Hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity controllable magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing and preparation and regulation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydrophilic and hydrophobic controllable magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing which is characterized in that a magnetorheological rubber-foam metal shaft sleeve is uniformly divided into n arc-shaped section units along the circumferential direction, and i water film sensors are arranged in each arc-shaped section unit along the axial direction of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal shaft sleeve, two copper electrodes are led out from two ends of each water film sensor; j electromagnetic coils are arranged outside each arc-shaped section unit in the axial direction of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal shaft sleeve, the two poles of each electromagnetic coil are fixed to the periphery of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal shaft sleeve, gaps between the adjacent electromagnetic coils and the bearing shell are filled with iron blocks, and the iron blocks and the electromagnetic coils form a magnetic flux loop; the problems that due to the fact that the shaft sleeve material performance and the interface lubricating state of a traditional rubber bearing cannot be adjusted, the bearing capacity of a water-lubricated rubber bearing is insufficient, the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of a lubricating interface cannot be adjusted, noise reduction and abrasion resistance are insufficient, and performance improvement of a rubber sliding bearing is limited are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent rubber bearings, and relates to a magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, and a preparation and regulation method thereof, and in particular to a magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, and a preparation method thereof and an online regulation method for the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the bearing surface. Background Art

[0002] Bearings are common parts in transmission structures and are one of the key factors for the normal operation of the entire power system. Metal bearings are often used as bearing materials because of their high strength, high rigidity, and high wear resistance. However, metal bearings that use oil as a lubricant will still cause material leakage even if they are equipped with a tight sealing structure, and will also generate loud noise, leading to environmental pollution and energy loss.

[0003] Rubber polymer materials are often used as bearing materials because of their good vibration absorption and water absorption capabilities. Rubber bearings with water as the lubricating medium effectively solve the problem of noise pollution. At the same time, compared with traditional metal bearings, water-lubricated rubber bearings have a smaller friction coefficient and reduce the wear of mechanical systems. However, due to the small modulus and hardness of rubber polymer materials, water-lubricated rubber bearings have insufficient load-bearing capacity and are difficult to withstand high pressure and high strength, which limits the application scenarios of water-lubricated rubber bearings.

[0004] Under the start-stop, sudden load and disturbance of the shaft system, the "circumferential-axial interface" between the shaft and the bearing (including the groove) will produce different lubrication state characteristics (dry friction, boundary lubrication, mixed lubrication, interface dynamic pressure lubrication) areas. According to the different solid-liquid interface lubrication characteristics, some scholars have achieved friction reduction and vibration reduction by changing parameters such as rubber hardness, thickness and number of grooves, as well as loading conditions such as speed and load. However, it is impossible to achieve the transformation of the solid-liquid interface lubrication state through real-time regulation of the hydrophilicity of the contact surface, thereby achieving the effect of reducing friction and increasing slip. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity and a preparation and regulation method thereof in order to solve the problem that the traditional rubber bearing is unable to adjust the sleeve material properties and the interface lubrication state, resulting in insufficient bearing capacity of the water-lubricated rubber bearing, unadjustable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the lubrication interface, insufficient noise reduction and wear resistance, and thus restricting the performance improvement of the rubber sliding bearing. On the one hand, the bearing capacity of the water-lubricated rubber bearing is improved and the magnetic field regulation range is increased by adding foam metal. On the other hand, the contact parameters between the rubber sleeve surface and the water film are changed by a magnetic field generating device, and the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the contact surface are regulated in real time to achieve the effects of reducing friction, increasing slip, and suppressing vibration and noise.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity comprises a magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve and a bearing shell which is sleeved outside the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve and forms an interface water film with the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve. The magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve is evenly divided into n arc-shaped section units along the circumferential direction. The interior of each arc-shaped section unit is used to install a water film sensor, and the exterior is used to install an electromagnetic coil. Each arc-shaped section unit along the axial direction of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve is provided with i water film sensors, and two copper electrodes are led out of the two ends of each water film sensor. Each arc-shaped section unit along the axial direction of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve is provided with j electromagnetic coils outside. The two poles of the electromagnetic coils are fixed to the periphery of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve. The gap between adjacent electromagnetic coils and the bearing shell is filled with iron blocks, and the iron blocks and the electromagnetic coils form a magnetic flux loop.

[0008] Furthermore, the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve is made of ferromagnetic particles, foam metal and silicone rubber in a volume ratio of 3:2:5, and the foam metal is filled in a semi-solid magnetorheological rubber sleeve prefabricated with ferromagnetic particles and silicone rubber in an annular array.

[0009] Furthermore, the foam metal is one or more of the magnetically conductive foams such as foam iron, foam chromium, and foam nickel, wherein the porosity of the foam metal is 95% to 98%, and the density is 0.3 to 0.8 g / cm 3 The size is a disc with a diameter of 1~5mm and a thickness of 2mm, or a square with a side length of 2mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the foam metal is a through-hole structure with high specific stiffness, high Poisson's ratio, and high-efficiency vibration and noise reduction characteristics.

[0011] Furthermore, the iron blocks are fixed to the inner side of the bearing shell by adhesive, and limiting grooves for accommodating the electromagnetic coils are evenly arranged between the iron blocks on the inner side of the bearing shell, and the limiting grooves are in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.

[0012] Furthermore, a protrusion protruding toward the bearing housing is formed on the inner side of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve between adjacent water film sensors, and a groove for accommodating the water film sensor is formed on the inner side of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve between adjacent protrusions.

[0013] Furthermore, a clamping groove for accommodating an iron block is provided on the outer side of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve between adjacent electromagnetic coils, and the iron block is fixedly connected to the clamping groove on the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve by bolts.

[0014] The preparation method of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic controllable magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing is used to prepare the above-mentioned hydrophilic and hydrophobic controllable magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing, comprising the following steps:

[0015] S1. Mix silicone rubber, ferromagnetic particles and curing agent in a volume ratio of 10:6:1, and put them into an acrylic sleeve mold with a deep mesh shape after high-speed centrifugal stirring. After injection molding, put them into an 80°C heating drying oven to heat them to a semi-cured state and then take them out. Fill the foam metal particles with the mesh of the semi-cured magnetorheological rubber sleeve in an annular mesh to form multiple closed pore channels to improve the mass transfer and heat transfer performance. After the foam metal filling is completed, put them into an 80°C heating drying oven again to heat them until they are completely fused, and take them out from the mold after the sample is cooled.

[0016] S2. Lead out the two ends of the electromagnetic coil installed on the periphery of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve through the shaft diameter, install an iron block in the gap around the electromagnetic coil to form a magnetic circuit to reduce missed detection. At the same time, the iron block and the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve are fixed by bolts, and a water film sensor is installed on the inner side of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve. The two electrodes of the water film sensor are led outward through the shaft circumference;

[0017] S3. Fix the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve in the bearing housing at the center of the sliding bearing support through the axis, and the sliding bearing support is fixed on one side with bolts.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S1, the curing agent is one or more of polydimethylsiloxane, dibutyltin dilaurate, and diethylaminomethyltriethoxysilane, the mesh shape of the acrylic sleeve mold is circular or square, and the depth is 2 to 3 mm greater than the thickness of the foam metal, thereby improving the heat transfer performance.

[0019] The method for online regulating the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the surface of a magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity is applied to the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, and comprises the following steps:

[0020] S1. Before energizing the electromagnetic coil outside the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve, use a water film sensor to detect the contact thickness of the contact surface. and contact pressure , use a water drop angle tester to measure the contact angle of the contact surface The contact modulus of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal rubber sleeve is calculated. , and then judge its hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, among which the contact modulus By formula to conclude;

[0021] Specifically, after the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve peripheral electromagnetic coil is energized, when the contact angle =90°, the contact thickness of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve contact surface was measured at this time and contact pressure , the critical contact modulus is given by the formula It is concluded that if > , represents the hydrophobicity of magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve; if < , it indicates the hydrophilicity of magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bushing;

[0022] S2. According to different working conditions, the peripheral electromagnetic coil of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve is driven to output magnetic fields of different frequencies, directions and intensities to act on the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve, causing the magnetically controlled contact modulus and contact angle of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve surface to change, thereby realizing the hydrophilic and hydrophobic transformation of different lubrication state characteristics of the contact surface.

[0023] Furthermore, the contact angle size in step S1 is determined by measuring with a water drop angle tester. When the contact angle between the water drop and the material is <90°, the material is hydrophilic; when the contact angle is <10°, the material is super hydrophilic; when the contact angle = 0°, the material is completely wettable; when the contact angle is >90°, the material is considered to be hydrophobic; and when the contact angle is >150°, the material is defined as super hydrophobic.

[0024] Furthermore, applying a positive magnetic field in step S2 can reduce the roughness of the contact surface of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve, thereby reducing the contact angle and increasing the contact modulus, thereby increasing the hydrophilicity of the contact surface; applying a reverse magnetic field can increase the roughness of the contact surface, thereby increasing the contact angle and reducing the contact modulus, thereby increasing the hydrophobicity of the contact surface.

[0025] Furthermore, in step S2, the different lubrication state characteristics of the contact surface include dry friction, boundary lubrication, and full-film dynamic pressure lubrication.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] 1. The hydrophilic and hydrophobic controllable magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing disclosed in the present invention is mainly composed of a magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve, a bearing support, a bearing housing, a passive water film sensor, and an electromagnetic field control device. The present invention adds ferromagnetic particles and foam metal to the traditional rubber sleeve, which can improve the bearing capacity and magnetostrictive effect of the water-lubricated rubber bearing under low-speed and heavy-load conditions. By driving the array electromagnetic coil, the magnetic field of different frequencies, directions and intensities is output, and the active ferromagnetic particles in the sleeve are magnetized into a chain shape under the action of the magnetic field, forming micro-convex peaks on the sleeve surface; under the action of the interfacial water film pressure and contact force, the magnetostrictive viscoelasticity and slip, and the change of the magnetically controlled contact angle are affected. The present invention can autonomously measure the contact angle of the water film-sleeve surface under the action of the magnetic field online, realize the reversible transformation of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic surface of the magnetorheological water-lubricated rubber bearing, thereby realizing the magnetically controlled hydrophilic and hydrophobic transformation and the regulation of the slip performance, and providing a new method for the design of friction-reducing, wear-resistant and self-lubricating controllable sleeves.

[0028] 2. The hydrophilic and hydrophobic magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing disclosed in the present invention generates a controllable magnetic field by supplying power to the electromagnetic coil through a power supply, and uses a water film sensor to detect the water film thickness and water film pressure on the contact surface of the water droplet and the shaft sleeve under the magnetic field condition and outputs them as a contact angle and a contact modulus, and uses the size of the contact angle and the contact modulus to realize the transformation of hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, thereby achieving the effect of increasing slip and reducing friction. It has the characteristics of self-sensing, self-regulation, fast response, high stability, etc., which improves the slip performance of water-lubricated bearings and extends their service life.

[0029] 3. The hydrophilic and hydrophobic controllable magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing disclosed in the present invention, the foam metal in the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve is a through-hole structure with high specific strength, high specific stiffness, high Poisson's ratio, high efficiency vibration reduction and noise reduction, etc. Under the control of the magnetic field, the magnetic foam metal has magnetism, and the ferromagnetic particles agglomerate and adhere to the surface of the foam metal cavity structure, and produce coupling with the chain-like ferromagnetic particles, thereby improving the material's bearing capacity and magnetostrictive effect. It is often used as an energy-absorbing, sound-absorbing and high-modulus material, and is widely used in aviation, navigation, vehicle engineering and other fields. Adding foam metal to the traditional magnetorheological rubber sleeve increases the bearing capacity under low-speed and heavy-load conditions, and expands the application scenarios and fields of water-lubricated rubber bearings; it realizes the dual control mechanism of foam metal and ferromagnetic particles, and improves the parameter control range under magnetic field conditions.

[0030] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description to some extent, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the following examination and study, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0032] Figure 1 It is a circumferential schematic diagram of the overall structure of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the metal bearing housing;

[0034] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the axial structure of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve, where Figure 3 (a) is a schematic diagram of the installation of the electromagnetic coil on the surface of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve. Figure 3 (b) Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve surface;

[0035] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the installation of passive water film sensors in each arc section unit;

[0036] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The reversible transformation of hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity on the surface of magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve under medium magnetic field regulation. Figure 5 (a) Schematic diagram of the contact surface between magnetorheological rubber and foam metal sleeve under non-magnetic field; Figure 5 (b) Schematic diagram of the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the contact surface of magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve under magnetic field regulation.

[0037] Figure numerals: bearing housing 1, iron block 2, electromagnetic coil 3, magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve 4, ferromagnetic particles 41, micro-convex peaks 42, interface water film 43, foam metal 44, water film sensor 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 4The magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity shown in the figure comprises a magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve 4 and a bearing housing 1 which is sleeved outside the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve 4 and forms an interface water film 43 with the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve 4. The magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve 4 is evenly divided into n arc-shaped section units along the circumferential direction. The interior of each arc-shaped section unit is used to install a water film sensor 5, and the exterior is used to install an electromagnetic coil 3. i water film sensors 5 are arranged inside each arc-shaped section unit along the axial direction of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve 4. A protrusion protruding toward the bearing housing 1 is formed on the inner side of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve 4 between adjacent water film sensors 5. A groove for accommodating the water film sensor 5 is opened on the inner side of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve 4 between adjacent protrusions. The groove shape is one of square, triangle, and circle. Two copper electrodes are led out from both ends of each water film sensor 5; j electromagnetic coils 3 are arranged outside each arc-shaped section unit along the axial direction of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve 4, and the two poles of the electromagnetic coils 3 are fixed to the periphery of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve 4. The gap between the adjacent electromagnetic coils 3 and the bearing housing 1 is filled with iron blocks 2, which are fixed to the inner side of the bearing housing 1 by adhesive, and the iron blocks 2 are fixedly connected to the clamping groove on the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve 4 by bolts. The magnetic conductive block 2 and the electromagnetic coil 3 form a magnetic flux loop to reduce magnetic leakage.

[0040] Among them, the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve 4 is made of ferromagnetic particles 41, foam metal 44, and silicone rubber in a volume ratio of 3:2:5, and the foam metal 44 is filled in a semi-solid magnetorheological rubber sleeve prefabricated with ferromagnetic particles 41 and silicone rubber in a circular array. During processing, when the magnetorheological rubber sleeve is in a semi-cured state, the foam metal 44 is closely and evenly fitted with the mesh on the magnetorheological rubber sleeve in a circular array filling manner to form a plurality of closed pore channels to improve the mass transfer and heat transfer performance. The foam metal 44 is one or more of the magnetic conductive foams such as foam iron, foam chromium, and foam nickel, wherein the porosity of the foam metal 44 is 95%~98%, and the density is 0.3~0.8g / cm 3 , the size is a disc shape with a diameter of 1~5mm and a thickness of 2mm, or a square shape with a side length of 2mm. The foam metal is a through-hole structure with high specific stiffness, high Poisson's ratio, and efficient vibration reduction and noise reduction characteristics. Adding foam metal to the traditional rubber bushing can increase the bearing capacity under low speed and heavy load conditions; under the action of the magnetic field, the ferromagnetic particles 41 agglomerate and adhere to the surface of the foam metal cavity structure, the distance between the molecules of the ferromagnetic particles 41 decreases, and the magnetically controlled elastic modulus of the magnetorheological rubber bushing increases, realizing the dual-object control mechanism of the magnetic conductive foam metal 44 and the ferromagnetic particles 41, which can improve the magnetostrictive effect of the magnetorheological rubber bushing.

[0041] Under the action of the magnetic field, the active ferromagnetic particles 41 in the sleeve are magnetized into a chain shape, forming micro-peaks 42 on the surface of the sleeve, and the surface roughness of the sleeve changes; under the action of the pressure and contact force of the interfacial water film 43, the changes in magneto-viscoelasticity, slip, and magnetically controlled contact angle are affected; magnetic control regulates the coupling effect of adhesive friction and hysteresis friction, guiding the evolution of adhesive friction to hysteresis friction, resulting in a change in hydrophilic and hydrophobic behavior.

[0042] The magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve 4 and the lubricating medium water generate multiple magnetically controlled contact surfaces and form an interface water film 43. The passive water film sensor 5 is used to sense the pressure and thickness of the water film on the contact surface. The electromagnetic coil 3 provides magnetic fields of different frequencies, directions and intensities after receiving the sensing signal, and adaptively changes the contact parameters of the sleeve-water film contact surface, thereby regulating the friction reduction and slip increase state of the water-lubricated bearing.

[0043] The method for preparing the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity controllable magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing is used to prepare the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity controllable magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing, comprising the following steps:

[0044] S1. Silicone rubber, ferromagnetic particles 41 and curing agent are mixed in a volume ratio of 10:6:1, and after high-speed centrifugal stirring, they are placed in an acrylic sleeve mold cut by laser with a deep mesh shape, and after injection molding, they are placed in an 80°C heating drying oven and heated to a semi-cured state, and then taken out, and the foam metal particles are closely and evenly fitted with the mesh of the semi-cured magnetorheological rubber sleeve in a ring-shaped mesh filling manner to form multiple closed pore channels to improve mass transfer and heat transfer performance; after the foam metal filling is completed, it is placed in an 80°C heating drying oven again and heated until it is completely fused, and after the sample is cooled, it is taken out from the mold;

[0045] S2, the two ends of the electromagnetic coil 3 installed on the periphery of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve 4 are led outward through the axial diameter, and the iron block 2 is installed in the gap around the electromagnetic coil 3 to form a magnetic circuit to reduce missed detection. At the same time, the iron block 2 and the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve 4 are fixed by bolts, and a water film sensor 5 is installed on the inner side of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve 4. The two electrodes of the water film sensor 5 are led outward through the axial circumference;

[0046] S3. Fix the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve 4 in the bearing housing 1 at the center of the sliding bearing support through the axis, and the sliding bearing support is fixed on one side with bolts.

[0047] The main materials of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve are ferromagnetic particles 41 and foam metal. On the one hand, the foam metal can improve the modulus and stiffness of the sleeve; on the other hand, after power is turned on, the electromagnetic coil can achieve dual-object regulation of the ferromagnetic particles 41 and the foam metal, generating a magnetostrictive-rheological effect, which can increase the range of magnetic field regulation.

[0048] like Figure 5 As shown, the method for online regulating the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the surface of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity is applied to the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, and comprises the following steps:

[0049] S1. Before energizing the outer electromagnetic coil 3 of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve 4, use a water film sensor to detect the contact thickness of the contact surface and contact pressure , use a water drop angle tester to measure the contact angle of the contact surface The contact modulus of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal rubber sleeve 4 is calculated. , and then judge its hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, among which the contact modulus By formula to conclude;

[0050] Specifically, after the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve 4 is energized with the electromagnetic coil 3, when the contact angle =90°, the contact thickness of the contact surface between the magnetorheological rubber and the foam metal sleeve 4 is measured. and contact pressure , the critical contact modulus is given by the formula It is concluded that if > , represents the hydrophobicity of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve 4; if < , it indicates that the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve 4 is hydrophilic;

[0051] The size of the contact angle is determined by measuring with a water drop angle tester. When the contact angle between the water drop and the material is <90°, the material is hydrophilic; when the contact angle is <10°, the material is super hydrophilic; when the contact angle = 0°, the material is completely wettable; when the contact angle is >90°, the material is considered to be hydrophobic; when the contact angle is >150°, the material is defined as super hydrophobic.

[0052] S2. According to different working conditions, the peripheral electromagnetic coil 3 of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve 4 is driven to output magnetic fields of different frequencies, directions and intensities to act on the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve 4, causing the magnetically controlled contact modulus and contact angle of the surface of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve 4 to change, thereby realizing the hydrophilic-hydrophobic transformation of different lubrication state characteristics (dry friction, boundary lubrication, full-film dynamic pressure lubrication) of the contact surface.

[0053] The water film sensor can sense the contact pressure and thickness of the water film-sleeve contact surface, and output the contact angle and contact modulus after calculation; according to the characteristics of different lubrication states (boundary lubrication, full film dynamic pressure lubrication), the drive array electromagnetic coil is selected to output magnetic fields of different frequencies, directions and intensities to act on the sleeve, causing the magnetically controlled contact modulus and contact angle of the sleeve surface to change, thereby realizing the hydrophilic and hydrophobic transformation of the contact surface.

[0054] The required hydrophilic and hydrophobic states are determined according to different lubrication characteristics: during the start-up and stop stages of the equipment, the water film-sleeve contact surface presents a boundary lubrication state. Applying a positive magnetic field can reduce the contact angle and increase the contact modulus of the contact surface, thereby increasing the hydrophilicity of the contact surface and reducing friction and wear; during the high-speed operation stage of the equipment, the water film-sleeve contact surface presents a full-film dynamic pressure lubrication state. Applying a reverse magnetic field can increase the contact angle and reduce the contact modulus of the contact surface, thereby increasing the hydrophobicity of the contact surface and reducing the obstruction of the medium water on the contact interface.

[0055] The array electromagnetic coil 3 is selected for driving according to the characteristics of different lubrication states (boundary lubrication, full-film dynamic pressure lubrication): the electromagnetic coil outputs magnetic fields of different frequencies, directions and intensities to act on the shaft sleeve; the water film sensor 5 senses the contact pressure and thickness of the water film-shaft sleeve contact surface and outputs them as contact angle and contact modulus, and the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the contact surface are transformed by the size of the contact angle and the contact modulus, thereby realizing the reversible regulation of the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity by the magnetic field.

[0056] The hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity are determined by the contact angle and contact modulus of the water film-sleeve contact surface, and the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity are switched in real time through the magnetic field, achieving self-sensing and self-regulation, and improving the slip performance of water-lubricated bearings.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, characterized in that: The invention comprises a magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) and a bearing housing (1) which is sleeved outside the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) and forms an interface water film (43) with the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4). The magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) is evenly divided into n arc-shaped cross-sectional units along the circumferential direction. The interior of each arc-shaped cross-sectional unit is used to install a water film sensor (5), and the exterior is used to install an electromagnetic coil (3). i water film sensors (5) are arranged inside each arc-shaped cross-sectional unit along the axial direction of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4), and two copper electrodes are led out from both ends of each water film sensor (5). j electromagnetic coils (3) are arranged outside each arc-shaped cross-sectional unit along the axial direction of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4), and the two poles of the electromagnetic coils (3) are fixed to the periphery of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4). The gap between adjacent electromagnetic coils (3) and the bearing housing (1) is filled with iron blocks (2), and the iron blocks (2) and the electromagnetic coils (3) form a magnetic flux loop.

2. The hydrophilic and hydrophobic magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) is made of ferromagnetic particles (41), foam metal (44), and silicone rubber in a volume ratio of 3:2:5, and the foam metal (44) is filled in a semi-solid magnetorheological rubber sleeve prefabricated with the ferromagnetic particles (41) and silicone rubber in an annular array.

3. The hydrophilic and hydrophobic controllable magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The foam metal (44) is one or more of the magnetically conductive foams such as foam iron, foam chromium, and foam nickel, wherein the foam metal (44) has a porosity of 95% to 98% and a density of 0.3 to 0.8 g / cm 3 The size is a disc with a diameter of 1~5mm and a thickness of 2mm, or a square with a side length of 2mm.

4. The hydrophilic and hydrophobic magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The iron blocks (2) are fixed to the inner side of the bearing housing (1) by means of an adhesive, and limiting grooves for accommodating the electromagnetic coil (3) are evenly arranged between the iron blocks (2) inside the bearing housing (1), and the limiting grooves are in a rectangular parallelepiped shape.

5. The hydrophilic and hydrophobic controllable magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that: A protrusion protruding toward the bearing housing (1) is formed on the inner side of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) between adjacent water film sensors (5), and a groove for accommodating the water film sensor (5) is formed on the inner side of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) between adjacent protrusions.

6. The hydrophilic and hydrophobic magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that: A clamping groove for accommodating an iron block (2) is provided on the outside of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) between adjacent electromagnetic coils (3); the iron block (2) and the clamping groove on the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) are fixedly connected by bolts.

7. The method for preparing the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Silicone rubber, ferromagnetic particles (41) and curing agent are mixed in a volume ratio of 10:6:1, and after high-speed centrifugal stirring, they are placed in an acrylic sleeve mold with a deep mesh shape. After injection molding, they are placed in an 80°C heating drying oven and heated to a semi-cured state, and then taken out. The foam metal (44) particles are closely and evenly fitted with the mesh of the semi-cured magnetorheological rubber sleeve in a ring-shaped mesh filling manner to form multiple closed pore channels to improve mass transfer and heat transfer performance. After the foam metal (44) is filled, it is placed in an 80°C heating drying oven again and heated until it is completely fused. After the sample is cooled, it is taken out from the mold; S2, the two ends of the electromagnetic coil (3) installed on the periphery of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) are led outward through the shaft diameter, and an iron block (2) is installed in the gap around the electromagnetic coil (3) to form a magnetic circuit to reduce missed detection. At the same time, the iron block (2) and the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) are fixed by bolts, and a water film sensor (5) is installed on the inner side of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4), and the two electrodes of the water film sensor (5) are led outward through the shaft circumference; S3. The magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) is fixed in the bearing housing (1) at the center of the sliding bearing support through the axis, and the sliding bearing support is fixed on one side with bolts.

8. The method for preparing the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: In step S1, the curing agent is one or more of polydimethylsiloxane, dibutyltin dilaurate, and diethylaminomethyltriethoxysilane. The mesh shape of the acrylic sleeve mold is circular or square, and the depth is greater than the thickness of the foam metal (44) by 2 to 3 mm, thereby improving the heat transfer performance.

9. The method for online regulating the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of a magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Before energizing the outer electromagnetic coil (3) of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4), use a water film sensor (5) to detect the contact thickness of the contact surface. and contact pressure , use a water drop angle tester to measure the contact angle of the contact surface The contact modulus of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal rubber sleeve (4) is calculated. , and then judge its hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, among which the contact modulus By formula to conclude; Specifically, after the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) is energized with the peripheral electromagnetic coil (3), when the contact angle =90°, the contact thickness of the contact surface of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) is measured. and contact pressure , the critical contact modulus is given by the formula It is concluded that if > , represents the hydrophobicity of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bushing (4); if < , then it indicates that the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) is hydrophilic; S2. According to different working conditions, the peripheral electromagnetic coil (3) of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) is driven to output magnetic fields of different frequencies, directions and intensities to act on the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4), thereby causing the magnetically controlled contact modulus and contact angle of the surface of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) to change, thereby achieving hydrophilic and hydrophobic conversion of different lubrication state characteristics of the contact surface.

10. The method for online regulating the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of a magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: In step S2, a forward magnetic field is applied to reduce the roughness of the contact surface of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4), thereby reducing the contact angle and increasing the contact modulus, thereby increasing the hydrophilicity of the contact surface; and a reverse magnetic field is applied to increase the roughness of the contact surface, thereby increasing the contact angle and reducing the contact modulus, thereby increasing the hydrophobicity of the contact surface.

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