Bridge bearing dislodgement alarm device and alarm method unaffected by bearing wear and rotation

Abstract

This invention discloses a bridge bearing detachment alarm device and method unaffected by bearing wear and rotation, relating to the field of bridge bearing technology. It includes an upper bearing plate and a lower bearing plate. A steel basin is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lower bearing plate, and a rubber plate is embedded inside the steel basin. A brass ring is embedded on the outer surface of the rubber plate. This bridge bearing detachment alarm device and method, unaffected by bearing wear and rotation, ensures that when the bearing rotates as a whole, the stainless steel plate and the intermediate steel lining plate rotate synchronously at the same angle. The relative vertical angle between the arc-shaped plate and the normally closed microswitch remains unchanged, meaning the detachment alarm accuracy is unaffected by bearing rotation. Furthermore, as the PTFE plate wears, the stainless steel plate presses down on the detection cylinder and the arc-shaped plate, moving downwards synchronously. The relative distance between the stainless steel plate and the arc-shaped plate remains unchanged, guaranteeing the detachment alarm accuracy; that is, the detachment alarm accuracy is unaffected by bearing wear.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge bearing technology, specifically to a bridge bearing detachment alarm device and alarm method that are unaffected by bearing wear and rotation. Background Technology

[0002] Bridge bearings are crucial components connecting the superstructure and substructure of a bridge. Located between the piers and the beams, they play a vital role in transferring loads, accommodating deformation, and ensuring the stability and normal use of the bridge structure. Over long-term use, bearings may experience issues such as detachment due to various reasons. To effectively monitor the working status of bridge bearings and promptly detect abnormalities like detachment, it is necessary to detect and trigger alarms for detachment phenomena, while continuously monitoring the load distribution borne by the bearings.

[0003] In daily bridge operation, bridge bearings play a crucial supporting role. However, as vehicles shuttle back and forth on the bridge, the continuous force exerted by the vehicles impacts the connection between the bearings and the bridge, which can easily cause them to tilt and lead to the problem of separation between the bearings and the bridge. If the bridge bearings are not maintained in a timely manner, safety hazards in bridge operation will quietly emerge and accumulate, making it difficult to take timely and targeted repair measures. In the long run, the safe operation of the bridge will be impossible to guarantee. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a bridge bearing detachment alarm device and alarm method that are unaffected by bearing wear and rotation, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a bridge bearing detachment alarm device unaffected by bearing wear and rotation, comprising an upper bearing plate and a lower bearing plate. A steel basin is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lower bearing plate. A rubber plate is embedded inside the steel basin. A brass ring is embedded on the outer surface of the rubber plate. The outer surface of the brass ring contacts the inner wall of the steel basin. An intermediate steel liner is embedded inside the steel basin. The bottom surface of the intermediate steel liner contacts the upper surface of the rubber plate. A PTFE plate is embedded in a groove at the upper part of the intermediate steel liner. A stainless steel plate is welded to the bottom surface of the upper bearing plate. The bottom surface of the stainless steel plate contacts the upper surface of the PTFE plate. An alarm unit is provided on the outer side of the intermediate steel liner.

[0006] Preferably, the alarm unit includes two detection cylinders, each detection cylinder having a first magnetic column fixedly connected to its inner wall, and each detection cylinder being attracted to the intermediate steel liner through the first magnetic column.

[0007] Preferably, each of the detection cylinders has two arc-shaped grooves on its outer surface, and each arc-shaped groove has a slider slidably connected inside it. Each slider has a second magnetic column fixedly connected to the end away from the detection cylinder, and the outer surface of each second magnetic column is attracted to the outer surface of the intermediate steel liner.

[0008] Preferably, each of the detection cylinders is provided with an L-shaped bracket inside, and the inner wall of each L-shaped bracket is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the detection cylinder with two positioning bolts.

[0009] Preferably, a normally closed micro switch is fixedly connected to the upper surface of each L-shaped bracket, a pressure cover is rotatably connected to the outer surface of each normally closed micro switch, a buffer spring is fixedly connected to the outer surface of each normally closed micro switch, and the bottom surface of each pressure cover contacts the outer surface of the normally closed micro switch and the top of the buffer spring, respectively.

[0010] Preferably, an arc-shaped piece is fixedly connected to the upper surface of each pressure cover, and one end of each arc-shaped piece and the top of the detection cylinder are in contact with the bottom surface of the stainless steel plate.

[0011] Preferably, a transmission plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of each of the arc-shaped pieces, a force-bearing plate is fixedly connected to the outer surface of each of the transmission plates, an observation mirror and a positioning shell are fixedly connected to the inner wall of each of the detection cylinders, and the outer surface of each of the force-bearing plates is slidably connected to the interior of the positioning shell.

[0012] Preferably, each of the positioning shells has a hollow rod inside, the outer surface of each hollow rod is engraved with the same scale lines, and the upper surface of each force plate is in contact with the bottom end of the hollow rod.

[0013] Preferably, a stabilizing plate is fixedly connected to the outer surface of each hollow rod, six positioning plates are fixedly connected to the outer surface of each stabilizing plate, several identical slots are opened on the inner wall of each positioning shell, a connecting seat is fixedly connected to the inner wall of each slot, a miniature constant force spring is fixedly connected to the outer surface of each connecting seat, a positioning plate is rotatably connected to the inner wall of each slot, and the outer surface of each positioning plate is in contact with the outer surface of six of the positioning plates.

[0014] A bridge bearing detachment alarm method unaffected by bearing wear and rotation includes the following steps:

[0015] S1: In actual bridge scenarios, the upper bearing plate, lower bearing plate, stainless steel plate, PTFE plate, steel basin, rubber plate and intermediate steel lining plate are assembled according to structural requirements so that they work together to form a complete bearing. Among them, the rubber plate is responsible for buffering external force impact and ensuring that the bearing can stably cope with various loads.

[0016] S2: When starting to install the alarm unit, prioritize installing the detection cylinder. Align the first magnetic column on the inner wall of the detection cylinder with the outer surface of the middle steel liner plate to fix it magnetically, ensuring the stability of the detection cylinder structure. At the same time, push the two second magnetic columns on the outer side of the detection cylinder to slide in the arc-shaped groove until they are magnetically attracted to the surface of the middle steel liner plate, achieving three-point adsorption, enhancing versatility and stability, and allowing the detection cylinder to change synchronously with the rotation of the support.

[0017] S3: During the preparation stage of bridge bearing detachment detection, a buffer spring is fixed on the surface of the normally closed micro switch to ensure that its top end is in close contact with the pressure cover. This structure can not only enhance the elasticity of the micro switch and resist the influence of the arc plate pressing down for a long time, but also buffer the slight pressure fluctuations, improve the accuracy of detachment detection, and lay the foundation for accurate detection.

[0018] S4: Under normal conditions, due to the bridge's own weight and vehicle load, the stainless steel plate presses down on the arc-shaped plate and pressure cover, causing the normally closed micro switch to open, the circuit to break, and there is no alarm signal. When the support rotates, the stainless steel plate and the intermediate steel lining plate rotate synchronously, and the relative vertical angle between the arc-shaped plate and the normally closed micro switch remains unchanged, ensuring that the accuracy of the detachment alarm is not affected by rotation. In addition, if the PTFE plate wears, the stainless steel plate drives the detection cylinder to move downward, the arc-shaped plate remains in a compressed state, and the alarm rebound height remains constant, ensuring accuracy.

[0019] S5: Once the support detachment height reaches the threshold, the stainless steel plate detaches from the top of the arc-shaped piece and the detection cylinder. The arc-shaped piece extends upward under the action of the normally closed micro switch and the buffer spring, triggering the alarm circuit. The alarm chip in the circuit promptly sends an alarm signal of bridge support detachment to the online signal receiving server. At this time, if the arc-shaped piece is detached, it drives the force plate to slide upward in the positioning shell through the transmission plate. The hollow rod scale line assists in measuring the detachment distance. When the hollow rod extends upward, the positioning piece lifts the positioning plate and flips it in stages. With the help of the miniature constant force spring, the resistance is reduced and the limit is achieved. After the maintenance personnel arrive at the site, they can conveniently observe the scale through the observation mirror 20 and take response actions to ensure bridge safety.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows:

[0021] 1. This invention achieves the same rotation angle between the stainless steel plate and the intermediate steel lining plate by rotating the entire support. The relative vertical angle between the arc-shaped plate and the normally closed micro switch remains unchanged, meaning that the alarm accuracy is not affected by the rotation of the support. As the PTFE plate wears, the stainless steel plate will press down on the detection cylinder and the arc-shaped plate and move downwards synchronously. The relative distance between the stainless steel plate and the arc-shaped plate remains unchanged, ensuring that the alarm accuracy is the same as that during installation. In other words, the alarm accuracy is not affected by the wear of the support.

[0022] 2. This invention securely attaches a normally closed micro switch and a detection cylinder to a middle steel liner plate via a magnetic column. When the support is displaced by external force, the stainless steel plate at the bottom of the upper support plate always presses the micro switch tightly. Once the support is dislodged, the arc-shaped plate is no longer under pressure and rebounds rapidly due to the elastic restoring force of the spring, accurately triggering the dislodged alarm.

[0023] 3. By setting up hollow rods, scale lines, observation mirrors, transmission plates, and force plates, this invention can effectively conduct on-site auxiliary observation of the detachment height of stainless steel plates based on the arc-shaped plate detachment alarm, and obtain the actual distance of bridge bearing detachment. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the exploded upper support plate of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is an enlarged structural schematic diagram showing the details of the arc-shaped groove in this invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the stainless steel plate structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second magnetic column of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the detection cylinder of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the fixed cover of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the positioning shell of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 This is an enlarged structural schematic diagram showing the details of the card slot in this invention;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the miniature constant force spring of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the arc-shaped groove of the present invention.

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Upper support plate; 2. Lower support plate; 3. Detection cylinder; 4. Steel basin; 5. PTFE plate; 6. Intermediate steel lining plate; 7. Brass ring; 8. Rubber plate; 9. Stainless steel plate; 10. Arc-shaped slide; 11. Second magnetic column; 12. Positioning bolt; 13. Arc-shaped piece; 14. First magnetic column; 15. Buffer spring; 16. Pressure cover; 17. Normally closed micro switch; 18. L-shaped bracket; 19. Transmission plate; 20. Observation mirror; 21. Positioning shell; 22. Force plate; 23. Scale line; 24. Hollow rod; 25. Stabilizing plate; 26. Positioning piece; 27. Slot; 28. Positioning plate; 29. ​​Connecting seat; 30. Miniature constant force spring; 31. Slider. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 This invention provides a bridge bearing detachment alarm device that is unaffected by bearing wear and rotation, comprising an upper bearing plate 1 and a lower bearing plate 2. A steel basin 4 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lower bearing plate 2. A rubber plate 8 is embedded inside the steel basin 4. A brass ring 7 is embedded on the outer surface of the rubber plate 8. The outer surface of the brass ring 7 is in contact with the inner wall of the steel basin 4. An intermediate steel liner 6 is embedded inside the steel basin 4. The bottom surface of the intermediate steel liner 6 is in contact with the upper surface of the rubber plate 8. A PTFE plate is embedded in the groove at the upper part of the intermediate steel liner 5. A stainless steel plate 9 is welded to the bottom surface of the upper bearing plate 1. The bottom surface of the stainless steel plate 9 is in contact with the upper surface of the PTFE plate 5. An alarm unit is provided on the outer side of the intermediate steel liner 6.

[0038] The upper support plate 1, lower support plate 2, stainless steel plate 9, PTFE plate 5, steel basin 4, rubber plate 8, and intermediate steel liner plate 6 together form a complete support system. By attaching the alarm unit to the outside of the intermediate steel liner plate 6 magnetically, the gap height between the stainless steel plate 9 and the intermediate steel liner plate 6 can be accurately detected directly, thus facilitating timely alarm for the maximum possible gap distance and achieving efficient monitoring function.

[0039] Based on Example 1, Example 2: Please refer to Example 2. Figure 3 and Figure 6This invention provides a bridge bearing detachment alarm device that is not affected by bearing wear and rotation. This invention makes corresponding improvements to the technical problems mentioned in the background art. The alarm unit includes two detection cylinders 3. The inner wall of each detection cylinder 3 is fixedly connected with a first magnetic column 14. Each detection cylinder 3 is attracted to the intermediate steel liner plate 6 through the first magnetic column 14.

[0040] A first magnetic column 14 is fixed to the inner wall of the detection cylinder 3. The detection cylinder 3 is firmly magnetically attracted to the surface of the intermediate steel liner plate 6 by the first magnetic column 14. This brings two advantages: first, it effectively ensures the stability of the detection cylinder 3 under various working conditions, so that it will not easily shake or shift; second, when the support rotates due to external force, the detection cylinder 3 can rely on the first magnetic column 14 to synchronously produce the same angular change or displacement change with the intermediate steel liner plate 6 and the stainless steel plate 9. This ensures that the detection cylinder 3 can maintain a vertical distance from the stainless steel plate 9 at all times, effectively ensuring that the accuracy of the vacancy alarm will not be affected by the rotation of the support, and providing a reliable guarantee for the safety monitoring of the bridge support.

[0041] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 11 Each detection cylinder 3 has two arc-shaped grooves 10 on its outer surface. Each arc-shaped groove 10 has a slider 31 slidably connected inside. Each slider 31 has a second magnetic post 11 fixedly connected to the end away from the detection cylinder 3. The outer surface of each second magnetic post 11 is attracted to the outer surface of the intermediate steel liner 6. When the detection cylinder 3 is magnetically attracted to the intermediate steel liner 6 by means of the first magnetic post 14, the two second magnetic posts 11 on the outside of the detection cylinder 3 also play a key role. These two second magnetic posts 11 can generate mutual attraction with the intermediate steel liner 6. Moreover, they can slide flexibly inside the arc-shaped grooves 10, and then directly adhere tightly to the surface of the intermediate steel liner 6 by magnetic attraction. In this way, the second magnetic posts 11 and the first magnetic posts 14 cooperate with each other to directly ensure the stability of the overall adsorption state of the detection cylinder 3, so that the detection cylinder 3 has strong adaptability. Even when facing intermediate steel liners 6 of different diameters, it can firmly attach to them by achieving three-point adsorption, laying a solid foundation for subsequent accurate detection work.

[0042] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 6Each detection cylinder 3 has an L-shaped bracket 18 inside. The inner wall of each L-shaped bracket 18 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the detection cylinder 3 by two positioning bolts 12. A normally closed micro switch 17 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of each L-shaped bracket 18. A pressure cover 16 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of each normally closed micro switch 17. A buffer spring 15 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of each normally closed micro switch 17. The bottom surface of each pressure cover 16 is respectively connected to the outer surface of the normally closed micro switch 17 and the buffer spring. The top ends of the springs 15 are in contact with each other. An arc-shaped piece 13 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of each pressure cover 16. One end of each arc-shaped piece 13 and the top end of the detection cylinder 3 are in contact with the bottom surface of the stainless steel plate 9. The L-shaped bracket 18 can be fixed to the inner wall of the detection cylinder 3 using positioning bolts 12, ensuring the overall stability of the L-shaped bracket 18 and reducing the impact of support vibration on the normally closed micro switch 17. The buffer spring 15 directly contacts the pressure cover 16, effectively increasing the elastic force of the normally closed micro switch 17 and effectively improving the release of air. To ensure accuracy during the detection process and prevent the normally closed micro switch 17 from being in a depressed state for an extended period, which could reduce its elasticity and affect its alarm accuracy, the fixed end of the arc-shaped piece 13 is fixed to the upper surface of the pressure cover 16, while its free end is in close contact with the bottom surface of the stainless steel plate 9. Under normal circumstances, the pressure on the stainless steel plate 9 is directly transmitted to the pressure cover 16. Then, the pressure cover 16 applies this pressure to the bottom buffer spring 15 and the normally closed micro switch 17, causing the normally closed micro switch 17 to depress. The micro switch 17 remains in the open state. However, once the stainless steel plate 9 and the intermediate steel lining plate 6 become separated, the free end of the arc-shaped piece 13 loses contact with the bottom surface of the stainless steel plate 9, and the pressure from the stainless steel plate 9 disappears instantly. Immediately afterward, under the combined action of the upward elastic force of the normally closed micro switch 17 on the pressure cover 16 and the upward elastic force of the buffer spring 15, the arc-shaped piece 13 quickly extends upward, and the normally closed micro switch 17 immediately triggers the alarm, issuing a critical warning to detect the abnormal condition of the bridge support in a timely manner.

[0043] Based on Example 2, Example 3: Please refer to Example 3. Figure 6 and Figure 7 This invention provides a bridge bearing detachment alarm device that is unaffected by bearing wear and rotation. This invention makes corresponding improvements to the technical problems mentioned in the background art. A transmission plate 19 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of each arc-shaped piece 13, and a force-bearing plate 22 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of each transmission plate 19. An observation mirror 20 and a positioning shell 21 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of each detection cylinder 3, and the outer surface of each force-bearing plate 22 is slidably connected to the inside of the positioning shell 21.

[0044] The transmission plate 19, positioning shell 21 and force plate 22 can be used to lift the arc plate 13 upward. The arc plate 13 extends upward and drives the force plate 22 to slide upward inside the positioning shell 21, which facilitates the measurement of the gap height between the stainless steel plate 9 and the intermediate steel liner plate 6. The observation mirror 20 can be used to observe the gap distance between the stainless steel plate 9 and the intermediate steel liner plate 6, which assists the staff in conducting on-site observation.

[0045] Please see Figure 7 and Figure 8 Each positioning shell 21 has a hollow rod 24 inside, and the outer surface of each hollow rod 24 is engraved with the same scale line 23. The upper surface of each force plate 22 is in contact with the bottom end of the hollow rod 24. Through the hollow rod 24 and the scale line 23, the distance of the gap between the stainless steel plate 9 and the intermediate steel liner 6 can be observed with the observation mirror 20, which helps the staff to conduct on-site observation. The force plate 22 drives the hollow rod 24 to extend upward, which makes it convenient for maintenance personnel to observe the specific gap distance between the stainless steel plate 9 and the intermediate steel liner 6.

[0046] Please see Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 Each hollow rod 24 has a stabilizing plate 25 fixedly connected to its outer surface. Each stabilizing plate 25 has six positioning plates 26 fixedly connected to its outer surface. Each positioning shell 21 has several identical slots 27 on its inner wall. Each slot 27 has a connecting seat 29 fixedly connected to its inner wall. Each connecting seat 29 has a miniature constant force spring 30 fixedly connected to its outer surface. Each slot 27 has a positioning plate 28 rotatably connected to its inner wall. The outer surface of each positioning plate 26 contacts the outer surfaces of six of the positioning plates 28. The stabilizing plate 25 ensures the stability of the hollow rod 24 during lifting and lowering. The positioning plates 26 facilitate the positioning of the hollow rod 24. The hollow rod 24 is internally hollow, minimizing its weight and increasing the spring-loaded position of the curved plate 13. For high accuracy, the positioning structure is formed by the slot 27, positioning piece 26, positioning plate 28, and miniature constant force spring 30. When the stabilizing plate 25 moves the positioning piece 26 upward, the positioning piece 26 pushes the positioning plate 28 upward, and the positioning plate 28 flips inward into the slot 27. The force of the positioning plate 28 flipping inward directly acts on the miniature constant force spring 30. Since the initial position of the miniature constant force spring 30 is not in contact with the positioning plate 28 and there is a certain distance between them, the miniature constant force spring 30 only bears a certain pressure after the positioning plate 28 is completely flipped into the slot 27, which greatly increases the rebound accuracy of the arc-shaped piece 13. The surfaces of the positioning shell 21, stabilizing plate 25, positioning piece 26, and positioning plate 28 are all coated with polytetrafluoroethylene coating to further reduce friction and ensure monitoring accuracy.

[0047] Working Principle: In actual use, the upper bearing plate 1, lower bearing plate 2, stainless steel plate 9, PTFE plate 5, steel basin 4, rubber plate 8, and intermediate steel liner plate 6 work together to form a complete bearing system. The rubber plate 8 provides cushioning and other auxiliary functions, helping the bearing better withstand various external impacts. When installing the alarm unit, the detection cylinder 3 is installed first. A first magnetic column 14 is fixed to the inner wall of the detection cylinder 3. With the first magnetic column 14, the detection cylinder 3 can be stably magnetically attracted to the outer surface of the intermediate steel liner plate 6. This ensures the stability of the overall structure of the detection cylinder 3, preventing it from easily shaking or shifting; and also ensures that the detection cylinder 3 can maintain its position during bearing rotation. With the help of the first magnetic post 14, the same angular change or displacement change occurs synchronously with the intermediate steel liner 6 and the stainless steel plate 9, ensuring that the detection cylinder 3 always maintains a perpendicular distance from the stainless steel plate 9. This guarantees that the accuracy of the air gap alarm will not be affected by the rotation of the support. At the same time, when the detection cylinder 3 is magnetically attracted to the intermediate steel liner 6 by the first magnetic post 14, the two second magnetic posts 11 on the outside of the detection cylinder 3 also play a crucial role. They can attract each other to the intermediate steel liner 6 and can slide flexibly inside the arc-shaped groove 10 via the slider 31, ultimately being directly magnetically attracted to the surface of the intermediate steel liner 6. The two second magnetic posts 11 cooperate with the first magnetic post 14 to further enhance the overall adsorption stability of the detection cylinder 3, giving the detection cylinder 3 strong versatility. Even when faced with intermediate steel lining plates 6 of different diameters, three-point adsorption can be achieved to ensure stable adhesion to the intermediate steel lining plate 6. During the inspection of bridge bearings, a buffer spring 15 is fixed to the surface of the normally closed micro switch 17. The top of the buffer spring 15 is in close contact with the bottom surface of the pressure cover 16, effectively enhancing the elasticity of the normally closed micro switch 17 and preventing the arc-shaped plate 13 from weakening due to prolonged pressure. It also buffers minor pressure fluctuations to a certain extent, significantly improving the accuracy of the release detection. The pressure cover 16 and the normally closed micro switch 17 work closely together to accurately transmit pressure. Under normal conditions, the stainless steel plate 9 presses down on the arc-shaped plate 13, causing it to bear force, which in turn directly presses down on the pressure cover 16, ultimately causing the normally closed micro switch 17 to... When position 7 is in the off state, the circuit is broken and no alarm signal will be emitted. When the entire support rotates, the stainless steel plate 9 at the bottom of the upper support plate 1 will rotate synchronously with the middle steel lining plate 6, maintaining the same rotation angle. This characteristic ensures that the relative vertical angle between the arc-shaped piece 13 and the normally closed micro switch 17 remains constant, effectively ensuring that the alarm accuracy is not affected by the rotation of the support and preventing the normally closed micro switch 17 from being falsely triggered or malfunctioning due to angle changes. During the use of the support, if the PTFE plate 5 wears, the stainless steel plate 9 will press down on the detection cylinder 3 and move downwards synchronously. During this process, the arc-shaped piece 13 will not be further compressed, which means that the rebound height required for the alarm remains constant, i.e., the alarm accuracy is not affected by support wear.Once the support detachment height reaches the alarm threshold, the stainless steel plate 9 will detach from the free end of the arc-shaped piece 13 and the top of the detection cylinder 3. At this time, the arc-shaped piece 13 loses the pressure of the stainless steel plate 9, and the pressure cover 16 no longer presses down on the normally closed micro switch 17. Under the upward rebound force of the normally closed micro switch 17 and the buffer spring 15, the pressure cover 16 is pushed upward, causing the arc-shaped piece 13 to extend upward. The state of the normally closed micro switch 17 changes from open to closed, triggering the alarm circuit. The alarm chip in the circuit promptly sends an alarm signal of bridge support detachment to the online signal receiving server. At this time, when the arc-shaped piece 13 detaches... In the case of emptiness, it will drive the force plate 22 to slide upward inside the positioning shell 21 via the transmission plate 19. Multiple scale lines 23 are engraved on the hollow rod 24, which greatly facilitates maintenance personnel in intuitively understanding the specific distance of the stainless steel plate 9 from the void. This effectively assists the measurement work of the arc-shaped plate 13, thereby further accurately measuring the void height of the stainless steel plate 9 based on the void alarm of the arc-shaped plate 13, achieving precise monitoring. During the upward extension of the hollow rod 24, the positioning plate 26 will push the positioning plate 28 upward. At this time, the positioning plate 28 is subjected to the upward squeezing force of the positioning plate 26 and flips into the slot 27. Due to the micro... The constant force spring 30 is initially positioned at a certain distance from the positioning plate 28, so it does not contact the miniature constant force spring 30 when the positioning plate 28 first begins to rotate. This effectively reduces the resistance during the upward movement of the hollow rod 24. When the positioning plate 28 rotates to half its length inside the slot 27, its surface contacts the miniature constant force spring 30. From this point on, the miniature constant force spring 30 begins to bear the compressive force of the positioning plate 28. After the hollow rod 24 stops rising, the force plate 22 descends along with the arc-shaped piece 13. At this time, after the positioning piece 26 passes the positioning plate 28, the positioning plate 28 is subjected to the elastic restoring force of the miniature constant force spring 30 and moves outward. The flipping action directly limits the positioning plate 26, thereby limiting the hollow rod 24. Furthermore, to further optimize performance, the surfaces of the positioning shell 21, stabilizing plate 25, positioning plate 26, and positioning plate 28 are all coated with a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) coating. This coating has an extremely low coefficient of friction, further reducing friction between components. Through the observation mirror 20, maintenance personnel can easily observe the scale and conveniently determine the specific clearance distance. This allows maintenance personnel to make subsequent responses, take targeted measures, effectively reduce safety hazards during bridge use, promptly repair the supports, and safeguard the safe operation of the bridge.

[0048] Based on the above process, this solution provides a bridge bearing detachment alarm method that is unaffected by bearing wear and rotation, specifically including the following steps:

[0049] S1: In actual bridge scenarios, the upper bearing plate 1, lower bearing plate 2, stainless steel plate 9, PTFE plate 5, steel basin 4, rubber plate 8 and intermediate steel lining plate 6 are assembled according to structural requirements so that they work together to form a complete bearing. Among them, rubber plate 8 is responsible for buffering external force impact and ensuring that the bearing can stably cope with various loads.

[0050] S2: When starting to install the alarm unit, install the detection cylinder 3 first. Align the first magnetic column 14 on the inner wall of the detection cylinder 3 with the outer surface of the middle steel liner 6 so that it is magnetically fixed to ensure the structural stability of the detection cylinder 3. At the same time, push the two second magnetic columns 11 on the outer side of the detection cylinder 3 to slide in the arc-shaped groove 10 until they are magnetically attracted to the surface of the middle steel liner 6 to achieve three-point adsorption, enhance versatility and stability, and allow the detection cylinder 3 to change synchronously with the rotation of the support.

[0051] S3: During the preparation stage of bridge bearing detachment detection, a buffer spring 15 is fixed on the surface of the normally closed micro switch 17 to ensure that its top end is in close contact with the pressure cover 16. This structure can not only enhance the elasticity of the micro switch and resist the long-term downward pressure of the arc plate 13, but also buffer the slight pressure fluctuations, improve the accuracy of detachment detection, and lay the foundation for accurate detection.

[0052] S4: Under normal conditions, due to the bridge's own weight and vehicle load, the stainless steel plate 9 presses down on the arc-shaped piece 13 and the pressure cover 16, causing the normally closed micro switch 17 to open, the circuit to break, and there is no alarm signal. When the support rotates, the stainless steel plate 9 and the intermediate steel lining plate 6 rotate synchronously, and the relative vertical angle between the arc-shaped piece 13 and the normally closed micro switch 17 remains unchanged, ensuring that the accuracy of the vacancy alarm is not affected by rotation. In addition, if the PTFE plate 5 is worn, the stainless steel plate 9 drives the detection cylinder 3 to move down, the arc-shaped piece 13 remains in a compressed state, and the alarm rebound height is constant, ensuring accuracy.

[0053] S5: Once the support detachment height reaches the threshold, the stainless steel plate 9 detaches from the top of the arc-shaped piece 13 and the detection cylinder 3. The arc-shaped piece 13 extends upward under the rebound action of the normally closed micro switch 17 and the buffer spring 15, triggering the alarm circuit. The alarm chip in the circuit promptly sends an alarm signal of bridge support detachment to the online signal receiving server. At this time, if the arc-shaped piece 13 detaches, it drives the force plate 22 to slide upward in the positioning shell 21 through the transmission plate 19. The scale line 23 of the hollow rod 24 assists in measuring the specific detachment distance. When the hollow rod 24 extends upward, the positioning piece 26 lifts the positioning plate 28 and flips it in stages. With the help of the miniature constant force spring 30, the resistance is reduced and the limit is achieved. After the maintenance personnel arrive at the site, they can conveniently observe the scale through the observation mirror 20 and carry out subsequent response processing to ensure bridge safety.

[0054] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0055] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A bridge bearing slippage alarm device unaffected by bearing wear and rotation, comprising an upper bearing plate (1) and a lower bearing plate (2), characterized in that: A steel basin (4) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lower support plate (2). A rubber plate (8) is embedded inside the steel basin (4). A brass ring (7) is embedded on the outer surface of the rubber plate (8). The outer surface of the brass ring (7) is in contact with the inner wall of the steel basin (4). A middle steel liner plate (6) is embedded inside the steel basin (4). The bottom surface of the middle steel liner plate (6) is in contact with the upper surface of the rubber plate (8). A PTFE plate (5) is embedded in the groove at the top of the middle steel liner plate (6). A stainless steel plate (9) is welded to the bottom surface of the upper support plate (1). The bottom surface of the stainless steel plate (9) is in contact with the upper surface of the PTFE plate (5). An alarm unit is provided on the outer side of the middle steel liner plate (6). The alarm unit includes two detection cylinders (3), and a first magnetic column (14) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of each detection cylinder (3). Each detection cylinder (3) is attracted to the intermediate steel liner (6) through the first magnetic column (14). Two arc-shaped grooves (10) are opened on the outer surface of each of the detection cylinders (3). A slider (31) is slidably connected inside each of the arc-shaped grooves (10). A second magnetic column (11) is fixedly connected to one end of each slider (31) away from the detection cylinder (3). The outer surface of each second magnetic column (11) is attracted to the outer surface of the intermediate steel liner (6). Each of the detection cylinders (3) is provided with an L-shaped bracket (18) inside, and the inner wall of each L-shaped bracket (18) is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the detection cylinder (3) with two positioning bolts (12). Each L-shaped bracket (18) has a normally closed micro switch (17) fixedly connected to its upper surface. Each normally closed micro switch (17) has a pressure cover (16) rotatably connected to its outer surface. Each normally closed micro switch (17) has a buffer spring (15) fixedly connected to its outer surface. The bottom surface of each pressure cover (16) is in contact with the outer surface of the normally closed micro switch (17) and the top of the buffer spring (15), respectively. An arc-shaped piece (13) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of each pressure cover (16), and one end of each arc-shaped piece (13) and the top of the detection cylinder (3) are in contact with the bottom surface of the stainless steel plate (9).

2. The bridge bearing detachment alarm device unaffected by bearing wear and rotation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the arc-shaped plates (13) has a transmission plate (19) fixedly connected to its inner wall, and a force plate (22) fixedly connected to the outer surface of each of the transmission plates (19). Each of the detection cylinders (3) has an observation mirror (20) and a positioning shell (21) fixedly connected to its inner wall, and the outer surface of each of the force plates (22) is slidably connected to the inside of the positioning shell (21).

3. The bridge bearing detachment alarm device unaffected by bearing wear and rotation according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the positioning shells (21) is provided with a hollow rod (24) inside. The outer surface of each hollow rod (24) is engraved with the same scale line (23). The upper surface of each force plate (22) is in contact with the bottom end of the hollow rod (24).

4. The bridge bearing detachment alarm device according to claim 3, which is unaffected by bearing wear and rotation, is characterized in that: Each hollow rod (24) has a stabilizing plate (25) fixedly connected to its outer surface. Each stabilizing plate (25) has six positioning pieces (26) fixedly connected to its outer surface. Each positioning shell (21) has several identical slots (27) on its inner wall. Each slot (27) has a connecting seat (29) fixedly connected to its inner wall. Each connecting seat (29) has a miniature constant force spring (30) fixedly connected to its outer surface. Each slot (27) has a positioning plate (28) rotatably connected to its inner wall. The outer surface of each positioning piece (26) is in contact with the outer surfaces of six of the positioning plates (28).

5. A bridge bearing detachment alarm method unaffected by bearing wear and rotation, employing the bridge bearing detachment alarm device unaffected by bearing wear and rotation as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1: In actual bridge scenarios, the upper bearing plate (1), lower bearing plate (2), stainless steel plate (9), PTFE plate (5), steel basin (4), rubber plate (8) and intermediate steel lining plate (6) are assembled according to structural requirements so that they work together to form a complete bearing. Among them, the rubber plate (8) is responsible for buffering external force impact and ensuring that the bearing can stably cope with various loads. S2: When starting to install the alarm unit, install the detection cylinder (3) first. Align the first magnetic column (14) on the inner wall of the detection cylinder (3) with the outer surface of the middle steel liner (6) so that it is magnetically fixed to ensure the stability of the detection cylinder (3). At the same time, push the two second magnetic columns (11) on the outer side of the detection cylinder (3) to slide in the arc-shaped groove (10) until they are magnetically attracted to the surface of the middle steel liner (6) to achieve three-point adsorption, enhance versatility and stability, and allow the detection cylinder (3) to change synchronously with the rotation of the support. S3: During the preparation stage of bridge bearing detachment detection, a buffer spring (15) is fixed on the surface of the normally closed micro switch (17) to ensure that its top end is in close contact with the pressure cover (16). This structure can enhance the elasticity of the micro switch, resist the long-term downward pressure of the arc plate (13), and buffer the slight pressure fluctuations, improve the accuracy of detachment detection, and lay the foundation for accurate detection. S4: Under normal conditions, due to the bridge's own weight and vehicle load, the stainless steel plate (9) presses down on the arc plate (13) and pressure cover (16), causing the normally closed micro switch (17) to open, the circuit to break, and there is no alarm signal. When the support rotates, the stainless steel plate (9) and the intermediate steel lining plate (6) rotate synchronously. The relative vertical angle between the arc plate (13) and the normally closed micro switch (17) remains unchanged, ensuring that the accuracy of the air gap alarm is not affected by the rotation. In addition, if the PTFE plate (5) is worn, the stainless steel plate (9) drives the detection cylinder (3) to move down. The arc plate (13) remains in a compressed state, and the alarm rebound height is constant, ensuring accuracy. S5: Once the support detachment height reaches the threshold, the stainless steel plate (9) detaches from the top of the arc plate (13) and the detection cylinder (3). The arc plate (13) extends upward under the rebound action of the normally closed micro switch (17) and the buffer spring (15), triggering the alarm circuit. The alarm chip in the circuit promptly sends an alarm signal of bridge support detachment to the online signal receiving server. At this time, if the arc plate (13) detaches, it drives the force plate (22) to slide upward in the positioning shell (21) through the transmission plate (19). The scale line (23) of the hollow rod (24) assists in measuring the detachment distance. When the hollow rod (24) extends upward, the positioning plate (26) lifts the positioning plate (28) and flips it in stages. With the help of the micro constant force spring (30), the resistance is reduced and the limit is achieved. After the maintenance personnel arrive at the site, they can conveniently observe the scale through the observation mirror (20) and carry out response processing to ensure the safety of the bridge.

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