Fragrance-containing particles

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a perfume-containing particle comprising, by weight, based on the weight of the particle: (a) greater than 35% of a perfume material; (b) 1% to 30% of an inorganic density enhancing additive; and (c) 1% to 50% of a carbohydrate carrier; wherein the particles have a skeletal density of from 1.00 g / mL to 1.40 g / mL and a bulk density of from 0.20 g / mL to 1.40 g / mL.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to perfumed particles having improved performance and / or fragrance benefits, methods of producing the same, and uses thereof in consumer products, particularly in animal litter. More particularly, the perfumed particles are configured to provide malodor control benefits caused by excreta (e.g., urine and / or feces) absorbed in animal litter. Background Art

[0002] Most commercial animal litters, especially companion animal litters (e.g., cat litters), include technologies that provide the release of a scent or odor-masking aroma to reduce and / or mask the malodor associated with absorbed excreta (e.g., urine and / or feces). One such current technology is a spray-dried powder containing neat fragrance, which is then dry-blended with litter particles. Typically, the spray-dried fragrance-containing powder is formed by emulsifying fragrance oil in water and spray-drying to evaporate the water to obtain a spray-dried fragrance-containing powder. The resulting spray-dried fragrance-containing powder has an approximate average particle size between about 10 μm and about 100 μm, while the litter particles have an approximate average particle size between about 0.4 mm and about 2.3 mm. There are several disadvantages in combining the current spray-dried fragrance-containing powder with litter particles.

[0003] First, the spray-dried flavored powders are not evenly distributed with the litter particles due to the large difference between their particle sizes. This is a problem because the uneven distribution of the flavoring ingredients means that the intensity of malodor reduction varies between each poured sample, resulting in an inconsistent user experience. Secondly, the smaller spray-dried flavored powders produce high dust levels during production, which may increase the risk of dust explosions of particles suspended in the air and challenge litter handling equipment. Another challenge of the smaller spray-dried flavored powders is that they tend to separate from the larger litter particles during use (e.g., pouring or shoveling), producing high dust levels. Therefore, this causes undesirable messes in consumers' homes. Third, it has been observed that the spray-dried flavored powders lack sufficient density and are easily stuck to the fur and claws of animals or leave the animal litter box (i.e., "tracking") due to the activities of animals in or near the box. Finally, prior approaches do not teach how to improve the scent profile, and more specifically how to selectively increase and / or extend the intensity of the more desirable characteristics attributable to the highly volatile fragrance materials (ie, top notes) that are most effective in minimizing fecal malodor.

[0004] For example, WO 03 / 043728A1 (Firmenich) discloses a flavored particle with a fire retardant dispersed in or absorbed in a polymer carrier material, however, the fire retardant disclosed in the document must be used in large quantities compared to the amount of particles, so the solution is not cost-effective and cannot completely solve other problems identified herein. WO 2019 / 170528A1 (Firmenich) discloses the use of talc as a fire retardant to prevent the risk of particles exploding during their preparation and / or handling. According to paragraphs [0119, 0129] of WO'528A1, talcum powder is dry blended with particles to cover the surface of the particles in a dust cloud to reduce the risk of explosion. This method has several disadvantages. First, the talc only coated on the particles may easily fall off over time, leaving undesirable residues in the animal bedding. Secondly, coating the particles with only one layer of talcum powder does not help to adjust the particle size to match the size of the animal bedding. Third, talc is potentially harmful to human health (eg, asbestos in talc) and is obtained in an environmentally unfriendly manner (ie, mined in protected natural habitats).

[0005] Therefore, these existing solutions still have limitations and do not adequately teach how to overcome the above problems. Therefore, there is still a need in the art to develop new flavored particles that can solve one or more of the above problems and are suitable for various consumer products, especially animal bedding. There is also a need for these flavored particles to be sustainable and / or more renewable in source. It is also expected that the flavored particles can be used to improve the intensity of fragrance characteristics, especially fragrances derived from highly volatile fragrance materials (i.e., top notes). Summary of the invention

[0006] The particles of the present disclosure are based, inter alia, on the discovery of new perfumed particles having a particular combination of parameters that, when blended into consumer products, particularly animal litter, allow them to deliver certain benefits, including, for non-limiting example, malodor control benefits with little (i.e., low) or almost no dusting and / or carryover and / or improved fragrance profile, particularly the characteristic intensity derived from highly volatile perfume materials (i.e., top notes).

[0007] Thus, in a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a flavored particle comprising, by weight based on the weight of the particle: (a) greater than 35% flavor material; (b) 1% to 30% inorganic density enhancing additive; and (c) 1% to 50% carbohydrate carrier; wherein the particle has a skeletal density of 1.00 g / mL to 1.40 g / mL and a bulk density of 0.20 g / mL to 1.40 g / mL. Preferably, the particle has a bulk density of about 0.30 g / mL to about 0.60 g / mL.

[0008] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a consumer product comprising the perfumed particles of the present disclosure, wherein the consumer product is selected from the group consisting of: powdered laundry detergent, powdered automatic dishwashing machine detergent, animal litter, bath salts, room deodorizer, room dehumidifier, powdered fabric bleach, soap powder, and powdered detergent. Preferably, the consumer product is animal litter, more preferably cat litter, and further comprises particulate material. More preferably, the animal litter has one or more properties selected from the group consisting of: enhanced malodor control, lower carryover, and lower dusting compared to animal litter comprising spray-dried perfumed powder.

[0009] In yet another aspect, the present invention provides a method for producing animal litter, the method comprising: (i) providing a particulate material comprising an absorbent material and optionally at least one performance enhancing active selected from the group consisting of: an antimicrobial agent, an odor absorber, an odor inhibitor, a binder that promotes caking, a health indicator material, a non-sticky release agent, a lightweight mineral, a milled material, and combinations thereof; and (ii) mixing the particles of the present disclosure with the particulate material; wherein the particulate material has an average particle size ranging from 400 μm to 4 mm.

[0010] In yet another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method of imparting fragrance to animal litter, the method comprising mixing the following: (i) about 0.02 wt% to about 5 wt% of the particles of the present disclosure, relative to the total weight of the animal litter, and (ii) about 99.98 wt% to about 95 wt% of the particulate material, relative to the total weight of the animal litter. Preferably, the animal litter exhibits one or more properties selected from the group consisting of: enhanced malodor control, lower carryover, and lower dusting, compared to animal litter comprising a spray-dried fragrance-containing powder.

[0011] The advantage of the present disclosure is that new flavored particles are provided, which can provide one or more performance and / or sensory benefits. In particular, the advantage is that the particles of the present disclosure have a larger particle size (2-3mm) than traditional spray-dried microparticles (about 50 microns). The larger size of the flavored particles according to the present disclosure has multiple benefits. First, the larger particle size of the flavored particles means that they are more similar in size to, for example, animal litter microparticles (0.2-2.3mm) mixed with them. This uniformity of size allows a more uniform distribution of the flavor ingredients, thereby providing a more consistent user experience for each poured animal litter sample. Secondly, the larger size of the flavored particles is easier to handle, produces less dust (i.e., small particles with a diameter of less than 250 μm) during production and / or represents a reduced risk of explosion. Third, the larger size also provides a smaller surface area to volume ratio for the flavor material to diffuse out during storage, thereby improving the retention of fragrance over time, especially the fragrance from the top notes (see below).

[0012] Yet another advantage of the present disclosure is to provide fragrance-containing particles that deliver a long-lasting perceived intensity of fragrance characteristics, particularly attributable to the characteristics of highly volatile fragrance materials (ie, "top notes") having a vapor pressure greater than 0.1 Torr (0.0133 kPa).

[0013] Unless otherwise indicated, all parts, percentages and ratios referred to herein and in the claims are by weight.

[0014] The values ​​and dimensions disclosed herein should not be understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values ​​recited. Instead, unless otherwise specified, each such value is intended to mean the recited value and a functionally equivalent range around that value. For example, a value disclosed as "50%" is intended to mean "about 50%". BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings to improve understanding of the concepts as presented herein.

[0016] Figure 1 Shown are the fragrance intensities of the top notes from the perfumed particles of the present disclosure and a comparative spray-dried perfumed powder.

[0017] Figure 2 A process scheme for making an embodiment of the flavored particles of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and do not limit the invention as defined in the appended claims.Other features and benefits of any one or more embodiments will be apparent from the following detailed description and from the claims.

[0019] As used herein, the terms "comprises / comprising," "includes / including," "has / having," "contains / containing," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements, but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In addition, unless expressly stated to the contrary, "or" refers to an inclusive or and not to an exclusive or. For example, condition A or B is satisfied by any of the following: A is true (or exists) and B is false (or does not exist), A is false (or does not exist) and B is true (or exists), and both A and B are true (or exists).

[0020] Moreover, "a / an" is used to describe the elements and components described herein. This is done only for convenience and to give a general sense of the scope of the invention. The description should be interpreted as including one / kind or at least one / kind, and the singular also includes the plural unless it is obvious that it is otherwise intended.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. In the event of a conflict, this specification (including definitions) shall prevail. Although methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of embodiments of the present invention, suitable methods and materials are described below. In addition, materials, methods and examples are only illustrative and are not intended to be restrictive.

[0022] When amount, concentration or other values ​​or parameters are given with scope, preferred range or a series of upper preferred values ​​and / or lower preferred values, this should be understood as particularly disclosing all scopes formed by any pairing of any upper range limit or preferred value and any lower range limit or preferred value, and no matter whether these scopes are disclosed separately.When numerical range is enumerated herein, unless otherwise indicated, the scope is intended to include its endpoints, and all integers and fractions in the scope.For example, when enumerating the scope of "1 to 10", the enumerated scope should be interpreted as including scopes such as "1 to 8", "3 to 10", "2 to 7", "1.5 to 6", "3.4 to 7.8", "1 to 2 and 7-10", "2 to 4 and 6 to 9", "1 to 3.6 and 7.2 to 8.9", "1-5 and 10", "2 and 8 to 10", "1.5-4 and 8".

[0023] The present disclosure illustratively described herein may suitably be practiced without any element or elements, limitation or limitations not specifically disclosed herein. Although compositions and methods are described herein as "comprising" various components or steps, unless otherwise indicated, these compositions and methods may also "consist essentially of" or "consist of" the various components or steps.

[0024] Before presenting details of the following embodiments, some terms are defined or clarified.

[0025] As used herein, the term "wt %" means percent by weight.

[0026] As used herein, the term "animal litter" refers to a solid composition comprising particulate material. Preferably, the particulate material comprises an absorbent material. In some embodiments, the particulate material has an average particle size ranging from 400 μm to 4 mm. The average particle size in the present disclosure is measured by sieve analysis according to standard ASTM method (ASTM D6913-04e1).

[0027] The term "absorbent material" as used herein as a particulate material (component) of animal litter means a material that absorbs liquids. The absorbent material can be made of a material selected from the group consisting of clay (e.g., bentonite), wood (e.g., pine, cedar), wood byproducts (e.g., sawdust), grains and ground grains (e.g., corn), agricultural products and byproducts (e.g., corn cobs, dried distiller's grains), silica gel, wheat, grass seeds, crushed walnut shells, paper pellets, cellulose, and mixtures thereof. Other examples of suitable absorbent materials are disclosed in WO 2013 / 180896A1, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety for all purposes.

[0028] As used herein, the term "average particle weight" means the average particle weight calculated by obtaining the total weight (in mg) of 3000 particles and then dividing it by 3000 to obtain the approximate weight (in mg) of each particle.

[0029] As used herein, the term "average mean diameter" means the average mean diameter obtained by using image analysis software (e.g., ImageJ Image Analysis Software, version 1.53o (January 2022), available from NIH; MIPAR Image Analysis Software, version 3.4, available from MIPAR Image Analysis, Inc. (Columbus, Ohio); or available from Pax-It! TM The average diameter is determined by measuring the diameter distribution of the particles using the Pax-It Image Management System (version 1.3) obtained. A digital photo of the particles is taken using the size reference in the photo. The image analysis software then measures the diameter of the particles (e.g., several hundred). The average mean diameter and standard deviation are then calculated.

[0030] The terms "obtainable" and "obtained" are used interchangeably in the present disclosure and are not meant to indicate that, for example, a product must be obtained by, for example, the sequence of steps following the term "obtained", although such limited understanding is always included in the term as a preferred aspect of the present disclosure.

[0031] As used herein, the term "biobased" refers to atoms or molecules obtained from biomass, such as atoms or molecules obtained from materials containing organic carbon from a renewable source. The source of this carbon can be derived from agricultural products, plants, animals, fungi, microorganisms, marine or forestry materials.

[0032] As used herein, the term "biodegradable" with respect to materials (such as microcapsule shells and / or fragrances) means that the material has no actual or perceived health and / or environmental issues and can and / or does undergo physical, chemical, thermal, microbiological and / or biological degradation. Ideally, the microcapsule shells and / or fragrances are considered "biodegradable" when they pass one or more of the following tests, including: Respirometric biodegradation in aquatic media, available from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), including but not limited to OECD 301F or 310 (rapid biodegradation), OECD 302 (intrinsic biodegradation), ISO 17556 (solid stimulation study), ISO 14851 (freshwater stimulation study), ISO 18830 (marine sediment stimulation study), OECD 307 (soil stimulation study), OECD 308 (sediment stimulation study) and OECD 309 (water stimulation study). Preferably, the microcapsule shell and / or fragrance is readily biodegradable, as determined in an aquatic medium using a respirometry biodegradation method, OECD 301F or OECD 310 test. More preferably, the microcapsule shell and / or fragrance is biodegradable if it has a biodegradation rate of at least 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% or 98% based on the weight of the shell and / or fragrance within 60 days according to OECD 301F or OECD 310 test, or most preferably has a biodegradation rate of at least 60% within 60 days according to OECD 301F test.

[0033] As used herein, the term "bulk density" means the mass of the flavored particles divided by the total volume they occupy. The total volume includes the volume of the particles, the volume of the interparticle voids, and the volume of the intraparticle voids. The bulk density differs from the skeletal density in that the bulk density includes both the intraparticle voids and the interparticle voids. The bulk density is determined by the method described in the Bulk Density Test (Test Method 2).

[0034] As used herein, the term "consumer" means both a user of a composition and an observer near or around the user.

[0035] The terms "fragrance", "fragrance component", "fragrance material" and "fragrance ingredient" are used interchangeably and refer to a composition of fragrance compounds for the purpose of delivering a specific and / or pleasant fragrance profile to drive consumer liking or acceptance of consumer products and / or fragrance compositions. "One or more fragrance materials" means a fragrance raw material ("PRM") or a mixture of fragrance raw materials ("PRM") used to impart an overall pleasant odor or fragrance profile to the composition. "Fragrance material" may encompass any suitable fragrance raw material for fragrance use, including, for example, materials such as alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, ethers, acetates, nitriles, terpene hydrocarbons, nitrogen- or sulfur-containing heterocyclic compounds and essential oils. However, naturally occurring plant and animal oils and secretions that are known to contain complex mixtures of various chemical components are also used as "fragrance materials". Individual perfume raw materials comprising known natural oils can be found by reference to magazines commonly used by those skilled in the art, such as "Perfume and Flavourist" or "Journal of Essential Oil Research", or are listed in reference textbooks such as S. Arctander, Perfume and Flavor Chemicals, 1969, Montclair, New Jersey, USA, and recently republished by Allengthoising Corporation Illinois (1994). In addition, some perfume raw materials are provided by perfume companies (Firmenich, International Flavors & Fragrances, Givaudan, Symrise) in the form of mixtures in proprietary specialty accords.

[0036] As used herein, the term "fragrance profile" means the description of the perceived fragrance by the nose of a person at any moment. The fragrance profile may change over time. It is the result of a combination of the base notes, middle notes and top notes (if present) of a perfume. The base notes are characterized by providing animal, woody, sweet, amber or musky characteristics and are very non-volatile. The middle notes are associated with desired characteristics, such as floral characteristics (e.g., jasmine, rose), fruity, marine, aromatic or spicy characteristics. "Top notes / head notes" provide citrus, green, light or fresh characteristics and tend to evaporate quickly due to their high volatility. The fragrance profile consists of 2 characteristics: "intensity" and "characteristics". "Intensity" relates to perceived intensity, while "characteristics" refers to the odor impression or quality of the fragrance, i.e., fresh, clean, etc.

[0037] As used herein, the term "particle" refers to particles containing a core (typically a small core particle) and an active agent (typically a fragrance). The term "particle" may also refer to fibers, flakes, spheres, powders, platelets and other shapes and forms.

[0038] As used herein, the term "maximum explosion pressure" (MEP) is referred to as the difference between the pressure at the time of ignition (ambient pressure) and the pressure at the apex of the explosion. MEP and explosion severity values ​​(Kst values) are measured under the test conditions specified in ISO 6184 / 1 (1995) and ASTM Standard E1226 (1991) in a 20L apparatus or 1m 3 All measurements were performed by Dekra US, Atlanta, Georgia.

[0039] As used herein, the term "minimum ignition energy" (MIE) refers to the ignition sensitivity of a dust / air mixture in the presence of an electric spark and is typically expressed in mJ. MIE is determined by the method described in Test Method 4 (MIE Test) of this disclosure.

[0040] As used herein, the terms "particle size dispersion index" (PSDI) and "polydispersity index" are used interchangeably and refer to the distribution of particle size populations within a mixture of perfume-containing particles and particulate material. In the present disclosure, the particle size dispersion index (PSDI) is calculated as the standard deviation divided by the mean diameter of the perfume-containing particles and particulate material.

[0041] As used herein, the term "substantially free" with respect to a material means that the indicated material is present in an amount of 0 wt% to about 1 wt%, preferably 0 wt% to about 0.5 wt%, or more preferably 0 wt% to 0.2 wt%. The term "substantially free" means that the indicated material is present in an amount of 0 wt% to about 0.1 wt%, preferably 0 wt% to about 0.01 wt%, or more preferably it is not present at an analytically detectable level.

[0042] As used herein, the term "skeleton density" is the ratio of the mass of solid material contained in a particle to the sum of the volumes of solid material and closed (or blind) pores within the particle. Skeletal density in the present disclosure is determined by the method as described in the Skeletal Density Test (Test Method 1).

[0043] As used herein, the term "vapor pressure" means the partial pressure in air at a defined temperature (e.g., 25° C.) and standard atmospheric pressure (760 mmHg) for a given chemical. It defines the expectation that a chemical is in the gas phase rather than the liquid or solid phase. The higher the vapor pressure, the greater the proportion of the material that will be in the closed head space at equilibrium. It is also related to the evaporation rate of the fragrance material, which is defined in the open environment of the material leaving the system. Vapor pressure is determined according to Test Method 1 (Determination of Vapor Pressure) of WO2016 / 200761A1 (the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference).

[0044] As used herein, the term "high volatility fragrance material" refers to fragrance materials (ie, top notes) having a vapor pressure greater than 0.1 Torr (0.0133 kPa) at 25°C.

[0045] As used herein, the term "water activity (a)" with respect to a substance (e.g., a particle) w )” means the vapor partial pressure of water in a substance at a given temperature divided by the vapor partial pressure of pure water at the same temperature.

[0046] As used herein, the terms "g", "mg" and "μg" refer to "gram", "milligram" and "microgram", respectively. The terms "L" and "mL" refer to "liter" and "milliliter", respectively. The terms "mm" and "μm" refer to "millimeter" and "micrometer", respectively.

[0047] It is to be understood that the test methods disclosed in the Test Methods section of this application must be used to determine the corresponding values ​​of the parameters of Applicants' invention as described and claimed herein.

[0048] Particles containing spices

[0049] The inventors have unexpectedly discovered new perfumed particles having a particular combination of parameters that allow them to deliver certain benefits, including, for non-limiting example, a particle size similar to the particulate material in animal litter for more uniform blending, enhanced malodor control benefits, minimal (i.e., low) or almost no dusting and / or carryover, and / or improved fragrance profile, especially the characteristic intensity derived from highly volatile perfume materials (i.e., top notes).

[0050] Specifically, in one aspect, the present disclosure provides a flavored particle, which contains by weight based on the weight of the particle: (a) greater than about 35% flavor material; (b) about 1% to about 30% inorganic density enhancing additives; and (c) about 1% to about 50% carbohydrate carrier; wherein the particle has a skeleton density of about 1.00g / mL to about 1.40g / mL and a bulk density of about 0.20g / mL to about 1.40g / mL. In some embodiments, the particle contains at least 40%, or at least 45%, or at least 50% flavor material by weight based on the weight of the particle. In some embodiments, the particle contains about 5% to about 30%, or about 15% to about 30%, or about 17% to about 28% inorganic density enhancing additives by weight based on the weight of the particle. In some embodiments, the particle has a bulk density of about 0.30g / mL to about 0.60g / mL. In some embodiments, the particle has a bulk density of about 0.30g / mL to about 0.40g / mL.

[0051] Typically, animal litter has a bulk density of about 1.20 g / mL to about 1.30 g / mL. The inventors have found that in order to minimize or eliminate the separation of particles when mixed with animal litter, the bulk density of the particles must be greater than about 0.20 g / mL, preferably greater than about 0.25 g / mL, more preferably greater than about 0.30 g / mL or even more preferably greater than about 0.35 g / mL. In some embodiments, the bulk density of the particles does not exceed 1.20 g / mL, or does not exceed 1.10 g / mL, or does not exceed 1.0 g / mL, or does not exceed 0.9 g / mL, or does not exceed 0.8 g / mL, or does not exceed 0.7 g / mL, or does not exceed 0.6 g / mL or does not exceed 0.5 g / mL.

[0052] In some embodiments, the particles containing spices can form a sphere, a hemisphere, etc. The particles can have any shape selected from the group consisting of: spherical, hemispherical, compressed hemispherical, disc-shaped, circular, lentil-shaped, elliptical and a combination thereof, preferably hemispherical or compressed hemispherical. As used herein, "lentil-shaped" refers to the shape of a lentil, and "compressed hemispherical" refers to a shape corresponding to a hemisphere that is at least partially or substantially flattened, so that the curvature surface is on average less than the curvature of a hemisphere with the same radius. Compressed hemispherical particles can have an aspect ratio (i.e., the ratio of its bottom diameter to its height perpendicular to the bottom) of about 2.0 to about 5, alternatively about 2.1 to about 4.5, alternatively about 2.2 to about 4. "Elliptical" particles refer to particles with a maximum size and a secondary size perpendicular to the maximum size, wherein the ratio of the maximum size to the secondary size is greater than about 1.2, preferably greater than about 1.5, and more preferably greater than about 2. In addition, the particles of the present disclosure may have been broken and deformed during the drying step of the production process. Thus, the particles may have irregularly shaped hemispheres or compressed hemispheres.

[0053] In some embodiments, the flavored particles of the present disclosure may have different shapes, sizes and / or skeletal densities. In some embodiments, the flavored particles are added as a component in a consumer product. For example, the particles may be added to animal bedding. Given that the flavored particles are different in shape and / or size from the particulate material in the animal bedding, they are likely to be separated from the particulate material during transportation and storage. This separation may cause the amount of the flavored particles in the particulate animal bedding composition to vary significantly between ranges. It has been found that this hemispherical or compressed hemispherical shape helps to significantly reduce the separation of the flavored particles in the animal bedding composition, for example, by reducing at least about 20%, at least about 30%, at least about 40%, at least about 50%, at least about 60%, at least about 70%, or at least about 80%, compared to flavored particles having other shapes.

[0054] spices

[0055] In some embodiments, animal litter comprises the spiced particles of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the spiced particles are used to produce animal litter. When the spiced particles are used for the application of animal litter, the particles can contain no more than 35% of the spice material by weight based on the weight of the particles, while still being able to deliver the desired malodor control benefits. This is because animal litter is often shoveled away, so that excrement is regularly removed. Therefore, animal litter does not need a high payload of spice materials to fully control malodor. In addition, in view of the fact that animal litter is a relatively cheap product, high payload of spices will not be cost effective. Therefore, when the spiced particles are used for animal litter (for example, as a component in animal litter or in a method for producing animal litter), the particles can contain no more than 50%, or no more than 45%, or no more than 40%, or no more than 35%, or no more than 30%, or no more than 25%, or no more than 20% of the spice material by weight based on the weight of the particles. In some embodiments, the particle comprises at least 0.1%, or at least 1%, or at least 5%, or at least 10%, or at least 15% by weight of flavor material based on the weight of the particle.

[0056] In some embodiments, the particles of the present disclosure have a persistent and / or stronger perceived intensity of fragrance characteristics, particularly attributable to the characteristics of high volatility fragrance materials (i.e., top notes) having a vapor pressure greater than 0.1 Torr (0.0133 kPa) at 25° C. (Comparative spray-dried fragrance-containing powders) according to the olfactory test as described in the present disclosure (Test Method 3), compared to the comparative spray-dried fragrance-containing powders. As used herein, the term "comparative spray-dried fragrance-containing powders" compared to the fragrance-containing particles of the present disclosure means a spray-dried powder prepared with the same formulation (i.e., the same ingredients and the same amounts except water) as used to prepare the fragrance-containing particles. In some embodiments, the high volatility fragrance material is selected from the group consisting of butyl acetate, ethyl-2-methylbutyrate, isoamyl acetate, chamomile, sorbitol esters, orange oil, C-6 acetate, isoamyl acetate, allyl hexanoate, and combinations thereof.

[0057] Preferably, the perceived intensity of the flavor characteristics of the granules is stronger than that of the comparative spray-dried flavored powder at 1 min (minutes), 2 mins (minutes), 3 mins, 4 mins, 5 mins, 6 mins, 7 mins, 8 mins, 9 mins, 10 mins, 15 mins, 20 mins, 25 mins, 30 mins, 35 mins, 40 mins, 45 mins, 50 mins, 55 mins, or 60 mins or more after water is added to the flavored granules, as determined by the Olfactory Test (Test Method 3). For example, according to the Olfactory Test (Test Method 3), a sample of the comparative spray-dried flavored powder indicated a lower flavor intensity (about 3.2) of top notes (such as fruit and citrus) at 5 minutes after water was added to the powder (see Figure 1 ). In contrast, samples of the perfumed particles of the present disclosure indicated a higher top note fragrance intensity (about 3.7) at 5 minutes after water was added to the particles (see Figure 1 ). This means that the perfumed particles of the present disclosure can retain more top notes than the comparative spray-dried perfumed powder.

[0058] It is believed that the better retention of top notes is due, at least in part, to the lower processing temperatures used to make the fragrance-containing particles. As used herein, the term "processing temperature" refers to the temperature of the air in the drying room used as part of the manufacturing process. Figure 2 The measurement of "process temperature" refers to the measurement of the air temperature in the drying section (10) of the drying chamber. Utilizing the process for making the flavored particles of the present disclosure, the estimated peak process temperature as measured at the drying section (10) is 115°C ± 10°C. It should be noted that temperature measurement in an infrared dryer is tricky because the infrared energy absorption rate varies with the type of material. These temperature readings are taken in a manner so that the probe is not directly "in the line of sight" of the infrared emitter. A bare thermocouple wire (type K) is placed approximately 1 cm above the conveyor belt. In this way, the temperature reading is the best practical measurement of the air temperature near the surface of the flavored particles. Again, the above 115°C ± 10°C readings are obtained with no flavored particles on the conveyor belt, so there is no evaporative cooling effect. During active drying (i.e., water evaporation), the air temperature above the belt is significantly lower, in the range of 80°C ± 5°C.

[0059] In contrast, the processing temperatures used in the spray drying process are significantly higher. For example, typical spray drying inlet air temperatures are about 190°C-210°C. Therefore, it is believed that the lower processing temperatures of the process for making the perfumed particles of the present disclosure allow for better retention of top notes. Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is also believed that the larger particle size and smaller surface area, lower temperature, and lower water content in the emulsion mean that less energy is required to remove water from the emulsion to form the dry particles. This in turn means that less perfume oil, especially the more volatile top notes, are inadvertently removed during the heating / dehydration process of making the particles.

[0060] High volatility perfume material (i.e., top note) can be selected from the group consisting of: banana type fragrance, fruit type fragrance, green fragrance and combination thereof. In some embodiments, perfume material comprises high volatility perfume material of about 1wt.% to about 50wt.%, or about 5wt% to about 40wt% or about 10wt% to about 30wt% based on the total weight of perfume material. In some embodiments, perfume material comprises high volatility perfume material of at least 1wt%, or at least 2wt%, or at least 5wt%, or at least 10wt%, or at least 15wt%, or at least 20wt% based on the total weight of perfume material. In some embodiments, perfume material comprises high volatility perfume material of no more than 60wt%, or no more than 55wt%, or no more than 50wt%, or no more than 45wt%, or no more than 40wt%, or no more than 35wt%, or no more than 30wt%, or no more than 25wt% based on the total weight of perfume material. Preferred non-limiting examples of high volatility perfume materials are provided in Table 1a and include combinations thereof.

[0061] Table 1a - High Volatility Fragrance Materials - Vapor Pressure

[0062]

[0063]

[0064] In some embodiments, the high volatility fragrance material has a logP value (partition coefficient) > 1.6, preferably from about 1.7 to about 5.0. Preferred non-limiting examples of such high volatility fragrance materials are provided in Table 1b and include combinations thereof.

[0065] Table 1b - High Volatility Fragrance Materials - logP

[0066]

[0067] In some embodiments, the flavor material comprises neat flavor. As used herein, the term "neat flavor" means a flavor component that is free of foreign matter and is not encapsulated and / or is not bound to other compounds that would cause delayed release of the flavor component. In some embodiments, the flavor material is neat flavor, and the particles have a weight ratio of component (a) (neat flavor) to the sum of components (b) (inorganic density enhancing additive) and (c) (carbohydrate carrier) of 10:90 to 60:40.

[0068] In some embodiments, the fragrance material includes encapsulated fragrance. As used herein, the term "encapsulated fragrance" means a fragrance component encapsulated in a microcapsule (so that the odor impression is stable over an extended period of time). The microcapsules are used to deliver the fragrance to a target area in a delayed or controlled manner. For example, when the particles are activated by the physical force of an animal, the encapsulated fragrance can be used to deliver the target fragrance. In some embodiments, the microcapsules have an average particle size of 1 and 100 microns, preferably 1 to 50 microns or more preferably 1 to 20 microns. Microcapsules can be made from natural materials like fungal chitosan (WO 2016 / 185171A1), silk fibroin particles (US2015 / 0164117A1), and biomolecules used as emulsifiers in microcapsule preparation (WO 2016 / 193435A1, WO 2017 / 102812A1, US2018 / 0078468A1, WO 2018 / 019894A1, WO 2018 / 019896A1, and WO 2017 / 102812A1). Microcapsules containing multiple coacervates between gelatin and gum arabic can be used in the present disclosure (US 4,946,624, WO 2012 / 001604A1, US2015 / 0250689A1, and WO 2018 / 002214A1). Protein microcapsules are also useful within the scope of the present disclosure (US2017 / 0189283A1). In some embodiments, environmentally friendly microcapsules wherein the shell has at least 60% biodegradability within 60 days according to OECD 301F are also within the scope of the present disclosure (WO 2021 / 122633A1).

[0069] In some embodiments, the encapsulated fragrance is encapsulated by a biodegradable microcapsule shell. Preferably, the biodegradable microcapsule shell has a biodegradability of at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95% or at least 98% based on the weight of the microcapsule shell within 60 days according to OECD 301F or OECD 310, preferably at least 60% biodegradability based on the weight of the microcapsule shell within 60 days according to OECD 301F. As used herein, the terms "wall" and "shell" are used interchangeably to refer to the structure formed by the microencapsulation polymer surrounding the core of the microencapsulated active material (e.g., fragrance).

[0070] In some embodiments, the perfume material comprises neat perfume and encapsulated perfume, and the total amount of neat perfume and encapsulated perfume is based on the total weight of the particle by weight at least 0.1%, at least 1%, at least 5%, at least 10%, at least 15%, at least 20%, at least 25%, at least 30%, at least 35% or at least 40%. In some embodiments, the perfume material comprises neat perfume and encapsulated perfume, and the total amount of neat perfume and encapsulated perfume is based on the total weight of the particle by weight no more than 20%, no more than 25%, no more than 30%, no more than 35%, no more than 40%, no more than 45%, no more than 50%, no more than 55%, no more than 60%, no more than 65% or no more than 70%. In some embodiments, the weight ratio of neat perfume to encapsulated perfume is 10: 1 to 1: 1. In some embodiments, the weight ratio of neat perfume to encapsulated perfume is 8: 1 to 2: 1, or 7: 1 to 2: 1, or 6: 1 to 3: 1 or 5: 1 to 3: 1. In some embodiments, the weight ratio of neat fragrance to encapsulated fragrance is at least 0.5: 1, or at least 0.8: 1, or at least 1: 1, or at least 2: 1, or at least 3: 1. In some embodiments, the weight ratio of neat fragrance to encapsulated fragrance is no more than 15: 1, or no more than 12: 1, or no more than 11: 1, or no more than 10: 1, or no more than 9: 1, or no more than 8: 1, or no more than 7: 1, or no more than 6: 1, or no more than 5: 1.

[0071] In some embodiments, the flavor material is substantially free of encapsulated flavors. In some embodiments, the flavor material comprises no more than 5%, no more than 3%, no more than 1%, no more than 0.5%, or no more than 0.2% by weight of encapsulated flavors based on the total weight of the flavor material. In some embodiments, the flavor material consists essentially of or consists of neat flavors.

[0072] Inorganic density enhancing additives

[0073] Inorganic density enhancing additives are added to the particles to increase the bulk density and skeleton density of the particles. Preferably, the inorganic density enhancing additive is selected from a biodegradable and / or environmentally friendly material. In certain embodiments, the inorganic density enhancing additive is selected from the group consisting of: titanium dioxide, talc, silicon dioxide, calcium carbonate, calcium silicate, sodium silicate, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium silicate, magnesium aluminum silicate, clay (e.g., bentonite), trisodium phosphate and combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, the inorganic density enhancing additive comprises or is titanium dioxide and / or calcium silicate. In certain embodiments, the inorganic density enhancing additive comprises or is silicon dioxide.

[0074] The particles of the present disclosure include inorganic density enhancing additives of about 1 wt% to about 30 wt% relative to the total weight of the particles. In some embodiments, the particles include inorganic density enhancing additives of about 5 wt% to about 30 wt%, or about 5 wt% to about 25 wt%, or about 15 wt% to about 30 wt%, or about 15 wt% to about 25 wt%, or about 17 wt% to about 28 wt% based on the weight of the particles. In some embodiments, the particles include at least 1 wt%, or at least 2 wt%, or at least 3 wt%, or at least 4 wt%, or at least 5 wt%, or at least 6 wt%, or at least 7 wt%, or at least 8 wt%, or at least 9 wt%, or at least 10 wt%, or at least 12 wt%, or at least 15 wt%, or at least 17 wt%, or at least 20 wt% inorganic density enhancing additives based on the total weight of the particles. In some embodiments, the particle comprises no more than 35 wt%, or no more than 32 wt%, or no more than 30 wt%, or no more than 28 wt%, or no more than 26 wt%, or no more than 24 wt%, or no more than 22 wt%, or no more than 20 wt% of an inorganic density enhancing additive based on the total weight of the particle.

[0075] Carbohydrate carrier

[0076] The granules of the present disclosure contain 1% to 50% carbohydrate carrier by weight based on the weight of the granules. In some embodiments, the carbohydrate carrier is water-soluble or water-dispersible. In some embodiments, the carbohydrate carrier has a melting point temperature of at least 70°C, at least 80°C, at least 90°C or at least 100°C. In some embodiments, the carbohydrate carrier includes gum arabic, starch, modified starch, polysaccharide, cellulose, pectin or a mixture thereof. Preferably, the carbohydrate carrier includes starch selected from the group consisting of: corn starch, potato starch, rice starch, tapioca starch and a mixture thereof. The starch of the present disclosure can be obtained from seeds, roots or tubers. Starch can be obtained by wet milling, washing, sieving and drying. Starch is mainly obtained from corn, wheat and potatoes, and to a lesser extent, from sources such as rice, sweet potato, sago and mung beans. Starch can be unmodified or chemically modified (i.e., modified starch) to allow starch to function under conditions (such as high temperature, high shear, low pH, oxidation, freezing / thawing and / or cooling) often encountered during processing or storage. Such modifications include, but are not limited to, acid treatment, alkali treatment, bleaching, oxidation, enzyme treatment, acetylation, phosphorylation, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the starch includes or is a modified starch. In some embodiments, the carbohydrate carrier includes or is a modified starch. In some embodiments, the modified starch is selected from the group consisting of: cationic starch, hydroxyethyl starch, carboxymethylated starch, and a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the modified starch includes or is octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) modified starch. In some embodiments, the modified starch includes or is sodium octenyl succinate starch (E1450). Other types of modifications known to those skilled in the art will also be considered within the scope of the present disclosure. Suitable examples of modified starch include, but are not limited to (Sodium starch octenylsuccinate), FP, Purity 2000(Sodium starch octenylsuccinate), IMF, In some embodiments, the (modified) starch aqueous solution may include maltose, sucrose, maltodextrin or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the (modified) starch aqueous solution may include cellulose ether.

[0077] In some embodiments, the carbohydrate carrier includes modified starch and unmodified starch. As used herein, the term "unmodified starch" means starch that has not been chemically modified. In some embodiments, the carbohydrate carrier includes gum arabic. In some embodiments, the carbohydrate carrier is present in the particles in an amount of about 10 wt % to about 50 wt %, preferably about 20 wt % to about 40 wt %, based on the total weight of the particles. In some embodiments, the flavor material is adsorbed into the carbohydrate carrier or adsorbed onto the carbohydrate carrier.

[0078] Other parameters

[0079] In some embodiments, the fragrance-containing particles of the present disclosure are characterized by the following features:

[0080] (i) water activity (a) less than 0.6 at 25°C w ); and / or

[0081] (ii) an average particle weight of from about 1 mg to about 10 mg, or from about 3 mg to about 7 mg; and / or

[0082] (iii) an average mean diameter ranging from about 1 mm to about 20 mm, or from about 1 mm to about 15 mm, or from about 1 mm to about 10 mm, or from about 1 mm to about 5 mm, or from about 2 mm to about 3 mm.

[0083] In some embodiments, the fragrance-containing particles have all three characteristics as listed above. w ), average particle weight and average mean diameter can provide a significant improvement over existing fragrance particles. The fragrance particles with these characteristics are dry and free-flowing, high fragrance loading powders / particles that provide protection from air and evaporation. This allows the fragrance to be released as needed when needed. For example, when an animal urinates, the particles partially dissolve and release the fragrance. This gives fresher and longer-lasting performance in a convenient and safe manner, avoids accidental ignition of fragrance vapors when handled in the factory, and produces less dust and traces when consumers pour.

[0084] Another aspect of the present disclosure is to expect to turn to the use of particles and / or their components (e.g., flavor ingredients, microcapsules, etc.) derived from the principle of "green chemistry". Green chemistry focuses on the design of products and processes that minimize environmental impact, particularly by using renewable feedstock, reuse and / or upgraded carbon resources, such carbon resources can be supplemented by natural reproduction or other cycle processes in a limited time (such as in a person's lifetime) to replace the part exhausted by use and consumption. In other words, where technically and economically feasible, the raw materials or feedstocks used to make particles and / or their components should be renewable, reused and / or upgraded carbon resources rather than exhaustible. As used herein, "BRC" (biorenewable carbon) refers to carbon and non-fossil-based carbon that is a part of the earth's natural environment. BRC is a naturally occurring renewable, reused and / or upgraded carbon resource, such carbon resources can be supplemented by natural reproduction or other cycle processes in a limited time (such as in a person's lifetime) to replace the part exhausted by use and consumption. BRC will not include carbon from virgin crude oil. In some embodiments, the flavored particles of the present disclosure have a biorenewable carbon (BRC) content of at least 25%, at least 30%, at least 35%, at least 40%, at least 45%, at least 50%, at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95%, based on the weight of the particle.

[0085] Biorenewable carbon (BRC) content can be determined using methods such as those described in ASTM D6866-16 and ISO 16620. ASTM D6866-16 and ISO 16620-2 provide three different methods for determining the biorenewable content of solid, liquid or gaseous compositions. For example, the particles and / or consumer products of the present disclosure can be dried and tested as solids. As defined by ASTM D6866-16 and ISO 16620-1, the biobased carbon content is the amount of biobased carbon in a particle or consumer product as a weight (mass) percentage of the total organic carbon therein. In particular, ASTM D6866-16 Method B measures the biorenewable carbon content of a composition using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) and isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). 14 C / 12 C and 13 C / 12 C ratio. Fossil-based carbon contains essentially no 14 C, because his age is much greater than 14 C has a half-life of 5,730 years. Therefore, the composition 14The presence and level of C provides a direct measure of the amount of carbon derived from sources other than fossil fuels (i.e., the level of biobased carbon in the composition). If the biobased carbon content of all feedstocks in the mixture is known, it is also possible to calculate the biobased carbon content of the mixture according to ISO 16620-1.

[0086] In some embodiments, the particles of the present disclosure exhibit an increased MIE value, preferably a significantly increased MIE value, and / or a reduced Kst value, so that they can be safely processed, handled, stored and / or used (such as compared to spray-dried flavored powders). Kst, the dust deflagration index, is used to quantify the severity of dust explosions. OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) classifies dusts into four dust hazard categories based on their Kst values, as shown in Table 2 below. Preferably, the particles of the present disclosure have a Kst of dust hazard level St-1 (low explosion risk) or St-0 (no explosion risk), preferably St-0. It should be noted that Kst is only a statement of explosive power and does not give an indication of the ignition sensitivity of the dust or the possibility of dust explosion during the operation of the particles.

[0087] Table 2: Dust hazard levels

[0088] grade Kst value (bar.m / s) Explosion risk St-0 0 No explosion St-1 >0 to 200 Weak Explosion St-2 >200 to 300 Strong explosion St-3 ＞300 Very strong explosion

[0089] In contrast, MIE indicates the likelihood of igniting a dust cloud by an electrical discharge (e.g., static electricity or other such ignition source), and is measured in millijoules (mJ) or joules (J). The MIE of a dust is defined as the minimum amount of electrical energy (stored in a capacitor) that, when discharged across a spark gap, is just enough to ignite the most easily ignitable dust / air mixture in a series of tests at atmospheric pressure, ambient temperature, and the lowest possible turbulence. In some embodiments, the particles of the present disclosure have a MIE value of at least 1,000 mJ, at least 5,000 mJ, at least 7,500 mJ, or at least 10,000 mJ, more preferably in excess of 10,000 mJ, as measured according to ASTM E2019.

[0090] In certain embodiments, the particles may further include a fire retardant to minimize the risk of explosion. Suitable examples of fire retardants are disclosed in WO 2003 / 043728A1 and WO 2019 / 170528A1, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. Other suitable fire retardants include sodium carbonate, zeolite, sodium sulfate and mixtures thereof. In view of the fact that fire retardants will be a supplementary solution to minimize the risk of explosion, it will be necessary to use less fire retardants than those disclosed in WO'728A1 and WO'528A1 in the particles of the present disclosure.

[0091] Method for preparing particles

[0092] The inventors have discovered a method for preparing perfumed particles capable of delivering all the benefits as described herein. Basically, the solution is to print particles using a combination of primarily bio-based materials and perfume oils to make an oil-in-water emulsion that is deposited as "dots" or "droplets" on a belt. The droplets are then dried to remove all or substantially all water to form perfumed particles. In some embodiments, the particles of the present disclosure are formed from droplets obtainable (or obtained) from a deposition process comprising: (i) depositing an emulsion having a viscosity of 1,000 to 20,000 m·Pas at 25°C; and (ii) optionally drying the deposited emulsion at a temperature of 75°C to 130°C, preferably 80°C to 125°C. In some embodiments, the emulsion has a viscosity of 2,000 to 10,000 m·Pas at 25°C. In some embodiments, the emulsion is deposited onto a belt (e.g., a conveyor belt). Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is important that the particles are formed from a highly viscous emulsion because too much water in the emulsion will produce a low viscosity emulsion that will not be deposited as discrete "dots" or "droplets" on the tape. However, too little water in the emulsion will produce an emulsion that is too viscous, which will be difficult to pump and deposit onto the tape. The inventors have found an optimal point in terms of viscosity range so that the emulsion can be formulated with as little water as possible, but still meet the requirements of the printing process.

[0093] In some embodiments, the fragrance-containing particles of the present disclosure may be prepared according to the following method. There may be alternatives to the method, and thus there is no limitation on the manner in which the particles are obtained. Thus, according to an embodiment, the fragrance-containing particles are prepared by Figure 2 The method shown in is obtained. Figure 2 , the method may include the following steps:

[0094] (i) preparing an aqueous phase having a high solid content (e.g., 68 wt%-70 wt%) and a high viscosity (5,000-10,000 cP at 25° C.) by dissolving and / or dispersing a carbohydrate carrier with water,

[0095] (ii) preparing an oil phase comprising the fragrance material (neat and / or encapsulated) and mixing the oil phase with the water phase of step (i) to obtain an oil-in-water emulsion ( Figure 2 The feed slurry in

[0096] (iii) mixing the emulsion of step (ii) with a high shear disperser (IKA T50 Ultra-Turrax) to subject it to high shear mixing (e.g., 13500 RPM) to reduce the oil droplet size to <5 microns,

[0097] (iv) dispense 3 mm diameter droplets or dots of the emulsion feed from step (iii) (using Figure 2 ) onto a conveyor belt with a belt speed of 10 m / min, and

[0098] (v) Drying the droplets or dots by applying heat to them as they move with the conveyor belt to obtain the flavor-containing particles of the present disclosure. Other drying methods such as fluidized bed or even drying at room temperature may be suitable.

[0099] In some embodiments, the particles containing fragrances of the present disclosure include a plurality of intra-particle air voids (i.e., intra-particle air voids) formed by heating the particles to evaporate water from the particles. Preferably, the particles include less than 20%, 15%, 10%, 5%, 3% or 1% water based on the weight of the particles. In some embodiments, the particles are substantially free of water. As used herein, the term "air void" refers to a void space in a porous or hollow form inside the particle, which is maintained continuously after the particle is formed, preferably not filled with other impurities. As the name implies, the air void is filled with air rather than other gases. The air voids of the particles of the present disclosure may have an asymmetric or irregular shape with a curved profile, or a spherical or irregular spherical shape (e.g., elliptical, crescent, etc.). It is expected that there will be no significant difference between spherical air voids and non-spherical air voids in key performance criteria (e.g., dissolution rate). In some embodiments, the air voids include a combination of spherical and non-spherical air voids.

[0100] The air voids can have varying sizes, for example, any size between about 1 micron and about 3000 microns when measured longitudinally, for non-limiting examples. Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that smaller air voids (e.g., less than about 1000, 500, 400, 300, 200 or 100 microns or any size therebetween) may merge with other air voids during the drying process to form larger air voids. The resulting larger air voids (e.g., ≥100 microns, ≥200 microns, ≥300 microns, ≥400 microns, ≥500 microns, ≥600 microns, ≥700 microns, ≥800 microns, ≥900 microns or ≥1000 microns) are more desirable than smaller air voids to promote dissolution rate. Alternatively, the air voids of the present disclosure can include any combination of smaller and larger air voids, as long as they produce particles with a desired dissolution rate. In some embodiments, the perfumed particles of the present disclosure comprise a plurality of intra-particle air voids having a longitudinal dimension of at least 1 micron, at least 10 microns, at least 50 microns, at least 100 microns, at least 200 microns, at least 300 microns, at least 400 microns, or at least 500 microns. In some embodiments, the perfumed particles of the present disclosure comprise a plurality of intra-particle air voids having a longitudinal dimension of no more than 3000 microns, no more than 2500 microns, no more than 2000 microns, or no more than 1500 microns.

[0101] In some embodiments, the total volume of air voids within the particles containing fragrance (i.e., air voids within the particles) is at least 10%, at least 15%, at least 20%, at least 25%, or at least 30% based on the volume of the particles. In some embodiments, the total volume of air voids within the particles is no more than 70%, no more than 65%, no more than 60%, no more than 55%, or no more than 50% based on the volume of the particles. In some embodiments, the total volume of air voids within the particles is in the range of 15% to 70%, 20% to 60%, or 35% to 55% based on the volume of the particles. Without being bound by theory, it is believed that when formulated into animal bedding, particles with air voids can be more easily wetted and thus release fragrance during animal use.

[0102] It is important to note that air or other gases are not intentionally added to the precursor material during any of the steps used to produce the enclosed air voids in the flavored particles of the present disclosure. Furthermore, as described above, the air voids found in the flavored particles are formed by the evaporation of water during the heating step, rather than by any rupture of the precursor material during the cooling step that produces the particles. The combination of these various factors produces the air voided particles of the present disclosure that have significantly different properties that are superior to any currently known flavored particles.

[0103] consumer goods

[0104] On the other hand, the present disclosure relates to a consumer product comprising the particles of the present disclosure containing spices. The consumer product is selected from the group consisting of: powdered laundry detergent, powdered automatic dishwashing machine detergent, animal litter, bath salts, room deodorizer, room dehumidifier, powdered fabric bleach, soap powder and powdered detergent. In some embodiments, the consumer product is animal litter. Preferably, compared with animal litter containing spray-dried spices powder, the animal litter has one or more characteristics selected from the group consisting of: enhanced malodor control, lower carry-out and lower dustiness. Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that retaining more top notes in the particles (compared with traditional spray-dried spices powder) means that those top notes can enter the air with higher volumes to offset malodor materials (also highly volatile materials). Spray-dried powders are fine, small-particle powders that can stick to the paws of animals and can then be "carried out" of the litter box and reach surrounding surfaces. This phenomenon also has the effect of scenting the animal's paws, which is undesirable because it reminds the pet owner that the animal has just been in the litter tray. As mentioned previously, the spray-dried powder has a very small particle size, which means that it can form a dust when it is added and blended at the factory, and also for the consumer when it is poured from a bin or bag into the litter box. Not only is the dust unsightly and settles on surfaces outside the box, long-term inhalation exposure can cause health problems for animals and humans who are frequently exposed.

[0105] In a preferred embodiment, the animal litter is livestock litter (e.g., cat litter, rabbit litter, gerbil litter, and dog litter, especially cat litter). According to this embodiment, the consumer product is an animal litter comprising a major proportion of particulate material and a minor proportion of the perfumed particles of the present disclosure. Preferably, the animal litter comprises perfumed particles in an amount ranging from about 0.01 wt% to about 5.0 wt%, more preferably 0.04 wt% to 0.20 wt%, relative to the total weight of the animal litter, and particulate material in an amount ranging from about 95 wt% to about 99.99 wt%, more preferably 99.8 wt% to 99.96 wt%, relative to the total weight of the animal litter. In some embodiments, the particulate material has a bulk density of about 0.35 g / mL to about 1.40 g / mL. In some embodiments, the cat litter comprises particulate material and perfumed particles, and the ratio of the bulk density of the particulate material to the bulk density of the perfumed particles does not exceed 4:1. Clay-based cat litters have a bulk density of about 1.0 to about 1.5, so ideally the granules of the present disclosure have a similar density, but must be no less than one-quarter the density of cat litter to prevent segregation in the product.

[0106] In some embodiments, the animal bedding of the present disclosure further comprises at least one performance enhancing active agent that improves the function and / or properties of the animal bedding. Preferably, the performance enhancing active agent is selected from the group consisting of: an antimicrobial agent, an odor absorber, an odor inhibitor, a binder that promotes caking, a health indicator material, a non-sticky release agent, a lightweight mineral, a milled material, and a combination thereof. Depending on the active agent and its use, one or more active agents may be added in any useful amount. Typically, the performance enhancing active agent may be present in the animal bedding in an amount of about 0.01 wt % to about 5 wt %, preferably about 0.05 wt % to about 2 wt %, relative to the total weight of the animal bedding.

[0107] In some embodiments, the animal litter comprises flavored particles and particulate material, and the flavored particles and particulate material has a particle size dispersion index (PSDI) of less than 0.2 (standard deviation / mean). This means that the flavored particles and particulate material are substantially or completely uniformly blended. The PSDI can be measured by dispersing the particles and particulate material into distilled water and then measuring with a Malvern Nano-S. Further details of this method are described in < https: / / www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov / pmc / articles / PMC5035303 / >, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Yet another advantage is that the fragrance-containing particles and particulate materials of the present disclosure exhibit a polydispersity index of ≤0.2 (standard deviation / mean). This means that the particles and particulate materials of the present disclosure have a substantially monodisperse particle size distribution. Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that by having a more monodisperse particle size distribution plus the ability to adjust the particle size, the particles and particulate materials will result in a more favorable uniform distribution in the animal litter. Therefore, during use, the fragrance-containing particles of the present disclosure will exhibit a more uniform distribution within each range of the animal litter.

[0108] It should be noted that the animal litter of the present disclosure can be used for a variety of purposes, not just as animal litter. For example, animal litter can be used to treat water, treat wastewater, manage liquid spills, etc. Other non-animal litter applications are also contemplated for the fragrance-containing particles of the present disclosure. The fragrance-containing particles of the present disclosure can be used in any situation where it is desired to impart a fragrance to a consumer product, such as, but not limited to, powdered laundry detergents, powdered automatic dishwasher detergents, bath salts, room deodorizers, room dehumidifiers, powdered fabric bleaches, soap powders, and powdered detergents.

[0109] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for producing animal litter. The method comprises: (i) providing a particulate material comprising an absorbent material and optionally at least one performance enhancing active selected from the group consisting of an antimicrobial agent, an odor absorber, an odor inhibitor, a binder that promotes caking, a health indicator material, a non-sticky release agent, a light mineral, a milled material, and a combination thereof; and (ii) mixing the fragrance-containing particles of the present disclosure with the particulate material; wherein the particulate material has an average particle size ranging from 400 μm to 4 mm. Generally, the particles and the particulate material can be combined using any suitable method known in the art, for example, stirring, dry blending, etc. The order of addition of the particles and the particulate material can be any order suitable for producing animal litter.

[0110] Typically, the animal litter is placed in a litter box or other suitable container, and the animal is allowed to deposit its excreta (e.g., urine or feces) on the animal litter. If desired, after the excreta is deposited, for example, on a lawn, the animal litter can be placed in contact with the excreta.

[0111] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides an animal litter box comprising the animal litter of the present disclosure and a device suitable for containing the animal litter and for use by an animal when excreting animal excrement. Suitable devices are known in the art and are commercially available, for example, the litter boxes disclosed in US 2009 / 0250014A1, US20090272327A1, US2009000560A1, US20070277740A1 and US 7628118.

[0112] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a kit suitable for containing animal bedding that can be used to manage excrement, particularly animal excrement. The kit includes the animal bedding of the present disclosure in a separate container in a single package or in a separate container in a virtual package (depending on the kit components) and one or more of the following: (1) a device suitable for containing the animal bedding and suitable for use by the animal when excreting animal excrement, such as a bedding box; (2) a device suitable for handling animal excrement that has been deposited on the animal bedding, such as a scoop for removing animal feces from the bedding (e.g., US7,523,973) or a rake suitable for arranging the animal bedding in a bedding box or other container; (3) different animal bedding, such as different animal bedding suitable for producing a mixture of the animal bedding of the present disclosure and such different animal bedding; (4) instructions on how to use the animal bedding of the present disclosure to manage excrement, particularly animal excrement; and (5) instructions on how to dispose of the animal bedding of the present disclosure (e.g., how to dispose of the bedding in an environmentally friendly manner, particularly after the bedding has been used).

[0113] When the kit includes virtual packaging, the kit is limited to the combination of the instructions and one or more physical kit components in the virtual environment. The kit can contain kit components in any of various combinations and / or mixtures. In one embodiment, the kit contains a package containing animal bedding of the present disclosure and a scoop suitable for removing animal waste from the animal bedding.

[0114] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a package comprising a material suitable for containing the animal litter of the present disclosure and a label adhered to the package, the label containing one or more words, pictures, designs, acronyms, slogans, phrases, or other devices, or combinations thereof, which indicate that the contents of the package contain the animal litter of the present disclosure, for example, information regarding the enhanced properties of the animal litter, including effective odor control or other physical, functional, or related properties.

[0115] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for imparting fragrance to animal litter. The method comprises mixing the following: (i) about 0.02 wt% to about 5 wt% of a plurality of the presently disclosed fragrance-containing particles relative to the total weight of the animal litter; and (ii) about 99.98 wt% to about 95 wt% of the particulate material relative to the total weight of the animal litter. Preferably, the animal litter exhibits one or more properties selected from the group consisting of: enhanced malodor control, lower carryover, and lower dusting compared to animal litter comprising a spray-dried fragrance-containing powder.

[0116] Many aspects and embodiments have been described above and are exemplary and non-restrictive only. After reading this specification, the skilled person will appreciate that other aspects and embodiments are possible without departing from the scope of the present invention. All publications cited herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety for all purposes.

[0117] Test Method

[0118] In order that the invention described and claimed herein may be more fully understood, use of the test methods set forth below is necessary.

[0119] Test method 1: Skeleton density test (i.e., porosity test)

[0120] The porosity test is used to measure the relative volume of porosity contained within the internal structure of a particle (i.e., intra-particle porosity). The principles of the applicant's porosity test follow those of the published international standard ISO 15901-01: Evaluation of pore size distribution and porosity of materials by mercury intrusion and gas adsorption - Part 1: Mercury intrusion. Porosity is divided into two categories: inter-particle (voids between particles) and intra-particle porosity (pores within a particle). The current method is used to measure intra-particle porosity. Details of the method suitable for the present disclosure are as follows.

[0121] About 2cm 3 A particle sample with a volumetric particle size of 300 μm to 600 μm (obtained by sieving) is loaded into a penetrometer assembly with a suitable bulb and stem assembly to ensure that the stem volume utilization is greater than 25% and less than 75% within the pressure range specified in Section 3. The sample assembly is then evacuated to remove gas from the pores.

[0122] According to the appropriate equilibrium conditions for mercury to enter the pores, dry nitrogen is introduced in a controlled manner into the evacuated measuring cell to increase the pressure (in stages, continuously or by step pressurization), wherein the required accuracy for the specific pore size range of interest covers at least up to 0.2 MPa (corresponding to 6 μm pore diameter). The pressure and the corresponding volume of mercury injected can be recorded in graphical form or via a computer. When the maximum required pressure has been reached, the pressure is reduced to ambient and the sample holder is transferred to the high pressure cell.

[0123] In the high pressure cell, the pressure is increased by injection of mercury (as hydraulic fluid) by stepwise pressurization, according to the appropriate equilibrium conditions for mercury to enter the pores, wherein the precision required for the specific pore size range of interest covers at least up to 400 MPa (corresponding to 3 nm pore diameter). Thus, mercury is pressed into the pore system and the reduction in the length of the mercury column is measured as a function of pressure. The pressure and the corresponding volume of mercury injected can be recorded via a computer.

[0124] The applied pressure is inversely proportional to the clear width of the hole entrance. For a cylindrical hole, the Washburn equation gives the relationship between pressure and diameter: d p = -4γcosθ / P, where dp is the pore diameter and γ is the surface tension of mercury [Nm -1 ], θ is the contact angle, and P is the injection pressure. Common values ​​for the surface tension and contact angle of mercury are 480 mN.m -1 and 140°. The pressure readings were converted to pore diameters using the Washburn equation. The injected volume, which is related to the sample mass, was plotted as a function of the pore diameter, as abscissa, to give the pore volume distribution.

[0125] The cumulative pore volume distribution includes interstitial porosity and intraparticle porosity. Within the scope of the present disclosure, the threshold values ​​of intraparticle pore size have been determined using differential distribution analysis: 30 μm is the cut-off pore size; pores larger than 30 μm are considered interparticle; and pores smaller than 30 μm are considered intraparticle. The intraparticle porosity is calculated by dividing the intraparticle pore volume by the sum of the intraparticle pore volume and the solid volume of the particle sample. The solid volume of the sample is the sample volume minus the total pore volume.

[0126] Test method 2: Bulk density test

[0127] The bulk density of a given portion of a material (e.g., a granular material, particulate material, etc.) is the mass of the given portion of the material divided by its total volume. The bulk density of a material can be measured using the following steps: (i) placing an empty 100 mL graduated cylinder that can read to 1 mL on a balance; (ii) tare the balance with the empty graduated cylinder on it; (iii) introduce the material into the graduated cylinder up to the 100 mL line without compacting; (iv) weigh the cylinder (with the material therein) to obtain the mass of the material in the graduated cylinder; (v) mount the graduated cylinder (with the material therein) on a mechanical tapper and tap it 1000 times in order to reduce the volume occupied by the material in the graduated cylinder; (vi) record the volume of the material in the graduated cylinder after the tapping; and (vii) divide the mass of the material by the volume of the material (after the tapping) to obtain the bulk density of the material.

[0128] Test method 3: olfactory test

[0129] This test evaluates the olfactory performance of the spice-containing particles of the present disclosure and the spice-containing powder of the comparison spray drying in terms of the perception of the fragrance characteristics, specifically derived from the fragrance intensity of the top notes. In the test equipment, 1g of the spice-containing particles and 1g of the comparison spray-dried spice-containing powder are introduced into the corresponding container. 100mL of room temperature (25°C) water is added to the container to dissolve the particles and powder respectively. The particles and powder samples are stirred for 2 minutes to dissolve in the water. The container with the aqueous solution of the sample is sealed with a lid and submitted to the assessor. The assessor is selected from individuals who are trained to evaluate spices according to the following grades or have experience in spices evaluation in the industry. Typically, about 6-10 panelists are used in the assessment. Panelists are required to give scores on a scale of 0 to 5 for the fragrance intensity of the perceived top notes, wherein 0 is the weakest and 5 is the strongest.

[0130] Test Method 4: MIE Test

[0131] The purpose of the MIE test is to determine the minimum energy of an electric spark that will cause the dust cloud to ignite in a modified Hartmann vertical tube. This is a transparent plastic vertical tube that is open at the top and has a volume of about 1.3 L. The test was performed according to the ASTM E2019 standard test method. All measurements were performed by Dekai, Inc., Atlanta, Georgia.

[0132] Examples

[0133] The following non-limiting examples are provided to further illustrate the present invention and should not be construed as limitations of the present invention as many variations of the present invention are possible without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

[0134] Example 1 - Preparation of flavored granules

[0135] The composition of the flavored granules is shown in Table 3 below. Add the specified amount of water to a suitable container and heat it to about 60°C. With continuous mixing, add the sodium sulfate and mix until it is completely dissolved. Slowly add Modified starch (sodium starch octenyl succinate, available from Ingredion) was added to minimize lumps and mixing continued until it was completely dissolved. The resulting solution was cooled to about 30°C. The viscosity of the solution was checked with a Brookfield viscometer using a No. 7 spindle at 60 RPM. Viscosity values ​​were as high as 30,000 cPs.

[0136] In a separate container, add the specified amount of neat fragrance oil. While a T-50 (available from IKA-Werke GmbH & Co. KG, Staufen, Germany) was immersed in the starch and sodium sulfate solution, neat fragrance oil was slowly added to the solution until the neat fragrance container was empty. High shear was continued at 13500 RPM for a minimum of 5 minutes. The viscosity of the resulting oil-in-water emulsion was checked with a Brookfield viscometer using a No. 7 spindle at 60 RPM. Viscosity values ​​were as high as 30,000 cPs. In addition, the particle size distribution of the oil droplets in the emulsion was checked. The target mean of <10 microns and the target mode of <3 microns were achieved.

[0137] While the emulsion is continuously mixed, the aqueous microcapsule slurry containing the encapsulated fragrance is slowly added to the emulsion in a specified amount. Again, the viscosity of the resulting emulsion is checked with a Brookfield viscometer using a No. 4 spindle at 60 rpm. The viscosity value is as high as 10,000 cPs.

[0138] Finally, while mixing, rice starch is added to the emulsion in a specified amount to produce the emulsion to be used as Figure 2 The emulsion feed (ie, feed slurry) of the printing process depicted in . The viscosity of the resulting emulsion was checked again using a No. 4 spindle at 60 rpm. The viscosity values ​​were as high as 15,000 cPs.

[0139] like Figure 2 As shown, the emulsion feed (i.e., feed slurry) produced above was deposited onto a conveyor belt as 3 mm diameter drops or dots. The conveyor belt moved at a belt speed of 5 m / min. These dots were dried in a drying chamber with infrared light to produce flavored particles.

[0140] Table 3: Composition of granules (wet)

[0141]

[0142] Example 2 - Preparation of comparative spray-dried flavored powders

[0143] A comparative spray-dried flavored powder was prepared according to Table 3 in Example 1, except that an additional 4650 grams of water was used to reduce the viscosity of the emulsion to <500 cPs. The emulsion was then spray dried to produce a spray-dried flavored powder.

[0144] Example 3 - MIE of Perfumed Granules and Comparative Spray-dried Perfumed Powders

[0145] Sample A is a flavored granule prepared according to Example 1, and Sample B is a comparative spray-dried flavored powder prepared according to Example 2. The MIE of Samples A and B was determined according to Test Method 4 (MIE Test). The results of the evaluation are summarized in Table 4 below.

[0146] Table 4: MIE results

[0147] Minimum ignition energy (mJ) Sample A ＞10,000 Sample B 3-5

[0148] The results show that sample B has a very low MIE, indicating that it is extremely sensitive to ignition from any power source. In contrast, sample A, which is a flavor-containing particle of the present disclosure, has a very high MIE, which means that it has an extremely low ignition sensitivity and therefore a low explosion risk during production and handling.

[0149] Example 4 - Preparation of Fragrance-Containing Granules Having High Density

[0150] For certain applications where high bulk density and high skeletal density are preferred (eg, animal bedding), inorganic density enhancing additives may be added to the composition of the particles.

[0151] The composition of the flavored granules is shown in Table 5 below. In a suitable container, add the specified amount of water and heat it to about 60°C. With continuous mixing, add Citrem N12 (citric acid ester of monoglyceride) and mix until it is completely dissolved. Then add sodium sulfate and mix until completely dissolved. Slowly add Modify starch and gum arabic to minimize lumps, and continue mixing until they are completely dissolved. The resulting solution is cooled to about 30°C. Check the viscosity of the solution with a Brookfield viscometer using a No. 7 spindle at 60 RPM. The viscosity value is about 100 cPs.

[0152] In a separate container, add the specified amount of neat fragrance oil and cellulose K99 (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose). T-50 (available from Aika Group, Staufen, Germany) was immersed in a solution (containing Modified starch, gum arabic, Citrem N12 and sodium sulfate), the neat flavor oil / cellulose K99 mixture was slowly added to the solution until the container (containing the neat flavor oil / cellulose K99 mixture) was empty. High shear was continued at 13500 RPM for a minimum of 5 minutes. The viscosity of the resulting oil-in-water emulsion was checked with a Brookfield viscometer using a No. 7 spindle at 60 RPM. The viscosity value was about 1,000 cps. In addition, the particle size distribution of the oil droplets in the emulsion was checked. The target mean of <3 microns and the target mode of <3 microns were achieved.

[0153] While the emulsion is continuously mixed, titanium dioxide is slowly added to the emulsion in a specified amount. Finally, while mixing, rice starch is added to the emulsion in a specified amount to produce the emulsion to be used as Figure 2 The emulsion feed (ie, feed slurry) of the printing process depicted in . Again, the viscosity of the resulting emulsion was checked with a Brookfield viscometer using a No. 4 spindle at 60 rpm. The viscosity value was as high as 5,600 cPs.

[0154] like Figure 2 As shown, the emulsion feed (i.e., feed slurry) produced above was deposited onto a conveyor belt as 3 mm diameter droplets or dots. The conveyor belt moved at a belt speed of 5 m / min. These dots were dried with infrared light in a drying chamber to produce the fragrance-containing particles of the present disclosure.

[0155] Table 5: Composition of particles with high density (wet)

[0156]

[0157] Example 5 - Preparation of Flavored Granules

[0158] The composition of the flavored granules is shown in Table 6 below. In a suitable container, add the specified amount of water and heat it to about 60°C. With continuous mixing, add Citrem N12 (citric acid ester of monoglyceride) and mix until it is completely dissolved. Then add sodium sulfate and mix until completely dissolved. Slowly add Purity 2000 modified starch and gum arabic to minimize lumps, and continue mixing until they are completely dissolved. The resulting solution is cooled to about 30°C. The viscosity of the solution is checked with a Brookfield viscometer using a No. 7 spindle at 60 RPM. The viscosity value is about 100 cPs.

[0159] In a separate container, add the specified amount of neat fragrance oil. T-50 (available from Aika Group, Staufen, Germany) was immersed in a solution (containing Purity 2000 modified starch, gum arabic, Citrem N12 and sodium sulfate), neat fragrance oil was slowly added to the solution until the container (containing neat fragrance oil) was empty. High shear was continued at 13500 RPM for a minimum of 5 minutes. The viscosity of the resulting oil-in-water emulsion was checked with a Brookfield viscometer using a No. 7 spindle at 60 RPM. Viscosity values ​​were as high as 1,000 cps. In addition, the particle size distribution of the oil droplets in the emulsion was checked. The target mean of <3 microns and the target mode of <3 microns were achieved.

[0160] While the emulsion is continuously mixed, potato starch and titanium dioxide are slowly added to the emulsion in the specified amounts. Finally, while mixing, rice starch is added to the emulsion in the specified amounts to produce the emulsion to be used as Figure 2 The emulsion feed (ie, feed slurry) of the printing process depicted in . Again, the viscosity of the resulting emulsion was checked with a Brookfield viscometer using a No. 4 spindle at 60 rpm. The viscosity values ​​were as high as 5,000 cPs.

[0161] like Figure 2 As shown, the emulsion feed (i.e., feed slurry) produced above was deposited onto a conveyor belt as 3 mm diameter droplets or dots. The conveyor belt moved at a belt speed of 5 m / min. These dots were dried with infrared light in a drying chamber to produce the fragrance-containing particles of the present disclosure.

[0162] Table 6: Composition of granules (wet)

[0163]

[0164] It should be noted that not all of the activities described above in the general description or examples are required, a portion of a specific activity may not be required, and one or more additional activities may be performed in addition to those described. Furthermore, the order in which the activities are listed is not necessarily the order in which they are performed.

[0165] In the foregoing description, the concepts have been described with reference to specific embodiments. However, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims. Therefore, this description should be considered illustrative rather than restrictive, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

[0166] Benefits, other advantages, and solutions to problems have been described above in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, benefits, advantages, solutions to problems, and any one or more features that may cause any benefit, advantage, or solution to appear or make it more obvious should not be construed as key, necessary, or essential features of any or all claims.

[0167] It should be understood that certain features described herein in the context of separate embodiments for clarity may also be provided in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features described in the context of a single embodiment for brevity may also be provided separately or in any sub-combination.

Claims

1. A fragrance-containing particle comprising: (a) greater than 35% flavoring material; (b) 1% to 30% of an inorganic density enhancing additive; and (c) 1% to 50% of a carbohydrate carrier; The particles have a skeletal density of 1.00 g / mL to 1.40 g / mL and a bulk density of 0.20 g / mL to 1.40 g / mL, preferably 0.30 g / mL to 0.60 g / mL.

2. The particle according to claim 1, wherein The particles have: (i) Water activity (a) < 0.6 at 25°C w ); and / or (ii) an average particle weight of 1 mg to 10 mg, or 3 mg to 7 mg; and / or (iii) an average mean diameter in the range of 1 mm to 5 mm, or 2 mm to 3 mm.

3. The particle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The particle comprises one or more intra-particle air voids formed by heating the particle to evaporate water from the particle, preferably, the air voids comprise a combination of spherical and non-spherical air voids.

4. A particle as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein The inorganic density enhancing additive is selected from the group consisting of titanium dioxide, talc, silicon dioxide, calcium carbonate, calcium silicate, sodium silicate, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium silicate, magnesium aluminum silicate, clay (e.g., bentonite), trisodium phosphate and combinations thereof, preferably, the inorganic density enhancing additive is titanium dioxide and / or calcium silicate.

5. A particle as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein The particles have a biorenewable carbon (BRC) content of at least 50%, at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90% or at least 95%, based on the weight of the particles.

6. A particle as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein According to the olfactory test as described in the present disclosure, the particles have a persistent and / or stronger perceived intensity of the fragrance characteristics compared to the comparative spray-dried fragrance-containing powder, particularly attributed to the characteristics of high volatility fragrance materials (i.e., top notes) with a vapor pressure of greater than 0.1 Torr (0.0133 kPa) at 25°C, preferably, the high volatility fragrance materials are selected from the group consisting of butyl acetate, ethyl-2-methylbutyrate, isoamyl acetate, chamomile, sorbitol esters, orange oil, C-6 acetate, isoamyl acetate, allyl hexanoate and combinations thereof.

7. A particle as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein The carbohydrate carrier comprises starch, modified starch, polysaccharide, cellulose, pectin or a mixture thereof, preferably, the carbohydrate carrier comprises starch selected from the group consisting of corn starch, potato starch, rice starch, tapioca starch and a mixture thereof, preferably, the carbohydrate carrier comprises modified starch.

8. A particle as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein The particles are formed from droplets obtainable from a deposition method comprising: (i) depositing an emulsion having a viscosity of 1,000 to 20,000 m·Pas, preferably 2,000 to 10,000 m·Pas at 25°C; and (ii) optionally drying the deposited emulsion at a temperature of 75°C to 130°C, preferably 80°C to 125°C.

9. A particle as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein The fragrance material comprises neat fragrance.

10. A particle as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein Compared to the spray-dried flavored powder, the particles exhibit an increased minimum ignition energy (MIE) value and / or a reduced Kst value measured according to ASTM E2019, preferably, the particles exhibit an MIE value (measured according to ASTM E2019) of ≥1,000 mJ, ≥5,000 mJ, ≥7,500 mJ, or ≥10,000 mJ, more preferably >10,000 mJ; and / or a Kst value of dust hazard class St-1 (low explosion risk) or St-0 (no explosion risk), preferably St-0.

11. A consumer product comprising particles as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the consumer product is selected from the group consisting of powdered laundry detergents, powdered automatic dishwasher detergents, animal bedding, bath salts, room deodorizers, room dehumidifiers, powdered fabric bleaches, soap powders and powdered cleaners, preferably the consumer product is animal bedding, more preferably the animal bedding has one or more properties selected from the group consisting of enhanced malodour control, lower carryover and lower dusting compared to animal bedding comprising a spray dried perfumed powder.

12. The consumer product of claim 11, wherein: The consumer product is animal bedding, preferably cat litter, and further comprises particulate material having a bulk density of 0.35 g / mL to 1.40 g / mL, preferably the cat litter has a ratio of bulk density of the particulate material to bulk density of the fragrance-containing particles of no more than 4:

1.

13. The consumer product of claim 11 or 12, wherein: The perfume-containing particles and the particulate material have a particle size dispersion index (PSDI) of <0.2 (standard deviation / mean), preferably the particles are uniformly blended with the particulate material, preferably the particulate material comprises an absorbent material and has an average particle size in the range of 400 μm to 4.0 mm, and optionally comprises at least one performance enhancing active selected from the group consisting of: an antimicrobial agent, an odor absorber, an odor inhibitor, a binder that promotes agglomeration, a health indicating material, a non-sticky release agent, a light mineral, a milling material, and combinations thereof.

14. A method of producing animal bedding, the method comprising: (i) providing a particulate material comprising an absorbent material and optionally at least one performance enhancing active selected from the group consisting of an antimicrobial agent, an odor absorber, an odor inhibitor, a binder that promotes agglomeration, a health indicating material, a non-sticky release agent, a lightweight mineral, a milled material, and combinations thereof; as well as (ii) mixing the particle according to any one of claims 1 to 10 with the particulate material; Wherein the particulate material has an average particle size in the range of 400 μm to 4 mm.

15. A method of imparting a scent to animal litter, the method comprising mixing: (i) 0.02 wt% to 5 wt% of the particles according to any one of claims 1 to 10, relative to the total weight of the animal litter, and (ii) 99.98 wt% to 95 wt% of particulate material relative to the total weight of the animal litter, Preferably, the animal litter exhibits one or more properties selected from the group consisting of enhanced malodor control, lower carryover, and lower dusting compared to animal litter comprising the spray-dried fragrance-containing powder.

Images