Microbial Fumigation Device for Soil Detection

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of soil microorganism detection, and discloses a microbial fumigation device for soil detection, including a fumigation chamber. A partition board is fixedly installed at the bottom inside the fumigation chamber, and the partition board divides the fumigation chamber into a fumigation cavity and an isolation cavity. A central shaft is movably installed at the center position of the top inside the fumigation cavity, and a detection board is movably installed at the middle position of the central shaft through a reciprocating lifting member. Through the setting of the reciprocating lifting member in this application, the soil sample on the detection board can move up and down in the fumigation cavity, increasing the chance of contact between the fumigation gas and the soil surface, thereby improving the effective utilization rate of the fumigant and the fumigation efficiency. The present invention has the characteristics of strong practicability and high fumigation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil microorganism detection, and particularly to a microbial fumigation device for soil detection. Background Art

[0002] Soil microbial fumigation is a technique widely used in the fields of agriculture and environmental science, aiming to control harmful microorganisms, insects, nematodes and other pathogens in the soil by using chemical or biological fumigants. This method is particularly important in agricultural production because it can effectively reduce the occurrence of soil-borne diseases, promote the healthy growth of crops and increase yields.

[0003] Traditional soil microbial fumigation methods usually adopt static fumigation, that is, the fumigant is directly applied to the soil surface or mixed into the soil, and then relies on natural diffusion to achieve the fumigation effect. However, this method has the problem of low fumigation efficiency because the fumigant does not contact the soil sufficiently, resulting in the fumigant not being able to effectively penetrate deep into the soil, affecting the overall fumigation effect.

[0004] For example, the invention patent with the publication number CN104764639B discloses a soil microbial fumigation device and its application. The fumigation main body device is covered by a light-shielding outer cover. The fumigation main body device includes a fumigation sealed cavity, a fumigation soil sample cup device, a temperature control component and a fumigation heating component. The fumigation main body device is connected to a vacuum pump through a gas pipeline to form a system device. However, during the use of this device, the fumigation effect on the soil is mainly achieved by the natural diffusion of the fumigation gas, with low fumigation efficiency and insufficient contact between the fumigant and the soil, resulting in the fumigant not being able to effectively penetrate deep into the soil, affecting the overall fumigation effect. Therefore, it is necessary to design a microbial fumigation device for soil detection with strong practicability and high fumigation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a microbial fumigation device for soil detection to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a microbial fumigation device for soil detection, including a fumigation chamber. A partition board is fixedly installed at the bottom inside the fumigation chamber. The partition board divides the fumigation chamber into a fumigation cavity and an isolation cavity. A central shaft is movably installed at the center position of the top inside the fumigation cavity. A detection board is movably installed at the middle position of the central shaft through a reciprocating lifting member. The detection boards are arranged in a linear array along the axial direction of the central shaft. Positioning ports and circulation ports are penetrated through the detection board. The positioning ports are arranged in a circumferential array in pairs on the detection board. The circulation ports are evenly distributed between adjacent positioning ports. An isolation port is penetrated through the partition board between the fumigation cavity and the isolation cavity. The isolation port is pressed and isolated through an isolation member. A circulation member is fixedly installed on the side wall of the fumigation chamber. The circulation member is used to circulate the fumigation gas in the fumigation chamber. A temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are respectively fixedly installed around the isolation port at the upper end of the partition board. A plurality of heating plates are evenly distributed in a circumferential manner on the inner wall of the fumigation chamber at the upper end of the partition board. A supply air pipe is provided on the side wall of the fumigation chamber and the supply air pipe communicates with the isolation cavity.

[0007] According to the above technical solutions, the fumigation chamber includes a top plate, a box body, a bottom plate and a visual inspection cover. The top plate, the box body and the bottom plate are arranged in sequence from top to bottom and are fixedly connected by bolts. A placement port is penetrated through the front side of the box body. The placement port corresponds to the detection board one by one. A visual inspection cover is magnetically attracted and connected in the placement port. The visual inspection cover is embedded and installed on the outer wall surface of the box body. Handle grooves one are symmetrically opened on the outer wall surface of the visual inspection cover.

[0008] According to the above technical solutions, the reciprocating lifting member includes a guide block, a limit plate, a servo motor one, a transmission gear one and a transmission gear two. The guide block corresponds to the detection board one by one. The guide block is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the central shaft. A guide groove one corresponding to the guide block is opened at the middle position of the detection board. Limit plates are fixedly installed at both the upper and lower ends of the guide block. The servo motor one is fixedly installed at the edge position of the upper end of the top plate. A transmission gear one is fixedly installed at the output end of the servo motor one. The upper end of the central shaft penetrates through the upper wall surface of the top plate and a transmission gear two is fixedly installed. The transmission gear two is meshed with the transmission gear one. An annular wave groove corresponding to the detection board is opened on the inner wall of the box body. Movable blocks are symmetrically fixedly installed on the detection board. The movable blocks are movably installed in the corresponding annular wave grooves.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, the isolation member includes a drive shaft, an isolation block, a servo motor II, a transmission gear III, and a transmission gear IV. The central shaft is integrally hollow and the drive shaft is movably installed within the central shaft. The inner wall surface of the central shaft and the outer wall surface of the drive shaft are in sliding contact. The lower end of the drive shaft is threadedly connected to the isolation block. A second guiding groove is provided at the upper end of the isolation plate and above the isolation port. The isolation block is movably installed within the second guiding groove. The cross-sections of both the isolation block and the second guiding groove are square, and the side walls of the isolation block and the second guiding groove are in sliding contact. Communication grooves are provided around the isolation block, and the fumigation chamber and the isolation port are connected through the communication grooves. The servo motor II is fixedly installed at the upper edge position of the top plate. The output end of the servo motor II is fixedly installed with the transmission gear III. The upper end of the drive shaft is fixedly installed with the transmission gear IV. The transmission gear IV and the transmission gear III are meshed and connected.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, the circulation member includes a circulation tank, a circulation pump, a first delivery pipe, and a second delivery pipe. The circulation tank is fixedly installed on the side wall of the box body. The first delivery pipe and the second delivery pipe are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the circulation tank. The first delivery pipe and the second delivery pipe respectively extend into the box body. The first delivery pipe is provided with the circulation pump for delivering the fumigation gas at the top of the fumigation chamber to the bottom of the fumigation chamber.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, a first circulation channel and a second circulation channel are respectively provided within the circulation tank. The upper ends of the first circulation channel and the second circulation channel are connected and communicate with the first delivery pipe. A first connector and a second connector are respectively fixedly installed at the lower ends of the first circulation channel and the second circulation channel. The second delivery pipe is threadedly connected to the first connector or the second connector. A filtering port is provided on the side wall of the second circulation channel, and an activated carbon plate is inserted within the filtering port.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, a handle plate is fixedly installed at the end of the activated carbon plate. The handle plate is embedded and installed on the outer wall of the circulation tank. The outer wall surface of the handle plate and the outer wall surface of the circulation tank are flush. Symmetric handle grooves II are provided on the outer wall surface of the handle plate.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, a humidification chamber is provided at the middle position within the circulation tank for storing humidifying water. A transparent window is provided at the front end of the humidification chamber. A water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are respectively fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the transparent window. A water inlet valve and a water outlet valve are respectively fixedly installed on the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe. A humidification channel is provided between the upper end of the humidification chamber and the first circulation channel, and a control valve is provided on the humidification channel.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, the first conveying pipe and the second conveying pipe extend into the fumigation chamber and are respectively fixedly installed with an upper hollow ring and a lower hollow ring. The upper hollow ring is located above the lower hollow ring. The upper hollow ring, the lower hollow ring and the central axis are coaxially arranged. The upper hollow ring and the lower hollow ring are respectively sleeved outside the central axis. The outer wall surfaces of the upper hollow ring and the lower hollow ring are evenly distributed with the first conveying holes and the second conveying holes.

[0015] According to the above technical solution, a protective cover is fixedly installed at the upper end of the top plate. The top of the protective cover is fixedly installed with an inspection cover through bolts. A protection area is jointly formed among the top plate, the protective cover and the inspection cover. The first servo motor, the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear are all located in the protection area.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0017] (1) Improve the fumigation efficiency: Through the setting of the reciprocating lifting member, the soil samples on the detection plate can move up and down in the fumigation chamber, increasing the contact opportunities between the fumigation gas and the soil surface, thereby improving the effective utilization rate of the fumigant and the fumigation efficiency;

[0018] (2) Enhance the fumigation uniformity: The design of the circulation member can collect the fumigation gas from the top of the fumigation chamber and re-inject it into the bottom through the conveying pipe to form a closed circulation path, which helps to ensure the uniform distribution of the fumigation gas in the fumigation chamber and ensure that all soil samples can receive the same degree of fumigation treatment;

[0019] (3) Effectively control the fumigation environment: The temperature sensor and the humidity sensor can monitor the temperature and humidity changes during the fumigation process in real time, and adjust the temperature through the heating plate to maintain the best fumigation conditions;

[0020] (4) Ensure the safety of operators: The exhaust gas purification system (including the activated carbon plate) can filter and purify the residual fumigation gas before discharging it, reducing the emission of harmful substances and reducing the risk to the health of operators;

[0021] (5) Flexibility and adaptability: The isolation member allows the connection state between the fumigation chamber and the isolation chamber to be adjusted as needed, which provides greater flexibility and adaptability for different experimental designs;

[0022] (6) Easy to maintain and clean: The equipment has a reasonable structure and is convenient for disassembly and cleaning. For example, the design of the visual inspection cover facilitates the inspection and maintenance work inside the equipment;

[0023] (7) Environmental protection measures: The use of the activated carbon plate not only reduces the impact on the external environment, but also meets the current environmental protection requirements, which helps to promote the development of green agriculture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 is the first three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is the second three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is the third three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 is the fourth three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 is the first partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 is the second partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 is the third partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 is the fourth partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 is the fifth partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 10 is the sixth partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 11 is the seventh partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 12 is the eighth partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0037] In the figure: 1 - fumigation box, 11 - top plate, 12 - box body, 121 - placement opening, 122 - magnet, 123 - annular wavy groove, 13 - bottom plate, 14 - visible inspection cover, 141 - first handle groove, 15 - protective cover, 16 - inspection cover, 2 - isolation plate, 21 - second guide groove, 3 - central shaft, 4 - reciprocating lifting member, 41 - guide block, 42 - limiting plate, 43 - first servo motor, 44 - first transmission gear, 45 - second transmission gear, 5 - detection plate, 51 - positioning opening, 52 - circulation opening, 53 - isolation opening, 54 - first guide groove, 55 - movable block, 6 - isolation member, 61 - drive shaft, 62 - isolation block, 621 - communication groove, 63 - second servo motor, 64 - third transmission gear, 65 - fourth transmission gear, 7 - circulation member, 71 - circulation box, 711 - first circulation channel, 712 - second circulation channel, 713 - first connector, 714 - second connector, 715 - humidification chamber, 716 - transparent window, 717 - water inlet pipe, 718 - water outlet pipe, 719 - humidification channel, 72 - circulation pump, 73 - first delivery pipe, 74 - second delivery pipe, 75 - activated carbon plate, 76 - handle plate, 761 - second handle groove, 77 - upper hollow ring, 771 - first delivery hole, 78 - lower hollow ring, 781 - second delivery hole, 79 - control valve, 8 - temperature sensor, 9 - humidity sensor, 10 - heating plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] Please refer to Figures 1-12, the present invention provides a technical solution: a microbial fumigation device for soil detection, including a fumigation box 1. A partition plate 2 is fixedly installed at the bottom inside the fumigation box 1. The partition plate 2 divides the fumigation box 1 into a fumigation chamber and an isolation chamber. A central shaft 3 is movably installed at the center of the top inside the fumigation chamber. A detection plate 5 is movably installed at the middle position of the central shaft 3 through a reciprocating lifting member 4. The detection plates 5 are arranged in a linear array along the axial direction of the central shaft 3. Positioning ports 51 and circulation ports 52 are penetrated through the detection plate 5. The positioning ports 51 are arranged in a circumferential array in pairs on the detection plate 5. The circulation ports 52 are evenly distributed between adjacent positioning ports 51. An isolation port 53 is penetrated through the partition plate 2 and located between the fumigation chamber and the isolation chamber. The isolation port 53 is pressed and isolated by an isolation member 6. A circulation member 7 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the fumigation box 1. The circulation member 7 is used to circulate the fumigation gas in the fumigation box 1. A temperature sensor 8 and a humidity sensor 9 are respectively fixedly installed at the upper end of the partition plate 2 and around the isolation port 53. A plurality of heating plates 10 are evenly distributed in a circle on the inner wall of the fumigation box 1 at the upper end of the partition plate 2. A supply air pipe is provided on the side wall of the fumigation box 1 and the supply air pipe is communicated to the isolation chamber;

[0040] The fumigation chamber 1 provides a sealed fumigation site for soil testing. The isolation board 2 is installed at the bottom of the fumigation chamber 1 and is used to separate the fumigation chamber from the isolation chamber, ensuring the independence of the two during the fumigation process. The fumigation chamber is the main fumigation site, and the isolation chamber is the storage site for the fumigant. The fumigant can be selected as a fumigant that is a gas at room temperature, such as methyl bromide, sulfuryl fluoride, or a combination of carbon disulfide and inert gas. The central axis 3 is movably installed at the center of the top of the fumigation chamber and serves as the support structure for the test plate 5. The reciprocating lifting member 4 is located at the middle position of the central axis 3 and can move the test plate 5 up and down along the central axis 3. This not only facilitates the placement and removal of soil samples but also makes the test plate 5 and the soil samples on it move up and down reciprocally during the fumigation process, which helps to accelerate the mixing between the soil samples and the fumigation gas. This dynamic process enables the fumigation gas to penetrate more evenly into different layers of the soil samples, improving the fumigation efficiency. This up-and-down movement increases the contact frequency and area between the fumigation gas and the soil particle surface, promoting the interaction between the fumigation gas and soil microorganisms, pathogens, and other target substances. This not only accelerates the fumigation process but also improves the fumigation effect. Multiple test plates 5 are linearly arranged along the central axis 3. Each test plate has a positioning port 51 and a circulation port 52. The positioning port 51 is used to fix the soil sample to ensure that the sample remains stable. The circulation port 52 ensures that the fumigation gas can flow freely between the samples, promoting a uniform fumigation effect. The isolation port 53 connects the fumigation chamber and the isolation chamber. The isolation member 6 is used to control the opening and closing of the isolation port 53 to achieve gas exchange or isolation between the fumigation chamber and the isolation chamber. The circulation member 7 is fixed to the side wall of the fumigation chamber 1 and is responsible for maintaining the circulation of the fumigation gas in the fumigation chamber. Through forced air flow movement, the circulation member 7 can avoid the problem of the fumigation gas accumulating or being unevenly distributed in local areas, ensuring that every corner can be effectively fumigated and the fumigant is evenly distributed. Through continuous gas flow, the circulation member 7 helps the fumigation gas to better penetrate the gaps between soil particles, especially for relatively dense soil samples. Good penetration performance ensures that the fumigation gas can penetrate deep into the soil interior, thereby more effectively killing the microorganisms or other target organisms in it, accelerating the fumigation process, and also improving the overall efficiency and effect of fumigation. After the fumigation is completed, the circulation member 7 can help quickly remove the residual gas in the fumigation chamber, reducing the risk of operators being exposed to harmful gases and also facilitating subsequent cleaning and maintenance work. The temperature sensor 8 and the humidity sensor 9 are installed at the upper end of the isolation board 2 near the isolation port 53 to monitor the temperature and humidity changes in the fumigation chamber in real time. The heating plates 10 are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the fumigation chamber 1 and are located at the upper end of the isolation board 2 and are used to adjust the temperature in the fumigation chamber to optimize the fumigation conditions;

[0041] Specifically, the fumigation box 1 includes a top plate 11, a box body 12, a bottom plate 13 and a visible maintenance cover 14. The top plate 11, the box body 12 and the bottom plate 13 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom and are fixedly connected by bolts. A placement opening 121 is formed through the front side of the box body 12. The placement opening 121 and the detection plate 5 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence. A visible maintenance cover 14 is magnetically attracted and connected in the placement opening 121 through a magnet 122. The visible maintenance cover 14 is embedded and installed on the outer wall surface of the box body 12, and handle grooves 141 are symmetrically formed on the outer wall surface of the visible maintenance cover 14;

[0042] When it is necessary to inspect or repair the interior of the fumigation box 1, bolts can be quickly unscrewed by simple tools such as wrenches, so as to remove the top plate 11 or the bottom plate 13 to access the internal components, greatly shortening the maintenance time and improving the work efficiency. The visible maintenance cover 14 has the function of an ordinary disassembly cover and also has visibility, which is convenient for the operator to view the interior of the fumigation box 1 without opening the cover. Through the magnetic attraction connection between the magnet 122 and the placement opening 121, tightness and convenience are ensured. The visible maintenance cover 14 is embedded and installed on the outer wall surface of the box body 12, and handle grooves 141 are symmetrically formed on the outer wall surface, which is convenient for users to hold to open and close;

[0043] Specifically, the reciprocating lifting member 4 includes a guide block 41, a limiting plate 42, a servo motor 43, a transmission gear 44 and a transmission gear 45. The guide block 41 and the detection plate 5 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence. The guide block 41 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the central shaft 3. A first guide groove 54 corresponding to the guide block 41 is formed in the middle position of the detection plate 5. Limiting plates 42 are fixedly installed at both the upper and lower ends of the guide block 41. The servo motor 43 is fixedly installed at the upper edge position of the top plate 11. A transmission gear 44 is fixedly installed at the output end of the servo motor 43. The upper end of the central shaft 3 penetrates through the upper wall surface of the top plate 11 and a transmission gear 45 is fixedly installed. The transmission gear 45 and the transmission gear 44 are meshed and connected. An annular wave groove 123 corresponding to the detection plate 5 is formed on the inner wall of the box body 12. Movable blocks 55 are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the detection plate 5. The movable blocks 55 are movably installed in the corresponding annular wave grooves 123;

[0044] When the fumigation operation needs to start, the first servo motor 43 starts, driving the first transmission gear 44 to rotate. The first transmission gear 44 transmits the rotational torque to the central shaft 3 through the second transmission gear 45 meshing with it, causing the central shaft 3 to start rotating. As the central shaft 3 rotates, the guide block 41 fixed on it also rotates. Since the guide block 41 is located in the first guide groove 54 of the detection plate 5, it will drive the detection plate 5 to move along the trajectory of the guide block 41. The movable block 55 on the detection plate 5 moves along the annular wave groove 123 on the inner wall of the box body 12. This design allows the detection plate 5 to move up and down in the vertical direction while rotating with the central shaft 3, forming a complex composite motion. The presence of the limit plate 42 ensures that this motion is carried out within a safe range. The first servo motor 43 can precisely control the rotation speed and angle according to the preset program, thereby accurately adjusting the rising and falling speed and position of the detection plate 5 to adapt to different fumigation requirements. When the fumigation process ends or reaches the predetermined conditions, the first servo motor 43 stops running, and the system enters a stationary state waiting for the next operation instruction;

[0045] Specifically, the isolation member 6 includes a drive shaft 61, an isolation block 62, a second servo motor 63, a third transmission gear 64, and a fourth transmission gear 65. The central shaft 3 is integrally hollow and the drive shaft 61 is movably installed inside the central shaft 3. The inner wall surface of the central shaft 3 and the outer wall surface of the drive shaft 61 are in sliding contact. The lower end of the drive shaft 61 is threadedly connected with the isolation block 62. A second guide groove 21 is opened at the upper end of the isolation plate 2 and above the isolation port 53. The isolation block 62 is movably installed in the second guide groove 21. The cross-sections of both the isolation block 62 and the second guide groove 21 are square and the side walls of the isolation block 62 and the second guide groove 21 are in sliding contact. Communication grooves 621 are opened around the isolation block 62. The fumigation chamber and the isolation port 53 are connected through the communication grooves 621. The second servo motor 63 is fixedly installed at the upper edge position of the top plate 11. The output end of the second servo motor 63 is fixedly installed with the third transmission gear 64. The upper end of the drive shaft 61 is fixedly installed with the fourth transmission gear 65. The fourth transmission gear 65 and the third transmission gear 64 are meshed and connected;

[0046] When it is necessary to adjust the communication state between the fumigation chamber and the isolation port 53, the second servo motor 63 is started, driving the third transmission gear 64 to rotate. The third transmission gear 64 meshes with the fourth transmission gear 65, transmitting the rotational torque to the drive shaft 61, causing the drive shaft 61 to start rotating. Since the isolation block 62 is threadedly connected to the drive shaft 61, the rotation of the drive shaft 61 is converted into a linear motion (ascending or descending) of the isolation block 62. As the isolation block 62 moves up and down along the second guide groove 21, it can open or close the communication groove 621, thereby controlling the gas flow path between the fumigation chamber and the isolation port 53. The second servo motor 63 can precisely control the rotation angle and speed, and thus precisely adjust the position of the isolation block 62. When the desired state is reached, the second servo motor 63 stops running, and the isolation block 62 remains in the current position, maintaining the current communication or isolation state;

[0047] Specifically, the circulation member 7 includes a circulation tank 71, a circulation pump 72, a first delivery pipe 73, and a second delivery pipe 74. The circulation tank 71 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the box body 12. The upper and lower ends of the circulation tank 71 are respectively provided with the first delivery pipe 73 and the second delivery pipe 74. The first delivery pipe 73 and the second delivery pipe 74 respectively extend into the box body 12. The first delivery pipe 73 is provided with the circulation pump 72 for delivering the fumigation gas at the top of the fumigation chamber to the bottom of the fumigation chamber;

[0048] The first delivery pipe 73 is located at the top of the fumigation chamber and is responsible for collecting the gas generated during the fumigation process. These gases rise due to the hot air flow and usually accumulate at the top of the fumigation chamber. The collected fumigation gas is guided into the circulation tank 71 through the first delivery pipe 73. During this process, the circulation pump 72 is started to provide the necessary power to drive the gas flow. Under the action of the circulation pump 72, the fumigation gas is forced to be delivered from the top of the fumigation chamber to the circulation tank 71 and re-injected into the bottom of the fumigation chamber through the second delivery pipe 74. The fumigation gas can form a closed circulation path within the fumigation chamber, ensuring the uniform distribution of the gas throughout the chamber and avoiding insufficient or excessive fumigation in local areas. Since the fumigation gas is re-injected into the fumigation chamber from the bottom, it can be fully mixed with the air in the chamber and gradually rise, thereby achieving a more uniform fumigation effect. This up-and-down circulation method helps to break the gas stratification phenomenon and ensure that all soil samples on the test plates 5 can receive uniform fumigation treatment;

[0049] Specifically, a first circulation channel 711 and a second circulation channel 712 are respectively formed in the circulation box 71. The upper ends of the first circulation channel 711 and the second circulation channel 712 are connected and communicate with the first conveying pipe 73. A first connector 713 and a second connector 714 are respectively and fixedly installed at the lower ends of the first circulation channel 711 and the second circulation channel 712. The second conveying pipe 74 is threadedly connected to the first connector 713 or the second connector 714. A filtering port is formed in the side wall of the second circulation channel 712, and an activated carbon plate 75 is inserted into the filtering port;

[0050] Before the fumigation starts, connect the second conveying pipe 74 to the first connector 713, so that the gas circulates through the first circulation channel 711. Use a sealing plug to seal the inlet of the second circulation channel 712 (i.e., the filtering port) to prevent gas leakage or misentry into unused channels. Start the circulation pump 72, collect the fumigation gas from the top of the fumigation chamber through the first conveying pipe 73, and introduce it into the first circulation channel 711 in the circulation box 71. After the gas passes through the first circulation channel 711, it is reinjected into the bottom of the fumigation chamber through the second conveying pipe 74 to promote the uniform distribution of the gas in the fumigation chamber. During the entire fumigation process, keep the circulation pump 72 running to ensure continuous gas circulation and improve the fumigation effect. After the fumigation ends, stop the circulation pump 72, disconnect the connection between the second conveying pipe 74 and the first connector 713, reconnect the second conveying pipe 74 to the second connector 714, so that the gas is filtered and purified through the second circulation channel 712. Use a sealing plug to seal the inlet of the first circulation channel 711 to prevent gas leakage or misentry into unused channels. Ensure that the activated carbon plate 75 has been correctly inserted and fixed in the filtering port of the second circulation channel 712, and prepare to filter and purify the gas. Restart the circulation pump 72, collect the fumigation gas from the top of the fumigation chamber through the first conveying pipe 73, and introduce it into the second circulation channel 712 in the circulation box 71. After the gas is filtered by the activated carbon plate 75, it is reinjected into the bottom of the fumigation chamber through the second conveying pipe 74. After circulating and purifying, it is then discharged into the external environment;

[0051] Specifically, a handle plate 76 is fixedly installed at the end of the activated carbon plate 75. The handle plate 76 is embedded in the outer wall of the circulation box 71. The outer wall surface of the handle plate 76 is flush with the outer wall surface of the circulation box 71. Symmetric handle grooves 761 are formed in the outer wall surface of the handle plate 76;

[0052] The activated carbon plate 75 is used to filter and purify harmful components and odors in the fumigation gas. The handle plate 76 is fixedly installed at the end of the activated carbon plate 75 and is embedded in the outer wall of the circulation box 71. The outer wall surface of the handle plate 76 is flush with the outer wall surface of the circulation box 71, making the overall appearance more neat and beautiful. Two symmetric handle grooves 761 are formed in the outer wall surface of the handle plate 76, facilitating the operator to grip and pull through these handle grooves 761;

[0053] Specifically, a humidifying chamber 715 is provided at the middle position inside the circulation box 71. The humidifying chamber 715 is used for storing humidifying water. A transparent window 716 is provided at the front end of the humidifying chamber 715. A water inlet pipe 717 and a water outlet pipe 718 are respectively and fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the transparent window 716. An inlet valve and an outlet valve are respectively fixedly installed on the water inlet pipe 717 and the water outlet pipe 718. A humidifying channel 719 is provided between the upper end of the humidifying chamber 715 and the first circulation channel 711. A control valve 79 is provided on the humidifying channel 719;

[0054] The humidifying chamber 715 is provided at the middle position inside the circulation box 71 and is specifically used for storing humidifying water. The transparent window 716 is installed at the front end of the humidifying chamber 715, allowing operators to directly observe the water level, ensuring timely replenishment or discharge of water. The water inlet pipe 717 and the water outlet pipe 718 are respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the transparent window 716 and are used for adding water to or discharging excess water from the humidifying chamber 715. An inlet valve and an outlet valve are respectively installed on the water inlet pipe 717 and the water outlet pipe 718. The humidifying channel 719 connects the humidifying chamber 715 and the first circulation channel 711 and is used for introducing the humidified gas into the circulation system. A control valve 79 is provided on the humidifying channel 719 for regulating the amount of humidified gas entering the first circulation channel 711;

[0055] Specifically, the first conveying pipe 73 and the second conveying pipe 74 extend into the fumigation chamber and are respectively and fixedly installed with an upper hollow ring 77 and a lower hollow ring 78. The upper hollow ring 77 is located above the lower hollow ring 78. The upper hollow ring 77, the lower hollow ring 78 and the central shaft 3 are coaxially arranged. The upper hollow ring 77 and the lower hollow ring 78 are respectively sleeved outside the central shaft 3. The outer wall surfaces of the upper hollow ring 77 and the lower hollow ring 78 are evenly distributed with first conveying holes 771 and second conveying holes 781;

[0056] The upper hollow ring 77 is fixedly installed at the end of the first conveying pipe 73 and is located inside the fumigation chamber. The upper hollow ring 77 is coaxially arranged outside the central axis 3 and is concentric with the central axis 3. A plurality of first conveying holes 771 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the upper hollow ring 77, which are used to evenly release the fumigation gas to the top of the fumigation chamber. The lower hollow ring 78 is fixedly installed at the end of the second conveying pipe 74 and is located inside the fumigation chamber. The lower hollow ring 78 is coaxially arranged outside the central axis 3 and is concentric with the central axis 3. A plurality of second conveying holes 781 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the lower hollow ring 78, which are used to reinject the treated fumigation gas into the bottom of the fumigation chamber. The upper hollow ring 77 and the lower hollow ring 78 are made of corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant materials to adapt to the chemical substances and temperature changes that may exist in the fumigation environment. The first conveying holes 771 on the upper hollow ring 77 can evenly suck the gas at the top of the fumigation chamber into the first conveying pipe 73, and the second conveying holes 781 on the lower hollow ring 78 evenly release the treated gas to the bottom of the fumigation chamber, enabling it to gradually rise and mix with the air in the chamber, avoiding uneven gas concentration in local areas. Since both the upper hollow ring 77 and the lower hollow ring 78 are coaxially arranged with the central axis 3, this ensures the symmetrical flow of gas throughout the fumigation chamber and improves the overall efficiency of fumigation;

[0057] Specifically, a protective cover 15 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the top plate 11. The inspection cover 16 is fixedly installed at the top of the protective cover 15 through bolts. A protective area is jointly formed among the top plate 11, the protective cover 15, and the inspection cover 16. The first servo motor 43, the first transmission gear 44, and the second transmission gear 45 are all located in the protective area;

[0058] It is jointly composed of the top plate 11, the protective cover 15, and the inspection cover 16, providing physical protection for the first servo motor 43, the first transmission gear 44, and the second transmission gear 45. Placing the key components in the protective area effectively prevents external objects or personnel from directly contacting the high-speed rotating mechanical components and reduces the accident risk. The design of the inspection cover 16 makes the maintenance work more convenient and fast, and routine inspections and minor repairs can be completed without large-scale disassembly.

[0059] Working principle:

[0060] S1, Preparation stage

[0061] S11, Equipment inspection and preparation: Check whether the fumigation box 1 and its internal components are intact, confirm that the isolation plate 2 is correctly installed, ensure the sealing performance between the fumigation chamber and the isolation chamber, install and calibrate the temperature sensor 8 and the humidity sensor 9 to ensure that the temperature and humidity changes during the fumigation process can be accurately monitored.

[0062] S12, Adding fumigant: Add the required fumigant into the isolation chamber through the air supply pipe and ensure good sealing to prevent leakage.

[0063] S13, Place the soil sample: Open the visual inspection cover 14, place the soil sample to be tested into the positioning port 51 of the test plate 5, and ensure that each sample is in a stable position without movement. Close the visual inspection cover 14 to ensure that the fumigation chamber 1 is completely airtight.

[0064] S14, Vacuum pumping: Start the circulation pump 72 to pump the gas inside the fumigation chamber to create conditions for the effective diffusion of the subsequent fumigant.

[0065] S2, Fumigation operation stage

[0066] S21, Start the reciprocating lifting member 4: Start the servo motor 43 to drive the central shaft 3 to rotate, so that the test plate 5 moves up and down along the guide block 41, increasing the contact frequency and area between the fumigation gas and the surface of the soil sample.

[0067] S22, Control the connection state between the fumigation chamber and the isolation chamber: Start or stop the servo motor 63 as needed to adjust the position of the isolation block 62 to open the isolation port 53 to achieve gas exchange between the fumigation chamber and the isolation chamber.

[0068] S23, Start the circulation member 7: Start the circulation pump 72 to collect the fumigation gas from the top of the fumigation chamber and introduce it into the circulation channel 711 in the circulation tank 71 through the first delivery pipe 73. The gas after treatment is then reinjected into the bottom of the fumigation chamber through the second delivery pipe 74 to form a closed circulation path to ensure uniform distribution of the gas throughout the fumigation chamber.

[0069] S24, Monitor the temperature and humidity: Real-time monitor the changes in temperature and humidity inside the fumigation chamber, and adjust the temperature and humidity through the heating plate 10 or the humidification chamber 715 when necessary to ensure the optimal fumigation conditions.

[0070] S3, End and cleaning stage

[0071] S31, Stop the fumigation operation: When the preset fumigation time or conditions are reached, stop the servo motor 43 and the servo motor 63 to make the system enter a static state and wait for subsequent operation instructions.

[0072] S32, Fumigation gas purification: Adjust the state of the isolation member 6 to seal the isolation chamber, connect the second delivery pipe 74 to the connector 714 to ensure that the entire circulation system can guide the residual gas in the fumigation chamber through the activated carbon plate 75 for filtration and purification. Start the circulation pump 72 to pump the residual gas in the fumigation chamber into the circulation tank 71 and filter and purify it through the activated carbon plate 75 to remove harmful components in the fumigation gas, such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other potential pollutants;

[0073] S33. Exhaust residual gas: Repeat the cycle several times to ensure that all fumigation gases are fully purified. After the fumigation gases inside have been fully filtered and purified, the treated gases can be safely discharged into the external environment. Connect the fumigation chamber to the outside, activate the circulation component 7 to help quickly exhaust the residual gas in the fumigation chamber and reduce the risk of operators being exposed to harmful gases.

[0074] S34. Take out the sample: Open the visual inspection cover 14 again and carefully take out the fumigated soil sample for subsequent analysis.

[0075] It should be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0076] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Microbial fumigation device for soil detection, comprising a fumigation chamber (1), characterized in that: An isolation plate (2) is fixedly installed at the inner bottom of the fumigation box (1). The isolation plate (2) divides the fumigation box (1) into a fumigation chamber and an isolation chamber. A central shaft (3) is movably installed at the center position of the top of the fumigation chamber. A detection plate (5) is movably installed at the middle position of the central shaft (3) through a reciprocating lifting member (4). The detection plates (5) are arranged in a linear array along the axial direction of the central shaft (3). Positioning ports (51) and circulation ports (52) are penetratedly formed on the detection plate (5). The positioning ports (51) are arranged in a circumferential array in pairs on the detection plate (5). The circulation ports (52) are evenly distributed between adjacent positioning ports (51). An isolation port (53) is penetratedly formed on the isolation plate (2) between the fumigation chamber and the isolation chamber. The isolation port (53) is pressed and isolated by an isolation member (6). A circulation member (7) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the fumigation box (1). The circulation member (7) is used for circulating the fumigation gas in the fumigation box (1). A temperature sensor (8) and a humidity sensor (9) are respectively fixedly installed at the upper end of the isolation plate (2) around the isolation port (53). A plurality of heating plates (10) are evenly distributed in a circumferential manner on the inner wall of the fumigation box (1) at the upper end of the isolation plate (2). A supply air pipe is provided on the side wall of the fumigation box (1) and the supply air pipe communicates with the isolation chamber. The fumigation box (1) includes a top plate (11), a box body (12), a bottom plate (13) and a visible maintenance cover (14). The reciprocating lifting member (4) includes a guide block (41), a limit plate (42), a servo motor I (43), a driving gear I (44) and a driving gear II (45). The guide blocks (41) and the detection plates (5) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence. The guide blocks (41) are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the central shaft (3). A guide groove I (54) corresponding to the guide block (41) is formed at the middle position of the detection plate (5). Limit plates (42) are fixedly installed at both the upper and lower ends of the guide block (41). The servo motor I (43) is fixedly installed at the upper edge position of the top plate (11). A driving gear I (44) is fixedly installed at the output end of the servo motor I (43). The upper end of the central shaft (3) penetrates the upper wall surface of the top plate (11) and a driving gear II (45) is fixedly installed. The driving gear II (45) is meshed and connected with the driving gear I (44). An annular wave groove (123) corresponding to the detection plate (5) is formed on the inner wall of the box body (12). Movable blocks (55) are symmetrically fixedly installed on the detection plate (5). The movable blocks (55) are movably installed in the corresponding annular wave grooves (123).

2. The microbial fumigation device for soil detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top plate (11), the box body (12) and the bottom plate (13) are arranged in sequence from top to bottom and are fixedly connected by bolts. A placement port (121) is penetratedly formed on the front side of the box body (12). The placement ports (121) and the detection plates (5) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence. A visible maintenance cover (14) is magnetically attracted and connected in the placement port (121). The visible maintenance cover (14) is embedded and installed on the outer wall surface of the box body (12). Handle grooves I (141) are symmetrically formed on the outer wall surface of the visible maintenance cover (14).

3. The microbial fumigation device for soil detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The isolation member (6) includes a drive shaft (61), an isolation block (62), a second servo motor (63), a third transmission gear (64), and a fourth transmission gear (65). The central shaft (3) is integrally hollow and the drive shaft (61) is movably installed inside the central shaft (3). The inner wall surface of the central shaft (3) and the outer wall surface of the drive shaft (61) are in sliding contact. The lower end of the drive shaft (61) is threadedly connected to the isolation block (62). A second guiding groove (21) is formed at the upper end of the isolation plate (2) and above the isolation port (53). The isolation block (62) is movably installed in the second guiding groove (21). The cross-sections of the isolation block (62) and the second guiding groove (21) are both square, and the side walls of the isolation block (62) and the second guiding groove (21) are in sliding contact. Communication grooves (621) are formed around the isolation block (62). The fumigation chamber and the isolation port (53) are connected through the communication grooves (621). The second servo motor (63) is fixedly installed at the upper edge position of the top plate (11). The output end of the second servo motor (63) is fixedly installed with the third transmission gear (64). The upper end of the drive shaft (61) is fixedly installed with the fourth transmission gear (65). The fourth transmission gear (65) is meshed and connected with the third transmission gear (64).

4. The microbial fumigation device for soil detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circulation member (7) includes a circulation tank (71), a circulation pump (72), a first delivery pipe (73), and a second delivery pipe (74). The circulation tank (71) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the box body (12). The first delivery pipe (73) and the second delivery pipe (74) are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the circulation tank (71). The first delivery pipe (73) and the second delivery pipe (74) respectively extend into the box body (12). A circulation pump (72) is arranged on the first delivery pipe (73) for delivering the fumigation gas at the top of the fumigation chamber to the bottom of the fumigation chamber.

5. The microbial fumigation device for soil detection according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first circulation channel (711) and a second circulation channel (712) are respectively formed in the circulation tank (71). The upper ends of the first circulation channel (711) and the second circulation channel (712) are connected and communicate with the first delivery pipe (73). A first connector (713) and a second connector (714) are respectively fixedly installed at the lower ends of the first circulation channel (711) and the second circulation channel (712). The second delivery pipe (74) is threadedly connected to the first connector (713) or the second connector (714). A filtering port is formed on the side wall of the second circulation channel (712), and an activated carbon plate (75) is inserted into the filtering port.

6. The microbial fumigation device for soil detection according to claim 5, characterized in that: A handle plate (76) is fixedly installed at the end of the activated carbon plate (75). The handle plate (76) is embedded in the outer wall of the circulation tank (71). The outer wall surface of the handle plate (76) is flush with the outer wall surface of the circulation tank (71). Handle grooves (761) are symmetrically formed on the outer wall surface of the handle plate (76).

7. The microbial fumigation device for soil detection according to claim 6, wherein: A humidifying chamber (715) is provided in the middle position inside the circulation box (71). The humidifying chamber (715) is used for storing humidifying water. A transparent window (716) is provided at the front end of the humidifying chamber (715). A water inlet pipe (717) and a water outlet pipe (718) are fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the transparent window (716) respectively. A water inlet valve and a water outlet valve are fixedly installed on the water inlet pipe (717) and the water outlet pipe (718) respectively. A humidifying channel (719) is provided between the upper end of the humidifying chamber (715) and the first circulation channel (711). A control valve (79) is provided on the humidifying channel (719).

8. The microbial fumigation device for soil detection according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first conveying pipe (73) and the second conveying pipe (74) extend into the fumigation chamber and are respectively fixedly installed with an upper hollow ring (77) and a lower hollow ring (78). The upper hollow ring (77) is located above the lower hollow ring (78). The upper hollow ring (77), the lower hollow ring (78) and the central axis (3) are coaxially arranged. The upper hollow ring (77) and the lower hollow ring (78) are respectively sleeved outside the central axis (3). The outer wall surfaces of the upper hollow ring (77) and the lower hollow ring (78) are evenly distributed with first conveying holes (771) and second conveying holes (781).

9. The microbial fumigation device for soil detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protective cover (15) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the top plate (11). An inspection cover (16) is fixedly installed at the top of the protective cover (15) by bolts. A protective area is jointly formed among the top plate (11), the protective cover (15) and the inspection cover (16). The first servo motor (43), the first transmission gear (44) and the second transmission gear (45) are all located in the protective area.

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