A magnesium alloy laser-MIG hybrid welding device and method with intelligent matching of swing trajectory and waveform

Abstract

The present invention discloses a magnesium alloy laser-MIG hybrid welding device with intelligent matching of oscillation trajectory and waveform, comprising a control system, a laser welding system, a MIG welding system, and a magnesium alloy plate to be welded; a debugging system for setting the oscillation trajectory and intelligently matching the corresponding MIG waveform and setting various parameters during the welding process; a laser welding system for outputting a laser beam, comprising a laser and a laser galvanometer; a MIG welding system for MIG arc welding, comprising a welding gun and a wire feeder; a debugging system comprising a waveform matching unit, a MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback adjustment unit, and a copper alloy backing plate; the MIG welding system is connected to the debugging system via a MIG welding system signal line; the laser galvanometer is connected to the debugging system via a laser welding system signal line, and the copper alloy backing plate is connected to the debugging system via a MIG waveform adjustment system signal line. The present invention balances the welding heat input at each point of the weld, thereby improving the stability of the molten pool during welding and achieving the purpose of improving the quality of the welded magnesium alloy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of magnesium alloy welding, and in particular to a magnesium alloy laser-MIG composite welding device and method with intelligent matching of an oscillation trajectory and a waveform. Background Art

[0002] As the lightest structural material, magnesium alloys have the potential to replace steel and aluminum in many applications. However, due to weld defects such as high burnout, surface undercut, and large pores, welding is rarely practiced except for repairs. Therefore, the development of reliable welding techniques is crucial for the growing application of magnesium alloys.

[0003] High-power laser-metal inert gas (MIG) hybrid welding is considered the most promising and popular method due to its deep weld penetration, high welding efficiency, good connection strength, and strong ability to reduce weld defects. During the laser-MIG hybrid welding of magnesium alloys, if the MIG waveform is not compatible with the oscillation trajectory of the laser beam, it will lead to uneven heat input at different locations of the weld, which in turn will cause instability in the molten pool, thus affecting the overall weld quality of the magnesium alloy. Unfortunately, due to the special physical properties of magnesium alloys, there are few reports on optimization methods for laser-MIG hybrid welding of magnesium alloys. How to fully utilize the advantages of laser-MIG hybrid welding, design an energy spatiotemporal distribution scheme that meets the forming quality requirements of magnesium alloy weld joints, and achieve high-quality welding of magnesium alloys remains a problem that needs to be solved in laser-MIG hybrid welding technology.

[0004] To this end, we propose to prepare a magnesium alloy laser-MIG hybrid welding device and method with intelligent matching of swing trajectory and waveform to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a magnesium alloy laser-MIG hybrid welding device and method with intelligent matching of swing trajectory and waveform, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a magnesium alloy laser-MIG hybrid welding device with intelligent matching of oscillation trajectory and waveform, comprising:

[0007] Control system, laser welding system, MIG welding system and magnesium alloy plates to be welded;

[0008] The debugging system is used to set the swing trajectory and intelligently match the corresponding MIG waveform and set various parameters during the welding process;

[0009] The laser welding system is used to output a laser beam, and includes a laser and a laser galvanometer;

[0010] The MIG welding system is used for MIG arc welding and includes a welding gun and a wire feeding device;

[0011] The debugging system includes a waveform matching unit, a MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback adjustment unit and a copper alloy backing plate;

[0012] The MIG welding system is connected to the debugging system via the MIG welding system signal line;

[0013] The laser galvanometer is connected to the debugging system via a laser welding system signal line, and the copper alloy backing plate is connected to the debugging system via a MIG waveform adjustment system signal line.

[0014] Preferably, the laser emits a laser beam, and the MIG waveform to which the laser beam swing trajectory can be matched includes a group of pulse MIG waveforms with different parameters.

[0015] Preferably, the construction of the waveform matching unit includes: obtaining a set of samples of laser beam swing trajectory parameters adapted to different MIG waveforms; inputting the laser beam swing trajectory samples into a neural network model for training, and establishing the waveform matching unit.

[0016] Preferably, the copper alloy backing plate is pre-placed at the bottom of the magnesium alloy plate to be welded, and the temperature sensing device distributed by the MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback adjustment unit is laid on the copper alloy backing plate.

[0017] A magnesium alloy laser-MIG hybrid welding method based on intelligent matching of oscillation trajectory and waveform includes the following steps:

[0018] S: Obtain the thermophysical parameters, groove form, and workpiece thickness parameters of the magnesium alloy plate to be welded;

[0019] S2: Install the magnesium alloy sheet to be welded;

[0020] S3: Input the thickness of the magnesium alloy plate to be welded into the control system;

[0021] S4: Input the groove size and synergistic reinforcement coefficient of the magnesium alloy plate to be welded into the control system;

[0022] S5: According to welding requirements, set other welding parameters in the control system;

[0023] S6: The control system turns on the laser welding system and the MIG welding system, and starts the laser welding operation;

[0024] S7: During the welding process, the temperature feedback data of the copper alloy backing plate is fed back to the MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback adjustment unit through the signal line. The pulse MIG waveform is then adjusted in real time by the MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback adjustment unit. The data is then transmitted to the MIG welding system through the signal line, and welding is completed with the adjusted MIG waveform.

[0025] Preferably, the energy of the oscillating laser acting on the magnesium alloy plate to be welded is expressed as PL: , where η1 is the effective absorptivity of magnesium alloy to the swing laser heat source;

[0026] The energy of the pulsed MIG heat source acting on the magnesium alloy plate is expressed as PM: , where η2 is the effective absorption rate of the magnesium alloy to the pulsed MIG heat source;

[0027] Total heat input of oscillating laser-pulsed MIG hybrid welding , k is the synergistic enhancement coefficient of the oscillating laser heat source and the pulsed MIG heat source.

[0028] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: during laser-MIG composite welding of magnesium alloys, the MIG pulse waveform matches the oscillation trajectory of the laser beam, and during the welding process, a closed-loop feedback adjustment unit is designed to balance the welding heat input at each point of the weld, thereby improving the stability of the molten pool during the welding process and achieving the purpose of improving the quality of the welded magnesium alloy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the magnesium alloy laser-MIG hybrid welding device based on intelligent matching of the swing trajectory and waveform of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 A set of pulse waveforms with different parameters that can be matched to the laser beam swing trajectory of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 The laser beam swing trajectory diagram, the matched MIG pulse waveform diagram and the adjusted MIG pulse waveform diagram of the present invention;

[0033] in,

[0034] 1. Control system; 2. Laser welding system; 3. MIG welding system; 4. Magnesium alloy plate to be welded;

[0035] 31. Welding gun; 32. Wire feeding device;

[0036] 41. Workpiece 1; 42. Workpiece 2;

[0037] 51. Laser beam oscillation trajectory; 52. Weld seam; 53. Matched initial MIG waveform; 54. Adjusted MIG waveform. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] Reference Figure 1-3 The present invention provides a magnesium alloy laser-MIG hybrid welding device with intelligent matching of swing trajectory and waveform, comprising:

[0041] Control system 1, laser welding system 2, MIG welding system 3 and magnesium alloy plate to be welded 4;

[0042] Debugging system 1 is used to set the swing trajectory and intelligently match the corresponding MIG waveform as well as set various parameters during welding;

[0043] The laser welding system 2 is used to output a laser beam, and includes a laser 21 and a laser galvanometer 22;

[0044] The MIG welding system 3 is used for MIG arc welding and includes a welding gun 31 and a wire feeding device 32;

[0045] The debugging system 1 includes a waveform matching unit, a MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback adjustment unit and a copper alloy backing plate 16;

[0046] The MIG welding system 3 is connected to the debugging system 1 via the MIG welding system signal line 14;

[0047] The laser galvanometer 22 is connected to the debugging system 1 via a laser welding system signal line 13 , and the copper alloy backing plate 16 is connected to the debugging system 1 via a MIG waveform adjustment system signal line 15 .

[0048] The repetition frequency of the laser galvanometer 22 is not less than 20 kHz, the laser power is not less than 3 KW, the scanning speed is not less than 100 mm / s, and the scanning form is a reciprocating swing perpendicular to the weld direction.

[0049] Figure 2 It is a set of pulse waveforms with different parameters that can be matched with the laser beam swing trajectory in the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 It is the laser beam swing trajectory diagram, the matched MIG pulse waveform diagram and the adjusted MIG pulse waveform diagram.

[0051] In a further optimized solution, the laser 21 emits a laser beam, and the MIG waveform that can match the laser beam swing trajectory includes a group of pulse MIG waveforms with different parameters.

[0052] To further optimize the scheme, the construction of the waveform matching unit includes: obtaining samples of the laser beam swing trajectory parameters adapted to the above-mentioned set of different MIG waveforms; inputting the laser beam swing trajectory samples into the neural network model for training, and establishing the waveform matching unit.

[0053] To further optimize the solution, a copper alloy pad 16 is pre-placed at the bottom of the magnesium alloy plate 4 to be welded, and a temperature sensor device distributed by the MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback adjustment unit is laid on the copper alloy pad 16.

[0054] A magnesium alloy laser-MIG hybrid welding method based on intelligent matching of oscillation trajectory and waveform includes the following steps:

[0055] S1: Obtaining the thermophysical properties, groove form, and thickness parameters of the magnesium alloy plate 4 to be welded;

[0056] The groove is V-shaped;

[0057] S2: The magnesium alloy sheet 4 to be welded is mounted on the plate;

[0058] S3: Inputting the thickness of the magnesium alloy sheet 4 to be welded into the control system 1;

[0059] The control system 1 feeds back the hybrid welding heat input, laser power, and swing trajectory parameters according to the penetration depth requirement, and transmits them to the laser welding system 2 via the signal line 13;

[0060] S4: Inputting the groove size and synergistic reinforcement coefficient of the magnesium alloy plate 4 to be welded into the control system 1;

[0061] The groove size and synergistic enhancement coefficient of the magnesium alloy plate 4 to be welded are input into the control system 1. The system automatically matches the wire feeding speed, pulse MIG waveform and other parameters based on the metal filling amount requirement and the feedback laser beam swing trajectory parameters through the waveform matching unit, and transmits them to the MIG welding system 3 through the signal line 14;

[0062] S5: According to welding requirements, set other welding parameters in the control system 1, such as welding speed;

[0063] S6: The control system 1 turns on the laser welding system 2 and the MIG welding system 3 to start the laser welding operation;

[0064] S7: During the welding process, the temperature feedback data of the copper alloy backing plate 16 is fed back to the MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback adjustment unit through the signal line 15. The pulse MIG waveform is then adjusted in real time by the MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback adjustment unit. The data is then transmitted to the MIG welding system 3 through the signal line 14, and welding is completed with the adjusted MIG waveform.

[0065] According to the temperature feedback data of the copper alloy backing plate, it is fed back to the MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback adjustment unit through the signal line 15 to predict the weld penetration depth. Then, the pulse MIG waveform is adjusted in real time by the MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback adjustment unit, and then transmitted to the MIG welding system 3 through the signal line 14. The adjusted MIG waveform is then used for welding to ensure continuous and stable penetration of the long straight weld of the magnesium alloy.

[0066] Further optimization scheme, the energy of the swing laser acting on the magnesium alloy plate 4 to be welded is expressed as PL , where η1 is the effective absorptivity of magnesium alloy to the swing laser heat source;

[0067] The energy of the pulsed MIG heat source acting on the magnesium alloy plate is expressed as PM: , where η2 is the effective absorption rate of the magnesium alloy to the pulsed MIG heat source;

[0068] Total heat input of oscillating laser-pulsed MIG hybrid welding , k is the synergistic enhancement coefficient of the oscillating laser heat source and the pulsed MIG heat source.

[0069] The setting and matching of the swing trajectory and the pulse MIG waveform are achieved through the control system 1.

[0070] According to the above relationship, the thickness of the magnesium alloy plate is input into the control system 1. The system feeds back the parameters such as hybrid welding heat input, laser power, oscillation trajectory and frequency according to the required penetration depth, and transmits them to the laser welding system 2 through the signal line 13;

[0071] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0072] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by persons skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A magnesium alloy laser-MIG hybrid welding device with intelligent matching of swing trajectory and waveform, characterized in that: include: Control system (1), laser welding system (2), MIG welding system (3) and magnesium alloy plate to be welded (4); The control system (1) is used to set the laser oscillation trajectory and the MIG waveform that intelligently matches the laser oscillation trajectory, and is also used to set various parameters during the welding process; The laser welding system (2) is used to output a laser beam, and comprises a laser (21) and a laser galvanometer (22); The MIG welding system (3) is used for MIG arc welding and includes a welding gun (31) and a wire feeding device (32); The control system (1) includes a waveform matching unit, a MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback adjustment unit and a copper alloy backing plate (16); The MIG welding system (3) is connected to the control system (1) via a MIG welding system signal line (14); The laser galvanometer (22) is connected to the control system (1) via a laser welding system signal line (13), and the copper alloy backing plate (16) is connected to the control system (1) via a MIG waveform adjustment system signal line (15); The construction of the waveform matching unit includes: obtaining a set of samples of laser oscillation trajectory parameters adapted to different MIG waveforms; inputting the samples of laser oscillation trajectory parameters into a neural network model for training to establish the waveform matching unit; The copper alloy backing plate (16) is pre-placed on the bottom of the magnesium alloy plate (4) to be welded, and the temperature sensing device distributed by the MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback regulation unit is laid on the copper alloy backing plate (16).

2. The magnesium alloy laser-MIG hybrid welding device with intelligent matching of oscillation trajectory and waveform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser (21) emits a laser beam, and the laser oscillation trajectory can intelligently match the MIG waveform including a group of pulse MIG waveforms with different parameters.

3. A magnesium alloy laser-MIG hybrid welding method based on intelligent matching of oscillation trajectory and waveform, using the magnesium alloy laser-MIG hybrid welding device with intelligent matching of oscillation trajectory and waveform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Obtaining the thermophysical parameters, groove form, and workpiece thickness parameters of the magnesium alloy plate (4) to be welded; S2: placing the magnesium alloy plate (4) to be welded on the copper alloy backing plate (16); S3: inputting the thickness of the magnesium alloy plate (4) to be welded into the control system (1); S4: inputting the groove size of the magnesium alloy plate (4) to be welded and the synergistic enhancement coefficient of the oscillating laser heat source and the pulsed MIG heat source into the control system (1); S5: According to welding requirements, set the remaining welding parameters in the control system (1); S6: The control system (1) turns on the laser welding system (2) and the MIG welding system (3) to start the welding operation; S7: During the welding process, the temperature feedback data of the copper alloy backing plate (16) is fed back to the MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback adjustment unit through the MIG waveform adjustment system signal line (15), and then the MIG waveform is adjusted in real time by the MIG waveform PID closed-loop feedback adjustment unit. The data is then transmitted to the MIG welding system (3) through the MIG welding system signal line (14), and welding is completed with the adjusted MIG waveform.

4. The magnesium alloy laser-MIG hybrid welding method based on intelligent matching of oscillation trajectory and waveform according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In this method, the energy of the oscillating laser acting on the magnesium alloy plate (4) to be welded is P L Indicates that P L =P1×η1, where η1 is the effective absorptivity of magnesium alloy to the oscillating laser heat source; The energy of pulse MIG heat source acting on the magnesium alloy plate to be welded is expressed as P M Indicates that P M =P2×η2, where η2 is the effective absorption rate of magnesium alloy to pulse MIG heat source; The total heat input P of oscillating laser-pulsed MIG hybrid welding is k(P L + P M ), k is the synergistic enhancement coefficient of the oscillating laser heat source and the pulsed MIG heat source.

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