A quick assembly method for shaft-type porous parts

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tooling and clamps, and discloses a quick-installation method for shaft-type porous parts. The method sets the coaxiality of a threaded sleeve and a collet and uses a push rod to limit the axial position of a target workpiece. After the push rod is positioned and the alignment is completed, the target workpiece does not need to be aligned and aligned again when clamped without artificial loosening, thereby improving the processing efficiency. The method also uses a quick-installation clamp composed of a threaded sleeve, a nut and a collet to form a conversion clamping in the axial direction, thereby achieving axial extension of the target workpiece during clamping, preventing interference between the tool and the chuck, and improving the effect of the application range of the tool.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tooling fixtures, in particular to a quick-installation method for shaft-type porous parts. Background Art

[0002] When machining multi-hole shaft parts with machining center or drilling center, refer to Figure 1 , porous shaft parts are directly fixed by the claws of the chuck. Due to the limitations of workpiece size and processing position requirements, the processing tool and tool holder are prone to interfere with the chuck, which limits the processing and makes it difficult. At the same time, the processing time of such parts is short and the workpiece rotation frequency is high. Because the chuck is not accurate enough, each piece needs to be aligned, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, forming a bottleneck in the processing preparation stage. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing fixtures for porous shaft parts to achieve fast and accurate clamping and alignment and avoid tool interference. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a quick-installation method for porous shaft parts. The method sets the coaxiality of the threaded sleeve and the collet and uses a push rod to limit the axial position of the target workpiece. After the push rod is positioned and the alignment is completed, the target workpiece does not need to be clamped again without tool alignment and alignment without artificial loosening, thereby improving the processing efficiency. The method also uses a quick-installation clamp composed of a threaded sleeve, a nut and a collet to form a conversion clamping in the axial direction, thereby achieving axial extension of the target workpiece during clamping, preventing interference between the tool and the chuck, and improving the effect of the tool's applicable range.

[0004] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A quick assembly method for a shaft-type porous part, using a quick assembly fixture to quickly disassemble and assemble the shaft-type porous part, the method comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step S1, using a nut to fix the collet in the installation space of the screw sleeve and make the coaxiality between the outer circle of the screw sleeve and the inner hole of the clamping part of the collet less than or equal to the target coaxiality, and then matching the push rod with the external thread with the internal thread of the screw sleeve, so that the push rod extends from the non-clamping end of the collet into the collet, and the assembly of the quick-release clamp is completed;

[0007] Step S2, loosening the nut, placing the target workpiece into the clamping portion of the collet and tightening the nut, so that the collet applies a first clamping force to the target workpiece;

[0008] Step S3, rotating the push rod to make the push rod move axially, adjusting the clamping position of the target workpiece to the target position, and tightening the nut so that the collet applies a second clamping force to the target workpiece;

[0009] Step S4, installing the quick-change fixture on the jaws of the chuck so that the distance between the target workpiece and the chuck body is greater than or equal to the target distance;

[0010] Step S5, aligning the outer circle of the screw sleeve so that the runout of the outer circle of the screw sleeve is less than or equal to the process specification requirements corresponding to this processing;

[0011] Step S6, when the target workpiece is processed, loosen the collet and remove the target workpiece;

[0012] Step S7, selecting a new target workpiece, making the new target workpiece fit with the ejector rod, tightening the nut so that the collet applies a second clamping force to the target workpiece, and completing the clamping of the new target workpiece;

[0013] Step S8, repeating steps S6 to S7 until all target workpieces are processed.

[0014] In order to better implement the present invention, further, the quick-release clamp cooperates with a chuck provided with claws, and the quick-release clamp includes:

[0015] A screw sleeve, a nut, a collet and a push rod with an external thread; one end of the screw sleeve cooperates with the claw to fix the screw sleeve on the chuck, the middle part of the screw sleeve is provided with a limit step, the other end of the screw sleeve is provided with an external thread that cooperates with the nut, the interior of the screw sleeve is provided with an installation space, and the screw sleeve cooperates with the nut to fix the collet in the installation space; the collet is used to clamp the target workpiece; the interior of the screw sleeve is also axially provided with an internal thread that cooperates with the push rod, and the push rod penetrates the screw sleeve and then extends into the interior of the collet to axially limit the target workpiece; the coaxiality of the outer circle of the screw sleeve and the inner hole of the clamping part of the collet is less than or equal to the target coaxiality.

[0016] In order to better implement the present invention, further, one end of the push rod extending into the interior of the screw sleeve is provided with an external thread, and the other end of the push rod is provided with a twisting portion that cooperates with a twisting tool.

[0017] In order to better implement the present invention, further, a limiting boss is provided at one end of the threaded sleeve that cooperates with the clamping claw, and the limiting boss cooperates with the limiting hole of the chuck to limit the threaded sleeve circumferentially.

[0018] In order to better implement the present invention, further, the coaxiality between the outer circle of the screw sleeve and the inner hole of the clamping part of the collet is less than or equal to Φ0.01, so that the runout of the target workpiece is less than or equal to 0.005.

[0019] In order to better implement the present invention, further, the nut is a precision nut.

[0020] In order to better realize the present invention, further, the cartridge is an ER cartridge.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0022] The axial position of the target workpiece is limited by the ejector rod, and the coaxiality of the outer circle of the screw sleeve and the inner hole of the clamping part of the collet is set. After the ejector rod is positioned and the alignment is completed, the target workpiece does not need to be clamped again without manual loosening, and the axial size consistency is good. Therefore, the method realizes the rapid disassembly of the shaft porous parts and improves the processing efficiency of the shaft porous parts.

[0023] The conversion clamping formed by the axial cooperation of the screw sleeve, the nut and the collet is adopted to realize the axial extension of the target workpiece during clamping, thereby preventing the interference between the tool and the chuck, improving the applicable range of the tool, and then improving the applicability of the method;

[0024] The use of quick-release clamps to adapt to collets of different specifications can meet the processing needs of various types of parts and improve the applicability of the method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The present invention is further described in conjunction with the following drawings and embodiments, and all the concepts and innovations of the present invention should be regarded as the disclosed contents and the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 1 The utility model relates to an existing fixture for porous shaft parts.

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a method for quick assembly of porous shaft parts in the present application.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a quick-release clamp in this application.

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Section view in the AA direction.

[0030] Among them: 1. chuck; 2. threaded sleeve; 3. nut; 4. collet; 5. target workpiece; 6. ejector rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Embodiment 1:

[0032] A quick assembly method for shaft-type porous parts, using a quick assembly fixture to quickly disassemble and assemble shaft-type porous parts, such as Figure 2 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0033] Step S1, using a nut 3 to fix the collet 4 in the installation space of the screw sleeve 2 and make the coaxiality between the outer circle of the screw sleeve 2 and the inner hole of the clamping part of the collet 4 less than or equal to the target coaxiality, and then matching the push rod 6 with the external thread with the internal thread of the screw sleeve 2, so that the push rod 6 extends from the non-clamping end of the collet 4 into the collet 4, and the assembly of the quick-release clamp is completed;

[0034] Step S2, loosen the nut 3, put the target workpiece 5 into the clamping part of the collet 4 and tighten the nut 3, so that the collet 4 applies a first clamping force to the target workpiece 5;

[0035] Step S3, rotating the push rod 6 to make the push rod 6 move axially, adjusting the clamping position of the target workpiece 5 to the target position, and tightening the nut 3 to make the collet 4 apply a second clamping force to the target workpiece 5;

[0036] Step S4, installing the quick-change fixture on the claws of the chuck 1 so that the distance between the target workpiece 5 and the body of the chuck 1 is greater than or equal to the target distance;

[0037] Step S5, aligning the outer circle of the screw sleeve 2 so that the runout of the outer circle of the screw sleeve 2 is less than or equal to the process specification requirements corresponding to this processing;

[0038] Step S6, when the target workpiece 5 is processed, loosen the collet 4 and remove the target workpiece 5;

[0039] Step S7, selecting a new target workpiece 5, making the new target workpiece 5 fit the push rod 6, tightening the nut 3 so that the collet 4 applies a second clamping force to the target workpiece 5, and completing the clamping of the new target workpiece 5;

[0040] Step S8, repeating steps S6 to S7 until all target workpieces 5 are processed.

[0041] In this embodiment, the quick installation refers to the rapid installation and disassembly of porous shaft parts; the target workpiece 5 refers to the porous shaft parts to be processed; the first clamping force can make the target workpiece 5 be in a working condition where it is properly clamped by the clamping tube 4 so as not to fall and can be pushed by the push rod 6; the second clamping force can make the target workpiece 5 be in a working condition where it is firmly clamped by the clamping tube 4 and subsequent processing steps can be carried out; the target distance is the distance that can prevent interference between the tool and the chuck; the process specification requirements may include the coaxiality of the outer circle of the screw sleeve 2 and the inner hole of the clamping part of the clamp 4, as well as the runout of the target workpiece 5.

[0042] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are described in detail in the invention and will not be elaborated on again.

[0043] Embodiment 2:

[0044] This embodiment is further optimized on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment 1. In this embodiment, the steps of the method are the same as those of embodiment 1, so they are not repeated here. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the quick-release clamp cooperates with a chuck 1 provided with claws, and the quick-release clamp comprises:

[0045] A screw sleeve 2, a nut 3, a collet 4 and a push rod 6 with an external thread; one end of the screw sleeve 2 cooperates with the claw to fix the screw sleeve 2 on the chuck 1, a limiting step is provided in the middle of the screw sleeve 2, the other end of the screw sleeve 2 is provided with an external thread that cooperates with the nut 3, an installation space is provided inside the screw sleeve 2, and the screw sleeve 2 cooperates with the nut 3 to fix the collet 4 in the installation space; the collet 4 is used to clamp a target workpiece 5; the interior of the screw sleeve 2 is also axially provided with an internal thread that cooperates with the push rod 6, and the push rod 6 penetrates the screw sleeve 2 and then extends into the collet 4 to axially limit the target workpiece 5; the coaxiality of the outer circle of the screw sleeve 2 and the inner hole of the clamping part of the collet 4 is less than or equal to the target coaxiality.

[0046] Specifically, in this embodiment, the screw sleeve 2 includes a cylindrical base, the top end of the base is provided with a limit step, the top surface of the base is provided with a cylindrical mounting boss, the boss is provided with an external thread, and the boss and the hollow part of the base form an installation space; the top end of the nut 3 is provided with a limit portion that cooperates with the collet 4, and when the nut 3 is tightened, the limit portion will apply pressure to the collet 4 in the axial and circumferential directions to fix the collet 4, and press the clamping hole of the collet 4 so that the target workpiece 5 is clamped.

[0047] By adopting this embodiment, the screw sleeve 2, the nut 3 and the collet 4 can cooperate axially to form a conversion clamping, so that the target workpiece 5 is axially extended during clamping; the screw sleeve 2 is fixed on the chuck 1 through the cooperation between one end of the screw sleeve 2 and the claw; the limit step in the middle of the screw sleeve 2 can keep the distance between the screw sleeve 2 and the claw within a suitable range, and can also increase the range in which the screw sleeve 2 can adapt to the nut 3. At the same time, the protruding limit step is also convenient for aligning the outer circle of the screw sleeve 2; after the collet 4 is placed in the installation space, the tightening range of the nut 3 is adjusted through the cooperation between the nut 3 and the screw sleeve 2. By tightening the nut 3 to a suitable degree, the collet 4 can be fixed. After the target workpiece 5 is placed in the clamping hole of the collet 4, the tightening degree of the nut 3 can be further adjusted to stably clamp the target workpiece 5. By rotating the ejector rod, the position of the ejector rod inside the collet 4 can be adjusted to axially limit the target workpiece 5, so that the target workpiece 5 and the chuck 1 are kept at a specified distance when clamping the target workpiece 5. When the nut 3 is not completely tightened, the position of the target workpiece 5 can be accurately adjusted by rotating the ejector rod, and the distance between the target workpiece 5 and the chuck 1 can be further accurately adjusted.

[0048] Embodiment 3:

[0049] This embodiment is further optimized on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment 2. In this embodiment, the steps of the method are the same as those of embodiment 1, so they are not repeated here. The end of the push rod extending into the interior of the screw sleeve 2 is provided with an external thread, and the other end of the push rod is provided with a twisting portion that cooperates with a twisting tool.

[0050] By adopting this embodiment, the push rod can be easily rotated using a twisting tool; the twisting portion can be a slot, a cross slot or a hexagonal slot to match a corresponding twisting tool such as a screwdriver or an hexagonal wrench.

[0051] In this embodiment, a limiting boss is further provided at one end of the screw sleeve 2 that cooperates with the clamping claw, and the limiting boss cooperates with the limiting hole of the chuck 1 to limit the screw sleeve 2 circumferentially.

[0052] By adopting this embodiment, the threaded sleeve 2 can be limited in circumferential direction, which is more conducive to rotating the nut 3 or the push rod 6.

[0053] Through the cooperation of the torsion part, the limiting boss and the limiting hole, the target workpiece 5 can be adjusted to the specified position more easily and accurately using the push rod, and the distance between the target workpiece 5 and the chuck 1 can be further accurately adjusted to prevent the processing tool and the tool handle from interfering with the chuck 1.

[0054] In this embodiment, the coaxiality between the outer circle of the screw sleeve 2 and the inner hole of the clamping portion of the collet 4 is less than or equal to Φ0.01, so that the runout of the target workpiece 5 is less than or equal to 0.005.

[0055] By adopting this embodiment, the processing requirements can be met. When processing the target workpiece 5, it is only necessary to align the first target workpiece 5 to make it meet the process regulations. When installing the subsequent target workpiece 5, it is only necessary to screw on the nut 3 for clamping. No alignment is required and the process regulations can be met, thus saving a lot of alignment time.

[0056] Embodiment 4:

[0057] This embodiment provides a preferred embodiment. In this embodiment, the steps of the method are the same as those in Embodiment 1, so they will not be repeated. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the quick-release clamp cooperates with a chuck 1 provided with claws, and the quick-release clamp comprises a screw sleeve 2, a nut 3, a collet 4 and a mandrel provided with external threads;

[0058] The screw sleeve 2 includes a cylindrical base, the top end of the base is provided with a limit step, the top surface of the base is provided with a cylindrical mounting boss, the boss is provided with an external thread, and the boss and the hollow part of the base form a mounting space;

[0059] The top end of the nut 3 is provided with a limiting portion that matches the collet 4. When the nut 3 is tightened, the limiting portion applies pressure to the collet 4 in both the axial and circumferential directions to fix the collet 4, and presses the clamping hole of the collet 4 to clamp the target workpiece 5.

[0060] The bottom of the base is also provided with a limiting boss, which cooperates with the limiting hole of the chuck 1 to circumferentially limit the screw sleeve 2; the inside of the screw sleeve 2 is also provided with an internal thread that cooperates with the ejector rod in the axial direction, that is, the base and the limiting boss are both provided with internal threads, and the ejector rod passes through the limiting boss and the base in sequence, and extends into the installation space formed by the base and the installation boss;

[0061] The coaxiality between the outer circle of the screw sleeve 2 and the inner hole of the clamping part of the collet 4 is less than or equal to Φ0.01, so that the runout of the target workpiece 5 is less than or equal to 0.005, wherein the outer circle is located at the part where the base and the claws cooperate;

[0062] One end of the push rod extending into the interior of the screw sleeve 2 is provided with an external thread, and the other end of the push rod is provided with a twisting portion for cooperating with a twisting tool;

[0063] The nut 3 is a precision nut, specifically an ER25UM precision nut.

[0064] The collet 4 is an ER collet.

[0065] Since precision nuts and ER collets are standard parts, they can be replaced according to the clamping size of the workpiece to meet the processing needs of various types of parts, greatly reducing costs.

[0066] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any simple modification or equivalent change made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quick assembly method for a porous shaft part, characterized in that: A quick-install fixture is used to quickly disassemble and assemble shaft porous parts, and the method includes the following steps: Step S1, using a nut (3) to fix the collet (4) in the installation space of the screw sleeve (2) and make the coaxiality between the outer circle of the screw sleeve (2) and the inner hole of the clamping part of the collet (4) less than or equal to the target coaxiality, and then matching the push rod (6) with the external thread and the internal thread of the screw sleeve (2) so that the push rod (6) extends from the non-clamping end of the collet (4) into the collet (4), thereby completing the assembly of the quick-release clamp; Step S2, loosening the nut (3), placing the target workpiece (5) into the clamping portion of the collet (4) and tightening the nut (3), so that the collet (4) applies a first clamping force to the target workpiece (5); Step S3, rotating the push rod (6) to move the push rod (6) axially, adjusting the clamping position of the target workpiece (5) to the target position, and tightening the nut (3) to make the collet (4) apply a second clamping force to the target workpiece (5); Step S4, installing the quick-change fixture on the claws of the chuck (1) so that the distance between the target workpiece (5) and the body of the chuck (1) is greater than or equal to the target distance; Step S5, aligning the outer circle of the screw sleeve (2) so that the runout of the outer circle of the screw sleeve (2) is less than or equal to the process specification requirements corresponding to this processing; Step S6, when the target workpiece (5) is processed, loosen the collet (4) and remove the target workpiece (5); Step S7, selecting a new target workpiece (5), making the new target workpiece (5) fit with the push rod (6), tightening the nut (3) so that the collet (4) applies a second clamping force to the target workpiece (5), and completing the clamping of the new target workpiece (5); Step S8, repeating steps S6 to S7 until all target workpieces (5) are processed.

2. A quick assembly method for a shaft-type porous part according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quick-release clamp cooperates with a chuck (1) provided with clamping claws, and the quick-release clamp comprises: A threaded sleeve (2), a nut (3), a collet (4) and a push rod (6) provided with an external thread; one end of the threaded sleeve (2) cooperates with the clamping claw to fix the threaded sleeve (2) on the chuck (1); a limiting step is provided in the middle of the threaded sleeve (2); the other end of the threaded sleeve (2) is provided with an external thread that cooperates with the nut (3); an installation space is provided inside the threaded sleeve (2); the threaded sleeve (2) cooperates with the nut (3) to fix the collet (4) in the installation space; the collet (4) is used to clamp a target workpiece (5); the interior of the threaded sleeve (2) is also provided with an internal thread that cooperates with the push rod (6) in the axial direction; the push rod (6) penetrates the threaded sleeve (2) and then extends into the interior of the collet (4) to axially limit the target workpiece (5); the coaxiality between the outer circle of the threaded sleeve (2) and the inner hole of the clamping part of the collet (4) is less than or equal to the target coaxiality.

3. A quick assembly method for a shaft-type porous part according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the push rod (6) extending into the interior of the screw sleeve (2) is provided with an external thread, and the other end of the push rod (6) is provided with a twisting portion that cooperates with a twisting tool.

4. A quick assembly method for a porous shaft part according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the screw sleeve (2) that cooperates with the clamping claw is also provided with a limiting boss, and the limiting boss cooperates with the limiting hole of the chuck (1) to limit the circumferential position of the screw sleeve (2).

5. The quick assembly method of a shaft porous part according to claim 2, characterized in that: The coaxiality between the outer circle of the screw sleeve (2) and the inner hole of the clamping portion of the collet (4) is less than or equal to Φ0.01, so that the runout of the target workpiece (5) is less than or equal to 0.

005.

6. A quick assembly method for a shaft-type porous part according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nut (3) is a precision nut (3).

7. A quick assembly method for a shaft-type porous part according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cartridge (4) is an ER cartridge (4).

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