A multifunctional tube shrinking and shaping machine and its diameter shrinking and shaping method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multifunctional tube shrinking and shaping machine and its diameter reduction and shaping method, comprising a transmission gear 1, a transmission gear 2, a servo motor, and a coaxially arranged main shaft assembly and a camshaft sleeve, wherein the camshaft sleeve is located outside the main shaft assembly, and the main shaft assembly comprises a main shaft, and a push plate capable of moving radially along the main shaft is provided between the main shaft and the camshaft sleeve, and a striking plate and a diameter reduction mold distributed in a circumference are also provided in the main shaft, and the diameter reduction mold is connected to the push plate through the striking plate. In the present invention, the transmission of the gear rotation is adopted by the servo motor, so that the phenomenon of transmission flywheel driving slippage is avoided, and the camshaft sleeve and the main shaft assembly can be driven to rotate separately or together, and the rate of diameter reduction can be controlled, and the main shaft assembly can be rotated intermittently, and the paused gap can complete the product forward pushing processing and backward pulling unloading, thereby improving the processing accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tube shrinking and shaping machines, and more specifically to a multifunctional tube shrinking and shaping machine and a diameter reducing and shaping method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As the demand for lightweight automobiles increases, the spatial layout of electrification becomes more complex, resulting in more complex cross-sectional circumferences of hydraulic pipe fittings in body and chassis design, and thin wall thickness and high strength of the material. In order to meet the feasibility of hydraulic forming of the product, the process of reducing the outer diameter of the specified part of the tube in advance becomes indispensable. However, the traditional diameter reduction method has a limited processing range and cannot meet the processing needs of high-strength pipes.

[0003] Disadvantages of using punching and compression pipe technology:

[0004] The size of a single shrinkage by stamping is very limited, and after the upper and lower two-petal processing, the product is prone to form a very obvious mold mark in the mold parting line area. Moreover, as the number of shrinkage times increases, the size of each shrinkage will become smaller, and the mold mark will also become more serious, making it impossible to carry out subsequent processes.

[0005] Disadvantages of using the spinning compression tube process:

[0006] The outer diameter size that can be reduced by spinning at a single time is also very limited. Once the reduction ratio is large, the tube diameter will need to be reduced several times, which is very inefficient. The extrusion marks on the surface of the product after spinning are very obvious. Once the reduction range is too large, a layer of spiral lines will appear on the outer surface of the reduction, affecting subsequent processing.

[0007] Disadvantages of using the tube shrinking machine process:

[0008] Common tube shrinking machines (also called pointing machines) are often used in the furniture industry, such as the processing of table legs, chair legs, guardrail rods and other accessories, and their precision requirements are not high. However, if they are to be applied to automotive parts that require higher precision, their working capacity cannot be met.

[0009] The defects of common tube shrinking machines are described as follows:

[0010] 1. The traditional tube shrinking machine is driven by a flywheel to drive the main shaft to rotate. The flywheel and the motor are only powered by a belt. The higher the strength of the processed tube, the greater the processing reaction force transmitted to the flywheel, and the belt is prone to slipping.

[0011] 2. Traditional equipment lacks a reasonable quick installation mechanism, the mold is in direct contact with the spindle mounting surface, and there is a lack of lubrication mechanism in the mutual motion area. Long-term work will cause side wear, and in severe cases, the mold will be stuck;

[0012] 3. Traditional equipment lacks a mechanism that can automatically reset the mold. When the equipment stops working, the molds are scattered around the base. The molds at the top and on both sides are easily misplaced under their own gravity, making it difficult to disassemble and assemble the molds.

[0013] 4. The traditional tube shrinking machine can only realize the main shaft rotation. The mold is installed in the main shaft of the equipment. During the whole processing process, the mold will rotate at high speed with the flywheel, and the product will also be driven to rotate when it is inserted. During the operation, whether it is pushed forward or pulled back to remove, there are great safety hazards;

[0014] 5. Traditional equipment produces a lot of noise during processing. The equipment itself is not designed with any noise-reducing structure, and long-term operation will cause noise pollution;

[0015] In summary, the existing traditional processes cannot meet the processing requirements, especially the shrink tube equipment, which has been greatly limited in scope of application due to many defects. Summary of the invention

[0016] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to improve the processing accuracy of a tube shrinking machine.

[0017] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means: a multifunctional tube shrinking and shaping machine, comprising a transmission gear 1, a transmission gear 2, a servo motor, and a coaxially arranged main shaft assembly and a camshaft sleeve, wherein the camshaft sleeve is located on the outside of the main shaft assembly, and the main shaft assembly comprises a main shaft, and a push plate capable of moving radially along the main shaft is provided between the main shaft and the camshaft sleeve, and a striking plate and a shrinking mold distributed in a circumference are also provided in the main shaft, and the shrinking mold is connected to the push plate through the striking plate; the main shaft assembly and the camshaft sleeve are respectively fixedly connected with a transmission gear 1 and a transmission gear 2, and the output ends of the two servo motors are respectively connected to the transmission gear 1 and the transmission gear 2, and can drive the transmission gear 1 and / or the transmission gear 2 to rotate with their axes as the rotating axes.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution, a knurled groove is formed on the inner wall of the camshaft sleeve, and the push plate is rotatably connected to one end of the camshaft sleeve with a bearing three, and a gap is left between the bearing three and the push plate.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution, a striking plate fixed shaft is provided between the multiple striking plates and is elastically connected to the striking plate fixed shaft through a spring. One end of the main shaft assembly is fixedly connected to an adjusting shaft, and one end of the adjusting shaft is against the striking plate fixed shaft and the striking plate.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution, the spindle assembly includes a spindle, a spindle end cover, and a mold clamping block. One end of the spindle is fixedly connected to the spindle end cover, and the other end is fixedly connected to the mold clamping block. The spindle is circumferentially provided with limiting holes that are compatible with the push plate.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution, a local processing area is formed on one end of the reducing die facing the axis of the main shaft assembly, and the local processing area includes a molding cavity area and a contact surface and an air avoidance surface that contact the two sides of the molding cavity area respectively. A lubrication block and a ball bearing are provided on one end of the reducing die that cooperates with the inner wall of the main shaft assembly.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution, the reducing die has a trapezoidal key formed at one end away from the main shaft assembly axis, and the impact plate has a mounting groove, a protrusion and a dovetail groove adapted to the trapezoidal key formed at one end facing the axis, and the impact plate is abutted against the reducing die through the protrusion.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution, it also includes a spindle support seat and a machine base arranged along the axial direction of the spindle assembly. The spindle assembly is rotatably connected to the spindle support seat through a bearing, and the camshaft sleeve is rotatably connected to the machine base through a bearing. Silence cotton is also provided in the machine base and on the camshaft sleeve.

[0024] The invention discloses a diameter reduction and shaping method of a multifunctional tube shrinking and shaping machine. The output end of the servo motor drives a transmission gear to drive a main shaft assembly to rotate with its axis as the rotating shaft.

[0025] As a preferred technical solution, the output end of the servo motor drives the transmission gear 2 to drive the camshaft sleeve to rotate with its axis as the rotating shaft.

[0026] As a preferred technical solution, the output ends of the two servo motors respectively drive transmission gear one and transmission gear two to rotate with their axes as rotating axes. The rotation directions of transmission gear one and transmission gear two are the same or opposite. When the rotation directions of transmission gear one and transmission gear two are the same, the rotation speed of transmission gear one is greater than the rotation speed of transmission gear two or the rotation speed of transmission gear two is at least four times greater than the rotation speed of transmission gear one. When the rotation directions of transmission gear one and transmission gear two are opposite, transmission gear one rotates intermittently.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] (1) In the present invention, the servo motor adopts gear rotation transmission to avoid the phenomenon of transmission flywheel drive slippage. It can drive the camshaft sleeve and the main shaft assembly to rotate separately or together, and can control the shrinkage rate. The main shaft assembly can rotate intermittently, and the pause gap can complete the product forward pushing processing and backward pulling unloading, thereby improving the processing accuracy.

[0029] (2) In the present invention, the main shaft does not participate in the movement. After the position is locked, only the camshaft sleeve moves. The interior of the product cooperates with the core rod support, which can easily realize products with high requirements for internal and external dimensional accuracy. By changing the size of the reducing mold and cooperating with the built-in structure of the core rod, the technical defect that the cross-section of the product processed in the prior art is limited to a circle can be overcome, so that shapes such as rectangles, ellipses and diamonds can be processed.

[0030] (3) In the present invention, a striking plate fixing shaft is provided between the multiple striking plates and is elastically connected to the striking plate fixing shaft through a spring to ensure that when the rear bearing of the push plate is in the groove of the cam sleeve, the entire mold is stretched open under the action of the spring force, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly. At the same time, the areas of the mold involved in sliding are designed with lubrication mechanisms to reduce the movement resistance of the product to a minimum.

[0031] (4) In the present invention, the noise generated during the operation of the equipment can be reduced by setting the sound-absorbing cotton. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a striking plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a diameter reduction die provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the push plate structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the main shaft structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed shaft of the striking plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a spring installation structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the main shaft end cover structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the matching structure of the main shaft and the cam sleeve provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the camshaft sleeve structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of a state structure of a method 1 provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of a state 2 structure of mode 1 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of a state three structure of mode 1 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of a state 4 structure of mode 1 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.16 A schematic diagram of the structure of state 1 of mode 2 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Fig.17 A schematic diagram of a state 2 structure of a second mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Fig.18 A schematic diagram of a state 3 structure of the second mode provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Fig.19 A schematic diagram of a state 4 structure of the second mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Fig. 20 A schematic diagram of a state 1 structure of a third mode provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Fig.21 A schematic diagram of the state 2 structure of the method 3 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure numbers: 1. Spindle support seat; 2. Machine base; 3. Transmission gear 1; 4. Transmission gear 2; 5. Front flange cover; 6. Spindle; 61. Limit hole; 62. Keyway; 7. Camshaft sleeve; 8. Spindle end cover; 9. Rear flange cover; 10. Strike plate; 101. Mounting groove; 102. Protrusion; 103. Dovetail groove; 11. Adjustment shaft; 12. Spring; 13. Strike plate fixing shaft; 14. Positioning rod; 15. Reduction die; 1 51. Ball bearing; 152. Lubricating block; 153. Local processing area; 1531. Molding cavity area; 1532. Contact surface; 1533. Air avoidance surface; 16. Mold clamping block; 17. Bearing end flange; 18. Port flange; 19. Bearing one; 20. Bearing two; 21. Push plate; 211. Bearing three; 212. Fastening block; 22. Bearing four; 23. Spherical bearing; 24. Silencing cotton; 25. Cover plate two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 A multifunctional tube shrinking and shaping machine includes a spindle support base 1, a machine base 2, a transmission gear 1 3, a transmission gear 2 4, a spindle assembly, a cam sleeve 7, a striking plate 10, a shrinking die 15, and a push plate 21;

[0056] The spindle assembly is rotatably connected to the spindle support seat 1 through a bearing 19, the spindle assembly passes through the bearing 19, a spindle end cover 8 is provided at one end of the spindle assembly, and a mold clamping block 16 is fixedly connected to the other end, the mold clamping block 16 is fixedly connected to a bearing end flange 17, the bearing end flange 17 is rotatably matched with a port flange 18 through a spherical bearing 23, the port flange 18 is fixedly connected to the machine base 2 through a front flange cover 5, the port flange 18 is fixedly connected to the front flange cover 5, and the front flange cover 5 is fixedly connected to the machine base 2; a transmission gear 3 is fixedly connected to the outside of the spindle assembly, and the spindle support seat 1 and the machine base 2 are arranged side by side along the axis direction of the spindle assembly;

[0057] The camshaft sleeve 7 is rotatably matched with the machine base 2 through two bearings 4 22. The end of the machine base 2 that matches the outer ring of the bearing 4 22 is provided with a silencer 24 covering the outer ring of the bearing 4 22. The end of the camshaft sleeve 7 facing the main shaft support seat 1 is fixedly connected with a transmission gear 2 4. A cover plate 25 is also fixedly connected to the front flange cover 5. A gap is left between the cover plate 25 and the end of the camshaft sleeve 7 away from the main shaft support seat 1. A silencer 24 is also provided between the cover plate 25 and the bearing 20. See Fig.11 The inner wall of the camshaft sleeve 7 is formed with a knurled groove, and 12 raised arcs are distributed at equal angles on the inner circumference of the knurled groove. The height of the highest point of the raised arc is the length of the stroke of the push plate 21; the camshaft sleeve 7 is located outside the main shaft assembly; the end of the base 1 facing the transmission gear 2 4 is fixedly connected with a rear flange cover 9;

[0058] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5, a striking plate 10, a reducing die 15, and a pushing plate 21 are provided in the main shaft assembly. The main shaft assembly includes a main shaft 6, a main shaft end cover 8, and a mold clamping block 16. One end of the main shaft 6 is fixedly connected to the main shaft end cover 8, and the other end is fixedly connected to the mold clamping block 16. The main shaft end cover 8 is used to isolate the outside and can also play a role in fastening the transmission gear 3. The mold clamping block 16 prevents the reducing die 15 from sliding forward and falling off during movement. The camshaft sleeve 7 is located on the outside of the main shaft 6. The main shaft 6 is circumferentially provided with a plurality of limiting holes 61, and the shape of the limiting holes 61 is adapted to the pushing plate 21. In this embodiment, taking four limiting holes 61 as an example, the main shaft 6 is provided with four equally divided keyways 62 adapted to the reducing die 15, and a silencer 24 is also provided between the mold clamping block 16 and the main shaft 6;

[0059] The push plate 21 is provided with a bearing 3 211 in the circumferential direction, and the end faces along the direction parallel to the axis of the main shaft assembly are respectively fixedly connected with a fastening block 212 by bolts. The fastening block 212 is slidably matched with the end face of the limiting hole 61. The bearing 3 211 can be matched with the low position or high position of the knurled groove on the inner wall of the camshaft sleeve 7 when the push plate 21 moves centrifugally or centripetally relative to the main shaft 6, so as to achieve the reduction and / or shaping of the workpiece; a gap is left between the push plate 21 and the bearing 3 211, so that the bearing 3 211 can realize 360° forward and reverse rotation;

[0060] In the design, the final target state profile that needs to be processed for the diameter reduction is extracted, and then it is evenly divided into four, six or more parts in the circumferential direction. In this embodiment, four profiles are taken as an example, so four diameter reduction molds 15 are set, wherein the four diameter reduction molds 15 are distributed in a circle, and the cross-section is cross-shaped. A lubricating block 152 is provided at one end of the diameter reduction mold 15 that cooperates with the keyway 62. In this embodiment, three lubricating blocks 152 are taken as an example for the end face in the direction parallel to the axis direction of the main shaft assembly, that is, the length direction, and a lubricating block 152 is provided on the end face in the width direction. Ball bearings 151 are provided on both sides of the three lubricating blocks 152. The elastic ball bearings 151 can not only adapt to the gap between the two sides of the diameter reduction mold 15 and the mounting surface of the main shaft 6, but also can better enable the diameter reduction mold 15 to achieve easy movement and sliding.

[0061] See also Figure 4The end of the reduction die 15 facing the axis of the spindle 6 is formed with a local processing area 153, and the local processing area 153 includes a molding cavity area 1531 and contact surfaces 1532 and avoidance surfaces 1533 that contact with the two sides of the molding cavity area 1531 respectively, wherein the molding cavity area 1531 is consistent with the required external dimensions of the final product, and the contact surfaces 1532 on both sides of the molding cavity area 1531, the area close to 30% of the cavity direction, are designed as limit surfaces, and the remaining parts are designed as avoidance surfaces 1533, the purpose is to take into account that the processing accuracy of the large-area inclined surface is difficult to guarantee, once the inclined surface accuracy of a small part of the area exceeds the tolerance, the whole set of molds will not fit well, the avoidance surface 1533 is to ensure that the straight tube is well guided and extruded during the reduction process, and can effectively avoid biting, the end of the reduction die 15 away from the axis of the spindle 6 is formed with a trapezoidal key, and the trapezoidal key and the corresponding mounting surface are provided with a certain draft angle to ensure that all the reduction dies 15 can realize the movement direction of extrusion into the axis;

[0062] See also Figure 7 , Figure 8 The diameter reduction die 15 is abutted against the push plate 21 through the striking plate 10. The end of the striking plate 10 facing the axis is formed with a mounting groove 101, a protrusion 102 and a dovetail groove 103 adapted to the trapezoidal key. The trapezoidal key can slide relative to the dovetail groove 103. The protrusion 102 is abutted against one end of the diameter reduction die 15. A spring 12 is installed in the mounting groove 101. The spring 12 is used to ensure that the diameter reduction die 15 automatically returns to its original position under the action of the striking plate 10 when it is not processed. In this embodiment, four striking plates 10 are provided corresponding to the diameter reduction die 15. A striking plate fixing shaft 13 is installed in the middle of the four striking plates 10. The striking plate fixing shaft 13 The fixed shaft 13 supports the four striking plates 10 through springs 12 respectively. Adjustment shafts 11 are also provided at the ends of the four striking plates 10. The adjustment shaft 11 includes a locking shaft and a cross key that are fixedly connected. The locking shaft passes through the spindle end cover 8. The cross key is located in the spindle assembly and is fixed with the four striking plates 10. The specific installation method is to insert the cross key into the gap between adjacent striking plates 10, and then rotate the cross key to insert it into the groove at the end of the striking plate 10 to prevent the striking plate 10 from moving back and forth. A step is provided in the spindle 6 to limit one end of the striking plate fixing shaft 13, and the other end of the striking plate fixing shaft 13 is against the cross key.

[0063] See also Figure 2 A positioning rod 14 is also provided in the main shaft assembly, the positioning rod 14 passes through the adjusting shaft 11, and a limit block is provided at the end of the positioning rod 14;

[0064] It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the transmission gear 1 3 and the transmission gear 2 4 are independently driven by a set of servo motors and gears, the output end of the servo motor is connected to a gear, and is connected to the transmission gear 1 3 or the transmission gear 2 4 through the gear; the present tube shrinking machine is no longer limited to the traditional tube shrinking machine which can only process thin-walled, low-strength aluminum alloy and stainless steel materials, the maximum strength does not exceed 20#, and the processing range is wider.

[0065] The diameter reduction and shaping methods include the following three methods:

[0066] Method 1: Spindle 6 moves independently to achieve diameter reduction:

[0067] In order to better explain its action principle, the entire shrinking action is decomposed into four states;

[0068] See also Fig.12 State 1: The outer side of the arc of the bearing 3 211 on the push plate 21 is located on the circumference of the cam sleeve 7 and is tangent to it. At this time, the push plate 21 does not provide thrust, and the striking plate 10 is retracted under the support force of the end spring 12. The reducing die 15 is connected to the striking plate 10 through the dovetail groove 103 and is also in the open position, that is, the non-working state;

[0069] See also Fig.13 State 2: the spindle 6 starts to rotate, and the camshaft sleeve 7 is in a locked static state. When the rotation angle is 7.5°, the push plate 21 drives the bearing 3 211 to start rotating along the inner surface track of the camshaft sleeve 7. The bearing 3 211 rotates and slides to a position half the height of the raised arc in the camshaft sleeve 7. The striking plate 10 drives the reducing die 15 to move centripetally toward the axis of the spindle 6, but the four reducing dies 15 do not fit each other. This stage is the initial state of processing;

[0070] See also Fig.14 State three: the main shaft 6 continues to rotate. When the rotation angle is 15°, the bearing 3 211 of the push plate 21 rotates and slides to the highest point of the raised arc inside the cam sleeve 7. The striking plate 10 and the reducing die 15 are pushed toward the center of the circle again, and the reducing die 15 fits each other. This stage is the processing completion state;

[0071] See also Fig.15 State 4: The main shaft continues to rotate. When the rotation angle is 22.5°, the bearing 3 211 of the push plate 21 rotates and slides to the non-raised area of ​​the cam sleeve 7. At this time, the striking plate 10 is no longer subjected to the backward thrust and is pushed back to the initial open position by the spring 12 at the end. The shrinking die 15 is connected to the striking plate 10 and is also pushed back. This stage is the fully retracted state;

[0072] As the main shaft 6 rotates continuously, the bearing 3 211 of the push plate 21 will slide along the internal track of the cam sleeve 7. When it moves to the highest point of the raised arc, the shrinking die 15 will be extruded. When it slides to the non-raised arc area, the shrinking die 15 will retreat. The repeated "extrusion-retreat-extrusion" action can achieve the outer diameter reduction of the tube blank of the previous process. At the same time, the shrinking die 15 will also rotate with the main shaft to achieve multi-angle rapid shrinkage of the process. After the product is inserted into the rubber sleeve, it is fixed at the rotation axis position. During the processing, the product needs to be continuously pushed inward to ensure that the conical surface is sequentially extruded until it is pushed to the limit block 15. While processing to meet the size, it is better to avoid the appearance of mold marks on the outer surface;

[0073] Method 2: Camshaft sleeve 7 moves independently to reduce diameter:

[0074] See also Fig.16 , State 1: The diameter reduction die 15 is in an open state, which is consistent with the state 1 of the spindle independent motion state;

[0075] See also Fig.17 State 2: The camshaft sleeve 7 rotates, and the main shaft 6 is in a locked static state. When the camshaft sleeve 7 rotates at an angle of 7.5°, the push plate 21 starts to rotate along the inner surface track of the camshaft sleeve 7, and the bearing 3 211 in the push plate 21 rotates and slides to a position half the height of the raised arc in the camshaft sleeve 7. The striking plate 10 drives the shrinking die 15 to be obviously pushed toward the center of the circle, but the shrinking die 15 does not fit each other. This stage is the initial state of processing;

[0076] See also Fig.18 State three: the camshaft sleeve 7 continues to rotate. When the rotation angle is 15°, the bearing 3 211 in the push plate 21 rotates and slides to the highest point of the raised arc inside the camshaft sleeve 7. The striking plate 10 and the reducing die 15 are pushed to a certain displacement toward the center of the circle again. The reducing die 15 fits each other. This stage is the processing completion state.

[0077] See also Fig.19 State 4: The camshaft sleeve 7 continues to rotate. When the rotation angle is 22.5°, the bearing 3 211 in the push plate 21 rotates and slides to the non-raised area of ​​the camshaft sleeve 7. At this time, the striking plate 10 no longer receives the rear thrust and is pushed back to the initial open position by the spring 12 at the end. The reducing die 15 is connected to the striking plate 10 and is also pushed back. This stage is the fully retracted state;

[0078] The camshaft sleeve 7 rotates continuously, and the main shaft 6 is always in a locked and stationary state. The main shaft 6 can also move independently to drive all the reducing dies 15 to repeatedly perform the "extrusion-retraction-extrusion" action. In addition, the main shaft 6 does not move, the product does not rotate, and the reducing dies 15 only perform repeated extrusion processing at a fixed position. For products with high requirements on the outer surface size, this function can be used to achieve shaping. At the same time, the product is supported by the core rod inside, and the outer size of the processed product will not be limited to a circle, but can also be processed into other shapes such as an ellipse and a rectangle.

[0079] Method 3: The main shaft 6 and the cam sleeve 7 move together to reduce the diameter:

[0080] See also Fig. 20 State 1: When the transmission gear 1 3 and the transmission gear 2 4 rotate in the same direction, the speed of the transmission gear 1 3 is different from that of the transmission gear 2 4. No matter which speed is faster than the other, it is necessary to ensure that the faster speed is four times or more faster than the other. In this way, the processing effect of the independent movement of the spindle 6 can be achieved. However, the difference is that after rotating for a certain period of time, the transmission gear 1 3 will temporarily move. At this time, the reduction die 15 is stationary, and the product can be pushed forward. When it is pushed to the specified depth, the transmission gear 1 3 continues to start the movement. This is repeated, which can well avoid the problem that the independent movement of the spindle makes it difficult to push the product forward due to self-steering.

[0081] See also Fig.21 State 2: When the transmission gear 1 3 and the transmission gear 2 4 rotate in different directions, the movement speed of the bearing 3 211 of the push plate 21 in the cam sleeve 7 can be greatly accelerated, so that the reduction die 15 can complete the "extrusion-retraction-extrusion" action faster. Similarly, the transmission gear 1 3 can also complete the product forward pushing action through intermittent temporary work, making the entire reduction work more efficient.

[0082] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional tube shrinking and shaping machine, characterized in that: It includes a transmission gear 1, a transmission gear 2, a servo motor, and a coaxially arranged main shaft assembly and a camshaft sleeve, wherein the camshaft sleeve is located outside the main shaft assembly, and the main shaft assembly includes a main shaft, a push plate capable of moving radially along the main shaft is provided between the main shaft and the camshaft sleeve, and a striking plate and a reducing mold distributed in a circumference are also provided inside the main shaft, and the reducing mold is connected to the push plate through the striking plate; the main shaft assembly and the camshaft sleeve are respectively fixedly connected with a transmission gear 1 and a transmission gear 2, and the output ends of the two servo motors are respectively connected to the transmission gear 1 and the transmission gear 2, and can drive the transmission gear 1 and / or the transmission gear 2 to rotate with their axes as rotating axes.

2. A multifunctional tube shrinking and shaping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the camshaft sleeve is formed with a knurled groove, and the push plate is rotatably connected to one end of the camshaft sleeve with a bearing three, and a gap is left between the bearing three and the push plate.

3. A multifunctional tube shrinking and shaping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A striking plate fixing shaft is provided between the plurality of striking plates and is elastically connected to the striking plate fixing shaft through a spring. An adjusting shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the main shaft assembly, and one end of the adjusting shaft abuts against the striking plate fixing shaft and the striking plate.

4. A multifunctional tube shrinking and shaping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spindle assembly comprises a spindle, a spindle end cover and a mold clamping block. One end of the spindle is fixedly connected to the spindle end cover, and the other end is fixedly connected to the mold clamping block. The spindle is circumferentially provided with limiting holes adapted to the push plate.

5. A multifunctional tube shrinking and shaping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A local processing area is formed on one end of the reducing die facing the axis of the main shaft assembly, and the local processing area includes a molding cavity area and a contact surface and an air avoidance surface that contact the two sides of the molding cavity area respectively. A lubrication block and a ball bearing are provided on one end of the reducing die that cooperates with the inner wall of the main shaft assembly.

6. A multifunctional tube shrinking and shaping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the reducing die away from the main shaft assembly axis is formed with a trapezoidal key, the end of the striking plate facing the axis is formed with a mounting groove, a protrusion and a dovetail groove adapted to the trapezoidal key, and the striking plate is abutted against the reducing die through the protrusion.

7. A multifunctional tube shrinking and shaping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a main shaft support seat and a machine base arranged along the axial direction of the main shaft assembly. The main shaft assembly is rotatably connected to the main shaft support seat through a bearing, and the camshaft sleeve is rotatably connected to the machine base through a bearing. Silence cotton is also arranged in the machine base and on the camshaft sleeve.

8. A method for reducing and shaping a tube using a multifunctional tube shrinking and shaping machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The output end of the servo motor drives the transmission gear 1 to drive the main shaft assembly to rotate with its axis as the rotating shaft.

9. A method for reducing and shaping a tube using a multifunctional tube shrinking and shaping machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The output end of the servo motor drives the transmission gear 2 to drive the camshaft sleeve to rotate with its axis as the rotating shaft.

10. A method for reducing and shaping a tube using a multifunctional tube shrinking and shaping machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The output ends of the two servo motors respectively drive transmission gear 1 and transmission gear 2 to rotate with their axes as rotating axes. The rotation directions of transmission gear 1 and transmission gear 2 are the same or opposite. When the rotation directions of transmission gear 1 and transmission gear 2 are the same, the rotation speed of transmission gear 1 is greater than the rotation speed of transmission gear 2 or the rotation speed of transmission gear 2 is at least four times greater than the rotation speed of transmission gear 1. When the rotation directions of transmission gear 1 and transmission gear 2 are opposite, transmission gear 1 rotates intermittently.

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