A construction waste treatment device and method based on multi-stage crushing

Abstract

The present invention relates to a technical field of garbage crushing, and specifically to a construction waste treatment device and method based on multi-stage crushing, comprising a support frame; a primary crushing box, a secondary crushing box, and a tertiary crushing box which are interconnected are fixedly installed on the support frame; a primary crushing mechanism is provided on the primary crushing box; a secondary crushing mechanism is provided on the secondary crushing box, and a tertiary crushing mechanism is provided on the tertiary crushing box; the construction waste is repeatedly squeezed and ground to form small particles of garbage powder; a motor is fixedly installed on the secondary crushing box; a main rotating shaft is fixedly installed on the output end of the motor; the main rotating shaft is connected to the primary crushing mechanism; a delay mechanism is provided on the support frame, and the delay mechanism is connected to the secondary crushing mechanism and the tertiary crushing mechanism; after the motor drives the primary crushing mechanism to operate, it can drive the secondary crushing mechanism and the tertiary crushing mechanism to operate through the delay mechanism; thereby reducing the starting load of the motor, thereby increasing the service life and maintenance frequency of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of garbage crushing, and in particular to a device and method for treating construction waste based on multi-stage crushing. Background Art

[0002] Construction waste refers to various wastes generated during the construction, demolition and decoration process, including construction slag, construction mud, construction waste, demolition waste and decoration waste, etc. These include concrete, bricks, gravel and soil blocks, etc.

[0003] Crushed construction waste can be used to produce recycled concrete, recycled bricks and other building materials, reducing the demand for raw materials and saving resources. In addition, crushed construction waste sand can be made into recycled bricks, waterproof bricks, wall panels and other building materials for use in the infrastructure field to achieve resource recycling. Common crushing devices include crushers.

[0004] Common construction waste crushers are usually equipped with multiple crushing mechanisms, which are driven by one drive device or by multiple drive devices respectively. When one drive device is used to drive multiple crushing mechanisms at the same time, only one crushing mechanism will be used for crushing at the initial start-up, and the rest will be operated at no load, which is relatively energy-wasting. The use of multiple drive devices for phased delayed start-up can effectively avoid energy waste. Usually, the delayed start between each drive device is controlled by an electrical automation control system (such as PLC, etc.). However, due to the frequent vibration, powder and other conditions when crushing construction waste, the electrical automation control system is prone to logical errors when working under these harsh conditions for a long time, which in turn affects the normal crushing. Considering stable operation and cost control, a drive device is used for driving. Multiple crushing mechanisms are driven by the same drive device, although they can crush construction waste in stages. Since multiple crushing mechanisms are directly connected to the drive device, the load of the drive device startup is very large (the energy consumed by the crushing mechanism from a stationary state to a stable operating state is relatively large compared to the energy consumption after stable operation). In the long run, the maintenance frequency of the device will increase and the service life of the device will be reduced. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a construction waste treatment device and method based on multi-stage crushing to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A construction waste treatment device based on multi-stage crushing comprises a support frame; a primary crushing box, a secondary crushing box and a tertiary crushing box which are interconnected are fixedly mounted on the support frame;

[0008] The primary crushing box is provided with a primary crushing mechanism; the primary crushing mechanism comprises a fixed jaw plate and a movable jaw plate; the fixed jaw plate is fixedly mounted on the primary crushing box, and the movable jaw plate can reciprocate close to or away from the fixed jaw plate to preliminarily crush the construction waste;

[0009] The secondary crushing box is provided with a secondary crushing mechanism, and the secondary crushing mechanism comprises two pressing rollers rotatably mounted on the secondary crushing box and symmetrical to each other; the two pressing rollers can rotate simultaneously to further crush the construction waste;

[0010] The three-stage crushing box is provided with a three-stage crushing mechanism, which includes a three-stage filter plate and a grinding block; the grinding block reciprocates on the three-stage filter plate to further crush the construction waste;

[0011] A motor is fixedly mounted on the secondary crushing box; a main shaft is fixedly mounted on the output end of the motor; the main shaft is connected to the primary crushing mechanism; a delay mechanism is provided on the support frame, and the delay mechanism is connected to the secondary crushing mechanism and the tertiary crushing mechanism; after the motor drives the primary crushing mechanism to operate, the secondary crushing mechanism and the tertiary crushing mechanism can be driven to operate through the delay mechanism.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the first-level crushing mechanism also includes a first crankshaft rotatably mounted on the first-level crushing box; the first crankshaft is connected to the main rotating shaft by a belt; a first moving plate is rotatably mounted on the first crankshaft; the moving jaw plate is fixedly mounted on the first moving plate, and a second moving plate hinged to the first moving plate is rotatably mounted on the first-level crushing box; a rotating plate is rotatably mounted on the first-level crushing box; a hinged rod hinged to the second moving plate is slidably mounted on the rotating plate; a first return spring is wrapped around the hinged rod; and both ends of the first return spring respectively contact the hinged rod and the rotating plate.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the secondary crushing mechanism also includes two first rotating shafts rotatably mounted on the secondary crushing box; the pressure roller is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft; a gear is fixedly mounted on the first rotating shaft; the two gears are meshed with each other; and a plurality of sets of spiral protrusions are fixedly mounted on the pressure roller.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the three-stage crushing mechanism also includes a second crankshaft rotatably mounted on the support frame; the second crankshaft is connected to one of the first rotating shafts by a belt; a connecting rod is rotatably mounted on the second crankshaft; a top rod hinged to the connecting rod is slidably mounted on the three-stage crushing box; a sliding rod slidably engaged with the grinding block is fixedly mounted on the top rod; a slide groove is provided on the three-stage crushing box; an engaging block slidably engaged with the slide groove is fixedly mounted on the grinding block.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: the delay mechanism includes a stationary rotating disk rotatably mounted on the support frame; a moving rotating disk is slidably engaged on the first rotating shaft; a second pulley rotatably connected to the secondary crushing box is sleeved on the moving rotating disk; a spiral groove is formed on the second pulley; a protruding column slidably engaged with the spiral groove is fixedly mounted on the moving rotating disk; and a plurality of sets of gear blocks are fixedly mounted on both the moving rotating disk and the stationary rotating disk.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: the delay mechanism also includes a first pulley rotatably mounted on the secondary crushing box; a plurality of matching grooves are provided in the first pulley; a fixed block is fixedly mounted on the main shaft; a plurality of centrifugal grooves are provided on the fixed block; a centrifugal block is slidably engaged in the centrifugal groove; the centrifugal block cooperates with the matching groove, and the first pulley and the second pulley are connected by a belt; a baffle is rotatably mounted on the movable turntable; a second return spring fixedly connected to the support frame is fixedly mounted on the baffle.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention: a primary filter plate is fixedly installed on the secondary crushing box; the primary filter plate is arranged at the connection point between the primary crushing box and the secondary crushing box; a secondary filter plate is fixedly installed on the tertiary crushing box; the secondary filter plate is arranged at the connection point between the secondary crushing box and the tertiary crushing box; a first ramp is fixedly installed directly below the primary filter plate; the lower end of the first ramp is connected to the secondary filter plate, and the first ramp is fixedly installed on the secondary crushing box; a second ramp is fixedly installed directly below the secondary filter plate; the lower end of the second ramp is arranged below the tertiary filter plate.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention: two groups of rollers are rotatably mounted on the support frame; the two groups of rollers are connected by a conveyor belt; one of the rollers is connected to one of the first rotating shafts by a belt; and the conveyor belt is arranged directly below the three-stage filter plate.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention: the pore sizes of the filter pores of the secondary filter plate and the tertiary filter plate are equal and smaller than the pore size of the filter pores of the primary filter plate.

[0020] A method for crushing construction waste by a construction waste treatment device based on multi-stage crushing according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: Throwing construction waste into the primary crushing box; the large particles of construction waste are initially crushed by the primary crushing mechanism to obtain large particles of waste;

[0022] Step 2: The garbage pieces with larger particle sizes will be moved to the secondary crushing box, and the garbage pieces with larger particle sizes will be further crushed by the secondary crushing mechanism to obtain garbage pieces with smaller particle sizes;

[0023] Step 3: The garbage pieces with smaller particle sizes will be moved to the three-stage crushing box, and the three-stage crushing mechanism will further crush the garbage pieces with smaller particle sizes to obtain small-particle garbage powder;

[0024] Step 4: The garbage powder will fall onto the conveyor belt, through which the garbage powder will be continuously transported out.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that at the initial stage of motor startup, the primary crushing mechanism and the delay mechanism will be driven to move first, and the static rotating disk and the dynamic rotating disk on the delay mechanism are separated from each other at the initial stage of startup, so at this time, the load on the main shaft is only the primary crushing mechanism. After the primary crushing mechanism stabilizes, the dynamic rotating disk and the static rotating disk on the delay mechanism will contact and bite each other, thereby driving the secondary crushing mechanism and the tertiary crushing mechanism to move; thereby reducing the starting load of the motor, thereby increasing the service life and maintenance frequency of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 The present invention is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a construction waste treatment device and method based on multi-stage crushing.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a primary crushing box, a secondary crushing box and a tertiary crushing box in an embodiment of a construction waste treatment device and method based on multi-stage crushing.

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure at A in the middle.

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure from a cross-sectional perspective.

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective.

[0031] Figure 6It is a structural schematic diagram of a delay mechanism in an embodiment of a construction waste treatment device and method based on multi-stage crushing.

[0032] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure from an exploded perspective.

[0033] Figure 8 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a movable turntable in one embodiment of a construction waste treatment device and method based on multi-stage crushing.

[0034] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grinding block in one embodiment of a construction waste treatment device and method based on multi-stage crushing.

[0035] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure at B in the figure.

[0036] In the figure: 1. Support frame;

[0037] 2. Primary crushing box; 201. Rotating plate

[0038] 3. Fixed jaw plate;

[0039] 4. Moving jaw plate;

[0040] 5. First crankshaft;

[0041] 6. The first moving plate;

[0042] 7. The second moving plate;

[0043] 8. Articulated rod;

[0044] 9. First return spring;

[0045] 10. Primary filter plate;

[0046] 11. Secondary crushing box; 1101. First ramp;

[0047] 12. first rotating shaft; 1201. gear;

[0048] 13. Pressing roller; 1301. Spiral protrusion;

[0049] 14. Secondary filter plate;

[0050] 15. Three-stage crushing box; 1501. Second ramp; 1502. Chute;

[0051] 16. Second crankshaft;

[0052] 17. Connecting rod;

[0053] 18, top rod; 1801, slide rod;

[0054] 19. Grinding block; 1901. Chiming block;

[0055] 20. Three-stage filter plate;

[0056] 21. Roller;

[0057] 22. Conveyor belt;

[0058] 23. Motor;

[0059] 24. Main shaft;

[0060] 25. fixed block; 2501. centrifugal tank;

[0061] 26. Centrifugal block;

[0062] 27. first pulley; 2701. matching groove;

[0063] 28. second pulley; 2801. spiral groove;

[0064] 29. Moving turntable; 2901. Protruding column;

[0065] 30. Static turntable;

[0066] 31. Baffle;

[0067] 32. Second return spring;

[0068] 33. Tooth block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0070] In addition, when an element in the present invention is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only embodiment.

[0071] See also Figures 1 to 10 In an embodiment of the present invention, a construction waste treatment device based on multi-stage crushing includes a support frame 1; a primary crushing box 2, a secondary crushing box 11, and a tertiary crushing box 15 which are interconnected are fixedly mounted on the support frame 1;

[0072] The primary crushing box 2 is provided with a primary crushing mechanism; the primary crushing mechanism comprises a fixed jaw plate 3 and a movable jaw plate 4; the fixed jaw plate 3 is fixedly mounted on the primary crushing box 2, and the movable jaw plate 4 can reciprocate close to or away from the fixed jaw plate 3 to preliminarily crush the construction waste;

[0073] The secondary crushing box 11 is provided with a secondary crushing mechanism, which includes two pressing rollers 13 rotatably mounted on the secondary crushing box 11 and symmetrical to each other; the two pressing rollers 13 can rotate simultaneously to further crush the construction waste;

[0074] The three-stage crushing box 15 is provided with a three-stage crushing mechanism, which includes a three-stage filter plate 20 and a grinding block 19; the grinding block 19 reciprocates on the three-stage filter plate 20 to further crush the construction waste;

[0075] A motor 23 is fixedly mounted on the secondary crushing box 11; a main shaft 24 is fixedly mounted on the output end of the motor 23; the main shaft 24 is connected to the primary crushing mechanism; a delay mechanism is provided on the support frame 1, and the delay mechanism is connected to the secondary crushing mechanism and the tertiary crushing mechanism; after the motor 23 drives the primary crushing mechanism to operate, the secondary crushing mechanism and the tertiary crushing mechanism can be driven to operate through the delay mechanism.

[0076] Taking the embodiment of the combination of all the features recorded in the present application as an example, when in use, the motor 23 is started to drive the main shaft 24 to rotate; when the main shaft 24 rotates, it will first drive the primary crushing device and the delay mechanism to operate; after the primary crushing device operates stably, the main shaft 24 will drive the secondary crushing mechanism and the tertiary crushing mechanism to operate synchronously through the delay mechanism; thereby reducing the starting load of the motor 23, thereby increasing the service life and maintenance frequency of the device;

[0077] Construction waste is continuously thrown into the primary crushing box 2 through the conveying device; there is a gap between the fixed jaw plate 3 and the movable jaw plate 4, there is also a gap between the two pressure rollers 13, and there is also a gap between the grinding block 19 and the tertiary filter plate 20; and the gaps are reduced in sequence.

[0078] In the primary crushing box 2: the operation of the primary crushing mechanism will drive the movable jaw plate 4 to reciprocate towards or away from the fixed jaw plate 3, and in the process of the movable jaw plate 4 approaching the fixed jaw plate 3, the construction waste will be squeezed, rubbed, crushed and other multiple crushing, so that the large particles of construction waste are initially crushed into larger particles of garbage; and the larger particles of garbage will fall into the secondary crushing box 11.

[0079] In the secondary crushing box 11: When the secondary crushing mechanism is in operation, it will drive the two pressure rollers 13 to rotate in opposite directions, so as to further crush the garbage pieces with larger particles into garbage pieces with smaller particles; and the garbage pieces with smaller particles will fall into the tertiary crushing box 15.

[0080] In the tertiary crushing box 15: when the tertiary crushing mechanism is in operation, it will drive the grinding block 19 to move back and forth on the tertiary filter plate 20. The reciprocating grinding block 19 drives the garbage blocks with smaller particle sizes to move on the tertiary filter plate 20 to grind the garbage blocks into small particles.

[0081] The first-stage crushing mechanism, the second-stage crushing mechanism and the third-stage crushing mechanism cooperate with each other to repeatedly squeeze and grind the construction waste to form small-particle garbage powder; the construction waste crushing efficiency can be effectively improved, and the staged crushing method can effectively reduce the workload of the device, thereby reducing the maintenance frequency of the device and increasing the service life of the device.

[0082] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the primary crushing mechanism also includes a first crankshaft 5 rotatably mounted on the primary crushing box 2; the first crankshaft 5 is connected to the main rotating shaft 24 by a belt; a first movable plate 6 is rotatably mounted on the first crankshaft 5; the movable jaw plate 4 is fixedly mounted on the first movable plate 6, and a second movable plate 7 hinged to the first movable plate 6 is rotatably mounted on the primary crushing box 2; a rotating plate 201 is rotatably mounted on the primary crushing box 2; a hinged rod 8 hinged to the second movable plate 7 is slidably mounted on the rotating plate 201; a first return spring 9 is wrapped around the hinged rod 8; and the two ends of the first return spring 9 respectively contact the hinged rod 8 and the rotating plate 201.

[0083] Taking the embodiment combining all the features described in the present application as an example, when in use, the main shaft 24 rotates and drives the first crankshaft 5 to rotate through the belt.

[0084] The rotating first crankshaft 5 will drive the first movable plate 6 to rise or fall reciprocatingly; when the first movable plate 6 rises, the angle between the first movable plate 6 and the second movable plate 7 becomes larger (the second movable plate 7 will rotate upward, and the first movable plate 6 will drive the movable jaw plate 4 to approach the fixed jaw plate 3), and the second movable plate 7 will drive the hinged rod 8 to slide toward the fixed jaw plate 3 to compress the first return spring 9; during this process, the rotating plate 201 will rotate, and the angle between the hinged rod 8 and the second movable plate 7 will change. When the movable jaw plate 4 approaches the fixed jaw plate 3, the movable jaw plate 4 and the fixed jaw plate 3 will perform multiple crushing such as squeezing, rubbing, and rolling on the construction waste, so as to initially crush the large particles of construction waste into larger particles of garbage blocks.

[0085] When the first movable plate 6 descends, the angle between the first movable plate 6 and the second movable plate 7 becomes smaller. The second movable plate 7 will rotate downward, and the first movable plate 6 will drive the movable jaw plate 4 away from the fixed jaw plate 3, so that large particles of construction waste can fall between the movable jaw plate 4 and the fixed jaw plate 3; in this process, the elastic force of the first return spring 9 will drive the hinge rod 8 to move away from the fixed jaw plate 3, thereby driving the second movable plate 7 to rotate downward. As the motor 23 rotates continuously, the movable jaw plate 4 performs periodic crushing and discharging to achieve batch production. Through multiple crushing methods such as extrusion, grinding, and rolling, the difficulty of crushing large particles of construction waste into larger particles of garbage blocks can be effectively reduced.

[0086] The garbage pieces with larger particles will fall into the secondary crushing box 11.

[0087] In another embodiment of the present invention, the secondary crushing mechanism also includes two first rotating shafts 12 rotatably mounted on the secondary crushing box 11; the pressure roller 13 is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft 12; a gear 1201 is fixedly mounted on the first rotating shaft 12; the two gears 1201 are meshed with each other; and a plurality of sets of spiral protrusions 1301 are fixedly mounted on the pressure roller 13.

[0088] Taking the embodiment combining all the features recorded in the present application as an example, when in use, when a first rotating shaft 12 rotates, it drives the gear 1201 to rotate, and drives another gear 1201 to rotate through meshing, thereby driving another first rotating shaft 12 to rotate, thereby driving the two pressure rollers 13 to rotate, and the rotation directions are opposite, thereby driving the spiral protrusion 1301 to rotate.

[0089] After the garbage pieces with larger particles fall into the secondary crushing box 11, they will fall between the two pressure rollers 13. At this time, the rotating spiral protrusions 1301 will clamp the garbage pieces, and the clamping force will continue to increase. Finally, the garbage pieces with larger particles will be squeezed and crushed into garbage pieces with smaller particles.

[0090] Since the spacing of the pressure rollers 13 is effective (when the spacing is too large, the crushing effect is poor, and when the spacing is too small, the crushing efficiency is low), the crushing effect on large particles of construction waste is low, and the construction waste that has been preliminarily crushed can be clamped by the spiral protrusions 1301, so that the larger particles of garbage can be crushed into smaller particles of garbage; and the smaller particles of garbage will fall into the tertiary crushing box 15.

[0091] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the three-stage crushing mechanism also includes a second crankshaft 16 rotatably mounted on the support frame 1; the second crankshaft 16 is connected to one of the first rotating shafts 12 via a belt; a connecting rod 17 is rotatably mounted on the second crankshaft 16; a top rod 18 hinged to the connecting rod 17 is slidably mounted on the three-stage crushing box 15; a sliding rod 1801 slidably engaged with the grinding block 19 is fixedly mounted on the top rod 18; a slide groove 1502 is provided on the three-stage crushing box 15; and an engaging block 1901 slidably engaged with the slide groove 1502 is fixedly mounted on the grinding block 19.

[0092] Taking the embodiment combining all the features recorded in the present application as an example, when in use, when the second crankshaft 16 rotates, the connecting rod 17 will drive the push rod 18 to slide back and forth in the tertiary crushing box 15. During this process, the angle between the connecting rod 17 and the push rod 18 will change; and the reciprocating push rod 18 will push the grinding block 19 to move back and forth on the tertiary filter plate 20.

[0093] The tertiary filter plate 20 is set at an angle; when the top rod 18 slides toward the direction of the secondary crushing box 11, the top rod 18 will push the sliding rod 1801 to move synchronously, thereby providing thrust for the grinding block 19; the slide groove 1502 is set parallel to the tertiary filter plate 20, so the mosaic block 1901 will also move upward at an angle in the slide groove 1502 under the action of the thrust. During the movement, the grinding block 19 will slide and cooperate with the sliding rod 1801, and the grinding block 19 will drive the garbage blocks with smaller particles to move on the tertiary filter plate 20, and the garbage blocks are ground by the grinding block 19 and the tertiary filter plate 20 to obtain small-particle garbage powder.

[0094] Small particles of garbage powder will pass through the filtering pores of the tertiary filter plate 20 and be separated from the tertiary crushing box 15 .

[0095] By grinding, the particle size of the garbage powder can be effectively reduced, thereby improving the quality of the finished product after crushing.

[0096] In another embodiment of the present invention, the delay mechanism includes a stationary rotating disk 30 rotatably mounted on the support frame 1; a movable rotating disk 29 is slidably engaged on the first rotating shaft 12; a second pulley 28 rotatably connected to the secondary crushing box 11 is sleeved on the movable rotating disk 29; a spiral groove 2801 is formed on the second pulley 28; a protruding column 2901 slidably engaged with the spiral groove 2801 is fixedly mounted on the movable rotating disk 29; and a plurality of sets of tooth blocks 33 are fixedly mounted on both the movable rotating disk 29 and the stationary rotating disk 30.

[0097] Taking the embodiment combining all the features described in the present application as an example, when the motor 23 is started, the main shaft 24 is driven to rotate, and the main shaft 24 drives the second pulley 28 to rotate, and drives the stationary rotating plate 30 to rotate at the same time.

[0098] When the second pulley 28 rotates, it will drive the spiral groove 2801 to rotate synchronously, and through the sliding cooperation with the protruding column 2901, it will drive the protruding column 2901 to move toward the static rotating plate 30, thereby driving the dynamic rotating plate 29 to move synchronously.

[0099] Since the movable turntable 29 is connected to the secondary pulverizing mechanism and the tertiary pulverizing mechanism, its load is relatively large. Therefore, when the second pulley 28 rotates, it is difficult to drive the movable turntable 29 to rotate.

[0100] As the moving rotating disc 29 and the stationary rotating disc 30 get closer, the tooth blocks 33 will engage with each other. One side of the tooth block 33 is arranged parallel to the first rotating shaft 12, so after the engagement, the rotating stationary rotating disc 30 will drive the moving rotating disc 29 to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the first rotating shaft 12 to rotate, thereby driving the secondary crushing mechanism and the tertiary crushing mechanism to operate.

[0101] That is, at the initial stage of starting the motor 23, the primary crushing mechanism and the delay mechanism will be driven to move first, and the static rotating disk 30 and the dynamic rotating disk 29 on the delay mechanism are separated from each other at the initial stage of starting, so at this time, the load on the main shaft 24 is only the primary crushing mechanism. After the primary crushing mechanism moves stably, the dynamic rotating disk 29 and the static rotating disk 30 on the delay mechanism will contact and engage with each other, thereby driving the secondary crushing mechanism and the tertiary crushing mechanism to move; thereby reducing the starting load of the motor 23, thereby increasing the service life and maintenance frequency of the device.

[0102] In another embodiment of the present invention, the delay mechanism also includes a first pulley 27 rotatably mounted on the secondary crushing box 11; a plurality of matching grooves 2701 are provided in the first pulley 27; a fixed block 25 is fixedly mounted on the main shaft 24; a plurality of centrifugal grooves 2501 are provided on the fixed block 25; a centrifugal block 26 is slidably engaged in the centrifugal groove 2501; the centrifugal block 26 cooperates with the matching groove 2701, and the first pulley 27 and the second pulley 28 are connected by a belt; a baffle 31 is rotatably mounted on the movable turntable 29; a second return spring 32 fixedly connected to the support frame 1 is fixedly mounted on the baffle 31.

[0103] Taking the embodiment combining all the features described in the present application as an example, when in use, when the movable rotating disk 29 approaches the stationary rotating disk 30 , the baffle plate 31 will be driven to move synchronously, thereby compressing the second return spring 32 .

[0104] At the initial start of the motor 23, the main shaft 24 drives the fixed block 25 to rotate, and under the action of centrifugal force, drives the centrifugal block 26 to move outward in the centrifugal groove 2501. When the centrifugal block 26 moves into the matching groove 2701, the fixed block 25 drives the first pulley 27 to rotate synchronously through the centrifugal block 26, thereby driving the second pulley 28 to rotate through the belt. In this way, the moving turntable 29 is driven to approach the static turntable 30 until the two contact and bite each other.

[0105] When the motor 23 stops rotating, the main rotating shaft 24 stops rotating, thereby causing the stationary rotating plate 30, the first pulley 27 and the second pulley 28 to stop rotating; a tension spring is provided in the centrifugal groove 2501, and after the centrifugal block 26 stops rotating, it will slide inward in the centrifugal groove 2501 under the action of the tension spring, so that the centrifugal block 26 is separated from the matching groove 2701;

[0106] Under the elastic force of the second return spring 32, the movable rotating disk 29 is driven to move toward the static rotating disk 30 through the baffle 31, thereby driving the second pulley 28 to rotate in the opposite direction through the sliding cooperation between the protruding column 2901 and the spiral groove 2801, thereby driving the first pulley 27 to rotate in the opposite direction until the movable rotating disk 29 is reset. Since the starting load of the motor 23 is low, the service life and maintenance frequency of the device are improved.

[0107] In another embodiment of the present invention, a primary filter plate 10 is fixedly installed on the secondary crushing box 11; the primary filter plate 10 is arranged at the connection point between the primary crushing box 2 and the secondary crushing box 11; a secondary filter plate 14 is fixedly installed on the tertiary crushing box 15; the secondary filter plate 14 is arranged at the connection point between the secondary crushing box 11 and the tertiary crushing box 15; a first ramp 1101 is fixedly installed directly below the primary filter plate 10; the lower end of the first ramp 1101 is connected to the secondary filter plate 14, and the first ramp 1101 is fixedly installed on the secondary crushing box 11; a second ramp 1501 is fixedly installed directly below the secondary filter plate 14; the lower end of the second ramp 1501 is arranged below the tertiary filter plate 20.

[0108] Taking the embodiment combining all the features described in the present application as an example, when the primary crushing mechanism performs preliminary crushing on large particles of construction waste, a large number of large-particle garbage blocks, a small number of small-particle garbage blocks and small-particle garbage powder will be obtained.

[0109] Under the filtering effect of the primary filter plate 10 , the garbage pieces with larger particles will enter the secondary crushing box 11 for secondary crushing; while the garbage pieces with smaller particles and small-particle garbage powder will roll down the first ramp 1101 to the secondary filter plate 14 .

[0110] When the secondary crushing mechanism performs secondary crushing on the garbage blocks with larger particles, more garbage blocks with smaller particles and small-particle garbage powder will be obtained.

[0111] Under the filtering effect of the secondary filter plate 14 , garbage pieces with smaller particles will enter the tertiary crushing box 15 for tertiary crushing; while small particles of garbage powder will fall on the second ramp 1501 .

[0112] When the three-stage crushing mechanism performs three-stage crushing on the garbage blocks with smaller particles, small-particle garbage powder will be obtained; the obtained garbage powder will fall on the second ramp 1501 and finally discharged.

[0113] Through the filtering effect of the primary filter plate 10 and the secondary filter plate 14, the crushing efficiency of the construction waste can be effectively improved and the discharge time of the waste powder can be shortened, and repeated crushing can be avoided, thereby reducing the power consumption of the crushing device.

[0114] In another embodiment of the present invention, two groups of rollers 21 are rotatably mounted on the support frame 1; the two groups of rollers 21 are connected by a conveyor belt 22; one of the rollers 21 is connected to one of the first rotating shafts 12 by a belt; and the conveyor belt 22 is arranged directly below the three-stage filter plate 20.

[0115] Taking the embodiment combining all the features described in this application as an example, when in use, the first rotating shaft 12 rotates to drive the roller 21 to rotate, thereby driving the conveyor belt 22 to rotate; the second ramp 1501 is arranged above the conveyor belt 22, so that the garbage powder will fall on the conveyor belt 22 and be discharged by the rotating conveyor belt 22.

[0116] In another embodiment of the present invention, the pore sizes of the filtering pores of the secondary filter plate 14 and the tertiary filter plate 20 are equal and smaller than the pore size of the filtering pores of the primary filter plate 10 .

[0117] Taking the embodiment combining all the features described in the present application as an example, when in use, the filtering effect of the primary filter plate 10 and the secondary filter plate 14 can effectively improve the crushing efficiency of construction waste and shorten the discharge time of waste powder, and can avoid repeated crushing, thereby reducing the power consumption of the crushing device.

[0118] A method for crushing construction waste using the construction waste treatment device based on multi-stage crushing as described above comprises the following steps:

[0119] Step 1: Throwing construction waste into the primary crushing box 2; using the primary crushing mechanism to preliminarily crush large particles of construction waste to obtain large particles of waste;

[0120] Step 2: The garbage pieces with larger particle sizes are moved to the secondary crushing box 11, and the garbage pieces with larger particle sizes are further crushed by the secondary crushing mechanism to obtain garbage pieces with smaller particle sizes;

[0121] Step 3: The garbage pieces with smaller particle sizes are moved to the three-stage crushing box 15, and the garbage pieces with smaller particle sizes are further crushed by the three-stage crushing mechanism to obtain garbage powder with small particle sizes;

[0122] Step 4: The garbage powder will fall onto the conveyor belt 22, and the conveyor belt 22 will continuously convey the garbage powder out.

[0123] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0124] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A construction waste treatment device based on multi-stage crushing, comprising a support frame (1); a primary crushing box (2), a secondary crushing box (11), and a tertiary crushing box (15) which are interconnected are fixedly mounted on the support frame (1); It is characterized in that The primary crushing box (2) is provided with a primary crushing mechanism; the primary crushing mechanism comprises a fixed jaw plate (3) and a movable jaw plate (4); the fixed jaw plate (3) is fixedly mounted on the primary crushing box (2), and the movable jaw plate (4) can reciprocate to approach or move away from the fixed jaw plate (3) to preliminarily crush the construction waste; The secondary crushing box (11) is provided with a secondary crushing mechanism, and the secondary crushing mechanism comprises two pressing rollers (13) rotatably mounted on the secondary crushing box (11) and symmetrical to each other; the two pressing rollers (13) can rotate simultaneously to further crush the construction waste; The three-stage crushing box (15) is provided with a three-stage crushing mechanism, and the three-stage crushing mechanism comprises a three-stage filter plate (20) and a grinding block (19); the grinding block (19) reciprocates on the three-stage filter plate (20) to further crush the construction waste; A motor (23) is fixedly mounted on the secondary crushing box (11); a main rotating shaft (24) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the motor (23); the main rotating shaft (24) is connected to the primary crushing mechanism; a delay mechanism is arranged on the support frame (1), and the delay mechanism is connected to the secondary crushing mechanism and the tertiary crushing mechanism; after the motor (23) drives the primary crushing mechanism to move, the delay mechanism can drive the secondary crushing mechanism and the tertiary crushing mechanism to move.

2. The construction waste treatment device based on multi-stage crushing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The primary crushing mechanism further comprises a first crankshaft (5) rotatably mounted on the primary crushing box (2); the first crankshaft (5) is connected to the main rotating shaft (24) by a belt; a first movable plate (6) is rotatably mounted on the first crankshaft (5); the movable jaw plate (4) is fixedly mounted on the first movable plate (6), and a second movable plate (7) hinged to the first movable plate (6) is rotatably mounted on the primary crushing box (2); a rotating plate (201) is rotatably mounted on the primary crushing box (2); a hinged rod (8) hinged to the second movable plate (7) is slidably mounted on the rotating plate (201); a first return spring (9) is wrapped around the hinged rod (8); two ends of the first return spring (9) respectively contact the hinged rod (8) and the rotating plate (201).

3. The construction waste treatment device based on multi-stage crushing according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The secondary crushing mechanism further comprises two first rotating shafts (12) rotatably mounted on the secondary crushing box (11); the pressure roller (13) is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft (12); a gear (1201) is fixedly mounted on the first rotating shaft (12); the two gears (1201) are meshed with each other; and a plurality of groups of spiral protrusions (1301) are fixedly mounted on the pressure roller (13).

4. The construction waste treatment device based on multi-stage crushing according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The three-stage crushing mechanism also includes a second crankshaft (16) rotatably mounted on the support frame (1); the second crankshaft (16) is connected to one of the first rotating shafts (12) by a belt; a connecting rod (17) is rotatably mounted on the second crankshaft (16); a top rod (18) hinged to the connecting rod (17) is slidably mounted on the three-stage crushing box (15); a sliding rod (1801) slidably engaged with the grinding block (19) is fixedly mounted on the top rod (18); a sliding groove (1502) is provided on the three-stage crushing box (15); and an engaging block (1901) slidably engaged with the sliding groove (1502) is fixedly mounted on the grinding block (19).

5. The construction waste treatment device based on multi-stage crushing according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The delay mechanism comprises a stationary rotating disk (30) rotatably mounted on the support frame (1); a movable rotating disk (29) slidably engaged with the first rotating shaft (12); a second pulley (28) rotatably connected to the secondary crushing box (11) is sleeved on the movable rotating disk (29); a spiral groove (2801) is formed on the second pulley (28); a protruding column (2901) slidably engaged with the spiral groove (2801) is fixedly mounted on the movable rotating disk (29); and a plurality of groups of tooth blocks (33) are fixedly mounted on both the movable rotating disk (29) and the stationary rotating disk (30).

6. The construction waste treatment device based on multi-stage crushing according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The delay mechanism also includes a first pulley (27) rotatably mounted on the secondary crushing box (11); a plurality of matching grooves (2701) are provided in the first pulley (27); a fixed block (25) is fixedly mounted on the main shaft (24); a plurality of centrifugal grooves (2501) are provided on the fixed block (25); a centrifugal block (26) is slidably engaged in the centrifugal groove (2501); the centrifugal block (26) and the matching groove (2701) cooperate with each other, and the first pulley (27) and the second pulley (28) are connected by a belt; a baffle (31) is rotatably mounted on the movable turntable (29); a second return spring (32) fixedly connected to the support frame (1) is fixedly mounted on the baffle (31).

7. The construction waste treatment device based on multi-stage crushing according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A primary filter plate (10) is fixedly mounted on the secondary crushing box (11); the primary filter plate (10) is arranged at the connection point between the primary crushing box (2) and the secondary crushing box (11); a secondary filter plate (14) is fixedly mounted on the tertiary crushing box (15); the secondary filter plate (14) is arranged at the connection point between the secondary crushing box (11) and the tertiary crushing box (15); a first ramp (1101) is fixedly mounted directly below the primary filter plate (10); the lower end of the first ramp (1101) is connected to the secondary filter plate (14), and the first ramp (1101) is fixedly mounted on the secondary crushing box (11); a second ramp (1501) is fixedly mounted directly below the secondary filter plate (14); the lower end of the second ramp (1501) is arranged below the tertiary filter plate (20).

8. The construction waste treatment device based on multi-stage crushing according to claim 7 is characterized in that: Two groups of rollers (21) are rotatably mounted on the support frame (1); the two groups of rollers (21) are connected via a conveyor belt (22); one of the rollers (21) is connected to one of the first rotating shafts (12) via a belt; and the conveyor belt (22) is arranged directly below the three-stage filter plate (20).

9. The construction waste treatment device based on multi-stage crushing according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The pore sizes of the filtering pores of the secondary filter plate (14) and the tertiary filter plate (20) are equal and smaller than the pore size of the filtering pores of the primary filter plate (10).

10. A method for crushing construction waste using a construction waste treatment device based on multi-stage crushing as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: throwing construction waste into the primary crushing box (2); using the primary crushing mechanism to preliminarily crush large particles of construction waste to obtain large particles of waste; Step 2: The garbage pieces with larger particle sizes are moved to the secondary crushing box (11), and the garbage pieces with larger particle sizes are further crushed by the secondary crushing mechanism to obtain garbage pieces with smaller particle sizes; Step 3: The garbage pieces with smaller particle sizes are moved to the three-stage crushing box (15), and the garbage pieces with smaller particle sizes are further crushed by the three-stage crushing mechanism to obtain garbage powder with small particle sizes; Step 4: The garbage powder will fall onto the conveyor belt (22), and the conveyor belt (22) will continuously convey the garbage powder out.

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