A vacuum chamber wire feeding device for electron beam fused wire additive manufacturing

Abstract

This application discloses a vacuum chamber-based wire feeding device for electron beam fused wire additive manufacturing, belonging to the field of electron beam additive manufacturing. This application addresses the problems of existing wire feeding mechanisms located outside the vacuum chamber, which can easily lead to a drop in vacuum level and interruption of printing during the printing process; and the inability of easily bent and deformable thin and soft metal wires to continuously pass through the vacuum seal, limiting the selection of metal wires and the flexibility of electron beam fused wire additive manufacturing. This application places the wire feeding mechanism entirely inside the vacuum chamber, avoiding air leakage in the vacuum chamber caused by the rotation of the wire feeding gun and wire feeding, thus preventing printing interruptions. The wire feeding gun and the wire feeding device can adjust the wire feeding angle according to the direction of wire movement, avoiding wire puncture during printing. The built-in wire feeding mechanism can be added or removed according to actual usage needs, enabling multi-angle, multi-wire printing and ensuring the stability and continuity of the printing operation. This application is mainly used as a wire feeding device for electron beam fused wire additive manufacturing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electron beam additive manufacturing, and specifically relates to a vacuum chamber wire feeding device for electron beam fused wire additive manufacturing. Background Technology

[0002] The concept of additive manufacturing was proposed in the late 1980s. This method primarily uses high-energy beams to fabricate solid parts by layer-by-layer stacking of materials. Compared to traditional processing methods, additive manufacturing eliminates the need for molds, is not limited by the shape of the parts, has a short development cycle, high precision, and flexible forming capabilities. It has demonstrated significant application advantages and potential in aerospace, weaponry, biomedicine, and remanufacturing, bringing disruptive changes to the industrial sector. The heat sources for additive manufacturing technology mainly include electric arcs, plasma, lasers, and electron beams. Among these, electron beams, due to their high energy density, lack of metal reflection, and suitability for use in high-vacuum environments, are the optimal heat source for additive manufacturing of high-temperature alloys, refractory alloys, and reactive metals. Currently, electron beam filament additive manufacturing using filaments offers high manufacturing efficiency and the ability to form large-size components, possessing greater development potential and gaining popularity in aerospace, weaponry manufacturing, and other fields, gradually becoming a research hotspot.

[0003] Due to sealing issues, the wire feeding mechanism located outside the vacuum chamber is prone to a drop in vacuum level during printing, leading to printing interruptions. Fine and soft metal wires that are easily bent and deformed cannot pass continuously through the vacuum sealing gasket, limiting the flexibility of the metal wires and their application requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems of existing wire feeding mechanisms being located outside the vacuum chamber, which easily leads to a drop in vacuum level and interruption during the printing process; and the inability of easily bent and deformable fine and soft metal wires to pass continuously through the vacuum sealing gasket, thus limiting the selection of metal wires and the flexibility of electron beam fused wire additive manufacturing, this invention provides a vacuum chamber-mounted wire feeding device for electron beam fused wire additive manufacturing.

[0005] A vacuum chamber-mounted wire feeding device for electron beam fused wire additive manufacturing is disclosed. The wire feeding device is located within the vacuum chamber and includes a wire feeding gun rod moving and rotating device, a wire feeding gun rod, a wire feeding mechanism moving device, a wire feeding gun rod moving guide rail, a wire feeding mechanism moving guide rail, a wire spool box, and a wire feeding mechanism. The wire feeding gun rod moving guide rail and the wire feeding mechanism moving guide rail are both located at the top of the vacuum chamber and are fixedly connected to the vacuum chamber. The wire feeding gun rod moving and rotating device is located on the wire feeding gun rod moving guide rail and can reciprocate along the extension direction of the wire feeding gun rod moving guide rail. The wire feeding gun rod is mounted on the wire feeding gun rod moving and rotating device. The wire feeding mechanism moving device is located on the wire feeding mechanism moving guide rail and can reciprocate along the extension direction of the wire feeding mechanism moving guide rail. The wire feeding mechanism is mounted on the wire feeding mechanism moving device. The wire spool box is mounted on the inner wall of the vacuum chamber. A wire winding shaft is inserted into the wire spool box and is rotatably connected to the wire spool box. A metal wire is wound on the wire winding shaft, and one end of the metal wire is connected to the wire feeding gun rod through the wire feeding mechanism.

[0006] Furthermore, an electron beam lower aperture is machined at the center of the top of the vacuum chamber, and an electron gun is installed on the outer top of the vacuum chamber, with the beam-emitting end of the electron gun corresponding to the electron beam lower aperture.

[0007] Furthermore, a working platform is provided on the bottom of the vacuum chamber. The working platform is a six-degree-of-freedom working stage, and a base plate is installed on the top of the working platform. The base plate is used to support the printed workpiece.

[0008] Furthermore, both the wire feeding gun rod moving guide and the wire feeding mechanism moving guide are semi-arc-shaped guides, and the diameter of the arc on which the wire feeding mechanism moving guide is located is larger than the diameter of the arc on which the wire feeding gun rod moving guide is located. The wire feeding mechanism moving guide and the wire feeding gun rod moving guide are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the lower beam aperture of the electron beam, and the wire feeding mechanism moving guide, the wire feeding gun rod moving guide, and the lower beam aperture of the electron beam are concentrically arranged.

[0009] Furthermore, the wire feeding gun rod moving guide rail includes a guide rail body and two end caps. The two end caps are respectively set at both ends of the guide rail body and are detachably connected to the guide rail body. A guide rack is provided on one side inner wall of the guide groove in the guide rail body. The wire feeding mechanism moving guide rail has the same composition structure as the wire feeding gun rod moving guide rail.

[0010] Furthermore, the wire feeding gun rod moving and rotating device includes a rotation drive mechanism, a first moving drive mechanism, a first transmission mechanism, a first moving housing, a first connecting pipe, a first sliding block, a mounting plate, and a first drive gear. The mounting plate is located at the bottom of the first moving housing and is detachably connected to the first moving housing. The first connecting pipe is fixed vertically to the top of the first moving housing, and its bottom end is connected to the top of the first moving housing. The first sliding block is located at the top of the first connecting pipe, and a horizontal hole is machined inside the first sliding block. The first sliding block and the first connecting pipe are integrally formed, and the first connecting pipe and... The horizontal hole inside the first sliding block is connected. The rotation drive mechanism and the first moving drive mechanism are both installed inside the first moving housing. The top of the wire feeding gun rod passes through the mounting plate and extends into the first moving housing. The top of the wire feeding gun rod is connected to the power output end of the rotation drive mechanism. The first transmission mechanism is set in the cavity formed by the first connecting pipe and the horizontal hole. One end of the first transmission mechanism extends into the first moving housing and is connected to the power output end of the first moving drive mechanism. The other end of the first transmission mechanism extends to the outside of the first sliding block and is inserted into the first drive gear. The first drive gear is meshed with the guide rack.

[0011] The upper part of the wire feed gun bar is rotatably connected to the mounting plate via a rotating bearing;

[0012] The rotary drive mechanism includes a rotary motor, a rotary drive gear, and a rotary driven gear. The rotary motor is installed inside the first movable housing. The rotary drive gear is mounted on the power output shaft of the rotary motor. The rotary driven gear is mounted on the top of the wire feeding gun bar, and the rotary drive gear and the rotary driven gear are connected in a transmission connection.

[0013] The first moving drive mechanism includes a first drive motor and a first drive gear. The first drive motor is installed inside the first moving housing, and the first drive gear is mounted on the power output shaft of the first drive motor. The first drive motor is connected to the first transmission mechanism through the first drive gear.

[0014] The first transmission mechanism includes a first gear mounting shaft, a first mounting shaft transmission gear, a first upper transmission gear, a first transmission shaft, and a first lower transmission gear. The first transmission shaft is inserted into a first connecting pipe and is rotatably connected to the first connecting pipe via a bearing. One end of the first transmission shaft extends into a first movable housing and is fitted with a first lower transmission gear. The first transmission shaft is connected to the first drive motor via the engagement of the first lower transmission gear and the first drive gear. The other end of the first transmission shaft is fitted with a first upper transmission gear. The first gear mounting shaft is inserted into a horizontal hole in a first sliding block, and one end of the first gear mounting shaft is rotatably connected to the first sliding block via a bearing. The first mounting shaft transmission gear is fitted onto the first gear mounting shaft and is connected to the first transmission shaft via the engagement of the first mounting shaft transmission gear and the first upper transmission gear. The other end of the first gear mounting shaft extends out of the first sliding block and is inserted into the first drive gear.

[0015] Furthermore, the first sliding block is an arc-shaped block, and the first sliding block is configured to cooperate with the guide rail body. The first driving gear is located on the inner arc surface of the first sliding block. A first side rolling roller is embedded at each end of the outer arc surface of the first sliding block, and each first side rolling roller is rotatably connected to the first sliding block. Two sets of first bottom rolling rollers are embedded at the bottom of the first sliding block along the arc extension direction of the first sliding block, and each first bottom rolling roller is rotatably connected to the first sliding block.

[0016] Furthermore, the wire feeding mechanism moving device includes a second moving drive mechanism, a second transmission mechanism, a second moving housing, a second connecting pipe, a second sliding block, and a second driving gear. The wire feeding mechanism fixing plate is located at the bottom of the second moving housing and is detachably connected to it. The second connecting pipe is vertically fixed to the top of the second moving housing, and its bottom end communicates with the top of the second moving housing. The second sliding block is located at the top of the second connecting pipe, and a horizontal hole is machined within it. It is integrally formed with the No. 2 connecting pipe, and the No. 2 connecting pipe is connected to the horizontal hole in the No. 2 sliding block. The No. 2 moving drive mechanism is installed in the No. 2 moving housing. The No. 2 transmission mechanism is set in the cavity formed by the No. 2 connecting pipe and the horizontal hole. One end of the No. 2 transmission mechanism extends into the No. 2 moving housing and is connected to the power output end of the No. 2 moving drive mechanism. The other end of the No. 2 transmission mechanism extends to the outside of the No. 2 sliding block and is inserted into the No. 2 drive gear. The No. 2 drive gear is engaged with the rack in the moving guide rail of the wire feeding mechanism.

[0017] The second mobile drive mechanism includes a second drive motor and a second drive gear. The second drive motor is installed inside the second mobile housing, and the second drive gear is mounted on the power output shaft of the second drive motor. The second drive motor is connected to the second transmission mechanism through the second drive gear.

[0018] The second transmission mechanism includes a second gear mounting shaft, a second mounting shaft transmission gear, a second upper transmission gear, a second transmission shaft, and a second lower transmission gear. The second transmission shaft is inserted into the second connecting pipe and is rotatably connected to the second connecting pipe via a bearing. One end of the second transmission shaft extends into the second movable housing and is fitted with the second lower transmission gear. The second transmission shaft is connected to the second drive motor via the engagement of the second lower transmission gear and the second drive gear. The other end of the second transmission shaft is fitted with the second upper transmission gear. The second gear mounting shaft is inserted into a horizontal hole in the second sliding block, and one end of the second gear mounting shaft is rotatably connected to the second sliding block via a bearing. The second gear mounting shaft transmission gear is fitted onto the second gear and is connected to the second transmission shaft via the engagement of the second mounting shaft transmission gear and the second upper transmission gear. The other end of the second gear mounting shaft extends out of the second sliding block and is inserted into the second drive gear.

[0019] The second sliding block is an arc-shaped block, and the second sliding block is configured to cooperate with the main body of the guide rail of the wire feeding mechanism. The second drive gear is located on the inner arc surface of the second sliding block. A second side rolling roller is embedded at each end of the outer arc surface of the second sliding block, and each second side rolling roller is rotatably connected to the second sliding block. Two sets of second bottom rolling rollers are embedded at the bottom of the second sliding block along the arc extension direction of the second sliding block, and each second bottom rolling roller is rotatably connected to the second sliding block.

[0020] Furthermore, the wire feeding mechanism includes a servo motor and two wire feeding wheels. The servo motor is installed on one side of the wire feeding mechanism fixing plate. The two wire feeding wheels are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the wire feeding mechanism fixing plate along the center line of the width direction of the wire feeding mechanism fixing plate, and each wire feeding wheel is rotatably connected to the wire feeding mechanism fixing plate. The metal wire is located between the two wire feeding wheels. The power output end of the servo motor drives the two wire feeding wheels to rotate in opposite directions through the transmission mechanism to realize the wire feeding action.

[0021] Furthermore, the wire feeding mechanism also includes two wire guide tubes. One wire guide tube is located between the wire spool box and the two wire feeding wheels, with one end of the wire guide tube connected to the wire outlet end of the wire spool box and the other end of the wire guide tube fixedly connected to the bottom of the wire feeding mechanism fixing plate. The other wire guide tube is located between the two wire feeding wheels and the wire feeding gun rod, with one end of the wire guide tube fixedly connected to the bottom of the wire feeding mechanism fixing plate and the other end of the wire guide tube connected to the wire inlet end of the wire feeding gun rod.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this application compared to the prior art are:

[0023] This application provides a vacuum chamber-mounted wire feeding device for electron beam filament additive manufacturing. The wire feeding mechanism is completely placed inside the vacuum chamber, avoiding air leakage in the vacuum chamber caused by the rotation of the wire feeding gun and the wire feeding action, which would interrupt the printing process. The wire feeding gun and the wire feeding device can adjust the wire feeding angle according to the direction of movement to avoid wire puncture during printing. The built-in wire feeding device can realize the continuous feeding of fine wires and easily bendable soft metal wires, ensuring the stability and continuity of the printing work.

[0024] This application provides a vacuum chamber wire feeding device for electron beam fused wire additive manufacturing. It has good versatility and can adjust the wire feeding mechanism, the wire feeding mechanism moving device, the wire spool box, the wire feeding gun bar moving and rotating device, and the number of wire feeding gun bars according to the actual working conditions, so as to adapt to the needs of different working conditions such as single wire and multi-wire. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vacuum chamber wire feeding device described in this application;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a bottom view of the vacuum chamber wire feeding device described in this application;

[0027] Figure 3 This is an external schematic diagram of the wire feeding gun rod movement and rotation device in the vacuum chamber wire feeding device described in this application;

[0028] Figure 4 This is an internal schematic diagram of the wire feeding gun rod movement and rotation device in the vacuum chamber wire feeding device described in this application;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a top view of the wire feeding gun rod movement and rotation device in the vacuum chamber wire feeding device described in this application;

[0030] Figure 6 This is an external schematic diagram of the moving device of the wire feeding mechanism in the vacuum chamber wire feeding device described in this application;

[0031] Figure 7 This is an internal schematic diagram of the moving device of the wire feeding mechanism in the vacuum chamber wire feeding device described in this application;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wire feeding gun rod moving guide rail in the vacuum chamber wire feeding device described in this application;

[0033] The diagram shows: 1. Electron gun; 2. Wire feed gun rod moving and rotating device; 201. Moving housing; 202. Connecting pipe; 203. Sliding block; 204. Mounting plate; 205. Drive gear; 206. Bottom rolling roller; 207. Side rolling roller; 208. Gear mounting shaft; 209. Mounting shaft transmission gear; 210. Upper transmission gear; 211. Transmission shaft; 212. Lower transmission gear; 213. Drive motor; 214. Driving gear; 215. Rotating motor; 216. Rotating driving gear; 217. Rotating driven gear; 218. Rotating bearing; 3. Wire feed gun rod; 4. Wire feed mechanism moving device. 401 No. 2 moving housing, 402 No. 2 connecting pipe, 403 No. 2 sliding block, 405 No. 2 drive gear, 406 No. 2 bottom rolling roller, 407 No. 2 side rolling roller, 408 No. 2 gear mounting shaft, 409 No. 2 mounting shaft transmission gear, 410 No. 2 upper transmission gear, 411 No. 2 transmission shaft, 412 No. 2 lower transmission gear, 413 No. 2 drive motor, 414 No. 2 drive gear, 5 wire feeding mechanism fixing plate, 6 wire guide tube, 7 wire feeding gun rod moving guide rail, 8 wire feeding mechanism moving guide rail, 9 base plate, 10 working platform, 11 vacuum chamber, 12 wire spool box, 13 wire feeding wheel, 14 electron beam lower beam aperture, and 15 servo motor. Detailed Implementation

[0034] Specific implementation method one: Combining Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment describes a vacuum chamber-mounted wire feeding device for electron beam fused wire additive manufacturing. The device is housed within a vacuum chamber 11 and includes a wire feeding gun rod moving and rotating device 2, a wire feeding gun rod 3, a wire feeding mechanism moving device 4, a wire feeding gun rod moving guide rail 7, a wire feeding mechanism moving guide rail 8, a wire spool box 12, and a wire feeding mechanism. The wire feeding gun rod moving guide rail 7 and the wire feeding mechanism moving guide rail 8 are both located at the top inner surface of the vacuum chamber 11 and are fixedly connected to the chamber. The wire feeding gun rod moving and rotating device 2 is mounted on the wire feeding gun rod moving guide rail. The wire feeding gun rod 3 is mounted on the wire feeding gun rod moving and rotating device 2. The wire feeding mechanism moving device 4 is set on the wire feeding mechanism moving guide rail 8 and can reciprocate along the extension direction of the wire feeding mechanism moving guide rail 8. The wire feeding mechanism is mounted on the wire feeding mechanism moving device 4. The wire spool box 12 is mounted on the inner wall of the vacuum chamber 11. A wire winding shaft is inserted into the wire spool box 12 and is rotatably connected to the wire spool box 12. A metal wire is wound on the wire winding shaft, and one end of the metal wire is connected to the wire feeding gun rod 3 through the wire feeding mechanism.

[0035] This embodiment provides a vacuum chamber-mounted wire feeding device for electron beam filament additive manufacturing. The wire feeding mechanism is completely placed inside the vacuum chamber, avoiding air leakage in the vacuum chamber caused by the rotation of the wire feeding gun and wire feeding, which would interrupt the printing process. The wire feeding gun and the wire feeding device can adjust the wire feeding angle according to the direction of wire movement to avoid wire puncture during printing. The built-in wire feeding device can realize the continuous feeding of fine wires and easily bendable soft metals, ensuring the stability and continuity of the printing work.

[0036] Specific Implementation Method Two: Combining Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment differs from specific embodiment one in that an electron beam down-beam aperture 14 is machined at the center of the top of the vacuum chamber 11, and an electron gun 1 is mounted on the outer top of the vacuum chamber 11, with the beam-emitting end of the electron gun 1 corresponding to the electron beam down-beam aperture 14. Other components and connections are the same as in specific embodiment one.

[0037] Specific implementation method three: Combining Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment differs from Specific Embodiment Two in that a working platform 10 is provided on the bottom inner surface of the vacuum chamber 11. The working platform 10 is a six-degree-of-freedom worktable, and a base plate 9 is mounted on the top of the working platform 10. The base plate 9 is used to support the printed workpiece. Other components and connection methods are the same as in Specific Embodiment Two.

[0038] In this embodiment, the center of the substrate 9 and the center of the working platform 10 are located on the same vertical line. The working platform 10 drives the substrate 9 to move in coordination with the wire feed gun 3 to complete the working trajectory of the printing work. The electron gun 1 melts the metal wire fed in the wire feed gun 3 to form additive material. After cooling, the additive material is coated layer by layer on the substrate 9 to form the main body of the workpiece.

[0039] Specific implementation method four: Combining Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment differs from Specific Embodiment Three in that both the wire feeding gun rod moving guide rail 7 and the wire feeding mechanism moving guide rail 8 are semi-arc-shaped guide rails, and the diameter of the arc of the wire feeding mechanism moving guide rail 8 is larger than the diameter of the arc of the wire feeding gun rod moving guide rail 7. The wire feeding mechanism moving guide rail 8 and the wire feeding gun rod moving guide rail 7 are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the electron beam lower beam aperture 14, and the three are concentrically arranged. Other components and connection methods are the same as in Specific Embodiment Three.

[0040] Specific implementation method five: Combining Figures 1 to 8This embodiment differs from specific embodiment four in that the wire feeding gun rod moving guide rail 7 includes a guide rail body 701 and two end caps 702. The two end caps 702 are respectively disposed at both ends of the guide rail body 701 and detachably connected to the guide rail body 701. A guide rack 703 is provided on one inner wall of the guide groove in the guide rail body 701. The wire feeding mechanism moving guide rail 8 has the same composition and structure as the wire feeding gun rod moving guide rail 7. Other components and connection methods are the same as in specific embodiment four.

[0041] In conjunction with the descriptions of specific embodiments four and five, the end cap 702 is used to seal and limit the end of the guide rail body 701 to prevent the slider from sliding out of the guide rail body 701 due to misoperation.

[0042] Specific implementation method six: Combining Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment differs from specific embodiment five in that the wire feeding gun rod moving and rotating device 2 includes a rotation drive mechanism, a first moving drive mechanism, a first transmission mechanism, a first moving housing 201, a first connecting pipe 202, a first sliding block 203, a mounting plate 204, and a first drive gear 205. The mounting plate 204 is located at the bottom of the first moving housing 201 and is detachably connected to the first moving housing 201. The first connecting pipe 202 is fixed vertically to the top of the first moving housing 201, and its bottom end is connected to the top of the first moving housing 201. The first sliding block 203 is located at the top of the first connecting pipe 202, and a horizontal hole is machined inside the first sliding block 203. The first sliding block 203 connects to the first connecting pipe 202. The first connecting pipe 202 is integrally formed and is connected to the horizontal hole in the first sliding block 203. The rotation drive mechanism and the first moving drive mechanism are both installed in the first moving housing 201. The top end of the wire feeding gun rod 3 passes through the mounting plate 204 and extends into the first moving housing 201. The top end of the wire feeding gun rod 3 is connected to the power output end of the rotation drive mechanism. The first transmission mechanism is set in the cavity formed by the first connecting pipe 202 and the horizontal hole. One end of the first transmission mechanism extends into the first moving housing 201 and is connected to the power output end of the first moving drive mechanism. The other end of the first transmission mechanism extends to the outside of the first sliding block 203 and is inserted into the first drive gear 205. The first drive gear 205 is meshed with the guide rack 703.

[0043] The upper part of the wire feed gun rod 3 is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 204 via a rotating bearing 218;

[0044] The rotation drive mechanism includes a rotation motor 215, a rotation drive gear 216, and a rotation driven gear 217. The rotation motor 215 is installed inside the first movable housing 201. The rotation drive gear 216 is mounted on the power output shaft of the rotation motor 215. The rotation driven gear 217 is mounted on the top of the wire feed gun bar 3, and the rotation drive gear 216 and the rotation driven gear 217 are connected in a transmission manner.

[0045] The first moving drive mechanism includes a first drive motor 213 and a first drive gear 214. The first drive motor 213 is installed inside the first moving housing 201, and the first drive gear 214 is mounted on the power output shaft of the first drive motor 213. The first drive motor 213 is connected to the first transmission mechanism through the first drive gear 214.

[0046] The first transmission mechanism includes a first gear mounting shaft 208, a first mounting shaft transmission gear 209, a first upper transmission gear 210, a first transmission shaft 211, and a first lower transmission gear 212. The first transmission shaft 211 is inserted into the first connecting pipe 202 and rotatably connected to the first connecting pipe 202 via bearings. One end of the first transmission shaft 211 extends into the first movable housing 201 and is fitted with the first lower transmission gear 212. The first transmission shaft 211 is connected to the first drive motor 213 through the cooperation of the first lower transmission gear 212 and the first drive gear 214. A first upper transmission gear 210 is fitted onto the other end of the moving shaft 211. A first gear mounting shaft 208 is inserted into a horizontal hole in a first sliding block 203, and one end of the first gear mounting shaft 208 is rotatably connected to the first sliding block 203 via a bearing. A first mounting shaft transmission gear 209 is fitted onto the first gear mounting shaft 208, and the first mounting shaft transmission gear 209 and the first upper transmission gear 210 cooperate to achieve a transmission connection with the first transmission shaft 211. The other end of the first gear mounting shaft 208 extends outside the first sliding block 203 and is inserted into a first drive gear 205. Other components and connection methods are the same as in specific embodiment five.

[0047] Specific implementation method seven: Combining Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment differs from Specific Embodiment Six in that the first sliding block 203 is an arc-shaped block, and the first sliding block 203 is configured to cooperate with the guide rail body 701. The first driving gear 205 is located on the inner arc surface of the first sliding block 203. A first side rolling roller 207 is embedded at each end of the outer arc surface of the first sliding block 203, and each first side rolling roller 207 is rotatably connected to the first sliding block 203. Two sets of first bottom rolling rollers 206 are embedded at the bottom of the first sliding block 203 along its arc extension direction, and each first bottom rolling roller 206 is rotatably connected to the first sliding block 203. Other components and connection methods are the same as in Specific Embodiment Six.

[0048] Referring to Specific Embodiments Six and Seven, in this embodiment, the transmission gears used in the No. 1 moving drive mechanism and the No. 1 transmission mechanism are bevel gears. Torque transmission is achieved through the meshing of the bevel gears. The No. 1 moving drive mechanism serves as a power source to drive the wire feeding gun rod moving and rotating device 2 to slide along the extension direction of the guide rail body 701. The rotating drive mechanism serves as a power source to drive the rotation of the wire feeding gun rod 3. The movement of the wire feeding gun rod moving and rotating device 2 is achieved through the meshing and rolling of the No. 1 driving gear 205 on the guide rack 703 in the guide rail body 701. To ensure smooth movement, the No. 1 driving gear 205 is a bevel gear. The No. 1 sliding block 203 adopts an arc-shaped design to better cooperate with the semi-arc guide rail, ensuring smooth movement. The No. 1 bottom rolling roller 206 is used to... The bottom is supported to reduce the contact friction between the first sliding block 203 and the guide rail body 701, ensuring the smooth movement of the first sliding block 203 in the guide rail body 701. The first side rolling roller 207 is used to replace the outer side of the first sliding block 203 in contact with the guide rail body 701, changing the rigid friction of the traditional slider to rolling friction. While providing good guidance for the movement of the first sliding block 203, it can also reduce the contact friction between the first sliding block 203 and the guide rail body 701, further improving the smoothness of movement between the first sliding block 203 and the guide rail body 701. In order to ensure the support stability of the first gear mounting shaft 208, in addition to mounting a bearing at one end for rotational connection with the first sliding block 203, a bearing is also arranged between the first mounting shaft transmission gear 209 and the first drive gear 205 for auxiliary support, thereby ensuring the stability of the first gear mounting shaft 208.

[0049] Specific implementation method eight: Combining Figures 1 to 8This embodiment differs from specific embodiment seven in that the wire feeding mechanism moving device 4 includes a second moving drive mechanism, a second transmission mechanism, a second moving housing 401, a second connecting pipe 402, a second sliding block 403, and a second driving gear 405. The wire feeding mechanism fixing plate 5 is disposed at the bottom of the second moving housing 401 and is detachably connected to the second moving housing 401. The second connecting pipe 402 is fixed vertically to the top of the second moving housing 401, and the bottom end of the second connecting pipe 402 is connected to the top of the second moving housing 401. The second sliding block 403 is disposed at the top end of the second connecting pipe 402. A horizontal hole is machined inside block 403. The second sliding block 403 and the second connecting pipe 402 are integrally formed and connected to the horizontal hole inside the second sliding block 403. The second moving drive mechanism is installed inside the second moving housing 401. The second transmission mechanism is set in the cavity formed by the second connecting pipe 402 and the horizontal hole. One end of the second transmission mechanism extends into the second moving housing 401 and is connected to the power output end of the second moving drive mechanism. The other end of the second transmission mechanism extends to the outside of the second sliding block 403 and is inserted into the second drive gear 405. The second drive gear 405 is engaged with the rack in the moving guide rail 8 of the wire feeding mechanism.

[0050] The second moving drive mechanism includes a second drive motor 413 and a second drive gear 414. The second drive motor 413 is installed inside the second moving housing 401. The second drive gear 414 is mounted on the power output shaft of the second drive motor 413. The second drive motor 413 is connected to the second transmission mechanism through the second drive gear 414.

[0051] The second transmission mechanism includes a second gear mounting shaft 408, a second mounting shaft transmission gear 409, a second upper transmission gear 410, a second transmission shaft 411, and a second lower transmission gear 412. The second transmission shaft 411 is inserted into the second connecting pipe 402 and rotatably connected to it via a bearing. One end of the second transmission shaft 411 extends into the second movable housing 401 and is fitted with the second lower transmission gear 412. The second transmission shaft 411 is connected to the second drive motor 413 via the engagement of the second lower transmission gear 412 and the second drive gear 414. The other end of the drive shaft 411 is fitted with a second upper transmission gear 410. The second gear mounting shaft 408 is inserted into the horizontal hole in the second sliding block 403. One end of the second gear mounting shaft 408 is rotatably connected to the second sliding block 403 through a bearing. The second mounting shaft transmission gear 409 is fitted on the second gear mounting shaft 408. The second mounting shaft transmission gear 409 and the second upper transmission gear 410 are engaged to achieve a transmission connection with the second transmission shaft 411. The other end of the second gear mounting shaft 408 extends to the outside of the second sliding block 403 and is inserted into the second drive gear 405.

[0052] The second sliding block 403 is an arc-shaped block, and it is configured to cooperate with the guide rail body of the moving guide rail 8 of the wire feeding mechanism. The second driving gear 405 is located on the inner arc surface of the second sliding block 403. A second side rolling roller 407 is respectively embedded at both ends of the outer arc surface of the second sliding block 403, and each second side rolling roller 407 is rotatably connected to the second sliding block 403. Two sets of second bottom rolling rollers 406 are embedded at the bottom of the second sliding block 403 along the arc extension direction of the second sliding block 403, and each second bottom rolling roller 406 is rotatably connected to the second sliding block 403. Other components and connection methods are the same as in specific embodiment seven.

[0053] In this embodiment, the working mode of the wire feeding mechanism moving device 4 is the same as that of the wire feeding gun rod moving and rotating device 2. In terms of composition, the wire feeding mechanism moving device 4 lacks the rotation drive mechanism compared to the wire feeding gun rod moving and rotating device 2.

[0054] Specific implementation method nine: Combining Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment differs from specific embodiment eight in that the wire feeding mechanism includes a servo motor 15 and two wire feeding wheels 13. The servo motor 15 is mounted on one side of the wire feeding mechanism fixing plate 5. The two wire feeding wheels 13 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the wire feeding mechanism fixing plate 5 along the center line of the width direction of the fixing plate 5, and each wire feeding wheel 13 is rotatably connected to the wire feeding mechanism fixing plate 5. The metal wire is located between the two wire feeding wheels 13. The power output end of the servo motor 15 drives the two wire feeding wheels 13 to rotate in opposite directions through a transmission mechanism to achieve the wire feeding action. Other components and connection methods are the same as in specific embodiment eight.

[0055] In this embodiment, the two wire feeding wheels 13 rotate in opposite directions to provide conveying force for the metal wire, enabling the metal wire to smoothly complete the wire feeding operation. One of the two wire feeding wheels 13 is the active wire feeding wheel, and the other is the passive wire feeding wheel. When arranged, the outer circular surfaces of the two wire feeding wheels 13 are fitted together. Wire feeding grooves are machined on the outer circular surfaces of the wire feeding wheels 13. After the two wire feeding wheels 13 are fitted together, a wire feeding channel is formed, which facilitates the conveying of the metal wire. The servo motor 15 serves as a power source to drive the active wire feeding wheel to rotate. When the active wire feeding wheel rotates, it drives the passive wire feeding wheel to rotate synchronously under the action of friction to realize the conveying of the metal wire. In actual operation, the wire feeding mechanism fixing plate 5 is provided with elastic floating blocks at the corresponding positions of the passive wire feeding wheel, which facilitates the adjustment of the working distance between the passive wire feeding wheel and the active wire feeding wheel. The advantage of this design is that, on the one hand, it can adapt to metal wires of different thicknesses, which is conducive to improving the versatility of the wire feeding mechanism, and on the other hand, it is also more convenient to install the metal wire.

[0056] Specific Implementation Method Ten: Combining Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment differs from specific embodiment nine in that the wire feeding mechanism further includes two wire guide tubes 6. One wire guide tube 6 is disposed between the wire spool box 12 and the two wire feeding wheels 13, with one end connected to the wire outlet end of the wire spool box 12 and the other end fixedly connected to the bottom of the wire feeding mechanism fixing plate 5. The other wire guide tube 6 is disposed between the two wire feeding wheels 13 and the wire feeding gun rod 3, with one end fixedly connected to the bottom of the wire feeding mechanism fixing plate 5 and the other end connected to the wire inlet end of the wire feeding gun rod 3. Other components and connections are the same as in specific embodiment nine.

[0057] In this embodiment, the guide tube 6 is a flexible corrugated tube structure. The guide tube 6 is used to protect the metal wire from getting tangled on the support structure inside the vacuum chamber during movement, thus playing a good guiding role, which helps to protect the metal wire and improve the stability of the metal wire conveying process.

[0058] The present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed structure and technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0059] Working principle

[0060] The specific operation for using this application is as follows:

[0061] Step 1: Preparation before electron beam filament additive manufacturing: Fix the substrate 9 onto the work platform 10, assemble the wire feeding gun bar 3 and the wire feeding gun bar moving and rotating device 2 onto the wire feeding gun bar moving guide rail 7, and assemble the wire feeding mechanism and the wire feeding mechanism moving device 4 onto the wire feeding mechanism moving guide rail 8. Put the metal wire spool into the wire spool box 12, pass the metal wire through the wire feeding mechanism and the wire guide tube 6 and connect it to the wire inlet end of the wire feeding gun bar 3.

[0062] Step 2: Adjust the working angle of the wire feeding gun rod 3 by moving and rotating the wire feeding gun rod 2, and adjust the working angle of the wire feeding mechanism by moving the wire feeding mechanism 4. After ensuring that the movement and wire feeding smoothness of the wire feeding gun rod 3 and the wire feeding mechanism meet the working requirements, vacuum chamber 11 is evacuated to establish a vacuum working environment.

[0063] Step 3: After the vacuum working environment is established, electron beam fused wire additive manufacturing is carried out. During the electron beam fused wire additive manufacturing process, the electron gun 1 is fixed and the electron beam excited by the electron gun 1 reaches the substrate 9 through the lower electron beam aperture 14. The substrate 9 moves with the working platform 10 according to the preset program path. The electron beam is scanned. Under the control of the servo motor 15, the two wire feeding wheels 13 rotate in opposite directions to transport the metal wire and transport the metal wire into the molten pool formed by the electron beam through the wire feeding gun rod 3 to achieve the purpose of wire injection.

[0064] Step 4: Repeat Step 3 until the sample printing is complete.

[0065] The wire feeding system and moving parts, including the wire feeding gun bar 3, the wire feeding gun bar moving and rotating device 2, the wire feeding wheel 13, the wire feeding mechanism fixing plate 5, the servo motor 15, the wire feeding mechanism moving device 4, and the wire guide tube 6 in step one, can be added or removed according to the actual printing needs.

[0066] During the movement process in step two, the wire feeding gun rod moving and rotating device 2 and the wire feeding mechanism moving device 4 move synchronously to ensure continuous feeding of metal wire.

Claims

1. A vacuum chamber wire feeding device for electron beam fused wire additive manufacturing, characterized in that: The wire feeding device is installed inside the vacuum chamber (11). The wire feeding device includes a wire feeding gun rod moving and rotating device (2), a wire feeding gun rod (3), a wire feeding mechanism moving device (4), a wire feeding gun rod moving guide rail (7), a wire feeding mechanism moving guide rail (8), a wire spool box (12), and a wire feeding mechanism. The wire feeding gun rod moving guide rail (7) and the wire feeding mechanism moving guide rail (8) are both installed at the top of the vacuum chamber (11) and are fixedly connected to the vacuum chamber (11). The wire feeding gun rod moving and rotating device (2) is installed on the wire feeding gun rod moving guide rail (7) and can move along the extension direction of the wire feeding gun rod moving guide rail (7). The wire feeding gun rod (3) is installed on the wire feeding gun rod moving and rotating device (2). The wire feeding mechanism moving device (4) is set on the wire feeding mechanism moving guide rail (8) and can reciprocate along the extension direction of the wire feeding mechanism moving guide rail (8). The wire feeding mechanism is installed on the wire feeding mechanism moving device (4). The wire spool box (12) is installed on the inner wall of the vacuum chamber (11). The wire spool box (12) is inserted with a wire winding shaft, and the wire winding shaft is rotatably connected to the wire spool box (12). The wire winding shaft is wound with metal wire, and one end of the metal wire is connected to the wire feeding gun rod (3) through the wire feeding mechanism. Both the wire feeding gun rod moving guide rail (7) and the wire feeding mechanism moving guide rail (8) are semi-arc-shaped guide rails, and the diameter of the arc where the wire feeding mechanism moving guide rail (8) is located is larger than the diameter of the arc where the wire feeding gun rod moving guide rail (7) is located. The wire feeding mechanism moving guide rail (8) and the wire feeding gun rod moving guide rail (7) are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the lower beam aperture (14) of the electron beam, and the three wire feeding mechanism moving guide rail (8), the wire feeding gun rod moving guide rail (7) and the lower beam aperture (14) of the electron beam are concentrically arranged. The wire feeding gun rod moving guide rail (7) includes a guide rail body (701) and two end caps (702). The two end caps (702) are respectively set at both ends of the guide rail body (701) and are detachably connected to the guide rail body (701). A guide rack (703) is provided on one side of the inner wall of the guide groove in the guide rail body (701). The wire feeding mechanism moving guide rail (8) has the same composition structure as the wire feeding gun rod moving guide rail (7). The wire feed gun rod moving and rotating device (2) includes a rotation drive mechanism, a first moving drive mechanism, a first transmission mechanism, a first moving housing (201), a first connecting pipe (202), a first sliding block (203), a mounting plate (204), and a first drive gear (205). The mounting plate (204) is located at the bottom of the first moving housing (201) and is detachably connected to the first moving housing (201). The first connecting pipe (202) is fixed vertically at the top of the first moving housing (201), and the bottom end of the first connecting pipe (202) is connected to the top of the first moving housing (201). The first sliding block (203) is located at the top of the first connecting pipe (202), and a horizontal hole is machined inside the first sliding block (203). The first sliding block (203) and the first connecting pipe (202) are connected in a straight line. The body is formed and the first connecting pipe (202) is connected to the horizontal hole in the first sliding block (203). The rotation drive mechanism and the first moving drive mechanism are both installed in the first moving housing (201). The top end of the wire feeding gun rod (3) passes through the mounting plate (204) and extends into the first moving housing (201). The top end of the wire feeding gun rod (3) is connected to the power output end of the rotation drive mechanism. The first transmission mechanism is set in the cavity formed by the first connecting pipe (202) and the horizontal hole. One end of the first transmission mechanism extends into the first moving housing (201) and is connected to the power output end of the first moving drive mechanism. The other end of the first transmission mechanism extends to the outside of the first sliding block (203) and is inserted into the first drive gear (205). The first drive gear (205) is meshed with the guide rack (703). The upper part of the wire feed gun rod (3) is rotatably connected to the mounting plate (204) via a rotating bearing (218); The rotation drive mechanism includes a rotation motor (215), a rotation drive gear (216), and a rotation driven gear (217). The rotation motor (215) is installed inside the first movable housing (201). The rotation drive gear (216) is mounted on the power output shaft of the rotation motor (215). The rotation driven gear (217) is mounted on the top of the wire feed gun rod (3). The rotation drive gear (216) and the rotation driven gear (217) are connected in a transmission manner. The first moving drive mechanism includes a first drive motor (213) and a first drive gear (214). The first drive motor (213) is installed inside the first moving housing (201), and the first drive gear (214) is mounted on the power output shaft of the first drive motor (213). The first drive motor (213) is connected to the first transmission mechanism through the first drive gear (214). The first transmission mechanism includes a first gear mounting shaft (208), a first mounting shaft transmission gear (209), a first upper transmission gear (210), a first transmission shaft (211), and a first lower transmission gear (212). The first transmission shaft (211) is inserted into the first connecting pipe (202) and rotatably connected to the first connecting pipe (202) via a bearing. One end of the first transmission shaft (211) extends into the first movable housing (201) and is fitted with the first lower transmission gear (212). The first transmission shaft (211) is connected to the first drive motor (213) through the cooperation of the first lower transmission gear (212) and the first drive gear (214). A first upper transmission gear (210) is fitted on the other end of the transmission shaft (211). A first gear mounting shaft (208) is inserted into the horizontal hole in the first sliding block (203). One end of the first gear mounting shaft (208) is rotatably connected to the first sliding block (203) through a bearing. A first mounting shaft transmission gear (209) is fitted on the first gear mounting shaft (208) and is connected to the first transmission shaft (211) through the cooperation of the first mounting shaft transmission gear (209) and the first upper transmission gear (210). The other end of the first gear mounting shaft (208) extends to the outside of the first sliding block (203) and is inserted into the first drive gear (205).

2. The vacuum chamber wire feeding device for electron beam fused wire additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electron beam lower aperture (14) is machined at the center of the top of the vacuum chamber (11), and an electron gun (1) is installed on the top of the outer side of the vacuum chamber (11), with the beam end of the electron gun (1) corresponding to the electron beam lower aperture (14).

3. The vacuum chamber wire feeding device for electron beam fused wire additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A working platform (10) is provided on the bottom of the vacuum chamber (11). The working platform (10) is a six-degree-of-freedom worktable. A base plate (9) is installed on the top of the working platform (10). The base plate (9) is used to support the printed workpiece.

4. A vacuum chamber wire feeding device for electron beam fused wire additive manufacturing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first sliding block (203) is an arc-shaped block, and the first sliding block (203) is configured to cooperate with the guide rail body (701). The first drive gear (205) is located on the inner arc surface of the first sliding block (203). A first side rolling roller (207) is respectively embedded at both ends of the outer arc surface of the first sliding block (203), and each first side rolling roller (207) is rotatably connected to the first sliding block (203). Two sets of first bottom rolling rollers (206) are embedded at the bottom of the first sliding block (203) along the arc extension direction of the first sliding block (203), and each first bottom rolling roller (206) is rotatably connected to the first sliding block (203).

5. A vacuum chamber wire feeding device for electron beam fused wire additive manufacturing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The wire feeding mechanism moving device (4) includes a second moving drive mechanism, a second transmission mechanism, a second moving housing (401), a second connecting pipe (402), a second sliding block (403), and a second driving gear (405). The wire feeding mechanism fixing plate (5) is located at the bottom of the second moving housing (401), and the wire feeding mechanism fixing plate (5) is detachably connected to the second moving housing (401). The second connecting pipe (402) is fixed vertically at the top of the second moving housing (401), and the bottom end of the second connecting pipe (402) is connected to the top of the second moving housing (401). The second sliding block (403) is located at the top of the second connecting pipe (402), and water is processed inside the second sliding block (403). The second sliding block (403) and the second connecting pipe (402) are integrally formed and connected to the horizontal hole in the second sliding block (403). The second moving drive mechanism is installed in the second moving housing (401). The second transmission mechanism is set in the cavity formed by the second connecting pipe (402) and the horizontal hole. One end of the second transmission mechanism extends into the second moving housing (401) and is connected to the power output end of the second moving drive mechanism. The other end of the second transmission mechanism extends to the outside of the second sliding block (403) and is inserted into the second drive gear (405). The second drive gear (405) meshes with the rack in the wire feeding mechanism moving guide rail (8). The second moving drive mechanism includes a second drive motor (413) and a second drive gear (414). The second drive motor (413) is installed inside the second moving housing (401). The second drive gear (414) is mounted on the power output shaft of the second drive motor (413). The second drive motor (413) is connected to the second transmission mechanism through the second drive gear (414). The second transmission mechanism includes a second gear mounting shaft (408), a second mounting shaft transmission gear (409), a second upper transmission gear (410), a second transmission shaft (411), and a second lower transmission gear (412). The second transmission shaft (411) is inserted into the second connecting pipe (402) and rotatably connected to the second connecting pipe (402) via a bearing. One end of the second transmission shaft (411) extends into the second movable housing (401) and is fitted with the second lower transmission gear (412). The second transmission shaft (411) is connected to the second drive motor (413) through the cooperation of the second lower transmission gear (412) and the second drive gear (414). The other end of the drive shaft (411) is fitted with a second upper drive gear (410). The second gear mounting shaft (408) is inserted into the horizontal hole in the second sliding block (403). One end of the second gear mounting shaft (408) is rotatably connected to the second sliding block (403) through a bearing. The second mounting shaft drive gear (409) is fitted on the second gear mounting shaft (408) and is connected to the second drive shaft (411) through the cooperation of the second mounting shaft drive gear (409) and the second upper drive gear (410). The other end of the second gear mounting shaft (408) extends to the outside of the second sliding block (403) and is inserted into the second drive gear (405). The second sliding block (403) is an arc-shaped block, and the second sliding block (403) is configured to cooperate with the main body of the guide rail (8) of the wire feeding mechanism. The second drive gear (405) is located on the inner arc surface of the second sliding block (403). A second side rolling roller (407) is respectively embedded at both ends of the outer arc surface of the second sliding block (403), and each second side rolling roller (407) is rotatably connected to the second sliding block (403). Two sets of second bottom rolling rollers (406) are embedded at the bottom of the second sliding block (403) along the arc extension direction of the second sliding block (403), and each second bottom rolling roller (406) is rotatably connected to the second sliding block (403).

6. A vacuum chamber wire feeding device for electron beam fused wire additive manufacturing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wire feeding mechanism includes a servo motor (15) and two wire feeding wheels (13). The servo motor (15) is installed on one side of the wire feeding mechanism fixing plate (5). The two wire feeding wheels (13) are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the wire feeding mechanism fixing plate (5) along the center line of the width direction of the wire feeding mechanism fixing plate (5). Each wire feeding wheel (13) is rotatably connected to the wire feeding mechanism fixing plate (5). The metal wire is located between the two wire feeding wheels (13). The power output end of the servo motor (15) drives the two wire feeding wheels (13) to rotate in opposite directions through the transmission mechanism to realize the wire feeding action.

7. A vacuum chamber wire feeding device for electron beam fused wire additive manufacturing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The wire feeding mechanism also includes two wire guide tubes (6). One wire guide tube (6) is located between the wire spool box (12) and the two wire feeding wheels (13), and one end of the wire guide tube (6) is connected to the wire outlet end of the wire spool box (12), and the other end of the wire guide tube (6) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the wire feeding mechanism fixing plate (5). The other wire guide tube (6) is located between the two wire feeding wheels (13) and the wire feeding gun rod (3), and one end of the wire guide tube (6) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the wire feeding mechanism fixing plate (5), and the other end of the wire guide tube (6) is connected to the wire inlet end of the wire feeding gun rod (3).

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