Natural ventilation and heat dissipation structure for main transformer chamber of transformer substation

Abstract

The invention provides a natural ventilation and heat dissipation structure for a main transformer chamber of a transformer substation, which belongs to the technical field of transformers and comprises a transformer chamber, a ventilation chimney, a mounting foundation, a supporting foundation, a ventilation foundation and an air inlet shaft. A supporting foundation horizontally extending towards the inner side is arranged in the circumferential direction of the bottom of the transformer chamber, and a mounting foundation is arranged in the center of the bottom of the transformer chamber; a flow guide hole is formed in the ventilation foundation and communicates with an air inlet cavity below the ventilation foundation and an installation cavity above the ventilation foundation. According to the natural ventilation and heat dissipation structure for the main transformer chamber of the transformer substation, cold air directly flows towards the transformer body after passing through the flow guide holes and uniformly and efficiently acts on the bottom and the surrounding area of the main transformer, and the heat exchange efficiency is remarkably improved; and the transformer is ensured to keep a relatively low working temperature under high-load operation, so that the service life of equipment is prolonged, the operation stability is improved, and the energy consumption is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of transformers, and more specifically, relates to a natural ventilation and heat dissipation structure of a main transformer room of a transformer substation. Background Art

[0002] In the power system, substations are key nodes for power transmission and distribution, and the stable operation of their internal equipment, especially the main transformer, is crucial. The main transformer generates a lot of heat during operation. If it cannot be dissipated in time and effectively, it will not only affect the service life of the transformer, but also may cause safety hazards.

[0003] The ventilation and heat dissipation design of the main transformer room of a traditional substation often has problems such as uneven heat dissipation, high energy consumption, and complex maintenance. These problems are particularly prominent in hot seasons or under high-load operation. Therefore, developing a ventilation structure that can effectively dissipate heat and reduce energy consumption is of great significance to improving the safety and economy of substations. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a natural ventilation and heat dissipation structure for a main transformer room of a substation, aiming to solve the problem of uneven heat dissipation in the main transformer room of the substation.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a natural ventilation and heat dissipation structure of the main transformer room of a substation, including a transformer room, a ventilation chimney, a mounting foundation, a supporting foundation, a ventilation foundation and an air inlet shaft; the circumference of the bottom of the transformer room has a supporting foundation extending horizontally inward, and the supporting foundation is spaced apart from the ground of the transformer room; the center of the bottom of the transformer room has a mounting foundation, and the top of the mounting foundation fixes the transformer body; the ventilation foundation is arranged in a ring around the circumference of the mounting foundation, the inner side of the ventilation foundation is connected to the mounting foundation, and the outer side of the ventilation foundation is connected to the supporting foundation; a guide hole is opened on the ventilation foundation, and the guide hole connects the air inlet cavity below the ventilation foundation and the mounting cavity above the ventilation foundation, and the outlet end of the guide hole faces the transformer body; the air inlet shaft is located on the side of the transformer room, the upper end of the air inlet shaft has an air inlet, and the lower end of the air inlet shaft is connected to the air inlet cavity; the ventilation chimney is located at the top of the transformer room and is connected to the mounting cavity.

[0006] As another embodiment of the present application, the ventilation base includes a support frame and a support body, the support frame is a mesh sheet, the inner edge of the support frame is connected to the installation base, and the outer edge of the support frame is connected to the support base; the support body is a block structure, the support body is evenly laid on the upper end of the support frame to form at least one layer of support structure, and the guide hole is formed inside the support body or between two adjacent support bodies; when the support structure has multiple layers, the guide holes of the multiple layers of the support structure are longitudinally connected.

[0007] As another embodiment of the present application, the support body is a floor tile, at least one pair of side walls of the floor tile is provided with a guide groove, and the two guide grooves are symmetrical; the length direction of the guide groove is set at an angle with the vertical direction, and the guide groove passes through the upper end face and the lower end face of the floor tile; the flow cross-section of the guide groove is semicircular, two adjacent floor tiles are spliced, and the guide grooves on the two opposite side walls are spliced ​​to form the guide hole.

[0008] As another embodiment of the present application, a drainage hole is opened in the middle of the floor tile, and both ends of the drainage hole extend to the lower end surface of the floor tile and the upper end surface of the floor tile respectively, and the length direction of the drainage hole is set at an angle with the height direction of the floor tile; the drainage holes are arranged in a plurality of groups at equal intervals along the length direction of the floor tile, and each group of the drainage holes has a plurality of holes arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the floor tile.

[0009] As another embodiment of the present application, the ventilation base also includes a microporous air supply plate, which is located above the supporting body. The microporous air supply plate has a plurality of ventilation holes, and the ventilation holes penetrate the microporous air supply plate longitudinally; the density of the ventilation holes gradually decreases from the side close to the installation base toward the side of the supporting base.

[0010] As another embodiment of the present application, an auxiliary bracket is installed above the support body, and the auxiliary bracket is a mesh sheet. The inner side of the auxiliary bracket extends to the outer side of the installation base, and the outer side of the auxiliary bracket extends to the inner side of the support base; the auxiliary bracket has a support foot, and the support foot is connected to the upper end surface of the support body; the upper end surface of the auxiliary bracket has a plurality of inclined areas, and the microporous air supply plate is attached to the upper end surface of the auxiliary bracket, the microporous air supply plate is parallel to the upper end surface of the auxiliary bracket, and the microporous air supply plate is perpendicular to the outlet direction of the guide hole.

[0011] As another embodiment of the present application, the ventilation base also includes an air guide system, which is located below the support body. The air guide system includes a bracket and a plurality of guide plates. The bracket is fixed between the mounting base and the supporting base. The plurality of guide plates are evenly spaced along the length direction of the bracket. The middle portion of the guide plate has a hinge axis arranged along the width direction of the bracket, and both ends of the hinge axis are rotatably connected to the bracket; the plurality of guide plates rotate around the hinge axis to adjust the flow cross-section of the air guide system.

[0012] As another embodiment of the present application, the cross-section of the mounting base is rectangular, and the outer side of each side wall of the mounting base is provided with the bracket, and the bracket is parallel to and has the same length as the side wall of the mounting base close to the bracket; the length direction of the bracket is consistent with the length direction of the side wall of the mounting base close to the bracket, and the hinge axis is perpendicular to the length direction of the bracket.

[0013] As another embodiment of the present application, there are multiple air inlet shafts, and the multiple air inlet shafts are evenly distributed around the transformer room, and the lower ends of the multiple air inlet shafts are connected with the air inlet cavity by means of transverse guide cavities respectively; the upper end of the guide cavity is flush with the lower end surface of the ventilation base, and the lower end of the guide cavity is flush with the bottom end of the air inlet cavity; rainproof louvers are installed at the air inlet at the upper end of the air inlet shaft; the upper end surface of the air inlet shaft is lower than the upper end surface of the mounting base.

[0014] As another embodiment of the present application, the upper end of the ventilation chimney is higher than the top of the transformer chamber; the upper end of the ventilation chimney is provided with an exhaust hood.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the natural ventilation and heat dissipation structure of the main transformer room of the substation provided by the present invention are: compared with the prior art, the natural ventilation and heat dissipation structure of the main transformer room of the substation provided by the present invention divides the air inlet chamber and the installation chamber through a ventilation foundation, and connects the air inlet chamber and the installation chamber with the help of a guide hole, so that the cold air flows directly toward the transformer body after passing through the guide hole, and acts evenly and efficiently on the bottom and surrounding areas of the main transformer, which significantly improves the heat exchange efficiency; the hot air can be smoothly discharged to the outside with the assistance of the heightened design of the ventilation chimney, further enhancing the heat dissipation effect; ensuring that the transformer can maintain a low operating temperature even under high load operation, thereby extending the service life of the equipment and improving the operating stability, and greatly reducing energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the natural ventilation and heat dissipation structure of the main transformer room of a substation provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a floor tile provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1. Transformer room; 2. Ventilation chimney; 3. Exhaust hood; 4. Transformer body; 5. Installation foundation; 6. Support foundation; 7. Air inlet shaft; 8. Guide plate; 9. Support body; 10. Guide groove; 11. Microporous air supply plate; 12. Drainage hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0020] See also Figures 1 to 3 , the natural ventilation and heat dissipation structure of the main transformer room of the substation provided by the present invention is now described. The natural ventilation and heat dissipation structure of the main transformer room of the substation includes a transformer room 1, a ventilation chimney 2, a mounting foundation 5, a support foundation 6, a ventilation foundation and an air inlet shaft 7; the circumference of the bottom of the transformer room 1 has a support foundation 6 extending horizontally inward, and the support foundation 6 is arranged at a distance from the ground of the transformer room 1; the center of the bottom of the transformer room 1 has a mounting foundation 5, and the top of the mounting foundation 5 is fixed with a transformer body 4; the ventilation foundation is arranged in a ring around the circumference of the mounting foundation 5, the inner side of the ventilation foundation is connected to the mounting foundation 5, and the outer side of the ventilation foundation is connected to the support foundation 6; a guide hole is opened on the ventilation foundation, and the guide hole connects the air inlet cavity below the ventilation foundation and the mounting cavity above the ventilation foundation, and the outlet end of the guide hole faces the transformer body 4; the air inlet shaft 7 is located on the side of the transformer room 1, and the upper end of the air inlet shaft 7 has an air inlet, and the lower end of the air inlet shaft 7 is connected to the air inlet cavity; the ventilation chimney 2 is located at the top of the transformer room 1 and is connected to the mounting cavity.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the natural ventilation and heat dissipation structure of the main transformer room of the substation provided by the present invention has an air inlet shaft 7, an inner cavity of the transformer room 1 and a ventilation chimney 2 connected in sequence to form a ventilation and heat dissipation system; outdoor cold air enters the inner cavity of the transformer room 1 from the air inlet shaft 7, exchanges heat with the heat emitted by the transformer in the transformer room 1 to form hot air, and then is discharged from the ventilation chimney 2; the ventilation and heat dissipation structure is divided into an air inlet chamber and an installation chamber by a ventilation foundation, and the air inlet chamber and the installation chamber are connected by means of a guide hole, so that the cold air flows directly toward the transformer body 4 after passing through the guide hole, and acts evenly and efficiently on the bottom of the main transformer and the surrounding area, which significantly improves the heat exchange efficiency; the hot air can be smoothly discharged to the outside with the assistance of the heightened design of the ventilation chimney 2, which further enhances the heat dissipation effect; it ensures that the transformer can maintain a low operating temperature even under high load operation, thereby extending the service life of the equipment and improving the operating stability, and greatly reducing energy consumption.

[0022] The entire ventilation and heat dissipation structure forms a complete circulation system. External cold air enters the bottom of the transformer room 1 through the air inlet and the air inlet shaft 7, and evenly rises and flows around the main transformer after heat exchange with the soil through the ventilation foundation. In this process, the cold air continuously absorbs and takes away the heat generated by the main transformer, and is finally discharged to the outside through the ventilation chimney 2. This cyclic ventilation and heat dissipation method not only realizes the effective transfer and dissipation of heat, but also ensures that the temperature of the transformer room 1 is always kept within a safe range and improves the ventilation efficiency in the transformer room 1.

[0023] In some possible embodiments, see Figure 1 The ground inside the transformer room 1 is the oil collecting tank ground. An installation foundation 5 is set in the center of the oil collecting tank ground. The installation foundation 5 can be made of reinforced concrete or brick material. The installation foundation 5 extends longitudinally. The top of the installation foundation 5 is used as a mounting surface to fix the transformer body 4.

[0024] On the side wall inside the transformer chamber 1, there is a support base 6 extending horizontally inward, and the support base 6 is made of reinforced concrete or brick material. The cross section of the transformer chamber 1 is rectangular, and the cross section of the installation base 5 at the center of the transformer chamber 1 is rectangular. The inner side wall of the transformer chamber 1 includes four circumferential side walls, and two adjacent circumferential side walls are vertically distributed; each circumferential side wall has a plate-like support structure extending horizontally inward, that is, the support base 6; the support base 6 is a hollow rectangular structure with four right-angled sides. There is a flow space between the inner side of the support base 6 and the installation base 5 for accommodating air flow, and the flow space is a hollow rectangular structure, and the flow space is arranged around the circumference of the installation base 5.

[0025] A ventilation foundation is horizontally arranged in the flow space area, and the ventilation foundation is used to connect the installation foundation 5 and the support foundation 6. The installation cavity and the air inlet cavity are separated on the ventilation foundation, and the air inlet cavity and the installation cavity are connected by means of the guide holes opened on the ventilation foundation, so that the cold air in the air inlet cavity can smoothly enter the installation cavity and cool the transformer body 4 in the installation cavity. After heat exchange, the temperature of the transformer body 4 decreases, and the air temperature increases to form high-temperature gas, which flows upward and is discharged from the chimney.

[0026] The ventilation foundation includes a support frame and a support body 9. The support frame is a mesh sheet, the inner edge of the support frame is connected to the installation base 5, and the outer edge of the support frame is connected to the support base 6; the support body 9 is a block structure, and the support body 9 is evenly laid on the upper end of the support frame to form at least one layer of support structure, and a guide hole is formed inside the support body 9 or between two adjacent support bodies 9; when the support structure has multiple layers, the guide holes of the multiple layers of the support structure are longitudinally connected.

[0027] The support frame is used to be fixed on the installation base 5 and the support base 6. The support frame can be a mesh sheet composed of multiple steel bars. The multiple steel bars may include a part of transverse bars and a part of longitudinal bars. The transverse bars and the longitudinal bars are vertically welded and fixed. The ends of the transverse bars and the longitudinal bars are both equipped with angle irons, and the connection strength between them and the installation base 5 / support base 6 is increased by the angle irons. Or the support frame can be a mesh sheet composed of multiple angle irons welded together. The multiple angle irons include transverse angle irons and longitudinal angle irons, and the transverse angle irons and the longitudinal angle irons are vertically welded. The transverse angle iron is located at the upper end of the longitudinal angle iron, and the lower end of the transverse angle iron has a horizontal plane. There is a corner structure for bearing the support body 9 at the upper end of the transverse angle iron.

[0028] The support bodies 9 are multiple block structures, which are evenly arranged on the support frame. The support bodies 9 have longitudinal flow guide holes or flow guide holes are formed between two adjacent support bodies 9.

[0029] The support body 9 is a floor tile, and a guide groove 10 is opened on at least one pair of side walls of the floor tile, and the two guide grooves 10 are symmetrical; the length direction of the guide groove 10 is set at an angle with the vertical direction, and the guide groove 10 runs through the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the floor tile; the flow cross-section of the guide groove 10 is semicircular, and two adjacent floor tiles are spliced, and the guide grooves 10 on the two opposite side walls are spliced ​​to form a guide hole.

[0030] When the support body 9 is a floor tile, a guide groove 10 is provided on the side of the floor tile, and the guide groove 10 runs through the upper and lower end surfaces of the floor tile. The guide groove 10 cooperates with the adjacent support body 9 structure to form a guide hole to achieve the connection between the air inlet cavity and the installation cavity. The guide groove 10 extends in an inclined direction, and the guide hole formed by the guide groove 10 is in an inclined direction.

[0031] Optionally, the inclination direction of the guide hole is toward the tangential direction of the transformer body 4, and the multiple guide holes are inclined in a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction, guiding the cold air to form a spiral upward flow trajectory when flowing through the floor tiles. The inclined arrangement of the guide holes not only increases the contact area between the air and the floor tiles and the soil below, but also prolongs the residence time of the air under the floor tiles in a spiral upward manner, thereby achieving more sufficient heat exchange.

[0032] A drainage hole 12 is opened in the middle of the floor tile, and the two ends of the drainage hole 12 extend to the lower end surface and the upper end surface of the floor tile respectively. The length direction of the drainage hole 12 is set at an angle with the height direction of the floor tile; a plurality of groups of drainage holes 12 are evenly spaced along the length direction of the floor tile, and each group of drainage holes 12 has a plurality of holes evenly spaced along the width direction of the floor tile.

[0033] The direction of the drainage holes 12 is toward the tangential direction of the transformer body 4, and the plurality of drainage holes 12 are inclined in a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction. The drainage holes 12 are parallel to the flow guide holes, the flow guide holes are distributed at the edge of the floor tile, the drainage holes 12 are located inside the floor tile, and the flow area of ​​the drainage holes 12 is smaller than the flow area of ​​the flow guide holes. The outlet ends of the drainage holes 12 and the flow guide holes may be provided with orifice plates, which are used to disperse the large airflow in the hole into multiple small airflows.

[0034] In some possible embodiments, see Figure 1 The ventilation base also includes a microporous air supply plate 11, which is located above the support body 9. The microporous air supply plate has multiple ventilation holes, and the ventilation holes penetrate the microporous air supply plate 11 longitudinally; the density of the ventilation holes gradually decreases from the side close to the installation base 5 toward the side of the supporting base 6.

[0035] A microporous air supply plate 11 is introduced above the porous floor tiles. The microporous air supply plate 11 is densely covered with multiple longitudinal ventilation holes, which can evenly spray the pre-cooled cold air around the main transformer in the form of fine airflow; and the flow area of ​​the ventilation holes is much smaller than the flow area of ​​the drainage holes 12 and the guide holes. The angle and position of the microporous air supply plate 11 ensure that the cold air can flow close to the surface of the transformer, maximizing the heat exchange efficiency. At the same time, the design of the microporous air supply plate 11 disperses the airflow into multiple small airflows, reducing airflow disturbances and eddy currents, making the air flow more stable and orderly.

[0036] The change in the density of the ventilation holes creates a situation where the flow rate of the surrounding air gradually decreases from the inside to the outside with the transformer as the center, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the transformer.

[0037] In some possible embodiments, see Figure 1An auxiliary bracket is installed above the support body 9, and the auxiliary bracket is a mesh sheet. The inner side of the auxiliary bracket extends to the outer side of the installation base 5, and the outer side of the auxiliary bracket extends to the inner side of the supporting base 6; the auxiliary bracket has a support foot, and the support foot is connected to the upper end surface of the support body 9; the upper end surface of the auxiliary bracket has multiple inclined areas, and the microporous air supply plate 11 is attached to the upper end surface of the auxiliary bracket, the microporous air supply plate 11 is parallel to the upper end surface of the auxiliary bracket, and the microporous air supply plate 11 is perpendicular to the outlet direction of the guide hole.

[0038] The auxiliary bracket installed above the support body 9 is used to fix the microporous air supply plate 11. Under the support of the auxiliary bracket, there is a buffer gap between the microporous air supply plate 11 and the upper end surface of the floor tile to facilitate uniform airflow.

[0039] The upper end surface of the auxiliary bracket is in a horizontal state or multiple inclined areas connected in sequence. When the upper end surface of the auxiliary bracket is in a horizontal state, the height of the auxiliary bracket is consistent, and the microporous air supply plate 11 is horizontally laid on the upper end of the auxiliary bracket. When the upper end surface of the auxiliary bracket is multiple inclined areas connected in sequence, the inclination includes radial inclination and circumferential inclination.

[0040] The inscribed circle of the mounting base 5 is used as the basis, and an auxiliary bracket is formed on its periphery, and the inclination of the upper end face of the auxiliary bracket is achieved by changing the height value of each point of the auxiliary bracket. The first method is to incline along the radial direction, that is, the radial direction of the inscribed circle of the mounting base 5 is used as the extension direction, and the upper end face of the auxiliary bracket gradually rises from the inside to the outside in this extension direction, so that the microporous air supply plate 11 forms a funnel-shaped structure, so that the cold air ejected from the ventilation hole is all directed toward the transformer body 4. The second method is to incline along the circumferential direction, that is, the radial direction of the inscribed circle of the mounting base 5 is used as the extension direction, and the auxiliary bracket is composed of multiple units, and the upper end face of each unit gradually increases in the clockwise direction or counterclockwise direction, so that the inclination direction is perpendicular to the radial direction; the upper end face of each unit forms an inclined area. Or the first inclination method and the second inclination method are combined to achieve circumferential inclination while inclining radially.

[0041] The support leg at the lower end of the auxiliary bracket is used to support on the floor tiles to maintain the stability of the microporous sealing plate. The lower end of the support leg of the auxiliary bracket has a fixed structure, which is a structure protruding downward from the lower end of the support leg, which is clamped in the gap between adjacent floor tiles to increase the connection strength between the support leg and the floor tiles. The fixed structure includes a one-byte node, a cross node and a T-shaped node. The different heights of the support legs cause the upper end surface of the auxiliary bracket to form an inclined state. There is a height difference at the connection between two adjacent auxiliary brackets.

[0042] The microporous air supply plate 11 is perpendicular to the air outlet direction of the guide hole, and receives the gas ejected from the guide hole and divides the gas into multiple small air flows. Under the action of the auxiliary bracket, the ventilation holes of the microporous air supply plate 11 face the surrounding of the transformer body 4 to ensure that the air can flow along the surface of the transformer and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0043] In addition, a buffer cavity is formed between the microporous air supply plate 11 and the floor tiles, and the cold air in the buffer cavity can further cool the floor tiles.

[0044] In some possible embodiments, see Figure 1 The ventilation base also includes an air guide system, which is located below the support body 9. The air guide system includes a bracket and a plurality of guide plates 8. The bracket is fixed between the mounting base 5 and the supporting base 6. The plurality of guide plates 8 are evenly spaced along the length direction of the bracket. The middle part of the guide plate 8 has a hinge axis arranged along the width direction of the bracket, and both ends of the hinge axis are rotatably connected to the bracket; the plurality of guide plates 8 rotate around the hinge axis to adjust the flow cross-section of the air guide system.

[0045] The air guide system is below the support body 9 and the support frame; the support of the air guide system is horizontally arranged and connected to the mounting base 5 and the supporting base 6, and a plurality of guide plates 8 are evenly installed on the support and can be rotated and adjusted. The air guide system optimizes the flow direction and flow rate of the cold air by adjusting the angle of the guide plates 8.

[0046] The bracket can be made of steel bars or angle steel. The bracket forms a plurality of guide plate 8 installation areas, the guide plates 8 are hinged in the guide plate 8 installation areas, and a rubber damper is provided between the hinge shaft and the bracket.

[0047] Specifically, the cross-section of the mounting base 5 is rectangular, and each mounting base 5 has a bracket on the outer side of the side wall, the bracket is parallel to the side wall of the mounting base 5 close to the bracket and has the same length; the length direction of the bracket is consistent with the length direction of the side wall of the mounting base 5 close to the bracket, and the hinge axis is perpendicular to the length direction of the bracket.

[0048] The bracket of the guide plate 8 is equipped with a driving motor and a driving gear set; the driving gear set includes a driving gear, a rack and a plurality of driven gears, the driving gear is connected to the driving motor and fixed to the bracket by the driving motor; the rack is slidably matched with the bracket, and the rack is meshed with the driving gear, and is driven by the driving gear to move laterally; the driven gear is installed at the end of each hinge shaft and meshes with the rack. When the driving gear rotates, it drives the rack to move laterally, and then drives the driven gear and the hinge shaft to rotate synchronously to adjust the angle of the guide plate 8. The driving motor is connected to the control system outside the transformer room 1, and the opening and closing of the driving motor is controlled by the control system.

[0049] The angle can be automatically adjusted according to the external temperature and transformer load to optimize the flow direction of the cold air. The gap between the guide plates 8 is carefully designed and limited to a width of 30mm-80mm to ensure that the cold air can be evenly distributed and accurately flow to each key heat dissipation area of ​​the main transformer. This design not only avoids local airflow obstruction or overheating areas that may occur in traditional ventilation methods, but also significantly improves the uniformity and efficiency of overall heat dissipation.

[0050] In some possible embodiments, see Figure 1 There are multiple air inlet shafts 7, which are evenly distributed in the circumference of the transformer chamber 1, and the lower ends of the multiple air inlet shafts 7 are connected with the air inlet cavity by means of transverse guide cavities; the upper end of the guide cavity is flush with the lower end surface of the ventilation foundation, and the lower end of the guide cavity is flush with the bottom end of the air inlet cavity; rainproof shutters are installed at the air inlet of the upper end of the air inlet shaft 7; the upper end surface of the air inlet shaft 7 is lower than the upper end surface of the installation foundation 5.

[0051] A plurality of air inlet shafts 7 are arranged around the transformer chamber 1. The air inlet shafts 7 extend above the ground, and the upper end of the air inlet shaft 7 has an air inlet, at which rainproof shutters are installed to prevent rainwater from entering. One end of the guide cavity is connected to the lower end of the air inlet shaft 7, and the other end is connected to the air inlet cavity. After the cold air enters the guide cavity from the air inlet shaft 7, it enters the installation cavity through the guide hole to cool the transformer body 4.

[0052] The design of the rainproof louver air inlet and the air inlet shaft 7 introduces fresh air from the outdoor environment into the transformer room 1, while effectively blocking rainwater from entering, ensuring the continuity and stability of the ventilation system. The air inlet and the air inlet shaft 7 are evenly distributed on the four sides of the substation building, ensuring the balanced flow of air and avoiding the occurrence of local overheating.

[0053] As for the air outlet of the transformer chamber 1, it is arranged at the top of the transformer chamber 1. Specifically, a ventilation chimney 2 is arranged at the top of the transformer chamber 1. The ventilation chimney 2 is arranged longitudinally and extends upward to exceed the top of the transformer chamber 1, and an exhaust hood 3 is provided at the upper end of the ventilation chimney 2.

[0054] The ventilation chimneys 2 may be arranged in one group or in multiple groups, and the multiple groups of ventilation chimneys 2 are arranged at equal intervals.

[0055] The heightened design of the ventilation chimney 2 enhances the effect of thermal buoyancy, allowing hot air to rise smoothly and be discharged outdoors. At the same time, the exhaust cap 3 prevents rainwater from flowing back into the ventilation system and prevents debris from accumulating and affecting the ventilation effect. This design not only improves the efficiency of natural ventilation, but also reduces the difficulty and cost of later maintenance.

[0056] The natural ventilation heat dissipation structure of the main transformer room of the substation provided by the present invention significantly improves the heat dissipation efficiency: by introducing the fine guide groove 10 of the floor tile, the air guide system and the microporous air supply plate 11 and other structures, the fine control of the air flow trajectory is achieved, so that the cold air can directly, evenly and efficiently act on the bottom and surrounding areas of the transformer, significantly improving the heat exchange efficiency; the hot air can be smoothly discharged outdoors with the assistance of the heightened design of the ventilation chimney 2 and the exhaust cap 3, further enhancing the heat dissipation effect, and at the same time, the design of the rainproof louver air inlet and the exhaust cap 3 also effectively prevents rainwater intrusion and debris accumulation, reducing the risk of failure caused by external environmental factors. This all-round heat dissipation method ensures that the transformer can maintain a low operating temperature under high load operation, effectively reduces the safety hazards caused by overheating of the transformer, and improves the overall stability and reliability of the substation; thereby extending the service life of the equipment and improving the operating stability, greatly reducing energy consumption. In addition, the present invention utilizes the principles of natural ventilation and soil heat storage for heat dissipation, and can achieve efficient heat dissipation without additional energy consumption. This not only reduces the operating cost of the substation, but also conforms to the current trend of green and low-carbon energy development.

[0057] The entire ventilation and heat dissipation structure adopts a modular design concept. The components are tightly connected and easy to disassemble and replace, which improves construction efficiency, facilitates subsequent maintenance and overhaul work, and reduces maintenance costs. It has broad prospects for promotion and application.

[0058] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The natural ventilation and heat dissipation structure of the main transformer room of the substation is characterized by: It includes a transformer room, a ventilation chimney, a mounting foundation, a supporting foundation, a ventilation foundation and an air inlet shaft; the circumference of the bottom of the transformer room is provided with a supporting foundation extending horizontally inward, and the supporting foundation is spaced apart from the ground of the transformer room; the center of the bottom of the transformer room is provided with a mounting foundation, and the top of the mounting foundation is fixed with a transformer body; the ventilation foundation is arranged in a ring around the circumference of the mounting foundation, the inner side of the ventilation foundation is connected to the mounting foundation, and the outer side of the ventilation foundation is connected to the supporting foundation; a guide hole is opened on the ventilation foundation, and the guide hole connects the air inlet cavity below the ventilation foundation and the mounting cavity above the ventilation foundation, and the outlet end of the guide hole faces the transformer body; the air inlet shaft is located on the side of the transformer room, the upper end of the air inlet shaft is provided with an air inlet, and the lower end of the air inlet shaft is connected to the air inlet cavity; the ventilation chimney is located at the top of the transformer room and is connected to the mounting cavity.

2. The natural ventilation and heat dissipation structure of the main transformer room of a substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation foundation comprises a support frame and a support body, the support frame is a mesh sheet, the inner edge of the support frame is connected to the installation foundation, and the outer edge of the support frame is connected to the support foundation; The support body is a block structure, and the support body is evenly laid on the upper end of the support frame to form at least one layer of support structure, and the guide holes are formed inside the support body or between two adjacent support bodies; when the support structure has multiple layers, the guide holes of the multiple layers of the support structure are longitudinally connected.

3. The natural ventilation and heat dissipation structure of the main transformer room of a substation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support body is a floor tile, and at least one pair of side walls of the floor tile is provided with a guide groove, and the two guide grooves are symmetrical; the length direction of the guide groove is set at an angle with the vertical direction, and the guide groove passes through the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the floor tile; the flow cross-section of the guide groove is semicircular, and two adjacent floor tiles are spliced, and the guide grooves on the two opposite side walls are spliced ​​to form the guide hole.

4. The natural ventilation and heat dissipation structure of the main transformer room of a substation according to claim 3, characterized in that: A drainage hole is opened in the middle of the floor tile, and the two ends of the drainage hole extend to the lower end surface of the floor tile and the upper end surface of the floor tile respectively. The length direction of the drainage hole is set at an angle with the height direction of the floor tile; the drainage holes are arranged in multiple groups at equal intervals along the length direction of the floor tile, and each group of the drainage holes has a plurality of holes arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the floor tile.

5. The natural ventilation and heat dissipation structure of the main transformer room of a substation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ventilation base also includes a microporous air supply plate, which is located above the support body. The microporous air supply plate has a plurality of ventilation holes, which penetrate the microporous air supply plate longitudinally. The density of the ventilation holes gradually decreases from the side close to the installation base toward the side of the support base.

6. The natural ventilation and heat dissipation structure of the main transformer room of a substation according to claim 5, characterized in that: An auxiliary bracket is installed above the support body, and the auxiliary bracket is a mesh sheet. The inner side of the auxiliary bracket extends to the outer side of the installation base, and the outer side of the auxiliary bracket extends to the inner side of the support base; the auxiliary bracket has a support foot, and the support foot is connected to the upper end surface of the support body; the upper end surface of the auxiliary bracket has a plurality of inclined areas, and the microporous air supply plate is attached to the upper end surface of the auxiliary bracket, the microporous air supply plate is parallel to the upper end surface of the auxiliary bracket, and the microporous air supply plate is perpendicular to the outlet direction of the guide hole.

7. The natural ventilation and heat dissipation structure of the main transformer room of a substation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ventilation base also includes an air guide system, which is located below the support body. The air guide system includes a bracket and a plurality of guide plates. The bracket is fixed between the mounting base and the supporting base. The plurality of guide plates are evenly spaced along the length direction of the bracket. The middle portion of the guide plate has a hinge axis arranged along the width direction of the bracket, and both ends of the hinge axis are rotatably connected to the bracket; the plurality of guide plates rotate around the hinge axis to adjust the flow cross-section of the air guide system.

8. The natural ventilation and heat dissipation structure of the main transformer room of a substation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cross-section of the mounting base is rectangular, and each side wall of the mounting base is provided with the bracket on the outer side. The bracket is parallel to and has the same length as the side wall of the mounting base close to the bracket. The length direction of the bracket is consistent with the length direction of the side wall of the mounting base close to the bracket, and the hinge axis is perpendicular to the length direction of the bracket.

9. The natural ventilation and heat dissipation structure of the main transformer room of a substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple air inlet shafts, and the multiple air inlet shafts are evenly distributed around the transformer room, and the lower ends of the multiple air inlet shafts are connected with the air inlet cavity by means of transverse guide cavities respectively; the upper end of the guide cavity is flush with the lower end surface of the ventilation base, and the lower end of the guide cavity is flush with the bottom end of the air inlet cavity; rainproof louvers are installed at the air inlet at the upper end of the air inlet shaft; the upper end surface of the air inlet shaft is lower than the upper end surface of the mounting base.

10. The natural ventilation and heat dissipation structure of the main transformer room of a substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the ventilation chimney is higher than the top of the transformer chamber; the upper end of the ventilation chimney is provided with an exhaust hood.

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