A batch surface treatment device and treatment method for a standard metallographic specimen

Abstract

A batch surface treatment device and method for standard metallographic samples, belonging to the field of surface treatment. It includes a sample clamp, a bench vice, a bench drill and a polishing assembly. The standard metallographic sample clamp includes a clamp base and a clamping device, which is fixed in the bench vice. The clamping device is composed of bolts and springs, which are connected and fixed through the through hole on the clamp base. The polishing assembly includes sanding wheels of optional specifications, a linkage shaft and a fixed clamping device, which is fixed on the chuck of the bench drill. The height of different height standard metallographic samples can be unified by selecting the height compensation device. Through accurate clamping design, the device can fix multiple samples at the same time. With the rotary motion of the bench drill and the adjustable speed polishing assembly, efficient and consistent surface roughening treatment is realized. The device has compact structure and simple operation, which significantly improves the sample processing efficiency and is suitable for the repeated use of samples in teaching and experiments.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metallographic sample processing equipment, in particular to a device for roughening the surface of a ground standard metallographic sample, and is suitable for the reuse of the metallographic sample. Background technology:

[0002] Surface preparation of metallographic specimens is a key step in metallographic analysis and related teaching. Students and researchers often use standard metallographic specimens for grinding and polishing practice. However, after repeated use, these specimens become too smooth and unsuitable for further use. To ensure effective experiments and conserve resources, these polished specimens need to be roughened to facilitate repeated practice and reuse.

[0003] The existing problems mainly include: difficulty in reuse: the surface of the ground metallographic specimen is too smooth and is not suitable for direct use in subsequent grinding and polishing exercises, resulting in waste of resources; low efficiency of manual processing: the existing roughening treatment usually adopts manual methods, which is inefficient and cannot meet the needs of rapid processing of multiple specimens; surface consistency is difficult to ensure: manual operation can easily lead to inconsistent processing results, which is not conducive to subsequent standardized training or the accuracy of experimental data; serious waste of resources: under the current conditions, it is impossible to quickly and effectively reprocess the used metallographic specimens, resulting in a large amount of specimen waste and increased costs.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device specifically designed for roughening the surface of standard metallographic specimens. This device can ensure the consistency of roughness across multiple specimens while maintaining processing efficiency, thereby enabling sample reuse. This invention addresses this issue by designing a batch, automated processing device suitable for efficient and standardized surface roughening of metallographic specimens, meeting the needs of teaching and experimentation. Summary of the invention:

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a batch surface treatment device for metallographic standard samples to improve treatment efficiency and consistency and facilitate the recovery and reuse of samples.

[0006] The present invention discloses a batch surface treatment device for metallographic standard samples, comprising a standard metallographic sample fixture (1), a bench vise (2), a bench drilling machine (3) and a grinding and polishing assembly (4).

[0007] The standard metallographic specimen fixture (1) comprises a fixture base and a clamping device, and is used to clamp a number of standard metallographic specimens as required. The upper surface of the fixture base is provided with a plurality of grooves (5) for placing the specimens and preventing them from loosening during the grinding and polishing process; the overall fixture base is a plate-shaped fixture base composed of a plurality of strip plates (6) spliced ​​in parallel, and each circular groove (5) is distributed on two adjacent strip plates (6), that is, any two adjacent strip plates (6) have at least one circular groove (5) on the docking line, and the lower part of the fixture base is provided with two parallel through holes, that is, the lower part of all strip plates (6) is provided with two parallel side holes (7), and a coaxial spring groove (15) is also provided at the position of the side hole (7) of each strip plate (6). , the diameter of the spring groove (15) is larger than the diameter of the side hole (7); the bottom of the opposite side of any two adjacent strip plates are connected by a spring (9), and the spring (9) is correspondingly located in the opposite spring groove (16) of the two adjacent strip plates (6). The spring (9) is a compressible spring. When the spring (9) is naturally located in the two adjacent opposite spring grooves (16), there is a gap between the corresponding two strip plates (6); the clamping device adopts a screw (8) and a nut. The screw (8) passes through each side hole (7) and the spring (9) in turn from one side of the clamp base until it reaches the other side, and then is tightened and fixed with a nut.

[0008] The grinding and polishing assembly (4) includes a metal drill chuck (10), a connecting rod (11), a fastener (12) and grinding and polishing wheels (13) of different specifications. The types of grinding and polishing wheels include but are not limited to corundum grinding wheels, silicon carbide ceramic grinding wheels, resin grinding wheels and louver blades, etc., with specifications ranging from 40 mesh to 00 mesh, and are used for grinding and polishing samples to meet the surface roughness requirements of different samples. The grinding and polishing assembly is fixed to the head of the bench drill press (3) by tightening the upper part of the metal drill chuck (10), with a clamping torque of 60 to 140 N·m, preferably 100 N·m, to ensure rotation accuracy and stability. The lower end of the metal drill chuck (10) is fixedly connected to the fastener (12) through the connecting rod (11), and the lower part of the fastener (12) is detachably fixedly connected to the grinding and polishing wheel (13).

[0009] The bench vise (2) is locked on the base of the bench drilling machine (3) by using T-bolts. A second groove is provided on the upper surface of the bench vise. The second groove is used to place the standard metallographic sample clamp (1). A bolt tightening structure is provided on the side of the groove. The standard metallographic sample clamp (1) is clamped by adjusting the bolt tightening structure to firmly clamp the standard metallographic sample clamp (1), thereby firmly clamping the sample clamped by the standard metallographic sample clamp (1), thereby realizing efficient surface treatment of batch samples.

[0010] The groove (5) is a circular, elliptical, curved or polygonal groove.

[0011] The method for batch surface treatment of standard metallographic specimens using the above device comprises the following steps:

[0012] (1) Place the sample in the groove (5) of the standard metallographic sample holder (1), and adjust the preload force by using the relationship between the screw (8), nut, and spring (9) to tighten the sample;

[0013] (2) Place the standard metallographic specimen fixture (1) on the vise (2) and fix it, and adjust and fix the position of the vise;

[0014] (3) According to the surface treatment requirements of the sample, different grinding and polishing wheels (13) are selected to perform rough grinding or / and semi-rough grinding or / and fine grinding in sequence; during the grinding and polishing process, in order to avoid overheating of the fixture and the sample, the grinding and polishing area is forced to cool by a high-efficiency fan, or / and a water cooling system is used to provide cooling water to the grinding and polishing components through a hose to reduce the temperature in time and remove the grinding residue; (4) After the grinding and polishing is completed, the bench drill is turned off, the standard metallographic sample fixture (1) is disassembled and finally removed and the sample is released; the roughness of the sample surface is checked, and if it meets the requirements, the processing parameters are recorded to complete the batch processing.

[0015] Preferably, in step (1), the upper surfaces of all the samples are flush; and in step (3), the diameter of the grinding and polishing wheel (13) covers the upper surfaces of all the samples.

[0016] To ensure standardized processing, the device allows for adjustable processing parameters. For example, the speed range for a benchtop drill press is 100 to 1000 rpm, the power range is 500 to 1500 watts, and the processing time can be set from 1 to 10 minutes depending on the sample material. To meet diverse processing needs, users can select the appropriate grinding and polishing wheel specifications and types.

[0017] Furthermore, to prevent overheating of the specimen and fixture due to friction during the polishing process, the present invention incorporates a heat dissipation and cooling system. The heat dissipation system utilizes high-efficiency fans for air cooling, while the cooling system utilizes a water-cooling circuit to cool the polishing components. After polishing, the specimen and fixture must be cooled to ensure surface quality and the life of the device.

[0018] The device is suitable for surface treatment of metallographic samples of different materials, including but not limited to 20 steel, ductile iron, industrial pure iron and other alloy materials.

[0019] Through the above design, the batch surface treatment device for metallographic standard samples of the present invention can significantly improve the efficiency and consistency of sample surface treatment, while ensuring the recovery and reuse of the treated samples, meeting the needs of modern metallographic analysis and experimental training. Description of the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a batch surface treatment device for metallographic standard samples of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the fixture of the present invention loading a sample.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a batch surface treatment device for metallographic standard samples of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram and a cross-sectional view of the clamp of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the core working area of ​​the present invention.

[0025] Quasi-metallographic specimen fixture (1), bench vise (2), bench drilling machine (3), grinding and polishing assembly (4), circular or elliptical groove (5), strip plate (6), side hole (7), screw (8), spring (9), metal drill chuck (10), connecting rod (11), fastener (12), grinding and polishing wheel (13), T-bolt (14), spring groove (15). Specific implementation method:

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0027] Example 1: Structure and Operation of a Batch Grinding and Polishing Device for Standard Metallographic Specimens

[0028] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a batch surface treatment device for metallographic standard samples, including a standard metallographic sample fixture 1, a bench vise 2, a bench drilling machine 3 and a grinding and polishing component 4.

[0029] 1. Design and use of fixture base

[0030] The standard metallographic specimen fixture 1 consists of a fixture base and a clamping device. The fixture base is made of high-strength steel (strip structure) and has several grooves on its surface. Each groove is designed as a standard cylinder and is suitable for specimens with a size of R7.5 mm × 20 mm. The grooves are arranged in a circular array with a spacing of 5 mm between grooves to ensure the stability of the specimen on the fixture. Place the specimen in the groove.

[0031] The strip structure of the clamp base is connected to the spring 9 and the screw 8 through the through hole and the spring groove. Figures 1-3 The spring provides a buffering effect to prevent damage to the specimen due to excessive pressure. It uses a highly elastic alloy steel spring with a wire diameter of 1 mm, an outer diameter of 7 mm, and a length of 20 mm. Its surface has been treated with corrosion protection to ensure long-term use. During installation, the bolt torque should be controlled within the range of 30 to 40 N·m to ensure the stability of the device.

[0032] By rotating the adjustment screw to compress the spring, a uniform and controllable clamping force is provided. The circular or oval groove 5 is covered with a rubber gasket to avoid scratching or damaging the sample surface.

[0033] 2. Installation and adjustment of bench vise and bench drill press

[0034] The vise 2 is connected to the base of the bench drill press 3 via T-bolts 14 at the bottom. By adjusting the bolt connection position of the vise 2 and the position of the standard metallographic specimen holder 1, the position of the standard metallographic specimen holder 1 can be adjusted in the X and Y directions to ensure accurate positioning during the grinding and polishing process.

[0035] After the fixation is completed, the clamp 1 is clamped by rotating the adjusting knob of the vise to achieve a stable fixation of the clamp.

[0036] 4. Connection and use of grinding and polishing components

[0037] The grinding and polishing assembly 4 includes a metal drill chuck 10, a connecting rod 11, a fastener 12 and a grinding and polishing wheel 13. The connecting rod 11 is inserted into the metal drill chuck 10 and fixed by a locking nut to ensure coaxiality and stability of grinding and polishing.

[0038] Depending on the surface treatment requirements of the specimen, select a corundum grinding wheel or a silicon carbide ceramic grinding wheel. Initially, use a 60-100 mesh, preferably 80 mesh, for coarse grinding. After installing the grinding wheel, manually rotate it to confirm there is no significant eccentricity. Increase the grinding wheel size to 160-240 mesh, preferably 180 mesh, for semi-coarse grinding; and increase the grinding wheel size to 320-600 mesh, preferably 400 mesh, for fine grinding.

[0039] 5. Grinding and polishing operation process

[0040] Start the benchtop drill press 3 and set the speed to 500 rpm. Set the processing time to: 1 minute for rough grinding, 1 minute for semi-rough grinding, and 2 minutes for fine grinding. The sample surface is evenly polished by the rotating grinding and polishing wheel 13. Grinding pressure is gradually applied by adjusting the height of the vise to ensure that the sample surface achieves the desired flatness.

[0041] 6. Heat dissipation and cooling design

[0042] To prevent overheating of the fixture and specimen during the grinding and polishing process, the device is equipped with a heat dissipation and cooling system. The air cooling system uses high-efficiency fans to force cool the grinding and polishing area, while the water cooling system circulates cooling water through hoses to the grinding and polishing components, promptly reducing temperatures and removing grinding debris.

[0043] 7. Sample removal and subsequent processing

[0044] After polishing, turn off the lathe and cooling system. Loosen the chuck knob, remove the fixture 1 and release the sample. Check the roughness of the sample surface, record the processing parameters after meeting the requirements, and complete the batch processing.

[0045] Example 2: Precision surface treatment of complex samples

[0046] 1. Improved design of fixture

[0047] For irregularly shaped samples, the clamping groove of the fixture base 5 can be designed as a custom curved or polygonal groove, and the clamping effect is ensured by the buffering performance of the spring 9.

[0048] 2. Parameter adjustment of precision grinding treatment

[0049] The polishing assembly 4 selects a 600-1000 mesh, preferably 800 mesh silicon carbide ceramic grinding wheel, suitable for precision grinding of complex surfaces. Adjust the lathe speed to 800 rpm and reduce the processing pressure to prevent excessive grinding damage to the sample surface.

[0050] 3. Cooling and cleaning operation

[0051] Use the water cooling system to cool the polishing area, and use the pneumatic spray gun to clean the sample surface of the grinding residue and cooling liquid residue to ensure the surface quality.

[0052] Through the above implementation scheme, the present application can realize the efficient and batch surface treatment of metallographic standard samples. The device structure is reasonable and easy to operate, which not only improves the processing efficiency, but also ensures the consistency and quality of the samples, and meets the actual needs of modern metallographic analysis.

Claims

1. A batch surface treatment device for metallographic standard samples, comprising a standard metallographic sample fixture (1), a bench vise (2), a bench drilling machine (3) and a grinding and polishing assembly (4); The standard metallographic specimen fixture (1) comprises a fixture base and a clamping device, and is used to clamp a number of standard metallographic specimens as needed; a plurality of circular or elliptical grooves (5) are provided on the upper surface of the fixture base, which are used to place the specimens and prevent them from loosening during the grinding and polishing process; the overall fixture base is a plate-shaped fixture base composed of a plurality of strip plates (6) spliced ​​in parallel, and each circular groove (5) is distributed on two adjacent strip plates (6), that is, any two adjacent strip plates (6) have at least one circular groove (5) on their butt joint line; two parallel through holes are provided on the lower part of the fixture base, that is, two parallel side holes (7) are provided on the lower part of each strip plate (6) A coaxial spring groove (15) is also provided at the position of the side hole (7), and the diameter of the spring groove (15) is larger than the diameter of the side hole (7); the bottom sides of any two adjacent strip plates are connected by a spring (9), and the spring (9) is correspondingly located in the spring grooves (15) opposite to the two adjacent strip plates (6). The spring (9) is a compressible spring. When the spring (9) is naturally located in the two adjacent opposite spring grooves (15), there is a gap between the corresponding two strip plates (6); the clamping device adopts a screw (8) and a nut. The screw (8) passes through each side hole (7) and the spring (9) in turn from one side of the clamp base until it reaches the other side, and then is tightened and fixed with a nut; The grinding and polishing assembly (4) includes a metal drill chuck (10), a connecting rod (11), a fastener (12) and grinding and polishing wheels (13) of different specifications, wherein the types of the grinding and polishing wheels are selected from corundum grinding wheels, silicon carbide ceramic grinding wheels, resin grinding wheels and louver blades, and the specifications range from 40 mesh to 00 mesh, and are used for grinding and polishing samples to meet the surface roughness requirements of different samples; the grinding and polishing assembly is fixed to the head of the bench drill press (3) by tightening the upper part of the metal drill chuck (10), and the clamping torque is 60~140 N·m to ensure rotation accuracy and stability; the lower end of the metal drill chuck (10) is fixedly connected to the fastener (12) through the connecting rod (11), and the lower part of the fastener (12) is detachably fixedly connected to the grinding and polishing wheel (13); The bench vise (2) is locked on the base of the bench drilling machine (3) by using a T-bolt. A second groove is provided on the upper surface of the bench vise. The second groove is used to place the standard metallographic sample clamp (1). The side of the groove is provided with a bolt tightening structure. The standard metallographic sample clamp (1) is clamped by adjusting the bolt tightening structure to firmly clamp the standard metallographic sample clamp (1) so as to firmly clamp the sample clamped by the standard metallographic sample clamp (1), thereby realizing efficient surface treatment of batch samples.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The groove (5) is a circular, elliptical, curved or polygonal groove.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The clamping torque is 100 N·m.

4. A method for batch surface treatment of standard metallographic samples using the device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Place the sample in the groove (5) of the standard metallographic sample fixture (1), and adjust the preload force by using the relationship between the screw (8), nut, and spring (9) to tighten the sample; (2) Place the standard metallographic specimen fixture (1) on the vise (2) and fix it, and adjust and fix the position of the vise; (3) According to the surface treatment requirements of the sample, different grinding and polishing wheels (13) are selected to perform coarse grinding, / or semi-coarse grinding, / or fine grinding in sequence; during the grinding and polishing process, in order to prevent the fixture and the sample from overheating, the grinding and polishing area is forced to cool by a high-efficiency fan, or / and a water cooling system is used to provide cooling water to the grinding and polishing components through a hose to reduce the temperature in time and remove grinding residues; (4) After grinding and polishing, turn off the bench drill, disassemble and finally remove the standard metallographic specimen fixture (1) and release the specimen; check the surface roughness of the specimen, record the processing parameters if it meets the requirements, and complete the batch processing.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that To ensure the standardization of the machining process, the processing parameters were adjusted. The speed of the benchtop drill press ranged from 100 to 1000 rpm, the power ranged from 500 W to 1500 W, and the processing time was set from 1 to 10 minutes according to the sample material.

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