An active vibration reduction device for high-speed precision seed metering based on Watt linkage

Abstract

The present invention discloses an active vibration reduction device for a high-speed precision seed meter based on a Watt's linkage. The seed meter and a high-precision posture sensor are mounted on a housing. A first side column and a second side column are respectively fixed to the ends of a top beam. The first and second long-rod mounting points of the first and second Watt's linkage groups are connected to the first side column bearing of the frame, and the first and second long-rod mounting points of the first and second Watt's linkage groups are connected to the second side column bearing of the frame. The first and second fulcrums of the first and second Watt's linkage groups are hinged to the Watt's linkage fixing holes on the housing. The upper and lower ends of the first and second cylinders are respectively fixed to the frame and the housing, and the lower ends of the first and second cylinders are respectively fixedly connected to the first and second sides of the housing. The present invention adopts a Watt's linkage structure, which can effectively prevent lateral deviation of the seed meter and keep the longitudinal vibration amplitude within a small range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of sowing machine parts, and in particular relates to an active vibration reduction device for a high-speed precision seed metering device based on a Watt connecting rod. Background Art

[0002] Precision seeding technology is widely used in corn cultivation in my country to improve seeding accuracy, thereby increasing corn germination rate, emergence rate, and ultimate yield. As a key component of precision seeding technology, the stability of the seed meter directly determines seeding accuracy and yield.

[0003] During field operations, the complex topography of farmland, coupled with fluctuations in soil hardness and moisture, often results in uneven ground. This impact is particularly pronounced when a seeder is operating at high speeds. During high-speed travel, the seeder is not only subject to the intense jolting caused by the terrain, but also to intense vibrations generated by the high-speed operation of the engine and transmission system. These vibrations significantly impact the seeder's operational stability and the working posture of the seeding mechanism, causing frequent fluctuations in the opening and closing of the seeding port, significantly reducing seeding accuracy.

[0004] Impaired seeding accuracy directly leads to uneven sowing and unbalanced crop distribution within the field. In some areas, overcrowding creates competition for resources, limiting growth, while in other areas, a lack of seedlings or broken ridges wastes land resources. These sowing quality issues not only reduce crop yields but also significantly increase the difficulty of field management. The vibrations caused by high-speed operation increase the complexity and cost of seedling replacement, weeding, and fertilization.

[0005] To address the issue of missed seeds caused by vibration during high-speed seeding, domestic and international researchers have conducted numerous technical studies and innovations, improving the seeding mechanism's structure to enhance operational reliability. However, these improvements primarily focus on improving seeding performance, resulting in a high degree of structural complexity. Furthermore, these studies primarily focus on optimizing the seed transport process, leaving vibration unaddressed. Therefore, a vibration damping device for the seeding mechanism is being developed to address the difficulty in maintaining the stability of the mechanism's overall posture. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the demand for high-speed precision seeding in modern agriculture in the background technology, the present invention provides an active vibration reduction device for a high-speed precision seed meter based on a Watt connecting rod, which can ensure uniform distribution of seeds in the field, reduce seeding quality problems caused by vibration, thereby improving corn production efficiency and achieving efficient and accurate mechanized seeding operations. The technical solution includes: a housing, a frame, a first cylinder, a second cylinder, an air pump, a first tension spring and a second tension spring, wherein the housing is equipped with a seed meter and a high-precision posture sensor;

[0007] The frame fixed to the tractor frame includes: a top beam, a first side column, a second side column, and a bottom sill forming a rectangular frame, wherein the first side column and the second side column are respectively fixed to both ends of the top beam; the first and second long rod mounting points of the first and second Watt connecting rod groups are connected to the first side column bearing of the frame, and the first and second long rod mounting points of the first and second Watt connecting rod groups are connected to the second side column bearing of the frame; the first and second fulcrums of the first and second Watt connecting rod groups are hinged to the Watt connecting rod fixing holes on the housing, and the housing is displaced along the line connecting the first and second fulcrums;

[0008] The upper ends of the first cylinder and the second cylinder are fixed to the first side column and the second side column respectively, and the lower ends of the first cylinder and the second cylinder are fixedly connected to the cylinder fixing holes on the first side and the second side of the shell respectively; the air ports at both ends of the first cylinder body are connected to the air pump through two-position three-way solenoid valves, and the air ports at both ends of the second cylinder body are installed with speed regulating valves, and the first two-position three-way solenoid valve and the high-precision posture sensor are connected to the control system; the upper ends of the first tension spring and the second tension spring are connected to the first side column and the second side column respectively;

[0009] The upper ends of the first tension spring and the second tension spring are pinned to the first side column and the second side column through a tension spring frame fixing pin, and the lower ends of the first tension spring and the second tension spring are connected to the first side and the second side of the shell through a tension spring shell fixing pin and a thin hexagonal nut; wherein the tension spring shell fixing pin passes through the tension spring fixing hole on the shell, and the two thin hexagonal nuts below are hung from below the tension spring fixing hole, and the thin hexagonal nut and the tension spring shell fixing pin are threadedly connected.

[0010] The first Watt connecting rod assembly comprises: a first group of first long rods, a first group of short rods, and a first group of second long rods; a first side column, the first group of first long rods, the first group of short rods, the first group of second long rods, and the second side column are sequentially connected via bearings; a first long rod mounting point in the middle of the first group of short rods is hinged to the housing; the first group of first long rods and the first group of second long rods are equal in length;

[0011] The second Watt connecting rod group includes: a second group of first long rods, a second group of short rods and a second group of second long rods, the first side column, the second group of first long rods, the second group of short rods, the second group of second long rods and the second side column are connected in sequence through bearings, the middle of the second group of short rods and the second long rod mounting point are hinged to the shell; the second group of first long rods and the second group of second long rods are equal in length.

[0012] The first fulcrum is set at the center of the first group of short rods, and the first fulcrum is equidistant from the connection point of the first group of first long rods and the connection point of the first group of second long rods;

[0013] The second fulcrum is located in the center of the second group of short rods, and the distance between the second fulcrum and the connection point of the second group of first long rods and the connection point of the second group of second long rods is equal.

[0014] The first group of first long rods, the first group of second long rods, the second group of first long rods and the second group of second long rods have the same structure, all including: a screw rod, two rod end joints, a deep groove ball bearing and a spiral clamping mechanism; wherein the inner sides of the two rod end joints are connected to the screw rod through a spiral clamping mechanism, and the outer ends of the two rod end joints are installed with deep groove ball bearings, which are fixed in the rod end joints.

[0015] The air pump is fixed to the bottom sill.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. The Watt linkage structure of this invention effectively prevents lateral deviation of the seed meter and keeps longitudinal vibration amplitude and acceleration within a small range. By effectively limiting lateral and longitudinal deviation of the seed meter during operation, the accuracy of the sowing interval is ensured, significantly improving sowing stability and qualified rate.

[0018] 2. The present invention integrates suspension damping and active control systems, which can effectively buffer the adverse effects of frame vibration, reduce the vibration amplitude and acceleration of the seed meter, reduce seed drop and missed sowing, and improve operation reliability.

[0019] 3. The suspension vibration damping structure of the present invention features a simple design and a small lateral footprint, thus taking up little space. This facilitates installation and use in complex farmland environments. This reduces overall equipment maintenance costs and operational complexity, improves crop planting efficiency, and reduces missed planting rates. In particular, it significantly enhances corn planting efficiency and operational quality.

[0020] 4. By adjusting the opening of the speed control valve to change the damping coefficient, the second cylinder provides effective energy buffering, so that the vibration reduction device adapts to various vibration environments, thereby improving the overall sowing quality and efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is an axonometric diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of an active vibration reduction device for a high-speed precision seed metering device based on a Watt connecting rod according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a rear view of the overall structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a side view of the overall structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a front view of the overall structure of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a housing in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 2 is a structural diagram of two sets of Watt connecting rod groups in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 1. A structural diagram of each long rod in a Watt connecting rod assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of a tension spring suspension group according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the cylinder active control group in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of a cylinder damping group in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 11 2 is a structural diagram of the second cylinder in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Among them, 100-shell, 110-cylinder fixing hole, 120-tension spring fixing hole, 130-Watt connecting rod fixing hole, 140-seeder fixing hole, 200-first Watt connecting rod group, 210-first group first long rod, 211-first long rod installation point, 220-first group short rod, 221-first fulcrum, 230-first group second long rod, 231-first second long rod installation point, 300-second Watt connecting rod group, 310-second group first long rod, 311-second long rod installation point, 320-second group short rod, 321-second fulcrum, 330-second group second long rod, 331-second Second long rod mounting point, 400-frame, 410-first side column, 420-second side column, 500-first tension spring suspension group, 510-tension spring frame fixing pin, 530-tension spring housing fixing pin, 540-thin hexagonal nut, 700-first cylinder damping group, 720-first cylinder, 750-two-position three-way solenoid valve, 760-air pump, 770-high-precision posture sensor, 800-second cylinder damping group, 820-second cylinder, 830-speed control valve, 600-second tension spring suspension group, 900-seeder, 212-screw, 213-screw clamping mechanism, 215-deep groove ball bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 11 The embodiment of the present invention shown includes:

[0035] The seed meter 900 is used to evenly distribute seeds for sowing, and is fixed to the housing 100 through the seed meter fixing hole 140 on the housing 100;

[0036] The housing 100 is used to install the seed metering device 900 and the high-precision posture sensor 770. The first fulcrum 221 and the second fulcrum 321 of the first Watt linkage assembly 200 and the second Watt linkage assembly 300 are hinged to the Watt linkage fixing hole 130 on the housing 100.

[0037] The frame 400 is fixed to the tractor frame and includes: a top beam 430, a first side column 410, a second side column 420 and a bottom sill 440 forming a rectangular frame, wherein the first side column 410 and the second side column 420 are respectively fixed to the two ends of the top beam 430; the first long rod mounting point 211 and the second long rod mounting point 311 of the first Watt connecting rod group 200 and the second Watt connecting rod group 300 are connected to the first side column 410 of the frame 400 with a bearing connection, and the first and second long rod mounting points 231 and the second and second long rod mounting points 311 of the first Watt connecting rod group 200 and the second Watt connecting rod group 300 are connected to the first side column 410 of the frame 400 with a bearing connection. The rod mounting point 331 is connected to the bearing of the second side column 420 of the frame 400; the two sets of first Watt connecting rod group 200 and second Watt connecting rod group 300 with proportional dimensions (1:1 in this embodiment) constrain the movement direction of the housing 100 to the direction of the line connecting the first fulcrum 221 and the second fulcrum 321, that is, the line connecting the two fulcrums is in the up-down direction; due to the constraint of the line connecting the two fulcrums in the two sets of Watt connecting rods, the frame 400 has only one degree of freedom; therefore, when field operations encounter vibrations, the seed meter will not deviate laterally, and the longitudinal deviation will also be kept within a small range. This suspension mechanism effectively avoids longitudinal or lateral rotation of the mechanism, thereby maximizing the consistency of the sowing interval and improving the stability of the structure;

[0038] The first cylinder 720 and the second cylinder 820 have their upper ends fixed to the first side column 410 and the second side column 420, respectively, and their lower ends fixedly connected to the cylinder fixing holes 110 on the first and second sides of the housing 100, respectively. The air ports at both ends of the cylinder body of the first cylinder 720 are connected to the air pump 760 via two-position three-way solenoid valves 750, respectively. The air ports at both ends of the cylinder body of the second cylinder 820 are both installed with speed regulating valves 830. The first two-position three-way solenoid valve 750 and the high-precision posture sensor 770 are connected to the control system.

[0039] The air pump 760 controls and pulls the first cylinder 720 through the first two-position three-way solenoid valve 750 during operation, causing the frame 400 to move and form a suspended state. The air pump 760 is fixed to the bottom sill 440.

[0040] The first tension spring 500 and the second tension spring 600, the upper ends of the first tension spring 500 and the second tension spring 600 are connected to the first side column 410 and the second side column 420 respectively, the upper ends of the first tension spring 500 and the second tension spring 600 are pinned to the first side column 410 and the second side column 420 through the tension spring frame fixing pin 510, and the lower ends of the first tension spring 500 and the second tension spring 600 are connected to the first side and the second side of the housing 100 through the tension spring housing fixing pin 530 and the thin hexagonal nut 540; wherein the tension spring housing fixing pin 530 passes through the tension spring fixing hole 120 on the housing 100, and the lower ends of the first tension spring 500 and the second tension spring 600 are connected to the first side and the second side of the housing 100. Two thin hexagonal nuts 540 are hooked from below the tension spring fixing hole 120. The thin hexagonal nuts 540 are threadedly connected to the tension spring housing fixing pin 530, thereby tightening the first tension spring 500 and the second tension spring 600 through their respective tension spring housing fixing pins 530. The first and second tension springs 500 and 600 ensure that the seed meter can be suspended in a stable horizontal position even when the air pump 760 is not operating. They also form a flexible connection between the seed meter and the frame, which can also buffer the impact of frame vibration on the seed meter during sowing (when the air pump 760 and high-precision posture sensor 770 are operating). By selecting the appropriate spring stiffness coefficient, the optimal response speed and buffering effect can be achieved, thereby reducing the missed seeding rate and improving the seeding qualification rate.

[0041] like Figure 11 The cylinder damping assembly 800 shown here is used for energy buffering and vibration reduction of the seed meter 900. It includes a second cylinder 820 and two speed control valves 830. When the free end of the second cylinder 820 reciprocates with the vibration of the housing 100 and the seed meter 900, its weak damping dissipates the vibration energy of the seed meter. When faced with vibrations of different frequencies and amplitudes, the damping coefficient of the cylinder damping can be adjusted by adjusting the opening of the speed control valve, achieving high damping for large amplitudes and low damping for small amplitudes, ensuring the stability of the seed meter and a more appropriate buffering effect.

[0042] like Figure 10 The active cylinder control unit 700 shown here is used for active position control and vibration reduction of the seed meter 900. It includes a first cylinder 720, a two-position, three-way solenoid valve 750, an air pump 760, and a high-precision position sensor 770. The high-precision position sensor 770 detects the vibration of the seed meter. The air pressure of the air pump 760 is dynamically adjusted based on the vibration amplitude, and the opening direction of the two-position, three-way solenoid valve 750 is adjusted based on the vibration direction, achieving active position control of the seed meter.

[0043] like Figure 2 and Figure 6The first Watt connecting rod assembly 200 shown includes: a first group of first long rods 210, a first group of short rods 220 and a first group of second long rods 230. The first side column 410, the first group of first long rods 210, the first group of short rods 220, the first group of second long rods 230 and the second side column 420 are connected in sequence via bearings. The first long rod mounting point 211 in the middle of the first group of short rods 220 is hinged to the housing 100. The first group of first long rods 210 and the first group of second long rods 230 are of equal length, and the length ratio of the first group of first long rods 210 and the first group of short rods 220 is 3:1. A first fulcrum 221 is provided in the center of the first group of short rods 220, and the first fulcrum 221 is equidistant from the connection point of the first group of first long rods 210 and the connection point of the first group of second long rods 230.

[0044] like Figure 2 and Figure 7 The second Watt's connecting rod assembly 300 shown includes: a second group of first long rods 310, a second group of short rods 320, and a second group of second long rods 330. The first side column 410, the second group of first long rods 310, the second group of short rods 320, the second group of second long rods 330, and the second side column 420 are connected in sequence via bearings. The middle portion of the second group of short rods 320 and the second-first long rod mounting point 311 are hinged to the housing 100. The second group of first long rods 310 and the second group of second long rods 330 are of equal length, and the length ratio of the second group of first long rods 310 and the second group of short rods 320 is 3:1. A second fulcrum 321 is provided in the center of the second group of short rods 320, and the second fulcrum 321 is equidistant from the connection point of the second group of first long rods 310 and the connection point of the second group of second long rods 330.

[0045] like Figure 8 As shown, the first group of first long rods 210, the first group of second long rods 230, the second group of first long rods 310 and the second group of second long rods 330 have the same structure, all including: a screw rod 212, two rod end joints 216, a deep groove ball bearing 215 and a spiral clamping mechanism 213; wherein, the inner sides of the two rod end joints 216 are connected to the screw rod 212 through the spiral clamping mechanism 213, and the outer ends of the two rod end joints 216 are installed with deep groove ball bearings 215, and the deep groove ball bearings 215 are interference fit in the rod end joints 216. The deep groove ball bearings and the hinged structure make the rotational resistance of the overall mechanism smaller, which is conducive to the operation of the vibration reduction device.

[0046] In the static state, two tension springs (first tension spring 500 and second tension spring 600) ensure the positioning of the seed meter by pulling the frame fixing pin and the shell fixing pin; the length of the tension spring can be changed by adjusting the position of the thin hexagonal nut 540 on the shell positioning pin.

[0047] During operation, the air pump 760 is first turned on, and the first air cylinder 720 is contracted by controlling the two-position three-way solenoid valve 750, thereby causing the seed metering device 900 to reach the working height.

[0048] Then the sowing operation begins. During the sowing process, the cylinder active control group 700 monitors the displacement of the seed meter in real time through the high-precision posture sensor 770. When the displacement exceeds the set threshold, the system starts active shock absorption and adjusts the cylinder action through closed-loop PID control: when the seed meter deviates upward, the upper port of the two-position three-way solenoid valve 750 is controlled to pressurize and the lower port is controlled to release gas, so that the first cylinder 720 extends and the seed meter 900 moves downward; when the seed meter deviates downward, the lower port of the two-position three-way solenoid valve 750 is controlled to pressurize and the upper port is controlled to release gas, so that the first cylinder 720 shortens and the seed meter 900 moves upward; the control system dynamically adjusts the air pressure input of the air pump 760 according to the size of the displacement to achieve precise control of the displacement, and automatically stops regulation when the displacement is reduced to within the dead zone, significantly improving the stability of the seed meter and sowing accuracy.

[0049] In this embodiment, DA-VMD and wavelet threshold are used to jointly denoise and optimize the displacement signal emitted by the high-precision posture sensor 770.

[0050] In working condition, the two tension springs can also reduce vibration acceleration and play a buffering role.

Claims

1. An active vibration reduction device for a high-speed precision seed metering device based on a Watt linkage, characterized in that: include: A housing (100), a frame (400), a first air cylinder (720), a second air cylinder (820), an air pump (760), a first tension spring (500), and a second tension spring (600), wherein a seed meter (900) and a high-precision posture sensor (770) are mounted on the housing (100); The frame 400 fixed to the tractor frame comprises: a top beam (430) forming a rectangular frame, a first side column (410), a second side column (420) and a bottom sill (440), wherein the first side column (410) and the second side column (420) are respectively fixed to the two ends of the top beam (430); the first long rod mounting point (211) and the second long rod mounting point (311) of the first Watt connecting rod group (200) and the second Watt connecting rod group (300) are connected to the first side column (410) of the frame (400) by bearings, and the first Watt connecting rod group (200) and the second Watt connecting rod group (300) are connected to the first side column (410) of the frame (400) by bearings. The first and second long rod mounting points (231) and the second and second long rod mounting points (331) of the rod group (200) and the second Watt connecting rod group (300) are connected to the second side column (420) of the frame (400) through a bearing; the first fulcrum (221) and the second fulcrum (321) of the first Watt connecting rod group (200) and the second Watt connecting rod group (300) are hinged to the Watt connecting rod fixing hole (130) on the housing (100), and the housing (100) is displaced along the line connecting the first fulcrum (221) and the second fulcrum (321); The upper ends of the first cylinder (720) and the second cylinder (820) are fixed to the first side column (410) and the second side column (420), respectively, and the lower ends of the first cylinder (720) and the second cylinder (820) are fixedly connected to the cylinder fixing holes (110) on the first side and the second side of the shell (100), respectively; the air ports at both ends of the cylinder body of the first cylinder (720) are connected to the air pump (760) through the two-position three-way solenoid valve (750), and the air ports at both ends of the cylinder body of the second cylinder (820) are installed with speed regulating valves (830), and the two-position three-way solenoid valve (750) and the high-precision posture sensor (770) are connected to the control system. The upper ends of the first tension spring (500) and the second tension spring (600) are connected to the first side column (410) and the second side column (420) respectively; the lower ends of the first tension spring (500) and the second tension spring (600) are connected to the first side and the second side of the housing (100) through the tension spring housing fixing pin (530) and the thin hexagonal nut (540); the vibration of the seed metering device is collected by a high-precision posture sensor (770), and the air pressure of the air pump (760) is dynamically adjusted according to the vibration amplitude; the opening direction of the two-position three-way solenoid valve (750) is adjusted according to the direction of the vibration to realize active position control of the seed metering device.

2. The active vibration reduction device for high-speed precision seed metering device based on Watt linkage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper ends of the first tension spring (500) and the second tension spring (600) are pin-connected to the first side column (410) and the second side column (420) via a tension spring frame fixing pin (510); the tension spring housing fixing pin (530) passes through the tension spring fixing hole (120) on the housing (100); two thin hexagonal nuts (540) below are hung from below the tension spring fixing hole (120); and the thin hexagonal nuts (540) and the tension spring housing fixing pin (530) are threadedly connected.

3. The active vibration reduction device for high-speed precision seed metering device based on Watt linkage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first Watt connecting rod group (200) comprises: a first group of first long rods (210), a first group of short rods (220) and a first group of second long rods (230); a first side column (410), the first group of first long rods (210), the first group of short rods (220), the first group of second long rods (230) and the second side column (420) are sequentially connected via bearings; a first long rod mounting point (211) in the middle of the first group of short rods (220) is hinged to the housing (100); the first group of first long rods (210) and the first group of second long rods (230) are equal in length; The second Watt connecting rod group (300) comprises: a second group of first long rods (310), a second group of short rods (320) and a second group of second long rods (330); a first side column (410), the second group of first long rods (310), the second group of short rods (320), the second group of second long rods (330) and the second side column (420) are sequentially connected via bearings; the middle of the second group of short rods (320) and the second first long rod mounting point (311) are hinged to the housing (100); the second group of first long rods (310) and the second group of second long rods (330) are equal in length.

4. The active vibration reduction device for high-speed precision seed metering device based on Watt linkage according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The first fulcrum (221) is located at the center of the first group of short rods (220), and the first fulcrum (221) is equidistant from a connection point of the first group of first long rods (210) and a connection point of the first group of second long rods (230); The second fulcrum (321) is located at the center of the second group of short rods (320), and the distance between the second fulcrum (321) and the connection point of the second group of first long rods (310) and the connection point of the second group of second long rods (330) is equal.

5. The active vibration reduction device for high-speed precision seed metering device based on Watt linkage according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The first group of first long rods (210), the first group of second long rods (230), the second group of first long rods (310) and the second group of second long rods (330) have the same structure, and all include: a screw rod (212), two rod end joints (216), a deep groove ball bearing (215) and a spiral clamping mechanism (213); wherein the inner sides of the two rod end joints (216) are connected to the screw rod (212) through the spiral clamping mechanism (213), and the outer ends of the two rod end joints (216) are installed with deep groove ball bearings (215), and the deep groove ball bearings (215) are fixed in the rod end joints (216).

6. The active vibration reduction device for high-speed precision seed metering device based on Watt linkage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air pump (760) is fixed to the bottom sill (440).

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