Detection device and detection system

Abstract

The invention provides a detection device and a detection system, and the detection device comprises a first light path seat which comprises a light source; the window seat is provided with a detection area; a first sensor that detects spectral information; the first sensor detects spectral information, the second sensor detects spectral information, the detection device is switched between a reference light path and a detection light path, in the reference light path, light rays enter the first sensor and the second sensor without entering the detection area, in the detection light path, the light rays enter the detection area, caused scattered light and fluorescence enter the first sensor, and in the detection light path, the light rays enter the second sensor. The detection area is provided with a first window sheet, a second window sheet and a third window sheet, the first window sheet is used for the light of a detection light path to penetrate through and enter the water in the detection area, and the second window sheet is used for the induced scattered light and fluorescent light to penetrate through and then enter the first sensor; and the third diaphragm is opposite to the first diaphragm, so that the light entering the detection area through the first diaphragm enters the second sensor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water environment monitoring, and in particular to a detection device and a detection system. Background Art

[0002] With the development of key industries such as petrochemicals, pesticides, organic chemical raw material manufacturing, and coking, the pollutants generated during their production and use are complex and highly toxic, which may have a significant impact on the water environment. These pollutants (including organic pollutants) may exist in various forms in water, including dissolved, colloidal, and suspended states, and their concentrations and types may also change with time and space. Therefore, rapid and accurate monitoring and evaluation of pollutants in water bodies, especially organic pollutants, is of great significance for protecting the water environment and public health.

[0003] Commonly used water quality detection methods include chemical detection and optical detection. Chemical detection methods mainly include acid-base titration, complexometric titration, precipitation titration and redox titration. These detection methods all require sample collection, are relatively complex to operate, and cannot continuously detect water in the external environment. Optical detection uses the property that pollutants in water can absorb light waves to detect water quality. Since different types of pollutants have different absorption characteristics for light waves of different wavelengths, pollutants in water can be effectively detected.

[0004] However, most of the current optical detection methods are unable to perform in-situ detection, and the detection parameters are single, making them inconvenient to operate.

[0005] Patent document 1 provides a multi-spectral sensor that generates light in a specific frequency range by integrating an LED light source to meet the requirements of simultaneous detection of multiple components. However, there is still room for improvement in the sensitivity of Patent document 1, and the detection parameters of Patent document 1 are single, and multi-parameter monitoring cannot be achieved.

[0006] Prior art literature

[0007] Patent document 1: Chinese invention patent application CN117990634A Summary of the invention

[0008] Problem that the invention aims to solve

[0009] The object of the present invention is to provide a detection device which can realize in-situ and multi-parameter detection.

[0010] Solutions for solving problems

[0011] A technical solution of the present invention provides a detection device for monitoring a water environment, the detection device comprising: a first outer cover, the radial maximum dimension of the first outer cover is less than or equal to 60 mm; a first optical path seat, which is housed in the first outer cover, the first optical path seat comprising: a light source capable of emitting light of at least two wavelengths and a light source optical path channel for the light to pass through, the light source comprising a plurality of wicks arranged in an integrated manner; a window seat, which is connected to the first outer cover, the window seat having a detection area exposed to the outside of the detection device, the detection area is for water to be detected to flow through or fill, and the light emitted from the light source can be projected into the detection area; a first sensor, which detects spectral information corresponding to scattering and / or fluorescence; and a second sensor, which detects spectral information corresponding to transmission, the detection device is constructed such that its optical path is between a reference optical path and a detection optical path. Switching, in the reference light path, the light emitted from the light source enters the first sensor and the second sensor without entering the detection area, in the detection light path, the light emitted from the light source enters the detection area, the scattered light and fluorescence caused by the light irradiating the water to be detected enter the first sensor, and the transmitted light after the light passes through the water to be detected enters the second sensor, the detection area has a first window piece, a second window piece and a third window piece, the first window piece is for the light of the detection light path to pass through, so that the light is incident on the water inside the detection area, the second window piece is for the scattered light and fluorescence caused by the light irradiating the water to be detected to pass through and then be incident on the first sensor, the third window piece is opposite to the first window piece, and is for the light that has entered the interior of the detection area through the first window piece to be incident on the second sensor.

[0012] Preferably, the first sensor is a spectral sensor, which includes: a quantum dot spectrometer, which includes a plurality of quantum dot spectrometer regions for spectrometry; a quantum dot filter film, which is used to filter out useless spectra in the light emitted from the light source; and a detector, which receives light and monitors water based on the light, the quantum dot spectrometer is located on the receiving side of the detector, and the quantum dot filter film is located on the side of the quantum dot spectrometer opposite to the detector; and / or, an imaginary line orthogonal to the receiving surface of the first sensor is 45° to 135° relative to the first window sheet and the third window sheet. Preferably, the detection device further has a switching seat, in which a switching piece is arranged, and the switching piece switches the optical path of the detection device to the other of the reference light path and the detection light path by blocking one of the reference light path and the detection light path; and / or, a socket cover is connected to the side of the first outer cover opposite to the window seat, and a second outer cover is connected to the side of the window seat opposite to the first outer cover, and a sealing ring is clamped between the socket cover and the first outer cover, between the first outer cover and the window seat, and between the window seat and the second outer cover.

[0013] Preferably, the switching seat has a first switching optical path channel and a second switching optical path channel, the first switching optical path channel and the second switching optical path channel are parallel to each other, the first switching optical path channel is connected to the light source optical path channel, so that the light from the first optical path seat can enter the first switching optical path channel, and a first beam splitter is arranged in the middle of the first switching optical path channel, the first beam splitter is located on the side of the first window piece close to the light source, a part of the light in the first switching optical path channel is divided into the first reflecting optical path channel at the first beam splitter, and a first reflector is arranged on the switching seat, and the light entering the first reflecting optical path channel enters the second switching optical path channel through the first reflector.

[0014] Preferably, a second optical path seat is accommodated in the window seat, the first sensor is supported in the second optical path seat, the second optical path seat has a first window seat optical path channel and a second window seat optical path channel, the first window seat optical path channel and the second window seat optical path channel are parallel to each other, the first window seat optical path channel is connected to the first switching optical path channel, the second window seat optical path channel is connected to the second switching optical path channel, a second spectrometer is arranged in the middle of the second window seat optical path channel, and a part of the light in the second window seat optical path channel is reflected toward the first sensor at the second spectrometer.

[0015] Preferably, the detection area constitutes a detection area optical path channel, which is located between the first window piece and the third window piece, the first window seat optical path channel is connected to the detection area optical path channel via the first window piece, and the detection area optical path channel is connected to the first sensor via the second window piece; and / or, a third optical path seat is accommodated in the window seat, and the second sensor is supported in the third optical path seat, the third optical path seat has a third window seat optical path channel and a fourth window seat optical path channel, the third window seat optical path channel and the fourth window seat optical path channel are parallel to each other, the third window seat optical path channel is connected to the detection area optical path channel, the fourth window seat optical path channel is connected to the second window seat optical path channel, a third beam splitter is provided on the third optical path seat, a part of the light entering the fourth window seat optical path channel is reflected to the second sensor by the third beam splitter, and a second reflector is provided on the third optical path seat, the light entering the third window seat optical path channel enters the second reflection optical path channel through the second reflector, and the second reflection optical path channel is irradiated to the second sensor through the third beam splitter.

[0016] Preferably, the switching seat is located between the first optical path seat and the window seat, and the switching seat is positioned relative to the first optical path seat by a positioning pin in a way that the light source optical path channel is connected to the first switching optical path channel, and the switching seat is positioned relative to the window seat by a positioning pin in a way that the second switching optical path channel is able to communicate with the second window seat optical path channel and the first switching optical path channel is able to communicate with the first window seat optical path channel.

[0017] Preferably, when observed along the overlapping direction in which the reference light path and the detection light path overlap, the reference light path and the detection light path overlap at a middle position of the detection device, and when observed along the overlapping direction, the switching mechanism for driving the switching piece is located at a position offset to one side relative to the middle position.

[0018] Another technical solution of the present invention provides a detection system, characterized in that it includes: a sampling device for taking water samples from a site to be tested; and any of the detection devices described above.

[0019] Preferably, it also includes: a code scanning device connected to the detection device signal, used to identify the identification information of the land to be detected or the water body to be detected.

[0020] Effects of the Invention

[0021] By using the present application, a detection device can be provided, which can realize in-situ and multi-parameter detection, and obtain more accurate detection results based on the detection optical path by taking the reference optical path as a reference. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the detection device.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a side view observed along its length.

[0024] Figure 3 It is along Figure 2 Sectional view from the AA direction.

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the light path in .

[0026] Figure 5 It is along Figure 2 Cross-sectional view from the BB direction.

[0027] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 An enlarged schematic diagram of part I in FIG.

[0028] Figure 7 It is a top view of the socket cover.

[0029] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a detection area of ​​a detection device.

[0030] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the detection system.

[0031] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a detection system.

[0032] Description of Reference Numerals

[0033] 1. Socket cover; 2. Sealing ring; 3. First outer cover; 4. LED light board; 5. Main control module; 6. First optical path seat; 7. Lens; 8. First beam splitter; 9. First reflector; 10. Switch seat; 11. Sealing ring; 12. Switching piece; 13. Second optical path seat; 14. First sensor; 15. Second beam splitter; 16. Window seat; 17. Second outer cover; 18. Sealing ring; 19. Second sensor; 20. Third beam splitter; 21. First protective cover; 22. Third optical path seat; 23. Second reflector; 24. Third window piece; 25. Second window piece; 26. First window piece; 27. Sealing ring; 28. Circuit connector; 29. Switching mechanism; 30. Second protective cover; K1. Optical path channel (light source optical path channel); K2. Optical path channel (first reflecting optical path); K3. Optical path channel (second switching optical path channel); K4. Optical path channel (second window seat optical path channel); K5. Optical path channel (first sensor optical path channel); K6. Optical path channel (fourth window seat optical path channel); K7. Optical path channel (second sensor optical path channel); K8. Optical path channel (first switching optical path channel); K9. Optical path channel (first window seat optical path channel); K10. Optical path channel (detection area optical path channel); K11. Optical path channel (scattering optical path channel); D. detection area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The detection device of the present invention is described below based on the accompanying drawings. The following description is not intended to limit the present application, and the present application can make various changes within the scope of the main purpose. In the specification, expressions such as "up", "down", "left", and "right" are used. Those skilled in the art can understand that such expressions only represent relative positional relationships and do not limit the actual structural direction. "Up", "down", "left", and "right" correspond to "+Z", "-Z", "-Y", and "+Y" in the accompanying drawings, respectively. That is, the up and down direction can be regarded as the direction of the Z axis in the figure, the left and right direction can be regarded as the direction of the Y axis in the figure, and the direction (front and back direction) orthogonal to the up and down direction and the left and right direction is set as the direction of the X axis in the figure. In addition, although the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis are not illustrated in all the accompanying drawings, as long as it can be determined that they are the same direction according to the records in the drawings and the specification, it should be considered that in the drawings where the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis are not illustrated, there are also concepts such as the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis objectively.

[0035] <Overall Structure of Detection Device>

[0036] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional diagram of the detection device 100. Figure 1As shown, the detection device 100 is cylindrical as a whole, and one end side of the detection device 100 in the length direction has a detection area D formed by a depression. The detection area D is exposed to the outside of the detection device 100, and the water to be detected flows through or fills the detection area. The light from the light source inside the detection device 100 is injected into the detection area D to illuminate the water to be detected, thereby detecting the water to be detected. When in use, the detection device 100 is inserted into the water along the length direction of the whole for detection. Water filling the detection area means that the water to be tested may not be flowing. For example, if the detection device is placed in a container filled with water for measurement, the water is filled in the detection area.

[0037] Figure 2 is a side view along the length direction (Y direction) of the detection device 100. Figure 2 The AA view and the BB view are marked. The AA view is equivalent to the cross-sectional view when the detection device 100 is viewed from the side, and the BB view is equivalent to the cross-sectional view when the detection device 100 is viewed from the top. Figure 3 As shown, the outer surface of the detection device 100 is along its length direction ( Figure 3 The left and right directions in the Y direction) are provided with a socket cover 1, a first outer cover 3, a window seat 16, and a second outer cover 17 in sequence. On one side of the first outer cover 3 ( Figure 3 The left side of the first cover 3 (ie, the side opposite to the window seat 16) is connected to the socket cover 1. Figure 3 The right side of the window seat 16 is connected to the side ( Figure 3 On the left side of the window seat 16 ( Figure 3 The second outer cover 17 is connected to the right side of the first outer cover 3, that is, the side opposite to the first outer cover 3. The radial maximum dimension of the first outer cover 3 (the width direction of the detection device 100) is less than or equal to 60 mm. The first outer cover can be a rectangular outer cover or a cylindrical outer cover. When it is a cylindrical outer cover, the radial maximum dimension (the X direction or Z direction in the figure) is the diameter of the cylinder. When it is a rectangular outer cover, the radial maximum dimension (the larger one of the X direction and the Z direction in the figure) is the length of the long side of its end face. The radial dimension of the first outer cover 3 can be consistent along its length direction Y, or it can vary along its length direction Y. The optional second outer cover 17 can also be cylindrical or rectangular.

[0038] In addition, if Figure 3As shown, a sealing ring 2 is sandwiched between the socket cover 1 and the first outer cover 3, a sealing ring 11 is sandwiched between the first outer cover 3 and the window seat 16, and a sealing ring 18 is sandwiched between the window seat 16 and the second outer cover 17. Thus, when a part of the detection device 100 is placed in water to be detected, water can be prevented from entering the inside of the detection device 100. In addition, the socket cover 1 has a height difference, and the sealing ring 2 is provided at a lower height position. The window seat 16 is also provided with a height difference, and the sealing rings 11 and 18 are provided at a lower height position. Thus, even when the sealing rings are sandwiched, the outer peripheral surfaces of the socket cover 1, the first outer cover 3, the window seat 16 and the second outer cover 17 can be in the same plane.

[0039] The seal ring 2 , the seal ring 11 , and the seal ring 18 are, for example, double seals, which further suppress water from entering the interior of the detection device 100 .

[0040] A main control module 5 is housed in the first outer cover 3 . The main control module 5 is fixed to a first optical path seat 6 described later and is used for power management connection, control management, signal acquisition, processing and transmission, etc.

[0041] Based on the detection device 100, a detection optical path and a reference optical path can be generated. Specifically, the detection device 100 includes a first optical path seat 6, a switching seat 10, a second optical path seat 13, a window seat 16 and a third optical path seat 22. Based on the above components, a detection optical path and a reference optical path are formed, which will be described in detail later.

[0042] <First optical path seat>

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, the first optical path seat 6 is housed in the first outer cover 3, and the first optical path seat 6 has an LED lamp board 4 (light source) that emits light of at least two wavelengths. The LED lamp board 4 can be, for example, a lamp board with two wicks, or a lamp board with three, six, or nine wicks. As long as the LED lamp board 4 can emit light of at least two wavelengths, by combining multiple wicks, the utilization rate of light energy can be improved and the integration of the light source can be increased. In the first optical path seat 6, a lens 7 is provided in the direction of the light emitted from the LED lamp board 4. The lens 7 is used to expand the field of view of the light.

[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, a sealing ring 27 is provided between the LED lamp board 4 and the first optical path seat 6 to prevent dust from entering the optical path.

[0045] <Switch Seat>

[0046] The switch seat 10 is connected to the first optical path seat 6 in a manner of being located at the downstream side of the first optical path seat 6. A switch plate 12 is provided in the switch seat 10, and the switch plate 12 switches the optical path of the detection device 100 to the other of the reference optical path and the detection optical path by blocking one of the reference optical path and the detection optical path.

[0047] A positioning protrusion is provided at the part of the switching seat 10 facing the first optical path seat 6, and a positioning hole is provided on the first optical path seat 6. The positioning protrusion of the switching seat 10 is inserted into the positioning hole of the first optical path seat 6 from one side of the positioning hole of the first optical path seat 6, and the positioning pin is inserted into the positioning hole of the first optical path seat 6 and the positioning protrusion of the switching seat 10 from the other side of the positioning hole of the first optical path seat 6. In this way, the positioning of the switching seat 10 and the first optical path seat 6 can be reliably achieved.

[0048] Figure 5 and Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the detection device 100 when viewed from above. Figure 6 yes Figure 5 An enlarged schematic diagram of part I in FIG. Figure 5 In FIG. 1 , it is shown that the LED lamp board 4 is fixed to one side of the first optical path seat 6 ( Figure 3 On the left side, Figure 5 The structure of the upper side of the Figure 6 , it is shown that a switching mechanism 29 and a switching piece 12 are provided at the part of the switching seat 10 facing the window seat 16. The switching mechanism 29 as a driving source can be, for example, a motor, which has an output shaft protruding toward the window seat 16 side, and a part of the switching piece 12 is fixed to the output shaft of the switching mechanism 29, so that the switching piece 12 can swing with the driving of the switching mechanism 29, thereby swinging between the detection optical path and the reference optical path. The switching mechanism 29 is, for example, a two-station actuator, which responds quickly after power-on and switches to the target station, and can remain in the current position after power-off. When the switching piece 12 swings to the detection optical path, the light passing through the detection optical path is blocked by the switching piece 12 and cannot pass, and the light passing through the reference optical path passes normally in the reference optical path. At this time, it is equivalent to the detection device 100 switching to the reference optical path. When the switching piece 12 swings to the reference optical path, the light passing through the reference optical path is blocked by the switching piece 12 and cannot pass, and the light passing through the detection optical path passes normally in the detection optical path. At this time, it is equivalent to that the detection device 100 switches to the detection light path.

[0049] In addition, Figure 5 and Figure 6 In the embodiment, a second protective cover 30 is provided on the outer side of the switching seat 10 , and the second protective cover 30 prevents dust from entering into the interior of the switching seat 10 .

[0050] Preferably, if Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown in the figure, the reference light path and the detection light path are arranged along the up-down direction (Z direction) in the figure, that is, the reference light path and the detection light path overlap along the up-down direction in the figure. The up-down direction in the figure is the overlapping direction of the reference light path and the detection light path, but the overlapping direction is not limited to the up-down direction in the figure. When observing along the overlapping direction, the reference light path and the detection light path overlap. The overlap between the reference light path and the detection light path is not limited to complete overlap, and can also be a partial overlap between the two. More preferably, as Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the reference optical path and the detection optical path are located in the middle position of the left-right direction (X direction) in the detection device 100, that is, both the reference optical path and the detection optical path are located in the middle position area in the left-right direction (X direction) and overlap in the middle position area. In addition, preferably, Figure 5 , Figure 6 In the top cross-sectional view of the detection device 100 shown in FIG. 1 , the switching mechanism 29 is located at a position offset to one side (to the left or right) relative to the middle position in the left-right direction, thereby enabling the optical path and the switching mechanism 29 to be compactly arranged in the detection device 100. Here, the middle position may be the top cross-sectional view of the detection device 100 ( Figure 5 , Figure 6 ) in the left-right direction (X direction), or in the approximately middle position, for example, when the leftmost end in the left-right direction is regarded as Figure 5 The 0% position (+X end) in the X direction in the Figure 5 When the X direction is 100% (-X end), the middle is equivalent to Figure 5 The middle position refers to the 50% position in the X direction. Figure 5 The position of 40% to 60% in the X direction of the switching mechanism 29 is preferably 45% to 55%. In addition, the displacement of the switching mechanism 29 relative to the middle position includes not only the case where the switching mechanism 29 is not in the middle position, but also the case where at least a part (or the whole) of the switching mechanism 29 is in the middle position, that is, as long as the switching mechanism 29 is offset to one side relative to both the reference light path and the detection light path, it can also be that when viewed from above (when viewed in the overlapping direction), the reference light path, the detection light path and the switching mechanism 29 are all within the range of the above-mentioned middle position, and within this range, the switching mechanism 29 is offset to one side relative to the reference light path and the detection light path.

[0051] The fixing method between the switching seat 10 and the window seat 16 can be the same as that between the switching seat 10 and the first optical path seat 6. Specifically, a positioning protrusion can be provided at the portion of the switching seat 10 facing the window seat 16, and a positioning hole can be provided in the window seat 16. The positioning protrusion of the switching seat 10 is inserted into the positioning hole of the window seat 16 from one side of the positioning hole of the window seat 16, and the positioning pin is inserted into the positioning hole of the window seat 16 and the positioning protrusion of the switching seat 10 from the other side of the positioning hole of the window seat 16. In this way, the positioning of the switching seat 10 and the window seat 16 can be reliably achieved. In addition, it is also possible that a corresponding storage hole is provided in the window seat 16 for the output shaft of the switching mechanism 29 protruding toward the window seat 16 side, and the positioning between the switching seat 10 and the window seat 16 can also be achieved.

[0052] When the switching seat 10 is positioned with the first optical path seat 6 and the switching seat 10 is positioned with the window seat 16, a plurality of screws are used to penetrate a plurality of threaded holes pre-formed on the first optical path seat 6, the switching seat 10, and the window seat 16, and the threads are tightened, so as to ensure that the first optical path seat 6, the switching seat 10, and the window seat 16 are connected and fixed together with high precision. In addition, it is also possible that when the switching seat 10 and the first optical path seat 6 are positioned, the switching seat 10 and the first optical path seat 6 are connected by a plurality of screws, and when the switching seat 10 and the window seat 16 are positioned, the switching seat 10 and the window seat 16 are connected by a plurality of screws. In this way, the accuracy of the optical path described later can be guaranteed, and the deviation of the light during transmission in the optical path caused by the assembly error of each component can be suppressed.

[0053] <Window Seat>

[0054] The window seat 16 is connected to the first outer cover 3. The above-mentioned detection area D is formed in the window seat 16. The detection area D is formed by being recessed from the outside of the window seat 16 toward the inside. Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the detection area D has a first window piece 26, a second window piece 25 and a third window piece 24. The first window piece 26 allows the light of the detection light path to pass through, so that the light is incident on the water inside the detection area D. The second window piece 25 allows the scattered light and fluorescence caused by the light irradiating the water to be detected to pass through and then be incident on the first sensor 14 described later. The third window piece 24 is opposite to the first window piece 26, and allows the light that is incident on the inside of the detection area through the first window piece 26 to be emitted from the detection area D, thereby being incident on the second sensor 19 described later.

[0055] Optionally, in order to meet the optical path required for testing, in the Y direction, the distance between the first window piece 26 and the third window piece 24 is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 50 mm.

[0056] That is, by forming a detection area D on the window seat 16, there is a light outlet (the first window piece 26) and two light inlets (the second window piece 25 and the third window piece 24) on the outer periphery of the detection device 100. Thus, real-time in-situ detection can be performed by placing the detection area D of the detection device 100 into the water to be detected.

[0057] <Socket Cover and Second Cover>

[0058] The socket cover 1 is joined to the side of the first housing 3 opposite to the window seat 16 ( Figure 3 on the left side of the image). Figure 7 2 is a top view of the socket cover 1. A circuit plug 28 is provided on the end surface of the socket cover 1 exposed to the outside. Through the circuit plug 28, the detection device 100 is connected to a power source and a communication interface.

[0059] The second cover 17 is joined to the side of the window seat 16 opposite to the first cover 3 ( Figure 3 The right side of the window protects the internal optical path and circuit of the window seat 16 from being exposed to the outside. Figure 3 As shown, the second outer cover 17 includes a first protective cover 21, which is used to block light and prevent dust from entering the light path.

[0060] <Light Path>

[0061] The following is based on Figure 4 The optical path of the present application is described.

[0062] like Figure 4 As shown, there is a light source optical path channel K1 for light to pass through in the first optical path seat 6. The switching seat 10 has a first switching optical path channel K8 and a second switching optical path channel K3, the first switching optical path channel K8 and the second switching optical path channel K3 are parallel to each other (here, parallel means that the axes or center lines of the channels are parallel to each other, and the same applies to the subsequent channels being parallel to each other), the first switching optical path channel K8 is connected to the light source optical path channel K1 (it can also be said to be aligned), so that the light from the first optical path seat 6 can enter the first switching optical path channel K8, a first beam splitter 8 is arranged in the middle of the first switching optical path channel K8, a part of the light in the first switching optical path channel K8 is divided into the first reflection optical path K2 at the first beam splitter 8, and a first reflector 9 is arranged in the switching seat 10, and the light entering the first reflection optical path K2 enters the second switching optical path channel K3 through the first reflector 9. The first reflector 9 and the first beam splitter 8 are arranged parallel to each other, and the inclination angle of the two is preferably 45°.

[0063] The second optical path seat 13 is accommodated in the window seat 16, and the first sensor 14 is supported in the second optical path seat 13. The second optical path seat 13 has a first window seat optical path channel K9 and a second window seat optical path channel K4. The first window seat optical path channel K9 and the second window seat optical path channel K4 are parallel to each other, the first window seat optical path channel K9 is connected to the first switching optical path channel K8, and the second window seat optical path channel K4 is connected to the second switching optical path channel K3. A second beam splitter 15 is arranged in the middle of the second window seat optical path channel K4, and part of the light in the second window seat optical path channel K4 is divided into the first sensor optical path channel K5 at the second beam splitter 15. The first sensor 14 is arranged on the first sensor optical path channel K5 (that is, part of the light in the second window seat optical path channel K4 is reflected to the first sensor 14 at the second beam splitter 15). The first reflector 9 and the second beam splitter 15 are arranged parallel to each other, and the inclination angle of the two is preferably 45°.

[0064] In this application, if Figure 4 As shown, the detection area D constitutes the detection area optical path channel K10, which is located between the first window piece 26 and the third window piece 24, the first window seat optical path channel K9 is connected to the detection area optical path channel K10 via the first window piece 26, the detection area optical path channel K10 is connected to the first sensor 14 via the scattered optical path channel K11, the second window piece 25 is arranged in the middle of the scattered optical path channel K11, and the scattered optical path channel K11 is connected to the first sensor optical path channel K5 via the second beam splitter 15 (that is, the detection area optical path channel K10 is connected to the first sensor 14 via the second window piece 25). That is, the first window seat optical path channel K9 and the detection area optical path channel K10 are separated by the first window piece 26. The first window seat optical path channel K9 is located in the window seat 16, and the detection area optical path channel K10 is located in the detection area D outside the window seat 16. The light passing through the detection area optical path channel K10 can irradiate the liquid passing through the detection area D. The light irradiates the liquid to stimulate fluorescence or generate scattered light. The fluorescence or scattered light passes through the scattered light path channel K11, and is irradiated to the second spectroscope 15 via the second window piece 25, and then is incident on the first sensor 14.

[0065] like Figure 4As shown, the window seat 16 also contains a third optical path seat 22, in which the second sensor 19 is supported, and the third optical path seat 22 has a third window seat optical path channel K12 and a fourth window seat optical path channel K6, the third window seat optical path channel K12 and the fourth window seat optical path channel K6 are parallel to each other, the third window seat optical path channel K12 is connected to the detection area optical path channel K10, the fourth window seat optical path channel K6 is connected to the second window seat optical path channel K4, and a third beam splitter 20 is provided in the third optical path seat 22, and a portion of the light entering the fourth window seat optical path channel K6 is connected to the detection area optical path channel K10. Part of the light is divided into the second sensor optical path channel K7 at the third beam splitter 20 (reflected to the second sensor 19 by the third beam splitter 20), and the third optical path seat 22 is provided with a second reflector 23. The light entering the third window seat optical path channel K12 enters the second reflective optical path channel K13 through the second reflector 23. The second reflective optical path channel K13 is connected to the second sensor optical path channel K7 through the third beam splitter 20. The second sensor 19 is provided on the second sensor optical path channel K7 (that is, the second reflective optical path channel K13 is irradiated to the second sensor 19 through the third beam splitter 20). The second reflector 23 and the third beam splitter 20 are provided in parallel with each other, and the inclination angle between the two is preferably 45°.

[0066] Based on the above structure, the detection optical path and the reference optical path are realized.

[0067] In the detection optical path, a light L is emitted from the first optical path seat 6, and the divergent irradiated light L passes along the light source optical path channel K1, is converted into a parallel light L by the lens 7, and enters the switching seat 10, passes through the first switching optical path channel K8, passes through the first beam splitter 8, enters the second optical path seat 13 along the first switching optical path channel K8, passes along the first window seat optical path channel K9, passes through the first window sheet 26, and is emitted from the detection device 100 to the detection area D exposed to the outside, passes along the detection area optical path channel K10, and when the light L irradiates the water in the detection area D, it excites fluorescence and / or generates scattered light, and the fluorescence and / or scattered light passes through the second window sheet 25 along the scattered optical path channel K11, and further passes through the second beam splitter 15, and is incident on the first sensor 14 along the first sensor optical path channel K5. The first sensor 14 detects the fluorescence and / or scattered light. The light L irradiating the water in the detection area D, after passing through the detection area D, is incident on the third optical path seat 22 through the third window piece 24, passes along the third window seat optical path channel K12 in the third optical path seat 22, and after irradiating the second reflector 23, is reflected to the second reflecting optical path channel K13. The light passing through the second reflecting optical path channel K13 passes through the third beam splitter 20 and is incident on the second sensor 19 along the second sensor optical path channel K7.

[0068] Thus, the light L emitted from the first optical path seat 6 passes through the detection optical path and is incident on the first sensor 14 and the second sensor 19 after passing through the detection area D. The detection optical path includes: a light source optical path channel K1, a first switching optical path channel K8, a first window seat optical path channel K9, a detection area optical path channel K10, a scattered optical path channel K11, a first sensor optical path channel K5, a third window seat optical path channel K12, a second reflected optical path channel K13, and a second sensor optical path channel K7.

[0069] In the reference optical path, the light L is emitted from the first optical path seat 6, and the divergent irradiated light L passes along the light source optical path channel K1, is converted into parallel light L by the lens 7, and enters the switching seat 10, passes through the first switching optical path channel K8, is reflected by the first beam splitter 8, and is irradiated to the first reflector 9 along the first reflection optical path channel K2, is reflected by the first reflector 9, enters the second optical path seat 13 along the second switching optical path channel K3, passes along the second window seat optical path channel K4, and is irradiated to the second beam splitter 15. The light reflected by the second beam splitter 15 is incident on the first sensor optical path channel K5 to the first sensor 14. The light after passing through the second beam splitter 15 continues to pass through the second window seat optical path channel K4, is incident on the third optical path seat 22, passes along the fourth window seat optical path channel K6 in the third optical path seat 22, is irradiated to the third beam splitter 20, is reflected by the third beam splitter 20, and is incident on the second sensor 19 along the second sensor optical path channel K7.

[0070] Thus, the light L emitted from the first optical path seat 6 enters the first sensor 14 and the second sensor 19 through the reference optical path without passing through the detection area D. The first sensor 14 and the second sensor 19 are located in the vertical direction of the light L emitted by the first optical path seat 6, and are located on the same side. The reference optical path has: a light source optical path channel K1, a first switching optical path channel K8, a first reflection optical path channel K2, a second switching optical path channel K3, a second window seat optical path channel K4, a first sensor optical path channel K5, a fourth window seat optical path channel K6, and a second sensor optical path channel K7.

[0071] That is, the detection device 100 is constructed so that its optical path switches between a reference optical path and a detection optical path. In the reference optical path, the light L emitted from the light source enters the first sensor 14 and the second sensor 19 without entering the detection area D. In the detection optical path, the light L emitted from the light source enters the detection area D, and the scattered light and fluorescence caused by the light L irradiating the water to be detected enter the first sensor 14, and the transmitted light of the light L after passing through the water to be detected enters the second sensor 19.

[0072] The switching between the detection optical path and the reference optical path is performed based on the switching plate 12 of the switching seat 10. Figure 4As shown, the switching piece 12 is located between the switching seat 10 and the second optical path seat 13. Through the switching mechanism 29 as a driving source, the switching piece 12 swings up and down to selectively shield one of the detection optical path and the reference optical path. Specifically, when switching to the reference optical path, the switching piece 12 swings downward to between the first switching optical path channel K8 and the first window seat optical path channel K9 to shield the light, so that the light cannot enter the first window seat optical path channel K9 from the first switching optical path channel K8. When switching to the detection optical path, the switching piece 12 swings upward to between the second switching optical path channel K3 and the second window seat optical path channel K4 to shield the light, so that the light cannot enter the second window seat optical path channel K4 from the second switching optical path channel K3.

[0073] As described above, the switching seat 10 is located between the first optical path seat 6 and the window seat 16. Specifically, the switching seat 10 is positioned relative to the first optical path seat 6 by the positioning pins in a manner that the light source optical path channel K1 is connected to the first switching optical path channel K8, and the switching seat 10 is positioned relative to the window seat 16 by the positioning pins in a manner that the second switching optical path channel K3 is able to communicate with the second window seat optical path channel K4 and the first switching optical path channel K8 is able to communicate with the first window seat optical path channel K9.

[0074] It should be noted that the various optical paths described above are not limited to independent optical paths located in different components, but also include different parts of the optical path located in the same component. For example, the second window seat optical path channel K4 and the first sensor optical path channel K5 are both optical paths for light propagation in the second optical path seat 13, and the light propagating in the second window seat optical path channel K4 is reflected to the first sensor optical path channel K5 via the second beam splitter 15. That is, the naming of each optical path channel is not limited to the independent existence of each optical path channel located in different components, but also includes the situation where each optical path channel is located in the same component and belongs to different parts for light propagation.

[0075] In addition, the above-described situation of light path channel connection includes not only the situation that the light path channels are directly connected to each other, but also the situation that the light path channels are connected to each other but are temporarily blocked. In addition, the situation of light path channel connection not only refers to the alignment of the light path channels when the light path seats (first light path seat 6, second light path seat 13, third light path seat 22) and the switching seat 10 are structurally connected, but also refers to the transmission path of light in the light path channel. Figure 4For example, the first window seat optical path channel K9 is connected with the first switching optical path channel K8, and the second window seat optical path channel K4 is connected with the second switching optical path channel K3, which means that when the switching seat 10 and the second optical path seat 13 are structurally connected together, the first switching optical path channel K8 is aligned with the first window seat optical path channel K9, and the second switching optical path channel K3 is aligned with the second window seat optical path channel K4, and the switching seat 10 and the second optical path seat 13 are connected in such an alignment. That is, the connection between the optical path channels can also be understood as the coincidence of the axes of the optical path channels. In addition, the first window seat optical path channel K9 is connected with the first switching optical path channel K8, and the second window seat optical path channel K4 is connected with the second switching optical path channel K3, which also means that light can be transmitted to the first window seat optical path channel K9 via the first switching optical path channel K8, and light can be transmitted to the second window seat optical path channel K4 via the second switching optical path channel K3. Similarly, Figure 4 In the figure, the first window seat optical path channel K9 is connected with the detection area optical path channel K10, and the detection area optical path channel K10 is connected with the first sensor 14, which means that light can be transmitted to the detection area optical path channel K10 via the first window seat optical path channel K9, and light can be transmitted to the first sensor 14 via the detection area optical path channel K10.

[0076] In addition, the description of the connection of the optical path channel does not mean that the optical path channel can only be connected with the object of the description. For example, the second window seat optical path channel K4 is connected with the second switching optical path channel K3, and the first window seat optical path channel K9 is connected with the first switching optical path channel K8, but it does not mean that the first switching optical path channel K8 is not connected with the second switching optical path channel K3 and the second window seat optical path channel K4. For example, light can enter the first switching optical path channel K8 after entering the switching seat 10, and communicate with the second switching optical path channel K3 and the second window seat optical path channel K4 through the first beam splitter 8 set in the middle of the first switching optical path channel K8. Therefore, those skilled in the art should be able to understand the purpose of the arrangement of each component of the present application, and interpret the text recorded in the specification of the present application in accordance with the original intention of the present application on the basis of non-contradiction in combination with the illustrations in the accompanying drawings.

[0077] <Sensor>

[0078] In the present application, there is a first sensor 14 and a second sensor 19 .

[0079] The first sensor 14 is a spectral sensor, which detects spectral information corresponding to scattering and / or fluorescence. The spectral sensor includes: a quantum dot spectrometer, which includes a plurality of quantum dot spectrometer regions for spectrometry; a quantum dot filter film, which is used to filter out useless spectra in the light L emitted from the light source to reduce interference with the test results of the first sensor 14; and a detector, which receives light and monitors water based on the light, the quantum dot spectrometer is located on the receiving side of the detector, and the quantum dot filter film is located on the side of the quantum dot spectrometer opposite to the detector.

[0080] Preferably, the area of ​​the quantum dot spectrometer is larger than the area of ​​the quantum dot filter film, that is, part of the quantum dot filter film is not covered by the quantum dot filter film, and the light emitted by the light source can enter the detector through the part of the quantum dot filter film not covered by the quantum dot filter film.

[0081] The quantum dot filter film has multiple filter areas, and the multiple filter areas can filter light of at least two bands, that is, the multiple filter areas correspond to the wavelengths of the light emitted by the LED light board 4, and can filter out the light L emitted from the LED light board 4. Or on the part of the quantum dot spectrometer covered by the quantum dot filter film, the filter area corresponds to the spectroscopic area, which is used to filter out the light directly emitted by the LED light board 4 that is irradiated into the corresponding spectroscopic area.

[0082] The quantum dot filter film is formed by integrating and designing quantum dot materials to form a filter film, which further reduces the volume of the probe and reduces the power consumption of the probe. The detector area can be reasonably divided according to the spectral detection requirements for detecting organic matter. The quantum dot filter film, for example, has a filter area on the left and a filter area on the right, and the filter area on the left and the filter area on the right are not symmetrically arranged, that is, multiple filter areas can be equally divided or unequally divided in the quantum dot filter film, and can be symmetrically arranged or asymmetrically arranged. The specific setting method can be reasonably set by a technician in this field according to actual needs.

[0083] also, Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the detection area D of the detection device 100. Figure 8 As shown, the first window sheet 26 and the third window sheet 24 are opposite to each other along the irradiation direction of the light L, and the second window sheet 25 can be set at the following position to draw the center line O of the receiving surface of the first sensor 14, and the center line O is, for example, when observed in a direction orthogonal to the light L (for example Figure 8 The center line O is at a set angle relative to the direction of the light L entering the detection area D from the LED light board 4 (the direction opposite to the first window piece 26 and the third window piece 24), and the set angle is within the range of 45° to 135°, preferably 90°. The first sensor 14 is located on the side of the second window piece 25 opposite to the detection area D.

[0084] The second sensor 19 may have the same structure as the first sensor 14 except that it does not have a quantum dot filter film. The second sensor 19 detects spectral information corresponding to the transmission.

[0085] <Detection system>

[0086] exist Fig. 9 and Fig.10 FIG. 1 shows a detection system including a detection device 100. Fig. 9 As shown, the detection system comprises: the above-mentioned detection device 100; a code scanning device 42, which is used to identify the identification information of the land to be detected or the water body to be detected, such as a QR code at a well, etc.; a sampling device 43, which is used to draw the water to be detected from the water source of the land to be detected; a control unit and a power supply 40, which are used to control the operation of each component in the detection system.

[0087] The detection device 100 can be connected to the sampling device 43, so that the water sample sucked by the sampling device 43 can contact the detection device 100, and the water sample can be detected by the detection device 100. The connecting line 41 electrically connects the control unit and the power supply 40 to the detection device 100, thereby controlling the operation of the detection device 100. In addition, the connecting line 41 also electrically connects the control unit and the power supply 40 to the code scanning device 42, thereby controlling the operation of the code scanning device 42.

[0088] exist Fig. 9 4 shows a detection system with a separate control unit and power supply 40. However, it can also be, for example Fig.10 As shown, the control unit and the power supply are built into the detection device 100. At this time, the code scanning device 42 is electrically connected to the detection device 100 through the connection line 41, and the control unit and the power supply built into the detection device 100 control the operation of the code scanning device 42 through the connection line 41.

[0089] When using the detection system for detection, the sampling device 43 is used to take samples first, and then the detection device 100 is placed in the sampling device 43 for detection. This detection system is relatively convenient to use. Before deployment, samples can be taken to preliminarily determine the water quality of the site to be tested, and a matching detection device deployment plan can be set according to the situation.

[0090] <Effect>

[0091] In the present application, by using an LED lamp board 4 with multiple wicks, it is possible to improve the utilization rate of light energy, increase the integration of the light source, and use a lens group with a large numerical aperture. The wavelength band of the fluorescent excitation light source is enriched, and multi-wavelength LED integration is achieved through a multi-core integration method. The spacing between the wicks is 150μm to 300μm.

[0092] By setting a quantum dot filter film on the first sensor 14, stray light is reduced, and the filter film integrated with the quantum dot spectrum can reduce the influence of the light source. That is, the light L (excitation light) directly emitted by the LED light board 4 is not allowed to irradiate the quantum dot spectrometer. The light (generally fluorescence) after passing through the organic matter (impurities) in the water is allowed to pass. The accuracy of the detector in identifying the components of the sample (water) under test is improved. Traditional spectrometers need to use a dichroic mirror to filter out the excitation light (the light L directly emitted by the light source). However, the dichroic mirror has high requirements for the incident light angle of the excitation light to be filtered, and sufficient space is required to adjust the setting angle of the dichroic mirror, or to set the dichroic mirror at different angles. The quantum dot filter film of the present application has a lower requirement for the incident angle, which saves space in comparison. Therefore, the detection device of the present application is easy to carry, can adapt to the requirements of in-situ detection (that is, directly detect in the liquid to be detected, without the need to extract the liquid to the shore or other containers for detection), and improve the efficiency of material recognition.

[0093] For the water to be tested, the LED light board 4 can be used to emit excitation light of different wavelengths, so that these excitation lights are sequentially irradiated on the sample to be tested (water). The sample to be tested can emit fluorescence after being irradiated with the excitation light. The wavelengths or wavelengths of the fluorescence can be different. After multiple fluorescences with different wavelengths or bands are irradiated onto the first sensor 14 separately, the quantum dot spectrometer can be used to split the multiple fluorescences, and the fluorescence is divided into multiple fluorescences with narrower wavelengths, so that the light can be analyzed later for easy detection.

[0094] As described above, by using the integrated light source of the LED light board 4 and the filtering of the quantum dot filter film, the light source is enriched while the influence of stray light is reduced, thereby improving the detection sensitivity and the signal-to-noise ratio of the optical path, and being able to detect multiple components in water.

[0095] In addition, in addition to using the first sensor 14 to detect the spectrum of fluorescence and / or scattered light, the second sensor 19 is also used to detect the spectrum of transmitted light. Therefore, various spectral information such as transmission, scattering, and fluorescence can be monitored, and water can be further detected with multiple parameters. The sensitivity can be further improved, and various components in the water can be further detected.

[0096] In addition, since there are a reference optical path and a detection optical path, the light L from the LED light board 4 can be detected more accurately before irradiating the water by switching to the reference optical path, which can be used as a reference. After obtaining a reliable reference, switching to the detection path and detecting the water, and correcting the detection result based on the above reference can obtain a more accurate detection result.

Claims

1. A detection device for monitoring water environment, characterized in that: The detection device (100) comprises: A first outer cover (3), wherein the maximum radial dimension of the first outer cover (3) is less than or equal to 60 mm; A first optical path seat (6) is received in the first outer cover (3), the first optical path seat (6) comprising: a light source capable of emitting light (L) of at least two wavelengths and a light source optical path channel (K1) for the light to pass through, the light source comprising a plurality of lamp cores arranged in an integrated manner; a window seat (16) connected to the first outer cover (3), the window seat having a detection area exposed to the outside of the detection device, the detection area being for water to be detected to flow through or fill, and the light emitted from the light source being able to be projected into the detection area; a first sensor (14) that detects spectral information corresponding to scattering and / or fluorescence; and a second sensor (19) which detects spectral information corresponding to the transmission, The detection device (100) is configured such that its optical path is switched between a reference optical path and a detection optical path. In the reference light path, the light (L) emitted from the light source enters the first sensor and the second sensor without entering the detection area, In the detection optical path, the light (L) emitted from the light source enters the detection area, the scattered light and fluorescence caused by the light (L) irradiating the water to be detected enter the first sensor, and the transmitted light of the light (L) after passing through the water to be detected enters the second sensor. The detection area has a first window plate (26), a second window plate (25) and a third window plate (24). The first window piece (26) allows the light (L) of the detection light path to pass through, so that the light (L) is incident on the water inside the detection area. The second window (25) allows scattered light and fluorescence caused by the light (L) irradiating the water to be detected to pass through and then be emitted to the first sensor (14). The third window piece (24) is opposite to the first window piece (26), and allows the light (L) incident into the interior of the detection area via the first window piece (26) to be incident on the second sensor (19).

2. The detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first sensor (14) is a spectral sensor, which comprises: a quantum dot spectrometer, which comprises a plurality of quantum dot spectrometer regions for splitting light; a quantum dot filter film, which is used to filter out useless spectra in the light (L) emitted from the light source; and a detector, which receives the light and monitors water based on the light, wherein the quantum dot spectrometer is located on the receiving side of the detector, and the quantum dot filter film is located on the side of the quantum dot spectrometer opposite to the detector; and / or, An imaginary line (O) orthogonal to the receiving surface of the first sensor (14) is at an angle of 45° to 135° relative to the first window sheet (26) and the third window sheet (24).

3. The detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection device (100) further comprises a switching seat (10), wherein a switching plate (12) is arranged in the switching seat (10), and the switching plate (12) switches the optical path of the detection device (100) to the other of the reference optical path and the detection optical path by blocking one of the reference optical path and the detection optical path; and / or, A socket cover (1) is connected to the side of the first outer cover (3) opposite to the window seat (16), a second outer cover (17) is connected to the side of the window seat (16) opposite to the first outer cover (3), and sealing rings (2, 11, 18) are sandwiched between the socket cover (1) and the first outer cover (3), between the first outer cover (3) and the window seat (16), and between the window seat (16) and the second outer cover (17).

4. The detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The switching seat (10) has a first switching optical path channel (K8) and a second switching optical path channel (K3), wherein the first switching optical path channel (K8) and the second switching optical path channel (K3) are parallel to each other. The first switching optical path channel (K8) is connected to the light source optical path channel (K1), so that light from the first optical path seat (6) can enter the first switching optical path channel (K8). A first beam splitter (8) is arranged in the middle of the first switching optical path channel (K8), the first beam splitter (8) is located on the side of the first window sheet (26) close to the light source, and a part of the light in the first switching optical path channel (K8) is split into the first reflecting optical path channel (K2) at the first beam splitter (8). The switching seat (10) is provided with a first reflector (9), and the light entering the first reflecting light path channel (K2) enters the second switching light path channel (K3) through the first reflector (9).

5. The detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The window seat (16) contains a second optical path seat (13), and the first sensor (14) is supported in the second optical path seat (13). The second optical path seat (13) has a first window seat optical path channel (K9) and a second window seat optical path channel (K4), the first window seat optical path channel (K9) and the second window seat optical path channel (K4) are parallel to each other, The first window seat optical path channel (K9) is connected to the first switching optical path channel (K8), and the second window seat optical path channel (K4) is connected to the second switching optical path channel (K3). A second beam splitter (15) is arranged in the middle of the second window seat optical path channel (K4), and a part of the light in the second window seat optical path channel (K4) is reflected toward the first sensor at the second beam splitter (15).

6. The detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The detection area forms a detection area light path channel (K10), and the detection area light path channel (K10) is located between the first window piece (26) and the third window piece (24). The first window seat optical path channel (K9) is connected to the detection area optical path channel (K10) via the first window sheet (26). The detection zone optical path channel (K10) is connected to the first sensor (14) via the second window piece (25); and / or, A third optical path seat (22) is accommodated in the window seat (16), and the second sensor (19) is supported in the third optical path seat (22). The third optical path seat (22) has a third window seat optical path channel (K12) and a fourth window seat optical path channel (K6), and the third window seat optical path channel (K12) and the fourth window seat optical path channel (K6) are parallel to each other. The third window seat optical path channel (K12) is connected to the detection area optical path channel (K10), and the fourth window seat optical path channel (K6) is connected to the second window seat optical path channel (K4). A third beam splitter (20) is provided on the third optical path seat (22), and a portion of the light entering the optical path channel (K6) of the fourth window seat is reflected by the third beam splitter (20) to the second sensor (19). The third optical path seat (22) is provided with a second reflector (23), and light entering the optical path channel (K12) of the third window seat enters the second reflective optical path channel (K13) through the second reflector (23). The second reflection light path channel (K13) is irradiated to the second sensor (19) through the third beam splitter (20).

7. The detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The switching seat (10) is located between the first optical path seat (6) and the window seat (16). The switching seat (10) is positioned relative to the first optical path seat (6) by means of a positioning pin in such a way that the light source optical path channel (K1) is connected to the first switching optical path channel (K8). The switching seat (10) is positioned relative to the window seat (16) by means of a positioning pin in such a way that the second switching optical path channel (K3) can communicate with the second window seat optical path channel (K4) and the first switching optical path channel (K8) can communicate with the first window seat optical path channel (K9).

8. The detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: When observed along the overlapping direction in which the reference light path and the detection light path overlap, the reference light path and the detection light path overlap at a middle position of the detection device, When viewed along the overlapping direction, a switching mechanism (29) for driving the switching piece (12) is located at a position offset to one side relative to the middle position.

9. A detection system, characterized in that: include: A sampling device for taking water samples from the site to be tested; as well as A detection device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The detection system according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes: a code scanning device connected to the detection device signal, used to identify the identification information of the land to be detected or the water body to be detected.

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