Farmland drainage scheduling system and drainage scheduling method

Abstract

The invention discloses a farmland drainage scheduling system and a drainage scheduling method, and relates to the field of drainage scheduling, the farmland drainage scheduling system comprises four controllers, three valves, two gates and a cloud database; the farmland is communicated with the agricultural ditch through a first valve; the agricultural ditches are communicated with the drainage ditches; the field ditch is communicated with the farmland through a second valve; the drainage ditch is communicated with the stagnant storage pond through a first gate; the bucket canal is communicated with the field canal through a second gate; a water outlet of the stagnant storage pond, a water inlet of the bucket canal and a water inlet of the outer river channel are communicated through a third valve; the first controller is connected with the first valve and the second valve. The second controller is connected with the first valve, the second valve and the second gate. The third controller is connected with the first gate and the cloud database. According to the farmland drainage system, the problem that the farmland pollution load is discharged along with the surface runoff during rainfall and drainage of the farmland drainage system can be solved, and the ecological environment of the farmland is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of drainage scheduling, and in particular to a farmland drainage scheduling system and a drainage scheduling method. Background Art

[0002] The water network area is hot and humid with abundant water resources. It is one of the important rice production areas, but also a high-risk area for water pollution and water quality shortage. Due to the high intensity of farmland development and the irrational application of fertilizers and pesticides during rice operations, surface runoff is very likely to occur during rainfall and drainage, causing the loss of nutrients in rice fields and agricultural non-point source pollution. In the process of rapid industrialization and urbanization, the discharge of urban domestic sewage and industrial wastewater has caused serious environmental pollution. A large amount of untreated sewage has been directly discharged into natural rivers, affecting the quality of water resources, making water unusable and forming a water quality shortage.

[0003] The farmland drainage system in the water network area is mainly composed of field ditches, water ditches, drainage hub projects and drainage receiving areas. Its special "field-ditch-pond" drainage system has the characteristics of strong drainage randomness, multiple pollutant transfer paths and complex migration and transformation processes. Paddy fields are the most important type of farmland in the drainage system. In the past, they were affected by extensive and inefficient water use, and drainage was highly random. After precipitation, a large amount of rainwater resources were generally discharged, which not only caused a waste of water resources, but also caused serious agricultural non-point source pollution problems. Water conservation and emission reduction have also become the primary water management task in the water network area.

[0004] The drainage system, as a transition zone between farmland and natural water bodies, is an important part of the control of agricultural non-point source pollution. Farmland ditches have the dual functions of irrigation and drainage, connecting upstream rice fields and downstream water storage ponds. Typical pond wetlands are generally surface flow wetlands with a certain water storage capacity and the functions of water storage and water purification. Under the conventional drainage mode of rice fields, when rainfall or farmland drainage occurs, the surface runoff generated by the rice fields directly enters the drainage ditch, is transported to the pond wetlands, and finally flows into rivers and lakes. At the same time, a large amount of farmland pollutants are also discharged.

[0005] At present, most of the research on rice field drainage regulation focuses on the flood resistance of crops. However, the unique drainage system in the water network area requires that drainage planning should not only consider crop growth, but also how to reduce the emission of non-point source pollutants. Therefore, it is necessary to take the "field-ditch-pond" drainage system in the water network area as the research object and carry out research on farmland drainage regulation with the goal of reducing pollutant emissions. How to solve the problem of farmland pollution load being discharged with surface runoff during rainfall and drainage in the "field-ditch-pond" drainage system in the water network area has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a farmland drainage scheduling system and a drainage scheduling method, which can solve the problem of farmland pollution load being discharged with surface runoff during rainfall and drainage in the farmland drainage system, and improve the farmland ecological environment.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present application provides a farmland drainage scheduling system, which is used for a farmland drainage system; the farmland drainage system includes: farmland, farm ditches, drainage ditches, retention ponds, external rivers, ditches and farm ditches; the farmland drainage scheduling system includes: a first controller, a second controller, a third controller, a fourth controller, a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, a first gate, a second gate and a cloud database;

[0009] The farmland is connected to the farm channel through the first valve; the farm ditch is connected to the drainage ditch; the farm channel is connected to the farmland through the second valve; the drainage ditch is connected to the detention pond through the first gate; the ditch and the farm channel are connected through the second gate; the outlet of the detention pond, the inlet of the ditch and the inlet of the external river are connected through the third valve; the first controller is connected to the first valve and the second valve respectively; the second controller is connected to the first valve, the second valve and the second gate respectively; the third controller is connected to the first gate and the cloud database respectively; the fourth controller is connected to the third valve;

[0010] The cloud database is used to use weather forecast data to predict whether rainfall will cause farmland drainage and cause the water level in the drainage ditch to be higher than the drainage ditch set value, and when it is higher than the drainage ditch set value, calculate the required drainage ditch storage capacity including rainfall according to the existing water storage capacity of the current drainage ditch, and determine the drainage ditch pre-drop control water level according to the drainage ditch storage capacity;

[0011] The cloud database is also used to calculate the required storage capacity of the detention pond including rainfall according to the existing water storage of the current detention pond if the storage capacity of the drainage ditch is greater than the maximum storage capacity of the drainage ditch, and determine the pre-drainage control water level of the detention pond according to the storage capacity of the detention pond;

[0012] When the water level of the farmland is higher than the farmland set value, the second controller is used to control the first valve to open and the second valve to close, so that the water in the farmland is discharged into the farm ditch and then converged into the drainage ditch, and when the water level of the farmland drops to the farmland set value, the first valve is controlled to close;

[0013] When the water quality of the farmland is lower than the set water quality standard, the first controller is used to control the first valve to open and the second valve to close, so that the water in the farmland is discharged into the farm ditch and then converged into the drainage ditch. When the water level of the farmland is 0, the second controller is used to control the first valve to close, and at the same time control the second valve and the second gate to open, so as to replenish water to the farmland. When the water level of the farmland reaches the set value of the farmland, the second valve and the second gate are controlled to close.

[0014] When the water level of the farmland is lower than the farmland set value, the second controller is used to control the first valve to close and simultaneously control the second valve and the second gate to open, so as to replenish water to the farmland; when the water level of the farmland reaches the farmland set value, the second controller is used to control the second valve and the second gate to close;

[0015] When the water level of the drainage ditch is higher than the upper limit value set for the drainage ditch, the third controller is used to control the first gate to open, so as to discharge the water in the drainage ditch into the detention pond; when the water level of the drainage ditch is lower than the lower limit value set for the drainage ditch, the third controller is used to control the first gate to close;

[0016] When rainfall causes drainage of farmland and causes the water level in the drainage ditch to be higher than the set value of the drainage ditch, the third controller is used to control the first gate to open, discharge the water in the drainage ditch into the detention pond, and when the water level in the drainage ditch is lower than the pre-drainage control water level of the drainage ditch, control the first gate to close;

[0017] If the storage capacity of the drainage ditch is greater than the maximum storage capacity of the drainage ditch, the third controller is used to control the first gate to open, and the fourth controller is used to control the third valve to open, so as to discharge the water in the detention pond into the external river channel, and when the water level of the detention pond is lower than the pre-drop control water level of the detention pond, the third valve is controlled to close;

[0018] When the water level of the detention pond is higher than the set upper limit of the detention pond, the fourth controller controls the third valve to open, so as to discharge the water in the detention pond into the external river channel;

[0019] When the water level of the farmland is 0 and the water quality in the detention pond reaches the set water quality standard, the fourth controller is used to control the third valve to open, introduce the water in the detention pond into the ditches for irrigation, and when the water level of the farmland reaches the set value of the farmland, control the third valve to close.

[0020] Optionally, the farmland drainage scheduling system also includes: a first water quality sensor and a first water level sensor arranged in the farmland; the first water quality sensor is connected to the first controller; the first water level sensor is respectively connected to the second controller and the fourth controller; the first water quality sensor is used to detect the water quality of the farmland; the first water level sensor is used to detect the water level of the farmland.

[0021] Optionally, the farmland drainage scheduling system further includes: a second water level sensor disposed in the drainage ditch; the second water level sensor is connected to the third controller; and the second water level sensor is used to detect the water level of the drainage ditch.

[0022] Optionally, the farmland drainage scheduling system also includes: a third water level sensor and a second water quality sensor arranged in the detention pond; the third water level sensor is connected to the fourth controller and the cloud database respectively; the second water quality sensor is connected to the fourth controller; the third water level sensor is used to detect the water level of the detention pond; the second water quality sensor is used to detect the water quality of the detention pond.

[0023] Optionally, the farmland drainage scheduling system further includes: a water pump; the water pump is arranged between the water outlet of the detention pond and the third valve; the water pump is connected to the fourth controller.

[0024] Optionally, adsorbents are added to the drainage ditch and the detention pond.

[0025] Optionally, the first valve and the second valve are both solenoid valves; and the third valve is a three-way solenoid valve.

[0026] Optionally, both the first gate and the second gate are electric gates.

[0027] Optionally, the adsorbent is zeolite.

[0028] In a second aspect, the present application provides a farmland drainage scheduling method, which is used in the above-mentioned farmland drainage scheduling system, and the farmland drainage scheduling method includes:

[0029] When the water level of the farmland is higher than the set value of the farmland, the first valve is controlled to open and the second valve is closed, so that the water in the farmland is discharged into the farm ditch and then converged into the drainage ditch; and when the water level of the farmland drops to the set value of the farmland, the first valve is controlled to close;

[0030] When the water quality of the farmland is lower than the set water quality standard, the first valve is controlled to be opened and the second valve is controlled to be closed, so that the water in the farmland is discharged into the farm ditch and then converged into the drainage ditch; when the water level of the farmland is 0, the first valve is controlled to be closed, and the second valve and the second gate are controlled to be opened at the same time to replenish water to the farmland; when the water level of the farmland reaches the set value of the farmland, the second valve and the second gate are controlled to be closed;

[0031] When the water level of the farmland is lower than the farmland set value, the first valve is controlled to be closed and the second valve and the second gate are controlled to be opened at the same time to replenish water to the farmland; when the water level of the farmland reaches the farmland set value, the second valve and the second gate are controlled to be closed;

[0032] When the water level of the drainage ditch is higher than the upper limit value set for the drainage ditch, the first gate is controlled to open to discharge the water in the drainage ditch into the detention pond; when the water level of the drainage ditch is lower than the lower limit value set for the drainage ditch, the first gate is controlled to close;

[0033] When rainfall causes drainage of farmland and causes the water level in the drainage ditch to be higher than the set value of the drainage ditch, the first gate is controlled to be opened to discharge the water in the drainage ditch into the detention pond, and when the water level in the drainage ditch is lower than the pre-drainage control water level of the drainage ditch, the first gate is controlled to be closed;

[0034] If the storage capacity of the drainage ditch is greater than the maximum storage capacity of the drainage ditch, the first gate is controlled to be opened, and the third valve is controlled to be opened at the same time, so that the water in the detention pond is discharged into the outer river channel, and when the water level of the detention pond is lower than the pre-drop control water level of the detention pond, the third valve is controlled to be closed;

[0035] When the water level of the detention pond is higher than the set upper limit of the detention pond, the third valve is controlled to open to discharge the water in the detention pond into the external river channel;

[0036] When the water level of the farmland is 0 and the water quality in the detention pond reaches the set water quality standard, the third valve is controlled to open, and the water in the detention pond is introduced into the ditches for irrigation; and when the water level of the farmland reaches the set value of the farmland, the third valve is controlled to close;

[0037] Wherein, the method for determining the pre-drop control water level of the drainage ditch and the pre-drop control water level of the detention pond includes:

[0038] Using weather forecast data to predict whether rainfall will cause drainage of farmland resulting in the water level in the drainage ditch being higher than the set value of the drainage ditch;

[0039] If yes, the required drainage ditch storage capacity including rainfall is calculated according to the existing water storage capacity of the current drainage ditch, and the drainage ditch pre-drop control water level is determined according to the drainage ditch storage capacity;

[0040] If the storage capacity of the drainage ditch is greater than the maximum storage capacity of the drainage ditch, the required storage capacity of the detention pond including rainfall is calculated according to the existing water storage capacity of the detention pond, and the pre-drainage control water level of the detention pond is determined according to the storage capacity of the detention pond.

[0041] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, this application has the following technical effects:

[0042] The present application provides a farmland drainage scheduling system and a drainage scheduling method. The drainage scheduling is realized by setting a controller, valves, gates and a cloud database. The farmland drainage first enters the drainage ditch for initial retention and elimination. When the water storage capacity of the drainage ditch reaches the upper limit, the water enters the retention pond for secondary retention and elimination, thereby realizing the joint scheduling of the water body of the "field-ditch-pond" drainage system, and greatly reducing the pollutant concentration in the farmland drainage. The interception capacity of the drainage ditch and the retention pond is improved by adding gates to the drainage ditch and the retention pond. When the water level of the drainage ditch reaches the upper limit, it will flow into the retention pond. When the water level of the retention pond reaches the upper limit, it will be discharged into the external river. Combined with weather forecast data, the gates and valves are controlled to pre-lower the water level, thereby increasing the pre-rain retention storage capacity of the drainage ditch and the retention pond, and improving the drainage interception ratio. The present application solves the problem that the farmland pollution load is discharged with the surface runoff during rainfall and drainage in the farmland drainage system, and improves the farmland ecological environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0044] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a farmland drainage scheduling system provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the process of rice field drainage scheduling provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0046] Figure numerals: farmland-1; first water quality sensor-2; first water level sensor-3; first controller-4; second controller-5; first valve-6; farm ditch-7; drainage ditch-8; second water level sensor-9; third controller-10; first gate-11; detention pond-12; third water level sensor-13; fourth controller-14; water pump-15; external river channel-16; ditch-17; third valve-18; second valve-19; cloud database-20; second water quality sensor-21; second gate-22; farm ditch-23. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0048] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0049] At present, the research on water regulation and control of the "field-ditch-pond" drainage system generally remains at the unilateral effect of purifying water quality, and the water storage and regulation is mainly focused on the water balance process of individual rice fields, drainage ditches, and ponds. There is a lack of systematic research on the joint scheduling of the "field-ditch-pond" drainage system. How to improve the regulation and utilization of rainwater and drainage in the grain production process of irrigation areas still lacks systematic thinking and technical means. Most of the related research on rice field drainage regulation focuses on the flood resistance of crops, while the unique drainage system of the water network area requires that it not only considers crop growth when planning drainage, but also considers how to reduce the emission of non-point source pollutants. In addition, in order to pursue higher water use efficiency, farmland irrigation areas currently generally use hardened channels for irrigation and drainage of farmland. The complex channels and ditches not only damage the integrity of the farmland ecosystem, but also increase the risk of farmland small animals falling into hardened channels with less roughness and being difficult to escape. Therefore, it is necessary to take the "field-ditch-pond" drainage system in the water network area as the research object and carry out research on farmland drainage regulation with the main goal of reducing pollutant emissions. At the same time, improving the integrity of the farmland ecosystem should also be considered.

[0050] Pollution discharge mainly depends on drainage. In the construction of ecological farmland, how to combine pollutant control measures and intelligent regulation of irrigation and drainage to achieve near-zero pollutant emissions is a key scientific issue that needs to be solved urgently.

[0051] Based on the water network characteristics of the "field-ditch-pond" drainage system in the water network area, this application proposes a farmland drainage scheduling system and a drainage scheduling method. Through the joint drainage scheduling of the field-ditch-pond system, the purpose of weakening the external discharge of farmland pollution load can be achieved, and the non-point source pollution caused by the external discharge of farmland water can be alleviated. At the same time, it can also improve the integrity of the farmland ecological environment to a certain extent.

[0052] In an exemplary embodiment, a farmland drainage scheduling system is provided. The farmland drainage scheduling system is used for a farmland drainage system. The farmland drainage system is a "field-ditch-pond" drainage system. The farmland drainage system includes: farmland, farm ditches, drainage ditches, retention ponds, external rivers, ditches and farm channels.

[0053] See also Figure 1 The farmland drainage scheduling system includes: a first controller 4, a second controller 5, a third controller 10, a fourth controller 14, a first valve 6, a second valve 19, a third valve 18, a first gate 11, a second gate 22 and a cloud database 20.

[0054] The farmland 1 is connected to the farm ditch 7 through the first valve 6; the farm ditch 7 is connected to the drainage ditch 8; the farm channel 23 is connected to the farmland 1 through the second valve 19; the drainage ditch 8 is connected to the detention pond 12 through the first gate 11; the ditch 17 and the farm channel 23 are connected through the second gate 22; the outlet of the detention pond 12, the inlet of the ditch 17 and the inlet of the outer river 16 are connected through the third valve 18; the first controller 4 is connected to the first valve 6 and the second valve 19 respectively; the second controller 5 is connected to the first valve 6, the second valve 19 and the second gate 22 respectively; the third controller 10 is connected to the first gate 11 and the cloud database 20 respectively; the fourth controller 14 is connected to the third valve 18.

[0055] The cloud database 20 is used to use weather forecast data to predict whether rainfall will cause drainage of farmland 1, resulting in the water level in the drainage ditch 8 being higher than the drainage ditch set value, and when it is higher than the drainage ditch set value, the required drainage ditch storage capacity including rainfall is calculated based on the existing water storage capacity of the current drainage ditch 8, and the drainage ditch pre-drainage control water level is determined based on the drainage ditch storage capacity.

[0056] The cloud database 20 is also used to calculate the required storage capacity of the detention pond including rainfall according to the existing water storage capacity of the current detention pond if the storage capacity of the drainage ditch is greater than the maximum storage capacity of the drainage ditch 8, and determine the pre-drainage control water level of the detention pond according to the storage capacity of the detention pond.

[0057] When the water level of the farmland 1 is higher than the set value of the farmland, the second controller 5 is used to control the first valve 6 to open and the second valve 19 to close, so that the water in the farmland 1 is discharged into the farm ditch 7 and then converges into the drainage ditch 8. When the water level of the farmland 1 drops to the set value of the farmland, the first valve 6 is controlled to close.

[0058] When the water quality of farmland 1 is lower than the set water quality standard, the first controller 4 is used to control the first valve 6 to open and the second valve 19 to close, so that the water in farmland 1 is discharged into the farm ditch 7 and then converged into the drainage ditch 8. When the water level of farmland 1 is 0, the second controller 5 is used to control the first valve 6 to close, and at the same time control the second valve 19 and the second gate 22 to open, so as to replenish water to farmland 1. When the water level of farmland 1 reaches the set value of the farmland, the second valve 19 and the second gate 22 are controlled to close.

[0059] When the water level of farmland 1 is lower than the set value of the farmland, the second controller 5 is used to control the first valve 6 to close and simultaneously control the second valve 19 and the second gate 22 to open, so as to replenish water to farmland 1. When the water level of farmland 1 reaches the set value of the farmland, the second controller 5 is used to control the second valve 19 and the second gate 22 to close.

[0060] When the water level of the drainage ditch 8 is higher than the set upper limit value of the drainage ditch, the third controller 10 is used to control the first gate 11 to open, so as to discharge the water in the drainage ditch 8 into the retention pond 12; when the water level of the drainage ditch 8 is lower than the set lower limit value of the drainage ditch, the third controller 10 is used to control the first gate 11 to close.

[0061] When rainfall causes drainage of farmland 1 and causes the water level in drainage ditch 8 to be higher than the set value of drainage ditch, the third controller 10 is used to control the first gate 11 to open, discharge the water in drainage ditch 8 into retention pond 12, and when the water level of drainage ditch 8 is lower than the pre-drop control water level of drainage ditch, control the first gate 11 to close.

[0062] If the storage capacity of the drainage ditch is greater than the maximum storage capacity of the drainage ditch 8, the third controller 10 is used to control the first gate 11 to open, and the fourth controller 14 is used to control the third valve 18 to open, so as to discharge the water in the detention pond 12 into the external river channel 16, and when the water level of the detention pond 12 is lower than the pre-drainage control water level of the detention pond, the third valve 18 is controlled to close.

[0063] When the water level of the detention pond 12 is higher than the set upper limit of the detention pond, the fourth controller 14 controls the third valve 18 to open, so as to discharge the water in the detention pond 12 into the external river channel 16 .

[0064] When the water level of farmland 1 is 0 and the water quality in the detention pond 12 reaches the set water quality standard, the fourth controller 14 is used to control the third valve 18 to open, introduce the water in the detention pond 12 into the ditch 17 for irrigation, and when the water level of farmland 1 reaches the farmland set value, control the third valve 18 to close.

[0065] In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 1The farmland drainage scheduling system also includes: a first water quality sensor 2 and a first water level sensor 3 arranged in the farmland 1; the first water quality sensor 2 is connected to the first controller 4; the first water level sensor 3 is respectively connected to the second controller 5 and the fourth controller 14; the first water quality sensor 2 is used to detect the water quality of the farmland 1; the first water level sensor 3 is used to detect the water level of the farmland 1.

[0066] In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 1 The farmland drainage scheduling system also includes: a second water level sensor 9 arranged in the drainage ditch 8; the second water level sensor 9 is connected to the third controller 10; the second water level sensor 9 is used to detect the water level of the drainage ditch 8.

[0067] In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 1 The farmland drainage scheduling system also includes: a third water level sensor 13 and a second water quality sensor 21 arranged in the detention pond 12; the third water level sensor 13 is connected to the fourth controller 14 and the cloud database 20 respectively; the second water quality sensor 21 is connected to the fourth controller 14; the third water level sensor 13 is used to detect the water level of the detention pond 12; the second water quality sensor 21 is used to detect the water quality of the detention pond 12.

[0068] In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 1 The farmland drainage scheduling system also includes: a water pump 15; the water pump 15 is arranged between the water outlet of the detention pond 12 and the third valve 18; the water pump 15 is connected to the fourth controller 14.

[0069] In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, adsorbent is added to the drainage ditch 8 and the retention pond 12. The adsorbent may be zeolite.

[0070] In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, the first valve 6 and the second valve 19 are both solenoid valves; the third valve 18 is a three-way solenoid valve. The first gate 11 and the second gate 22 are both electric gates, which can realize automatic control. The first controller 4, the second controller 5, the third controller 10 and the fourth controller 14 are all programmable controllers. The drainage ditch 8 is an ecological drainage ditch.

[0071] A more detailed complete drainage scheduling process of the farmland drainage scheduling system of the above embodiment can be described as follows:

[0072] The drainage scheduling process is based on the water network characteristics of the "field-ditch-pond" drainage system, involving agricultural channels 23, drainage ditches 8, water pumps 15, detention ponds 12 and cloud databases 20.

[0073] Among them, the agricultural channel 23 is connected with the ditch 17 through the second gate 22. The drainage ditch 8 is connected with the outlet of the agricultural ditch 7 to store the water from the agricultural ditch 7, and the outlet of the drainage ditch 8 is connected with the detention pond 12 through the first gate 11. The water inlet of the water pump 15 is connected with the detention pond 12 through the first pipeline, and the water outlet of the water pump 15, the water inlet of the ditch 17 for irrigation and the water inlet of the external river 16 are connected with the third valve 18 through the pipeline. Zeolite and other adsorbents are arranged in the drainage ditch 8 to eliminate the water in the agricultural ditch 7 that exceeds the water quality standard.

[0074] A first water quality monitoring sensor 2 and a first water level sensor 3 are provided in the farmland 1. The first water quality monitoring sensor 2 is connected to the first controller 4, and the first water level sensor 3 is connected to the second controller 5. The farmland 1 uses a short pipe to drain water to the farm ditch 7. The short pipe is provided with a first valve 6. Similarly, the farmland is irrigated through the second valve 19. The first controller 4 is connected to the first valve 6 and the second valve 19, and the second controller 5 is connected to the first valve 6, the second gate 22 and the second valve 19.

[0075] The drainage in the agricultural ditch 7 converges into the drainage ditch 8 , in which a second water level sensor 9 and a second gate 11 are provided. The second water level sensor 9 , the cloud database 20 and the first gate 11 are respectively connected to the third controller 10 .

[0076] The detention pond 12 is provided with a third water level sensor 13, a second water quality sensor 21 and a water pump 15. The first water level sensor 3, the fourth water level sensor 13, the third valve 18, the second water quality sensor 21 and the water pump 15 are respectively connected to the fourth controller 14, and the third water level sensor 13 is connected to the cloud database 20.

[0077] The specific drainage scheduling process includes the following steps:

[0078] (1) When the water level detected by the first water level sensor 3 is higher than the set value of the farmland, the second controller 5 opens the first valve 6 and closes the second valve 19, and the water in the farmland 1 to be drained is discharged into the farm ditch 7, and then converges to the drainage ditch 8. When the first water level sensor 3 determines that the water level in the farmland drops to the set value of the farmland, the second controller 5 works to close the first valve 6 to stop drainage. When the first water quality monitoring sensor 2 detects that the water quality does not meet the standard, the first controller 4 opens the first valve 6 and closes the second valve 19, and the water in the farmland 1 to be drained is discharged into the farm ditch 7, and then converges to the drainage ditch 8. When the water level measured by the first water level sensor 3 is 0, the second controller 5 works to close the first valve 6 to stop drainage. At the same time, the second controller 5 opens the second valve 19 and the second gate 22 to replenish water to the farmland 1. When the water level measured by the first water level sensor 3 reaches the set value of the farmland, the second controller 5 closes the second valve 19 and the second gate 22. When the water level measured by the first water level sensor 3 is lower than the set value of the farmland, the second controller 5 closes the first valve 6 and opens the second valve 19 and the second gate 22 to replenish water to the farmland. When the water level measured by the first water level sensor 3 reaches the set value of the farmland, the second controller 5 closes the second valve 19 and the second gate 22.

[0079] (2) When the second water level sensor 9 detects that the water level is higher than the set upper limit, the third controller 10 opens the first gate 11 to discharge the water in the drainage ditch 8 into the detention pond 12. Specifically, if the second water level sensor 9 detects that the water level is lower than the set lower limit, the third controller 10 closes the first gate 11 to intercept the water body for water purification; if the cloud database 20 predicts through weather forecast data that the farmland drainage caused by rainfall will cause the water level in the drainage ditch 8 to be higher than the drainage ditch set value, the cloud database 20 calculates the required drainage ditch storage capacity △V including rainfall based on the current water storage capacity of the drainage ditch 8, and converts △V into the drainage ditch pre-drop control water level. The third controller 10 opens the first gate 11 to discharge the water in the drainage ditch 8 into the detention pond 12. When the second water level sensor 9 detects that the water level is lower than the drainage ditch pre-drop control water level, the third controller 10 closes the gate 11. At this time The priority of the drainage ditch pre-drop control water level by closing the first gate 11 is higher than the set lower limit value of the drainage ditch; if the cloud database 20 calculates that △V is greater than the maximum storage capacity V of the drainage ditch 8, the cloud database 20 calculates the required storage capacity △V' of the detention pond including rainfall based on the current water storage capacity of the detention pond 12, and converts △V' into the pre-drop control water level of the detention pond, the third controller 10 opens the first gate 11, the fourth controller 14 starts the water pump 15 and opens the third valve 18 to discharge the water in the detention pond 12 into the external river channel 16, and when the fourth water level sensor 13 detects that the water level of the detention pond 12 is lower than the pre-drop control water level of the detention pond, the fourth controller 14 closes the water pump 15 and the third valve 18.

[0080] (3) When the fourth water level sensor 13 detects that the water level of the detention pond 12 is higher than the set upper limit of the detention pond, the fourth controller 14 starts the water pump 15 and opens the third valve 18 to discharge the water in the detention pond 12 into the external river 16; when the first water level sensor 3 detects that the water level is 0 and the second water quality sensor 21 detects that the water quality meets the standard, the fourth controller 14 starts the water pump and opens the third valve 18 to introduce the water in the detention pond 12 into the ditches 17 for irrigation; when the water level measured by the first water level sensor 3 reaches the preset water level, the fourth controller 14 closes the water pump 15 and the third valve 18.

[0081] This embodiment takes into account the elimination of stagnation and the pre-rainfall drop in the water levels of ditches and ponds during the design process. It has the function of automatic irrigation and drainage while also reducing the discharge of farmland pollution loads, thereby alleviating the non-point source pollution caused by the discharge of farmland water in the water network area.

[0082] It should be noted that the above-mentioned farmland drainage scheduling system is not limited to the "field-ditch-pond" joint scheduling system, such as "field-ditch-riverway", "field-ditch", etc., and a joint scheduling system composed of multiple devices or buildings that can realize the stagnation and elimination of water bodies can also achieve the above purpose. The drainage ditch 8 and the retention pond 12 in this embodiment are not limited to a single drainage ditch and retention pond, and can be expanded to multiple levels of drainage ditches and retention ponds.

[0083] In practical applications, farmland 1 may be a rice field, and the area where the rice field is located is a rice-growing area, such as the rice-growing area in southern China. Figure 2 , the process of drainage scheduling in rice fields is described.

[0084] (1) Irrigation and drainage of rice fields: The first water level sensor 3 and the first water quality sensor 2 are used to monitor the water quality and water level of the flooded rice fields in real time. If the water quality does not meet the standard, the field surface is drained. After the water surface of the rice field is drained, the water pump 15 is used to pump water from the retention pond 12 for irrigation. If the water quality of the rice field is qualified, the first water level sensor 3 is used to observe the field surface water level. When the field surface water level is lower than the lower limit of the rice field flooding, irrigation is carried out. If the field surface water level is higher than the maximum water storage depth of the rice field due to rainfall, the field surface is drained.

[0085] (2) Ecological drainage ditch storage: The ecological drainage ditch receives drainage from the rice fields. The second water level sensor 9 is used to detect the water level of the ecological drainage ditch in real time. When the water level is higher than the upper limit, the ecological drainage ditch is drained. When the water level is lower than the lower limit, the water is intercepted and stored. The rainfall is predicted through the cloud database 20 to pre-lower the water level before the rain.

[0086] (3) Storage in the detention pond 12: The detention pond 12 receives water from the ecological drainage ditch. The detention pond 12 is provided with a third water level sensor 13 and a second water quality sensor 21 to detect the water level and water quality in the pond. If the water level reaches the upper limit of the water storage, the detention pond 12 is drained, and the rainfall is predicted by the cloud database 20 to pre-lower the water level before the rain. When it is necessary to pump water from the detention pond 12 for irrigation, the water quality of the detention pond 12 is first tested to see if it meets the standard, and then the water pump 15 is used to pump water for irrigation.

[0087] The above-mentioned drainage scheduling method based on the characteristics of the "field-ditch-pond" water network controls the amount of water discharged from rice fields and constructs a two-level ditch-pond storage and elimination system, thus solving the problem of the pollution load of rice fields being discharged with surface runoff during rainfall and drainage in the "field-ditch-pond" drainage system in the water network area.

[0088] Compared with the existing drainage scheduling system, the farmland drainage scheduling system of the above embodiment has the following advantages:

[0089] 1) Construct a "field-ditch-pond" joint dispatching system to store and eliminate farmland drainage and reduce the pollution load of farmland drainage.

[0090] At present, the research on water regulation and control of the "field-ditch-pond" drainage system generally remains at the unilateral effect of purifying water quality, and the water regulation and storage is mainly based on the study of the water balance process of rice fields, drainage ditches, and ponds. There is a lack of systematic research on the joint scheduling of the "field-ditch-pond" drainage system. In this embodiment, the drainage of farmland 1 first enters the drainage ditch 8 for initial stagnation and elimination. When the water storage capacity of the drainage ditch reaches the upper limit, the water enters the detention pond 12 for secondary stagnation and elimination, achieving the joint scheduling of the water body of the "field-ditch-pond" drainage system, greatly reducing the concentration of pollutants in the drainage of farmland.

[0091] 2) The water level is lowered in advance in combination with weather forecast data, thereby improving the interception and storage capacity of the drainage ditch 8 and the detention pond 12 for drainage outside the farmland.

[0092] At present, in the conventional drainage scenario of farmland, the ditch is not controlled by gates, and the water flowing into the drainage ditch will flow back into the next-level ditch, which can easily cause farmland pollutants to spread with the runoff and cause non-point source pollution. This embodiment improves the interception and storage capacity of the drainage ditch 8 and the detention pond 12 by adding gates and water pumps 15 to the drainage ditch 8 and the detention pond 12. When the water level of the drainage ditch 8 reaches the upper limit, it will flow into the detention pond 12; when the water level of the detention pond 12 reaches the upper limit, it will be discharged into the external river 16. At the same time, combined with weather forecast data, the gate switch and the water pump 15 can be controlled to pump water to pre-lower the water level, increase the pre-rain interception and storage capacity of the drainage ditch 8 and the detention pond 12, and improve the drainage interception ratio.

[0093] 3) Automatic irrigation and drainage system for farmland that takes into account the water quality and water level of the farmland.

[0094] Most of the existing automatic irrigation and drainage systems and devices for rice fields realize automatic irrigation and drainage based on water level identification and gate valve control. This embodiment not only takes into account the water level on the farmland surface, but also takes into account the water quality. By automatically monitoring the water quality and water level of the farmland, a programmable controller is used to control the opening and closing of each gate valve. In this embodiment, the water quality and water level are automatically monitored at the same time. If the water quality exceeds the standard, the sewage is automatically discharged; if the water quality does not exceed the standard, the automatic irrigation and drainage is carried out according to the farmland water level, achieving the purpose of real-time control of farmland water quality and water quantity.

[0095] 4) Zeolite and other adsorbents are added to the drainage ditch 8 and the retention pond 12 for water quality treatment, and water quality and water level sensors and control valves are used for automatic drainage control.

[0096] Zeolite is a silicate mineral with a unique pore structure, strong adsorption performance, catalytic activity, thermal stability and acid resistance. Zeolite bricks made of zeolite can improve the removal effect of microorganisms on ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus, and also have an adsorption effect on common pollutants, which can improve water quality. In this embodiment, zeolite is placed in the drainage ditch 8 to digest the untreated farmland drainage in the drainage ditch 8. At the same time, the water quality and the controller can realize the function of allowing pumping irrigation only when the water quality of the detention pond 12 meets the standard.

[0097] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application also provides a method for farmland drainage scheduling implemented by the farmland drainage scheduling system involved above. The implementation scheme for solving the problem provided by the method is similar to the implementation scheme recorded in the above system, so the specific limitations in one or more farmland drainage scheduling method embodiments provided below can refer to the limitations on the farmland drainage scheduling system above, and will not be repeated here.

[0098] In an exemplary embodiment, a farmland drainage scheduling method is provided. The farmland drainage scheduling method is used in the farmland drainage scheduling system of the above embodiment. The farmland drainage scheduling method includes:

[0099] (1) When the water level of the farmland 1 is higher than the set value of the farmland, the first valve 6 is controlled to open and the second valve 19 is closed, so that the water in the farmland 1 is discharged into the farm ditch 7 and then converges into the drainage ditch 8. When the water level of the farmland 1 drops to the set value of the farmland, the first valve 6 is controlled to close.

[0100] (2) When the water quality of farmland 1 is lower than the set water quality standard, the first valve 6 is controlled to open and the second valve 19 is closed, so that the water in farmland 1 is discharged into the farm ditch 7 and then converged into the drainage ditch 8. When the water level of farmland 1 is 0, the first valve 6 is controlled to close, and the second valve 19 and the second gate 22 are controlled to open at the same time to replenish water to farmland 1. When the water level of farmland 1 reaches the set value of the farmland, the second valve 19 and the second gate 22 are controlled to close.

[0101] (3) When the water level of farmland 1 is lower than the set value of the farmland, the first valve 6 is controlled to be closed and the second valve 19 and the second gate 22 are controlled to be opened at the same time to replenish water to farmland 1. When the water level of farmland 1 reaches the set value of the farmland, the second valve 19 and the second gate 22 are controlled to be closed.

[0102] (4) When the water level of the drainage ditch 8 is higher than the set upper limit of the drainage ditch, the first gate 11 is controlled to open to discharge the water in the drainage ditch 8 into the retention pond 12; when the water level of the drainage ditch 8 is lower than the set lower limit of the drainage ditch, the first gate 11 is controlled to close.

[0103] (5) When rainfall causes drainage of farmland 1 and causes the water level in drainage ditch 8 to be higher than the set value of the drainage ditch, the first gate 11 is controlled to open to discharge the water in drainage ditch 8 into the retention pond 12; and when the water level in drainage ditch 8 is lower than the pre-drainage control water level of the drainage ditch, the first gate 11 is controlled to close.

[0104] (5) If the storage capacity of the drainage ditch is greater than the maximum storage capacity of the drainage ditch 8, the first gate 11 is controlled to be opened, and the third valve 18 is controlled to be opened at the same time, so that the water in the detention pond 12 is discharged into the external river channel 16, and when the water level of the detention pond 12 is lower than the pre-drainage control water level of the detention pond, the third valve 18 is controlled to be closed.

[0105] (6) When the water level of the detention pond 12 is higher than the set upper limit of the detention pond, the third valve 18 is controlled to open to discharge the water in the detention pond 12 into the external river channel 16.

[0106] (7) When the water level of the farmland 1 is 0 and the water quality in the detention pond 12 reaches the set water quality standard, the third valve 18 is controlled to open, and the water in the detention pond 12 is introduced into the ditches 17 for irrigation. When the water level of the farmland 1 reaches the set value of the farmland, the third valve 18 is controlled to close.

[0107] Among them, the method for determining the pre-drop control water level of the drainage ditch and the pre-drop control water level of the detention pond includes:

[0108] Weather forecast data is used to predict whether rainfall will cause drainage of farmland 1, resulting in the water level in drainage ditch 8 being higher than the drainage ditch set value.

[0109] If so, the required drainage ditch storage capacity including rainfall is calculated based on the existing water storage capacity of the current drainage ditch 8, and the drainage ditch pre-drainage control water level is determined based on the drainage ditch storage capacity.

[0110] If the drainage ditch storage capacity is greater than the maximum storage capacity of the drainage ditch 8, the required storage capacity of the detention pond including rainfall is calculated according to the existing water storage capacity of the detention pond 12, and the detention pond pre-drainage control water level is determined according to the storage capacity of the detention pond.

[0111] This application relies on automatic field inlets and drainage outlets, smart gates, and automatically regulates the water levels of ditches and ponds. Combined with numerical weather forecast information, it adjusts the storage capacity of ditches and ponds, regulates drainage, and realizes field-ditch-pond linkage. It gives full play to the storage and pollutant elimination functions of ecological ditches and ecological ponds, weakens the discharge of farmland pollution loads, and alleviates non-point source pollution caused by the discharge of rice field water.

[0112] The present application can also improve the integrity of the farmland ecological environment. Specifically, through the drainage scheduling scheme, the water level of the drainage ditch is often maintained at a high level, which improves the phenomenon of the integrity of the farmland ecological environment being destroyed due to the construction of the drainage ditch to a certain extent, and also avoids the problem of small farmland animals falling into the drainage ditch and being unable to escape.

[0113] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0114] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting this application.

Claims

1. A farmland drainage scheduling system, characterized in that: The farmland drainage scheduling system is used for the farmland drainage system; the farmland drainage system includes: farmland, farm ditch, drainage ditch, retention pond, external river, ditches and farm ditch; the farmland drainage scheduling system includes: a first controller, a second controller, a third controller, a fourth controller, a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, a first gate, a second gate and a cloud database; The farmland is connected to the farm channel through the first valve; the farm ditch is connected to the drainage ditch; the farm channel is connected to the farmland through the second valve; the drainage ditch is connected to the detention pond through the first gate; the ditch and the farm channel are connected through the second gate; the outlet of the detention pond, the inlet of the ditch and the inlet of the external river are connected through the third valve; the first controller is connected to the first valve and the second valve respectively; the second controller is connected to the first valve, the second valve and the second gate respectively; the third controller is connected to the first gate and the cloud database respectively; the fourth controller is connected to the third valve; The cloud database is used to use weather forecast data to predict whether rainfall will cause farmland drainage and cause the water level in the drainage ditch to be higher than the drainage ditch set value, and when it is higher than the drainage ditch set value, calculate the required drainage ditch storage capacity including rainfall according to the existing water storage capacity of the current drainage ditch, and determine the drainage ditch pre-drop control water level according to the drainage ditch storage capacity; The cloud database is also used to calculate the required storage capacity of the detention pond including rainfall according to the existing water storage of the current detention pond if the storage capacity of the drainage ditch is greater than the maximum storage capacity of the drainage ditch, and determine the pre-drainage control water level of the detention pond according to the storage capacity of the detention pond; When the water level of the farmland is higher than the farmland set value, the second controller is used to control the first valve to open and the second valve to close, so that the water in the farmland is discharged into the farm ditch and then converged into the drainage ditch, and when the water level of the farmland drops to the farmland set value, the first valve is controlled to close; When the water quality of the farmland is lower than the set water quality standard, the first controller is used to control the first valve to open and the second valve to close, so that the water in the farmland is discharged into the farm ditch and then converged into the drainage ditch. When the water level of the farmland is 0, the second controller is used to control the first valve to close, and at the same time control the second valve and the second gate to open, so as to replenish water to the farmland. When the water level of the farmland reaches the set value of the farmland, the second valve and the second gate are controlled to close. When the water level of the farmland is lower than the farmland set value, the second controller is used to control the first valve to close and simultaneously control the second valve and the second gate to open, so as to replenish water to the farmland; when the water level of the farmland reaches the farmland set value, the second controller is used to control the second valve and the second gate to close; When the water level of the drainage ditch is higher than the upper limit value set for the drainage ditch, the third controller is used to control the first gate to open, so as to discharge the water in the drainage ditch into the detention pond; when the water level of the drainage ditch is lower than the lower limit value set for the drainage ditch, the third controller is used to control the first gate to close; When rainfall causes drainage of farmland and causes the water level in the drainage ditch to be higher than the set value of the drainage ditch, the third controller is used to control the first gate to open, discharge the water in the drainage ditch into the detention pond, and when the water level in the drainage ditch is lower than the pre-drainage control water level of the drainage ditch, control the first gate to close; If the storage capacity of the drainage ditch is greater than the maximum storage capacity of the drainage ditch, the third controller is used to control the first gate to open, and the fourth controller is used to control the third valve to open, so as to discharge the water in the detention pond into the external river channel, and when the water level of the detention pond is lower than the pre-drop control water level of the detention pond, the third valve is controlled to close; When the water level of the detention pond is higher than the set upper limit of the detention pond, the fourth controller controls the third valve to open, so as to discharge the water in the detention pond into the external river channel; When the water level of the farmland is 0 and the water quality in the detention pond reaches the set water quality standard, the fourth controller is used to control the third valve to open, introduce the water in the detention pond into the ditches for irrigation, and when the water level of the farmland reaches the set value of the farmland, control the third valve to close.

2. The farmland drainage scheduling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The farmland drainage scheduling system also includes: a first water quality sensor and a first water level sensor arranged in the farmland; the first water quality sensor is connected to the first controller; the first water level sensor is respectively connected to the second controller and the fourth controller; the first water quality sensor is used to detect the water quality of the farmland; the first water level sensor is used to detect the water level of the farmland.

3. The farmland drainage scheduling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The farmland drainage scheduling system also includes: a second water level sensor arranged in the drainage ditch; the second water level sensor is connected to the third controller; the second water level sensor is used to detect the water level of the drainage ditch.

4. The farmland drainage scheduling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The farmland drainage scheduling system also includes: a third water level sensor and a second water quality sensor arranged in the detention pond; the third water level sensor is connected to the fourth controller and the cloud database respectively; the second water quality sensor is connected to the fourth controller; the third water level sensor is used to detect the water level of the detention pond; the second water quality sensor is used to detect the water quality of the detention pond.

5. The farmland drainage scheduling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The farmland drainage scheduling system also includes: a water pump; the water pump is arranged between the water outlet of the detention pond and the third valve; the water pump is connected to the fourth controller.

6. The farmland drainage scheduling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Adsorbents are added to the drainage ditch and the retention pond.

7. The farmland drainage scheduling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first valve and the second valve are both solenoid valves; the third valve is a three-way solenoid valve.

8. The farmland drainage scheduling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first gate and the second gate are both electric gates.

9. The farmland drainage scheduling system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adsorbent is zeolite.

10. A method for dispatching farmland drainage, characterized in that: The farmland drainage scheduling method is used in the farmland drainage scheduling system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the farmland drainage scheduling method comprises: When the water level of the farmland is higher than the set value of the farmland, the first valve is controlled to open and the second valve is closed, so that the water in the farmland is discharged into the farm ditch and then converged into the drainage ditch; and when the water level of the farmland drops to the set value of the farmland, the first valve is controlled to close; When the water quality of the farmland is lower than the set water quality standard, the first valve is controlled to be opened and the second valve is controlled to be closed, so that the water in the farmland is discharged into the farm ditch and then converged into the drainage ditch; when the water level of the farmland is 0, the first valve is controlled to be closed, and the second valve and the second gate are controlled to be opened at the same time to replenish water to the farmland; when the water level of the farmland reaches the set value of the farmland, the second valve and the second gate are controlled to be closed; When the water level of the farmland is lower than the farmland set value, the first valve is controlled to be closed and the second valve and the second gate are controlled to be opened at the same time to replenish water to the farmland; when the water level of the farmland reaches the farmland set value, the second valve and the second gate are controlled to be closed; When the water level of the drainage ditch is higher than the upper limit value set for the drainage ditch, the first gate is controlled to open to discharge the water in the drainage ditch into the detention pond; when the water level of the drainage ditch is lower than the lower limit value set for the drainage ditch, the first gate is controlled to close; When rainfall causes drainage of farmland and causes the water level in the drainage ditch to be higher than the set value of the drainage ditch, the first gate is controlled to be opened to discharge the water in the drainage ditch into the detention pond, and when the water level in the drainage ditch is lower than the pre-drainage control water level of the drainage ditch, the first gate is controlled to be closed; If the storage capacity of the drainage ditch is greater than the maximum storage capacity of the drainage ditch, the first gate is controlled to be opened, and the third valve is controlled to be opened at the same time, so that the water in the detention pond is discharged into the outer river channel, and when the water level of the detention pond is lower than the pre-drop control water level of the detention pond, the third valve is controlled to be closed; When the water level of the detention pond is higher than the set upper limit of the detention pond, the third valve is controlled to open to discharge the water in the detention pond into the external river channel; When the water level of the farmland is 0 and the water quality in the detention pond reaches the set water quality standard, the third valve is controlled to open, and the water in the detention pond is introduced into the ditches for irrigation; and when the water level of the farmland reaches the set value of the farmland, the third valve is controlled to close; Wherein, the method for determining the pre-drop control water level of the drainage ditch and the pre-drop control water level of the detention pond includes: Using weather forecast data to predict whether rainfall will cause drainage of farmland resulting in the water level in the drainage ditch being higher than the set value of the drainage ditch; If yes, the required drainage ditch storage capacity including rainfall is calculated according to the existing water storage capacity of the current drainage ditch, and the drainage ditch pre-drop control water level is determined according to the drainage ditch storage capacity; If the storage capacity of the drainage ditch is greater than the maximum storage capacity of the drainage ditch, the required storage capacity of the detention pond including rainfall is calculated according to the existing water storage capacity of the detention pond, and the pre-drainage control water level of the detention pond is determined according to the storage capacity of the detention pond.

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