An inland city insect community structure and diversity monitoring device and method

Abstract

The application discloses an inland city insect community structure and diversity monitoring device and method, which comprises a bearing column, the top of which is provided with an outer shell, the inner wall of the outer shell is rotationally provided with an inner shell, the outer wall of the outer shell and the inner shell is provided with a through port one, the outer shell and the bearing column are communicated through a guide pipeline, and the inner shell bottom of the outer shell is provided with an insect collecting part; an insect trapping mechanism is arranged in the inner shell, the insect trapping mechanism comprises an insect trapping lamp, a gas supply part and a driving part which is used for driving the inner shell to rotate by a preset angle; and the bottom of the insect trapping lamp is further provided with an image acquisition device. The insect trapping mechanism can attract flying insects and crawling insects into the inner shell, the image data of the insects in the inner shell are collected by the image acquisition device and sent to an external monitoring terminal for analysis and processing, so that the insect community and diversity data are obtained, the monitoring efficiency is high, the collected insect data is more extensive, and the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the monitoring result are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of insect monitoring technology, specifically to a device and method for monitoring the structure and diversity of insect communities in inland cities. Background Technology

[0002] Insects are an important component of biodiversity in urban ecosystems. They are numerous, widely distributed, and have diverse diets. They occupy an important intermediate link in the complex food web of the ecosystem and play an indispensable role in the energy flow, material transformation, and natural balance of the urban ecosystem. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the insect community structure and diversity.

[0003] Traditional monitoring methods involve manually searching and collecting insects in each survey plot by means of sweeping nets, netting, and shaking. The captured insects are then placed in poison bottles or 75% alcohol bottles and taken back indoors for specimen preparation, identification, and statistical analysis to monitor insect community structure and diversity. However, the above monitoring methods have the following drawbacks:

[0004] 1. The efficiency is relatively low, it requires a lot of manual labor, and it is not easy to capture insects, which not only affects the progress of monitoring, but also limits the accuracy and comprehensiveness of monitoring results;

[0005] 2. After each insect collection, it is necessary to use liquid to make the insects unconscious. However, this method increases the workload of manual labor, and the liquid (poison or alcohol) can easily cause certain harm to the manual laborers, posing a safety hazard.

[0006] To this end, we propose a device and method for monitoring the structure and diversity of insect communities in inland cities. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device and method for monitoring the insect community structure and diversity in inland cities, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A device for monitoring the structure and diversity of insect communities in inland cities, comprising:

[0010] The support column has an outer shell at its top, and an inner shell is rotatably provided on the inner wall of the outer shell. Both the outer shell and the inner shell have several sets of interconnected openings on their outer walls. The lower ends of the outer shell and the support column are connected by a guide pipe. The inner wall of the inner shell has an opening that is connected to the guide pipe. The lower end of the outer wall of the support column has a guide opening. An insect collection part is provided inside the outer shell and at the bottom of the inner shell.

[0011] An insect trapping mechanism, located within the inner shell, comprises:

[0012] The insect-attracting lamp is located on the top wall of the outer shell and within the inner cavity of the inner shell.

[0013] Gas inlet section, used to supply gas into the inner shell and the inner cavity of the guide pipe;

[0014] The drive unit is used to drive the inner shell to rotate at a preset angle, so that the opening one on the outer shell and the inner shell are misaligned, and the opening two and the guide pipe are misaligned.

[0015] The bottom of the insect-attracting lamp is also equipped with an image acquisition device that is wirelessly connected to an external monitoring terminal. The image acquisition device is used to collect image data of insects entering the inner shell.

[0016] A further improvement is that the insect collecting section includes:

[0017] A funnel is connected to the bottom of the inner shell. The discharge end of the funnel is rotatably connected to one end of the inlet pipe. A solenoid valve is installed inside the inlet pipe. The other end of the inlet pipe passes eccentrically through the bottom of the outer shell.

[0018] A loading ring is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the outer casing and is on the same axis as the outer casing. Several sets of placement bottles are inserted at the bottom of the loading ring to correspond to the other end of the inlet tube and to allow insects to enter.

[0019] An intermittent rotating part is located on the outer wall of the loading ring and is connected to the drive part for transmission. The drive part drives the loading ring to rotate intermittently by a preset angle so that a bottle is placed in direct correspondence with the other end of the inlet tube.

[0020] A further improvement is that the gas supply unit includes:

[0021] An exhaust fan is mounted on a housing. The output end of the exhaust fan has a diversion section. One side of the diversion section is connected to a connecting pipe one and a connecting pipe two, respectively. The diversion section is connected to a drive unit. The drive unit drives the gas supplied by the exhaust fan into the connecting pipe one or the connecting pipe two. The connecting pipe one is connected to the diversion pipe. The diversion pipe is located on the top wall of the housing and has several sets of interconnected air outlets at its bottom. The connecting pipe one is also connected to an anesthetic sprayer through a one-way pipe one. The anesthetic sprayer is used to supply anesthetic to the connecting pipe one.

[0022] The storage tank is located on the outer shell and stores bait inside. One end of the tank is connected to one end of the connecting pipe 2, and the other end is connected to one-way pipe 2 and one-way vent pipe. The one-way pipe 2 is connected to the diversion pipe, and the one-way vent pipe extends into the inner shell and corresponds to the end of the guide pipe away from the bearing column.

[0023] A further improvement is that the drive unit includes:

[0024] A rotating device is mounted on a housing, the output end of which extends into the inner housing and is provided with a gear, and the inner wall of the inner housing is provided with a toothed groove that meshes with the gear.

[0025] A rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the top of the housing and is connected to the output end of the rotating device. The rotating shaft is also connected to the intermittent rotating part and the diverting part.

[0026] A further improvement is that the intermittent rotating part includes:

[0027] The ratchet is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the loading ring;

[0028] A pawl is located in the ratchet teeth on the outer wall of the ratchet wheel. The pawl is rotatably connected to one end of a movable plate via a rotating shaft. The other end of the movable plate is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft. When the rotating device drives the inner shell to rotate and reset, the pawl is driven by the rotating shaft to rotate the loading ring in the first direction by a preset angle.

[0029] A limiting pawl is provided in the ratchet teeth on the outer wall of the ratchet and connected to the outer wall of the housing through a torsion spring shaft. It is used to limit the ratchet from rotating in a second direction, where the first direction and the second direction are opposite to each other.

[0030] A further improvement is that the diversion section includes:

[0031] A diverter seat is provided on the outer casing. One side of the diverter seat is connected to the output end of the induced draft device, and the other side of the diverter seat is provided with a first output end and a second output end, which are connected to the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe, respectively, from bottom to top.

[0032] A movable plate is inserted into the top of the distributor seat, and its bottom is connected to the bottom wall of the distributor seat through an elastic element. The movable plate has an air outlet that communicates with the second output end. When the air outlet is directly aligned with the second output end, the first output end is closed by the movable plate.

[0033] A contact rod is connected to a movable plate at one end and eccentrically slides against a disc at the other end. The disc is fixedly mounted on the top of the rotating shaft. An arc-shaped protrusion is provided on the top of the disc. After the inner shell rotates at a preset angle, the arc-shaped protrusion contacts the contact rod and drives the contact rod to move the movable plate upward to a preset position, so that the second output end is closed by the movable plate and the first output end is opened.

[0034] A further improvement is that the outer wall of the outer shell is provided with electrical equipment that is electrically connected to the insect-attracting lamp, image acquisition device, solenoid valve, air-expelling device and anesthetic sprayer. The electrical equipment is also electrically connected to an external monitoring terminal. The electrical equipment includes: a protective shell, a controller and a wireless communicator disposed within the protective shell.

[0035] A further improvement is that the outer casing is equipped with a photovoltaic device that is electrically connected to the electrical equipment.

[0036] A method for monitoring insect community structure and diversity in inland cities, utilizing the aforementioned monitoring device, includes the following steps:

[0037] S1: Select a survey plot and install the support column in the survey plot. During monitoring, turn on the insect-attracting lamp and the gas supply unit. The insect-attracting lamp and the gas in the inner shell can attract flying insects to enter the inner shell cavity through the opening. At the same time, the gas flows in the guide pipe and is discharged from the guide port, attracting crawling insects to enter the inner shell cavity through the guide pipe.

[0038] S2: After the insect-attracting lamp and gas supply unit are turned on for a preset time, the inner shell is rotated by a preset angle by opening the drive unit, so that the opening on the outer shell and the inner shell is misaligned, and the opening on the second port and the guide pipe are misaligned.

[0039] S3: The image acquisition device collects insect image data from the inner shell and sends the insect image data from the inner shell to the external monitoring terminal for analysis and processing to obtain insect community and diversity data. The insects inside the inner shell are then collected by the insect collection unit.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0041] 1) This invention can be installed on survey sites. The insect trapping mechanism can lure flying and crawling insects into the inner shell. The image acquisition device collects the image data of the insects in the inner shell and sends it to the external monitoring terminal for analysis and processing, thereby obtaining insect community and diversity data. The monitoring efficiency is high, the manual labor is low, and the insect data collected is more extensive, ensuring the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the monitoring results.

[0042] 2) This invention drives the inner shell to rotate by the drive unit, which causes the openings on the outer shell and the inner shell to be misaligned, and the openings on the second opening and the guide tube to be misaligned. This prevents insects that have entered the inner shell from escaping. At this time, the diversion unit, together with the anesthetic sprayer, can anesthetize the insects located in the inner shell. The anesthetized insects are then guided into a storage bottle by gas, funnel and guide tube for storage. This allows them to be brought back indoors by humans for specimen preparation, identification and data analysis. This method reduces the workload of humans and is less likely to cause harm to humans, making it highly safe to use.

[0043] 3) The present invention also includes an intermittent rotating part, which synchronously drives the assembly ring to rotate by a preset angle each time the driving part causes the inner shell to rotate and reset, so that the other placement bottle corresponds to the guide tube, which facilitates the classification and placement of insects captured in different time periods, improves the applicability of the monitoring device, and improves the efficiency of insect collection. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring device structure of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Another perspective structural diagram;

[0046] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 AA section view in the middle;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the gas supply section structure of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the drive unit structure of the present invention.

[0049] In the diagram: 1. Support column; 2. Outer shell; 3. Inner shell; 4. Through-hole one; 5. Insect-attracting lamp; 6. Image acquisition device; 7. Funnel; 8. Inlet pipe; 9. Storage tank; 10. Diverter seat; 11. Connecting pipe one; 12. Anesthetic sprayer; 13. Moving plate; 14. Disc; 15. Arc-shaped protrusion; 16. Contact rod; 17. Air exhaust device; 18. Diverter pipe; 19. One-way exhaust pipe; 20. Guide pipe; 21. Guide port; 22. Movable plate; 23. Rotating shaft; 24. Actuating pawl; 25. Ratchet; 26. Limiting pawl; 27. Placement bottle; 28. Electrical equipment; 29. ​​Photovoltaic equipment; 30. Rotating device. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] Please see Figures 1-3 A device for monitoring the structure and diversity of insect communities in inland cities, comprising:

[0052] The support column 1 has an outer shell 2 at its top and a mounting plate at its bottom for easy installation of the monitoring device in the required location. An inner shell 3 is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the outer shell 2. The upper and lower ends of the inner shell 3 are hollow. The inner shell 3 is connected to the outer shell 2 by a bearing, allowing the inner shell 3 to rotate relative to the outer shell 2. Several sets of interconnected openings 4 are provided on the outer walls of both the outer shell 2 and the inner shell 3. When the openings 4 on the outer shell 2 and the inner shell 3 are aligned, it is convenient for flying insects to enter the inner shell 3. The lower ends of the outer shell 2 and the support column 1 are connected by a guide pipe 20. The inner wall of the guide pipe 20 has a rough surface to facilitate crawling insects. The inner wall of the inner shell 3 has an opening 2 that is connected to the guide pipe 20, allowing crawling insects to enter the inner shell 3 through the guide pipe 20 and the opening 2. A guide opening 21 is provided at the lower end of the outer wall of the support column 1. An insect collection part is provided inside the outer shell 2 and at the bottom of the inner shell 3 to collect insects that have entered the inner shell 3 for subsequent analysis and backtracking.

[0053] The insect trapping mechanism, located within the inner shell 3, includes:

[0054] The insect-attracting lamp 5 is located on the top wall of the outer shell 2 and inside the inner shell 3. It attracts insects by utilizing their phototaxis. It is a conventional electrical device in this field and will not be described in detail here.

[0055] The gas supply unit is used to supply gas into the inner shell 3 and the inner cavity of the guide pipe 20. The gas includes anesthetic gas, insect-attracting gas and air. The anesthetic gas can anesthetize the insects in the inner shell 3 so that the insect collection unit can collect the insects better so that they can be brought back to the room for specimen preparation, identification and statistical data collection. The insect-attracting gas can attract insects into the inner shell 3, and the air can facilitate the entry of insects into the insect collection unit.

[0056] The drive unit is used to drive the inner shell 3 to rotate at a preset angle, so that the opening 4 on the outer shell 2 and the inner shell 3 are misaligned, and the opening 2 and the guide tube 20 are misaligned. When the drive unit drives the inner shell 3 to rotate and reset, the opening 4 on the outer shell 2 and the inner shell 3 are aligned, and the opening 2 and the guide tube 20 are aligned. In this way, it is convenient for insects to enter the inner shell 3 or for insects to be unable to escape from the inner shell 3 after entering the inner shell 3.

[0057] The bottom of the insect-attracting lamp 5 is also equipped with an image acquisition device 6 that is wirelessly connected to an external monitoring terminal. The image acquisition device 6 is a camera and is used to acquire image data of insects entering the inner shell 3.

[0058] The external monitoring terminal includes an analysis module, which can determine the species information of insects in the inner shell 3 by comparing the flight characteristics and morphological characteristics of insects with the corresponding information of known species in the database. By counting the number of insects of each species, the module can analyze the species composition and population distribution of the insect community, understand the main and secondary species of the community, and calculate the diversity index of the insect community, such as the Shannon-Wiener index and the Simpson index, based on the statistical results.

[0059] As a preferred embodiment, the insect collection part includes: a funnel 7 connected to the bottom of the inner shell 3, which rotates with the inner shell 3. The discharge end of the funnel 7 rotates to connect to one end of the inlet pipe 8. A bearing is provided at the connection between the funnel 7 and the inlet pipe 8 so that the rotation of the funnel 7 does not affect the inlet pipe 8. A solenoid valve is provided inside the inlet pipe 8. The other end of the inlet pipe 8 passes eccentrically through the bottom of the outer shell 2. By opening the solenoid valve, insects can enter the inlet pipe 8 through the funnel 7.

[0060] The loading ring is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the outer casing 2 via a bearing and is on the same axis as the outer casing 2. The bottom of the loading ring is provided with several sets of placement bottles 27 that correspond to the other end of the inlet tube 8 and allow insects to enter. The placement bottles 27 and the loading ring can be connected by threads for easy disassembly and assembly.

[0061] An intermittent rotating part is located on the outer wall of the loading ring and is connected to the drive part for transmission. The drive part drives the loading ring to rotate intermittently by a preset angle so that a placement bottle 27 is aligned with the other end of the inlet tube 8, so as to classify and place insects obtained at different time periods.

[0062] Please see Figures 4-5

[0063] Preferably, the gas supply section of this embodiment includes: an exhaust fan 17, which is mounted on the outer casing 2. The exhaust fan 17 is an exhaust fan. The output end of the exhaust fan 17 is provided with a diversion section. One side of the diversion section is connected to a connecting pipe 11 and a connecting pipe 2, respectively. The diversion section is connected to a drive unit. The drive unit drives the gas supplied by the exhaust fan 17 to enter the connecting pipe 11 or the connecting pipe 2. The connecting pipe 11 is connected to a diversion pipe 18. The diversion pipe 18 is annular and is located on the top wall of the outer casing 2. Its bottom is provided with several sets of interconnected gas outlets. The nozzle, connecting pipe 11, is also connected to an anesthetic sprayer 12 via a one-way pipe. The anesthetic sprayer 12 is used to supply anesthetic to the connecting pipe 11. The anesthetic sprayer 12 includes an electric sprayer and a tank connected to the electric sprayer for storing anesthetic. An appropriate amount of anesthetic can be supplied to the connecting pipe 11 through the anesthetic sprayer 12. The anesthetic mixes with the air supplied by the connecting pipe 11 and is sprayed out from the air outlet of the diversion pipe 18 to anesthetize the insects in the inner shell 3, causing the insects to lose consciousness and fall onto the funnel 7, which facilitates the subsequent collection of the insects.

[0064] Storage tank 9, located on the outer shell 2, stores bait inside. Storage tank 9 can be transparent, allowing users to easily observe whether there is enough bait and add it promptly. The bait can be selected according to actual needs, which will not be detailed here. One end of storage tank 9 is connected to one end of connecting pipe 2, and the other end is connected to one-way pipe 2 and one-way air outlet pipe 19. The bait is larger than one-way pipe 2 and one-way air outlet pipe 19 to prevent bait from entering them. One-way pipe 2 is connected to diversion pipe 18. The air outlet pipe 19 extends into the inner shell 3 and corresponds to the end of the guide pipe 20 away from the support column 1. After the gas supplied by the air-drawing device 17 enters the storage tank 9 through the connecting pipe 2, the scent of the bait enters the diversion pipe 18 and the guide pipe 20 through the one-way pipe 2 and the one-way air outlet pipe 19, respectively. The bait gas sprayed from the air outlet of the diversion pipe 18 can better attract insects. At the same time, the bait gas entering the guide pipe 20 is discharged from the guide port 21, attracting reptiles to enter the inner shell 3 through the guide pipe 20.

[0065] The one-way pipe 1, one-way pipe 2 and one-way vent pipe 19 mentioned above are all pipes with internal one-way valves.

[0066] As a preferred embodiment, the driving unit includes: a rotating device 30, which is disposed on the outer shell 2. The output end of the rotating device 30 extends into the inner shell 3 and is provided with a gear. The inner wall of the inner shell 3 is provided with a tooth groove that meshes with the gear. The rotating device 30 includes a servo motor and a reducer. The rotating device 30 controls the rotation of the gear, and then the gear and the tooth groove cooperate to drive the inner shell 3 to rotate relative to the outer shell 2.

[0067] The rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the top of the housing 2 via a bearing and is connected to the output end of the rotating device 30. The rotating shaft and the output end of the rotating device 30 are connected by a sprocket drive assembly (including sprockets and chains), for example. The rotating shaft is also connected to the intermittent rotating part and the diverting part.

[0068] As a preferred embodiment, the intermittent rotating part includes: a ratchet 25, which is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the loading ring, and the ratchet 25 can only rotate in one direction;

[0069] The pawl 24, located in the ratchet teeth on the outer wall of the ratchet 25, is rotatably connected to one end of the movable plate 22 via the rotating shaft 23. The other end of the movable plate 22 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft. When the rotating device 30 drives the inner shell 3 to rotate and reset, the rotating shaft drives the pawl 24 to rotate the loading ring in the first direction by a preset angle. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5The first direction is clockwise, and the second direction is counterclockwise. Specifically, when the rotating device 30 drives the inner shell 3 to rotate, the opening 4 on the outer shell 2 and the inner shell 3 are misaligned. When the opening 2 and the guide tube 20 are misaligned, the rotating shaft is driven synchronously. The rotating shaft drives the movable plate 22. The movable plate 22 drives the pawl 24 to rotate relative to the ratchet 25 in the second direction (counterclockwise) to a preset position through the rotating shaft. When the rotating device 30 drives the inner shell 3 to rotate and reset, the opening 4 on the outer shell 2 and the inner shell 3 are aligned. When the opening 2 and the guide tube 20 are aligned, the rotating shaft is driven synchronously. The rotating shaft drives the movable plate 22. The movable plate 22 drives the pawl 24 to drive the ratchet 25 to rotate in the first direction (clockwise) to a preset angle through the rotating shaft. At this time, a placement bottle 27 is aligned with the other end of the inlet tube 8. In this way, different placement bottles 27 can be aligned with the other end of the inlet tube 8 to store insects.

[0070] A limiting pawl 26 is disposed in the ratchet teeth on the outer wall of the ratchet 25 and connected to the outer wall of the housing 2 via a torsion spring pivot. The torsion spring pivot includes a mounting block, a shaft rotatably disposed on the mounting block, and a torsion spring connecting the shaft and the mounting block, used to limit the rotation of the ratchet 25 in the second direction. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5 This ensures that when the pawl 24 is moved relative to the ratchet 25 and rotates along its ratchet teeth in the second direction (counterclockwise), the ratchet 25 will not rotate in the second direction (counterclockwise), but will only rotate in the first direction (clockwise), and the first and second directions are opposite to each other.

[0071] As a preferred embodiment, the diversion section includes: a diversion seat 10, which is disposed on the outer shell 2. One side of the diversion seat 10 is connected to the output end of the air induced draft device 17, and the other side of the diversion seat 10 is provided with a first output end and a second output end, which are connected to the connecting pipe 11 and the connecting pipe 2 respectively from bottom to top.

[0072] The movable plate 13 is inserted into the top of the diverter 10, and its bottom is connected to the bottom wall of the diverter 10 through an elastic element, such as a spring. The movable plate 13 has an air outlet that communicates with the second output end. When the air outlet is directly aligned with the second output end, the first output end is closed by the movable plate 13, so that the air supplied by the induced draft device 17 enters the diverter 10 and then enters the connecting pipe two from the air outlet and the second output end.

[0073] The contact rod 16 is connected to the moving plate 13 at one end and eccentrically slides against the disc 14 at the other end. A ball bearing can be embedded at the end of the contact rod 16 to contact the disc 14. The disc 14 is fixed to the top of the rotating shaft and rotates with the shaft. The top of the disc 14 has an arc-shaped protrusion 15. After the inner shell 3 rotates by a preset angle, the arc-shaped protrusion 15 contacts the contact rod 16 and drives the contact rod 16 to move the moving plate 13 upwards to a preset position, so that the second output end is closed by the moving plate 13 and the first output end is opened. Specifically, after the inner shell 3 rotates by a preset angle, the outer shell 2 and the inner shell 3... The opening 1 is offset from the 4th opening, and the opening 2 and the guide pipe 20 are offset. At this time, the inner cavity of the inner shell 3 is closed. The air supplied by the ventilation device 17 enters the diverter seat 10 and then enters the connecting pipe 11. An appropriate amount of anesthetic can be injected through the anesthetic sprayer 12. Then, the anesthetic gas mixture forms anesthetic gas, which enters the diverter pipe 18 and is sprayed out from the outlet to anesthetize the insects in the inner shell 3. After the insects are anesthetized, the anesthetic sprayer 12 is closed and the solenoid valve is opened. The air sprayed out through the outlet allows the insects anesthetized on the funnel 7 to enter the inlet pipe 8 and then enter the corresponding placement bottle 27.

[0074] Preferably, the outer wall of the outer casing 2 in this embodiment is provided with an electrical device 28 that is electrically connected to the insect-attracting lamp 5, the image acquisition device 6, the solenoid valve, the ventilation device 17, and the anesthetic sprayer 12. The electrical device 28 is also electrically connected to an external monitoring terminal. The electrical device 28 includes: a protective shell, a controller and a wireless communicator disposed in the protective shell. The controller and the wireless communicator facilitate the user to remotely control the opening or closing of the insect-attracting lamp 5, the image acquisition device 6, the solenoid valve, the ventilation device 17, and the anesthetic sprayer 12, and at the same time facilitate the reception of insect image data collected by the image acquisition device 6.

[0075] Preferably, the housing 2 of this embodiment is provided with a photovoltaic device 29 that is electrically connected to the electrical device 28. The photovoltaic device 29 includes a photovoltaic panel and a battery, which facilitates power supply to the electrical components in the device.

[0076] A method for monitoring insect community structure and diversity in inland cities, utilizing the aforementioned monitoring device, includes the following steps:

[0077] S1: Select a survey plot and install the support column 1 in the survey plot. During monitoring, turn on the insect-attracting lamp 5 and the gas supply unit. The gas from the insect-attracting lamp 5 and the inner shell 3 can attract flying insects to enter the inner cavity of the inner shell 3 through the opening 4. At the same time, the gas flows in the guide pipe 20 and is discharged from the guide port 21, attracting crawling insects to enter the inner cavity of the inner shell 3 through the guide pipe 20.

[0078] When the air induced by ...

[0079] S2: After the insect-attracting lamp 5 and the gas supply unit are turned on for a preset time, the inner shell 3 is rotated by a preset angle by opening the drive unit, so that the opening 4 on the outer shell 2 and the guide pipe 20 are misaligned.

[0080] When the opening 4 on the outer shell 2 and the inner shell 3 is staggered, and the opening 2 and the guide pipe 20 are staggered, the air-guiding device 17 allows the gas to enter the diverter seat 10 and then enter the connecting pipe 11 through the first output end. After the anesthetic sprayer 12 supplies an appropriate amount of anesthetic to the connecting pipe 11 and then closes it, the anesthetic gas enters the diverter pipe 18 and is sprayed out from the outlet to anesthetize the insects that have entered the inner shell 3. After the insects lose consciousness, they fall onto the funnel 7.

[0081] S3: The image acquisition device 6 acquires insect image data of the inner shell 3 and sends the insect image data of the inner shell 3 to the external monitoring terminal for analysis and processing to obtain insect community and diversity data. The insects inside the inner shell 3 are collected through the insect collection unit.

[0082] After collecting insect image data from the inner shell 3, the solenoid valve is opened, and the insects on the funnel 7 enter the inlet tube 8 under the action of the gas sprayed from the outlet, and then enter the corresponding placement bottle 27. Subsequently, the inner shell 3 is rotated and reset by opening the rotating device 30, so that the opening 4 on the outer shell 2 and the inner shell 3 are aligned, and the second opening is aligned with the guide tube 20. At this time, the second connecting tube is connected, and the ratchet 25 drives the loading ring to rotate at a preset angle, so that the other placement bottle 27 is aligned with the inlet tube 8.

[0083] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring the structure and diversity of insect communities in inland cities, characterized in that, include: The support column (1) has an outer shell (2) on its top. The inner wall of the outer shell (2) is rotatably provided with an inner shell (3). The outer walls of the outer shell (2) and the inner shell (3) are provided with several sets of interconnected openings (4). The lower ends of the outer shell (2) and the support column (1) are connected by a guide pipe (20). The inner wall of the inner shell (3) is provided with an opening connected to the guide pipe (20). The lower end of the outer wall of the support column (1) is provided with a guide opening (21). The outer shell (2) is located inside the inner shell (3) and at the bottom of the inner shell (3) is provided with an insect collection part. An insect trapping mechanism is located inside the inner shell (3), and the insect trapping mechanism includes: Insect-attracting lamp (5) is located on the top wall of the outer shell (2) and inside the cavity of the inner shell (3); The gas supply unit is used to supply gas into the inner shell (3) and the inner cavity of the guide pipe (20); The drive unit is used to drive the inner shell (3) to rotate by a preset angle, so that the opening one (4) on the outer shell (2) and the inner shell (3) are misaligned, and the opening two and the guide pipe (20) are misaligned. The bottom of the insect-attracting lamp (5) is also equipped with an image acquisition device (6) that is wirelessly connected to an external monitoring terminal. The image acquisition device (6) is used to acquire image data of insects entering the inner shell (3). The insect collection unit includes: a funnel (7) connected to the bottom of the inner shell (3), the outlet end of the funnel (7) being rotatably connected to one end of the inlet pipe (8), the inlet pipe (8) being provided with a solenoid valve, and the other end of the inlet pipe (8) being eccentrically penetrating the bottom of the outer shell (2); a loading ring rotatably disposed at the bottom of the outer shell (2) and coaxial with the outer shell (2), and a number of placement bottles (27) for corresponding to the other end of the inlet pipe (8) and for insects to enter are inserted at the bottom of the loading ring; an intermittent rotating part disposed on the outer wall of the loading ring and connected to the driving part for transmission, the driving part driving the loading ring to rotate intermittently by a preset angle so that a placement bottle (27) is directly aligned with the other end of the inlet pipe (8); The gas supply unit includes: an exhaust fan (17) mounted on the outer casing (2). The exhaust fan (17) has a diversion section at its output end. One side of the diversion section is connected to a connecting pipe one (11) and a connecting pipe two, respectively. The diversion section is connected to a drive unit. The drive unit drives the gas supplied by the exhaust fan (17) into the connecting pipe one (11) or the connecting pipe two. The connecting pipe one (11) is connected to a diversion pipe (18). The diversion pipe (18) is located on the top wall of the outer casing (2) and has several interconnected air outlets at its bottom. The connecting pipe (11) is also connected to the anesthetic sprayer (12) through the one-way pipe. The anesthetic sprayer (12) is used to supply anesthetic to the connecting pipe (11). The storage tank (9) is located on the outer shell (2) and stores bait inside. One end of the storage tank is connected to one end of the connecting pipe, and the other end is connected to the one-way pipe and the one-way air outlet pipe (19). The one-way pipe is connected to the diversion pipe (18). The one-way air outlet pipe (19) extends into the inner shell (3) and corresponds to the end of the guide pipe (20) away from the support column (1).

2. The monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive unit includes: A rotating device (30) is provided on the outer shell (2). The output end of the rotating device (30) extends into the inner shell (3) and is provided with a gear. The inner wall of the inner shell (3) is provided with a tooth groove that meshes with the gear. A rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the top of the housing (2) and drivenly connected to the output end of the rotating device (30). The rotating shaft is drivenly connected to the intermittent rotating part and the diverting part.

3. The monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The intermittent rotating part includes: Ratchet (25) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the loading ring; A pawl (24) is located in the ratchet teeth on the outer wall of the ratchet wheel (25). The pawl (24) is rotatably connected to one end of the movable plate (22) via a rotating shaft (23). The other end of the movable plate (22) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft. When the rotating device (30) drives the inner shell (3) to rotate and reset, the pawl (24) is driven by the rotating shaft to rotate the loading ring to rotate a preset angle in the first direction. A limiting pawl (26) is provided in the ratchet teeth on the outer wall of the ratchet (25) and connected to the outer wall of the housing (2) through a torsion spring shaft. It is used to limit the ratchet (25) from rotating in a second direction, where the first direction and the second direction are opposite to each other.

4. The monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diversion section includes: A diverter seat (10) is provided on the outer shell (2). One side of the diverter seat (10) is connected to the output end of the induced draft device (17). The other side of the diverter seat (10) is provided with a first output end and a second output end connected to the first connecting pipe (11) and the second connecting pipe (2) respectively from bottom to top. A movable plate (13) is inserted into the top of the diverter (10), and its bottom is connected to the bottom wall of the diverter (10) through an elastic element. The movable plate (13) has an air outlet that communicates with the second output end. When the air outlet corresponds to the second output end, the first output end is closed by the movable plate (13). The contact rod (16) is connected to the moving plate (13) at one end and eccentrically slides against the disc (14) at the other end. The disc (14) is fixedly mounted on the top of the rotating shaft. The top of the disc (14) is provided with an arc-shaped protrusion (15). After the inner shell (3) rotates by a preset angle, the arc-shaped protrusion (15) contacts the contact rod (16) and drives the contact rod (16) to drive the moving plate (13) upward to a preset position, so that the second output end is closed by the moving plate (13) and the first output end is opened.

5. The monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the outer shell (2) is provided with an electrical device (28) that is electrically connected to the insect-attracting lamp (5), the image acquisition device (6), the solenoid valve, the air-expelling device (17) and the anesthetic sprayer (12). The electrical device (28) is also electrically connected to an external monitoring terminal. The electrical device (28) includes: a protective shell, a controller and a wireless communicator located inside the protective shell.

6. The monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer casing (2) is provided with a photovoltaic device (29) that is electrically connected to the electrical equipment (28).

7. A method for monitoring the structure and diversity of insect communities in inland cities, utilizing the monitoring device as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Select a survey plot and install the support column (1) in the survey plot. During monitoring, turn on the insect-attracting lamp (5) and the gas supply unit. The gas from the insect-attracting lamp (5) and the inner shell (3) can attract flying insects to enter the inner cavity of the inner shell (3) through the opening (4). At the same time, the gas flows in the guide pipe (20) and is discharged from the guide port (21), attracting crawling insects to enter the inner cavity of the inner shell (3) through the guide pipe (20). S2: After the insect-attracting lamp (5) and the gas supply unit are turned on for a preset time, the inner shell (3) is driven to rotate by a preset angle by opening the drive unit, so that the opening one (4) on the outer shell (2) and the inner shell (3) are misaligned, and the opening two and the guide pipe (20) are misaligned. S3: The image acquisition device (6) acquires insect image data of the inner shell (3) and sends the insect image data of the inner shell (3) to the external monitoring terminal for analysis and processing to obtain insect community and diversity data. The insects inside the inner shell (3) are collected by the insect collection unit.

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