A dumbbell-shaped nanomaterial controllable preparation device and method based on laser irradiation

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on laser irradiation dumbbell-shaped nanomaterial controllable preparation device and method, belong to nano-particle preparation technical field, solved the problem that nanometer particle preparation can form spherical structure naturally, and cannot form dumbbell-shaped structure;Specifically including laser assembly, magnetic field generator and heat dissipation component;Magnetic field generator is internally provided with reaction vessel, reaction vessel is set on the laser output light path of laser assembly;Heat dissipation component is cooled to magnetic field generator.In the application, laser irradiation makes nanometer particle in molten state;Rotary magnetic field generated by magnetic field generator drives molten nanometer particle to rotate, and dumbbell-shaped structure is formed in rotation, realizes the non-spherical of nanometer particle, especially forms unique dumbbell-shaped structure;And, by fine control laser parameter and magnetic field condition, the size, shape and performance of dumbbell-shaped nanometer particle can be further optimized, meet the demand of different application scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of nanoparticle preparation, and in particular to a controllable preparation device and method of dumbbell-shaped nanomaterials based on laser irradiation. Background Art

[0002] Dumbbell-shaped nanoparticles, due to their unique geometry, have shown promise in a wide range of applications. These include serving as highly effective drug carriers and contrast agents in biomedicine, improving catalytic efficiency, enhancing sensitivity in sensing technology, optimizing light absorption or emission properties in optoelectronics, and using them as materials with unique magnetic properties for data storage, while also improving the mechanical properties of composite materials. These applications benefit from the large surface area, unique magnetic properties, and improved mechanical and optical properties of dumbbell-shaped nanoparticles. Meanwhile, the construction of a lunar base, a key goal of human space exploration, faces high transportation costs between Earth and the Moon. To address this, scientists have proposed strategies to utilize lunar resources for construction. Given the limited availability of actual lunar soil samples, scientists have developed simulated lunar soil. The successfully prepared dumbbell-shaped nanoparticles can more accurately simulate lunar soil properties. Their laboratory application will facilitate research on lunar soil formation techniques and material properties, providing technical support for lunar base construction. Research on these particles will not only enhance our understanding of lunar soil properties but also provide an important tool for improving the quality and performance of materials used in lunar base construction.

[0003] Laser nanofabrication technology has made significant progress in materials science, enabling the precise preparation of materials ranging from single elements to complex alloys, from simple oxides to more complex compounds. These materials range in size from submicron spherical structures to nanometer-scale quantum dots. However, due to surface tension, laser-irradiated nanoparticles tend to naturally form spherical structures, resulting in uncontrollable shape and the inability to produce non-spherical nanoparticles.

[0004] Therefore, the use of laser nanofabrication technology is not sufficient to prepare dumbbell-shaped nanomaterials. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for controllable preparation of dumbbell-shaped nanomaterials based on laser irradiation, which solves the problem that nanoparticles naturally form a spherical structure but cannot form a dumbbell-shaped structure during preparation.

[0006] In the first aspect, in order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A controllable dumbbell-shaped nanomaterial preparation device based on laser irradiation includes a laser component, a magnetic field generator and a heat dissipation component; a reaction container is arranged inside the magnetic field generator, and the reaction container is arranged on the laser output light path of the laser component; the heat dissipation component cools the magnetic field generator.

[0008] In this solution, the laser component emits laser to irradiate the nanoparticles in the reaction vessel, causing them to be in a molten state; the magnetic field generator generates a rotating magnetic field to drive the molten nanoparticles, causing them to rotate, forming a dumbbell-shaped structure during rotation; this overcomes the problem that molten nanoparticles naturally form a spherical structure when they are formed, and realizes the non-sphericalization of the nanoparticles, especially the formation of a unique dumbbell-shaped structure; and, by finely controlling the laser parameters and magnetic field conditions, the size, shape and performance of the dumbbell-shaped nanoparticles can be further optimized to meet the needs of different application scenarios.

[0009] Furthermore, the laser assembly includes a laser emitter, and a beam splitter is provided on the output light path of the laser emitter; a reaction container is provided on the transmission light path of the beam splitter, and an energy meter is provided on the reflection light path of the beam splitter.

[0010] In this scheme, the spectrometer transmits part of the laser light to the reaction vessel to act on the nanoparticles, while the spectrometer reflects another part of the laser light to the energy meter for laser energy detection, so as to monitor the laser intensity in real time during the preparation process.

[0011] Furthermore, the magnetic field generator includes a magnetic field support frame, on which a ring-shaped magnetic core is fixed; the reaction container is arranged in the middle of the ring-shaped magnetic core; a coil group is wrapped around the outside of the ring-shaped magnetic core, and the two ends of the coil group are connected to the transformer through wires, the transformer is electrically connected to the frequency converter, and the frequency converter is electrically connected to the adjustable DC power supply.

[0012] In this scheme, an adjustable DC power supply provides DC power, which flows to the coil group to generate a magnetic field. The adjustable DC power supply can set the appropriate power, voltage and frequency, and the inverter sets the appropriate frequency to control the magnetic field rotation rate. This design can accurately control the magnetic field conditions and improve the controllability of the preparation of dumbbell-shaped nanoparticles.

[0013] Furthermore, the coil group includes a first pair of coils and a second pair of coils; the first pair of coils is wound around the two ends of the annular magnetic core along the diagonal direction, and the second pair of coils is wound around the two ends of the annular magnetic core along the diagonal direction; the connecting line of the first pair of coils and the connecting line of the second pair of coils are perpendicular; the two ends of the first pair of coils and the two ends of the second pair of coils are connected in parallel to the transformer.

[0014] Furthermore, the magnetic field support frame includes a chassis, on which a carrying plate is supported by several support rods in a circular array, the support rods pass through the carrying plate and are connected to a fixing ring; the annular magnetic core is fixed between the carrying plate and the fixing ring; and the reaction vessel is placed on the carrying plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the heat dissipation component includes a condensation tank, in which a circulation pump is provided; one end of a condensation pipe is connected to the circulation pump, and the other end of the condensation pipe is connected to the condensation tank after being wound around the outer periphery of the annular magnetic core for several turns.

[0016] In this solution, a circulating pump pumps the condensed water in the condensation tank into the condenser tube for circulation. During the circulation process, the condenser tube exchanges heat with the magnetic field generator to achieve a heat dissipation effect, maintain a constant temperature of the magnetic field generator, and reduce errors and losses.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a controllable preparation method of dumbbell-shaped nanomaterials based on laser irradiation, based on the device for controllable preparation of dumbbell-shaped nanomaterials based on laser irradiation provided in the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1: preparing a magnetic organic solvent precursor solution; dispersing magnetic nanoparticles in an organic solvent and mixing them uniformly to obtain a magnetic organic solvent precursor solution; transferring the magnetic organic solvent precursor solution into a reaction container;

[0019] S2: Generate a rotating magnetic field; turn on the adjustable DC power supply and the frequency converter, and a rotating magnetic field is generated inside the magnetic field generator, which drives the magnetic nanoparticles in the magnetic organic solvent precursor to rotate;

[0020] S3: Laser irradiation; the laser emitter emits laser light, which is injected into the magnetic organic solvent precursor liquid to act on the magnetic nanoparticles, causing the magnetic nanoparticles to be in a molten state; the molten magnetic nanoparticles are deformed by force during rotation, forming a dumbbell-shaped structure.

[0021] In this scheme, laser irradiation is used to put the magnetic nanoparticles into a molten state, and the rotational force generated by the rotating magnetic field is used to overcome the limitations of the surface tension of the magnetic nanoparticles, successfully achieving the non-sphericalization of the nanoparticles.

[0022] Furthermore, S3 includes:

[0023] S301: Turn on the laser transmitter, and the laser transmitter emits laser;

[0024] S302: The laser is incident on the beam splitter. 95% of the laser light is transmitted through the beam splitter and enters the magnetic organic solvent precursor solution. 5% of the laser light is reflected by the beam splitter and is sent to the energy meter for laser energy detection.

[0025] S303: The laser light transmitted through the beam splitter heats the magnetic nanoparticles in the magnetic organic solvent precursor solution, causing the magnetic nanoparticles to heat up and melt into a molten state; the molten magnetic nanoparticles are deformed by the force during rotation, forming a dumbbell-shaped structure;

[0026] S304: Cooling the magnetic nanoparticles to obtain solid dumbbell-shaped nanoparticles.

[0027] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing dumbbell-shaped Fe2O3 nanoparticles based on a controllable preparation device of dumbbell-shaped nanomaterials based on laser irradiation provided in the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0028] T1: Dissolving α-magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles in ethanol and using ultrasonic vibration to uniformly disperse the α-magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles in the ethanol solution to obtain a magnetic organic solvent precursor solution; transferring the magnetic organic solvent precursor solution into a reaction container;

[0029] T2: Start the adjustable DC power supply and the frequency converter, set the power of the adjustable DC power supply to 0.75kW and the voltage to 220V; set the frequency range of the frequency converter to 35-60Hz; generate a rotating magnetic field inside the magnetic field generator, and the rotating magnetic field drives the α-magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles in the magnetic organic solvent precursor solution to rotate;

[0030] T3: Turn on the laser emitter, which emits laser light. The laser light is injected into the magnetic organic solvent precursor solution to heat the α-magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles, causing the α-magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles to enter a molten state. The molten α-magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles are deformed by force during rotation, forming dumbbell-shaped Fe2O3 nanoparticles.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0032] In the controllable preparation device for dumbbell-shaped nanomaterials based on laser irradiation provided by the present invention, laser light emitted by a laser emitter is used to irradiate magnetic nanoparticles to put them in a molten state, and then a rotating magnetic field generated by a magnetic field generator drives the magnetic nanoparticles to rotate. During the rotation, the magnetic nanoparticles are subjected to force to form a dumbbell-shaped structure, thereby realizing the controllable preparation of dumbbell-shaped nanomaterials. By finely controlling the laser parameters and magnetic field conditions, the size, shape and performance of the dumbbell-shaped nanoparticles can be further optimized to meet the needs of different application scenarios.

[0033] The controllable preparation method of dumbbell-shaped nanomaterials based on laser irradiation provided by this invention combines selective laser irradiation technology with magnetic field assistance, utilizing rotational force to overcome surface tension limitations. Simultaneously, leveraging the coupling effect between the magnetic field and the material, the method successfully achieves the desphericization of magnetic nanoparticles, specifically forming a unique dumbbell shape. This method not only broadens the possibilities for nanomaterial morphology design but also provides new ideas and technical support for the exploration of new nanomaterials and their applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the controllable preparation device of dumbbell-shaped nanomaterials based on laser irradiation according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetic field generator of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the magnetic field generator of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the coil assembly structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 is the SEM image of dumbbell-shaped α-magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles in Example 3;

[0039] Figure 6 This is the SEM image of the dumbbell-shaped α-magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles in Example 3.

[0040] Reference numerals:

[0041] 1. Laser assembly; 11. Laser emitter; 12. Spectrometer; 13. Energy meter; 2. Magnetic field generator; 21. Magnetic field support frame; 211. Chassis; 212. Support rod; 213. Load plate; 214. Fixing ring; 22. Ring core; 23. Coil assembly; 231. First pair of coils; 232. Second pair of coils; 24. Frequency converter; 25. Adjustable DC power supply; 3. Heat dissipation assembly; 31. Condensation tank; 32. Circulation pump; 33. Condensation tube; 4. Reaction vessel; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Specific embodiments of the present invention are described below to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art. However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concepts of the present invention are protected.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a controllable preparation device for dumbbell-shaped nanomaterials based on laser irradiation. The device uses laser irradiation technology to melt magnetic nanoparticles, and then uses a magnetic field to drive the magnetic nanoparticles to rotate. During the rotation, the surface tension of the magnetic nanoparticles is overcome, and dumbbell-shaped magnetic nanoparticles are successfully prepared. The device specifically includes:

[0045] Laser component 1, magnetic field generator 2 and heat dissipation component 3;

[0046] Among them, a reaction container 4 is arranged inside the magnetic field generator, and the reaction container 4 contains dispersed magnetic nanoparticles; the reaction container 4 is arranged in the laser output optical path of the laser component 1, and the laser component 1 emits laser to irradiate the nanoparticles in the reaction container 4, so that they are in a molten state; the rotating magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generator 2 drives the molten nanoparticles to rotate, forming a dumbbell-shaped structure during rotation; the heat dissipation component 3 cools the magnetic field generator.

[0047] In this embodiment, the reaction container 4 is preferably a glass beaker or a glass bottle.

[0048] Laser assembly 1 includes a laser emitter 11, a beam splitter 12, and an energy meter 13. The beam splitter 12 is positioned along the output optical path of the laser emitter 11. The reaction vessel 4 is positioned along the transmitted optical path of the beam splitter 12, and the energy meter 13 is positioned along the reflected optical path of the beam splitter 12. The beam splitter 12 transmits a portion of the laser light, allowing it to enter the reaction vessel 4 and act on the nanoparticles. At the same time, the beam splitter 12 reflects another portion of the laser light to the energy meter 13 for laser energy detection, facilitating real-time monitoring of laser intensity during the preparation process. When setting up the reaction apparatus, the laser emitter 11 and beam splitter 12 can be secured directly above the reaction vessel 4 using an iron stand.

[0049] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the magnetic field generator 2 includes a magnetic field support frame 21, an annular magnetic core 22, a frequency converter 24 and an adjustable DC power supply 25; the annular magnetic core 22 is fixed on the magnetic field support frame 21, and the material of the annular magnetic core 22 can be metal iron; the reaction container 4 is arranged in the middle of the annular magnetic core 22; a coil group 23 is wound around the annular magnetic core 22, and both ends of the coil group 23 are connected to a transformer through wires, the transformer is electrically connected to the frequency converter 24, and the frequency converter 24 is electrically connected to the adjustable DC power supply 25; the adjustable DC power supply 25 provides DC power, and the DC power flows to the coil group 23 to generate a magnetic field; the adjustable DC power supply 25 can set appropriate power power, voltage and frequency, and the frequency converter 24 sets an appropriate frequency to control the magnetic field rotation rate. This design can accurately control the magnetic field conditions and improve the controllability of the preparation of dumbbell-shaped nanoparticles.

[0050] As shown in Figure 4 The coil set 23 includes a first pair of coils 231 and a second pair of coils 232; the first pair of coils 231 is wound around two ends of the toroidal magnetic core 22 along diagonal directions, and the second pair of coils 232 is wound around two ends of the toroidal magnetic core 22 along diagonals; the connecting lines of the first pair of coils 231 and the connecting lines of the second pair of coils 232 are perpendicular; and the two ends of the first pair of coils 231 and the two ends of the second pair of coils 232 are connected in parallel on the transformer.

[0051] The magnetic field support frame 21 includes a base plate 211, and a bearing plate 213 is supported on the base plate 211 by a plurality of support rods 212 arranged in an annular array; the support rods 212 penetrate the bearing plate 213 and are connected with a fixing ring 214; the toroidal magnetic core 22 is fixed between the bearing plate 213 and the fixing ring 214; and the reaction container 4 is placed on the bearing plate 213.

[0052] The heat dissipation assembly 3 includes a condensation tank 31, and a circulating pump 32 is arranged in the condensation tank 31; one end of a condensation pipe 33 is connected to the circulating pump 32, and the other end of the condensation pipe 33 is connected to the condensation tank 31 after winding around the toroidal magnetic core 22 for several turns; the circulating pump 32 pumps the condensation water in the condensation tank 31 into the condensation pipe 33 for circulation; in the process of circulation, the condensation pipe 33 exchanges heat with the magnetic field generator 2, so as to achieve a heat dissipation effect, keep the magnetic field generator constant temperature, and reduce errors and losses.

[0053] Embodiment 2

[0054] Based on the laser irradiation-based dumbbell-shaped nanomaterial controllable preparation device provided in Embodiment 1, a laser irradiation-based dumbbell-shaped nanomaterial controllable preparation method is provided, which includes the following steps:

[0055] S1: preparing a magnetic organic solvent precursor solution; dispersing magnetic nanoparticles in an organic solvent, and mixing the two by ultrasonic to obtain a magnetic organic solvent precursor solution; and taking a small amount of the magnetic organic solvent precursor solution and adding it into the reaction container 4.

[0056] S2: generating a rotating magnetic field; the adjustable direct current power supply 25 sets appropriate power, voltage and frequency size, the frequency converter 24 sets appropriate frequency to control the rotating speed of the magnetic field, the condensation tank 31 sets the temperature to be between 0℃ and 5℃, all parameters are set, and the condensation tank 31, the adjustable direct current power supply 25 and the frequency converter 24 are turned on in sequence to generate a rotating magnetic field, and the nanoparticles in the solution rotate under force.

[0057] S3: laser irradiation; the laser emitter 11 emits laser, which enters the magnetic organic solvent precursor solution to act on the magnetic nanoparticles, so that the magnetic nanoparticles are in a molten state; the molten magnetic nanoparticles are deformed under force in rotation to form a dumbbell-shaped structure; specifically including:

[0058] S301: After adjusting the appropriate laser wavelength and energy parameters, the laser emitter 11 is turned on, and the laser emitter 11 emits laser light;

[0059] S302: The laser beam enters the beam splitter 12. 95% of the laser beam is transmitted through the beam splitter 12 and enters the magnetic organic solvent precursor solution. 5% of the laser beam is reflected by the beam splitter 12 and is sent to the energy meter 13 for laser energy detection.

[0060] S303: The laser light transmitted through the beam splitter 12 heats the magnetic nanoparticles in the magnetic organic solvent precursor solution, causing the magnetic nanoparticles to heat up and melt into a molten state; the molten magnetic nanoparticles are deformed by the force during rotation, forming a dumbbell-shaped structure;

[0061] S304: Cooling the magnetic nanoparticles to obtain solid dumbbell-shaped nanoparticles.

[0062] Example 3

[0063] This embodiment provides a method for preparing dumbbell-shaped α-magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles based on a controllable preparation device of dumbbell-shaped nanomaterials based on laser irradiation provided in Example 1, including the following steps:

[0064] T1: Dissolve 25 mg of α-magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles in 50 ml of organic liquid medium ethanol, and use an ultrasonic cleaner to ultrasonically vibrate for 20 minutes to uniformly disperse the α-magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles in the ethanol solution to obtain a 0.5 mg / ml magnetic organic solvent precursor solution; take 5 ml of the magnetic organic solvent precursor solution and add it to the central reaction vessel 4 of the magnetic field generator.

[0065] T2: Set the power of the adjustable DC power supply 25 to 0.75kW and the voltage to 220V; set the frequency range of the inverter 24 to 35-60Hz; and set the temperature of the condensation tank 31 to between 0℃ and 5℃;

[0066] After all parameters are set, the condensation tank 31, the adjustable DC power supply 25, and the frequency converter 24 are turned on in sequence to generate a rotating magnetic field inside the magnetic field generator 2. The rotating magnetic field drives the α-magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles in the magnetic organic solvent precursor solution to rotate.

[0067] T3: Turn on the laser emitter 11 and emit laser; the laser wavelength is 1064nm and the laser energy is 130mJ / pulse cm -2The α-magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles were irradiated with an unfocused pulsed laser beam for 5 minutes. Under these laser parameters, the α-magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles had a maximum melting rate, which could cause them to heat up rapidly until they melted and entered a molten state. The molten α-magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles rotated at an extremely high rate under the action of a rotating magnetic field, and were deformed by force during rotation, forming α-magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles with a dumbbell-shaped structure.

[0068] T4: Cooling to obtain solid dumbbell-shaped α-magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles; the scanning electron microscope image of dumbbell-shaped α-magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles is as follows Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown.

[0069] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments herein are intended to help readers understand the principles of the present invention, and it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to such specific descriptions and embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific variations and combinations based on the technical teachings disclosed in the present invention without departing from the essence of the present invention, and such variations and combinations are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A controllable preparation device for dumbbell-shaped nanomaterials based on laser irradiation, characterized by: The invention comprises a laser component (1), a magnetic field generator (2) and a heat dissipation component (3); a reaction container (4) is arranged inside the magnetic field generator (2), and the reaction container (4) is arranged on the laser output optical path of the laser component (1); the laser component (1) emits laser light to irradiate the nanoparticles in the reaction container (4), so that the nanoparticles are in a molten state; the magnetic field generator (2) generates a rotating magnetic field to drive the magnetic nanoparticles to rotate, and the force during the rotation forms a dumbbell-shaped structure; the heat dissipation component (3) cools the magnetic field generator (2).

2. The controllable preparation device of dumbbell-shaped nanomaterials based on laser irradiation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser assembly (1) comprises a laser emitter (11), wherein a beam splitter (12) is provided on an output light path of the laser emitter (11); the reaction container (4) is provided on a transmission light path of the beam splitter (12), and an energy meter (13) is provided on a reflection light path of the beam splitter (12).

3. The controllable preparation device of dumbbell-shaped nanomaterials based on laser irradiation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The magnetic field generator (2) includes a magnetic field support frame (21), and a ring-shaped magnetic core (22) is fixed on the magnetic field support frame (21); the reaction container (4) is arranged in the middle of the ring-shaped magnetic core (22); a coil group (23) is wound around the outside of the ring-shaped magnetic core (22), and the two ends of the coil group (23) are connected to a transformer through a wire, the transformer is electrically connected to a frequency converter (24), and the frequency converter (24) is electrically connected to an adjustable DC power supply (25).

4. The controllable preparation device of dumbbell-shaped nanomaterials based on laser irradiation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The coil group (23) comprises a first pair of coils (231) and a second pair of coils (232); the first pair of coils (231) is wound around two ends of the annular magnetic core (22) along a diagonal direction, and the second pair of coils (232) is wound around two ends of the annular magnetic core (22) along a diagonal direction; the connecting line of the first pair of coils (231) and the connecting line of the second pair of coils (232) are perpendicular; and the two ends of the first pair of coils (231) and the two ends of the second pair of coils (232) are connected in parallel to the transformer.

5. The controllable preparation device of dumbbell-shaped nanomaterials based on laser irradiation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The magnetic field support frame (21) comprises a chassis (211), a carrier plate (213) is supported on the chassis (211) via a plurality of support rods (212) in a ring array, the support rods (212) pass through the carrier plate (213) and are connected to a fixing ring (214); the annular magnetic core (22) is fixed between the carrier plate (213) and the fixing ring (214); and the reaction container (4) is placed on the carrier plate (213).

6. The controllable preparation device of dumbbell-shaped nanomaterials based on laser irradiation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat dissipation component (3) includes a condensation tank (31), and a circulation pump (32) is provided in the condensation tank (31); one end of a condensation pipe (33) is connected to the circulation pump (32), and the other end of the condensation pipe (33) is connected to the condensation tank (31) after being wound around the outer periphery of the annular magnetic core (22) for several turns.

7. A method for preparing a controllable dumbbell-shaped nanomaterial preparation device based on laser irradiation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: preparing a magnetic organic solvent precursor solution; dispersing magnetic nanoparticles in an organic solvent and mixing them uniformly to obtain a magnetic organic solvent precursor solution; transferring the magnetic organic solvent precursor solution into a reaction container (4); S2: Generate a rotating magnetic field; turn on the adjustable DC power supply (25) and the frequency converter (24), and generate a rotating magnetic field inside the magnetic field generator (2), and the rotating magnetic field drives the magnetic nanoparticles in the magnetic organic solvent precursor solution to rotate; S3: laser irradiation; the laser emitter (11) emits laser light, which is injected into the magnetic organic solvent precursor liquid to act on the magnetic nanoparticles, so that the magnetic nanoparticles are in a molten state; the molten magnetic nanoparticles are deformed by the force during rotation, forming a dumbbell-shaped structure.

8. The method for preparing a controllable dumbbell-shaped nanomaterial preparation device based on laser irradiation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The S3 includes: S301: Turn on the laser emitter (11), and the laser emitter (11) emits laser light; S302: The laser is incident on the beam splitter (12), 95% of the laser light is transmitted through the beam splitter (12) and is incident on the magnetic organic solvent precursor solution; 5% of the laser light is reflected by the beam splitter (12) and is sent to the energy meter (13) for laser energy detection; S303: The laser transmitted through the beam splitter (12) heats the magnetic nanoparticles in the magnetic organic solvent precursor solution, causing the magnetic nanoparticles to heat up and melt, entering a molten state; the molten magnetic nanoparticles are deformed by force during rotation, forming a dumbbell-shaped structure; S304: Cooling the magnetic nanoparticles to obtain solid dumbbell-shaped nanoparticles.

9. A method for preparing dumbbell-shaped α-magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles using the laser irradiation-based dumbbell-shaped nanomaterial controllable preparation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: T1: dissolving α-magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles in ethanol, using ultrasonic vibration to uniformly disperse the α-magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles in the ethanol solution to obtain a magnetic organic solvent precursor solution; transferring the magnetic organic solvent precursor solution into a reaction vessel (4); T2: Start the adjustable DC power supply (25) and the frequency converter (24), set the power of the adjustable DC power supply (25) to 0.75kW and the voltage to 220V; set the frequency range of the frequency converter (24) to 35-60Hz; generate a rotating magnetic field inside the magnetic field generator (2), and the rotating magnetic field drives the α-magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles in the magnetic organic solvent precursor solution to rotate; T3: Turn on the laser emitter (11), the laser emitter (11) emits laser light, and the laser light is injected into the magnetic organic solvent precursor liquid to heat the α-magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles, so that the α-magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles enter a molten state; the molten α-magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles are deformed by force during rotation, and form Fe2O3 nanoparticles with a dumbbell-shaped structure.

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