Energy storage system, and addressing system and method thereof

Abstract

The application provides an energy storage system and an addressing system and method thereof. The addressing system comprises N battery management systems, different battery management systems output periodic signals with different duty cycles; a first input interface of a first battery management system is grounded, a first input interface of an Mth battery management system is connected with an output interface of an M-1th battery management system; a second input interface of an Nth battery management system is connected with the output interface, a second input interface of a Kth battery management system is connected with an output interface of a K+1th battery management system; each battery management system identifies as a master or a slave according to a signal level of the first input interface; the slave is addressed according to a signal duty cycle of the first input interface; and a duty cycle of a periodic signal output by each battery management system corresponds to an address. In this way, in combination with the input-output connection relationship of different battery management systems and the periodic signals with different duty cycles, an addressing back-check function is added, and error diagnosis of addressing is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to an energy storage system and an addressing system and method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Existing addressing schemes for energy storage systems, such as Figure 3 As shown, n BMSs (Battery Management Systems), namely, master BMS1, slave BMS2, slave BMS3, and slave BMSn, are interconnected and communicate with each other via communication lines. The IO1 (Input Output 1) and IO2 (Input Output 2) ports of adjacent BMSs are connected via signal lines, and multiple BMSs are connected in parallel via communication lines.

[0003] However, the addressing method corresponding to the above addressing scheme cannot diagnose addressing errors that occur during the addressing process. For example, the correct address of slave BMS3 is 3, but the address of slave BMS3 is 4. The signal line and communication line cannot determine that the address of slave BMS3 is not 3, which means that it cannot be determined that the addressing of slave BMS3 is incorrect.

[0004] This reduces the accuracy of addressing the energy storage system, thereby affecting the accurate operation of the entire energy storage system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related art.

[0006] To this end, a first aspect of the present invention is to provide an addressing system for an energy storage system.

[0007] A second aspect of the present invention is to provide an addressing method for an energy storage system.

[0008] The third aspect of the present invention is to provide an energy storage system.

[0009] In view of this, according to a first aspect of the present invention, an addressing system for an energy storage system is proposed, comprising: N battery management systems, each battery management system comprising: a first communication interface, the first communication interfaces of the N battery management systems are connected in parallel; a second communication interface, the second communication interfaces of the N battery management systems are connected in parallel; an output interface, the output interfaces of different battery management systems are used to output periodic signals with different duty cycles; a first input interface, the first input interface of the first battery management system is grounded, the first input interface of the Mth battery management system is connected to the output interface of the M-1th battery management system, 1<M≤N, M is a positive integer; a second input interface, the output interface of the Mth battery management system is connected to the output interface of the M-1th battery management system, 1<M≤N, M is a positive integer; The second input interfaces of N battery management systems are connected to the output interface of the Nth battery management system, and the second input interface of the Kth battery management system is connected to the output interface of the K+1th battery management system, 1≤K<N, and K is a positive integer; wherein each battery management system is identified as a master or a slave according to the signal level of the first input interface; each battery management system identified as a slave is addressed according to the signal duty cycle of the first input interface; the duty cycle of the periodic signal output by the output interface of each battery management system corresponds to the address of each battery management system; each battery management system identified as a slave is identified as an end machine or a non-end machine according to the signal duty cycle of the second input interface.

[0010] The addressing system of the energy storage system provided by the present invention includes N battery management systems, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0011] Each battery management system includes a first communication interface, a second communication interface, an output interface, a first input interface, and a second input interface.

[0012] The first communication interfaces of the N battery management systems are connected in parallel via a first communication line, and the second communication interfaces of the N battery management systems are connected in parallel via a second communication line. Different battery management systems can communicate with each other via the first communication interface and the second communication interface.

[0013] Furthermore, the output interfaces of different battery management systems are used to output periodic signals with different duty cycles, where the periodic signals may be periodic square wave signals (e.g., with a period of 1 second). Furthermore, the duty cycle of the periodic signal output by the output interface of each battery management system corresponds to the address of each battery management system.

[0014] Furthermore, the first input interface of the first battery management system is grounded, and the first input interface of the Mth battery management system is connected to the output interface of the M-1th battery management system, where 1<M≤N, and M is a positive integer. That is, except for the first battery management system, the first input interfaces of the other battery management systems are all connected to the output interface of the previous battery management system, the input of the first input interface of the first battery management system is a continuously low level, and the input of the first input interfaces of the other battery management systems is a periodic signal with a corresponding duty cycle output by the previous battery management system.

[0015] Furthermore, the second input interface of the Nth battery management system is connected to the output interface of the Nth battery management system, and the second input interface of the Kth battery management system is connected to the output interface of the K+1th battery management system, where 1≤K<N, and K is a positive integer. That is, except for the last battery management system, the second input interfaces of the other battery management systems are all connected to the output interface of the next battery management system. The input of the second input interface of the last battery management system is the periodic signal output by itself, and the input of the second input interfaces of the other battery management systems is the periodic signal of the corresponding duty cycle output by the next battery management system.

[0016] During the operation of the addressing system of the energy storage system, each battery management system is identified as a master or a slave based on the signal level of the first input interface. Furthermore, each battery management system identified as a slave is addressed based on the signal duty cycle of the first input interface, and the duty cycle of the periodic signal output by the output interface of each battery management system corresponds to the address of each battery management system. Furthermore, each battery management system identified as a slave is identified as an end device or a non-end device based on the signal duty cycle of the second input interface. In this way, combined with the input and output connection relationship of different battery management systems and the corresponding relationship between the duty cycle of the periodic signal input or output by different battery management systems and the address of the battery management system, a backcheck function for the addressing of the battery management system is realized. Based on the relationship between the duty cycle of the periodic signal input by each battery management system and its own addressing address, it is possible to diagnose the addressing errors of each battery management system, thereby improving the accuracy of the addressing of the energy storage system and ensuring the accurate operation of the entire energy storage system.

[0017] The addressing system for the energy storage system according to the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0018] In some technical solutions, optionally, a battery management system whose first input interface has a continuously low signal level is identified as a host, and a battery management system whose first input interface has a non-continuously low signal level is identified as a slave; when the signal levels of the first input interfaces of N battery management systems are not continuously low, it is determined that the host identification is an error, and the N battery management systems are all addressed as host addresses, each battery management system outputs a periodic signal with a corresponding duty cycle according to the address, and the N battery management systems adjust the addressing according to the signal duty cycle of the first input interface.

[0019] In this technical solution, each battery management system detects the input level through the first input interface. If the first input interface detects that the input signal level is continuously low, the corresponding battery management system identifies it as the master and addresses itself. Otherwise, if the first input interface detects that the input signal level is not continuously low, but alternates between high and low levels, the corresponding battery management system identifies it as a slave.

[0020] On this basis, if the first input interface of the battery management system does not detect that the input signal level is continuously low, it is determined that the host has identified an error. At this time, the N battery management systems are all addressed as the host address, and according to the above encoding method, each battery management system outputs a periodic signal with a corresponding duty cycle according to the encoded address, and the N battery management systems adjust the addressing according to the signal duty cycle of the first input interface to achieve automatic error correction for incorrect addressing.

[0021] In some technical solutions, optionally, the duty cycle of the periodic signal output by each battery management system is: S×Q, where S is the address of each battery management system and Q is a preset value; the address of each battery management system identified as a slave is: (D1 / Q)+1, where D1 is the signal duty cycle of the first input interface of each battery management system.

[0022] In this technical solution, the duty cycle of the periodic signal output by each battery management system is: S×Q.

[0023] Among them, S is the address of each battery management system, and Q is a preset value.

[0024] In actual application, Q may be a specific value such as 10%. Those skilled in the art can adjust the maximum number of battery management systems supported by the addressing system by adjusting the value of Q and the period of the periodic signal.

[0025] Furthermore, the encoding address of each battery management system identified as a slave is: (D1 / Q)+1.

[0026] Wherein, D1 is the duty cycle of the signal input to the first input interface of each battery management system identified as a slave. In this way, the correct address of each battery management system is the correct address of the previous battery management system plus 1.

[0027] In some technical solutions, optionally, a battery management system whose signal duty cycle of the second input interface is S×Q is identified as an end machine; in the absence of a battery management system whose signal duty cycle of the second input interface is S×Q, it is determined that the end machine identification is an error, and communication is performed through the first communication interface and the second communication interface of each battery management system to determine the target number of addressed battery management systems, and the battery management systems whose addresses are equal to the target number are identified as end machines.

[0028] In this technical solution, each battery management system detects the input level through its second input interface to determine whether a subsequent battery management system exists and whether each battery management system is correctly addressed. Specifically, if the signal duty cycle of the second input interface of a battery management system is the product of its own address S and a preset value Q, the battery management system is identified as an end device. Furthermore, if the signal duty cycle of the second input interface of a non-existent battery management system is the product of its own address S and a preset value Q, the end device is incorrectly identified.

[0029] At this time, the N battery management systems communicate through the first communication interface and the second communication interface to determine the target number of addressed battery management systems in the N battery management systems, and then identify the battery management systems with addresses equal to the target number as terminals.

[0030] In some technical solutions, optionally, when the signal duty cycle of the second input interface of the battery management system is not equal to (S+1)×Q or S×Q, it is determined that there is an addressing error in N battery management systems; when there is an addressing error, a polling request is sent to each slave through the host, and the addressed slave sends response data of the polling request through broadcast, and the response data includes the slave address, and the unaddressed slaves are addressed as the target address according to the response data received through the broadcast, and each unaddressed slave outputs a periodic signal with a corresponding duty cycle according to the address, and the unaddressed slaves adjust the addressing according to the signal duty cycle of the first input interface.

[0031] In this technical solution, when the duty cycle of the signal of the second input interface of the battery management system is neither equal to (S+1)×Q nor equal to S×Q, it is determined that addressing errors exist in the N battery management systems.

[0032] Furthermore, in the event of an addressing error, a polling request is sent to each slave through the host. At this time, the addressed slave will send response data to the polling request via broadcast, and the response data includes the addressing address of the slave. Since the response data is sent via broadcast, the unaddressed slave can also receive the above response data. On this basis, the unaddressed slave determines the target address based on the response data received by broadcast, and the target address is the minimum idle address (the maximum address of the addressed slave plus 1), and addresses its own address to the above target address. Furthermore, according to the above encoding method, each unaddressed slave outputs a periodic signal with a corresponding duty cycle according to the address, and the unaddressed slave adjusts the addressing according to the signal duty cycle of the first input interface to achieve automatic error correction for erroneous addressing.

[0033] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a method for addressing an energy storage system is proposed. The method is used for an addressing system of an energy storage system such as any of the above technical solutions. The addressing method includes: when the signal level of the first input interface of the battery management system is continuously low, the battery management system identifies it as a host and outputs a periodic signal with a duty cycle of S×Q, where S is the address of the battery management system and Q is a preset value; when the signal level of the first input interface of the battery management system is not continuously low, the battery management system identifies it as a slave, the slave address is (D1 / Q)+1, and outputs a periodic signal with a duty cycle of S×Q, where D1 is the signal duty cycle of the first input interface of the battery management system; when the signal duty cycle of the second input interface of the battery management system is S×Q, the battery management system identifies it as an end machine.

[0034] Specifically, the energy storage system addressing method provided by the present invention is used in the addressing system of the energy storage system described in any of the above technical solutions. During the operation of the addressing system of the energy storage system, each battery management system detects an input level through a first input interface. If the input signal level detected by the first input interface is continuously low, the corresponding battery management system is identified as a master, addresses itself, and outputs a periodic signal with a duty cycle of S×Q, where S is the address of the battery management system and Q is a preset value. If the input signal level detected by the first input interface is not continuously low, but alternates between high and low levels, the corresponding battery management system is identified as a slave, addressed as (D1 / Q)+1, and outputs a periodic signal with a duty cycle of S×Q, where D1 is the signal duty cycle of the first input interface of the battery management system. Furthermore, each battery management system detects an input level through a second input interface to determine whether there is a next battery management system after each battery management system. Specifically, if the signal duty cycle of the second input interface of the battery management system is the product of its own address S and the preset value Q, the battery management system is identified as a slave. In this way, based on the correspondence between the duty cycle of the periodic signal input or output by different battery management systems and the address of the battery management system, the host, slave and terminal are identified, which improves the accuracy of the host, slave and terminal identification, and realizes the backcheck function of the addressing of the battery management system, thereby realizing the addressing error diagnosis of each battery management system, improving the accuracy of the energy storage system addressing, and ensuring the accurate operation of the entire energy storage system.

[0035] The addressing method of the energy storage system according to the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0036] In some technical solutions, optionally, the addressing method of the energy storage system also includes: when the signal level of the first input interface of the battery management system is continuously low, determining that the host has identified an error; N battery management systems are all addressed as host addresses; N battery management systems output periodic signals with corresponding duty cycles according to the addresses; and N battery management systems adjust addressing according to the signal duty cycle of the first input interface.

[0037] In the technical solution, when the signal level detected by the first input interface of the battery management system is continuously low in the absence of the input, it is determined that the host recognition is incorrect. At this time, the N battery management systems are all addressed as the host address, and according to the coding mode described above, each battery management system outputs a periodic signal corresponding to the duty cycle according to the coding address, and the N battery management systems adjust the address according to the signal duty cycle of the first input interface to realize automatic correction of the incorrect address. In this way, based on the correspondence between the duty cycle of the periodic signal input or output by the different battery management systems and the address of the battery management system, automatic correction of the incorrect address is realized, so that the host is correctly recognized, the accuracy of host recognition is improved, and the accurate operation of the entire communication process is ensured.

[0038] In some technical solutions, optionally, the addressing method of the energy storage system further includes: in the absence of the battery management system whose signal duty cycle of the second input interface is SxQ, it is determined that the slave recognition is incorrect; the N battery management systems communicate to determine the target number of the addressed battery management systems; and the battery management system with the address equal to the target number is recognized as the slave.

[0039] In the technical solution, in the absence of the battery management system whose signal duty cycle of the second input interface is the product of its own address S and a preset value Q, it is determined that the slave recognition is incorrect. At this time, the N battery management systems can determine the target number of the addressed battery management systems in the N battery management systems by communicating, and then recognize the battery management system with the address equal to the target number as the slave. In this way, in the case of incorrect slave recognition, the target number of the addressed battery management systems is determined by communication, and the battery management system with the address equal to the target number is recognized as the slave, so that the slave can be correctly recognized, the accuracy of slave recognition is improved, and the accurate operation of the entire energy storage system is ensured.

[0040] In some technical solutions, optionally, the addressing method of the energy storage system further includes: in the absence of the battery management system whose signal duty cycle of the second input interface is not equal to (S+1) xQ or SxQ, it is determined that the N battery management systems have an addressing error; the host sends a polling request to each slave; the addressed slave sends response data of the polling request by broadcasting, and the response data includes the slave address; the unaddressed slave is addressed as a target address according to the response data received by broadcasting; the slave with the target address outputs a periodic signal corresponding to the duty cycle according to the address; and the slave with the target address adjusts the address according to the signal duty cycle of the first input interface.

[0041] In this technical solution, when the signal duty cycle of the second input interface of the battery management system is neither equal to (S+1)×Q nor equal to S×Q, it is determined that there is an addressing error in the N battery management systems. In the case of an addressing error, a polling request is sent to each slave through the host. At this time, the addressed slave will send response data to the polling request by broadcasting, and the response data includes the addressing address of the slave. Since the response data is sent by broadcasting, the unaddressed slave can also receive the above response data. On this basis, the unaddressed slave determines the target address based on the response data received by broadcasting, and the target address is the minimum free address (the maximum address of the addressed slave plus 1), and addresses its own address to the above target address. Furthermore, according to the above encoding method, the slave of the target address outputs a periodic signal with a corresponding duty cycle according to the address, and the slave of the target address adjusts the addressing according to the signal duty cycle of the first input interface to achieve automatic error correction of erroneous addressing. In this way, when an addressing error occurs, the error position is diagnosed through communication, and the unaddressed slaves are uniformly addressed. In combination with the addressing method of adjusting the signal duty cycle of each slave input or output, the erroneous addressing is automatically corrected. This can not only accurately diagnose the addressing error, but also correct a single addressing error without affecting the addressing system's application of correct addressing, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the entire addressing system.

[0042] According to a third aspect of the present invention, an energy storage system is provided, comprising: a battery pack and a battery management system, wherein the battery management system employs the energy storage system addressing method described in any of the aforementioned technical solutions. Therefore, the energy storage system provided in the third aspect of the present invention possesses all the beneficial effects of the energy storage system addressing method described in any of the aforementioned technical solutions in the second aspect, and will not be further elaborated upon here.

[0043] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0045] Figure 1 One of the structural diagrams of the addressing system of the energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0046] Figure 2 A second structural diagram of the addressing system of the energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0047] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the structure of an addressing scheme for an energy storage system in the related art is shown;

[0048] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing a flow chart of an addressing method for an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0049] Figure 5 A structural block diagram of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0050] Reference numerals:

[0051] 100 Addressing system of energy storage system, 102 Battery management system, 104 First communication interface, 106 Second communication interface, 108 Output interface, 110 First input interface, 112 Second input interface, 300 Energy storage system, 302 Battery pack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features therein can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0053] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0054] The following combination Figures 1 to 5 , the energy storage system and its addressing system and method provided in the embodiments of the present application are described in detail through specific embodiments and their application scenarios.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, an addressing system 100 for an energy storage system is proposed. The addressing system 100 for the energy storage system includes N battery management systems 102, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0056] Each battery management system 102 includes a first communication interface 104 , a second communication interface 106 , an output interface 108 , a first input interface 110 , and a second input interface 112 .

[0057] The first communication interfaces 104 of the N battery management systems 102 are connected in parallel via a first communication line, and the second communication interfaces 106 of the N battery management systems 102 are connected in parallel via a second communication line. Different battery management systems 102 can communicate with each other via the first communication interface 104 and the second communication interface 106.

[0058] Furthermore, the output interfaces 108 of different battery management systems 102 are configured to output periodic signals with different duty cycles. Specifically, the periodic signals may be periodic square wave signals (e.g., with a period of 1 second). Furthermore, the duty cycle of the periodic signal output by the output interface 108 of each battery management system 102 corresponds to the address of each battery management system 102.

[0059] Furthermore, the first input interface 110 of the first battery management system 102 is grounded, and the first input interface 110 of the Mth battery management system 102 is connected to the output interface 108 of the M-1th battery management system 102, where 1<M≤N, and M is a positive integer. That is, except for the first battery management system 102, the first input interfaces 110 of all other battery management systems 102 are connected to the output interface 108 of the previous battery management system 102. The input of the first input interface 110 of the first battery management system 102 is a continuously low level, and the input of the first input interfaces 110 of the other battery management systems 102 is a periodic signal with a corresponding duty cycle output by the previous battery management system 102.

[0060] Furthermore, the second input interface 112 of the Nth battery management system 102 is connected to the output interface 108 of the Nth battery management system 102, and the second input interface 112 of the Kth battery management system 102 is connected to the output interface 108 of the K+1th battery management system 102, where 1≤K<N, and K is a positive integer. That is, except for the last battery management system 102, the second input interfaces 112 of all other battery management systems 102 are connected to the output interface 108 of the next battery management system 102. The input of the second input interface 112 of the last battery management system 102 is the periodic signal output by itself, and the input of the second input interfaces 112 of the other battery management systems 102 is the periodic signal of the corresponding duty cycle output by the next battery management system 102.

[0061] In actual application, the communication lines of N battery management systems 102 are in no communication state by default, the first input interfaces 110 and the second input interfaces 112 of the N battery management systems 102 are internally pulled up to a high level, and the output interfaces 108 of the N battery management systems 102 are internally pulled up to a high level.

[0062] During operation of the addressing system 100 for the energy storage system, each battery management system 102 is identified as a master or slave based on the signal level of the first input interface 110. Furthermore, each battery management system 102 identified as a slave is addressed based on the duty cycle of the signal at the first input interface 110, and the duty cycle of the periodic signal output by the output interface 108 of each battery management system 102 corresponds to the address of each battery management system 102. Furthermore, each battery management system 102 identified as a slave is identified as an end device or non-end device based on the duty cycle of the signal at the second input interface 112. In this way, combined with the input and output connection relationship of different battery management systems 102, the correspondence between the duty cycle of the periodic signals input or output by different battery management systems 102 and the address of the battery management system 102, a backcheck function of the addressing of the battery management system 102 is realized. Based on the relationship between the duty cycle of the periodic signal input by each battery management system 102 and its own addressing address, addressing error diagnosis of each battery management system 102 can be realized, thereby improving the accuracy of the energy storage system addressing and ensuring the accurate operation of the entire energy storage system.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present invention, each battery management system 102 optionally detects an input level through the first input interface 110. If the first input interface 110 detects that the input signal level is continuously low, the corresponding battery management system 102 identifies itself as a master and addresses itself. Otherwise, if the first input interface 110 detects that the input signal level is not continuously low but alternates between high and low levels, the corresponding battery management system 102 identifies itself as a slave.

[0064] On this basis, if the first input interface 110 detects that the input signal level is continuously low, the host is determined to have identified an error. In this case, the N battery management systems 102 are all addressed with the host address, and according to the above encoding method, each battery management system 102 outputs a periodic signal with a corresponding duty cycle according to the encoded address, and the N battery management systems 102 adjust their addressing according to the duty cycle of the signal of the first input interface 110 to achieve automatic error correction for incorrect addressing.

[0065] It is understandable that if Figure 3 As shown, the addressing method corresponding to the existing energy storage system addressing scheme can cause host recognition errors if the signal line is interrupted. For example, if the signal line between slave BMS2 and slave BMS3 is interrupted, according to the host recognition method, when the signal is transmitted from left to right, the battery management system with no signal input from IO1 is identified as the master, and both BMS1 and BMS3 are identified as the master. This addressing method cannot diagnose addressing errors that occur during the addressing process and cannot correct host recognition errors.

[0066] In the addressing system 100 of the energy storage system proposed in the present invention, the host is identified based on whether the signal level input by the first input interface 110 is a continuously low level. In the event of a host identification error, automatic error correction of the incorrect addressing is achieved based on the correspondence between the duty cycle of the periodic signal input or output by different battery management systems 102 and the address of the battery management system 102, thereby correctly identifying the host, improving the accuracy of host identification, and ensuring the accurate operation of the entire communication process.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present invention, optionally, the duty cycle of the periodic signal output by each battery management system 102 is: S×Q.

[0068] Wherein, S is the address of each battery management system 102, and Q is a preset value.

[0069] In actual application, Q may be a specific value such as 10%. Those skilled in the art can adjust the maximum number of battery management systems 102 supported by the addressing system 100 by adjusting the value of Q and the period of the periodic signal.

[0070] For example, Q is 10%, the master is addressed as 1, and the duty cycle of the periodic signal it outputs is 10%, the duty cycle of the periodic signal output by the slave addressed as 2 is 20%, and the duty cycle of the periodic signal output by the slave addressed as 3 is 30%.

[0071] Furthermore, the coded address of each battery management system 102 identified as a slave is: (D1 / Q)+1.

[0072] Wherein, D1 is the duty cycle of the signal inputted into the first input interface 110 of each battery management system 102 identified as a slave.

[0073] For example, Q is 10%, the first battery management system 102 is identified as the host, the host address is 1, and the duty cycle of the periodic signal output by the host is 10%. At this time, the duty cycle of the signal input to the first input interface 110 of the second battery management system 102 is 10%, the address of the second battery management system 102 is (10% / 10%)+1=2, and the duty cycle of the periodic signal output by the second battery management system 102 is 2×10%=20%. At this time, the duty cycle of the signal input to the first input interface 110 of the third battery management system 102 is 20%, the address of the third battery management system 102 is (20% / 10%)+1=3, and the duty cycle of the periodic signal output by the third battery management system 102 is 3×10%=30%, and so on.

[0074] In some embodiments of the present invention, each battery management system 102 optionally detects an input level through its second input interface 112 to determine whether a subsequent battery management system 102 exists, and to determine whether each battery management system 102 is correctly addressed. Specifically, if the duty cycle of the signal at the second input interface 112 of a battery management system 102 is equal to the product of its own address S and a preset value Q, the battery management system 102 is identified as an end device. Furthermore, if the duty cycle of the signal at the second input interface 112 of no battery management system 102 is equal to the product of its own address S and a preset value Q, the end device identification is determined to be incorrect.

[0075] At this time, the N battery management systems 102 communicate through the first communication interface 104 and the second communication interface 106 to determine the target number of addressed battery management systems 102 in the N battery management systems 102, and then identify the battery management systems 102 with addresses equal to the target number as terminals.

[0076] It is understandable that if Figure 3 As shown, the addressing method corresponding to the existing energy storage system addressing scheme can cause terminal identification errors if the signal line is interrupted. For example, if the signal line between slaves BMS2 and BMS3 is interrupted, according to the terminal identification method, when the signal is transmitted from right to left, the battery management system with no signal input from IO2 is identified as the terminal, and slaves BMSn and BMS2 are also identified as terminals. This addressing method is unable to diagnose addressing errors that occur during the addressing process and cannot correct terminal identification errors.

[0077] In the addressing system 100 of the energy storage system proposed in the present invention, the terminal is identified based on the relationship between the duty cycle of the signal input by the second input interface 112 and its own address. In the event of an error in terminal identification, the target number of addressed battery management systems 102 is determined through communication, and the battery management systems 102 whose addresses are equal to the target number are identified as terminals. This allows the terminal to be correctly identified, improves the accuracy of terminal identification, and ensures the accurate operation of the entire communication process.

[0078] In some embodiments of the present invention, optionally, when the signal duty cycle of the second input interface 112 of the battery management system 102 is neither equal to (S+1)×Q nor equal to S×Q, it is determined that addressing errors exist in the N battery management systems 102.

[0079] Furthermore, in the event of an addressing error, a polling request is sent to each slave through the host. At this time, the addressed slave will send response data of the polling request through broadcasting, and the response data includes the addressing address of the slave. Since the response data is sent through broadcasting, the unaddressed slave can also receive the above response data. On this basis, the unaddressed slave determines the target address based on the response data received through broadcasting, and the target address is the minimum idle address (the maximum address of the addressed slave plus 1), and addresses its own address to the above target address. Furthermore, according to the above encoding method, each unaddressed slave outputs a periodic signal with a corresponding duty cycle according to the address, and the unaddressed slave adjusts the addressing according to the signal duty cycle of the first input interface 110 to achieve automatic error correction for erroneous addressing.

[0080] For example, Figure 2 As shown, the first input interface 110 of the third battery management system 102 in the addressing system 100 of the energy storage system is interrupted, resulting in an addressing error problem. At this time, the host, namely the first battery management system 102, polls all slaves in sequence according to the preset maximum number of slaves, and sends a polling request to all slaves based on the slave address. At this time, for the addressed slave 2 (the second battery management system 102), after receiving the polling request from the host, slave 2 will reply with response data by broadcasting. The response data includes the address of slave 2, i.e., 2. For all unaddressed slaves (the second battery management system 102, the fourth battery management system 102, and the fifth battery management system 102), they will not respond to the host's polling request. On this basis, since the response data of slave 2 is sent by broadcast, all unaddressed slaves can also receive the above response data. All unaddressed slaves can know from the above response data that the slave is only addressed to slave 2 and address their own addresses to 3. Furthermore, since the third battery management system 102 is correctly addressed as slave 3, the addressing of subsequent slaves (the fourth battery management system 102 and the fifth battery management system 102) can be modified by slave 3 outputting a periodic signal with a corresponding duty cycle based on its own address, so that the fourth battery management system 102 can be correctly addressed as slave 4 and the fifth battery management system 102 can be correctly addressed as slave 5 in the correct physical order.

[0081] It is understandable that if Figure 3 As shown, the addressing method corresponding to the existing energy storage system addressing scheme is unable to correct addressing errors. For example, if the signal line between slaves BMS2 and BMS3 is interrupted, the addressing method corresponding to this addressing scheme can only determine that the signal line is interrupted, but cannot address the slaves in the correct physical order, that is, it cannot correct the incorrect addressing.

[0082] In the energy storage system addressing system 100 proposed by the present invention, addressing errors are determined based on the relationship between the duty cycle of the signal input from the second input interface 112 of the battery management system 102 and its own address. When an addressing error occurs, the error location is diagnosed through communication. The incorrect addressing is automatically corrected by uniformly addressing all unaddressed slaves and adjusting the addressing based on the duty cycle of the signal input or output of each slave. This allows for accurate diagnosis of addressing errors and correction of single addressing errors without affecting the energy storage system's ability to correctly address the address, thus ensuring the normal operation of the entire energy storage system.

[0083] In actual application, the addressing system 100 of the energy storage system can be applied to a battery pack, and the series and / or parallel connection of the battery cells can be realized through nickel strips. While meeting the requirements of high current charging and discharging, it simplifies the structure of the battery pack and saves labor costs.

[0084] In one embodiment of the present invention, optionally, Figure 4 As shown, a method for addressing an energy storage system is proposed, which is applied to the addressing system of the energy storage system in any of the above embodiments. The above addressing method may specifically include the following steps 202 to 206:

[0085] Step 202 : When the signal level of the first input interface of the battery management system is continuously low, the battery management system identifies it as a host and outputs a periodic signal with a duty cycle of S×Q.

[0086] Step 204 : If the signal level of the first input interface of the battery management system is not continuously low, the battery management system identifies the device as a slave, addresses the slave as (D1 / Q)+1, and outputs a periodic signal with a duty cycle of S×Q.

[0087] Step 206: When the duty cycle of the signal of the second input interface of the battery management system is S×Q, the battery management system identifies it as an end device;

[0088] Wherein, S is the address of the battery management system, Q is a preset value, and D1 is the signal duty cycle of the first input interface of the battery management system.

[0089] The energy storage system addressing method provided by the present invention is used in the addressing system of the energy storage system described in any of the above technical solutions. During the operation of the addressing system of the energy storage system, each battery management system detects an input level through a first input interface. If the first input interface detects a continuously low input signal level, the corresponding battery management system identifies itself as a master, addresses itself, and outputs a periodic signal with a duty cycle of S×Q, where S is the address of the battery management system and Q is a preset value. If the first input interface detects an input signal level that is not continuously low but alternates between high and low levels, the corresponding battery management system identifies itself as a slave, addresses the slave as (D1 / Q)+1, and outputs a periodic signal with a duty cycle of S×Q, where D1 is the signal duty cycle of the first input interface of the battery management system. Furthermore, each battery management system detects an input level through a second input interface to determine whether there is a subsequent battery management system. Specifically, if the signal duty cycle of the second input interface of the battery management system is the product of its own address S and the preset value Q, the battery management system identifies itself as a slave. In this way, based on the correspondence between the duty cycle of the periodic signal input or output by different battery management systems and the address of the battery management system, the host, slave and terminal are identified, which improves the accuracy of the host, slave and terminal identification, and realizes the backcheck function of the addressing of the battery management system, thereby realizing the addressing error diagnosis of each battery management system, improving the accuracy of the energy storage system addressing, and ensuring the accurate operation of the entire energy storage system.

[0090] In some embodiments of the present invention, optionally, the energy storage system addressing method may further include the following steps 208 to 214:

[0091] Step 208 , when the signal level of the first input interface of the battery management system is continuously low, it is determined that the host recognition is wrong;

[0092] Step 210 , N battery management systems are all addressed as host addresses;

[0093] Step 212: N battery management systems output periodic signals corresponding to the duty cycles according to the addresses;

[0094] Step 214 : N battery management systems adjust their addresses according to the duty cycle of the signal of the first input interface.

[0095] In this embodiment, when the first input interface of the battery management system does not exist and detects that the input signal level is continuously low, it is determined that the host identification error occurs. At this time, the N battery management systems are all addressed as host addresses, and according to the above-mentioned encoding method, each battery management system outputs a periodic signal with a corresponding duty cycle according to the encoded address, and the N battery management systems adjust the addressing according to the signal duty cycle of the first input interface to achieve automatic error correction for incorrect addressing. In this way, based on the correspondence between the duty cycle of the periodic signal input or output by different battery management systems and the address of the battery management system, automatic error correction for incorrect addressing is achieved, thereby correctly identifying the host, improving the accuracy of host identification, and ensuring the accurate operation of the entire communication process.

[0096] In some embodiments of the present invention, optionally, the energy storage system addressing method may further include the following steps 216 to 220:

[0097] Step 216 , if there is no battery management system with a signal duty cycle of S×Q at the second input interface, determining that the terminal has an identification error;

[0098] Step 218 , the N battery management systems communicate to determine a target number of addressed battery management systems;

[0099] Step 220: Identify the battery management system with an address equal to the target number as an end device.

[0100] In this embodiment, if the duty cycle of the signal from the second input interface of the non-existent battery management system is equal to the product of its own address S and a preset value Q, a terminal identification error is determined. In this case, the N battery management systems can determine the target number of battery management systems addressed within the N battery management systems through communication, and then identify the battery management systems with addresses equal to the target number as terminals. In this way, even in the event of a terminal identification error, the target number of battery management systems addressed can be determined through communication, and the battery management systems with addresses equal to the target number can be identified as terminals. This allows for correct terminal identification, improves terminal identification accuracy, and ensures the accurate operation of the entire communication process.

[0101] In some embodiments of the present invention, optionally, the energy storage system addressing method may further include the following steps 222 to 232:

[0102] Step 222 , when the duty cycle of the signal of the second input interface of the battery management system is not equal to (S+1)×Q or S×Q, determining that there is an addressing error in the N battery management systems;

[0103] Step 224, sending a polling request to each slave through the master;

[0104] Step 226, the addressed slave sends response data of the polling request via broadcast, where the response data includes the slave address;

[0105] Step 228, the unaddressed slaves are all addressed as the target address according to the response data received by the broadcast;

[0106] Step 230: the slave device at the target address outputs a periodic signal with a corresponding duty cycle according to the address;

[0107] Step 232: The slave device of the target address adjusts its addressing according to the duty cycle of the signal of the first input interface.

[0108] In this embodiment, when the signal duty cycle of the second input interface of the battery management system is neither equal to (S+1)×Q nor equal to S×Q, it is determined that there is an addressing error in the N battery management systems. In the case of an addressing error, a polling request is sent to each slave through the host. At this time, the addressed slave will send response data to the polling request through broadcast, and the response data includes the addressing address of the slave. Since the response data is sent through broadcast, the unaddressed slave can also receive the above response data. On this basis, the unaddressed slave determines the target address based on the response data received through broadcast, and the target address is the minimum free address (the maximum address of the addressed slave plus 1), and addresses its own address to the above target address. Furthermore, according to the above encoding method, the slave of the target address outputs a periodic signal with a corresponding duty cycle according to the address, and the slave of the target address adjusts the addressing according to the signal duty cycle of the first input interface to achieve automatic error correction of erroneous addressing. In this way, when an addressing error occurs, the error position is diagnosed through communication, and the unaddressed slaves are uniformly addressed. In combination with the addressing method of adjusting the signal duty cycle of each slave input or output, the erroneous addressing is automatically corrected. This can not only accurately diagnose the addressing error, but also correct a single addressing error without affecting the addressing system's application of correct addressing, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the entire addressing system.

[0109] In some embodiments of the present invention, an energy storage system is also proposed. Figure 5 As shown, the energy storage system 300 includes a battery pack 302 , and the battery pack 302 includes a battery management system 102 . The battery management system 102 adopts the addressing method in any of the above embodiments.

[0110] The energy storage system 300 provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes a battery management system 102 that adopts the addressing method in any of the above embodiments. Therefore, the energy storage system 300 has all the beneficial effects of the addressing method in any of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0111] In the description of the present specification, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are used only for the purpose of description, and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, unless otherwise explicitly defined and limited; the terms "connection", "installation", "fixation" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, "connection" can be fixed connection, can also be detachable connection, or integral connection; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0112] In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "a specific embodiment" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are contained in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0113] In addition, the technical solutions of various embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of the ordinary skilled in the art, when the combination of technical solutions appears contradictory or unachievable, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist, nor within the scope of protection required by the present application.

[0114] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An addressing system for an energy storage system, characterized in that: include: N battery management systems, each of which includes: A first communication interface, wherein the first communication interfaces of N battery management systems are connected in parallel; A second communication interface, wherein the second communication interfaces of N battery management systems are connected in parallel; An output interface, wherein the output interfaces of different battery management systems are used to output periodic signals with different duty cycles; a first input interface, wherein the first input interface of the first battery management system is grounded, and the first input interface of the Mth battery management system is connected to the output interface of the M-1th battery management system, where 1<M≤N, and M is a positive integer; a second input interface, wherein the second input interface of the Nth battery management system is connected to the output interface of the Nth battery management system, and the second input interface of the Kth battery management system is connected to the output interface of the K+1th battery management system, where K is a positive integer and 1≤K<N; Each of the battery management systems is identified as a master or a slave based on the signal level of the first input interface; each of the battery management systems identified as a slave is addressed based on the signal duty cycle of the first input interface; the duty cycle of the periodic signal output by the output interface of each of the battery management systems corresponds to the address of each of the battery management systems; and each of the battery management systems identified as a slave is identified as an end device or a non-end device based on the signal duty cycle of the second input interface. The duty cycle of the periodic signal output by each battery management system is: S×Q, where S is the address of each battery management system and Q is a preset value; The address of each battery management system identified as a slave is: (D1 / Q)+1, where D1 is the signal duty cycle of the first input interface of each battery management system; The battery management system identifies the signal of the second input interface with a duty cycle of S×Q as an end device; In the absence of the battery management system whose signal duty cycle of the second input interface is S×Q, it is determined that the terminal identification error is made, and communication is performed through the first communication interface and the second communication interface of each battery management system to determine the target number of addressed battery management systems, and the battery management system whose address is equal to the target number is identified as the terminal.

2. The addressing system for the energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery management system identifies a battery whose signal level of the first input interface is continuously low as a master, and identifies a battery management system whose signal level of the first input interface is not continuously low as a slave; When the signal levels of the first input interfaces of the N battery management systems are not continuously low, the host identification error is determined, the N battery management systems are all addressed as host addresses, each battery management system outputs a periodic signal with a corresponding duty cycle according to the address, and the N battery management systems adjust the addressing according to the signal duty cycle of the first input interface.

3. The addressing system of the energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: If the signal duty cycle of the second input interface of the battery management system is not equal to (S+1)×Q or S×Q, determining that addressing errors exist in the N battery management systems; In the event of an addressing error, a polling request is sent to each slave through the host, and the addressed slave sends response data of the polling request through broadcasting, wherein the response data includes the slave address, and the unaddressed slaves are addressed as the target address according to the response data received through broadcasting, and each unaddressed slave outputs a periodic signal with a corresponding duty cycle according to the address, and the unaddressed slave adjusts the addressing according to the signal duty cycle of the first input interface.

4. A method for addressing an energy storage system, characterized in that: An addressing system for an energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the addressing method comprises: When the signal level of the first input interface of the battery management system is continuously low, the battery management system identifies it as a host and outputs a cycle with a duty cycle of S×Q, where S is the address of the battery management system and Q is a preset value; When the signal level of the first input interface of the battery management system is not continuously low, the battery management system identifies it as a slave, the slave address is (D1 / Q)+1, and outputs a periodic signal with a duty cycle of S×Q, where D1 is the signal duty cycle of the first input interface of the battery management system; When the signal duty cycle of the second input interface of the battery management system is S×Q, the battery management system is identified as an end device.

5. The addressing method of the energy storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: When the signal level of the first input interface of the battery management system is continuously low, determining that the host recognition is wrong; The N battery management systems are all addressed as host addresses; N of the battery management systems output periodic signals corresponding to duty cycles according to the addresses; The N battery management systems adjust addressing according to the signal duty cycle of the first input interface.

6. The addressing method of the energy storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: If the battery management system does not exist and the signal duty cycle of the second input interface is S×Q, determining that the terminal identification error occurs; The N battery management systems communicate to determine a target number of addressed battery management systems; The battery management system having an address equal to the target number is identified as a terminal.

7. The addressing method of the energy storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: If the signal duty cycle of the second input interface of the battery management system is not equal to (S+1)×Q or S×Q, determining that addressing errors exist in the N battery management systems; Send a polling request to each slave through the master; The addressed slave sends response data of the polling request by broadcasting, wherein the response data includes the slave address; The unaddressed slaves are all addressed as the target address according to the response data received by the broadcast; The slave of the target address outputs a periodic signal with a corresponding duty cycle according to the address; The slave of the target address adjusts the addressing according to the signal duty cycle of the first input interface.

8. An energy storage system, characterized in that: include: A battery pack includes a battery management system, wherein the battery management system adopts the addressing method of the energy storage system according to any one of claims 4 to 7.

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