Engineering project management method and system based on budget execution condition

Abstract

The invention provides an engineering project management method and system based on a budget execution condition, and relates to the field of engineering project management. The method comprises the steps of firstly obtaining engineering project data, compiling a target project budget according to the engineering project data, and establishing a budget execution ledger; in a project implementation process, actual budget execution data are recorded to form an actual budget execution ledger, and the actual budget execution ledger is compared with the budget execution ledger to obtain actual deviation data. The method comprises the following steps of: determining a finished project amount, a finished project cost and an unfinished project amount at the same time, measuring and calculating a prediction budget execution ledger of the unfinished project amount in combination with a human price trend, a raw material price trend, required human data, a project period, raw material data and the like, and comparing the prediction budget execution ledger with the budget execution ledger to obtain prediction deviation data. On the basis, actual deviation and predicted deviation data are comprehensively analyzed, a comprehensive deviation reason is judged, and a deviation correction scheme is formed according to the comprehensive deviation reason. According to the scheme, the timeliness of project management deviation correction is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of engineering project management, and in particular to an engineering project management method and system based on budget execution status. Background Art

[0002] Project management is a complex system engineering, involving many elements such as engineering design, construction, materials, and manpower. In order to effectively control the cost of the project and ensure that the project is completed on time and with high quality, it is necessary to carry out refined management of the project. At present, the project management generally adopts a model that combines budget preparation with execution control.

[0003] Specifically, before the start of the project, a project budget is prepared based on the design plan, bill of quantities, etc. as a benchmark for cost control. During the project implementation, the actual costs of labor, materials, machinery, etc. are tracked and collected, and regularly compared with the budget, cost deviations are calculated, the causes of deviations are analyzed, and corresponding corrective measures are taken to achieve the purpose of dynamic cost control.

[0004] However, traditional engineering project management methods still have certain limitations. First, deviation analysis often lags behind the progress of the project, making it difficult to provide early warning and timely correction. Project managers usually can only carry out deviation calculation and cause analysis after collecting a certain amount of actual cost data. At this time, the project has often been underway for some time, missing the best time to correct the deviation. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides an engineering project management method and system based on budget execution status, so as to improve the timeliness of project management correction.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for project management based on budget execution, the method comprising: Obtain engineering project information, and prepare project budget estimates based on the engineering project information to obtain the target project budget estimates; Establish budget execution records based on the target project budget; When the project is being executed, the actual budget execution data is recorded to obtain the actual budget execution ledger, and the actual budget execution ledger is compared with the budget execution ledger to obtain the actual deviation data; According to the actual budget execution ledger and the budget execution ledger, determine the completed engineering quantity, the engineering cost of the completed engineering quantity and the unfinished engineering quantity of the current project, and determine the manpower data, engineering cycle and raw material data required for the unfinished engineering quantity based on the unfinished engineering quantity and the budget execution ledger; Obtain the labor price trend curve and raw material price trend curve, and determine the forecast and budget execution ledger of the unfinished project volume based on the labor price trend curve, raw material price trend curve, required labor data, project cycle and raw material data; Compare the forecast budget execution ledger with the budget execution ledger to obtain forecast deviation data; Perform data analysis on actual deviation data and predicted deviation data, determine the comprehensive deviation causes, and generate correction plans based on the comprehensive deviation causes.

[0007] In the above technical solution, by dynamically tracking the execution of the budget estimate, real-time monitoring and early warning of project cost deviations are achieved, effectively improving the timeliness of correction.

[0008] Specifically, during the project execution process, this method records the actual budget execution data to obtain the actual budget execution ledger, and compares the actual budget execution ledger with the pre-established budget execution ledger to promptly discover the deviation between the actual execution and the plan. Compared with the traditional method, this method does not need to wait for the accumulation of a large amount of actual cost data, but through real-time comparison, it can discover abnormal deviations at the first time, sounding the early warning alarm for project managers.

[0009] At the same time, this method also determines the current completed engineering volume, the engineering cost of the completed engineering volume, and the unfinished engineering volume based on the actual budget execution ledger and the budget execution ledger, and predicts the cost of the unfinished engineering volume in combination with factors such as labor and raw material price trends to obtain the predicted budget execution ledger. By comparing the predicted budget execution ledger with the budget execution ledger, possible cost risks in the future can be identified in advance, providing forward-looking decision-making references for project managers.

[0010] After the deviation is found, this method conducts a comprehensive analysis of the actual deviation data and the predicted deviation data, uses big data technology to deeply explore the causes of the deviation, and formulates targeted correction measures accordingly. Compared with traditional methods, this method starts the correction process as soon as the problem is discovered. Through data analysis and scenario prediction, timely actions are taken before the deviation expands, which controls the spread of the deviation to the greatest extent and avoids the passive situation of missing the best correction opportunity.

[0011] In a second aspect of the present application, a project management system based on budget execution is provided, the system comprising: The project budget preparation module is used to obtain project data and prepare the project budget according to the project data to obtain the target project budget; The execution account establishment module is used to establish the budget execution account based on the target project budget; The actual deviation comparison module is used to record the actual budget execution data during the execution of the project, obtain the actual budget execution ledger, and compare the actual budget execution ledger with the budget execution ledger to obtain the actual deviation data; The module for determining the unfinished project quantity is used to determine the completed project quantity, the project cost of the completed project quantity and the unfinished project quantity of the current project based on the actual budget execution ledger and the budget execution ledger, and to determine the manpower data, project cycle and raw material data required for the unfinished project quantity based on the unfinished project quantity and the budget execution ledger; The forecast and budget execution ledger determination module is used to obtain the labor price trend curve and the raw material price trend curve, and determine the forecast and budget execution ledger of the unfinished engineering quantity based on the labor price trend curve, the raw material price trend curve, the required manpower data, the engineering cycle and the raw material data; The forecast deviation comparison module is used to compare the forecast budget execution ledger with the budget execution ledger to obtain the forecast deviation data; The correction scheme generation module is used to perform data analysis on actual deviation data and predicted deviation data, determine the comprehensive deviation causes, and generate a correction scheme based on the comprehensive deviation causes.

[0012] In a third aspect of the present application, a computer storage medium is provided, wherein the computer storage medium stores a plurality of instructions, and the instructions are suitable for being loaded by a processor and executing the above method steps.

[0013] In the fourth aspect of the present application, an electronic device is provided, including a processor, a memory, a user interface and a network interface, the memory is used to store instructions, the user interface and the network interface are used to communicate with other devices, and the processor is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory so that the electronic device executes the above method.

[0014] In summary, one or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: 1. After the deviation is found, this method conducts a comprehensive analysis of the actual deviation data and the predicted deviation data, uses big data technology to deeply explore the causes of the deviation, and formulates targeted correction measures accordingly. Compared with traditional methods, this method starts the correction process as soon as the problem is found. Through data analysis and scenario prediction, timely action is taken before the deviation expands, which controls the spread of the deviation to the greatest extent and avoids the passive situation of missing the best time for correction.

[0015] 2. This application determines the current completed project volume, the project cost of the completed project volume, and the unfinished project volume based on the actual budget execution ledger and the budget execution ledger, and predicts the cost of the unfinished project volume in combination with factors such as labor and raw material price trends to obtain the predicted budget execution ledger. By comparing the predicted budget execution ledger with the budget execution ledger, it is possible to identify possible cost risks in the future in advance and provide forward-looking decision-making references for project managers.

[0016] 3. This application records the actual budget execution data, obtains the actual budget execution ledger, and compares the actual budget execution ledger with the pre-established budget execution ledger to promptly discover the deviation between the actual execution and the plan. Compared with the traditional method, this method does not need to wait for the accumulation of a large amount of actual cost data, but through real-time comparison, it can find abnormal deviations at the first time, sounding the alarm for project managers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A flowchart of a project management method based on budget execution provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 An architectural diagram of an engineering project management system based on budget execution provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to enable technicians in this field to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments.

[0019] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, words such as "for example" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "for example" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "for example" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way.

[0020] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of the term "multiple" refers to two or more. For example, multiple systems refer to two or more systems, and multiple screen terminals refer to two or more screen terminals. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. The terms "include", "comprise", "have" and their variations all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0021] In order to facilitate understanding of the method and system provided by the embodiments of the present application, before introducing the embodiments of the present application, the background of the embodiments of the present application is first introduced.

[0022] With the continuous development of the economy and society, the number of engineering projects is increasing, the scale is expanding, the construction period is extending, and the professional fields involved are becoming more and more extensive. In this context, how to reasonably allocate project resources, strictly control engineering costs, and ensure project quality and progress through scientific and effective management methods has become an important issue in the field of modern engineering management.

[0023] As a complex system engineering, engineering project management covers all aspects of the entire life cycle of the project. Among them, engineering design is the starting point of project management, which directly affects the feasibility and economy of subsequent construction; construction organization management is the core of project management, which is related to whether the project can be completed on time and with quality; material and equipment management is the key to project cost control and has a direct impact on the project cost; human resource management is the basis for ensuring the smooth implementation of the project, which is related to the execution and cohesion of the team. Therefore, only by systematically planning and finely controlling each management element can the comprehensive goal of the project be achieved.

[0024] At present, the combination of budget preparation and execution control is widely adopted in the practice of engineering project management at home and abroad. Before the project starts, the management team will prepare a complete project budget based on the design plan, bill of quantities, quota standards, etc., clarify various costs and expenses, and provide a benchmark and basis for project cost control. During the project implementation stage, by establishing a ledger, dynamically record the actual cost data of labor, materials, machinery, management, etc., and regularly compare them with the budget, calculate the actual deviation of each cost, deeply analyze the reasons for the deviation, and take targeted corrective measures in a timely manner to achieve dynamic control and control, and control costs within a reasonable range.

[0025] However, in actual application, the traditional project management method still has some shortcomings, which restricts the full play of management efficiency. A prominent problem is that due to the lag in actual data collection, deviation analysis and correction are often difficult to synchronize with the progress of the project. Project managers need to spend a lot of time and energy to collect, organize, and enter various original vouchers and ledger data. Only after the data accumulates to a certain amount can they start deviation measurement and cause analysis. At this time, the project has often been carried out for a period of time, and some deviations have become facts. The best time for correction has been missed, leaving hidden dangers for subsequent management. How to shorten the time difference between deviation discovery and response, and improve the timeliness and effectiveness of correction has become a difficult problem that engineering project management urgently needs to break through.

[0026] After the background introduction of the above content, those skilled in the art can understand the problems existing in the prior art. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments.

[0027] Based on the above background technology, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for managing a project based on budget execution provided in an embodiment of the present application. The system can be implemented by a computer program or can be run as an independent tool application. Specifically, in an embodiment of the present application, the method can be applied on a server, but can also be applied to electronic devices such as servers. A method for managing a project based on budget execution includes the following steps: S101, obtaining engineering project data, and preparing a project budget according to the engineering project data to obtain a target project budget; Specifically, the project management team will comprehensively collect all kinds of information related to the project, including but not limited to project proposals, feasibility study reports, preliminary design documents, construction drawings, bills of quantities, material and equipment selection plans, etc. The project proposal contains the necessity and feasibility analysis of the project, which is an important basis for subsequent work; the feasibility study report further demonstrates the technical and economic feasibility of the project and proposes a preliminary implementation plan; the preliminary design document clarifies the construction scale, technical route and investment estimate of the project; the construction drawings express in detail the geometric dimensions, spatial location, material practices, etc. of the engineering entity; the bill of quantities systematically counts the measurement units and workload of each sub-project; the material and equipment selection plan explains the specifications, models, quantities, prices, etc. of the main materials and equipment. The project management team will carefully study and analyze these materials and accurately extract key information and data related to cost management.

[0028] On the basis of data collection and analysis, project cost management personnel will strictly follow the relevant specifications and requirements for budget preparation, select appropriate quota standards, and scientifically calculate the total investment of the project. Usually, methods such as investment estimation index method, budget quota index method, and similar project comparison method are used to calculate the costs of various sub-items in detail. In terms of labor costs, the total labor costs are calculated based on the engineering volume and quota labor consumption, combined with the local employee wage level; in terms of material costs, the total material input is calculated based on the design usage and material prices; the machinery use fee is determined by referring to the construction plan and the unit price of the machinery; in addition, the site management fee, enterprise management fee, and financial expenses need to be calculated. After the calculation of various expenses is completed, the project cost management personnel will summarize and balance them, and finally get the target project budget.

[0029] Based on the above embodiment, as an optional embodiment, a project budget is prepared according to the engineering project data to obtain a target project budget, including: S201, determining the bill of quantities according to the engineering project data, and obtaining the engineering costs of each part according to the bill of quantities, the preset price estimate base date and the preset price charging standard; Specifically, the project cost management personnel will carefully sort out the project data, especially the construction drawings and design instructions, and comprehensively identify the unit projects, sub-projects and sub-projects included in the project, and on this basis compile a complete bill of quantities. The bill of quantities is in the form of a table, classifying the project quantities according to different specialties such as architecture, structure, water supply and drainage, electricity, fire protection, etc., and clarifying their measurement units and work quantities. The project quantity data in the bill of quantities is usually calculated manually based on the drawings or extracted using pricing software.

[0030] After determining the bill of quantities, the project cost management personnel will select the appropriate estimated price base date and price charging standard to calculate the cost of the sub-items. The estimated price base date is the time base point for determining the unit price of labor, materials, and machinery shifts. Usually, a date close to the start of the project is selected to ensure the rationality and accuracy of the price. The price charging standard is the basis for calculating the cost of sub-items, mainly including the estimated quota, cost quota, charging standard, etc. The project cost management personnel will select the price charging standard that matches the price index published by the Engineering Cost Management Center according to the relevant regulations of the region where the project is located.

[0031] After the bill of quantities, price benchmark and charging standards are determined, the project cost management personnel will refer to the standard sub-item table, match the workload in the bill of quantities with the standard labor, material and machinery consumption, and obtain the labor-days, material quantity and machine-shift number, and then multiply them by the corresponding labor unit price, material unit price and machine-shift unit price, and calculate the labor cost, material cost and machinery cost accordingly. The sum of these three costs is the cost of the detailed project.

[0032] S202, calculate the cost of the measures project according to the construction plan in the project data and the actual situation on site; Specifically, the project cost management personnel will carefully study the construction organization design documents and analyze the special measures involved in the construction plan, such as temporary works, safe and civilized construction, nighttime construction, and construction in the winter and rainy season. At the same time, the project cost management personnel will also conduct on-site inspections of the construction site to understand the geographical location, natural environment, and traffic conditions of the project, and assess the difficulties and influencing factors that may be encountered during the construction process. On the basis of fully understanding the construction plan and the actual situation on site, the project cost management personnel will use professional pricing knowledge and experience to calculate the costs of various measures.

[0033] S203, determine the budget estimate of the target project based on the measures and the costs of the sub-items of the project.

[0034] Specifically, the project cost management personnel will add up the previously calculated sub-item engineering costs and measures project costs to obtain the total direct cost of the project. On this basis, the project cost management personnel also need to calculate various indirect costs and other related costs based on the specific circumstances of the project. Among them, indirect costs mainly include fees, management fees and profits, while other related costs may involve construction unit management fees, pre-work fees, risk funds, policy adjustment fees, etc. The project cost management personnel will follow the billing base and rate standards stipulated in the relevant documents, and refer to the characteristics and actual needs of the project to calculate these cost items one by one.

[0035] S102, establishing a budget execution account based on the target project budget; Specifically, the project cost management personnel will use the target project budget as the basis, and use financial management software or a special budget management system to build a standardized and complete budget execution ledger. First, the project cost management personnel will enter the key data of the target project budget in the ledger, including the name, characteristic description, unit of measurement, project quantity, comprehensive unit price, total price, etc. of the sub-projects, as well as the cost items, calculation bases, rates, amounts, etc. of the measures project fees, indirect costs, and other project fees. At the same time, it is also necessary to refine the cost accounting account settings of the project in the ledger, and clarify the collection method and management responsibility of each expense.

[0036] After the basic data of the ledger is entered, the project cost management personnel will also reasonably set the time nodes and quota control lines for the execution of the budget according to the fund use plan, and clarify the cost control targets expected to be achieved at each stage. During the implementation of the project, the project cost management personnel will regularly or irregularly collect and organize the actual data of various cost expenses, including direct costs such as labor costs, material costs, machinery costs, subcontracting costs, and indirect costs such as fees, management fees, and profits. These data can be collected through channels such as accounting systems, material management systems, and machine shift statistics, or they can be counted through specially designed cost reports. The project cost management personnel will compare the actual data with the corresponding budget data in the ledger, calculate and record the deviation, including the absolute amount and relative proportion of the deviation. For deviations exceeding a certain range, the project cost management personnel will promptly warn, analyze the reasons, evaluate their impact on the overall cost target, and propose corresponding corrective measures. When the engineering design changes or the construction conditions change significantly, the project cost management personnel must also dynamically adjust the budget execution ledger, revise the budget data, and ensure the continued effectiveness of cost accounting and deviation analysis.

[0037] Based on the above embodiment, as an optional embodiment, a project budget is prepared according to the engineering project data to obtain a target project budget, including: S301, determining the bill of quantities according to the engineering project data, and obtaining the engineering costs of each part according to the bill of quantities, the preset price estimate base date and the preset price charging standard; Specifically, the project cost management personnel will carefully review the project data, especially the construction drawings and design instructions, comprehensively sort out the scope of the project construction, and identify the unit projects, sub-projects and sub-projects of different specialties and parts included in the project. On this basis, the project cost management personnel will further refine the specific work content included in each sub-project, clarify its measurement rules and work quantity, and compile a complete and detailed bill of quantities. The bill of quantities is usually in the form of a table, with list code, project name, project characteristics, measurement unit, engineering quantity and other elements. Among them, the engineering quantity data is generally obtained through conventional measurement of construction drawings or with the help of the engineering quantity extraction function of the pricing software.

[0038] After the preparation of the bill of quantities is completed, the project cost management personnel will select the appropriate estimated price base date and price charging standard based on the current pricing basis of the project location, including quotas, cost standards, charging documents, etc., and calculate the costs of each part of the project in the bill of quantities. The estimated price base date is the time point for determining the prices of labor, materials, machinery and other factors. Usually, the month or quarter close to the start of the project is selected to ensure the pertinence and timeliness of the price data. The price charging standard is the direct basis for calculating the cost of each part of the project, mainly including the labor budget unit price, material budget price, construction machinery unit price, and related charging items and rate standards.

[0039] After the price base date and charging standards are determined, the project cost management personnel will refer to the budget quota, match the work content of each sub-item in the bill of quantities with the quota sub-items one by one, calculate the man-days, material quantity and machine shifts, and then multiply them by the corresponding element unit price to calculate the labor cost, material cost and machine cost. For some new processes and new materials not included in the quota, the project cost management personnel must also reasonably determine their comprehensive unit price through market inquiries and other methods. After the labor cost, material cost and machine cost of the sub-item are all calculated, they are added up to get the cost of the sub-item.

[0040] S302, calculating the cost of the measures project according to the construction plan in the project data and the actual situation on site; Specifically, the project cost management personnel will carefully study the construction organization design documents and analyze the special construction measures involved in the construction plan, such as temporary facility construction, safe and civilized construction, nighttime construction, and construction in the winter and rainy season. At the same time, the project cost management personnel will also conduct on-site inspections of the construction site to understand the project's geographical location, natural conditions, traffic conditions, etc., and evaluate various environmental and social factors that may affect the construction. On the premise of fully understanding the key points of the construction plan and the actual situation on site, the project cost management personnel will use professional pricing knowledge and practical experience to calculate the costs of various measures.

[0041] S303, determine the target project budget based on the measures and the costs of the sub-items.

[0042] Specifically, the project cost management personnel will add up the previously calculated sub-item engineering costs and measures project costs to obtain the total direct cost of the project. On this basis, the project cost management personnel also need to calculate various indirect costs and other related costs based on the specific circumstances of the project. Among them, indirect costs mainly include fees, management fees and profits, while other related costs may involve construction unit management fees, pre-work fees, risk funds, policy adjustment fees, etc. The project cost management personnel will follow the billing base and rate standards stipulated in the relevant documents, and refer to the characteristics and actual needs of the project to calculate these cost items one by one.

[0043] S103, when the engineering project is executed, the actual budget execution data is recorded to obtain the actual budget execution ledger, and the actual budget execution ledger is compared with the budget execution ledger to obtain actual deviation data; Specifically, project cost management personnel will establish a standardized cost accounting system and data collection mechanism, clarify the collection objects, collection methods and audit processes of various cost expenses, and make full use of information technology to improve the timeliness and accuracy of data collection. During the implementation of the project, project cost management personnel will regularly or irregularly collect the actual data of various cost expenses, such as direct costs such as labor costs, material costs, machinery costs, subcontracting costs, and indirect costs such as fees, management fees, and profits. These data can be collected through various channels, such as accounting vouchers, material in and out of the warehouse documents, equipment shift records, labor personnel attendance sheets, subcontract settlement sheets, etc. Project cost management personnel will summarize, classify, and collect the collected original data, and prepare detailed data tables that meet the requirements of cost accounting.

[0044] After completing the collection of original data and the preparation of detailed data, the project cost management personnel will record these data in the actual budget execution ledger according to the dimensions of cost accounting subjects, work breakdown structure, etc., to form a database that reflects the actual cost dynamics of the project. The actual budget execution ledger is usually consistent with the budget execution ledger compiled in the previous period in format and content, so as to conduct comparative analysis of the same caliber. Project cost management personnel will regularly compare the budget execution data with the actual execution data in the same accounting period, calculate the actual deviation amount of each cost and generate a deviation analysis report. Deviation analysis should not only reveal the absolute value of each deviation, but also calculate its deviation percentage relative to the budget amount to comprehensively assess the severity of the deviation.

[0045] S104, determining the completed engineering quantity, the engineering cost of the completed engineering quantity and the unfinished engineering quantity of the current project according to the actual budget execution ledger and the budget execution ledger, and determining the manpower data, engineering cycle and raw material data required for the unfinished engineering quantity according to the unfinished engineering quantity and the budget execution ledger; Specifically, the project cost management personnel will carefully sort out the various cost and expense data collected in the actual budget execution ledger, and identify the direct cost details such as labor costs, material costs, and machinery costs corresponding to the completed engineering volume. At the same time, the project cost management personnel will refer to the cost-volume correspondence in the budget execution ledger to calculate the value of the completed engineering volume, that is, the engineering cost of the completed engineering volume. After calculating the completed engineering volume and engineering cost, the project cost management personnel will compare it with the project's target total engineering volume and the estimated total cost, thereby determining the physical quantity and value of the unfinished engineering volume. This process is essentially a comprehensive "inventory" of the "completed" and "unfinished" status of the project based on the dynamic data reflected in the actual budget execution ledger and the budget execution ledger.

[0046] After clarifying "completed" and "unfinished", the project cost management personnel will focus on the subsequent implementation of the project, take the unfinished project volume as the measurement object, and analyze the manpower, construction period, materials and other resources that need to be invested to complete the project. The project cost management personnel will compare the quota indicators in the budget execution ledger, multiply the unfinished project volume by the budget quota, and obtain the man-days required for the unfinished project volume; at the same time, the project cost management personnel will refer to the construction schedule and the existing output efficiency to calculate the construction period required to complete the remaining project volume; in addition, the project cost management personnel will also verify the raw material demand for the unfinished project volume based on the material consumption quota, combined with the engineering design drawings and technical standards. In this process, project cost management personnel usually use information technology such as BIM and big data analysis to improve the accuracy and efficiency of measurement.

[0047] Based on the above embodiment, as an optional embodiment, the manpower data, engineering cycle and raw material data required for the unfinished engineering quantity are determined according to the unfinished engineering quantity and the budget execution ledger, including: Match the unfinished project volume with the budget execution ledger to determine the manpower data, project cycle and raw material data required for the unfinished project volume.

[0048] Specifically, the project cost management personnel will make full use of the various data accumulated in the early construction process to systematically sort out the human resources input, construction period, material consumption, etc. of the completed project volume, and form a phased cost reference benchmark in the budget execution ledger. Subsequently, the project cost management personnel will scientifically decompose the project and divide the unfinished project volume into several measurable construction operations according to the design drawings, construction plans, schedules, etc. On this basis, the project cost management personnel will use methods such as analogical inference to map and compare each construction operation in the unfinished project volume with the completed project volume in the budget execution ledger one by one, find the most similar reference objects in terms of construction scale, technical process, management level, etc., and determine the man-day quota, duration, material consumption and other data of each operation. Taking into account the influence of factors such as changes in project implementation conditions, the project cost management personnel will also make appropriate adjustments and improvements based on the reference data, in order to maximize the closeness to the actual subsequent construction. Finally, by summarizing the data of various operations, the project cost management personnel can determine the human resources data, engineering cycle, and raw material data required for the unfinished project volume as a whole.

[0049] S105, obtaining a labor price trend curve and a raw material price trend curve, and determining a forecast and budget execution account of unfinished engineering quantities based on the labor price trend curve, the raw material price trend curve, the required manpower data, the engineering cycle and the raw material data; Specifically, project cost management personnel will make full use of big data analysis technology to widely collect price information from the labor market and raw material market. On the one hand, project cost management personnel will collect data such as labor wage standards, social security payment levels, labor subcontracting quotations, etc. in the project location and surrounding areas, objectively analyze the current labor cost situation, accurately grasp the general trend of labor price changes in the future period, and draw a labor price trend curve; on the other hand, project cost management personnel will consult the raw material price index released by authoritative institutions, collect quotations from major raw material suppliers, track the market conditions of key production factors, and analyze the phased characteristics and changing laws of raw material prices based on this, and draw a raw material price trend curve. After obtaining the price trend curve, the project cost management personnel will combine it with the required human data, engineering cycle, and raw material data predicted in the previous period, calculate the labor cost and material cost required to complete the unfinished project under the price change trend, and then calculate the corresponding machinery costs, etc., and finally compile a forecast budget execution ledger for the unfinished project.

[0050] Based on the above embodiment, as an optional embodiment, before obtaining the labor price trend curve and the raw material price trend curve, it includes: S401, collecting historical data on raw material prices and data on factors affecting raw material prices; Specifically, project cost management personnel will adopt a multi-channel and all-round data collection method to strive to obtain comprehensive, accurate and dynamic raw material price data. On the one hand, project cost management personnel will check the information prices released by the engineering cost management department of the project location and collect historical market price data of various raw materials, generally covering the monthly prices of the past three years; at the same time, through supplier interviews, market research and other methods, supplement and improve the ten-day and weekly price data of key materials. On the other hand, project cost management personnel will widely collect data on various factors that affect raw material prices, such as national industrial policies, development trends of upstream and downstream industries of raw materials, international commodity price fluctuations, and public emergencies. Usually, public information retrieval, internal data mining, third-party data purchase and other methods are adopted to obtain quantitative data or qualitative information on influencing factors. During the collection process, project cost management personnel will focus on bulk materials such as steel, cement, sand, concrete, and formwork, as well as price-sensitive materials such as customized equipment and imported components, and refine special research plans to ensure the comprehensiveness of the data; for materials with abnormal price fluctuations, the frequency of data collection will be increased, and necessary retrospective reviews will be carried out to ensure data accuracy; for materials with obvious price trend characteristics, the data recording period will be extended, and vertical comparison and analysis will be strengthened to grasp the pattern of changes and have a clear understanding of the situation.

[0051] S402, constructing lagged price features according to the time series characteristics of historical raw material price data; Specifically, project cost managers will comprehensively analyze the historical data of raw material prices, focusing on time series characteristics such as continuity and periodicity, and on this basis, construct several lagged price features associated with current prices. Usually, project cost managers will conduct autoregression analysis on the monthly data of raw material prices to examine the correlation between price series of different lag periods and current prices. For raw materials with strong price inertia, their current prices often have good continuity with the prices of previous periods, and the lagged price series formed by this can be used as an effective explanatory variable. With the help of statistical tools such as scatter plot analysis and autocorrelation coefficient calculation, project cost managers will intuitively judge the correlation strength between each lagged price series and the current price, and select several periods with the best correlation as key lagged feature periods, and then construct a time series feature set containing current prices and key lagged prices. For different raw material categories, the span and number of key lagged feature periods may vary, but generally, lagged price series with no more than 5 periods and a cumulative correlation coefficient greater than 0.5 are selected for feature construction. After determining the lagged price characteristics of each raw material, the project cost management personnel will further conduct cross-validation, compare and analyze the degree of fit between the current price series and the lagged price characteristic series, and optimize and adjust the characteristic period accordingly, ultimately forming a relatively stable price time series characteristic set.

[0052] S403, screening the data of factors affecting the price of raw materials by a feature selection method to determine the data of significant factors affecting the price of raw materials; Specifically, project cost managers will comprehensively sort out the influencing factors and adopt a feature selection method that combines qualitative and quantitative analysis to screen and evaluate the data of various influencing factors, and select the key factors that have a significant impact on the price fluctuations of raw materials. First, project cost managers will invite industry experts to conduct a hierarchical analysis of potential influencing factors, and preliminarily determine the categories of factors that have a substantial impact on the price of raw materials based on experience, usually involving macroeconomics, industry development, market supply and demand, price policies and other aspects. On this basis, project cost managers will use statistical indicators such as the Pearson correlation coefficient and the Spearman rank correlation coefficient to quantitatively evaluate the degree of correlation between each factor and the price of raw materials. For qualitative factors, they can be numerically processed by methods such as virtual variable assignment and scaling quantification. Then, feature selection algorithms such as stepwise regression and maximum entropy principle are used to screen out a set of key factors that have a decisive impact on price fluctuations based on the significance level of the factors, and further calculate the marginal contribution rate of each key factor, based on which the weight of each factor data in the price trend prediction model is determined. At the same time, in order to ensure the reliability and stability of the selection of key factors, project cost management personnel will also adopt data resampling techniques such as cross-validation, carry out feature selection and effect evaluation multiple times, make necessary corrections and optimizations to the preliminary selection plan, and strive to obtain a relatively robust data set of key influencing factors.

[0053] S404, determining the exchange relationship of the significant influencing factor data to obtain the interaction characteristics between the significant influencing factor data; Specifically, project cost managers will use multivariate statistical analysis, data mining and other methods to focus on the interactive correlation patterns between the data of significant influencing factors, and select factor combinations with significant interactive effects to construct interactive feature sets that can characterize the fluctuation patterns of raw material prices. Generally speaking, project cost managers will use matrix analysis, correlation analysis and other methods to sort out the pairwise combinations of the significant influencing factors, focusing on the factor pairs with high correlation coefficients and economic explanations; at the same time, they will use principal component analysis, factor analysis and other dimensionality reduction methods to explore the common driving forces behind the influencing factors and identify a few comprehensive variables that can reflect the trend of raw material price changes. On the basis of revealing the internal correlation of significant factors, project cost managers will further use interactive term regression, moderation effect test and other techniques to quantitatively evaluate the interactive effects of various factor combinations on raw material prices. For interactive terms that pass the significance test, they can be characterized by variable transformation, quadratic term construction and other methods. Considering that the interactive effect may show certain stage characteristics, project cost managers will also use segmented regression, threshold regression and other methods to characterize the interactive patterns of factors under different influencing intensities, and strive to fully reflect the dynamic response of raw material prices to changes in key influencing factors. While constructing interactive features, project cost management personnel will also pay close attention to the theoretical frontiers and practical developments in related fields, draw on advanced mathematical models and analysis methods, and continuously improve and perfect the expression of interactive features to enhance their explanatory and predictive capabilities.

[0054] S405, constructing a sample set based on the lagged price characteristics, the significant influencing factor data, the interaction characteristics and the historical data of raw material prices; Specifically, the project cost management personnel will use SQL, Python and other data processing tools to clean, integrate, transform and reduce various feature data and original price data, and finally form a sample data set with complete structure and standardized content. First, the project cost management personnel will refer to the framework structure of the price forecasting model, match the independent variables such as lagged price characteristics, significant influencing factor data, and interactive characteristics with the dependent variable of raw material price, and arrange and combine them in the order of time series to form a "feature + label" sample data prototype. Then, the project cost management personnel will proceed to data preprocessing. For numerical features, dimensionless methods such as minimum-maximum standardization and Z-score standardization are used to eliminate dimensional differences; for categorical features, unique hot encoding and serial number encoding are used to achieve numerical conversion. At the same time, for the missing values ​​and outliers that may exist in the sample data, mean substitution, boundary processing and other methods are used to correct them, and visual means such as box plots and scatter plots are used to inspect the processing effects. On the basis of data preprocessing, project cost management personnel will also use data stratification, cross-segmentation and other technologies to randomly divide the sample data set into training sets, validation sets and test sets according to a certain ratio, in preparation for subsequent model training, parameter adjustment and testing. In addition, considering that the data quality of the sample set directly affects the reliability of price prediction, project cost management personnel will also regularly conduct data review and rebalancing, continuously monitor the representativeness and accuracy of each feature data, and dynamically update and iterate the sample set in combination with the progress of the project to ensure that high-quality and fresh data samples are provided for price prediction.

[0055] S406, constructing an initial raw material price trend prediction model, and training the initial raw material price trend prediction model based on the sample set to obtain a target raw material price trend prediction model.

[0056] Specifically, project cost managers will follow the principle of problem orientation and adapting to local conditions, comprehensively consider the statistical characteristics of raw material price data, the economic explanation of price impact mechanism, and the computational efficiency of model training, and build a model library covering mainstream price forecasting methods, including time series models such as ARIMA, ESM, machine learning models such as support vector machines, random forests, and deep learning models such as long short-term memory networks (LSTM) and gated recurrent unit networks (GRU). On the basis of comparative demonstration of the applicable boundaries of various models, project cost managers will adopt a hierarchical progressive and integrated optimization strategy to build multiple complementary initial raw material price forecasting models, such as ARIMA models for medium- and long-term trends in raw material prices, and SVM models for price fluctuation segments. At the same time, in order to enhance the adaptability of the initial model to price emergencies, project cost managers will also embed several knowledge-driven rule engines, such as similarity rules and interval rules, and strive to incorporate expert experience into statistical modeling to improve the anti-interference ability of the forecasting model to black swan events. After constructing the initial model, the project cost management personnel will use the training data in the sample set as the basis, and use optimization algorithms such as gradient descent and random search to calibrate the model's hyperparameters, weight coefficients, etc. through repeated iterations. With the validation set data as a reference, grid search, K-fold cross-validation and other methods will be used to screen out the parameter combination with the smallest generalization error, and the model form will be continuously updated to finally obtain a target raw material price trend forecasting model with excellent goodness of fit and robustness. Throughout the model training process, the project cost management personnel will continuously monitor the forecast accuracy through multiple evaluation indicators such as MSE and MAPE, and use analysis tools such as learning curves and feature importance to perspective the training effect, in order to give full play to the value of the sample data and maximize the forecasting performance of the target model.

[0057] S106, comparing the forecast budget execution ledger with the budget execution ledger to obtain forecast deviation data; Specifically, the project cost management personnel will use quantitative analysis methods to compare the various cost data reflected in the forecast budget execution ledger with the corresponding data in the initially compiled budget execution ledger. In this process, the project cost management personnel will focus on the direct costs such as labor costs, material costs, and machinery costs, as well as the differences between the forecast values ​​and the estimated values ​​of indirect costs such as fees, management fees, and profits. For cost items with differences, the project cost management personnel will calculate the absolute deviation amount and the relative deviation percentage to fully quantify the forecast deviation data. At the same time, the project cost management personnel will also use qualitative analysis methods, combined with the price trend analysis, analyze the subjective and objective reasons for the deviation, evaluate the impact on the project cost, and determine whether it is a positive deviation or a negative deviation. In the comparative analysis process, project cost management personnel usually use information tools such as cost management software to improve analysis efficiency and accuracy.

[0058] S107, performing data analysis on the actual deviation data and the predicted deviation data, determining the comprehensive deviation cause, and generating a deviation correction plan based on the comprehensive deviation cause.

[0059] Specifically, project cost managers will use a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis methods to conduct in-depth analysis of actual deviation data and predicted deviation data. On the one hand, project cost managers will use qualitative methods such as cause-and-effect analysis, comparative analysis, and trend analysis to explore various subjective and objective reasons for deviations that have occurred and may occur from multiple perspectives, starting from personnel organization, material procurement, construction technology, design optimization, internal and external environmental changes, etc. On the other hand, project cost managers will make full use of quantitative methods such as correlation analysis, regression analysis, and sensitivity analysis to measure the contribution of various factors to the deviations that have occurred and predicted deviation data, and objectively evaluate their impact on project costs. In the analysis process, project cost managers usually use decision-making analysis tools such as brainstorming, Delphi method, and hierarchical analysis to widely absorb the collective wisdom of the project management team, strive to comprehensively and systematically find the causes of deviations, accurately judge their importance in the comprehensive deviations, and scientifically establish deviation correction ideas and optimization directions. Based on the above analysis, project cost management personnel will systematically sort out key areas and key nodes for correction, formulate targeted correction plans covering material costs, labor costs, machinery costs, indirect costs, etc., clarify correction goals, implement correction measures, refine correction progress, and quantify correction assessment indicators, striving to implement full-process, all-round, and all-factor dynamic control of project costs.

[0060] Based on the above embodiment, as an optional embodiment, data analysis is performed on the actual deviation data and the predicted deviation data to determine the comprehensive deviation cause, including: S501, classify and summarize the actual deviation data according to deviation type, deviation occurrence time and deviation impact scope, calculate statistical indicators of various deviations, and obtain actual deviation statistical data; Specifically, project cost management personnel will make full use of data processing and statistical analysis tools to conduct multi-dimensional cross-analysis of actual deviation data. First, project cost management personnel will refer to the established deviation classification standards to define and mark the attributes of each actual deviation data. Generally speaking, deviation types can be divided into cost deviation, schedule deviation, quality deviation, etc. The time of deviation occurrence can be marked as a specific date or project node, and the scope of deviation impact can be subdivided into different cost elements such as material procurement, equipment leasing, and labor subcontracting. After completing the data labeling, project cost management personnel will use pivot tables, group summary and other functions to cross-classify and multi-dimensionally summarize the actual deviation data according to different label combinations such as "deviation type-deviation occurrence time" and "deviation occurrence time-impact scope", and use data visualization tools to draw matrix charts, radar charts, box plots, etc. to intuitively show the distribution trend of various deviations. Based on the data summary, project cost management personnel will further calculate the statistical indicators of each subdivided category deviation, such as the mean, variance, skewness, etc. of the deviation, to characterize the overall level and dispersion of various deviations. At the same time, statistical inference methods such as hypothesis testing and variance analysis will be used to examine whether there are significant differences in statistical indicators for deviations of different types and time periods, and to explore the hidden association patterns in the deviation data. In addition, in order to enhance the robustness of statistical results to outliers, project cost management personnel will also use methods such as Bootstrap resampling and Jackknife scissors sampling to estimate the confidence interval of statistical indicators to ensure the reliability of statistical inference, and ultimately form a comprehensive and detailed set of actual deviation statistical data.

[0061] S502, classifying and summarizing the forecast deviation data according to the deviation type, deviation occurrence time and deviation impact range, calculating the statistical indicators of each type of deviation, and obtaining the statistical data of the forecast deviation data; Specifically, project cost managers will make full use of data mining and statistical modeling methods to conduct hierarchical mining of forecast deviation data. First, based on the constructed raw material price trend forecast model, as well as factors such as construction schedule and resource demand plan, project cost managers will systematically forecast the possible deviations of various cost elements in the future period to form a set of structured forecast deviation data. After marking the deviation attributes of each forecast record, project cost managers will use data cubes, online analysis and other technologies to cross-cut and summarize the forecast deviation data according to multiple dimensions such as "deviation type-deviation occurrence time-deviation impact range", and use radar charts, area charts and other visualization tools to reveal the future distribution trend of each segmented deviation type. Based on the data summary, project cost managers will also calculate the statistical indicators of various forecast deviation data, such as deviation mean, deviation contribution rate, deviation year-on-year increase, etc., to quantitatively characterize the future severity and deterioration rate of various deviations. At the same time, project cost management personnel will also compare and analyze the statistical indicators of actual deviation and forecast deviation data, examine the similarities and differences in the distribution structure of existing deviation and potential deviation, and use correlation analysis, regression analysis and other methods to explore the internal connection between the two types of deviation data, and strive to find clues to future trends in the actual operating rules. In addition, in order to enhance the scientific nature of the statistical results of forecast deviation data, project cost management personnel will also use methods such as Monte Carlo simulation to estimate the possible value range of various statistical indicators at a certain confidence level, in order to make a prudent judgment on the future trend of cost deviation, and finally form a comprehensive, three-dimensional, and logically rigorous forecast deviation data statistical data.

[0062] S503, comparing the predicted deviation data statistics with the actual deviation data statistics to obtain common deviation data and differential deviation data; Specifically, the project cost management personnel will first juxtapose the statistical data of the forecast deviation data and the statistical data of the actual deviation into an adjacency matrix, align the same analysis dimension vertically, and correspond to different time nodes horizontally, so as to intuitively present the corresponding relationship between the two types of data. On this basis, the project cost management personnel will make full use of mathematical statistics methods to systematically examine the common deviation and differential deviation in static comparison and dynamic analysis. From a static perspective, the project cost management personnel will use correlation analysis, regression analysis and other techniques to examine the correlation and causal relationship between the forecast deviation data and the actual deviation of each subdivided category. The deviation category with a correlation coefficient close to 1 indicates that the change trend of the forecast value and the actual value is basically the same, reflecting the internal consistency of the ex ante and ex post deviations, and can be classified as common deviation data; the deviation category with a lower correlation coefficient indicates the unexpected utility of in-process control or the significant bias of ex ante prediction, which can be included in the category of differential deviation data. From a dynamic perspective, the project cost management personnel will use time as the axis to compare and analyze the forecast value and actual value of the same subdivided deviation at different time points, and examine the long-term equilibrium relationship between the statistical data of the forecast deviation data and the statistical data of the actual deviation through the cointegration test of the translation series. Deviation data with significant cointegration relationships can be regarded as common deviations that affect the entire cycle; otherwise, they can be identified as differential deviations in a specific period. While qualitatively classifying the two types of deviation data, project cost management personnel will also use data mining algorithms such as logistic regression and decision trees to quantitatively characterize the contribution of various deviation factors to the overall deviation, and further screen out the key common factors that have the most significant impact on cost out-of-control.

[0063] S504, analyzing the common deviation data to obtain the common deviation causes; Specifically, project cost management personnel will, on the basis of summarizing and induction, comprehensively use methods such as cause analysis and brainstorming to examine the formation mechanism of common deviations at multiple levels and in an all-round manner. On the one hand, project cost management personnel will focus on the management system and operation mechanism level, use tools such as flowcharts and fishbone diagrams to sort out the links between various links of cost management, and systematically examine the rationality of existing process design and the effectiveness of risk prevention and control through logical deduction and scenario analysis, and find outstanding problems in system construction, such as imperfect systems, unoptimized processes, lack of rigid constraints, etc., and strive to eliminate the lesions that breed common deviations in the systematic optimization of system mechanisms. On the other hand, project cost management personnel will also conduct micro-analysis of specific implementation links, use field research, interviews and other methods to go deep into the front line, and understand the specific manifestations of common deviations in various business scenarios. Through the classification, summary and cross-comparison of massive cases, project cost management personnel will summarize and refine high-frequency operational problems that cause common deviations, such as information distortion, poor communication, lax control, etc., and find the breakthrough of "big problems" in "small incision" observation. While sorting out the crux of the problem, project cost managers will also make full use of expert experience, adopt group decision-making methods such as brainstorming and Delphi, widely absorb the wisdom of all parties, inspire inspiration in the confrontation of ideas and the collision of opinions, and strive to examine the common causes of deviations in multiple dimensions. Based on the above analysis, project cost managers can finally clearly summarize the key influencing factors that lead to common deviations, and use this as a starting point to formulate targeted correction plans.

[0064] S505, analyzing the difference deviation data to obtain the difference deviation cause; Specifically, project cost management personnel will make full use of comparative analysis, time series analysis and other methods to analyze the formation logic of differential deviations from multiple angles and dynamically. On the one hand, project cost management personnel will conduct horizontal comparisons of differential deviation data at different stages, and use visualization tools such as Sankey diagrams and quadrant diagrams to intuitively present the differences in deviation structures at different periods. By cross-analyzing key indicators such as the weights of influencing factors and the degree of deviation at each stage, project cost management personnel can systematically identify the characteristics of differential deviations at different periods, which not only reflects the characteristics of the stage, but also reveals dynamic changes. For example, in the early stage of project implementation, the deviation problems caused by factors such as insufficient design optimization and delayed information transmission are more prominent; and after entering the peak construction period, the deviation risks of construction period and process suddenly increase due to factors such as construction organization and resource allocation. On the other hand, project cost management personnel will also conduct longitudinal trend analysis on the time series data of various differential deviations. By describing the evolution of deviations through time series models such as moving average and exponential smoothing, project cost management personnel can gain in-depth insights into the development trend of differential deviations and proactively predict future risk factors. For example, influenced by factors such as market environment and policy orientation, material prices and labor costs show obvious cyclical fluctuation characteristics, but there are significant differences in the change cycle and fluctuation range. Based on dynamic analysis, project cost management personnel can timely identify the internal laws of the occurrence and development of differential deviations, extract and summarize the key influencing factors of the stage, and then formulate correction strategies according to the "time".

[0065] S506, identifying key influencing factors of the actual deviation data and the predicted deviation data to obtain the key influencing factors of the deviation; Specifically, project cost managers will use data mining methods such as correlation analysis and regression analysis to examine the internal connection between various influencing factors and deviation changes in multiple dimensions. On the one hand, project cost managers will cross-compare actual deviation data and predicted deviation data, and use scatter plots, radar charts and other visual charts to intuitively depict the degree of deviation between the two types of data. By quantitatively examining the degree of correlation between the two sets of data through methods such as covariance analysis and correlation test, project cost managers can preliminarily judge the determination of various influencing factors on the deviation, screen out the potential key factors that are most closely related to the deviation change, and lay the foundation for further analysis of the influencing mechanism. On the other hand, project cost managers will also use econometric models such as multivariate regression and logistic regression to deeply analyze the effects of various influencing factors. By constructing a regression equation containing multiple influencing variables, the marginal contribution rate of each factor to the deviation can be quantitatively estimated, and then the influence weight of each factor can be determined according to evaluation indicators such as model fit goodness and significance test, and the key factors that have a substantial impact on the deviation can be identified. At the same time, in a big data environment, project cost management personnel can also make full use of machine learning algorithms, adopt data mining techniques such as decision trees and random forests to automatically screen key influencing factors, continuously optimize influence weights in the learning and training of massive heterogeneous data, and adaptively adjust key factor identification strategies to further enhance the intelligence level and real-time response capabilities of deviation management.

[0066] S507, conduct a comprehensive analysis based on the differential deviation causes, common deviation causes and key influencing factors of the deviation to obtain the comprehensive deviation causes.

[0067] Specifically, project cost management personnel will make full use of comprehensive integration methods such as matrix analysis and system dynamics to characterize the mode of action of deviation causes from multiple angles and in a three-dimensional manner. On the one hand, project cost management personnel will use tools such as interaction matrix and DSM matrix to sort out the cross-influence relationship between differential deviation causes, common deviation causes and key influencing factors of deviation. Through scenario analysis and pairwise comparison, the coupling effects of various deviation causes under different backgrounds can be qualitatively identified, revealing the correlation characteristics such as dependence and restriction between various factors. For example, common factors such as rising material prices and labor costs are closely related to the market supply and demand structure in the project area, reflecting the interactive influence of the macro environment and the micro context; common factors at the system level such as imperfect project management mechanism and lax process control may induce differential problems at the link level such as insufficient design depth and lagging construction organization, reflecting the traction effect of upper-level logic on lower-level behavior. On the other hand, project cost management personnel will also simulate the dynamic evolution law of deviation causes through methods such as causal loop diagram and system dynamics equation. Based on the action paths of various deviation causes, the conduction and amplification mechanism of the deviation causal chain can be quantitatively characterized, and the "snowball effect" of deviation under the joint action of multiple factors can be deeply analyzed. For example, design changes often lead to chain reactions such as construction delays and resource occupation, and periodic fluctuations in material prices may trigger domino effects of engineering changes, which together lead to out-of-control project costs. Through comprehensive scenario simulation, project cost managers can comprehensively analyze the aggregation effect of various factors in dynamic games, and then extract the internal mechanism of deviation formation from the complex appearances, grasp the laws while seeking common ground while reserving differences, and optimize decisions by taking into account all factors. Based on comprehensive analysis, project cost managers can ultimately summarize the combination pattern of key deviation causes, depict the action map of deviation evolution, and form a systematic solution through factor integration.

[0068] Based on the above embodiment, as an optional embodiment, a correction scheme is generated according to the comprehensive deviation causes, including: S701, based on the comprehensive deviation causes, identify the key deviation factors that have the greatest impact on the deviation of the project; Specifically, project cost management personnel will use system engineering methods such as hierarchical analysis and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to consider the comprehensive effects of differential deviation causes, common deviation causes and key deviation influencing factors at multiple levels and angles. First, management personnel will use tools such as affinity diagrams and system trees to structure and sort out various deviation causes, classify them into several main aspects according to the principle of similar nature and logical association, and use hierarchical analysis to determine the influence weights of various aspects. On the basis of classification, management personnel will also use network diagrams, association matrices and other methods to further analyze the internal connections between various deviation causes, characterize the path of deviation transmission and influence, and reveal the formation mechanism of deviation problems. At the same time, management personnel will fully absorb the opinions and suggestions of multiple parties, use Delphi method, hierarchical analysis and other methods to carry out the importance judgment of deviation causes, take into account commonalities and differences, weigh the pros and cons, and form a comprehensive judgment by learning from others. Finally, managers will use methods such as fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to systematically integrate the results of the above qualitative and quantitative analyses, establish a comprehensive evaluation matrix containing multiple evaluation factors, and ultimately determine the comprehensive impact of various causes of deviation through membership calculations. Based on the evaluation results, they will summarize and extract the key causes of the deviation problem, and formulate a "targeted" correction plan.

[0069] S702: Develop corresponding correction measures for key deviation factors and obtain correction plans.

[0070] Specifically, project cost management personnel will use mathematical models and scientific decision-making methods such as principal component analysis and key factor evaluation to evaluate the importance of various deviation factors from multiple angles and systematically determine their impact priority. On the one hand, management personnel will conduct principal component analysis on various comprehensive deviation causes, and by calculating the variance contribution rate of each factor, screen out a few principal component factors that have a significant impact on the total cost fluctuation, and then use the principal component factors as the focus of correction. On the other hand, management personnel will also use the hierarchical analysis method to invite experts from all parties to weight the importance of various deviation factors, calculate the combined weights of each factor by pairwise comparison, reveal the impact differences between different factors, and determine the priority of key deviation factors. At the same time, management personnel will also combine sensitivity analysis, extreme value analysis and other methods to examine the sensitivity of various factors, and dynamically simulate the impact of changes in various factors on total costs by constructing a deviation transmission model, and further identify the very few key factors that play a decisive role in cost out of control. Based on the system evaluation, management personnel will finally rank various deviation factors according to comprehensive indicators such as principal component contribution, weight coefficient, and sensitivity coefficient, select the top three items with the greatest impact as key control objects, and then formulate precise correction strategies around these key factors.

[0071] On the other hand, the present application also provides a project management system based on budget execution, such as Figure 2The system comprises: The project budget preparation module 1 is used to obtain engineering project data, and prepare the project budget according to the engineering project data to obtain the target project budget; Execution account establishment module 2, used to establish a budget execution account based on the target project budget; The actual deviation comparison module 3 is used to record the actual budget execution data when the engineering project is executed, obtain the actual budget execution ledger, and compare the actual budget execution ledger with the budget execution ledger to obtain the actual deviation data; The unfinished engineering quantity determination module 4 is used to determine the completed engineering quantity, the engineering cost of the completed engineering quantity and the unfinished engineering quantity of the current project according to the actual budget execution ledger and the budget execution ledger, and determine the manpower data, engineering cycle and raw material data required for the unfinished engineering quantity according to the unfinished engineering quantity and the budget execution ledger; The forecast and budget execution account determination module 5 is used to obtain the labor price trend curve and the raw material price trend curve, and determine the forecast and budget execution account of the unfinished engineering quantity according to the labor price trend curve, the raw material price trend curve, the required manpower data, the engineering cycle and the raw material data; The forecast deviation comparison module 6 is used to compare the forecast budget execution ledger with the budget execution ledger to obtain the forecast deviation data; The correction scheme generating module 7 is used to perform data analysis on the actual deviation data and the predicted deviation data, determine the comprehensive deviation causes, and generate a correction scheme based on the comprehensive deviation causes.

[0072] Please refer to Figure 3 The application also discloses an electronic device. Figure 3 The electronic device 300 may include: at least one processor 301 , at least one network interface 304 , a user interface 303 , a memory 305 , and at least one communication bus 302 .

[0073] The communication bus 302 is used to realize the connection and communication between these components.

[0074] The user interface 303 may include a display screen (Display) and a camera (Camera). Optionally, the user interface 303 may also include a standard wired interface and a wireless interface.

[0075] The network interface 304 may optionally include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface (such as a WI-FI interface).

[0076] Among them, the processor 301 may include one or more processing cores. The processor 301 uses various interfaces and lines to connect various parts in the entire server, and executes various functions of the server and processes data by running or executing instructions, programs, code sets or instruction sets stored in the memory 305, and calling data stored in the memory 305. Optionally, the processor 301 can be implemented in at least one hardware form of digital signal processing (Digital Signal Processing, DSP), field programmable gate array (Field~Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), and programmable logic array (Programmable Logic Array, PLA). The processor 301 can integrate one or a combination of a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a graphics processing unit (Graphics Processing Unit, GPU) and a modem. Among them, the CPU mainly processes the operating system, user interface and application programs; the GPU is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the display screen; the modem is used to process wireless communications. It can be understood that the above-mentioned modem may not be integrated into the processor 301, and it can be implemented separately through a chip.

[0077] Among them, the memory 305 may include a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) and may also include a read-only memory (Read~Only Memory). Optionally, the memory 305 includes a non-transitory computer-readable medium. The memory 305 can be used to store instructions, programs, codes, code sets or instruction sets. The memory 305 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for at least one function (such as a touch function, a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), instructions for implementing the above-mentioned various method embodiments, etc.; the data storage area may store data involved in the above-mentioned various method embodiments, etc. The memory 305 may optionally be at least one storage system located away from the aforementioned processor 301. Refer to Figure 3 The memory 305 as a computer storage medium may include an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module and an application program of an engineering project management method based on budget execution.

[0078] exist Figure 3In the electronic device 300 shown, the user interface 303 is mainly used to provide an input interface for the user and obtain the data input by the user; and the processor 301 can be used to call the application program storing the road assessment method in the memory 305. When executed by one or more processors 301, the electronic device 300 executes one or more methods in the above-mentioned embodiments. It should be noted that for the aforementioned method embodiments, for the sake of simple description, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should know that the present application is not limited to the described order of actions, because according to the present application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also know that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required for the present application. In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For the parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0079] In the several implementations provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed system can be implemented in other ways. For example, the system embodiments described above are only schematic, such as the division of units, which is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some service interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of the system or unit can be electrical or other forms.

[0080] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0081] The present application also provides a computer storage medium that can store multiple instructions, which are suitable for being loaded and executed by a processor as described above. Figure 1 The road assessment method of the embodiment shown in the figure can be found in the specific implementation process. Figure 1 The specific description of the illustrated embodiment will not be repeated here.

[0082] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0083] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable memory. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a memory, including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned memory includes: various media that can store program codes, such as USB flash drives, mobile hard drives, magnetic disks or optical disks.

[0084] The above are only exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and cannot be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. That is, any equivalent changes and modifications made according to the teachings of the present disclosure are still within the scope of the present disclosure. After considering the disclosure of the specification and the truth of practice, those skilled in the art will easily think of other embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0085] This application is intended to cover any variation, use or adaptation of the present disclosure, which follows the general principles of the present disclosure and includes common knowledge or customary technical means in the art not described in the present disclosure. The description and examples are to be regarded as exemplary only, and the scope and spirit of the present disclosure are defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A project management method based on budget execution, characterized in that: include: Obtaining engineering project information, and preparing a project budget based on the engineering project information to obtain a target project budget; Establish a budget execution ledger based on the budget of the target project; When the project is executed, the actual budget execution data is recorded to obtain the actual budget execution ledger, and the actual budget execution ledger is compared with the budget execution ledger to obtain actual deviation data; Determine the completed engineering quantity, engineering cost of the completed engineering quantity and unfinished engineering quantity of the current project according to the actual budget execution ledger and the budget execution ledger, and determine the manpower data, engineering cycle and raw material data required for the unfinished engineering quantity according to the unfinished engineering quantity and the budget execution ledger; Obtaining a labor price trend curve and a raw material price trend curve, and determining a forecast and budget execution ledger of the unfinished engineering quantity according to the labor price trend curve, the raw material price trend curve, the required manpower data, the engineering cycle and the raw material data; Compare the forecast budget execution ledger with the budget execution ledger to obtain forecast bias data; Data analysis is performed on the actual deviation data and the predicted deviation data to determine the comprehensive deviation cause, and a correction plan is generated based on the comprehensive deviation cause.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The project budget is prepared according to the engineering project data to obtain the target project budget, including: Determine the bill of quantities based on the project data, and obtain the project costs by item based on the bill of quantities, the preset price estimate base date and the preset price charging standard; Calculate the cost of the measures project based on the construction plan in the project data and the actual situation on site; Determine the budget estimate of the target project based on the measures and the costs of the sub-items of the project.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The manpower data, engineering cycle and raw material data required for determining the unfinished engineering quantity based on the unfinished engineering quantity and the budget execution ledger include: The unfinished project volume is matched with the estimated execution ledger to determine the manpower data, the project cycle and the raw material data required for the unfinished project volume.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before obtaining the labor price trend curve and the raw material price trend curve, it also includes: Collect historical data on raw material prices and data on factors affecting raw material prices; constructing a lagged price feature according to the time series characteristics of the historical data of raw material prices; Screening the data of factors influencing the price of raw materials by a feature selection method to determine the data of significant influencing factors; Determining the exchange relationship of the significant influencing factor data to obtain the interaction characteristics between the significant influencing factor data; Constructing a sample set according to the lagged price feature, the significant influencing factor data, the interaction feature and the raw material price historical data; An initial raw material price trend prediction model is constructed, and the initial raw material price trend prediction model is trained based on the sample set to obtain a target raw material price trend prediction model.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining the forecast and budget execution account of the unfinished engineering quantity according to the labor price trend curve, the raw material price trend curve, the required labor data, the engineering cycle and the raw material data includes: Calculate the labor cost of completing the unfinished project according to the labor price trend curve and the required labor data to obtain the predicted labor cost of the unfinished project; Calculating the material cost of completing the unfinished project based on the raw material price trend curve and the raw material data to obtain a predicted material cost of the unfinished project; Calculate the machinery cost of completing the unfinished project quantity according to the number of machine shifts and the unit price of machinery cost in the raw material data to obtain the predicted machinery cost of the unfinished project quantity; Calculating the management fee according to the predicted labor cost of the unfinished project, the predicted material cost of the unfinished project and the predicted machinery cost of the unfinished project according to the preset management fee rate to obtain the predicted management fee of the unfinished project; The forecast budget execution ledger is constructed based on the forecast labor cost, the forecast material cost, the forecast machinery cost and the forecast management fee.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The performing of data analysis on the actual deviation data and the predicted deviation data to determine the comprehensive deviation cause includes: The actual deviation data are classified and summarized according to the deviation type, deviation occurrence time and deviation impact scope, and statistical indicators of various deviations are calculated to obtain actual deviation statistical data; The forecast deviation data are classified and summarized according to the deviation type, deviation occurrence time and deviation impact scope, and statistical indicators of various deviations are calculated to obtain statistical data of the forecast deviation data; Compare the predicted deviation data statistics with the actual deviation data statistics to obtain common deviation data and differential deviation data; Analyze the common deviation data to obtain the common deviation causes; Analyzing the difference deviation data to obtain the cause of the difference deviation; Identifying key influencing factors of the actual deviation data and the predicted deviation data to obtain key influencing factors of the deviation; Based on a comprehensive analysis of the differential deviation causes, the common deviation causes and the key influencing factors of the deviation, the comprehensive deviation causes are obtained.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Generating a correction plan according to the comprehensive deviation cause includes: Based on the comprehensive deviation causes, identify the key deviation factors that have the greatest impact on the deviation of the project; In view of the key deviation factors, corresponding correction measures are formulated to obtain the correction plan.

8. An engineering project management system based on budget execution, characterized in that: The system comprises: A project budget preparation module is used to obtain project data and prepare a project budget based on the project data to obtain a target project budget; An execution account establishment module is used to establish a budget execution account based on the target project budget; The actual deviation comparison module is used to record the actual budget execution data when the engineering project is executed, obtain the actual budget execution ledger, and compare the actual budget execution ledger with the budget execution ledger to obtain the actual deviation data; The unfinished engineering quantity determination module is used to determine the completed engineering quantity, the engineering cost of the completed engineering quantity and the unfinished engineering quantity of the current project according to the actual budget execution ledger and the budget execution ledger, and determine the manpower data, engineering cycle and raw material data required for the unfinished engineering quantity according to the unfinished engineering quantity and the budget execution ledger; A forecast and budget execution account determination module is used to obtain a labor price trend curve and a raw material price trend curve, and determine the forecast and budget execution account of the unfinished engineering quantity according to the labor price trend curve, the raw material price trend curve, the required manpower data, the engineering cycle and the raw material data; A forecast deviation comparison module, used to compare the forecast budget execution ledger with the budget execution ledger to obtain forecast deviation data; The correction scheme generation module is used to perform data analysis on the actual deviation data and the predicted deviation data, determine the comprehensive deviation cause, and generate a correction scheme based on the comprehensive deviation cause.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a plurality of instructions, and the instructions are suitable for being loaded by a processor and executing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: It includes a processor, a memory and a transceiver, the memory is used to store instructions, the transceiver is used to communicate with other devices, and the processor is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory so that the electronic device executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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