Sectional cooling system and kiln
By adopting a segmented cooling system in the kiln, using external circulation and internal circulation cooling devices combined with water-cooled pipe combination cooling technology, the problems of large pressure fluctuations and high sealing requirements during the sintering of lithium battery materials are solved, and efficient cooling and material stability are achieved, and production efficiency and yield rate are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510086702.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-28
AI Technical Summary
During the sintering of lithium battery materials in the existing kilns, the cooling system will cause large pressure fluctuations in the furnace when the heat is absorbed, and the structural sealing requirements will be high during the atmosphere circulation and heat exchange, resulting in low material oxidation and production efficiency.
A sectional cooling system is adopted, including a first cooling section and a second cooling section. The first cooling section is equipped with an external circulation cooling device. The second cooling section is equipped with an internal circulation cooling device. By combining the cooling method with a pressurized cold air and a water-cooled pipe, rapid cooling is achieved and external air is prevented from mixing in.
It effectively solves the problems of large pressure fluctuations and high sealing requirements, improves cooling efficiency and product consistency, prevents material oxidation, and improves production efficiency and yield.
Smart Images

Figure CN119713868A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lithium battery material sintering, and in particular to a segmented cooling system and a kiln. Background Art
[0002] With the development of new energy technology, lithium batteries are widely used in production and life. The positive and negative electrode materials of lithium batteries, such as the positive electrode materials of ternary lithium batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries and the negative electrode materials of graphite batteries, need to be sintered in the kiln during production. In order to increase the output of lithium battery materials in the kiln, the following two methods are mainly used: First, increase the loading capacity of the sagger, such as increasing the loading capacity or changing the single-layer sagger to two, three or more layers; second, shorten the cooling time after sintering the material and speed up the efficiency of firing products. The above two methods of increasing production both require a rapid cooling device in the kiln. The high-temperature atmosphere in the existing kiln is mostly cooled by finned tube water cooling, and the high-temperature atmosphere gas at the head of the cooling zone is extracted to the outside of the furnace through a sealed pipe and a fan, and then water-cooled for heat exchange. After the atmosphere temperature drops, it is re-injected into the end of the cooling zone to achieve circulating cooling of the atmosphere. However, when the atmosphere is circulated, increasing the amount of high-temperature atmosphere extracted from the cooling zone will cause a large fluctuation in the pressure in the furnace. The heat in the high-temperature zone will flow to the cooling zone under the action of pressure, making cooling difficult. At the same time, the unstable pressure during suction will reduce the consistency of the sintered product. In addition, the high-temperature atmosphere gas has high requirements on the sealing performance of the pipeline outside the furnace and the circulating fan. The air leaking from the pipeline will mix into the fan and the pipeline, causing the oxygen content in the furnace to increase, resulting in oxidation of lithium iron phosphate and graphite negative electrode materials, and oxidation of the graphite sagger loaded with materials. A kiln that can be cooled quickly is now needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention
[0003] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a segmented cooling system, which solves the problem that the existing cooling system causes large pressure fluctuations in the furnace when pumping hot atmosphere and has high structural sealing requirements during atmosphere circulation heat exchange.
[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
[0005] A segmented cooling system comprises a first cooling section and a second cooling section, wherein the first cooling section is connected to the second cooling section, an external circulation cooling device is arranged on the first cooling section, the external circulation cooling device comprises an exhaust fan, a first exhaust duct, an air intake duct and a cooling jacket, one end of the first exhaust duct is connected to the exhaust fan, the other end of the first exhaust duct is communicated with the cooling jacket, the air intake duct is communicated with the cooling jacket, the cooling jacket is arranged in the first cooling section, an internal circulation cooling device is arranged on the second cooling section, the internal circulation cooling device comprises a second exhaust duct and a heat exchanger, one end of the second exhaust duct is communicated with the second cooling section, and the other end of the second exhaust duct is communicated with the second cooling section, and the positive and negative electrode materials of the lithium battery in the segmented cooling box body can be cooled faster by pressurized cold air according to the high and low temperatures, so as to prevent external air from mixing into the furnace to cause oxidation of the materials and affect the material properties.
[0006] Furthermore, a first water-cooling pipe is provided in the first cooling section, and the first water-cooling pipe is arranged at the upper and lower parts of the first cooling section. A second water-cooling pipe is provided in the second cooling section, and the second water-cooling pipe is arranged at the upper and lower parts of the second cooling section, so as to improve the cooling efficiency by combining cooling methods.
[0007] Furthermore, the internal circulation cooling device also includes a valve, a flow fan and an air supply duct, the valve is arranged at the air inlet end of the heat exchanger, one end of the flow fan is connected to the heat exchanger, and the other end of the flow fan is connected to the second cooling section via the air supply duct, which is used to control the flow of the internal circulation atmosphere to achieve the effect of rapid circulation cooling.
[0008] Preferably, the internal circulation cooling device also includes a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor, the first temperature sensor is arranged at the air inlet end of the heat exchanger, and the second temperature sensor is arranged at the air outlet end of the heat exchanger, and the flow rate of the circulating atmosphere is controlled according to the temperature inside the furnace, so as to accurately control the temperature inside the furnace.
[0009] More preferably, the heat exchanger adopts water cooling for heat exchange, and a water inlet and a water outlet are provided on the heat exchanger, so the use cost is low and the heat exchange efficiency is high.
[0010] More preferably, the flow fan adopts frequency conversion control, and the flow control is accurate and energy-saving.
[0011] More preferably, the air supply duct is connected to the lower part of the second cooling section to accelerate the efficiency of atmosphere circulation.
[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a ventilation section, which is arranged between the first cooling section and the second cooling section to prevent the thermal atmosphere and airflow pressure between different sections from affecting each other.
[0013] Furthermore, the ventilation section includes a ventilation chamber, a first sealing gate and a second sealing gate. One end of the ventilation chamber is connected to the first cooling section, and the other end of the ventilation chamber is connected to the second cooling section. The first sealing gate is arranged between the ventilation chamber and the first cooling section, and the second sealing gate is arranged between the ventilation chamber and the second cooling section. The ventilation chamber is provided with an air inlet and an exhaust port for isolating different sections and preventing air from infiltrating and affecting the performance and quality of the product.
[0014] The second purpose of the present invention is to provide a kiln that solves the problem of low production efficiency when the existing kiln is used to burn positive and negative electrode materials of lithium batteries.
[0015] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
[0016] A kiln comprises the segmented cooling system, a heating section, a heat preservation section, a slow cooling section, an inlet displacement chamber and an outlet displacement chamber, wherein the inlet displacement chamber is connected to the heating section, the heating section is connected to the heat preservation section, the heat preservation section is connected to the slow cooling section, the slow cooling section is connected to the segmented cooling system, and the segmented cooling system is connected to the outlet displacement chamber, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the positive and negative electrode materials of the lithium battery in the sagger, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing the output.
[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0018] (1) The segmented cooling system is provided with a first cooling section and a second cooling section. The first cooling section is provided with an external circulation cooling device, and the second cooling section is provided with an internal circulation cooling device. The external circulation cooling device obtains cooling air from the outside and inputs it into a cooling jacket in the inner wall of the first cooling section. The cooling jacket exchanges heat with the high-temperature atmosphere in the first cooling section to complete rapid cooling, and ensures the stability of the atmosphere in the furnace. The internal circulation cooling device extracts the hot atmosphere in the second cooling section and discharges the heat through the heat exchanger and then inputs it into the second cooling section to achieve internal circulation heat exchange and thus cool down. The efficiency of heat exchange can be improved by increasing the exhaust pressure. The high-temperature atmosphere in the first cooling section is above 300°C, and rapid cooling is achieved by rapid heat exchange with external air. The high-temperature atmosphere in the second cooling section is below 300°C, and cooling is achieved by internal circulation through the heat exchanger. At the same time, external air is prevented from entering the furnace to cause oxidation to the sagger and the positive and negative electrode materials of the lithium battery. The product is cooled in sections, the single sagger loading amount is increased and the cooling time of the product is shortened, thereby improving the sintering efficiency of the product.
[0019] (2) The segmented cooling system is provided with a ventilation section between the first cooling section and the second cooling section. Two sealing gates are provided in the ventilation section to connect the two sections respectively, so as to separate the ventilation section from the first cooling section or the second cooling section. This can stabilize the gas atmosphere in each section and prevent the mutual influence between the atmospheres and pressures of different temperatures on both sides. The ventilation section is ventilated with inert gas to play a certain cooling role. It can also prevent the air mixed in due to sealing failure from reacting with the fired product under oxidation reaction and reducing the yield of the product.
[0020] (3) The kiln is connected to a segmented cooling system in the slow cooling section, and the segmented cooling system cools the fired products in the kiln in sections according to the temperature, thereby improving the cooling efficiency and reducing the requirements for pipeline sealing. The pressure in the first cooling section and the second cooling section is stable and the cooling efficiency is high, which increases the loading capacity, production efficiency and yield rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 A structural diagram of the segmented cooling system provided by the present invention;
[0022] Figure 2 A structural diagram of the kiln provided by the present invention;
[0023] Figure 3 A cross-sectional structural diagram of the temperature rising section provided by the present invention;
[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a sagger array provided by the present invention.
[0025] Reference numerals:
[0026] 1. Heating section; 11. Smoke exhaust device; 111. Smoke exhaust pipe; 112. Smoke exhaust fan; 2. Insulation section; 3. Slow cooling section; 4. First cooling section; 41. First water cooling pipe; 42. External circulation cooling device; 421. First exhaust pipe; 422. Exhaust fan; 423. Air intake pipe; 424. Cooling jacket; 5. Ventilation section; 51. Ventilation chamber; 52. First sealing gate; 53. Second sealing gate; 6. Second cooling section; 61. Second water cooling pipe; 62. Internal circulation cooling device; 621. Second exhaust duct; 622. Heat exchanger; 623. Flow fan; 624. First temperature sensor; 625. Valve; 626. Second temperature sensor; 627. Air supply duct; 7. Outlet displacement chamber; 8. Inlet displacement chamber; 9. Sagger array; 101. Furnace shell; 102. Insulation layer; 103. Conveying roller; 104. Sealed chamber; 105. Gas inlet; 106. Heating device; 107. Protective layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0028] Embodiment 1
[0029] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment discloses a segmented cooling system, including a first cooling section 4 and a second cooling section 6, the first cooling section 4 is connected to the second cooling section 6, the first cooling section 4 is provided with an external circulation cooling device 42, the external circulation cooling device 42 includes an exhaust fan 422, a first exhaust pipe 421, an air intake pipe 423 and a cooling jacket 424, one end of the first exhaust pipe 421 is connected to the exhaust fan 422, the other end of the first exhaust pipe 421 is communicated with the cooling jacket 424, the air intake pipe 423 is communicated with the cooling jacket 424, the cooling jacket 424 is arranged in the first cooling section 4, the second cooling section 6 is provided with an internal circulation cooling device 62, the internal circulation cooling device 62 includes a second exhaust pipe 621 and a heat exchanger 622, one end of the second exhaust pipe 621 is communicated with the second cooling section 6, the other end of the second exhaust pipe 621 is communicated with the second cooling section 6, the external Cold air enters the cooling jacket 424 from the air inlet duct 423, and the cooling air exchanges heat with the hot atmosphere in the furnace through the cooling jacket 424. After absorbing the heat of the hot atmosphere, the cooling air is extracted and discharged by the exhaust fan 422 through the first exhaust duct 421, thereby achieving rapid cooling. The internal circulation cooling device 62 sucks the hot atmosphere in the furnace into the heat exchanger 622 through the second exhaust duct 621, and the heat of the hot atmosphere is transferred by the heat exchanger 622. The cooled atmosphere is sent into the furnace again, and cooling is achieved through continuous internal circulation. While cooling, air leakage into the furnace is prevented to cause oxidation of the product and the sagger, thereby improving the product yield. The product is cooled by the first cooling section 4 and the second cooling section 6 respectively, and the two sections are separated by a sealing structure to prevent the atmospheres of different temperatures from affecting each other and to prevent the pressure fluctuation of the sucked air from affecting the product, thereby improving the product quality and yield.
[0030] Among them, the temperature of the first cooling section 4 is above 300°C, and the temperature of the second cooling section 6 is not higher than 300°C. Different cooling devices are used according to different temperatures. At a certain temperature, the cooling efficiency is greatly improved by means of pressurized internal circulation atmosphere. The cooling jacket 424 is arranged on the furnace wall or close to the inner wall of the kiln to reduce space occupancy and leave space for loading enough saggers.
[0031] Furthermore, a first water-cooling pipe 41 is provided in the first cooling section 4, and the first water-cooling pipe 41 is arranged at the upper and lower parts of the first cooling section 4. A second water-cooling pipe 61 is provided in the second cooling section 6, and the second water-cooling pipe 61 is arranged at the upper and lower parts of the second cooling section 6. The first water-cooling pipe 41 and the second water-cooling pipe 61 are both fin-type water-cooling pipes. Heat exchange and cooling are completed by cooling water to the first water-cooling pipe 41 and the second water-cooling pipe 61 and the hot atmosphere in the furnace, thereby improving the cooling efficiency in the furnace.
[0032] Preferably, the internal circulation cooling device 62 also includes a valve 625, a flow fan 623 and an air supply duct 627. The valve 625 is arranged at the air inlet end of the heat exchanger 622. One end of the flow fan 623 is connected to the heat exchanger 622, and the other end of the flow fan 623 is connected to the second cooling section 6 via the air supply duct 627. The valve 625 is an electric valve for controlling the flow of the internal circulation hot atmosphere. The flow fan 623 is used to actively control the air volume, so as to ensure the degree and efficiency of cooling. In the second cooling section 6, the internal circulation is used for exhaust heat exchange, and the entire circulation system is fully closed, which can increase the exhaust circulation volume of the atmosphere in the furnace, so as to achieve the effect of rapid cooling. The internal circulation method has small pressure fluctuations and does not inhale external air, and the cooling efficiency is extremely high.
[0033] Preferably, the internal circulation cooling device 62 also includes a first temperature sensor 624 and a second temperature sensor 626. The first temperature sensor 624 is arranged at the air inlet end of the heat exchanger 622, and the second temperature sensor 626 is arranged at the air outlet end of the heat exchanger 622, and is used to monitor the ambient temperature entering the heat exchanger 622 and the ambient temperature exiting the heat exchanger 622, respectively, to accurately control the temperature change of the second cooling section 6, to ensure that the product cooling meets the requirements, and to improve the yield and quality of the product.
[0034] More preferably, the heat exchanger 622 uses water cooling for heat exchange. A water inlet and a water outlet are provided on the heat exchanger 622. The cooling water introduced from the outside of the heat exchanger 622 takes away the heat of the hot atmosphere in the furnace. The water cooling heat exchange has high efficiency in cooling and is not easy to mix into the furnace with air.
[0035] More preferably, the flow fan 623 adopts variable frequency control, which can accurately adjust the circulation flow of the atmosphere and achieve accurate temperature control.
[0036] More preferably, the air supply duct 627 is connected to the lower part of the second cooling section 6, and the atmosphere after heat exchange is sent into the second cooling section 6 to reduce the temperature in the furnace. The atmosphere absorbs heat and is then sent into the heat exchanger 622 through the second exhaust duct 621 at the upper part for cooling. The circulation is smooth and the cooling efficiency is high.
[0037] Furthermore, it also includes a ventilation section 5, which is arranged between the first cooling section 4 and the second cooling section 6. A sealing structure is provided between the ventilation section 5 and the first cooling section 4 and the second cooling section 6, so that the first cooling section 4 and the second cooling section 6 are separated to prevent the atmospheres of different temperatures and different pressures from affecting each other and reducing the quality of the product.
[0038] Furthermore, the ventilation section 5 includes a ventilation chamber 51, a first sealed gate 52 and a second sealed gate 53. One end of the ventilation chamber 51 is connected to the first cooling section 4, and the other end of the ventilation chamber 51 is connected to the second cooling section 6. The first sealed gate 52 is arranged between the ventilation chamber 51 and the first cooling section 4, and the second sealed gate 53 is arranged between the ventilation chamber 51 and the second cooling section 6. The ventilation chamber 51 is provided with an air inlet and an exhaust port for introducing inert gas to replace the atmosphere in the furnace, reduce the temperature and discharge possible air to prevent excessive oxidation of the product during the cooling process. The first sealed gate 52 and the second sealed gate 53 are used for separation to prevent the hot atmosphere from being transferred between different sections and affecting the rapid firing of the product.
[0039] Embodiment 2
[0040] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 The present embodiment also discloses a kiln, comprising a segmented cooling system, a heating section 1, a heat preservation section 2, a slow cooling section 3, an inlet displacement chamber 8 and an outlet displacement chamber 7, wherein the inlet displacement chamber 8 is connected to the heating section 1, the heating section 1 is connected to the heat preservation section 2, the heat preservation section 2 is connected to the slow cooling section 3, the slow cooling section 3 is connected to the segmented cooling system, and the segmented cooling system is connected to the outlet displacement chamber 7.
[0041] See also Figure 4 A roller conveyor is provided in the kiln, and saggers are stacked on the roller conveyor, which drives the saggers forward to complete the sintering of materials. In order to increase the processing capacity of the kiln, the saggers are stacked into a sagger array 9 with multiple layers and columns to maximize the use of the space in the kiln and improve production efficiency.
[0042] Preferably, a heating device 106 is provided in both the temperature rising section 1 and the heat preservation section 2, and a protective layer 107 is provided on the heating device 106. The heating device 106 is an electric heating element, and the protective layer 107 is a quartz tube shell. The use of electric heating can reduce the smoke in the furnace and accurately control the sintering temperature in the furnace, thereby improving the sintering quality of the product.
[0043] Preferably, the kiln includes a furnace shell 101, an insulation layer 102 is provided on the inner wall of the furnace shell 101, a conveying roller 103 is provided in the furnace shell 101 for transporting the sagger, a heating device 106 is provided above and below the sagger for multi-directional heating of the material in the sagger to improve the heating efficiency, a transmission device is provided at both ends of the conveying roller 103, the transmission device is in a sealed cavity 104, a gas inlet 105 is provided on the sealed cavity 104, an inert gas is input through the gas inlet 105, the transmission device and the ends of the conveying roller 103 are protected, and external air is prevented from entering the furnace and affecting the sintering quality of the positive and negative electrode materials.
[0044] Preferably, a smoke exhaust device 11 is provided at the top of the heating section 1, and the smoke exhaust device 11 includes a smoke exhaust pipe 111 and a smoke exhaust fan 112. One end of the smoke exhaust pipe 111 is connected to the smoke exhaust fan 112, and the other end is connected to the interior of the heating section 1, and is used to actively exhaust the smoke generated during the sintering of the positive and negative electrode materials to prevent the smoke from affecting the sintering quality.
[0045] The working process of the kiln is as follows:
[0046] The saggers are stacked into a sagger array 9 and enter the entrance replacement chamber 8. After the air is exhausted from the entrance replacement chamber 8, they are transported by rollers to the heating section 1 for heating. After being heated to a certain degree, the sagger array 9 enters the insulation section 2 for insulation. After the insulation is completed, the sagger array 9 moves to the slow cooling section 3 for cooling, and then enters the first cooling section 4 from the slow cooling section 3. The external cooling air passes through the cooling jacket 424 and the hot atmosphere in the furnace is exchanged with heat and cooled by non-contact heat conduction. When the temperature in the furnace drops to a certain degree, the sagger array 9 enters the ventilation chamber 51 through the first sealing gate 52. After the ventilation chamber 51 is closed, nitrogen is filled in for ventilation. After the ventilation is completed, the sagger array 9 moves to the second cooling section 6 and the heat cycle in the furnace is circulated through the heat exchanger 622 for heat exchange, thereby ensuring that the pressure fluctuation in the sintering process of the positive and negative electrode materials of the lithium battery is small and the temperature drops rapidly. Then the sagger array 9 enters the outlet replacement chamber 7 and moves to the outside to complete the overall sintering process.
[0047] According to the disclosure and teaching of the above description, those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs may also change and modify the above embodiments. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and changes of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention. In addition, although some specific terms are used in this specification, these terms are only for the convenience of description and do not constitute any limitation to the present invention.
Claims
1. A segmented cooling system, comprising a first cooling segment (4) and a second cooling segment (6), wherein the first cooling segment (4) is connected to the second cooling segment (6), characterized in that: The first cooling section (4) is provided with an external circulation cooling device (42), the external circulation cooling device (42) comprising an exhaust fan (422), a first exhaust pipe (421), an air intake pipe (423) and a cooling jacket (424), one end of the first exhaust pipe (421) is connected to the exhaust fan (422), the other end of the first exhaust pipe (421) is communicated with the cooling jacket (424), the air intake pipe (423) is communicated with the cooling jacket (424), the cooling jacket (424) is arranged in the first cooling section (4), the second cooling section (6) is provided with an internal circulation cooling device (62), the internal circulation cooling device (62) comprises a second exhaust pipe (621) and a heat exchanger (622), one end of the second exhaust pipe (621) is communicated with the second cooling section (6), and the other end of the second exhaust pipe (621) is communicated with the second cooling section (6).
2. The segmented cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first water cooling pipe (41) is provided in the first cooling section (4), and the first water cooling pipe (41) is arranged at the upper and lower parts of the first cooling section (4); a second water cooling pipe (62) is provided in the second cooling section (6), and the second water cooling pipe (62) is arranged at the upper and lower parts of the second cooling section (6).
3. The segmented cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal circulation cooling device (62) also includes a valve (625), a flow fan (623) and an air supply duct (627), wherein the valve (625) is arranged at the air inlet end of the heat exchanger (622), one end of the flow fan (623) is connected to the heat exchanger (622), and the other end of the flow fan (623) is connected to the second cooling section (6) via the air supply duct (627).
4. The segmented cooling system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The internal circulation cooling device (62) further comprises a first temperature sensor (624) and a second temperature sensor (626), wherein the first temperature sensor (624) is arranged at the air inlet end of the heat exchanger (622), and the second temperature sensor (626) is arranged at the air outlet end of the heat exchanger (622).
5. The segmented cooling system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat exchanger (622) adopts water cooling for heat exchange, and a water inlet and a water outlet are provided on the heat exchanger (622).
6. The segmented cooling system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flow fan (623) is controlled by variable frequency.
7. The segmented cooling system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air supply duct (627) is connected to the lower part of the second cooling section (6).
8. The segmented cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It also comprises a ventilation section (5), wherein the ventilation section (5) is arranged between the first cooling section (4) and the second cooling section (6).
9. The segmented cooling system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The ventilation section (5) comprises a ventilation chamber (51), a first sealing gate (52) and a second sealing gate (53); one end of the ventilation chamber (51) is connected to the first cooling section (4), and the other end of the ventilation chamber (51) is connected to the second cooling section (6); the first sealing gate (52) is arranged between the ventilation chamber (51) and the first cooling section (4), and the second sealing gate (53) is arranged between the ventilation chamber (51) and the second cooling section (6); and the ventilation chamber (51) is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet.
10. A kiln, characterized in that: It comprises the segmented cooling system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, a heating section (1), a heat preservation section (2), a slow cooling section (3), an inlet displacement chamber (8) and an outlet displacement chamber (7), wherein the inlet displacement chamber (8) is connected to the heating section (1), the heating section (1) is connected to the heat preservation section (2), the heat preservation section (2) is connected to the slow cooling section (3), the slow cooling section (3) is connected to the segmented cooling system, and the segmented cooling system is connected to the outlet displacement chamber (7).