Vapor chamber based on hydrogel wick as well as preparation method and application of vapor chamber

Abstract

The invention relates to a vapor chamber based on a hydrogel wick and a preparation method and application of the vapor chamber based on the hydrogel wick in the technical field of vapor chamber heat dissipation, the vapor chamber based on the hydrogel wick comprises a lower cover plate, a wick structure, an upper cover plate and a working medium, and the periphery of the lower cover plate and the periphery of the upper cover plate are connected in a sealed mode; a cavity is formed between the lower cover plate and the upper cover plate, the working medium is sealed in the cavity, the liquid absorption core structure is assembled in the cavity, the liquid absorption core structure is at least in contact with the lower cover plate, and the liquid absorption core structure is a hydrogel liquid absorption core structure. According to the vapor chamber, the hydrogel wick structure is formed between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate based on the hydrogel material, the wick structure does not need to be subjected to hydrophilic treatment, the vapor chamber can have excellent hydrophilicity, the hydrogel wick structure has rich porosity and has good permeability to a working medium, and the vapor chamber heat dissipation performance is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of heat dissipation and, in particular, to a heat spreader based on a hydrogel absorbent core and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of science and technology, the performance and integration of electronic devices and systems are constantly improving, and the total heat consumption and heat flux density are also increasing. If the heat is not dissipated in time, the local temperature will rise sharply, affecting the stability and reliability of the system operation. This poses new challenges to the heat dissipation performance of the heat dissipation device for high heat flux density and the temperature uniformity performance of multiple hot spots. Traditional heat dissipation technologies, such as forced air cooling, liquid cooling and heat pipes, can improve the phenomenon of rapid temperature rise of the system to a certain extent, but due to factors such as large size, low heat dissipation efficiency, difficult integration and high preparation process, it is difficult to meet the development trend of high integration of electronic devices. The heat spreader is a component with ultra-high thermal conductivity, which has the advantages of high thermal conductivity, good start-up performance, good temperature uniformity, etc., and its compact structure, small size and light weight can well meet the development needs of high integration of electronic devices. It is currently an ideal choice for solving the heat dissipation and temperature uniformity problems of high heat flux density electronic devices.

[0003] As an important component of the vapor chamber, the wick provides a flow channel for the liquid working medium to reflux on the one hand, and provides a driving force for the liquid working medium to reflux on the other hand. Its parameters such as capillary force, porosity, and permeability will affect the mass transfer performance of the wick, and thus affect the heat transfer effect of the vapor chamber. For working media with good water affinity, the microstructure and hydrophilicity of the wick are important factors affecting the performance of the entire vapor chamber.

[0004] However, the hydrophilicity of the photocurable resin currently used for vapor chamber wick printing is mostly unsatisfactory. Although there have been studies devoted to improving the hydrophilicity of the printed resin through chemical or physical methods, the hydrophilic treatment operations that have been used include electroplating or chemical plating, followed by oxidation treatment, etc., but this often requires complicated operating procedures. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the background technology, the present application provides a heat spreader based on a hydrogel wick and a preparation method and application thereof. The heat spreader forms a hydrogel wick structure between an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate based on a hydrogel material. The wick structure does not need to be hydrophilic treated and can have excellent hydrophilicity. The hydrogel wick structure has rich porosity and good permeability to the working medium, thereby improving the heat spreader's heat dissipation performance.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a heat spreader based on a hydrogel wick is provided, comprising a lower cover plate, a wick structure, an upper cover plate and a working medium, wherein the lower cover plate and the upper cover plate are sealed on all sides, a cavity is formed between the lower cover plate and the upper cover plate, the working medium is sealed in the cavity, the wick structure is assembled in the cavity, the wick structure is in contact with at least the lower cover plate, and the wick structure is a hydrogel wick structure.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present invention, the material of the hydrogel wick structure includes but is not limited to one or more of polyacrylamide, polyethylene, polyethylene glycol acrylate, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan, sodium alginate, gelatin, hyaluronic acid, N-isopropylacrylamide, acrylic acid, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and methacryloylethyl sulfobetaine.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate may be made of the same or different substrates.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the substrates of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are independently selected from one of the group including but not limited to copper, aluminum, copper-aluminum alloy, silicon, polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate, polyphenylene sulfide, and polyurethane.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the working medium is selected from one or more of water, saline solution, electrolyte solution, ethanol, and acetone, but not limited to.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid wick structure forms a heat spreader with gas-liquid skew surfaces or gas-liquid coplanar structures between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate.

[0012] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing the above-mentioned vapor chamber based on the hydrogel wick, comprising the following steps:

[0013] S1. Prepare the upper cover and the lower cover;

[0014] S2, using precision additive manufacturing technology to perform integrated 3D printing of a hydrogel absorbent core structure with capillary suction capability on the lower cover;

[0015] S3, placing an injection tube on one side of the lower cover plate with the hydrogel absorbent core structure;

[0016] S4, aligning the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, and sealing the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate;

[0017] S5. Inject working medium into the sealed upper cover plate and lower cover plate, and perform primary and secondary degassing;

[0018] S6. Cut off the injection tube part and seal the injection port to form a complete heat spreader based on the hydrogel absorbent core.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present invention, the precision additive manufacturing technology of step S2 adopts digital light processing 3D printing, stereolithography 3D printing or ink direct writing 3D printing.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present invention, the sealing in step S4 is performed by a hot pressing packaging method or a welding packaging method.

[0021] According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a use of the above-mentioned heat spreader based on the hydrogel wick or the heat spreader based on the hydrogel wick prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method in the field of heat dissipation.

[0022] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The present invention creatively develops a high-performance heat spreader based on 3D printing hydrogel as a liquid wick structure, uses a hydrogel material with excellent hydrophilicity as the liquid wick material, and does not require subsequent complex hydrophilic treatment. The preparation process of the heat spreader is simplified from a procedural perspective, and has the advantage of a simple preparation process. The flexibility of the hydrogel material itself enables it to be used as the liquid wick of a traditional heat spreader, as well as the liquid wick material of a flexible heat spreader. The preparation materials of the upper and lower cover plates of the heat spreader are not restricted, and the materials of the upper and lower cover plates can be flexibly selected according to the actual application scenarios, so that it is suitable for heat dissipation needs in various scenarios, and therefore has a wide range of application scenarios; the hydrogel liquid wick heat spreader can improve the efficiency of heat conduction, reduce thermal resistance, and thus reduce energy consumption. This feature helps to reduce the power consumption of the device during operation, thereby extending the battery life of the device, improving overall performance and user experience, and has broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present application. Also, the same reference symbols are used throughout the accompanying drawings to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a heat spreader based on a hydrogel absorbent core according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 The exploded diagram of the octahedral structure liquid wick with gas-liquid non-uniform structure heat sink;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a side view of a heat spreader with an octahedral structure liquid wick and a gas-liquid non-uniform structure;

[0028] Figure 4 The exploded diagram of the heat spreader with octahedral structure liquid wick and gas-liquid coplanar structure;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a side view of a heat spreader with an octahedral liquid wick and a gas-liquid coplanar structure;

[0030] Figure 6 The exploded diagram of the heat spreader with gas-liquid non-uniform structure for evenly paving the liquid wick;

[0031] Figure 7 The side view of the heat spreader with gas-liquid skewers for evenly spreading the liquid wick;

[0032] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of a heat spreader with a long liquid wick and a gas-liquid coplanar structure;

[0033] Fig. 9 It is a side view of a heat spreader with a long liquid wick structure and a gas-liquid coplanar structure;

[0034] Fig.10 The present invention is a flow chart of the preparation of a heat spreader based on a hydrogel absorbent core.

[0035] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings indicate the following: 1. upper cover plate; 2. liquid wick structure; 3. lower cover plate; 4. support column; 5. cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] It should be clear that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0037] When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Instead, they are only examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the attached claims.

[0038] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances. In addition, in the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0039] The present application embodiment discloses a heat spreader based on a hydrogel absorbent core, such as Figure 1 As shown, the heat spreader includes a lower cover plate 3, a wick structure 2, an upper cover plate 1 and a working medium. The lower cover plate 3 and the upper cover plate 1 are sealed on all sides to form a cavity 5 between the lower cover plate 3 and the upper cover plate 1. The working medium is sealed in the cavity 5. The wick structure 2 is assembled in the cavity 5. The wick structure 2 is at least in contact with the lower cover plate 3. The wick structure 2 is a hydrogel wick structure.

[0040] The heat spreader in the present invention forms a hydrogel wick structure between the upper and lower cover plates based on the hydrogel material. The hydrogel wick structure not only has excellent hydrophilicity without hydrophilic treatment, but also has abundant porosity and good permeability to the working medium, which is beneficial to the backflow of the working medium with good water affinity therein, thereby improving the heat spreader's heat dissipation performance. Compared with the wick structure prepared by conventional photocurable resin, chemical or physical methods are required to improve the hydrophilicity, which greatly reduces the difficulty of the preparation process of the heat spreader, improves the controllability of the quality of the heat spreader, and ensures the performance of the heat spreader.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, the material of the hydrogel wick structure includes, but is not limited to, one or more of polyacrylamide, polyethylene, polyethylene glycol acrylate, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan, sodium alginate, gelatin, hyaluronic acid, N-isopropylacrylamide, acrylic acid, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and methacryloylethyl sulfobetaine.

[0042] In the present invention, for example, the material of the hydrogel wick structure can be a combination of polyacrylamide and acrylic acid, a combination of polyacrylamide and polyvinyl alcohol, or a combination of polyacrylamide and gelatin, and any other combinations are included and will not be listed here one by one.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 3 may be made of the same or different substrates. The materials of the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 3 may be organic materials, inorganic materials or composite materials, respectively and independently.

[0044] Furthermore, the substrates of the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 3 can be independently selected from one of materials including but not limited to copper, aluminum, copper-aluminum alloy, silicon, polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate, polyphenylene sulfide, and polyurethane.

[0045] In the present invention, for example, the upper cover 1 is a combination of copper and the lower cover 3 is aluminum, the upper cover 1 is aluminum and the lower cover 3 is copper, the upper cover 1 is polyimide and the lower cover 3 is polyethylene terephthalate, the upper cover 1 is polyethylene terephthalate and the lower cover 3 is polyimide, the upper cover 1 is copper and the lower cover 3 is polyimide, the upper cover 1 is polyimide and the lower cover 3 is copper, and any other combinations are included and will not be listed here one by one.

[0046] Furthermore, the thickness of the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 3 are independently 0.025 mm-1 mm.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, the working medium is selected from one or more of water, saline solution, electrolyte solution, ethanol, and acetone, but not limited to.

[0048] In the present invention, for example, the working medium may be a combination of water and ethanol, a combination of water and acetone, and any other combinations are included and will not be listed here one by one.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid wick structure 2 forms a heat spreader with gas and liquid in different planes or gas and liquid in the same plane between the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 3 .

[0050] It should be understood that when a heat spreader with a gas-liquid unequal surface structure is used, support columns 4 are arranged in an array between the upper and lower cover plates, and the two ends of the support columns 4 are respectively abutted against the upper and lower cover plates, and the liquid wick structure 2 is in contact with the lower cover plate 3 and is spaced apart from the upper cover plate 1.

[0051] When a heat spreader with a gas-liquid coplanar structure is used, only a liquid wick structure 2 is installed between the upper and lower cover plates. The liquid wick structure 2 is in contact with both the upper and lower cover plates. The liquid wick structure 2 is used for capillary transport of the working medium and for supporting the upper and lower cover plates to ensure the stability of the heat spreader structure.

[0052] Furthermore, the support column 4 can be made of the same or different material as the wick structure 2, and if the support column 4 is made of metal material, the copper mesh can be welded or not welded on the upper surface of the support column 4 according to actual needs.

[0053] Furthermore, the wick structure 2 includes but is not limited to being assembled between the upper and lower cover plates in a uniformly laid structure, a simple strip structure, an octahedral array structure, and the like.

[0054] In the present invention, for example, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the heat spreader can be an octahedral hydrogel absorbent core heat spreader with an air-liquid non-uniform structure; Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the heat spreader can be an octahedral hydrogel absorbent core heat spreader with a gas-liquid coplanar structure; Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the heat spreader can be a heat spreader with a uniformly laid hydrogel absorbent core and an air-liquid skewed structure; Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, the heat spreader can be a heat spreader with a long strip structure hydrogel liquid wick and a gas-liquid coplanar structure.

[0055] This embodiment also proposes a method for preparing the above-mentioned heat spreader based on the hydrogel absorbent core, such as Fig.10 As shown, the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0056] S1. Prepare the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate. The upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are made of non-metallic materials or metal materials with thermal conductivity.

[0057] S2. Select a material that can form a hydrogel as the 3D printing material, and use precision additive manufacturing technology to perform integrated 3D printing on the lower cover to form a hydrogel absorbent core structure with capillary suction capability.

[0058] The hydrogel material in the present invention is a photocurable resin (photopolymer monomer) that can form a hydrogel. The hydrogel is a gel with a three-dimensional network structure with extremely high hydrophilicity. Water or other liquids with good water affinity can be used as a medium to fill its three-dimensional network. The flexibility of the hydrogel material itself enables it to be used as a liquid wick material for both traditional heat spreaders and flexible heat spreaders.

[0059] The precision additive manufacturing technology in the present invention includes digital light processing 3D printing, stereolithography 3D printing, ink direct writing 3D printing, etc.

[0060] Specifically, the present invention can be based on the 3D printing technology of digital light processing. The photopolymer monomer is designed according to the wick structure, and the required wick structure model is introduced into the corresponding printer, and 3D printed layer by layer on the lower cover plate and reacted and cured to form. It has a higher printing rate and printing resolution, can well restore the tiny structure of the wick structure, and make the wick structure have precise preparation accuracy, reaching the micron level, which can reach a level below 100μm.

[0061] S3. Place an injection tube on the side of the lower cover plate with the hydrogel absorbent core structure.

[0062] Among them, if non-metallic materials are used as the upper and lower cover plates, cut the lower cover plate with the printed wick and place adhesive on the packaging edge of the lower cover plate, and place the injection tube and sealing material at its tail; if metal materials are used as the upper and lower cover plates, place the injection tube at the tail of the lower cover plate.

[0063] S4, aligning the processed upper cover plate and lower cover plate, and sealing the upper and lower cover plates using a suitable method according to the materials of the upper and lower cover plates. At this time, the space between the upper and lower cover plates is composed of the hydrogel absorbent core structure and the cavity 5.

[0064] Among them, if the upper and lower cover plates are made of non-metallic materials, a heat sealer is used to seal the upper and lower cover plates; if both the upper and lower cover plates are made of metal materials, a welding method is used to seal the upper and lower cover plates, wherein the welding methods include but are not limited to resistance welding, laser welding, magnetic pulse welding, etc.

[0065] S5. Inject a working medium with good water affinity into the sealed upper cover plate and lower cover plate, and perform primary and secondary degassing.

[0066] S6. Cut off the injection tube part and seal the injection port to form a complete heat spreader based on the hydrogel absorbent core.

[0067] The preparation method of the present invention is based on hydrogel materials and utilizes precision additive manufacturing technology to integrate a 3D printed hydrogel wick structure between the upper and lower cover plates, which has a higher printing rate and printing resolution. Not only is the preparation process simple and easy to produce, but a high-performance radiator can be obtained with excellent heat dissipation performance. The hydrogel material of the present invention can be printed on the surface of various substrate materials of the lower cover plate, so that the upper and lower cover plates of the heat spreader can be flexibly selected according to its application scenario, thereby meeting the heat dissipation needs of various scenarios. It has the advantage of a wide range of application scenarios. The heat spreader can effectively take away the heat emitted by the electronic device, effectively improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the electronic device, and maintain the high efficiency and reliability of the operation of the electronic device.

[0068] This embodiment also proposes an application of a heat spreader based on a hydrogel wick in the field of heat spread and heat dissipation, which uses the heat spreader based on a hydrogel wick of the present invention or the heat spreader based on a hydrogel wick prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method.

[0069] The above preparation method will be further described below in conjunction with specific examples.

[0070] Example 1

[0071] Step 1: Select the upper and lower covers.

[0072] A non-metallic polyimide film is used as the upper and lower covers of the heat spreader, with a thickness of 0.025mm-1mm.

[0073] Step 2: Digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing of hydrogel absorbent core structure.

[0074] Using a combination of hydrogel photocurable resin, polyacrylamide and polyvinyl alcohol, a digital light processing (DLP) 3D printer is used to accurately print on the polyimide film lower cover described in step 1 to print out spaced strips of hydrogel absorbent cores, each of which has a width of 200 μm and a distance between strips of 200 μm.

[0075] Step 3: Bond the upper and lower covers.

[0076] Use heat-sealing adhesive to bond the lower cover printed with the hydrogel absorbent core in step 2 and the upper cover in step 1. Before bonding, ensure that the bonding area between the upper and lower covers is clean and dust-free. Before bonding, reserve space at the tail for the injection tube. After bonding, ensure that the upper and lower covers are tightly bonded. The thickness of the heat-sealing adhesive is 0.02mm-0.1mm.

[0077] Step 4: hot pressing packaging.

[0078] Use a heat sealer to precisely control the temperature and pressure of the heat sealer, as well as the packaging time, to package the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate that have been tightly bonded in step 3 with the injection tube. The temperature is 130°C-270°C, the pressure is 0.7MPa-0.9MPa, and the time is 25min-50min. The packaged upper and lower cover plates with the injection tube are called composite substrates.

[0079] Step 5: Liquid injection and degassing.

[0080] Use a liquid injection machine to accurately inject liquid into the interior of the composite board through the liquid injection pipe at the rear of the composite cover plate in step 4. The amount of liquid injected accounts for 10%-70% of the volume of the composite board cavity. The injected liquid is usually deionized water, ethanol, acetone, etc. The composite substrate after liquid injection is placed in a low temperature environment. After the temperature of the composite substrate after liquid injection drops to a certain value, the above-mentioned low-temperature composite substrate is degassed.

[0081] Step 6: Heat press sealing.

[0082] The composite substrate that has been injected and degassed in step 5 is pressed together by using a heat sealer through precise temperature and pressure control, and finally the redundant injection tube outside is cut off to obtain a heat spreader of the non-metallic substrate of the hydrogel absorbent core.

[0083] Example 2

[0084] Step 1: Select the upper and lower covers.

[0085] Metal copper plates are used as the upper and lower covers of the heat spreader, with a thickness of 0.03mm-1mm.

[0086] Step 2: Digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing of hydrogel absorbent core.

[0087] Same as Example 1.

[0088] Step 3: Solder the package.

[0089] The lower cover plate with the hydrogel absorbent core obtained in step 2 is welded and packaged with the upper cover plate. The welding and packaging methods include but are not limited to resistance welding, laser welding, magnetic pulse welding, etc.

[0090] Step 4: Liquid injection and degassing.

[0091] Same as Example 1.

[0092] Step 5: Resection and packaging

[0093] The redundant part of the liquid injection port is cut off, the liquid injection port is flattened, and a final welding process is performed to obtain a heat spreader of a metal copper cover plate of the hydrogel absorbent core.

[0094] Example 3

[0095] Step 1: Select the upper and lower covers.

[0096] A combination of metal and non-metal materials is used, wherein metal materials include but are not limited to copper, aluminum, nickel, chromium, cobalt, etc. and their alloys, with a thickness of 0.03mm-1mm; non-metal materials include but are not limited to polyimide film and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film as the upper and lower covers of the heat spreader, with a thickness of 0.025mm-1mm. In this embodiment, a copper plate is used as the lower cover and a polyimide film is used as the upper cover.

[0097] Step 2: Digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing of hydrogel absorbent core.

[0098] Using a combination of hydrogel photocurable resin, polyacrylamide and polyvinyl alcohol, a digital light processing (DLP) 3D printer is used to accurately print on the copper lower cover plate described in step 1 to print out spaced strips of hydrogel wicks, each of which has a width of 200 μm and a distance between strips of 200 μm.

[0099] Step 3: Bond the upper and lower covers.

[0100] Same as Example 1.

[0101] Step 4: hot pressing packaging.

[0102] Same as Example 1.

[0103] Step 5: Liquid injection and degassing.

[0104] Same as Example 1.

[0105] Step 6: Heat press sealing.

[0106] The composite substrate that has been injected and degassed in step 5 is pressed together by using a heat sealer through precise temperature and pressure control, and finally the excess injection tube outside is cut off to obtain a heat spreader of the composite substrate of the hydrogel absorbent core.

[0107] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A heat spreader based on a hydrogel wick, characterized in that: The invention comprises a lower cover plate, a liquid absorbent core structure, an upper cover plate and a working medium. The lower cover plate and the upper cover plate are sealed and connected on all sides to form a cavity between the lower cover plate and the upper cover plate. The working medium is sealed in the cavity. The liquid absorbent core structure is assembled in the cavity. The liquid absorbent core structure is in contact with at least the lower cover plate. The liquid absorbent core structure is a hydrogel liquid absorbent core structure.

2. The heat spreader based on the hydrogel wick according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the hydrogel absorbent core structure includes, but is not limited to, one or more of polyacrylamide, polyethylene, polyethylene glycol acrylate, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan, sodium alginate, gelatin, hyaluronic acid, N-isopropylacrylamide, acrylic acid, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and methacryloylethyl sulfobetaine.

3. The heat spreader based on the hydrogel wick according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cover plate and the lower cover plate may be made of the same or different substrates.

4. The heat spreader based on the hydrogel wick according to claim 3, characterized in that: The substrates of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are independently selected from one of the group including but not limited to copper, aluminum, copper-aluminum alloy, silicon, polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate, polyphenylene sulfide, and polyurethane.

5. The heat spreader based on the hydrogel wick according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working medium is selected from one or more of water, salt solution, electrolyte solution, ethanol and acetone, but not limited to.

6. The heat spreader based on the hydrogel wick according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid wick structure forms a heat spreader with gas-liquid skew surfaces or gas-liquid co-planar structure between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate.

7. A method for preparing a vapor chamber based on a hydrogel absorbent core according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Prepare the upper cover and the lower cover; S2, using precision additive manufacturing technology to perform integrated 3D printing of a hydrogel absorbent core structure with capillary suction capability on the lower cover; S3, placing an injection tube on one side of the lower cover plate with the hydrogel absorbent core structure; S4, aligning the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, and sealing the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate; S5. Inject working medium into the sealed upper cover plate and lower cover plate, and perform primary and secondary degassing; S6. Cut off the injection tube part and seal the injection port to form a complete heat spreader based on the hydrogel absorbent core.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The precision additive manufacturing technology of step S2 adopts digital light processing 3D printing, stereolithography 3D printing or ink direct writing 3D printing.

9. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sealing in step S4 is performed by a hot pressing packaging method or a welding packaging method.

10. Use of a vapor chamber based on a hydrogel wick as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 or a vapor chamber based on a hydrogel wick prepared by the preparation method as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 9 in the field of heat dissipation.

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