A method of making a flexible anti-icing / icephobic coated fabric

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of new materials, and provides a preparation method of a flexible anti-icing / deicing coating fabric, which comprises the following steps: preparing a carbon precursor solution, adding a proper amount of a surfactant and a template material which can be removed later, carrying out hydrothermal reaction for a period of time, filtering, washing, drying, placing the obtained solid powder in a tubular furnace to carry out high-temperature pyrolysis, and obtaining hollow carbon material; taking an adhesive and a curing agent, coating the adhesive and the curing agent on the surface of the fabric, and curing to obtain a pretreated fabric; preparing a hollow carbon material suspension dispersion liquid, uniformly spraying the hollow carbon material suspension dispersion liquid on the surface of the pretreated fabric, and curing to obtain the flexible anti-icing / deicing coating fabric. The application adopts a textile material as a base, adopts the hollow carbon material with high specific surface area and low density as a photothermal matrix, has good hydrophobic effect, and has the advantages of passive anti-icing and active photothermal deicing. The carbon coating fabric has the advantages of superhydrophobicity, photothermal effect, good durability, strong adhesion, recyclable multiple use, high service life and environmental protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new materials technology, and in particular to a method for preparing a flexible anti-icing / de-icing coated fabric. Background Technology

[0002] Frost damage frequently occurs in aviation, power transmission, and high-altitude power generation facilities, inevitably causing damage to outdoor equipment and significantly impacting people's lives. To mitigate this damage, efficient anti-icing / de-icing technologies need continuous improvement. Currently, anti-icing / de-icing coatings are one of the most widely used technologies. This involves applying a thin coating to the material surface to create a protective layer with anti-icing / de-icing functions, protecting facilities from frost damage. Superhydrophobic surfaces are considered one of the most promising anti-icing / de-icing materials, effectively preventing droplet retention and promoting condensation and rapid roll-off. However, superhydrophobic surfaces are prone to losing their performance under conditions of low temperature, high humidity, or surface damage. Synergistic photothermal de-icing properties greatly extend the effectiveness of superhydrophobic materials. Utilizing the photothermal conversion of photothermal materials to melt surface frost and then removing it promptly under the superhydrophobic effect is a superior strategy.

[0003] Patent CN202311642423.9 discloses a wear-resistant micro / nano-structured superhydrophobic coating with photothermal effect and its preparation method. The method involves spraying a photothermal superhydrophobic coating with a micro / nano-layered structure onto an aluminum substrate by controlling the mass ratio of micron-sized carbon black particles to nano-sized carbon black particles. However, in terms of photothermal conversion efficiency, at 1000 W / m... 2 Under simulated sunlight, the coating surface temperature only reached approximately 60°C after 15 minutes, indicating that the photothermal conversion effect still needs improvement. Patent CN202311766215.X discloses a superhydrophobic coating with photothermal properties and its preparation method. Using fluorocarbon resin as the matrix and tungsten carbide as the photothermal matrix, the resulting photothermal superhydrophobic coating exhibits significant temperature rise, ultimately reaching a thermal equilibrium temperature above 85°C. However, fluorine-containing substances may pollute the environment, and tungsten carbide is a rare metal with high cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the above technical problems and provides a method for preparing a flexible anti-icing / de-icing coated fabric. The coating has good photothermal conversion ability and meets the superhydrophobic standard. In addition, the coating is similar to a "wallcovering", can be bent, folded, and disassembled for reuse, and has excellent effect on frost protection for large outdoor facilities.

[0005] One aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a flexible anti-icing / de-icing coated fabric, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step (1): Weigh a certain mass of carbon precursor to prepare a solution, add an appropriate amount of surfactant and a template material that can be removed later to prepare a mixture, transfer the mixture to a reaction vessel for hydrothermal reaction for a period of time, filter the reaction solution to obtain the product, wash and dry it to obtain a solid powder.

[0007] Step (2): The solid powder dried in step (1) is pyrolyzed at high temperature in a tube furnace to obtain hollow carbon material;

[0008] Step (3): Sealing the fabric: Weigh a certain amount of adhesive and curing agent, mix them evenly, apply them to the surface of the fabric, and cure them at a certain temperature to obtain the pretreated fabric.

[0009] Step (4): The hollow carbon material obtained in step (2) is ultrasonically dispersed with the binder and curing agent in an organic solvent at a certain mass ratio to obtain a uniform hollow carbon material suspension.

[0010] Step (5): The hollow carbon material suspension dispersion obtained in step (4) is uniformly sprayed onto the surface of the pretreated fabric obtained in step (3), and then cured for a period of time to obtain a flexible anti-covering / de-icing coating fabric.

[0011] Considering the porous nature of textile materials, this invention, after verifying its feasibility, creatively prepares hollow carbon materials with a high specific surface area and low density, incorporating numerous micropores to enhance light absorption. Traditional carbon black materials lack a fixed morphology and have a high density. After coating, their inherent black properties and uneven, rough structure often enhance light scattering and absorption. This technique has limitations in photothermal conversion, as light is difficult to penetrate the material for further contact and absorption and is lost through reflection. Compared to existing photothermal superhydrophobic coating technologies, this invention uses textile materials as a substrate and hollow carbon materials with high specific surface area and low density as a photothermal matrix. It exhibits good hydrophobicity and can rapidly generate heat to achieve rapid photothermal de-icing, combining the advantages of passive anti-icing and active photothermal de-icing. The coated fabric provided by this invention has advantages such as hydrophobicity, photothermal effect, good durability, strong adhesion, recyclability, long service life, and environmental friendliness. The preparation method provided by this invention does not use fluorine-containing reagents, has a simple process, low cost, and is environmentally friendly.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step (1), the concentration of the carbon precursor solution is 0.1-0.5 mol / L, the amount of surfactant added is 0.0001-0.0005 mol / L, and the template material is added after being prepared into a suspension with a concentration of 1-5 wt%.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the parameters of the hydrothermal reaction in step (1) are as follows: heating rate 0.5-5℃ / min, constant temperature 160-190℃, and constant temperature time 3-15h.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step (1), washing specifically involves washing the product with deionized water and ethanol 2-3 times, and drying specifically involves drying the washed product at 50-80℃ for 6-12 hours.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step (2), the high-temperature pyrolysis specifically involves filling the dried solid powder into an alumina crucible and pyrolyzing it at high temperature in a tube furnace; the parameters for high-temperature pyrolysis are as follows: heating rate 0.5-5℃ / min, pyrolysis temperature 400-600℃, and pyrolysis time 30-120min.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step (3), the amount of adhesive is 10-30 parts by mass and the amount of curing agent is 1-3 parts by mass, and they are mixed evenly;

[0017] Coating specifically involves using a coating stick or brush to apply the coating evenly directly to the fabric surface;

[0018] The curing parameters are: curing temperature 60-120℃, curing time 10-120min.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step (4), the ratio of hollow carbon material, adhesive and curing agent is (0.5-1.5):1:(0.05-0.15);

[0020] Organic solvents include any one or more of ethanol, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, or acetone;

[0021] The concentration of the hollow carbon material suspension dispersion is 0.01-0.1 g / mL.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step (5), the curing parameters are: curing temperature 80-140℃, curing time 30-180min.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the carbon precursor is divided into chemical substances (including at least one of glucose, starch, fructose, sucrose, lignin, etc.) or waste agricultural biomass (including at least one of camellia seed shells, bamboo chips, wood chips, rice straw, etc.).

[0024] The surfactant includes at least one of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide triblock copolymer (P123), and polypropylene glycol-polyethylene glycol-polypropylene glycol triblock copolymer (F127).

[0025] The adhesive includes at least one of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and fluorinated epoxy resin (F-EP). The adhesive can be purchased directly without synthesis and comes with a corresponding commercial curing agent.

[0026] The removable template material includes at least one of polystyrene microspheres (PS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), ammonium polyacrylate (PAM), and polyethyleneimine (PEI).

[0027] Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a flexible anti-icing / de-icing coated fabric, prepared according to any of the above-described preparation methods.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following technical effects:

[0029] 1. Considering the porous nature of textile materials, this invention, after verifying its feasibility, creatively prepares hollow carbon materials with a high specific surface area and low density, possessing numerous micropores, to promote light absorption. Traditional carbon black materials lack a fixed morphology and have a high density. After coating, their inherent black properties and uneven, rough structure often enhance light scattering and absorption. This technology has limitations in photothermal conversion, as light is difficult to penetrate the material for further contact and absorption and is lost in the form of reflection. Compared to existing photothermal superhydrophobic coating technologies, this invention uses textile materials as a substrate and hollow carbon materials with high specific surface area and low density as a photothermal matrix. It has good hydrophobicity and can quickly generate heat to achieve rapid photothermal de-icing, combining the advantages of passive anti-icing and active photothermal de-icing. The coated fabric provided by this invention has the advantages of hydrophobicity, photothermal effect, good durability, strong adhesion, recyclability, long service life, and environmental friendliness.

[0030] 2. Coatings applied to outdoor power facilities are irreversible, difficult to remove, and prone to damaging the equipment. The flexible anti-icing and de-icing coating fabric provided by this invention can be mass-produced, making it feasible for large outdoor facilities. It eliminates the need for on-site coating treatment; the coating fabric is simply applied to the facility's surface. Furthermore, the coating fabric provided by this invention is flexible, making it applicable to small, curved, and irregularly shaped surfaces. In addition, the coating fabric provided by this invention can be removed during seasonal changes for reuse, offering convenience.

[0031] 3. While waste biomass materials, after high-temperature carbonization, possess a certain broad light absorption capacity, they lack a porous structure and have a high density, which hinders further light contact and photothermal conversion within the material. Using the method provided in this invention to prepare hollow carbon materials from waste biomass materials can further improve light absorption within the carbon coating. Furthermore, if the preparation technology of hollow carbon materials uses waste agricultural biomass as a carbon precursor, it will be beneficial for resource recycling.

[0032] 4. The hollow carbon material preparation technology of the present invention adopts the template method, which only requires calcination to obtain carbon microspheres with a large number of micropores and hollow structure, and the specific surface area is much higher than that of ordinary carbon black particles.

[0033] 5. From the perspective of environmental protection and economic benefits, the preparation method provided by this invention uses inexpensive raw materials, has low cost, does not use fluorine-containing reagents, requires very little organic reagent, is environmentally friendly, and is suitable for large-scale production applications. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 These are SEM and TEM images of the hollow carbon microspheres prepared in Example 1.

[0035] Figure 2 These are the nitrogen adsorption / desorption isotherms and pore size distribution curves of the hollow carbon microspheres prepared in Example 1.

[0036] Figure 3 The images show the surface morphology and water contact angle of the photothermal superhydrophobic coating prepared in Example 1.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a photograph of the hydrophobic effect of the photothermal superhydrophobic coating prepared in Example 1.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a flexible illustration of the photothermal superhydrophobic coating prepared in Example 1.

[0039] Figure 6 The photothermal heating curve is shown in Example 1 for the photothermal superhydrophobic coating.

[0040] Figure 7 This describes the de-icing effect of the photothermal superhydrophobic coating prepared in Example 1. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] All materials used in the following examples were not purified and were conventional commercially available raw materials used directly. PDMS and its accompanying curing agent, used as a hydrophobic adhesive and low surface energy modifier, were provided by the vendor; specific purity information is protected by commercial law.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] The method for preparing a flexible anti-icing and de-icing coated fabric according to this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0045] (1) Prepare 60 mL of 0.2 mol / L glucose solution and 0.0002 mol / L P123 solution. While stirring, add 3 mL of 2.5 wt% PS aqueous suspension and continue stirring for 10 min. Transfer the mixed solution to a 100 mL polytetrafluoroethylene liner, then raise the temperature to 180 °C at a rate of 1 °C / min and hold for 12 h. After cooling to room temperature, remove the solution and wash it three times with ethanol and deionized water. Dry it in an oven at 60 °C for 8 h.

[0046] (2) The dried solid powder was evenly spread in an alumina crucible and calcined in a N2 environment to remove the PS core. The heating rate was 1℃ / min, the pyrolysis temperature was 500℃, and the pyrolysis time was 90min to obtain hollow carbon material. Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the obtained hollow carbon material has a distinct cavity structure.

[0047] (3) Mix PDMS and curing agent (total amount 1.5g) in a ratio of 10:1, apply evenly to the surface of fabric (7×7cm, PET) with a coating stick, cure at 80℃ for 30min and take it out, and name it PPF.

[0048] (4) A suspension of ethyl acetate with a concentration of 0.025 g / mL was prepared using hollow carbon material, adhesive, and curing agent in a ratio of 1:1:0.1. This suspension was then poured into a spray gun and sprayed out under a certain air pressure, accumulating on the PDMS / fabric surface to form a rough surface. Finally, it was cured at 120℃ for 2 hours to obtain a flexible photothermal superhydrophobic coated fabric, named HBMs@PPF. Figure 5 As shown, the photothermal superhydrophobic coated fabric prepared in this embodiment has a flexible and bendable coating. The coated fabric's flexibility allows it to be applied to small-sized, curved, and irregularly shaped surfaces.

[0049] The following tests were conducted to assess the coating's performance:

[0050] (1) Hydrophobicity: The water contact angle of the coating was measured using a contact angle measuring instrument. Figure 3 The bottom left corner shows a superhydrophobic angle of 157°. Additionally, as shown... Figure 4 As shown, it also exhibits excellent superhydrophobicity to acidic and alkaline droplets. Furthermore, water droplets can quickly roll off the tilted coating surface (1-5°).

[0051] (2) Photothermal conversion: The coating is placed vertically to the xenon lamp light source, the height is adjusted, and the light intensity is measured with a densitometer to fix it at 1000 W / m. 2 Timing was initiated from the start of light irradiation, and the temperature change of the coating surface was recorded using an infrared thermal imager. The temperature rose rapidly within 2 minutes, eventually reaching an equilibrium temperature of 75°C. Figure 6 As shown.

[0052] (3) De-icing effect: At an ambient temperature of -10℃, 1000W / m 2 The ice melting test was conducted under light intensity. 0.2 mL of water was frozen into an ice block approximately 3 mm thick, and the melting and sliding process of the ice block was observed on both flat and inclined surfaces. Figure 7 As shown, the ice completely melts into water in 420 seconds, while it slides off the top of the coating in 43 seconds on a 30° slope, which effectively prevents the accumulation of ice and snow.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] Referring to Example 1, the difference is that the isothermal time of the hydrothermal reaction was reduced to 6 hours to adjust the size of the hollow carbon microspheres. Hexane was chosen as the organic solvent, and to prevent solvent evaporation, the mixture was covered with plastic wrap or stirred in an ice-water bath.

[0055] Hydrophobicity, photothermal conversion, and de-icing effect were tested according to the test method in Example 1.

[0056] (1) Hydrophobicity: The water contact angle of the coating in this embodiment is 155°, which also has a good superhydrophobic effect on acidic and alkaline droplets. In addition, water droplets can quickly roll off the inclined coating surface.

[0057] (2) Photothermal conversion: Its temperature rises rapidly within 2 minutes, and the final equilibrium temperature reaches 78℃.

[0058] (3) De-icing effect: The ice melts completely into water in 415 seconds, and slides off the top of the coating in 41 seconds on a 30° slope, which can effectively prevent the accumulation of ice and snow.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] Referring to Example 1, the difference is that the isothermal time of the hydrothermal reaction was reduced to 3 hours during the preparation process to adjust the size of the hollow carbon microspheres. Anhydrous ethanol can be selected as the organic solvent.

[0061] Hydrophobicity, photothermal conversion, and de-icing effect were tested according to the test method in Example 1.

[0062] (1) Hydrophobicity: The water contact angle of the coating in this embodiment is 154°, which also has a good superhydrophobic effect on acidic and alkaline droplets. In addition, water droplets can quickly roll off the inclined coating surface.

[0063] (2) Photothermal conversion: Its temperature rises rapidly within 2 minutes, and the final equilibrium temperature reaches 79℃.

[0064] (3) De-icing effect: The ice melts completely into water in 410 seconds, and slides off the top of the coating in 40 seconds on a 30° slope, which can effectively prevent the accumulation of ice and snow.

[0065] Example 4

[0066] Referring to Example 1, the difference is that the isothermal time of the hydrothermal reaction was increased to 15 hours during the preparation process to adjust the size of the hollow carbon microspheres. Anhydrous ethanol can be selected as the organic solvent.

[0067] Hydrophobicity, photothermal conversion, and de-icing effect were tested according to the test method in Example 1.

[0068] (1) Hydrophobicity: The water contact angle of the coating in this embodiment is 154°, which also has a good superhydrophobic effect on acidic and alkaline droplets. In addition, water droplets can quickly roll off the inclined coating surface.

[0069] (2) Photothermal conversion: Its temperature rises rapidly within 2 minutes, and the final equilibrium temperature reaches 73℃.

[0070] (3) De-icing effect: The ice melts completely into water in 425 seconds, and slides off the top of the coating in 50 seconds on a 30° slope, which can effectively prevent the accumulation of ice and snow.

[0071] Example 5

[0072] Referring to Example 1, the difference from Example 1 is that, in the preparation process, an ethyl acetate suspension with a concentration of 0.05 g / mL of hollow carbon material was prepared according to the ratio of hollow carbon material, binder and curing agent of 0.5:1:0.1.

[0073] Hydrophobicity, photothermal conversion, and de-icing effect were tested according to the test method in Example 1.

[0074] (1) Hydrophobicity: The water contact angle of the coating in this embodiment is 156°, which also has a good superhydrophobic effect on acidic and alkaline droplets. In addition, water droplets can quickly roll off the inclined coating surface.

[0075] (2) Photothermal conversion: Its temperature rises rapidly within 2 minutes, and the final equilibrium temperature reaches 75℃.

[0076] (3) De-icing effect: The ice melts completely into water in 420s, and slides off the top of the coating in 43s on a 30° slope, which can effectively prevent the accumulation of ice and snow.

[0077] Example 6

[0078] Referring to Example 1, the difference from Example 1 is that, in the preparation process, an ethyl acetate dispersion with a concentration of 0.1 g / mL of hollow carbon material was prepared according to the ratio of hollow carbon material, organosilicon and curing agent of 1.5:1:0.1.

[0079] Hydrophobicity, photothermal conversion, and de-icing effect were tested according to the test method in Example 1.

[0080] (1) Hydrophobicity: The water contact angle of the coating in this embodiment is 157°, which also has a good superhydrophobic effect on acidic and alkaline droplets. In addition, water droplets can quickly roll off the inclined coating surface.

[0081] (2) Photothermal conversion: Its temperature rises rapidly within 2 minutes, and the final equilibrium temperature reaches 74℃.

[0082] (3) De-icing effect: The ice melts completely into water in 418s, and slides off the top of the coating in 42s on a 30° slope, which can effectively prevent the accumulation of ice and snow.

[0083] Example 7

[0084] Referring to Example 1, the difference from Example 1 is that in the preparation process: in step (1), the concentration of starch solution is 0.5 mol / L, the concentration of P123 is 0.0005 mol / L, the concentration of PS aqueous suspension is 3.5 wt%, the heating rate of hydrothermal reaction is 2.5℃ / min, and the constant temperature is 160℃; in step (2), the heating rate is 2.5℃ / min, the pyrolysis temperature is 400℃, and the pyrolysis time is 120 min; in step (3), the mass ratio of PDMS and curing agent is 7.5:1, the curing temperature is 60℃, and the curing time is 90 min; in step (4), the ratio of hollow carbon material, binder and curing agent is 1:1:0.125, the curing temperature is 100℃, and the curing time is 2.5 h.

[0085] Hydrophobicity, photothermal conversion, and de-icing effect were tested according to the test method in Example 1.

[0086] (1) Hydrophobicity: The water contact angle of the coating in this embodiment is 155°, which also has a good superhydrophobic effect on acidic and alkaline droplets. In addition, water droplets can quickly roll off the inclined coating surface.

[0087] (2) Photothermal conversion: Its temperature rises rapidly within 2 minutes, and the final equilibrium temperature reaches 74℃.

[0088] (3) De-icing effect: The ice melts completely into water in 422s, and slides off the top of the coating in 44s on a 30° slope, which can effectively prevent the accumulation of ice and snow.

[0089] Example 8

[0090] Referring to Example 1, the difference from Example 1 is that in the preparation process: in step (1), the concentration of sucrose solution is 0.3 mol / L, the concentration of F127 is 0.0003 mol / L, the concentration of PS aqueous suspension is 1.5 wt%, the heating rate of hydrothermal reaction is 0.5℃ / min, and the constant temperature is 190℃; in step (2), the heating rate is 0.5℃ / min, the pyrolysis temperature is 600℃, and the pyrolysis time is 30 min; in step (3), the mass ratio of PDMS and curing agent is 15:1, the curing temperature is 110℃, and the curing time is 15 min; in step (4), the ratio of hollow carbon material, binder and curing agent is 0.75:1:0.075, the curing temperature is 135℃, and the curing time is 1 h.

[0091] Hydrophobicity, photothermal conversion, and de-icing effect were tested according to the test method in Example 1.

[0092] (1) Hydrophobicity: The water contact angle of the coating in this embodiment is 156°, which also has a good superhydrophobic effect on acidic and alkaline droplets. In addition, water droplets can quickly roll off the inclined coating surface.

[0093] (2) Photothermal conversion: Its temperature rises rapidly within 2 minutes, and the final equilibrium temperature reaches 75℃.

[0094] (3) De-icing effect: The ice melts completely into water in 421s, and slides off the top of the coating in 44s on a 30° slope, which can effectively prevent the accumulation of ice and snow.

[0095] Example 9

[0096] Referring to Example 1, the difference from Example 1 is that in the preparation process: in step (1), the concentration of the wood chip solution is 0.3 mol / L, the concentration of PVP is 0.0003 mol / L, the concentration of the PS aqueous suspension is 4.5 wt%, the heating rate of the hydrothermal reaction is 3.5℃ / min, and the constant temperature is 190℃; in step (2), the heating rate is 3.5℃ / min, the pyrolysis temperature is 550℃, and the pyrolysis time is 60 min; in step (3), the mass ratio of PDMS to curing agent is 12.5:1, the curing temperature is 90℃, and the curing time is 30 min; in step (4), the ratio of hollow carbon material, adhesive and curing agent is 1.5:1:0.05, the curing temperature is 80℃, and the curing time is 2.5 h.

[0097] Hydrophobicity, photothermal conversion, and de-icing effect were tested according to the test method in Example 1.

[0098] (1) Hydrophobicity: The water contact angle of the coating in this embodiment is 154°, which also has a good superhydrophobic effect on acidic and alkaline droplets. In addition, water droplets can quickly roll off the inclined coating surface.

[0099] (2) Photothermal conversion: Its temperature rises rapidly within 2 minutes, and the final equilibrium temperature reaches 73℃.

[0100] (3) De-icing effect: The ice melts completely into water in 430s, and slides off the top of the coating in 54s on a 30° slope, which can effectively prevent the accumulation of ice and snow.

[0101] Comparative Example 1

[0102] Remove steps (1) and (2), replace the hollow carbon material with commercial carbon black, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0103] Hydrophobicity, photothermal conversion, and de-icing effect were tested according to the test method in Example 1.

[0104] (1) Hydrophobicity: The water contact angle of the coating is 151°, which has a good hydrophobic effect on acidic and alkaline droplets. Water droplets can roll off the inclined coating surface (5-10°).

[0105] (2) Photothermal conversion: its temperature rises to 41℃ within 2 minutes, and the final equilibrium temperature is 59℃ after 15 minutes.

[0106] (3) De-icing effect: The ice completely melts into water in 890s, and slides off the top of the coating in 94s on a 30° slope.

[0107] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a flexible anti-icing / de-icing coated fabric, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step (1): Weigh a certain mass of carbon precursor to prepare a solution, add an appropriate amount of surfactant and a template material that can be removed later, prepare a mixture, transfer the mixture to a reaction vessel for hydrothermal reaction for a period of time. The parameters of the hydrothermal reaction are as follows: heating rate 0.5-5 ℃ / min, constant temperature 160-190 ℃, constant temperature time 3-15 h; after the reaction, filter the reaction solution to obtain the product, wash, dry, and obtain solid powder; the carbon precursor is divided into chemical substances or waste agricultural biomass. Chemical substances include at least one of glucose, starch, fructose, sucrose, and lignin. Waste agricultural biomass includes at least one of camellia seed shell, bamboo chips, sawdust, and rice straw; the surfactant includes at least one of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide triblock copolymer P123, and polypropylene glycol-polyethylene glycol-polypropylene glycol triblock copolymer F127; Step (2): The dried solid powder from step (1) is pyrolyzed at high temperature in a tube furnace to obtain hollow carbon material; the high-temperature pyrolysis specifically involves filling the dried solid powder into an alumina crucible and pyrolyzing it at high temperature in a tube furnace; the parameters for high-temperature pyrolysis are as follows: heating rate 0.5-5 ℃ / min, pyrolysis temperature 400-600 ℃, and pyrolysis time 30-120 min; Step (3): Sealing the fabric: Weigh a certain amount of adhesive and curing agent, mix them evenly, apply them to the surface of the fabric, and cure them at a certain temperature to obtain the pretreated fabric. Step (4): Disperse the hollow carbon material obtained in step (2) with the adhesive and curing agent in an organic solvent at a certain mass ratio to obtain a uniform hollow carbon material suspension. Step (5): The hollow carbon material suspension dispersion obtained in step (4) is uniformly sprayed onto the surface of the pretreated fabric obtained in step (3), and then cured for a period of time to obtain a flexible anti-covering / de-icing coating fabric.

2. The method for preparing a flexible anti-icing / de-icing coated fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the concentration of the carbon precursor solution is 0.1-0.5 mol / L, the amount of surfactant added is 0.0001-0.0005 mol / L, and the template material is added after being prepared into a suspension with a concentration of 1-5 wt%.

3. The method for preparing a flexible anti-icing / de-icing coated fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), washing specifically involves washing the product with deionized water and ethanol 2-3 times, and drying specifically involves drying the washed product at 50-80 ℃ for 6-12 h.

4. The method for preparing a flexible anti-icing / de-icing coated fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (3), the amount of adhesive used is 10-30 parts by mass, and the amount of curing agent used is 1-3 parts by mass, and they are mixed evenly; Coating specifically involves using a coating stick or brush to apply the coating evenly directly to the fabric surface; The curing parameters are: curing temperature 60-120 ℃, curing time 10-120 min.

5. The method for preparing a flexible anti-icing / de-icing coated fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (4), the ratio of hollow carbon material, adhesive and curing agent is (0.5-1.5):1:(0.05-0.15). Organic solvents include any one or more of ethanol, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, or acetone; The concentration of the hollow carbon material suspension dispersion is 0.01-0.1 g / mL.

6. The method for preparing a flexible anti-icing / de-icing coated fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (5), the curing parameters are: curing temperature 80-140 ℃, curing time 30-180 min.

7. The method for preparing a flexible anti-icing / de-icing coated fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adhesive comprises at least one of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), fluorinated epoxy resin (F-EP), and hydrophobically modified polyurethane adhesive (PU). The removable template material includes at least one of polystyrene microspheres (PS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), ammonium polyacrylate (PAM), and polyethyleneimine (PEI).

8. A flexible anti-icing / de-icing coated fabric, prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1-7.

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