An optimization method to improve cathodic protection detection in complex buried pipeline networks

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of pipeline detection technology, and specifically to an optimization method for improving cathodic protection detection of complex buried pipeline networks, comprising the following steps: based on the potential value and resistivity data in the pipeline area, extracting characteristic information in the area, performing aggregate analysis of corrosion risks through soil characteristic data, determining the risk membership of the pipeline area, and generating a corrosion risk distribution map in the area. The present invention achieves accurate identification of corrosion risk areas and optimization of protection effects by calculating the dynamic changes of the potential field and electric field around the pipeline. By establishing a three-dimensional spatial grid and an electric field model, the changing trend of the electric field at different time nodes is captured, and the formation and evolution of electric field hotspots can be tracked in spatial and temporal dimensions. The reaction speed to abnormal changes in the local electric field is improved, thereby effectively avoiding corrosion problems caused by excessive local current density.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pipeline detection, and in particular to an optimization method for improving cathode protection detection of complex buried pipeline networks. Background Art

[0002] The field of pipeline inspection technology mainly involves the inspection and evaluation of the safety, integrity and performance of various types of pipelines (including oil, natural gas, water and chemical pipelines). Since most pipelines are buried underground and have complex working environments, pipeline inspection technology must be able to effectively identify and evaluate corrosion, wear, structural damage, leakage and other problems.

[0003] Among them, the optimization method of buried pipeline cathodic protection detection is mainly aimed at optimizing and improving the cathodic protection system of complex buried pipelines. Cathodic protection is an electrochemical protection method, which is often used to prevent electrochemical corrosion of underground metal pipelines. By optimizing the performance of the cathodic protection system, the protection effect of pipeline corrosion is improved, and the long-term and stable operation of the buried pipeline network is ensured. It is used to improve the anti-corrosion ability of pipelines, extend the life of the pipeline network, reduce maintenance costs, and reduce safety and environmental risks caused by pipeline failure.

[0004] Existing technologies have difficulty accurately assessing differences in soil properties between different regions in corrosion protection for complex buried pipelines, resulting in a lack of precision in corrosion risk prediction. The calculation of the potential field does not take into account boundary conditions and dynamic changes in conductivity, which can easily cause deviations in potential distribution. In addition, the existing cathodic protection current application mode is difficult to optimize for different environmental conditions and seasonal changes, resulting in uneven current distribution, which is not conducive to quickly responding to corrosion risks in local hot spots. In terms of real-time tracking and analysis of hot spots in the electric field, it is difficult to quickly identify corrosion leaks due to the failure to accurately capture subtle changes in the potential gradient, resulting in inadequate protection and increased pipeline maintenance costs and failure risks. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose an optimization method for improving cathodic protection detection of complex buried pipe networks.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an optimization method for improving cathodic protection detection of complex buried pipe networks, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Based on the potential value and resistivity data in the pipeline area, the characteristic information in the area is extracted, and the corrosion risk aggregation analysis is performed through the soil characteristic data to determine the risk membership of the pipeline area and generate the corrosion risk distribution map in the area;

[0008] S2: Based on the corrosion risk distribution map in the area, boundary processing of the potential at the interface between the soil and the pipeline is performed, a potential field model is established, and a potential field distribution map around the pipeline is obtained according to the relationship between the boundary conditions, conductivity and potential gradient in the model;

[0009] S3: Based on the potential field distribution map around the pipeline, a three-dimensional spatial grid of the pipeline, soil and electrodes is constructed, a time step is set to capture the dynamic change of the electric field, and a three-dimensional electric field response model is obtained according to the change trend of the electric field in time and space;

[0010] S4: Based on the three-dimensional electric field response model and the corrosion risk distribution map in the area, track and analyze the change of the electric field over time, monitor and record the distribution and change process of the electric field hotspots, and obtain the position and time distribution information of the electric field hotspots;

[0011] S5: Based on the electric field hotspot location and time distribution information, combined with the seasonal variation of soil resistivity, select the potential distribution data under the external environment, recalculate the potential field, identify the area with reduced potential, and obtain the potential corrosion risk location information;

[0012] S6: Based on the potential corrosion risk location information, analyze the potential gradient according to the current potential field and electric field response data, analyze the location where the gradient changes significantly according to the gradient change trend, and obtain the cathodic protection leakage point location information.

[0013] The present invention has been improved in that the corrosion risk distribution map in the area includes the corrosion risk levels of multiple areas of the pipeline, potential differences and soil resistivity distribution, the potential field distribution map around the pipeline includes the potential distribution on the pipeline surface, the potential changes in the soil area and the boundary potential conditions, the three-dimensional electric field response model includes the intensity distribution of the electric field in three-dimensional space, the electric field change trend in the time series and the local current density distribution data, the electric field hotspot position and time distribution information includes the spatial coordinates of the electric field hotspot, the hotspot duration and the change in electric field intensity, the potential corrosion risk position information includes the spatial position of the corrosion risk area, the range of the potential reduction area and the dynamic change characteristics of the soil resistivity, and the cathodic protection leakage point position information includes the spatial coordinates of the leakage point area, the gradient change amplitude and the potential abnormality characteristics of the leakage point.

[0014] The present invention has the following improvements: based on the potential value and resistivity data in the pipeline area, characteristic information in the area is extracted, and the corrosion risk aggregation analysis is performed through the soil characteristic data to determine the risk membership of the pipeline area. The specific steps of generating the corrosion risk distribution map in the area are as follows:

[0015] S101: Based on the potential value and resistivity data in the pipeline area, an initial data set including the geographical location and the potential and resistivity information is established, and regional characteristic information is generated by dividing the area into multiple cells and analyzing the potential and resistivity data of each cell;

[0016] S102: Based on the regional characteristic information, a spatial distribution model of the region is constructed, the resistivity and geological characteristics of the soil are combined with the spatial position of each grid unit, the distribution of the soil resistivity is calculated, and the soil characteristics of the grid unit are quantitatively analyzed to generate soil characteristic distribution data;

[0017] S103: Based on the soil characteristic distribution data, the corrosion risk of the pipeline area is calculated by evaluating the corrosion influencing factors in each grid unit, and a corrosion risk distribution map in the area is generated according to the current soil resistivity, pipeline material, ambient humidity and potential change trend information.

[0018] The present invention is improved in that, based on the corrosion risk distribution map in the area, the boundary processing of the potential at the interface between the soil and the pipeline is performed, and a potential field model is established. According to the boundary conditions, conductivity and potential gradient relationship in the model, the specific steps of obtaining the potential field distribution map around the pipeline are as follows:

[0019] S201: Based on the corrosion risk distribution map in the area, by extracting the potential value of the interface between the pipeline and the soil, establishing the boundary of the potential field at the interface between the pipeline and the soil, determining the boundary of the potential field by using the difference between the pipeline surface potential and the soil potential, and generating boundary condition potential data;

[0020] S202: constructing a three-dimensional potential field model of the pipeline area based on the boundary condition potential data, calculating the overall spatial potential field according to the conductivity and potential gradient changes of multiple regions, analyzing the distribution of the potential gradient at each position in the three-dimensional space, and generating an initial distribution map of the potential field;

[0021] S203: Based on the initial distribution map of the potential field, the distribution characteristics of the potential gradient change in the pipeline area in the three-dimensional space are evaluated, and the results are corrected in combination with the conductivity and soil characteristics to obtain the potential field distribution map around the pipeline.

[0022] The present invention has the following improvements: based on the potential field distribution map around the pipeline, a three-dimensional space grid of the pipeline, soil and electrodes is constructed, a time step is set to capture the dynamic change of the electric field, and according to the change trend of the electric field in time and space, the specific steps of obtaining the three-dimensional electric field response model are as follows:

[0023] S301: constructing a three-dimensional spatial grid of the pipeline, soil and electrodes based on the potential field distribution map around the pipeline, dividing the spatial grid into a plurality of nodes, and setting initial conductivity and magnetic permeability parameters for each node to generate a three-dimensional spatial grid model;

[0024] S302: Based on the three-dimensional space grid model, a time step is set to capture the dynamic changes of the electric field at multiple time points in a time series, record the electric field distribution at each time point, and generate electric field distribution data at the time point;

[0025] S303: Based on the electric field distribution data at the time point, analyzing the trend of the electric field of the nodes in the three-dimensional space changing with time, integrating the electric field response data in the space and time dimensions, and obtaining a three-dimensional electric field response model.

[0026] The present invention is improved in that, based on the three-dimensional electric field response model and the corrosion risk distribution map in the region, the change of the electric field over time is tracked and analyzed, the distribution and change process of the electric field hotspots are monitored and recorded, and the specific steps of obtaining the electric field hotspot position and time distribution information are as follows:

[0027] S401: Based on the three-dimensional electric field response model and the corrosion risk distribution map, monitor the change of the electric field at each time point, extract the time series data of the application of the cathodic protection current, record the current situation at each time node, and generate dynamic current data;

[0028] S402: Based on the dynamic current data, adjusting the application frequency and time of the cathodic protection current, recording the change of the electric field strength after the adjustment, monitoring the area where the electric field strength increases, and generating electric field hot spot data;

[0029] S403: Based on the electric field hotspot data, the electric field hotspots on the pipeline surface and surrounding areas are analyzed for position and time distribution, local current density increase and abnormal potential change are monitored, and the electric field hotspot position and time distribution information is obtained.

[0030] The present invention is improved in that, based on the electric field hot spot location and time distribution information, combined with the seasonal change of soil resistivity, the potential distribution data under the external environment is selected, the potential field is recalculated, and the area with reduced potential is identified. The specific steps of obtaining the potential corrosion risk location information are as follows:

[0031] S501: Based on the electric field hotspot location and time distribution information, combined with the change of soil resistivity in multiple seasons, select the potential distribution data under the external environment, compare the potential changes under multiple seasons and environmental conditions, and generate the external environment potential distribution data;

[0032] S502: Based on the external environment potential distribution data, recalculate the potential field according to the area where the potential changes, identify the area where the potential significantly decreases under multiple environmental conditions and mark the area information, and generate potential reduction area information;

[0033] S503: Based on the potential reduction area information, compare the potential changes under multiple environmental conditions, screen the areas where the potential continues to decrease and corresponds to the corrosion risk, and obtain the potential corrosion risk location information.

[0034] The present invention is improved in that, based on the potential corrosion risk location information, the potential gradient is analyzed according to the current potential field and electric field response data, and the location where the gradient changes significantly is analyzed according to the gradient change trend, and the specific steps of obtaining the cathodic protection leakage point location information are as follows:

[0035] S601: Based on the potential corrosion risk location information, combined with the current potential field and electric field response data, multiple measurement points in the potential corrosion area are determined, potential gradient changes are measured, and measurement point potential gradient data are generated;

[0036] S602: Based on the potential gradient data of the measuring points, interpolate the potential gradient of the potential corrosion area, integrate the potential gradient changes of the measuring points, and generate potential gradient curve information;

[0037] S603: Based on the potential gradient curve information, determine the location and change trend of the significant potential fluctuation to obtain the cathodic protection leakage point location information.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0039] In the present invention, accurate identification of corrosion risk areas and optimization of protection effects are achieved by calculating the dynamic changes of the potential field and electric field around the pipeline. By establishing a three-dimensional spatial grid and electric field model, the changing trend of the electric field at different time nodes is captured, and the formation and evolution of electric field hotspots can be tracked in spatial and temporal dimensions. The reaction speed to abnormal changes in the local electric field is improved, thereby effectively avoiding corrosion problems caused by excessive local current density. In addition, combined with the recalculation of the potential field under different environmental conditions, the potential corrosion risk area is identified according to the changing trend of the potential gradient, and the leakage point in the cathodic protection system can be accurately located. Through the analysis of the potential gradient interpolation, the positioning of the cathodic protection leakage point is further refined, so that the system can take measures against corrosion problems more accurately, significantly reduce the possibility of pipeline failure, extend the life of the pipeline network, and reduce maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is a work flow chart of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a detailed flow chart of step S1 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a detailed flow chart of step S2 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a detailed flow chart of step S3 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a detailed flow chart of step S4 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 This is a detailed flow chart of step S5 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 This is a detailed flow chart of step S6 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating positions or positional relationships, are based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0049] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: an optimization method for improving cathodic protection detection of complex buried pipe networks, comprising the following steps:

[0050] S1: Based on the potential value and resistivity data in the pipeline area, the characteristic information in the area is extracted, and the corrosion risk is aggregated and analyzed through the soil characteristic data. The soil characteristic differences between multiple pipeline areas are evaluated, the risk membership of the pipeline area is determined, and the corrosion risk distribution map in the area is generated. The soil characteristic data includes soil resistivity, soil moisture content and soil pH value;

[0051] S2: Based on the corrosion risk distribution map in the area, the potential distribution of the pipeline and soil area is calculated, the boundary conditions are set and the potential distribution is quantified, the boundary processing of the soil-pipeline interface potential is performed, and the potential field model is established. According to the boundary conditions, conductivity and potential gradient relationship in the model, the potential field distribution map around the pipeline is obtained;

[0052] S3: Based on the potential field distribution map around the pipeline, a three-dimensional space grid of the pipeline, soil and electrodes is constructed, and the parameters of the conductivity and magnetic permeability of the three-dimensional space grid nodes are set. The time step is set to capture the dynamic changes of the electric field, and the electric field distribution at each time point is recorded and integrated into the electric field response data in the three-dimensional space. According to the changing trend of the electric field in time and space, a three-dimensional electric field response model is obtained;

[0053] S4: Based on the three-dimensional electric field response model and the corrosion risk distribution map in the area, the changes of the electric field over time are tracked and analyzed, the dynamic data of the cathodic protection current application is extracted, the frequency and time of the current application are adjusted, and the distribution and change process of the electric field hotspots are monitored and recorded. The electric field hotspot refers to the area where the electric field intensity increases significantly on the pipeline surface or in the surrounding area, including the increase of local current density and abnormal change of potential, and the location and time distribution information of the electric field hotspot are obtained;

[0054] S5: Based on the location and time distribution information of the electric field hotspots, combined with the seasonal changes in soil resistivity, select the potential distribution data under the external environment, recalculate the potential field, identify the areas with reduced potential, and determine the areas with corrosion risks by comparing the potential changes under various environmental conditions, and obtain the potential corrosion risk location information;

[0055] S6: Based on the potential corrosion risk location information, analyze the potential gradient according to the current potential field and electric field response data, select measurement points in the determined potential corrosion area, perform potential gradient interpolation calculations on the potential risk area, obtain continuous potential gradient curves based on the gradient change trend, analyze the locations where the gradient changes significantly, and obtain the cathodic protection leakage point location information.

[0056] The corrosion risk distribution map in the area includes the corrosion risk levels of multiple areas of the pipeline, potential differences and soil resistivity distribution. The potential field distribution map around the pipeline includes the potential distribution on the pipeline surface, the potential changes in the soil area and the boundary potential conditions. The three-dimensional electric field response model includes the intensity distribution of the electric field in three-dimensional space, the electric field change trend in the time series and the local current density distribution data. The electric field hotspot position and time distribution information includes the spatial coordinates of the electric field hotspot, the hotspot duration and the changes in the electric field intensity. The potential corrosion risk location information includes the spatial position of the corrosion risk area, the range of the potential reduction area and the dynamic change characteristics of the soil resistivity. The cathodic protection leakage point location information includes the spatial coordinates of the leakage point area, the gradient change amplitude and the potential abnormality characteristics of the leakage point.

[0057] See also Figure 2 Based on the potential value and resistivity data in the pipeline area, the characteristic information in the area is extracted, and the corrosion risk aggregation analysis is performed through the soil characteristic data to determine the risk membership of the pipeline area. The specific steps for generating the corrosion risk distribution map in the area are as follows:

[0058] S101: Based on the potential value and resistivity data in the pipeline area, an initial data set including the geographical location and the potential and resistivity information is established, and regional characteristic information is generated by dividing the area into multiple cells and analyzing the potential and resistivity data of each cell;

[0059] The precise location of the pipeline and the geographical distribution data of the surrounding area are obtained through the Geographic Information System (GIS). The potential detector and resistivity meter are used to collect data for each pipeline node, record the potential value and resistivity data of each node of the pipeline, and divide these data into several cells according to the geographical location. The data in the cell is sorted and cleaned, and the noise interference and abnormal data points are removed by the data cleaning tool to ensure the accuracy of the data. After that, the characteristic parameters such as the potential fluctuation range and resistivity change in the cell are extracted one by one using the data processing program. The potential data is filtered through a low-pass filter to remove outliers, and the resistivity data is smoothed by the mean smoothing method to reduce the impact of noise and ensure that the data can accurately reflect the actual situation. Next, the characteristic information of each cell is integrated into the overall regional characteristics, and the distribution map of regional potential and resistivity is drawn in combination with spatial analysis tools to construct the characteristic data set of the entire region, and finally sorted and output as regional characteristic information.

[0060] S102: Based on the regional characteristic information, a spatial distribution model of the region is constructed, the resistivity and geological characteristics of the soil are combined with the spatial position of each grid unit, the distribution of the soil resistivity is calculated, and the soil characteristics of the grid unit are quantitatively analyzed to generate soil characteristic distribution data;

[0061] When constructing the spatial distribution model of the region, the resistivity and geological characteristics of the soil are combined with the spatial position of the grid unit to calculate the soil resistivity distribution in each grid unit. The following formula is used for calculation:

[0062]

[0063] in, Indicates Row and The average resistivity of the column grid cells, used to quantify the soil conductivity of each grid cell, Represents the number of measurement points within a grid cell, which is usually determined by the number of sensors deployed on site. Representative The soil resistivity of each measuring point is obtained by the resistivity measuring equipment. Indicates The distance from each measuring point to the pipeline is calculated by distance measuring equipment or through a geographic information system.

[0064] If there are 5 measurement points in a grid unit, the measured resistivities are: , , , , The distance between the measuring point and the pipeline is: , , , , .

[0065] Substituting the data into the formula:

[0066]

[0067] The calculation results are:

[0068]

[0069] Based on the calculation results, the soil conductivity within each grid cell can be quantitatively analyzed. Higher resistivity values ​​usually indicate poor soil conductivity and low moisture content, while lower resistivity values ​​indicate better conductivity, which may be related to high moisture or geological characteristics of the soil. By quantitatively analyzing the soil resistivity of the entire area, areas with significant conductivity changes can be accurately identified, providing an important basis for subsequent corrosion risk assessment. If the conventional resistivity is , it can be inferred that the soil conductivity in this grid area is good and the corrosion risk is low.

[0070] S103: Based on the soil property distribution data, the corrosion risk of the pipeline area is calculated by evaluating the corrosion influencing factors in each grid unit, and a corrosion risk distribution map in the area is generated according to the current soil resistivity, pipeline material, ambient humidity and potential change trend information;

[0071] In order to assess the corrosion risk in the pipeline area, the corrosion risk value of each grid unit is calculated by combining multiple factors such as soil resistivity, pipeline material, ambient humidity and potential change trend using the following formula:

[0072]

[0073] in, Indicates The corrosion risk value of each grid cell is used to assess the corrosion possibility of the area. represents the resistivity value obtained by the above calculation, Represents the pipe material coefficient, which is set according to the characteristics of the pipe material. Represents the environmental humidity coefficient, which is determined by collecting current humidity information through the humidity sensor and combining it with the environmental standard table.

[0074] If the resistivity value of a grid cell is 9.89 , the pipe material coefficient is 1.5. If the humidity is 70%, the humidity coefficient is 1.2, then the corrosion risk value is calculated as follows:

[0075]

[0076] Based on the corrosion risk value, the possible corrosion influencing factors in each grid cell can be further evaluated. Specifically, grid cells with higher corrosion risk values ​​may be more susceptible to corrosion due to lower humidity, poor soil conductivity, or poor corrosion resistance of pipeline materials. Based on these calculation results, by mapping the corrosion risk value of each grid cell to the regional map and using color gradients to represent different risk levels, a corrosion risk distribution map for the entire region can be generated.

[0077] See also Figure 3 Based on the corrosion risk distribution map in the area, the boundary processing of the soil-pipeline interface potential is carried out, and the potential field model is established. According to the boundary conditions, conductivity and potential gradient relationship in the model, the specific steps to obtain the potential field distribution map around the pipeline are as follows:

[0078] S201: Based on the corrosion risk distribution map in the area, by extracting the potential value of the interface between the pipeline and the soil, the boundary of the potential field is established at the interface between the pipeline and the soil, and the boundary of the potential field is determined by using the difference between the pipeline surface potential and the soil potential to generate boundary condition potential data;

[0079] First, the potential value of the interface between the pipeline and the soil is extracted, and the potential measurement probe is used to collect data at multiple key points. The potential difference between the pipeline and the soil is an important basis for detecting the effect of cathodic protection. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out multi-point control measurement along the pipeline direction at the interface to ensure that the entire area is covered. During the measurement process, the equipment needs to collect potential data at a certain distance, record the spatial coordinates of the measurement points, and digitally record the potential data of each point through the data acquisition system. Then, the difference between the potential value of the pipeline surface and the soil is analyzed, and the area with a large potential difference is identified by comparing the potential difference between multiple points. After extracting these difference data, the data processing software is used to set the boundary conditions of the collected potential information. By setting the initial potential field boundary conditions, the system generates a model of the initial potential field, and preliminarily defines the boundary conditions between the pipeline surface and the soil. According to the potential difference at different positions, the local boundary conditions are corrected to generate the final boundary condition potential data.

[0080] S202: Based on the boundary condition potential data, a three-dimensional potential field model of the pipeline area is constructed, the overall spatial potential field is calculated according to the conductivity and potential gradient changes of multiple areas, the distribution of the potential gradient at each position in the three-dimensional space is analyzed, and an initial distribution map of the potential field is generated;

[0081] When constructing the three-dimensional potential field model of the pipeline area, the spatial potential field is calculated based on the boundary condition potential data according to the changes in conductivity and potential gradient. The specific calculation process is as follows, and the distribution of the potential field is calculated using the following formula:

[0082]

[0083] In the formula, It represents the potential value of any point in the pipeline area. This value reflects the potential distribution in space and changes with different spatial positions. It represents the potential value under the initial boundary conditions. This value is obtained by measuring the potential difference at the interface between the pipeline and the soil based on the boundary condition potential data. Indicates the conductivity of a certain location in space. The conductivity is obtained through soil resistivity measurement equipment and reflects the changes in soil conductivity. It represents the potential gradient, that is, the rate of change of potential with spatial position. The gradient change is obtained by measuring and calculating the potential difference at multiple points. It is the integral of the spatial volume and is used to calculate the overall distribution of the potential field in the entire three-dimensional space. are the coordinate axes in three-dimensional space.

[0084] If the initial potential in a region , the conductivity of this area , potential gradient . Substituting the parameters into the formula:

[0085]

[0086] If the volume of the region , then after integration we get:

[0087]

[0088] This calculation result indicates that the potential value at a specific location is 4V. By calculating the potential values ​​of multiple points in three-dimensional space, the potential field distribution of the entire space can be generated. Compared with the potential without external interference, the change in the potential field can reflect the conductivity of the soil around the pipeline and the size of the corrosion risk. A decrease in the potential value usually means that the soil conductivity is enhanced, and cathodic protection measures may need to be strengthened. The potential gradient of each location is calculated by comparing the potential value in each area with the potential value of its adjacent location. The larger the potential gradient, the faster the potential changes with the location, and it is usually possible to identify abnormal points or high-risk areas in the potential field. For the potential field distribution of the entire space, the potential value of each grid unit is compared with the surrounding location in turn during the analysis process to generate a potential gradient distribution map. In this process, the analysis of the potential field is not limited to a single direction, but needs to be combined with multiple directions in three-dimensional space. By performing differential analysis of the potential values ​​along different directions of the X, Y, and Z axes, the three-dimensional potential gradient of each location is obtained. These potential gradient data can help identify areas in space where the potential changes faster, thereby determining the distribution of the electric field strength. Finally, based on these calculation results, the potential gradient data of all points will be integrated into a complete initial distribution map of the potential field.

[0089] S203: Based on the initial distribution map of the potential field, the distribution characteristics of the potential gradient change in the pipeline area in the three-dimensional space are evaluated, and the results are corrected in combination with the conductivity and soil characteristics to obtain the potential field distribution map around the pipeline;

[0090] First, it is necessary to evaluate the potential gradient changes at different spatial locations in the pipeline area, use a three-dimensional potential gradient analysis tool to obtain the potential change trend in different areas, and correct it in combination with the soil conductivity information. The key step in potential gradient evaluation is to measure the potential value of each spatial point, perform difference analysis on these values ​​and adjacent points, and obtain the potential change rate of each measuring point. Then, use a multivariate data processing tool to normalize the potential change rate of each point so that it can be uniformly evaluated under different conditions. According to the changes in potential gradients at different locations, analyze its distribution characteristics in three-dimensional space. Combined with the soil conductivity data, by comparing the relationship between the potential gradient value and the conductivity, correct the errors that may be caused by differences in soil characteristics to ensure the accuracy of the potential gradient evaluation. Finally, through these corrected potential gradient data, an accurate potential field distribution map around the pipeline is generated to provide data support for subsequent cathodic protection measures.

[0091] See also Figure 4 , based on the potential field distribution map around the pipeline, a three-dimensional spatial grid of pipelines, soil and electrodes is constructed, and the time step is set to capture the dynamic changes of the electric field. According to the changing trend of the electric field in time and space, the specific steps of obtaining the three-dimensional electric field response model are as follows:

[0092] S301: Based on the potential field distribution map around the pipeline, a three-dimensional space grid of the pipeline, soil and electrodes is constructed, the space grid is divided into a plurality of nodes, and initial conductivity and magnetic permeability parameters are set for each node to generate a three-dimensional space grid model;

[0093] First, a three-dimensional spatial grid is constructed, and the finite element method is used to spatially divide the areas of pipelines, soil, and electrodes. The three-dimensional coordinate information of each node is obtained through the geographic information system (GIS) and the actual layout data of the pipeline to ensure that the spatial position of each node is accurate. When establishing the spatial grid, the entire area is divided into several small grid units according to the physical properties of the pipeline and the surrounding soil. Subsequently, two key parameters, conductivity and magnetic permeability, need to be set for each node. The conductivity parameter can be obtained through the soil resistivity meter, and the measurement data reflects the conductivity of the soil around the pipeline. The magnetic permeability is set according to the characteristics of the pipeline material and the electrode material. It can be measured directly by consulting the magnetic permeability table of the material or by the magnetic permeability test equipment. After setting these parameters, the nodes and parameters are associated to form a three-dimensional spatial grid model. After the grid division and parameter setting are completed, it can ensure that the subtle changes in the electric and magnetic fields in the space are captured in the subsequent calculations.

[0094] S302: Based on the three-dimensional space grid model, set the time step, capture the dynamic changes of the electric field at multiple time points in time series, record the electric field distribution at each time point, and generate the electric field distribution data at the time point;

[0095] By selecting an appropriate time step, numerical analysis methods such as the finite difference method (FDM) or the finite element method (FEM) are used to divide time into multiple small time intervals to ensure that the time step is small enough to reflect the dynamic characteristics of the electric field when it changes rapidly. At each time point, the electric field value of each node is obtained through the electric field sensor to capture the electric field distribution. In order to accurately reflect the electric field changes in the entire area, the electric field value acquisition process uses multi-point electric field detection technology to measure the electric field value at each node of the spatial grid. Then, the electric field data at each time point is recorded and stored, and accumulated one by one as time goes on until the entire time series is covered. By performing time series analysis on the electric field data at each time point, the electric field changes of each node over time can be accurately monitored, and finally the complete electric field distribution data at the time point is generated.

[0096] S303: Based on the electric field distribution data at the time point, analyzing the trend of the electric field of the node in the three-dimensional space changing with time, integrating the electric field response data in the space and time dimensions, and obtaining a three-dimensional electric field response model;

[0097] First, the electric field of nodes in three-dimensional space is analyzed over time. By using data processing tools such as MATLAB or Python libraries, the electric field changes of each node at different time points are tracked using time series analysis methods. The difference in the electric field over time can be obtained by comparing the changes in the node electric field data at consecutive time points. This process is performed by the difference method, that is, the electric field values ​​of adjacent time points are collected at a specific time point, and then the corresponding changes are compared. After that, these change data are integrated into the trend data of the time series, and then the data is interpolated using an interpolation algorithm to ensure the continuity of the data in the time and space dimensions. Combining the spatial coordinates and time dimensions, the electric field change trend of each node is modeled, and its change trajectory is recorded in the three-dimensional data set, and finally the data is integrated into an electric field response model. Through this model, the characteristics of the electric field changes in the entire three-dimensional space can be revealed and key trend information can be provided.

[0098] See also Figure 5 Based on the three-dimensional electric field response model and the corrosion risk distribution map in the area, the changes of the electric field over time are tracked and analyzed, the distribution and change process of the electric field hotspots are monitored and recorded, and the specific steps for obtaining the location and time distribution information of the electric field hotspots are as follows:

[0099] S401: Based on the three-dimensional electric field response model and the corrosion risk distribution map, monitor the changes of the electric field at each time point, extract the time series data of the cathodic protection current application, record the current situation at each time node, and generate dynamic current data;

[0100] First, the changes in the electric field at each time point are monitored. High-precision electric field sensors are used and arranged in key areas around the pipeline to obtain electric field data at each time node according to the set acquisition frequency. The electric field sensor transmits the electric field strength data at each time point to the data processing center, and uses the current acquisition device to obtain the time series data of the cathodic protection current in combination with the current application time point. The current data at each time node includes the magnitude, direction and duration of the current. By associating these current data with the electric field changes at the corresponding time points, the time series changes of the electric field response with the current application are further analyzed. All collected data are summarized and sorted using data processing software to ensure that the current application data corresponds to the electric field changes, and finally generate dynamic current data.

[0101] S402: Based on the dynamic current data, adjusting the application frequency and time of the cathodic protection current, recording the change of the electric field strength after the adjustment, monitoring the area where the electric field strength increases, and generating electric field hot spot data;

[0102] First, adjust the frequency and time of application of the cathodic protection current. Use remote control technology to adjust the frequency of current application to ensure that the duration and frequency of current application match the records in the dynamic current data. Each time the current application parameters are adjusted, use electric field sensors arranged around the pipeline for synchronous monitoring to capture changes in electric field strength, especially focusing on areas with increased electric field strength. After each current adjustment, the sensor will record the changes in electric field strength in real time, and visualize it through data analysis software to mark the nodes with increased electric field strength. For nodes where hot spots appear, feedback adjustments are made in combination with dynamic current data, and the optimal current application plan is determined through repeated experiments and monitoring. Finally, electric field hotspot data is generated.

[0103] S403: Based on the electric field hotspot data, the electric field hotspots on the pipeline surface and the surrounding area are analyzed in terms of position and time, the increase in local current density and abnormal potential changes are monitored, and the position and time distribution information of the electric field hotspots is obtained;

[0104] First, the electric field hot spots on the pipeline surface and surrounding areas are analyzed. Using a three-dimensional spatial data analysis tool, the hot spot data is associated with the time node, and the time and location of the hot spot are recorded in detail through the timing analysis software. The electric field intensity and duration of each hot spot area need to be compared with the time point of current application to identify areas where the local current density increases significantly. In this process, the historical data and dynamic current data of the electric field sensor are used to evaluate the abnormal changes in the potential in the hot spot area and observe whether the potential continues to deviate from the normal range. The location and time data of the hot spot area are presented through a three-dimensional visualization tool to generate a complete electric field hot spot distribution map. This distribution map can effectively display the changes in the electric field on the pipeline surface and surrounding areas, and finally obtain the location and time distribution information of the electric field hot spot.

[0105] See also Figure 6 Based on the location and time distribution information of the electric field hotspots, combined with the seasonal changes in soil resistivity, the potential distribution data under the external environment is selected, the potential field is recalculated, and the areas with reduced potential are identified. The specific steps to obtain the location information of potential corrosion risks are as follows:

[0106] S501: Based on the location and time distribution information of the electric field hotspot, combined with the change of soil resistivity in multiple seasons, select the potential distribution data under the external environment, compare the potential changes under multiple seasons and environmental conditions, and generate the external environment potential distribution data;

[0107] First, multi-point soil resistivity sensors are used to obtain resistivity data for each season. The key nodes of the measurement include the pipeline and areas prone to corrosion. The collected soil resistivity data is associated with external environmental parameters such as temperature and humidity, especially using meteorological data to obtain temperature and humidity changes in different seasons. These external environmental parameters are normalized through data processing software to ensure that the data is consistent in different seasons. At the same time, the potential distribution data is synchronously acquired in different areas around the pipeline through potential sensors, with particular attention paid to the dynamic changes of potential under environmental conditions. All resistivity and potential data are compared, the impact of seasonal changes on potential distribution is analyzed, and external potential distribution data under different environmental conditions is generated.

[0108] S502: Based on the external environment potential distribution data, the potential field is recalculated according to the area where the potential changes, the area where the potential is significantly reduced under multiple environmental conditions is identified and the area information is marked, and the potential reduction area information is generated;

[0109] Based on the external environment potential distribution data, according to the formula:

[0110]

[0111] Recalculate the potential field and get the spatial position and time Potential on ;

[0112] In the formula, It stands for electrical conductivity, which is measured by a soil conductivity tester and indicates the conductivity of the soil in a specific area. Represents the electric field strength, which is obtained by the electric field strength sensor buried near the pipeline, reflecting the distribution and strength of the electric field in space. Represents the resistivity of soil at different time and space positions, which is the resistivity of soil over time. and spatial location , , The changing parameters are obtained by multiple measurements in different seasons using soil resistivity sensors, which represent the impedance characteristics of the soil around the pipeline under different environmental conditions. is the resistivity correction term considering seasonal changes, represents temperature, Represents humidity, temperature Obtained through meteorological data, humidity Monitored by environmental sensors.

[0113] If the electric field strength at a certain network node is 100V / m, the conductivity is 0.01S / m, and the soil resistivity is In winter, it is 10Ωm, in summer, it is 30Ωm, and considering the effect of seasonal changes on resistivity, the winter correction term is 2Ωm in winter and 5Ωm in summer. The potential values ​​in different seasons are calculated as follows:

[0114] Winter Potential:

[0115]

[0116] Summer Potential:

[0117]

[0118] Comparing historical data with these calculation results, the potential is significantly higher in winter, indicating that the potential field is better maintained under low resistivity conditions, while the potential field decreases in summer due to a significant increase in resistivity. This analysis is critical for cathodic protection of buried pipe networks. Higher potential in winter indicates better protection, while lower potential in summer means increased corrosion risk. By traversing all time and space nodes and marking areas with reduced potential, information on reduced potential areas is ultimately generated, providing a reliable basis for corrosion detection and maintenance of pipe networks.

[0119] S503: Based on the potential reduction area information, compare the potential changes under multiple environmental conditions, screen the area where the potential continues to decrease and corresponds to the corrosion risk, and obtain the potential corrosion risk location information;

[0120] First, the time series analysis method is used to extract the data on the change of potential in different periods. The potential change trend of each period is evaluated by combining historical monitoring data with real-time collected data. The specific potential data can be monitored by a potential sensor, and the temperature, humidity and other parameters obtained by the environmental sensor are associated to compare the interaction between potential changes and environmental factors. During the analysis process, the potential change trends under different environmental conditions are summarized, and those areas where the potential continues to drop are selected. These areas are scored in combination with the corrosion risk assessment tool to determine whether they have a high corrosion risk. Through the corrosion risk distribution map, high-risk areas can be accurately identified and the location of potential corrosion can be determined, and finally the potential corrosion risk location information of the pipeline can be obtained.

[0121] See also Figure 7 Based on the potential corrosion risk location information, the potential gradient is analyzed according to the current potential field and electric field response data, and the location where the gradient changes significantly is analyzed according to the gradient change trend. The specific steps for obtaining the cathodic protection leakage point location information are as follows:

[0122] S601: Based on the potential corrosion risk location information, combined with the current potential field and electric field response data, multiple measurement points in the potential corrosion area are determined, the potential gradient change is measured, and the potential gradient data of the measurement points are generated;

[0123] First, multiple key measurement points in potential corrosion areas are selected based on the current potential field and electric field response data. By analyzing the historical potential data and electric field response, it is necessary to ensure that areas with different potential gradient changes are covered when selecting measurement points, especially in areas where the potential fluctuations are large or the risk is high. More measurement points should be arranged in areas where the potential has fluctuated greatly in history. In actual operation, potential sensors are used to monitor the potential changes of each measurement point in real time. The sensors should be installed in key areas where the pipeline is buried to ensure good contact with the pipeline and surrounding soil. During the measurement process, the sensors need to be calibrated regularly and the changes in the potential gradient of each measurement point should be recorded. In particular, when the potential gradient fluctuates, the sampling frequency should be increased to ensure that the recorded potential gradient data is accurate enough. All measurement data are transmitted in real time, and outliers or measurement errors are eliminated through noise filtering algorithms to generate measurement point potential gradient data.

[0124] S602: Based on the potential gradient data of the measuring points, interpolation calculation is performed on the potential gradient of the potential corrosion area, and the potential gradient change of the measuring points is integrated to generate potential gradient curve information;

[0125] Based on the potential gradient data of the measuring point, according to the formula:

[0126]

[0127] The potential gradient of the potential corrosion area is interpolated to obtain the potential gradient of the potential corrosion area in the space. Interpolated potential gradient at ;

[0128] in, Used to determine the potential gradient distribution between measurement points, It is The potential value of each measuring point, in volts (V), is obtained by direct measurement at the measuring point in the potential corrosion area, using buried potential sensors to obtain real-time data. It is The potential value of adjacent measuring points, in volts (V), is obtained by comparing the potential change with the adjacent points. It is the measuring point and measuring points The distance between the two points is in meters (m), which is obtained through actual on-site measurements. The closer the measurement points are, the greater the impact on the interpolation results. Indicates The conductivity of the soil at each measurement point is measured in Siemens per meter (S / m). It is obtained through a soil conductivity sensor. The conductivity is affected by factors such as soil moisture and density. It indicates the average soil conductivity of all measuring points in the entire measurement area, in Siemens per meter (S / m). It is obtained by averaging the conductivity data of multiple measuring points in the area. Indicates the number of adjacent measuring points. The specific number is determined according to the distribution of the measuring points.

[0129] If there are two measurement points in a potential corrosion area, the first measurement point The potential of the second measurement point is 0.5V. The potential is 0.3V, and the distance between the two points is 5 meters, soil conductivity , average conductivity The potential gradient obtained by interpolation calculation is:

[0130]

[0131] If the historical potential gradient is 0.48V under similar conditions, this result shows that the potential gradient has decreased significantly compared with the historical value, and considering the soil conductivity correction term, the improved calculation can more accurately reflect the impact of changes in soil conditions on the potential gradient. The decrease in potential gradient indicates that there may be an increased risk of corrosion in the area, especially when soil moisture increases or density decreases. This result indicates that cathodic protection measures may need to be strengthened in this area to prevent further corrosion. The potential gradient curve is generated by interpolation calculation, and the potential changes of each measuring point are integrated to finally generate the potential gradient curve information for further evaluation of corrosion risk areas.

[0132] After collecting the potential gradient data of the measuring points, complete potential gradient curve information can be generated through multi-point measurement and comparative analysis. Specifically, the potential change data of each measuring point is normalized according to time and spatial position to ensure that the data between different measuring points are comparable. Then, the interpolation algorithm is used to interpolate the potential gradient changes between the measuring points to generate a continuous potential gradient distribution map. This distribution map combines the potential gradient information of each measuring point to generate potential gradient curve information that reflects the potential change trend of the entire pipeline area.

[0133] S603: Based on the potential gradient curve information, determine the location and change trend of significant potential fluctuations to obtain cathodic protection leakage point location information;

[0134] First, the trend of potential gradient changes in the potential corrosion area is analyzed in detail, and the historical data is sorted out using the time series analysis method, and the real-time potential data is compared with the historical data. During the analysis process, the significant fluctuation points in the potential curve are marked, and the positions of the fluctuation points are located in combination with the GIS system to ensure that these fluctuations are associated with the geographical location. Special attention is paid to the locations where the potential gradient changes greatly, and whether these change points are related to changes in the external environment (such as temperature, humidity, etc.) is analyzed. The correlation model between the fluctuation points and environmental factors is established using statistical analysis tools to identify areas where there may be leaks or cathodic protection failures. By comprehensively analyzing the fluctuations of each measuring point and combining the trend of the potential curve, the specific location of the cathodic protection failure is located, and the location information of the cathodic protection leak is generated.

[0135] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in other forms. Any technician familiar with the profession may use the technical contents disclosed above to change or modify them into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes and apply them to other fields. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution of the present invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optimization method for improving cathodic protection detection of complex buried pipe networks, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Based on the potential value and resistivity data in the pipeline area, the characteristic information in the area is extracted, and the corrosion risk aggregation analysis is performed through the soil characteristic data to determine the risk membership of the pipeline area and generate a corrosion risk distribution map in the area; Based on the corrosion risk distribution map in the area, boundary processing of the potential at the interface between the soil and the pipeline is performed, a potential field model is established, and a potential field distribution map around the pipeline is obtained according to the relationship between the boundary conditions, conductivity and potential gradient in the model; Based on the potential field distribution map around the pipeline, a three-dimensional spatial grid of the pipeline, soil and electrodes is constructed, a time step is set to capture the dynamic changes of the electric field, and a three-dimensional electric field response model is obtained according to the change trend of the electric field in time and space; Based on the three-dimensional electric field response model and the corrosion risk distribution map in the area, the change of the electric field over time is tracked and analyzed, the distribution and change process of the electric field hotspots are monitored and recorded, and the position and time distribution information of the electric field hotspots are obtained; Based on the electric field hotspot location and time distribution information, combined with the seasonal variation of soil resistivity, the potential distribution data under the external environment is selected, the potential field is recalculated, the area with reduced potential is identified, and the potential corrosion risk location information is obtained; Based on the potential corrosion risk location information, the potential gradient is analyzed according to the current potential field and electric field response data, and the location where the gradient changes significantly is analyzed according to the gradient change trend to obtain the cathodic protection leakage point location information.

2. The optimization method for improving cathodic protection detection of complex buried pipe networks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The corrosion risk distribution map in the area includes the corrosion risk levels of multiple areas of the pipeline, the potential differences and the soil resistivity distribution. The potential field distribution map around the pipeline includes the potential distribution on the pipeline surface, the potential changes in the soil area and the boundary potential conditions. The three-dimensional electric field response model includes the intensity distribution of the electric field in three-dimensional space, the electric field change trend in the time series and the local current density distribution data. The electric field hotspot position and time distribution information includes the spatial coordinates of the electric field hotspot, the hotspot duration and the change in the electric field intensity. The potential corrosion risk position information includes the spatial position of the corrosion risk area, the range of the potential reduction area and the dynamic change characteristics of the soil resistivity. The cathodic protection leakage point position information includes the spatial coordinates of the leakage point area, the gradient change amplitude and the potential abnormality characteristics of the leakage point.

3. The optimization method for improving cathodic protection detection of complex buried pipe networks according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the potential value and resistivity data in the pipeline area, the characteristic information in the area is extracted, and the corrosion risk aggregation analysis is performed through the soil characteristic data to determine the risk membership of the pipeline area. The specific steps for generating the corrosion risk distribution map in the area are as follows: Based on the potential value and resistivity data in the pipeline area, an initial data set including geographic location and potential and resistivity information is established, and regional characteristic information is generated by dividing the area into multiple cells and analyzing the potential and resistivity data of each cell; Based on the regional characteristic information, a spatial distribution model of the region is constructed, the resistivity and geological characteristics of the soil are combined with the spatial position of each grid unit, the distribution of the soil resistivity is calculated, and the soil characteristics of the grid unit are quantitatively analyzed to generate soil characteristic distribution data; Based on the soil property distribution data, the corrosion risk of the pipeline area is calculated by evaluating the corrosion influencing factors in each grid unit, and a corrosion risk distribution map in the area is generated according to the current soil resistivity, pipeline material, ambient humidity and potential change trend information.

4. The optimization method for improving cathodic protection detection of complex buried pipe networks according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the corrosion risk distribution map in the area, the boundary processing of the soil-pipeline interface potential is carried out, and the potential field model is established. According to the boundary conditions, conductivity and potential gradient relationship in the model, the specific steps of obtaining the potential field distribution map around the pipeline are as follows: Based on the corrosion risk distribution map in the area, by extracting the potential value of the interface between the pipeline and the soil, establishing the boundary of the potential field at the interface between the pipeline and the soil, determining the boundary of the potential field by utilizing the difference between the pipeline surface potential and the soil potential, and generating boundary condition potential data; Based on the boundary condition potential data, a three-dimensional potential field model of the pipeline area is constructed, the overall spatial potential field is calculated according to the conductivity and potential gradient changes of multiple areas, the distribution of the potential gradient at each position in the three-dimensional space is analyzed, and an initial distribution map of the potential field is generated; Based on the initial distribution map of the potential field, the distribution characteristics of the potential gradient change in the pipeline area in three-dimensional space are evaluated, and the results are corrected in combination with the conductivity and soil characteristics to obtain the potential field distribution map around the pipeline.

5. The optimization method for improving cathodic protection detection of complex buried pipe networks according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the potential field distribution map around the pipeline, a three-dimensional spatial grid of pipelines, soil and electrodes is constructed, and the time step is set to capture the dynamic changes of the electric field. According to the changing trend of the electric field in time and space, the specific steps of obtaining the three-dimensional electric field response model are as follows: Based on the potential field distribution map around the pipeline, a three-dimensional space grid of the pipeline, soil and electrodes is constructed, the space grid is divided into a plurality of nodes, and initial conductivity and magnetic permeability parameters are set for each node to generate a three-dimensional space grid model; Based on the three-dimensional space grid model, a time step is set to capture the dynamic changes of the electric field at multiple time points in a time series, record the electric field distribution at each time point, and generate electric field distribution data at the time point; Based on the electric field distribution data at the time point, the trend of the electric field of the node in the three-dimensional space changing with time is analyzed, and the electric field response data in the space and time dimensions are integrated to obtain a three-dimensional electric field response model.

6. The optimization method for improving cathodic protection detection of complex buried pipe networks according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the three-dimensional electric field response model and the corrosion risk distribution map in the region, the changes of the electric field over time are tracked and analyzed, the distribution and change process of the electric field hot spots are monitored and recorded, and the specific steps for obtaining the position and time distribution information of the electric field hot spots are as follows: Based on the three-dimensional electric field response model and the corrosion risk distribution map, monitor the change of the electric field at each time point, extract the time series data of the application of the cathodic protection current, record the current situation at each time node, and generate dynamic current data; Based on the dynamic current data, adjusting the application frequency and time of the cathodic protection current, recording the change of the electric field strength after the adjustment, monitoring the area where the electric field strength increases, and generating electric field hot spot data; Based on the electric field hotspot data, the electric field hotspots on the pipeline surface and surrounding areas are analyzed for position and time distribution, local current density increases and abnormal potential changes are monitored, and the electric field hotspot position and time distribution information is obtained.

7. The optimization method for improving cathodic protection detection of complex buried pipe networks according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the electric field hotspot location and time distribution information, combined with the seasonal changes in soil resistivity, the potential distribution data under the external environment is selected, the potential field is recalculated, and the area with reduced potential is identified. The specific steps for obtaining the potential corrosion risk location information are as follows: Based on the electric field hotspot location and time distribution information, combined with the change of soil resistivity in multiple seasons, the potential distribution data under the external environment is selected, and the potential changes under multiple seasons and environmental conditions are compared to generate the external environment potential distribution data; Based on the external environment potential distribution data, the potential field is recalculated according to the area where the potential changes, the area where the potential is significantly reduced under multiple environmental conditions is identified and the area information is marked, and the potential reduction area information is generated; Based on the potential reduction area information, the potential changes under multiple environmental conditions are compared, and the areas where the potential continues to decrease and corresponds to the corrosion risk are screened to obtain the potential corrosion risk location information.

8. The optimization method for improving cathodic protection detection of complex buried pipe networks according to claim 7, characterized in that: Based on the external environment potential distribution data, according to the formula: Recalculate the potential field and get the spatial position and time Potential on ; In the formula, represents the conductivity, represents the electric field strength, Represents the resistivity of the soil at different time and space positions, is the resistivity correction term considering seasonal changes, represents temperature, Represents humidity, are the coordinate axes in three-dimensional space.

9. The optimization method for improving cathodic protection detection of complex buried pipe networks according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the potential corrosion risk location information, the potential gradient is analyzed according to the current potential field and electric field response data, and the location where the gradient changes significantly is analyzed according to the gradient change trend. The specific steps for obtaining the cathodic protection leakage point location information are as follows: Based on the potential corrosion risk location information, combined with the current potential field and electric field response data, multiple measurement points in the potential corrosion area are determined, potential gradient changes are measured, and potential gradient data of the measurement points are generated; Based on the potential gradient data of the measuring points, interpolation calculation is performed on the potential gradient of the potential corrosion area, and the potential gradient change of the measuring points is integrated to generate potential gradient curve information; Based on the potential gradient curve information, the location and change trend of significant potential fluctuations are determined to obtain the cathodic protection leakage point location information.

10. The optimization method for improving cathodic protection detection of complex buried pipe networks according to claim 9, characterized in that: Based on the potential gradient data of the measuring point, according to the formula: The potential gradient of the potential corrosion area is interpolated to obtain the potential gradient of the potential corrosion area in the space. Interpolated potential gradient at ; in, It is The potential value of each measuring point, It is The potential values ​​of adjacent measuring points, It is the measuring point and measuring points The distance between Indicates The conductivity of the soil at each measuring point, It represents the average value of soil conductivity of all measuring points in the whole measuring area. Indicates the number of adjacent measurement points.

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