Power transmission line icing data acquisition method and data acquisition system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of online monitoring, in particular to a power transmission line icing data acquisition method and a data acquisition system. The power transmission line icing data acquisition method comprises the following steps: configuring an image acquisition power supply line and a meteorological acquisition power supply line, presetting a default acquisition state, responding to electrification of the meteorological acquisition power supply line, obtaining icing-associated micro-meteorological data in an environment where the power transmission line is located, and if the micro-meteorological data meets a critical icing condition, determining that the power transmission line is iced. And starting and acquiring an icing image of the power transmission line. The data acquisition system comprises a power supply module, a control module, a meteorological sensing module and an image acquisition module. According to the invention, power supply is carried out in the set mode, so that the equipment for acquiring the icing image of the power transmission line is always in a dormant state when the icing phenomenon of the power transmission line does not occur, thereby greatly reducing the power consumption and avoiding the situation of insufficient solar power supply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of online monitoring, and in particular to a method and a system for collecting ice-covered data on a power transmission line. Background Art

[0002] Transmission lines are the main means of electric energy transportation, and their stability also affects the stability of electric energy supply to a certain extent. At present, there are still many factors threatening the safety of the power system, one of which is the risk of icing on transmission lines. my country is a country that often suffers from icing disasters on transmission lines. Under the influence of certain environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and wind direction, icing on transmission lines often occurs. Therefore, in order to ensure the normal and stable operation of the power system, prevent and reduce the impact of icing disasters on overhead transmission lines, it is of certain practical significance and application value to monitor the real-time thickness of icing on transmission lines and predict the development trend of icing, so that managers can grasp the on-site conditions and development trends of icing in real time, ensure that emergency response measures such as artificial deicing and charging ice melting are based on evidence, and effectively curb icing disasters in a timely manner.

[0003] In order to understand the icing situation of transmission lines in real time and take corresponding de-icing measures, the power department must effectively monitor the icing situation of overhead transmission lines. The current common monitoring method is to install cameras near the transmission lines and transmit the icing pictures of the transmission lines in real time through the cameras. However, since the cameras installed near the transmission lines are usually powered by solar cells, they will be insufficiently powered when they work continuously for a long time or in special weather conditions. Once the camera loses power, it will be impossible to monitor and predict the icing situation of the transmission lines in a timely and effective manner. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a method and system for collecting data on ice coating on a power transmission line, so as to solve the problem of insufficient power supply caused by the limitation of solar power supply in the data collection of ice coating on the power transmission line in the prior art.

[0005] The present invention discloses a method for collecting ice coverage data of a power transmission line, comprising: Configure power supply circuits, including image acquisition power supply circuits and meteorological acquisition power supply circuits; According to a preset default acquisition state, the image acquisition power supply circuit is controlled to be powered off, and the meteorological acquisition power supply circuit is powered on; In response to the meteorological collection power supply line being powered on, micro-meteorological data associated with icing in the environment where the transmission line is located is obtained, and the obtained micro-meteorological data is uploaded to an icing prediction system; Determining whether a preset critical icing condition is met according to the acquired micro-meteorological data, and if the micro-meteorological data meets the critical icing condition, controlling the image acquisition power supply circuit to be energized; In response to the image acquisition power supply line being powered on, an ice-covered image of the transmission line is acquired, and the acquired ice-covered image is processed and analyzed before being uploaded to an ice-covered monitoring system.

[0006] Optionally, the method of determining whether a preset critical icing condition is met based on the acquired micrometeorological data includes: Determine, according to the historical icing meteorological data of the transmission line, micro-meteorological parameters associated with icing and icing threshold ranges corresponding to the micro-meteorological parameters, wherein the micro-meteorological parameters include temperature parameters, humidity parameters, wind speed parameters, and wind direction parameters; When the acquired temperature data corresponds to the ice threshold range determined by the temperature parameter, determining that the first condition is met; When the acquired humidity data corresponds to the ice threshold range determined by the humidity parameter, determining that the second condition is met; When the acquired wind speed data corresponds to the ice threshold range determined by the wind speed parameter, it is determined that the third condition is met; When the acquired wind direction data corresponds to the ice cover threshold range determined by the wind direction parameter, it is determined that the fourth condition is met; When the first condition, the second condition, the third condition and the fourth condition are all met, it is determined that the acquired micrometeorological data meets the critical icing condition.

[0007] Optionally, a configuration method for critical icing conditions is also included: According to the historical icing meteorological data of the transmission line, a corresponding icing threshold range is configured for the micro-meteorological parameter; When the ice covering monitoring system fails to detect the ice covering state from the acquired ice covering image, the operation and maintenance personnel manually input an ice covering threshold parameter adjustment instruction according to the current micro-meteorological data, and reconfigure the ice covering threshold range in response to the input of the ice covering threshold parameter adjustment instruction; or If the acquired micrometeorological data does not meet the preset critical icing conditions, but the icing prediction system predicts the icing status based on the acquired micrometeorological data, the operation and maintenance personnel manually input the icing threshold adjustment instruction according to the current micrometeorological data, and reconfigure the icing threshold range in response to the input of the icing threshold adjustment instruction.

[0008] Optionally, an ice cover warning prediction method is also included: In response to determining that the acquired micro-meteorological data meets the critical icing condition, generating warning information and uploading it to the icing prediction system; According to the received warning information, the icing prediction system generates icing degree prediction information according to the currently uploaded micro-meteorological data.

[0009] Optionally, the method of acquiring, processing and analyzing the ice-covered image and uploading it to the ice-covered monitoring system comprises: In response to the acquisition of the ice-covered image, preprocessing the acquired ice-covered image; According to the pre-stored image of the transmission line when it is not covered with ice, identifying and analyzing the pre-processed ice-covered image; The ice thickness of the transmission line is determined according to the analysis result, and ice status information is generated and uploaded to the ice monitoring system.

[0010] Optionally, a manual control method of the image acquisition power supply circuit is also included: In response to the input start-up instruction, controlling the image acquisition power supply circuit to be powered on; In response to the input sleep instruction, the image acquisition power supply circuit is controlled to be powered off.

[0011] The present invention also discloses a data acquisition system, which is applied to the above-mentioned transmission line ice coverage data acquisition method, comprising: A power module, used to configure the power supply circuit of the power supply, including the image acquisition power supply circuit and the meteorological acquisition power supply circuit; A control module, electrically connected to the power supply module, for controlling the image acquisition power supply circuit to be powered off and the meteorological acquisition power supply circuit to be powered on according to a preset default acquisition state; A meteorological sensor module, electrically connected to the power supply module, for obtaining micro-meteorological data associated with icing in the environment where the transmission line is located in response to the power supply line being powered on, and uploading the obtained micro-meteorological data to an icing prediction system; The meteorological sensor module is also electrically connected to the control module, so that the control module determines whether a preset critical icing condition is met according to the acquired micro-meteorological data, and controls the image acquisition power supply circuit to be energized if the micro-meteorological data meets the critical icing condition; The image acquisition module is electrically connected to the power supply module, and is used to acquire the ice-covered image of the transmission line in response to the image acquisition power supply circuit being powered on, and upload the acquired ice-covered image to the ice-covered monitoring system after processing and analyzing the acquired ice-covered image.

[0012] Optionally, the power supply module includes a solar power generation unit, a power storage unit and a charge and discharge control unit, the solar power generation unit is electrically connected to the control module, the meteorological sensor module and the image acquisition module, respectively, the input end of the charge and discharge control unit is electrically connected to the solar power generation unit, and the output end of the charge and discharge control unit is electrically connected to the power storage unit, and the power storage unit is electrically connected to the control module, the meteorological sensor module and the image acquisition module, respectively.

[0013] Optionally, the meteorological sensing module includes a temperature sensing unit, a humidity sensing unit and a wind speed and direction sensing unit; The temperature sensing unit comprises a metal tube, and a temperature sensing grating encapsulated in the metal tube in a natural stress-free state; The humidity sensing unit comprises a metal shell, and a double grating component encapsulated in the metal shell, a surface of the metal shell is provided with a plurality of air holes, and the double grating component comprises a humidity sensing grating and a temperature compensation grating; The wind speed and direction sensing unit comprises a bracket, and a wind cup and a wind vane arranged on the bracket, and both the wind cup and the wind vane are provided with optical fiber gratings.

[0014] Optionally, the image acquisition module includes a camera unit and an image processing unit, the camera unit includes a pan-tilt head and a camera device arranged on the pan-tilt head, and the image processing unit is electrically connected to the camera device for receiving the ice-covered image acquired by the camera device and identifying the ice-covered state.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the transmission line ice coverage data collection method and data collection system provided by the embodiment of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: In the preset default acquisition state, that is, when the transmission line is not covered with ice, the image acquisition power supply line is not powered, so that the device for acquiring the transmission line ice image is in a dormant state. At this time, only the meteorological acquisition power supply line is powered, so that the device for acquiring micro-meteorological data is always in working state. By uploading the acquired micro-meteorological data to the ice prediction system, it is helpful for operation and maintenance personnel to timely discover potential meteorological disaster factors that affect the safe operation of the transmission line. Only when the acquired meteorological data meets the preset critical ice conditions, the image acquisition power supply line is controlled to be powered on, and then the ice image of the transmission line is acquired in real time, and uploaded to the ice monitoring system after processing and analysis, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can understand the real-time ice situation of the transmission line, so as to take corresponding anti-icing and de-icing measures in time. Therefore, by supplying power in the set mode, the device for acquiring the transmission line ice image is always in a dormant state when the transmission line ice phenomenon does not occur, thereby greatly reducing power consumption and avoiding insufficient solar power supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which: Figure 1 A schematic block diagram of the steps of a method for collecting ice coverage data on a power transmission line provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic block diagram of a process for starting the acquisition of an ice-covered image of a power transmission line provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a data acquisition system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] The reference numerals in the figures are: 1. Power module; 2. Control module; 3. Meteorological sensor module; 4. Image acquisition module; 5. Ice prediction system; 6. Ice monitoring system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. Now, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.

[0019] The present invention discloses a method for collecting ice coverage data of a power transmission line. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, including: S1. Configure the power supply circuit of the power supply, including the image acquisition power supply circuit and the meteorological acquisition power supply circuit; S2. According to the preset default acquisition state, the image acquisition power supply circuit is powered off, and the meteorological acquisition power supply circuit is powered on; S3, in response to the meteorological collection power supply line being powered on, obtaining micro-meteorological data associated with icing in the environment where the transmission line is located, and uploading the obtained micro-meteorological data to the icing prediction system; S4. judging whether the preset critical icing condition is met according to the acquired micro-meteorological data; if the micro-meteorological data meets the critical icing condition, controlling the image acquisition power supply circuit to be energized; S5. In response to the image acquisition power supply line being powered on, an ice-covered image of the transmission line is acquired, and the acquired ice-covered image is processed and analyzed and uploaded to an ice-covered monitoring system.

[0020] Through the implementation of the above-mentioned transmission line icing data collection method, in the preset default collection state, that is, when the transmission line icing phenomenon does not occur, the image acquisition power supply line is controlled not to supply power, so that the device for obtaining the transmission line icing image is in a dormant state. At this time, only the meteorological collection power supply line is powered, so that the device that only obtains micro-meteorological data is always in a working state. By uploading the real-time micro-meteorological data to the icing prediction system, it is helpful for operation and maintenance personnel to timely discover potential meteorological disaster factors that affect the safe operation of the transmission line. Only when the acquired meteorological data meets the preset critical icing conditions, the image acquisition power supply line is controlled to be energized, and the icing image of the transmission line is obtained in real time at this time, and after processing and analysis, it is uploaded to the icing monitoring system, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can understand the real-time icing situation of the transmission line, so as to take corresponding anti-icing and deicing measures in time, and avoid the situation where the icing is not discovered in time. Therefore, by distributing power supply in the set mode, the efficient collection of transmission line icing data is ensured, that is, the device for obtaining the transmission line icing image is always in a dormant state when the transmission line icing phenomenon does not occur, thereby greatly reducing power consumption and avoiding insufficient solar power supply.

[0021] Furthermore, the method for determining whether the preset critical icing condition is met according to the acquired micrometeorological data includes: According to the historical icing meteorological data of the transmission line, the micro-meteorological parameters associated with icing and the icing threshold range corresponding to the micro-meteorological parameters are determined, and the micro-meteorological parameters include temperature parameters, humidity parameters, wind speed parameters and wind direction parameters; When the acquired temperature data corresponds to the ice threshold range determined by the temperature parameter, it is determined that the first condition is met; When the acquired humidity data corresponds to the ice threshold range determined by the humidity parameter, it is determined that the second condition is met; When the acquired wind speed data corresponds to the ice threshold range determined by the wind speed parameter, it is determined that the third condition is met; When the acquired wind direction data corresponds to the ice cover threshold range determined by the wind direction parameter, it is determined that the fourth condition is met; When the first condition, the second condition, the third condition and the fourth condition are all met, it is determined that the acquired micrometeorological data meets the critical icing condition.

[0022] Through the implementation of the above-mentioned transmission line icing data collection method, in the micro-meteorological parameters, the critical icing condition refers to a specific meteorological state, in which the temperature, humidity, wind speed and wind direction in the atmosphere reach the critical value that causes icing on the surface of the transmission line. The four conditions are analyzed to determine whether the micro-meteorological data obtained meets the critical icing condition: The first condition involves whether the temperature of the environment where the transmission line is located corresponds to the ice threshold range of the temperature parameter. If it corresponds, it is determined that the water vapor in the environment where the transmission line is located is likely to be deposited in the form of ice crystals; The second condition involves whether the relative humidity of the environment where the transmission line is located corresponds to the ice threshold range of the humidity parameter. If so, it is determined that the water vapor content in the environment where the transmission line is located is high enough to easily freeze on the surface of the object; The third condition involves whether the wind speed of the environment where the transmission line is located corresponds to the ice threshold range of the wind speed parameter. If it corresponds, it is determined that the water vapor in the air is more likely to condense into ice on the surface of the transmission line at the current wind speed; The fourth condition involves whether the wind direction of the environment where the transmission line is located corresponds to the icing threshold range of the wind direction parameter. If it corresponds, it is determined that the current wind direction may accelerate the evaporative cooling of the surface of the transmission line, reduce the surface temperature, and thus increase the possibility of icing.

[0023] Therefore, if the acquired micro-meteorological data satisfies the above four conditions at the same time, it can be judged that the environmental conditions indicated by these data meet the critical icing conditions, so as to trigger subsequent warnings and remind operation and maintenance personnel to take preventive measures to avoid risks such as power transmission line failures caused by icing. Preferably, the icing threshold ranges corresponding to the temperature parameters, humidity parameters, wind speed parameters and wind direction parameters are shown in the transmission line critical icing condition table: Transmission line critical icing conditions table

[0024] Furthermore, it also includes a configuration method for critical icing conditions: According to the historical icing meteorological data of the transmission line, the corresponding icing threshold range is configured for the micro-meteorological parameters; When the icing monitoring system fails to detect the icing state from the acquired icing image, the operation and maintenance personnel manually input an icing threshold parameter adjustment instruction according to the current micro-meteorological data, and reconfigure the icing threshold range in response to the input of the icing threshold parameter adjustment instruction; or If the acquired micrometeorological data does not meet the preset critical icing conditions, but the icing prediction system predicts the icing status based on the acquired micrometeorological data, the operation and maintenance personnel manually input the icing threshold adjustment instruction according to the current micrometeorological data, and reconfigure the icing threshold range in response to the input of the icing threshold adjustment instruction.

[0025] Through the implementation of the above-mentioned transmission line icing data collection method, the icing threshold range configured for the micro-meteorological parameters can be set according to the historical icing meteorological data of the transmission line, and can be adjusted according to the actual and predicted icing status of the transmission line. By setting reasonable critical icing conditions, online monitoring can be accurately started when icing occurs on the transmission line, further reducing the power consumption of the equipment used to obtain the icing image of the transmission line, improving the stability of solar power supply, and ensuring the stable monitoring of the icing status of the transmission line. At the same time, it helps to timely warn of possible icing events and reduce transmission line failures and safety accidents caused by icing.

[0026] The preferred implementation includes: the operation and maintenance personnel can manually input the ice threshold adjustment instruction through the system preset user interface. The ice threshold adjustment instruction may include increasing the ice threshold range of specific meteorological parameters, adjusting the parameters of the ice detection algorithm, etc. That is, the operation and maintenance personnel can view the current micro-meteorological data, ice monitoring results, and ice prediction results through the user interface. After determining the ice threshold range that may need to be adjusted, for example, if the temperature is between -1°C and 3°C and ice detection is not triggered, it may be necessary to lower the ice threshold range corresponding to the temperature parameter. By finding the ice threshold adjustment function on the user interface, enter the new ice threshold range setting. After submitting the ice threshold adjustment instruction, the system reconfigures the ice monitoring algorithm according to the new ice threshold range.

[0027] Furthermore, it also includes an ice cover warning prediction method: In response to determining that the acquired micro-meteorological data meets critical icing conditions, generating warning information and uploading it to an icing prediction system; Based on the received warning information, the icing prediction system generates icing degree prediction information based on the currently uploaded micro-meteorological data.

[0028] Through the implementation of the above-mentioned transmission line icing data collection method, the warning information may include icing warning levels, such as low icing, medium icing or high icing. After receiving the warning information, the icing prediction system uses the currently uploaded micro-meteorological data as model input data and updates the prediction model to more accurately predict the icing situation. At the same time, an alarm is sent to the operation and maintenance personnel. In this way, the micro-meteorological data can be monitored in real time, and an early warning will be issued once the icing conditions are met, and the operation and maintenance personnel will be notified in advance to take preventive measures to reduce transmission line failures and accidents caused by icing and ensure the stable operation of the power system.

[0029] Furthermore, the method of acquiring the ice cover image and processing and analyzing it and uploading it to the ice cover monitoring system includes: In response to the acquisition of the ice-covered image, preprocessing the acquired ice-covered image; According to the pre-stored image of the transmission line when it is not covered with ice, the pre-processed ice-covered image is identified and analyzed; The ice thickness of the transmission line is determined based on the analysis results, and the ice status information is generated and uploaded to the ice monitoring system.

[0030] Through the implementation of the above-mentioned transmission line icing data collection method, the acquired icing images are preprocessed to improve the image quality and facilitate subsequent analysis. Preprocessing may include image denoising, image enhancement, image cropping, and image registration. Among them, image cropping is used to retain only the parts related to the transmission line and remove irrelevant background; image registration is used to ensure the consistency of coordinate systems between different images. Using the pre-stored image of the transmission line when it is not covered with ice as a reference, features that are helpful for identification, such as color, texture, shape, etc., are extracted from the acquired icing image, and machine learning or deep learning algorithms are applied to compare the extracted features with the image of the transmission line when it is not covered with ice to identify the icing situation. And based on the results of the recognition analysis, the icing thickness of the transmission line is estimated. The generated icing status information is then uploaded to the icing monitoring system for real-time viewing and analysis by operation and maintenance personnel. Through image processing and recognition technology, the icing situation can be monitored and evaluated more accurately, which helps to take preventive measures in time to avoid transmission line failures caused by icing, and can reduce unnecessary inspections and deicing operations.

[0031] Furthermore, it also includes a manual control method of the image acquisition power supply circuit: In response to the input start-up instruction, controlling the image acquisition power supply circuit to be powered on; In response to the input sleep instruction, the image acquisition power supply circuit is controlled to be powered off.

[0032] By implementing the above-mentioned transmission line icing data collection method, the operation and maintenance personnel can manually start the device for obtaining the transmission line icing image at any time to view the icing status of the transmission line in real time, so as to find potential problems in time. When the icing risk is eliminated, the operation and maintenance personnel manually shut down the device for obtaining the transmission line icing image, so that the device for obtaining the transmission line icing image enters the dormant state again and waits for the next start-up instruction, so as to greatly reduce power consumption and avoid insufficient solar power supply.

[0033] The present invention also discloses a data acquisition system, which is applied to the above-mentioned transmission line ice coverage data acquisition method, such as Figure 3 As shown, including: Power supply module 1, used to configure the power supply circuit of the power supply, including the image acquisition power supply circuit and the meteorological acquisition power supply circuit; The control module 2 is electrically connected to the power supply module 1 and is used to control the image acquisition power supply circuit to be powered off and the meteorological acquisition power supply circuit to be powered on according to a preset default acquisition state; The meteorological sensor module 3 is electrically connected to the power supply module 1, and is used to respond to the power supply line of the meteorological collection, obtain the micro-meteorological data associated with ice in the environment where the transmission line is located, and upload the obtained micro-meteorological data to the ice prediction system 5; The meteorological sensor module 3 is also electrically connected to the control module 2, and is used for the control module 2 to determine whether the preset critical icing condition is met according to the acquired micro-meteorological data, and if the micro-meteorological data meets the critical icing condition, the image acquisition power supply circuit is energized; The image acquisition module 4 is electrically connected to the power supply module 1, and is used to obtain an ice-covered image of the transmission line in response to the image acquisition power supply line being powered on, and upload the obtained ice-covered image to the ice-covered monitoring system 6 after processing and analyzing the obtained ice-covered image.

[0034] Through the implementation of the above data acquisition system, when the icing phenomenon of the transmission line does not occur, the image acquisition module 4 is dormant. At this time, the power module 1 only supplies power to the control module 2 and the meteorological sensor module 3, and controls the meteorological sensor module 3 to always be in working state. The operation and maintenance personnel can adjust the critical icing conditions of the meteorological sensor module 3 at any time through the control module 2, and can also manually start or shut down the image acquisition module 4 at any time to monitor the operation status of the transmission line in real time. The meteorological sensor module 3 continuously monitors the four meteorological parameters of temperature, humidity, wind speed and wind direction in the transmission line environment through the sensor array, and sends the measurement results to the icing prediction system 5 in real time, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can timely discover the potential meteorological disaster factors that affect the safe operation of the transmission line. When the measured micro-meteorological data meets the critical icing conditions, the image acquisition module 4 is automatically started, and the power module 1 is controlled to supply power to the image acquisition module 4. The image acquisition module 4 obtains the icing image of the transmission line in real time through online monitoring, and transmits the icing image to the icing monitoring system 6 after processing and analysis, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can understand the real-time icing situation of the transmission line and take corresponding anti-icing and deicing measures in time. When the risk of icing is eliminated, the maintenance personnel manually shut down the image acquisition module 4 through the control module 2, and the image acquisition module 4 enters the dormant state again and waits for the next start-up instruction. Thus, by distributing power supply under specific conditions, the image acquisition module 4 is always in the dormant state when the transmission line is not covered with ice, thereby greatly reducing power consumption and avoiding insufficient solar power supply.

[0035] Furthermore, the power module 1 includes a solar power generation unit, a power storage unit and a charge and discharge control unit, and the solar power generation unit is electrically connected to the control module, the meteorological sensor module and the image acquisition module respectively. The input end of the charge and discharge control unit is electrically connected to the solar power generation unit, and the output end of the charge and discharge control unit is electrically connected to the power storage unit. The power storage unit is electrically connected to the control module, the meteorological sensor module and the image acquisition module respectively.

[0036] Through the implementation of the above data acquisition system, the solar power generation unit is a part that converts solar energy into electrical energy using the solar photovoltaic effect, and is composed of multiple photovoltaic panels. The charge and discharge control unit is the intelligent part of the power module, including a battery management system (BMS), which is used to monitor the status of the battery, such as voltage, current, temperature and remaining capacity, and is responsible for managing the charge and discharge process of the battery, which can ensure that the storage unit is charged at a suitable voltage and current to avoid overcharging and over-discharging, so as to extend the service life of the storage unit. The storage unit is composed of a battery pack, which is used to store the electrical energy generated by the solar power generation unit through the charge and discharge control unit. At the same time, a stable power output can be provided to provide energy for the control module 2, the meteorological sensor module 3 and the image acquisition module 4 when the solar power generation unit is at night, on cloudy days or when it cannot generate enough electrical energy. The storage unit is preferably a lead-acid battery, a lithium-ion battery, a nickel-hydrogen battery or other types of rechargeable batteries. In addition, since the image acquisition module is started only when the acquired micro-meteorological data determines whether the preset critical icing conditions are met, the monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panel used in the solar power generation unit in the embodiment of the present invention is small in area, which greatly reduces the construction difficulty.

[0037] Furthermore, the meteorological sensing module 3 includes a temperature sensing unit, a humidity sensing unit and a wind speed and direction sensing unit. The temperature sensing unit includes a metal tube and a temperature sensing grating encapsulated in the metal tube in a natural stress-free state. The humidity sensing unit includes a metal shell and a double grating assembly encapsulated in the metal shell, the surface of the metal shell is provided with a plurality of air holes, and the double grating assembly includes a humidity sensing grating and a temperature compensation grating. The wind speed and direction sensing unit includes a bracket, and a wind cup and a wind vane arranged on the bracket, and both the wind cup and the wind vane are provided with a fiber Bragg grating.

[0038] Through the implementation of the above data acquisition system, for the temperature sensing unit, the metal tube is the packaging part of the temperature sensing unit, which is used to protect the temperature sensing grating from the external environment, and the metal tube can effectively transmit the external temperature change to the temperature sensing grating. The principle is: when the ambient temperature changes, the physical size of the temperature sensing grating will change with the temperature change, which will cause its Bragg wavelength to change. Therefore, by monitoring the changes in the reflection spectrum of the temperature sensing grating, the temperature data of the environment where the transmission line is located can be obtained based on algorithm processing.

[0039] For the humidity sensing unit, the metal shell provides a protective and stable structural environment for the humidity sensing unit, and uses the air holes on the metal shell to allow air to circulate, so as to facilitate the measurement of humidity by the dual grating assembly. The principle is: by using the deformation of the humidity sensing grating under the change of humidity, by monitoring the change of the reflection spectrum of the humidity sensing grating, the humidity data of the environment where the transmission line is located can be obtained based on algorithm processing. The temperature compensation grating is set to be in a natural extension state at all times, which is used to perform temperature compensation on the humidity sensing grating, thereby improving the accuracy of humidity measurement.

[0040] For the wind speed and direction sensing unit, the wind cup is a key component for wind speed measurement. It consists of two or three mutually perpendicular cup-shaped structures. When the wind blows through the wind cup, the rotation speed of the wind cup is proportional to the wind speed. The principle is: the rotation of the wind cup drives the connected fiber grating to produce strain, so that by monitoring the changes in the fiber grating reflection spectrum on the wind cup, the wind speed data of the environment where the power transmission line is located can be obtained based on algorithm processing. At the same time, the rotation of the wind vane causes the fiber grating on it to produce different strain patterns. By monitoring the changes in the fiber grating reflection spectrum on the wind vane, the rotation angle of the wind vane can be determined based on algorithm processing, thereby determining the wind direction, providing high-precision and stable wind speed and direction data.

[0041] Furthermore, the image acquisition module 4 includes a camera unit and an image processing unit. The camera unit includes a pan-tilt platform and a camera device disposed on the pan-tilt platform. The image processing unit is electrically connected to the camera device and is used to receive the ice-covered image acquired by the camera device and identify the ice-covered state.

[0042] Through the implementation of the above data acquisition system, the camera device is preferably a spherical camera. By using the setting of the pan / tilt head, the camera angle of the camera device can be adjusted at any time, thereby solving the problem of the mismatch between the installation position of the camera device and the camera requirements to a large extent. And preferably, the camera device can have a zoom function, by scaling the focal length to capture high-quality wire images. Through the combination of pan / tilt head and zoom, the monitoring of the transmission line can be achieved to the greatest extent. Even if there is a lack of good installation positions on site, a relatively good monitoring effect can be achieved in a limited space through pan / tilt head control and focal length change.

[0043] The preferred implementation includes: the camera device is installed on the transmission tower and shoots the transmission line at a fixed angle, so that the camera device will not change due to ice coating and dancing of the wire, so as to accurately calculate the ice coating thickness through the comparison analysis of two pictures before and after ice coating. At the same time, the image resolution of the camera device must ensure that the image can clearly show the edge contour of the transmission line before and after ice coating.

[0044] It should be understood that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. For those skilled in the art, the technical solutions described in the above embodiments can be modified, or some of the technical features therein can be replaced by equivalents; and all these modifications and replacements should fall within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for collecting ice coverage data of a power transmission line, characterized in that: The transmission line icing data collection method comprises: Configure power supply circuits, including image acquisition power supply circuits and meteorological acquisition power supply circuits; According to a preset default acquisition state, the image acquisition power supply circuit is controlled to be powered off, and the meteorological acquisition power supply circuit is powered on; In response to the meteorological collection power supply line being powered on, micro-meteorological data associated with icing in the environment where the transmission line is located is obtained, and the obtained micro-meteorological data is uploaded to an icing prediction system; Determining whether a preset critical icing condition is met according to the acquired micro-meteorological data, and if the micro-meteorological data meets the critical icing condition, controlling the image acquisition power supply circuit to be energized; In response to the image acquisition power supply line being powered on, an ice-covered image of the transmission line is acquired, and the acquired ice-covered image is processed and analyzed before being uploaded to an ice-covered monitoring system.

2. The method for collecting ice coverage data of a power transmission line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for determining whether a preset critical icing condition is met based on the acquired micrometeorological data includes: Determine, according to the historical icing meteorological data of the transmission line, micro-meteorological parameters associated with icing and icing threshold ranges corresponding to the micro-meteorological parameters, wherein the micro-meteorological parameters include temperature parameters, humidity parameters, wind speed parameters, and wind direction parameters; When the acquired temperature data corresponds to the ice threshold range determined by the temperature parameter, determining that the first condition is met; When the acquired humidity data corresponds to the ice threshold range determined by the humidity parameter, determining that the second condition is met; When the acquired wind speed data corresponds to the ice threshold range determined by the wind speed parameter, it is determined that the third condition is met; When the acquired wind direction data corresponds to the ice cover threshold range determined by the wind direction parameter, it is determined that the fourth condition is met; When the first condition, the second condition, the third condition and the fourth condition are all met, it is determined that the acquired micrometeorological data meets the critical icing condition.

3. The method for collecting ice coverage data of power transmission lines according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also included is the configuration method for critical icing conditions: According to the historical icing meteorological data of the transmission line, a corresponding icing threshold range is configured for the micro-meteorological parameter; When the ice covering monitoring system fails to detect the ice covering state from the acquired ice covering image, the operation and maintenance personnel manually input an ice covering threshold parameter adjustment instruction according to the current micro-meteorological data, and reconfigure the ice covering threshold range in response to the input of the ice covering threshold parameter adjustment instruction; or If the acquired micrometeorological data does not meet the preset critical icing conditions, but the icing prediction system predicts the icing status based on the acquired micrometeorological data, the operation and maintenance personnel manually input the icing threshold adjustment instruction according to the current micrometeorological data, and reconfigure the icing threshold range in response to the input of the icing threshold adjustment instruction.

4. The method for collecting ice coverage data of a power transmission line according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes ice cover warning and prediction methods: In response to determining that the acquired micro-meteorological data meets the critical icing condition, generating warning information and uploading it to the icing prediction system; According to the received warning information, the icing prediction system generates icing degree prediction information according to the currently uploaded micro-meteorological data.

5. The method for collecting ice coverage data of power transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of acquiring the ice-covered image, processing and analyzing it, and uploading it to the ice-covered monitoring system comprises: In response to the acquisition of the ice-covered image, preprocessing the acquired ice-covered image; According to the pre-stored image of the transmission line when it is not covered with ice, identifying and analyzing the pre-processed ice-covered image; The ice thickness of the transmission line is determined according to the analysis result, and ice status information is generated and uploaded to the ice monitoring system.

6. The method for collecting ice coverage data of power transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a manual control method for the image acquisition power supply circuit: In response to the input start-up instruction, controlling the image acquisition power supply circuit to be powered on; In response to the input sleep instruction, the image acquisition power supply circuit is controlled to be powered off.

7. A data acquisition system, applied to the power transmission line icing data acquisition method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The data acquisition system comprises: A power module, used to configure the power supply circuit of the power supply, including the image acquisition power supply circuit and the meteorological acquisition power supply circuit; A control module, electrically connected to the power supply module, for controlling the image acquisition power supply circuit to be powered off and the meteorological acquisition power supply circuit to be powered on according to a preset default acquisition state; A meteorological sensor module, electrically connected to the power supply module, for obtaining micro-meteorological data associated with icing in the environment where the transmission line is located in response to the energization of the meteorological collection power supply line, and uploading the obtained micro-meteorological data to the icing prediction system; The meteorological sensor module is also electrically connected to the control module, and is used for the control module to determine whether a preset critical icing condition is met according to the acquired micro-meteorological data, and if the micro-meteorological data meets the critical icing condition, control the image acquisition power supply circuit to be energized; The image acquisition module is electrically connected to the power supply module, and is used to acquire the ice-covered image of the transmission line in response to the image acquisition power supply circuit being powered on, and upload the acquired ice-covered image to the ice-covered monitoring system after processing and analyzing the acquired ice-covered image.

8. The data acquisition system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The power supply module includes a solar power generation unit, a power storage unit and a charge and discharge control unit. The solar power generation unit is electrically connected to the control module, the meteorological sensor module and the image acquisition module respectively. The input end of the charge and discharge control unit is electrically connected to the solar power generation unit, and the output end of the charge and discharge control unit is electrically connected to the power storage unit. The power storage unit is electrically connected to the control module, the meteorological sensor module and the image acquisition module respectively.

9. The data acquisition system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The meteorological sensing module includes a temperature sensing unit, a humidity sensing unit and a wind speed and direction sensing unit; The temperature sensing unit comprises a metal tube, and a temperature sensing grating encapsulated in the metal tube in a natural stress-free state; The humidity sensing unit comprises a metal shell, and a double grating component encapsulated in the metal shell, a surface of the metal shell is provided with a plurality of air holes, and the double grating component comprises a humidity sensing grating and a temperature compensation grating; The wind speed and direction sensing unit comprises a bracket, and a wind cup and a wind vane arranged on the bracket, and both the wind cup and the wind vane are provided with optical fiber gratings.

10. The data acquisition system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The image acquisition module includes a camera unit and an image processing unit. The camera unit includes a pan-tilt platform and a camera device arranged on the pan-tilt platform. The image processing unit is electrically connected to the camera device and is used to receive the ice-covered image acquired by the camera device and identify the ice-covered state.

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