Circuit breaker energy storage spring detection method based on acoustoelectric combination
By adopting a combination of acousto-electric detection method in high-voltage circuit breakers, combined with the detection response of current and ultrasonic signals, the problems of low efficiency and low accuracy of energy storage spring fault detection in the prior art are solved, and efficient and accurate online monitoring and detection are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411960655.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-28
AI Technical Summary
The prior art is inefficient and prone to missed detection when detecting the failure of energy storage springs in high-voltage circuit breakers. Especially when a single emission source does not interact with the internal defects of the energy storage spring, it will lead to inaccuracy of the detection results.
Using a detection method based on a combination of sound and electricity, an ultrasonic receiver is arranged on the inner wall of the circuit breaker energy storage spring and an electrical signal receiver is set on one end of the energy storage spring to pass the detection current into the energy storage spring, and a comprehensive detection response of the current and ultrasonic signals is obtained to determine whether there are defects inside the energy storage spring.
It realizes real-time online monitoring and detection of energy storage springs without disassembling them, improves detection efficiency and accuracy, and significantly enhances comprehensive inspection of energy storage springs.
Smart Images
Figure CN119716529A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of circuit breaker operation and maintenance, and in particular to a circuit breaker energy storage spring detection method based on acoustic and electrical combination. Background Art
[0002] Most of the failures of high-voltage circuit breakers are caused by mechanical reasons, and among the mechanical failures of high-voltage circuit breakers, energy storage spring failures account for a large proportion. The existing inspection method for energy storage springs first requires the high-voltage circuit breaker to stop working, and then the energy storage spring is disassembled for inspection. The inspection efficiency is low. The non-destructive detection method for energy storage springs generally relies on a single emission source. When the single emission source does not interact with the internal defects of the energy storage spring, missed detection may occur, reducing the accuracy of energy storage spring detection. Summary of the invention
[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a circuit breaker energy storage spring detection method based on the combination of sound and electricity. The embodiment of the present application performs real-time online monitoring and detection of the energy storage spring without disassembling the energy storage spring by passing a detection current, thereby improving the detection efficiency of the energy storage spring. At the same time, two detection response signals, an ultrasonic signal and a current signal, can be generated by passing a detection current once. Whether there are defects inside the energy storage spring can be comprehensively judged by the two detection response signals, thereby significantly improving the comprehensiveness of the energy storage spring detection and the accuracy of the detection results.
[0004] The above application objectives of this application are achieved through the following technical solutions: A circuit breaker energy storage spring detection method based on acoustic and electrical combination includes the following steps: Insulate the connection points at both ends of the energy storage spring; An ultrasonic receiver is arranged on the inner wall of the chamber where the circuit breaker energy storage spring is located; An electric signal receiver is arranged at one end of the energy storage spring; A detection current is passed through the energy storage spring in the working state so that the detection current passes through the energy storage spring; Obtain the detection current waveform passing through the energy storage spring to determine whether there is a defect inside the energy storage spring; When it is determined according to the detected current waveform that a defect occurs inside the energy storage spring, a current ultrasonic signal received by the ultrasonic receiver is obtained; Based on the acquired ultrasonic signal, determine whether partial discharge occurs inside the energy storage spring; When it is determined that partial discharge occurs inside the energy storage spring, it is determined that the energy storage spring is currently in a fault state.
[0005] In summary, this application has the following beneficial technical effects: The embodiment of the present application performs real-time online monitoring and detection of the energy storage spring without disassembling the energy storage spring by passing a detection current, thereby improving the detection efficiency of the energy storage spring. At the same time, two detection response signals, an ultrasonic signal and a current signal, can be generated by passing a detection current once. Whether there are defects inside the energy storage spring can be comprehensively judged through the two detection response signals, thereby significantly improving the comprehensiveness of the energy storage spring detection and the accuracy of the detection results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0006] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of an implementation method of the present application; Figure 2 It is a layout diagram of an implementation method of the present application; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the equivalent resistance of internal defects of an energy storage spring according to one embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of positioning the internal defect position of the energy storage spring according to one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0007] The following is combined with Figure 1 -Attached Figure 4 This application is described in further detail.
[0008] In order to more clearly understand the technical solution presented in the embodiment of the present application, a brief introduction is first given to the existing high-voltage circuit breaker and the energy storage spring therein.
[0009] Most of the failures of high-voltage circuit breakers are caused by mechanical reasons. High-voltage circuit breakers have energy storage spring operating mechanisms. The energy storage spring is the operating power of the circuit breaker and plays an important role in its operating performance and reliability. Since the spring works under a variable load of compression or tension in the circuit breaker, it will inevitably suffer from fatigue aging, deformation and even breakage after long-term use. In substations, as the service life of circuit breakers increases, the fatigue problem of their operating springs will gradually become prominent.
[0010] Under normal operation, high-voltage circuit breakers control the switching operation of lines and equipment; when a fault occurs, the faulty line is quickly cut off to prevent the further expansion of the fault. Therefore, once a high-voltage circuit breaker fails, it will directly endanger the operational reliability of the system and may cause significant power outage losses. According to relevant statistics, more than 30% of the maintenance costs of substations are spent on routine inspections of high-voltage circuit breakers. Overhauls are not only time-consuming but also very expensive. A considerable number of high-voltage circuit breaker failures are caused by incorrect maintenance.
[0011] At present, the methods mainly focus on energy storage motor current detection, spring pressure detection, and industrial X-ray detection of equipment to achieve abnormal measurement of circuit breaker springs. Energy storage motor current detection mainly finds problems with energy storage motors, and cannot directly reflect circuit breaker spring failures. The non-destructive detection method for energy storage springs is generally industrial X-ray detection of energy storage springs. X-ray detection can only detect large defects, but not small potential defects such as crack defects. These defects have the characteristics of small size and low absorption rate of x-rays, and the defect locations are also varied, which makes x-ray imaging detection difficult. A single emission source emits waves or particles to the energy storage spring, which generally misses detection. That is, when the waves or particles emitted by a single emission source do not interact with the defects inside the energy storage spring, it will show that there is no fault in the current area, which reduces the accuracy of energy storage spring detection.
[0012] In view of the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present application provides a circuit breaker energy storage spring detection method based on acoustic and electrical combination, comprising the following steps: S101, insulating the connection between the two ends of the energy storage spring and the mounting seat of the circuit breaker for connecting the energy storage spring, so that the energy storage spring and the mounting seat are insulated; S102, disposing an ultrasonic receiver for receiving ultrasonic signals on the inner wall of the chamber where the circuit breaker energy storage spring is located; S103, disposing an electrical signal receiver at one end of the energy storage spring, the electrical signal receiver being located outside the energy storage spring and being used to receive an electrical signal passing through the energy storage spring; S104, passing a detection current into the energy storage spring in the working state, so that the detection current passes through the energy storage spring; S105, obtaining a detection current waveform passing through the energy storage spring through an electrical signal receiver to determine whether there is a defect inside the energy storage spring; S106, when it is determined that there is no defect inside the energy storage spring according to the detected current waveform, return to step S104 to achieve real-time monitoring of the state of the energy storage spring; S107, when it is determined according to the detected current waveform that a defect occurs inside the energy storage spring, obtaining a current ultrasonic signal received by the ultrasonic receiver; S108, judging whether partial discharge occurs inside the energy storage spring based on the acquired ultrasonic signal; S109, when it is determined that no partial discharge occurs inside the energy storage spring, return to step S104 to implement real-time monitoring of the state of the energy storage spring; S110: When it is determined that partial discharge occurs inside the energy storage spring, it is determined that the energy storage spring is currently in a fault state and an alarm message is issued.
[0013] The following is a further introduction based on specific usage scenarios.
[0014] First, step S101 is performed to insulate the connection between the two ends of the energy storage spring and the mounting seat of the circuit breaker for connecting the energy storage spring, so that the energy storage spring and the mounting seat are insulated. In this way, when a detection current is subsequently passed into the energy storage spring, the normal operation of the circuit breaker is not affected. It should be understood that the energy storage spring of the circuit breaker is generally installed in an independent chamber to isolate the energy storage spring from other components of the circuit breaker. When the circuit breaker is closed and opened, the latch as the actuator and the internal conductor of the circuit breaker are not in contact with the energy storage spring. After the two ends of the energy storage spring are insulated from the mounting seat, whether there is current in the energy storage spring has no effect on the normal operation of the circuit breaker. Then, step S102 is performed to arrange an ultrasonic receiver for receiving ultrasonic signals on the inner wall of the chamber where the circuit breaker energy storage spring is located, and one side of the ultrasonic receiver is fixed on the inner wall of the chamber; In step S103, an electrical signal receiver is provided at one end of the energy storage spring, the electrical signal receiver is located outside the energy storage spring, and can be used to receive an electrical signal passing through the energy storage spring; Then, step S104 is performed to pass a detection current into the energy storage spring in the working state, so that the detection current passes through the energy storage spring. The point where the detection current is passed should be far away from the installation position of the electric signal receiver installed on the energy storage spring, so that the detection current can pass through most areas of the energy storage spring. It should be understood that the detection current is passed from one end of the energy storage spring and then reaches the electric signal receiver at the other end of the energy storage spring, thereby forming a current path in the energy storage spring. In step S105, the detection current waveform passing through the energy storage spring is obtained by the electric signal receiver. When the detection current passes through the energy storage spring and is received by the electric signal receiver, the detection current waveform passing through the energy storage spring can be obtained. When the energy storage spring is in a normal state, the current detection current waveform passing through the energy storage spring is close to the standard detection current waveform. When a defect occurs inside the energy storage spring, a typical fault waveform such as a short circuit or an open circuit will appear in the detection circuit waveform obtained by the electric signal receiver, thereby judging whether a defect occurs inside the energy storage spring. Of course, the defects inside the energy storage spring refer to cracks caused by breakage or process. When cracks appear inside the energy storage spring, the cracks will interfere with the normal current passing through, thereby showing abnormalities on the waveform received by the electrical signal receiver; In step S106, when it is determined that there is no defect inside the energy storage spring according to the detected current waveform, the process returns to step S104 to implement real-time monitoring of the energy storage spring state; When it is determined that there is a defect inside the energy storage spring according to the detected current waveform, step S107 is executed to issue a reminder message and obtain the current ultrasonic signal received by the ultrasonic receiver; S108. Based on the acquired ultrasonic signal, determine whether partial discharge occurs inside the energy storage spring. It should be understood that when a crack appears inside the spring, the crack is isolated and studied, and it can be found that the crack includes two fracture surfaces and a cavity between the two fracture surfaces, which can be equivalent to a capacitor. The aforementioned two fracture surfaces are two capacitor screens of the capacitor, that is, two plates of the capacitor. The cavity between the two fracture surfaces can be regarded as the medium of the capacitor. After the detection current is passed into the energy storage spring, the capacitor is charged. As the detection current continues to pass, the amount of charge on the plates gradually increases, and the current between the two plates increases until the current between the two plates exceeds the breakdown voltage. The breakdown current breaks through the medium between the two plates to form partial discharge. After the breakdown current conducts the capacitor, an ultrasonic excitation signal is generated. The aforementioned ultrasonic excitation signal is received by the ultrasonic receiver to form a recognizable ultrasonic signal. It can be determined whether the ultrasonic signal is generated by partial discharge inside the energy storage spring. When the aforementioned ultrasonic signal is generated by partial discharge inside the energy storage spring, it can be determined that there is an equivalent capacitor inside the energy storage spring, thereby determining that there is a crack defect inside the energy storage spring. S109, when it is determined that no partial discharge occurs inside the energy storage spring, return to step S104 to implement real-time monitoring of the state of the energy storage spring; S110: When it is determined that partial discharge occurs inside the energy storage spring, it is determined that the energy storage spring is currently in a fault state and an alarm message is issued.
[0015] In general, the embodiments of the present application perform real-time online monitoring and detection of the energy storage spring without disassembling the energy storage spring by passing a detection current, thereby improving the detection efficiency of the energy storage spring. At the same time, two detection response signals, an ultrasonic signal and a current signal, can be generated by passing a detection current once. Whether there are defects inside the energy storage spring can be comprehensively judged by the two detection response signals, thereby significantly improving the comprehensiveness of the energy storage spring detection and the accuracy of the detection results.
[0016] In the embodiment of the present application, judging whether there is a defect inside the energy storage spring by detecting the current waveform passing through the energy storage spring includes the following steps: Step S201: obtaining a detection current waveform of a detection current passing through an energy storage spring in a normal state; Step S202: comparing the acquired current detection current waveform of the energy storage spring with the detection current waveform in a normal state, wherein the detection current waveform in the normal state may be a reference detection current waveform formed by collecting the detection current signal after the detection current is passed through the energy storage spring in a normal state; Step S203: Calculate the overall deviation rate of the amplitude of the current detection current waveform of the energy storage spring and the detection current waveform in the normal state during the detection current duration. Specifically, take the start time and the end time of the detection current as the two endpoints of the detection current duration, divide the detection current duration interval into a number of partitions with the same intervals according to the order of occurrence of time, align the current detection current waveform and the detection current waveform in the normal state with the same start and end time, and then calculate the deviation rate of the two waveforms in the several partitions respectively. After calculating the deviation rate after all partitions, perform weighted average on all deviation rates to calculate the overall deviation rate; Step S204: determining whether the current detection current waveform amplitude of the energy storage spring is within a normal range. It should be understood that under normal conditions, the waveform amplitude of the detection current will be distributed within a certain range. When the amplitude of the detection current waveform obviously exceeds the aforementioned range, it can be determined that the current detection current waveform of the energy storage spring is abnormal. Step S205: When the overall deviation rate between the current detection current waveform of the energy storage spring and the detection current waveform in the normal state is greater than the threshold, and the amplitude of the current detection current waveform is not completely within the normal range, it is determined that there is a defect inside the energy storage spring.
[0017] By comparing the current detection current waveform of the energy storage spring with the detection current waveform in the normal state as a whole, the accuracy of energy storage spring fault detection is effectively improved and the possibility of false alarm and missed alarm is reduced.
[0018] In the embodiment of the present application, the acquired current ultrasonic signal is further processed, which specifically includes the following steps: Step S301: filtering the ultrasonic signals that are not within the detection current duration period at the receiving moment, that is, when the ultrasonic signal generated by the circuit breaker when the energy storage spring does not pass the detection current reaches the ultrasonic receiver, the ultrasonic receiver filters out the aforementioned ultrasonic signal and does not perform subsequent processing; Step S302: filtering the typical ultrasonic signal emitted by the energy storage spring itself in a moving state. In the embodiment of the present application, the frequency range of the typical ultrasonic signal emitted by the energy storage spring itself in a moving state can be obtained in advance. When the ultrasonic receiver receives an ultrasonic signal within the frequency range of the typical ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic signal is filtered out; Step S303: Analyze the acquired current ultrasonic signal to extract characteristic data of the ultrasonic signal; Step S304: Establishing a feature vector of the current ultrasonic signal, wherein the feature vector of the ultrasonic signal includes the receiving time, frequency, amplitude and duration of the ultrasonic signal.
[0019] By filtering out useless ultrasonic signals and extracting characteristic data of ultrasonic signals, the amount of data for subsequent data calculation is reduced, the efficiency of calculation is improved, and a data basis with high confidence is provided for subsequent steps.
[0020] After processing the ultrasonic signal and extracting its features, the degree of internal fault in the energy storage spring can be determined based on the deviation rate between the current detection current waveform and the detection current waveform in the normal state and the amplitude of the ultrasonic signal. It can be understood that, generally speaking, the greater the deviation rate between the current detection current waveform of the energy storage spring and the detection current waveform in the normal state of the energy storage spring, the greater the deviation rate between the current state of the energy storage spring and the normal state, and the greater the peak amplitude of the ultrasonic signal, the more severe the partial discharge phenomenon inside the energy storage spring. Therefore, when the deviation rate between the current detection current waveform and the normal state detection current waveform is within the normal range, and the amplitude of the ultrasonic signal is also within the normal range, it can be determined that the energy storage spring is in a normal working state; When the deviation rate between the current detection current waveform and the normal detection current waveform decreases, and the ultrasonic signal amplitude is small, it can be judged that the internal fault of the energy storage spring is small; When the deviation rate between the current detection current waveform and the normal detection current waveform is large, and the ultrasonic signal amplitude is large, it can be judged that the internal fault of the energy storage spring is large; As a feasible specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, there are three ultrasonic receivers arranged on the inner wall of the chamber where the circuit breaker energy storage spring is located, and the installation positions of the three ultrasonic receivers are different; The characteristic vector of the current ultrasonic signal obtained by the three ultrasonic receivers is used to locate the fault position of the energy storage spring, which specifically includes the following steps: Step S401: dividing three ultrasonic receivers installed at different positions into two receiver groups, each receiver group having two ultrasonic receivers, and the ultrasonic receivers in the two receiver groups are not completely the same, that is, among the three ultrasonic receivers, two are respectively in two different receiver groups, and the other ultrasonic receiver is included in two different receiver groups, that is, two different receiver groups include a same ultrasonic receiver; Step S402: Based on the arrival time difference of the ultrasonic signal at two ultrasonic receivers in the same group, a possible set of fault positions under the receiver group is established. It can be understood that the ultrasonic signal is spread in the chamber where the energy storage spring is located after starting from the excitation source. Since the positional relationship between the three ultrasonic receivers is fixed, there is a difference between the time when the ultrasonic signal emitted by the partial discharge inside the energy storage spring reaches the two ultrasonic receivers in the same group. According to the aforementioned difference, a hyperbola can be drawn between the two ultrasonic receivers in the same group. The intersection of the aforementioned hyperbolas is the location of the two ultrasonic receivers in the same group. The two receiver groups can form two hyperbolas. Any point of the aforementioned hyperbola, for the receiver group where the hyperbola is located, belongs to the set of possible position points where the partial discharge phenomenon of the energy storage spring occurs, that is, the possible set of fault positions. Step S403: performing an intersection operation on the two possible sets of fault positions corresponding to the two groups of receivers, that is, the intersection of the hyperbolas corresponding to the two groups of receivers is the fault position of the energy storage spring, thereby obtaining the fault position of the energy storage spring.
[0021] In the embodiment of the present application, by providing a plurality of ultrasonic receivers, the fault location of the crack in the energy storage spring can be located, which facilitates the operator to subsequently carry out targeted processing of the energy storage spring.
[0022] In an embodiment of the present application, when locating the fault position of the energy storage spring, it is possible to determine whether the two groups of receivers receive the same ultrasonic signal based on the arrival time and frequency in the characteristic vector of the current ultrasonic signal received, thereby improving the accuracy of fault location.
[0023] The embodiments of this specific implementation method are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A circuit breaker energy storage spring detection method based on acoustic and electrical combination, characterized in that: include: Insulate the connection points at both ends of the energy storage spring; An ultrasonic receiver is arranged on the inner wall of the chamber where the circuit breaker energy storage spring is located; An electric signal receiver is arranged at one end of the energy storage spring; A detection current is passed through the energy storage spring in the working state so that the detection current passes through the energy storage spring; Obtain the detection current waveform passing through the energy storage spring to determine whether there is a defect inside the energy storage spring; When it is determined according to the detected current waveform that a defect occurs inside the energy storage spring, a current ultrasonic signal received by the ultrasonic receiver is obtained; Based on the acquired ultrasonic signal, determine whether partial discharge occurs inside the energy storage spring; When it is determined that partial discharge occurs inside the energy storage spring, it is determined that the energy storage spring is currently in a fault state.
2. A circuit breaker energy storage spring detection method based on acoustic and electrical combination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of judging whether there is a defect inside the energy storage spring includes: Obtaining a detection current waveform when the detection current passes through the energy storage spring in a normal state; Compare the acquired current detection current waveform of the energy storage spring with the detection current waveform of the normal state; Calculate the overall deviation rate of the amplitude of the current detection current waveform of the energy storage spring and the detection current waveform in the normal state during the duration of the detection current; Determine whether the current detection current waveform amplitude of the energy storage spring is within the normal range; When the overall deviation rate between the energy storage spring detection current waveform and the detection current waveform in the normal state is greater than the threshold, and the current detection current waveform amplitude is not completely within the normal range, it is determined that a defect occurs inside the energy storage spring.
3. The circuit breaker energy storage spring detection method based on acoustic and electrical combination according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes processing the acquired current ultrasonic signal, including: Filter the ultrasonic signals that are not within the detection current duration period at the receiving moment; Filter the typical ultrasonic signal emitted by the energy storage spring itself when in motion.
4. The circuit breaker energy storage spring detection method based on acoustic and electrical combination according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Also includes: Analyze the acquired current ultrasonic signal and extract characteristic data of the ultrasonic signal; A feature vector of the current ultrasonic signal is established, wherein the ultrasonic signal feature vector includes the receiving time, frequency, amplitude and duration of the ultrasonic signal.
5. A circuit breaker energy storage spring detection method based on acoustic and electrical combination according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are three ultrasonic receivers arranged on the inner wall of the chamber where the circuit breaker energy storage spring is located, and the three ultrasonic receivers are installed at different positions; The fault position of the energy storage spring is located by using the characteristic vector of the current ultrasonic signal obtained by the three ultrasonic receivers.
6. A circuit breaker energy storage spring detection method based on acoustic and electrical combination according to claim 5, characterized in that: Fault location of energy storage spring fault includes: Divide three ultrasonic receivers with different installation positions into two receiver groups, each receiver group has two ultrasonic receivers, and the ultrasonic receivers in the two receiver groups are not completely the same; Based on the arrival time difference of the ultrasonic signal at two ultrasonic receivers in the same group, a possible set of fault locations under the group of receivers is established; The intersection operation is performed on the two possible sets of fault positions corresponding to the two groups of receivers to obtain the fault position of the energy storage spring.
7. A circuit breaker energy storage spring detection method based on acoustic and electrical combination according to claim 6, characterized in that: When locating the fault position of the energy storage spring, it is determined whether the two groups of receivers receive the same ultrasonic signal based on the characteristic vector of the current ultrasonic signal received.
8. The circuit breaker energy storage spring detection method based on acoustic and electrical combination according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The degree of internal fault of the energy storage spring is determined based on the deviation rate between the current detection current waveform and the normal detection current waveform and the amplitude of the ultrasonic signal.