A harmless treatment process and device for solid hazardous waste

Abstract

The present invention discloses a harmless treatment process for solid hazardous waste and a device thereof, which relates to the technical field of solid hazardous waste treatment, and includes a neutralization treatment component and a liquid adding component, wherein a buffer component is arranged inside the neutralization treatment component. When the present invention is used, the servo motor is started to drive the rotating wheel and the belt to rotate, and further drive the hollow wheel, the internal gear and the reinforcement rod to rotate rapidly, thereby driving the conical water dispersion plate to rotate. The neutralizer is buffered by the conical water dispersion plate to prevent it from directly impacting the solid waste below and causing powder to fly. At the same time, the conical water dispersion plate rotates to sprinkle the neutralizer on the surface onto the inner wall of the reactor. At this time, the neutralizer flows downward along the inner wall of the reactor, and can more comprehensively penetrate into various parts of the solid waste, and then penetrate into its internal pores, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency and quality of the reaction. The curved guide strip can make the neutralizer more evenly distributed on the conical water dispersion plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solid hazardous waste treatment, and in particular to a process and device for harmless treatment of solid hazardous waste. Background Art

[0002] Solid hazardous waste refers to solid waste that is listed in the national hazardous waste list or is identified as having hazardous characteristics according to the national hazardous waste identification standards and identification methods. Hazardous characteristics mainly include corrosiveness, toxicity, flammability, reactivity and infectivity. If solid hazardous waste is randomly piled or disposed of without treatment, the harmful substances in it will seep into the soil, causing the soil fertility to decline and affecting the growth of vegetation. These harmful substances will also enter the water body and cause water pollution, so solid hazardous waste needs to be harmlessly treated before disposal.

[0003] In the prior art, acidic solid waste is generated during chemical production. The acidic solid waste needs to be crushed so that it can better contact with the neutralizer, and then added to the reaction tank, followed by adding an alkaline solution for neutralization reaction. However, during the process of adding the alkaline solution, the liquid will fall from the height of the reaction tank onto the acidic solid waste. The liquid flow rate is fast and the impact is large, which can easily cause some powdered acidic solid waste to splash and spread in the reaction tank. Some of the powder will enter other pipes and cannot participate in the subsequent neutralization reaction, which will also affect the normal operation of other equipment. Some of the powder will spread in the tank and cannot react with the neutralizer in time, affecting the solid waste treatment effect. Some of the powder will drift into the outside air through the material port, posing a threat to the health of the operator.

[0004] Therefore, we propose a harmless treatment process and device for solid hazardous waste in order to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a harmless treatment process and device for solid hazardous waste, so as to solve the problem that during the treatment of acidic solid waste proposed in the above background technology, when a neutralizing agent is added, some powdered acidic solid waste will be lifted and splashed, part of the powder will enter other pipes, affecting the normal operation of other equipment, part of the powder will diffuse in the tank and cannot react with the neutralizing agent immediately, affecting the solid waste treatment effect, and part of the powder will drift into the outside air through the material port, posing a threat to the health of operators.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a solid hazardous waste harmless treatment device, comprising a neutralization treatment component and a liquid adding component, a buffer component is arranged inside the neutralization treatment component, and a moving component is arranged on the top of the neutralization treatment component; The neutralization treatment assembly comprises a reactor, a sealing top cover is installed on the top of the reactor by bolts, and a movable hole is opened on the top of the sealing top cover; The buffer assembly includes a servo motor, a rotating wheel is fixedly installed on the output end of the servo motor, a belt is movably connected to the outer surface of the rotating wheel, a hollow wheel is movably embedded inside the belt, an internal gear is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the hollow wheel, an external gear is meshingly connected to the inside of the internal gear, four reinforcement rods are fixedly installed on the bottom of the external gear, a conical water dispersion tray is fixedly installed on the bottom ends of the four reinforcement rods, and a plurality of curved guide strips are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the conical water dispersion tray.

[0007] Preferably, the moving assembly includes two mounting plates, hydraulic rods are fixedly mounted on the top of the two mounting plates, fixed plates are fixedly mounted on the top of the two hydraulic rods, moving boxes are mounted on opposite sides of the two fixed plates, reinforcement plates are fixedly mounted inside the moving box, and a rotating hole is opened at the bottom of the moving box.

[0008] Preferably, the outer surfaces of the two mounting plates are fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the reactor, the front and rear surfaces of the moving box are both provided with inspection plates mounted thereon by screws, a telescopic sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the moving box near the rotating hole, the bottom of the telescopic sleeve is fixedly mounted on the top of the sealing top cover, and the top of the moving box is fixedly connected to an exhaust pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the servo motor is installed on the top of the reinforcement plate by bolts, the output end of the servo motor movably passes through the bottom of the reinforcement plate, the outer surfaces of the four reinforcement rods are movably embedded in the rotating hole and the movable hole, and the bottom of the reinforcement plate and the bottom surface of the movable box are fixedly installed with multiple fixing rods.

[0010] Preferably, annular grooves are provided on the top and bottom of the hollow wheel, a plurality of the fixing rods distributed on each circumference form a group, one end of two groups of the fixing rods are respectively movably embedded in the two annular grooves, and the outer surface of the conical water dispersion plate is movably embedded in the reactor.

[0011] Preferably, the liquid adding assembly includes a metering pump, the output end of the metering pump is connected to a liquid outlet pipe via a flange, one end of the liquid outlet pipe is connected to a connecting pipe via a flange, one end of the connecting pipe is fixedly connected to an annular pipe, a plurality of discharge pipes are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the annular pipe, the input end of the metering pump is connected to a liquid extraction pipe via a flange, one end of the connecting pipe is fixedly passed through the interior of a sealing top cover, and the top surface of the annular pipe is fixedly mounted on the top surface inside the sealing top cover.

[0012] Preferably, an observation window is provided on the front surface of the reactor, a PLC controller is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the reactor near the top, a pH sensor is provided on the outer surface of the reactor near the bottom, a sealing door is installed on the outer surface of the reactor near the pH sensor by hand-tightening bolts, and a sealing gasket is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sealing door.

[0013] Preferably, a feed port is provided on the outer surface of the reactor, the outer surface of the sealing gasket is in contact with the inner wall of the feed port, a sealing bottom cover is installed at the bottom of the reactor by bolts, a stirring motor is arranged at the bottom of the sealing bottom cover, an agitator is fixedly installed at the output end of the stirring motor, and a sealing member is arranged on the outer surface of the agitator.

[0014] Preferably, a discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealed bottom cover, a sealing hole is opened at the bottom of the sealed bottom cover, the outer surface of the seal is installed on the inner wall of the sealing hole, and the outer surface of the agitator is located inside the reactor.

[0015] A process for harmless treatment of hazardous solid waste comprises the following steps: S1. Open the sealed door, deliver the crushed acidic solid waste into the reactor through the feed port, and then close the sealed door. Start the stirring motor, drive the stirrer to rotate slowly, and evenly flatten the acidic solid waste; S2, start two hydraulic rods, pull the two fixed plates and the moving box downward, drive the reinforcement plate to move downward, so that the reinforcement rod pushes the conical water dispersion plate to move downward and cover the outer surface of the agitator; S3, start the metering pump, extract the neutralizer through the liquid extraction pipe, and transport it to the liquid outlet pipe, the connecting pipe and the annular pipe, and spray it out through the discharge pipe and fall on the conical water dispersion plate; S4, start the servo motor to drive the rotating wheel and the belt to rotate, further drive the hollow wheel, the internal gear and the reinforcement rod to rotate quickly, thereby driving the conical water dispersion plate to rotate, and sprinkle the neutralizer on the surface to the inner wall of the reactor. At this time, the neutralizer flows downward along the inner wall of the reactor and gradually contacts with the solid waste; S5. The pH value of the reaction system inside the reactor is monitored in real time by a pH sensor, and the signal is transmitted to the PLC controller to control the metering pump to automatically adjust the flow rate of the neutralizer. When the pH value reaches a predetermined range, stirring is continued for a period of time; S6. After neutralization, the reaction product is transported to the filtering equipment through a pipeline with a control valve and a discharge pipe for filtering treatment to separate solid residues and liquids. At the same time, the exhaust equipment transports the waste gas generated inside the reactor to the waste gas processor through the exhaust pipe for treatment.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. When the present invention is used, the servo motor is started to drive the rotating wheel and the belt to rotate, and further drive the hollow wheel, the internal gear and the reinforcement rod to rotate rapidly, thereby driving the conical water dispersion plate to rotate. The neutralizer is buffered by the conical water dispersion plate to prevent it from directly impacting the solid waste below and causing powder to fly. At the same time, the conical water dispersion plate rotates to sprinkle the neutralizer on the surface onto the inner wall of the reactor. At this time, the neutralizer flows downward along the inner wall of the reactor and can more comprehensively penetrate into various parts of the solid waste, and then penetrate into its internal pores, which is beneficial to improve the efficiency and quality of the reaction. The curved guide strip can make the neutralizer more evenly distributed on the conical water dispersion plate, and can change the flow direction and speed of the neutralizer on the conical water dispersion plate, and then more evenly sprinkle it onto the inner wall of the reactor.

[0017] 2. When the present invention is used, open the sealed door, deliver the crushed acidic solid waste to the reactor through the feed port, and then close the sealed door. Start the stirring motor, drive the stirrer to rotate slowly, and evenly flatten the acidic solid waste. Start the metering pump, extract the neutralizer through the liquid extraction pipe, and deliver it to the liquid outlet pipe, the connecting pipe and the annular pipe, and spray it out through the discharge pipe. The pH value of the reaction system is monitored in real time by the PH sensor, and the signal is transmitted to the PLC controller, which automatically controls the metering pump to automatically adjust the flow rate of the neutralizer according to the preset pH range. The metering pump can accurately control the amount of neutralizer added, which is conducive to better neutralization reaction. The product after the reaction is delivered to the filtering equipment through the pipeline with a control valve and the discharge pipe for filtering treatment to separate the solid residue and the liquid. The exhaust device delivers the waste gas generated inside the reactor to the waste gas processor through the exhaust pipe for treatment.

[0018] 3. When the present invention is used, two hydraulic rods are started to pull the two fixed plates and the moving box downward, driving the reinforcement plate to move downward, so that the reinforcement rods push the conical water dispersion plate downward and cover the outer surface of the agitator. The moving position of the conical water dispersion plate inside the reactor can be seen through the observation window. When the conical water dispersion plate moves to a suitable position above the solid waste, the hydraulic rod is closed. By moving the assembly, the height position of the buffer assembly can be adjusted, that is, the height of the conical water dispersion plate can be adjusted to adapt to solid wastes of different capacities, and the flexibility is higher. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A first-angle stereoscopic view of a device for harmless treatment of hazardous solid waste according to the present invention; Figure 2 A second-angle stereoscopic view of a device for harmless treatment of hazardous solid waste according to the present invention; Figure 3 It is a perspective view of the structure of a liquid adding component in a solid hazardous waste harmless treatment device of the present invention; Figure 4It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of a neutralization treatment component in a solid hazardous waste harmless treatment device of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the structure of an agitator in a solid hazardous waste harmless treatment device of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a reactor in a solid hazardous waste harmless treatment device of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the structure of a buffer component in a solid hazardous waste harmless treatment device of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of a mobile box in a solid hazardous waste harmless treatment device of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of a hollow wheel in a solid hazardous waste harmless treatment device of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1. Neutralization treatment component; 101. Reactor; 102. Sealed top cover; 103. PLC controller; 104. PH sensor; 105. Sealed door; 106. Sealing gasket; 107. Feed inlet; 108. Active hole; 109. Sealed bottom cover; 110. Stirring motor; 111. Stirrer; 112. Seal; 113. Discharge pipe; 114. Sealing hole; 2. Liquid adding component; 201. Metering pump; 202. Discharge pipe; 203. Connecting pipe; 204. Ring pipe; 205. Discharge pipe; 206. Liquid extraction pipe; 3. Buffer assembly; 301. servo motor; 302. Rotating wheel; 303. Belt; 304. Hollow wheel; 305. Internal gear; 306. External gear; 307. Reinforcement rod; 308. Conical water dispersion plate; 309. Curved guide strip; 310. Fixed rod; 311. Annular groove; 4. Moving assembly; 401. Mounting plate; 402. Hydraulic rod; 403. Fixed plate; 404. Moving box; 405. Reinforcement plate; 406. Rotating hole; 407. Inspection plate; 408. Telescopic sleeve; 409. Exhaust pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the implementation regulations described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 9As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a harmless treatment device for solid hazardous waste, comprising a neutralization treatment component 1 and a liquid adding component 2, a buffer component 3 is arranged inside the neutralization treatment component 1, and a moving component 4 is arranged on the top of the neutralization treatment component 1; the neutralization treatment component 1 comprises a reactor 101, a sealing top cover 102 is installed on the top of the reactor 101 by bolts, and a movable hole 108 is opened on the top of the sealing top cover 102; the buffer component 3 comprises a servo motor 301, a rotating wheel 302 is fixedly installed on the output end of the servo motor 301, a belt 303 is movably connected to the outer surface of the rotating wheel 302, and the inner surface of the belt 303 is A hollow wheel 304 is movably embedded in the hollow wheel 304, an inner gear 305 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the hollow wheel 304, an outer gear 306 is meshedly connected inside the inner gear 305, four reinforcing rods 307 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer gear 306, a conical water dispersion plate 308 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the four reinforcing rods 307, and a plurality of curved guide strips 309 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the conical water dispersion plate 308. The moving component 4 includes two mounting plates 401, hydraulic rods 402 are fixedly installed on the top of the two mounting plates 401, and fixed plates 403 are fixedly installed on the tops of the two hydraulic rods 402. The two fixed plates 403 are relatively A moving box 404 is installed on one side, a reinforcing plate 405 is fixedly installed inside the moving box 404, a rotating hole 406 is opened at the bottom of the moving box 404, the outer surfaces of the two mounting plates 401 are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the reactor 101, and the front and rear surfaces of the moving box 404 are fixedly installed with inspection plates 407 by screws. A telescopic sleeve 408 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the moving box 404 near the rotating hole 406, and the bottom of the telescopic sleeve 408 is fixedly installed on the top of the sealing top cover 102. An exhaust pipe 409 is fixedly connected to the top of the moving box 404, and the servo motor 301 is installed on the reinforcing plate 405 by bolts. The output end of the servo motor 301 movably penetrates the bottom of the reinforcement plate 405, the outer surfaces of the four reinforcement rods 307 are movably embedded in the rotating hole 406 and the movable hole 108, and multiple fixing rods 310 are fixedly installed on the bottom of the reinforcement plate 405 and the bottom surface of the movable box 404. The top and bottom of the hollow wheel 304 are provided with annular grooves 311. The multiple fixing rods 310 distributed on each circumference are a group, and one end of the two groups of fixing rods 310 are respectively movably embedded in the two annular grooves 311, and the outer surface of the conical water dispersion plate 308 is movably embedded in the reactor 101.

[0023] In this embodiment, when in use, the two hydraulic rods 402 are started, the two fixed plates 403 and the moving box 404 are pulled downward, the reinforcement plate 405 and the buffer assembly 3 are driven downward, so that the reinforcement rod 307 moves downward in the reactor 101, and further drives the conical water dispersion plate 308 to move downward and cover the outer surface of the agitator 111. The moving position of the conical water dispersion plate 308 inside the reactor 101 can be seen through the observation window. When the conical water dispersion plate 308 moves to a suitable position above the solid waste, the hydraulic rod 402 is closed. The liquid adding assembly 2 is started to add the neutralizer to the reactor 101, and the servo motor 301 is started at the same time, driving the rotating wheel 302 and the belt 303 to rotate, further driving the hollow wheel 304 and the internal gear 305 to rotate, thereby driving the reinforcement rod 307 to rotate rapidly in the movable hole 108, and further driving the conical water dispersion plate 308 to rotate inside the reactor 101. The neutralizer is discharged through a plurality of circumferentially distributed drain pipes 205 and falls vertically downward to the outer surface of the conical water-spraying tray 308. The conical water-spraying tray 308 buffers the neutralizer to prevent it from directly impacting the solid waste below. The subsequent process of reaching the solid waste is relatively gentle, which reduces the possibility of causing the solid waste powder to be lifted, and helps to maintain the relative stability of the environment in the reaction tank. At the same time, the conical water-spraying tray 308 rotates to sprinkle the neutralizer on the surface onto the inner wall of the reactor 101. At this time, the neutralizer flows downward along the inner wall of the reactor 101 and gradually contacts the solid waste. This process is gradual and multi-directional. Compared with directly spraying the neutralizer on the solid waste, this method can make the neutralizer more fully penetrate into all parts of the solid waste and then penetrate into its internal pores, so that the neutralizer can more fully react with the acidic components to neutralize, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of the reaction. A large number of curved guide strips 309 are arranged on the outer surface of the conical water-spraying tray 308. After the neutralizer is sprayed onto the conical water-spreading tray 308, it may form a local aggregation or directly splash out. The curved guide strip 309 can break it up, so that the neutralizer is more evenly distributed on the conical water-spreading tray 308, and the flow direction and speed of the neutralizer on the conical water-spreading tray 308 can be changed, so that it can be more evenly spread on the inner wall of the reactor 101. When the addition of the neutralizer is stopped, the hydraulic rod 402 is started again to push the moving box 404 and the buffer component 3 to move upward and reset. Through the moving component 4, the height position of the buffer component 3 can be adjusted, that is, the height of the conical water-spreading tray 308 can be adjusted, which can adapt to solid wastes of different capacities, with higher flexibility, and solve the problem that during the treatment of acidic solid waste, when the neutralizer is added, some powdered acidic solid waste will be raised and splashed, some powder will enter other pipelines, affecting the normal operation of other equipment, some powder will diffuse in the tank, and cannot react with the neutralizer immediately, affecting the solid waste treatment effect, and some powder will float into the external air through the material port, posing a threat to the health of operators.

[0024] Embodiment 2: Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, a buffer component 3 is arranged inside the neutralization processing component 1, a moving component 4 is arranged on the top of the neutralization processing component 1, and the liquid adding component 2 includes a metering pump 201, the output end of the metering pump 201 is connected to a liquid outlet pipe 202 through a flange, one end of the liquid outlet pipe 202 is connected to a connecting pipe 203 through a flange, one end of the connecting pipe 203 is fixedly connected to an annular pipe 204, and the bottom surface of the annular pipe 204 is fixedly connected to a plurality of drain pipes 205, the input end of the metering pump 201 is connected to a liquid extraction pipe 206 through a flange, and the connecting pipe 20 One end of the annular tube 204 is fixedly inserted into the interior of the sealing top cover 102, the top surface of the annular tube 204 is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the sealing top cover 102, the neutralization treatment assembly 1 comprises a reactor 101, the top of the reactor 101 is bolted with the sealing top cover 102, the top of the sealing top cover 102 is provided with a movable hole 108, the front surface of the reactor 101 is provided with an observation window, the outer surface of the reactor 101 is fixedly provided with a PLC controller 103 near the top, and the outer surface of the reactor 101 is provided with a pH sensor 108 near the bottom. 04, a sealing door 105 is installed on the outer surface of the reactor 101 near the pH sensor 104 by hand-tightening bolts, and a sealing gasket 106 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sealing door 105. A feed inlet 107 is opened on the outer surface of the reactor 101, and the outer surface of the sealing gasket 106 contacts the inner wall of the feed inlet 107. A sealing bottom cover 109 is installed on the bottom of the reactor 101 by bolts, and a stirring motor 110 is arranged at the bottom of the sealing bottom cover 109. A stirrer 111 is fixedly installed at the output end of the stirring motor 110. The stirrer 111 A sealing member 112 is provided on the outer surface of the reactor 101, a discharge pipe 113 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing bottom cover 109, a sealing hole 114 is provided at the bottom of the sealing bottom cover 109, the outer surface of the sealing member 112 is installed on the inner wall of the sealing hole 114, the outer surface of the agitator 111 is located inside the reactor 101, a telescopic sleeve 408 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the moving box 404 near the rotating hole 406, the bottom of the telescopic sleeve 408 is fixedly installed on the top of the sealing top cover 102, and an exhaust pipe 409 is fixedly connected to the top of the moving box 404.

[0025] In this embodiment, when in use, the pH sensor 104, the stirring motor 110, the metering pump 201, the servo motor 301, the hydraulic rod 402 and the PLC controller 103 are electrically connected. One end of the discharge pipe 113 is connected to the pipeline with the control valve through a flange, and one end of the exhaust pipe 409 is connected to the exhaust device and the exhaust gas processor through a movable pipe. Unscrew the hand-tightening bolts at the sealing door 105, pull the sealing door 105 outward, and pull the sealing gasket 106 out of the feed port 107. The crushed acidic solid waste is transported to the reactor 101 through the feed port 107, and then the sealing door 105 is closed and fixed by hand-tightening bolts. Start the stirring motor 110, drive the stirrer 111 to rotate slowly, and use the claw rake at the bottom end of the stirrer 111 to evenly flatten the acidic solid waste, and then turn off the stirring motor 110. One end of the liquid extraction pipe 206 is connected to the neutralizer storage tank, and the metering pump 201 is started. The neutralizer is extracted through the liquid extraction pipe 206 and transported to the liquid outlet pipe 202 and the connecting pipe 203, and then enters the inside of the annular pipe 204, and the neutralizer is sprayed into the reactor 101 through multiple liquid discharge pipes 205. In the cooperation of the buffer component 3 and the moving component 4, the neutralizer is fully contacted with the acidic solid waste. At the same time, the stirring motor 110 is started to drive the stirrer 111 to rotate again to stir the solid waste and the neutralizer. The pH sensor 104 is started, and the pH value of the reaction system is monitored in real time by the pH sensor 104, and the signal is transmitted to the PLC controller 103. The display on the PLC controller 103 can intuitively display the pH value, and automatically control the metering pump 201 according to the preset pH range, and automatically adjust the flow rate of the neutralizer according to the pH value in the reaction container. The metering pump 201 can accurately control the amount of the neutralizer added, which is conducive to the neutralization reaction according to the predetermined stoichiometric ratio, and better neutralization reaction. When the pH value reaches the predetermined range, continue stirring for a period of time to ensure that the reaction is fully completed. Then turn off the stirring motor 110 and the metering pump 201, and transport the reacted product to the filtering equipment through the pipeline with the control valve and the discharge pipe 113 for filtering treatment to separate the solid residue and the liquid. The discharge pipe 205 is distributed in a circle and presents multiple dosing points, which can evenly transport the solution to the conical water tray 308, so as to better and more evenly spread the solution inside the reactor 101, and better contact with the solid waste. During the reaction process, the gas generated inside the reactor 101 enters the mobile box 404 through the movable hole 108 and the telescopic sleeve 408 under the action of the exhaust device, and then is transported to the exhaust device and the exhaust gas processor through the exhaust pipe 409 and the connected movable pipe, so as to facilitate the treatment of the gas.

[0026] The effect and working principle of the whole mechanism are as follows: when in use, unscrew the hand-tightening bolts at the sealing door 105, pull the sealing door 105 outward, and pull out the sealing gasket 106 from the feed port 107. The crushed acidic solid waste is transported to the reactor 101 through the feed port 107, and then the sealing door 105 is closed and fixed by the hand-tightening bolts. Start the stirring motor 110, drive the stirrer 111 to rotate slowly, and use the claw rake at the bottom of the stirrer 111 to evenly flatten the acidic solid waste, and then turn off the stirring motor 110. Start the two hydraulic rods 402, pull the two fixed plates 403 and the moving box 404 to move downward, drive the reinforcement plate 405 and the buffer assembly 3 to move downward, so that the reinforcement rod 307 moves downward in the reactor 101, and further drive the conical water dispersion plate 308 to move downward and cover the outer surface of the stirrer 111. The moving position of the conical water-spreading tray 308 inside the reactor 101 can be seen through the observation window. When the conical water-spreading tray 308 moves to a suitable position above the solid waste, the hydraulic rod 402 is closed. The metering pump 201 is started, and the neutralizer is extracted through the liquid extraction pipe 206 and transported to the liquid outlet pipe 202 and the connecting pipe 203, and then enters the inside of the annular pipe 204, and the neutralizer is sprayed into the reactor 101 through multiple liquid discharge pipes 205. At the same time, the servo motor 301 is started to drive the rotating wheel 302 and the belt 303 to rotate, and further drive the hollow wheel 304 and the internal gear 305 to rotate, thereby driving the reinforcement rod 307 to rotate rapidly in the movable hole 108, and further driving the conical water-spreading tray 308 to rotate. The neutralizer falls on the outer surface of the conical water-spreading tray 308, and the conical water-spreading tray 308 buffers the neutralizer to prevent it from directly impacting the solid waste below. At the same time, the conical water-sprinkling tray 308 rotates to sprinkle the neutralizer on the surface onto the inner wall of the reactor 101. At this time, the neutralizer flows downward along the inner wall of the reactor 101 and penetrates into various parts of the solid waste. The curved guide strip 309 can make the neutralizer more evenly distributed on the conical water-sprinkling tray 308, and then more evenly sprinkled onto the inner wall of the reactor 101. When the addition of the neutralizer is stopped, the hydraulic rod 402 is started again to push the moving box 404 and the buffer assembly 3 to move upward and reset. Through the moving assembly 4, the height position of the buffer assembly 3 can be adjusted, that is, the height of the conical water-sprinkling tray 308 can be adjusted to adapt to solid waste of different capacities. Start the stirring motor 110, drive the stirrer 111 to rotate again, and stir the solid waste and the neutralizer. Start the pH sensor 104, and monitor the pH value of the reaction system in real time through the pH sensor 104, and transmit the signal to the PLC controller 103. The display on the PLC controller 103 can intuitively display the pH value, and automatically control the metering pump 201 according to the preset pH range, and automatically adjust the flow rate of the neutralizer according to the pH value in the reaction container. When the pH value reaches the predetermined range, continue stirring for a period of time to ensure that the reaction is fully completed.Then, the stirring motor 110 and the metering pump 201 are turned off, and the reaction product is transported to the filtering device through the pipeline with the control valve and the discharge pipe 113 for filtering treatment to separate the solid residue and the liquid. Under the action of the exhaust device, it enters the mobile box 404 through the movable hole 108 and the telescopic sleeve 408, and then is transported to the exhaust device and the exhaust gas processor through the exhaust pipe 409 and the connected movable pipe.

[0027] Among them, the pH sensor 104, the stirring motor 110, the metering pump 201, the servo motor 301, the hydraulic rod 402 and the PLC controller 103 are all prior arts, and their components and use principles are all public arts, which will not be explained in detail here.

[0028] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for harmless treatment of hazardous solid waste, comprising a neutralization treatment component (1) and a liquid adding component (2), characterized in that: A buffer component (3) is arranged inside the neutralization processing component (1), and a moving component (4) is arranged on the top of the neutralization processing component (1); The neutralization treatment assembly (1) comprises a reactor (101), a sealing top cover (102) is installed on the top of the reactor (101) by means of bolts, and a movable hole (108) is opened on the top of the sealing top cover (102); The buffer assembly (3) comprises a servo motor (301), a rotating wheel (302) fixedly mounted on the output end of the servo motor (301), a belt (303) movably connected to the outer surface of the rotating wheel (302), a hollow wheel (304) movably embedded inside the belt (303), an inner gear (305) fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the hollow wheel (304), an outer gear (306) meshingly connected inside the inner gear (305), four reinforcing rods (307) fixedly mounted on the bottom of the outer gear (306), a conical water dispersion tray (308) fixedly mounted on the bottom ends of the four reinforcing rods (307), and a plurality of curved guide strips (309) fixedly connected to the outer surface of the conical water dispersion tray (308).

2. The device for harmless treatment of hazardous solid waste according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The moving assembly (4) comprises two mounting plates (401), a hydraulic rod (402) being fixedly mounted on the top of the two mounting plates (401), a fixing plate (403) being fixedly mounted on the top of the two hydraulic rods (402), a moving box (404) being mounted on opposite sides of the two fixing plates (403), a reinforcing plate (405) being fixedly mounted inside the moving box (404), and a rotating hole (406) being provided at the bottom of the moving box (404).

3. The device for harmless treatment of hazardous solid waste according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The outer surfaces of the two mounting plates (401) are fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the reactor (101); the front surface and the rear surface of the movable box (404) are both mounted with inspection plates (407) by means of screws; the bottom of the movable box (404) is fixedly connected with a telescopic sleeve (408) near the rotating hole (406); the bottom of the telescopic sleeve (408) is fixedly mounted on the top of the sealing top cover (102); and the top of the movable box (404) is fixedly connected with an exhaust pipe (409).

4. The device for harmless treatment of hazardous solid waste according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The servo motor (301) is mounted on the top of the reinforcing plate (405) by means of bolts, the output end of the servo motor (301) movably penetrates the bottom of the reinforcing plate (405), the outer surfaces of the four reinforcing rods (307) are movably embedded in the inside of the rotating hole (406) and the movable hole (108), and the bottom of the reinforcing plate (405) and the bottom surface of the inside of the moving box (404) are fixedly mounted with a plurality of fixing rods (310).

5. The harmless treatment device for hazardous solid waste according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The top and bottom of the hollow wheel (304) are both provided with an annular groove (311); a plurality of the fixing rods (310) distributed on each circumference form a group; one end of two groups of the fixing rods (310) are respectively movably embedded in two annular grooves (311); and the outer surface of the conical water dispersion plate (308) is movably embedded in the reactor (101).

6. The device for harmless treatment of hazardous solid waste according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The liquid adding assembly (2) comprises a metering pump (201); the output end of the metering pump (201) is connected to a liquid outlet pipe (202) via a flange; one end of the liquid outlet pipe (202) is connected to a connecting pipe (203) via a flange; one end of the connecting pipe (203) is fixedly connected to an annular pipe (204); the bottom surface of the annular pipe (204) is fixedly connected to a plurality of liquid discharge pipes (205); the input end of the metering pump (201) is connected to a liquid extraction pipe (206) via a flange; one end of the connecting pipe (203) is fixedly passed through the interior of a sealing top cover (102); and the top surface of the annular pipe (204) is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the interior of the sealing top cover (102).

7. The device for harmless treatment of hazardous solid waste according to claim 6 is characterized by: An observation window is provided on the front surface of the reactor (101); a PLC controller (103) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the reactor (101) near the top; a pH sensor (104) is provided on the outer surface of the reactor (101) near the bottom; a sealing door (105) is installed on the outer surface of the reactor (101) near the pH sensor (104) by means of hand-tightened bolts; and a sealing gasket (106) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sealing door (105).

8. The device for harmless treatment of hazardous solid waste according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The reactor (101) is provided with a feed port (107) on its outer surface, the outer surface of the sealing gasket (106) is in contact with the inner wall of the feed port (107), a sealing bottom cover (109) is installed at the bottom of the reactor (101) via bolts, a stirring motor (110) is provided at the bottom of the sealing bottom cover (109), a stirrer (111) is fixedly installed at the output end of the stirring motor (110), and a sealing member (112) is provided on the outer surface of the stirrer (111).

9. The device for harmless treatment of hazardous solid waste according to claim 8, characterized in that: A discharge pipe (113) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealed bottom cover (109), a sealing hole (114) is provided at the bottom of the sealed bottom cover (109), an outer surface of the sealing member (112) is mounted on the inner wall of the sealing hole (114), and an outer surface of the agitator (111) is located inside the reactor (101).

10. A process for harmless treatment of hazardous solid waste, using the harmless treatment device for hazardous solid waste according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, open the sealed door (105), transfer the crushed acidic solid waste into the reactor (101) through the feed port (107), and then close the sealed door (105). Start the stirring motor (110), drive the stirrer (111) to rotate slowly, and evenly flatten the acidic solid waste; S2, starting the two hydraulic rods (402), pulling the two fixed plates (403) and the movable box (404) to move downward, driving the reinforcement plate (405) to move downward, so that the reinforcement rod (307) pushes the conical water dispersion plate (308) to move downward and cover the outer surface of the agitator (111); S3, starting the metering pump (201), extracting the neutralizing agent through the liquid extraction pipe (206), and transporting it to the liquid outlet pipe (202), the connecting pipe (203) and the annular pipe (204), and then spraying it out through the liquid discharge pipe (205) and falling onto the conical water dispersion plate (308); S4, starting the servo motor (301), driving the rotating wheel (302) and the belt (303) to rotate, further driving the hollow wheel (304), the internal gear (305) and the reinforcing rod (307) to rotate rapidly, thereby driving the conical water dispersion plate (308) to rotate, and spraying the neutralizing agent on the surface onto the inner wall of the reactor (101). At this time, the neutralizing agent flows downward along the inner wall of the reactor (101) and gradually contacts the solid waste; S5, monitoring the pH value of the reaction system inside the reactor (101) in real time through the pH sensor (104), and transmitting the signal to the PLC controller (103), controlling the metering pump (201) to automatically adjust the flow rate of the neutralizing agent, and continuing stirring for a period of time when the pH value reaches a predetermined range; S6. After neutralization is completed, the reaction product is transported to a filtering device through a pipeline with a control valve and a discharge pipe (113) for filtering treatment to separate solid residues and liquids. At the same time, the exhaust device transports the waste gas generated inside the reactor (101) to a waste gas processor through an exhaust pipe (409) for treatment.

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