A processing device and a processing method using the same

Abstract

The application relates to a processing device and a processing method using the same, characterized by comprising a work platform and a reference surface for arranging a semi-finished product to be processed, the work platform being provided with a processing mechanism, the reference surface being provided with three reference pieces of the same height, the upper end of each reference piece being in contact with the semi-finished product to be processed to form a first plane, a gap being formed between the semi-finished product to be processed and the reference surface, the work platform being provided with a fixing mechanism, and the processing mechanism processing a second plane on the semi-finished product to be processed in a state that the semi-finished product to be processed is fixed, the application having the advantages that the processing device supports the semi-finished product to be processed by arranging three reference pieces on the reference surface, forms a first plane on the semi-finished product to be processed, processes a second plane with extremely high processing precision based on the first plane to improve the precision of finish machining in cooperation with the reference surface, and even if the semi-finished product to be processed is deformed, the precision can be avoided from being affected.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of finishing technology, and particularly relates to a machining device capable of eliminating the influence of deformation caused by rough machining on finishing and a machining method using the machining device. BACKGROUND

[0002] A precision carving machine is a high-precision numerical control machine tool with both carving and milling functions. When a complex workpiece is machined by using the precision carving machine, two steps of rough machining and finishing are usually included. The rough machining refers to a process of machining a workpiece blank into a semi-finished product with a margin relative to a finished product, and the finishing refers to a process of removing the margin of the semi-finished product to machine the finished product with high precision. Since the finishing needs to be performed on the basis of the rough machining, the state of the semi-finished product after the rough machining has a great influence on the machining precision of the finished product.

[0003] Specifically, the deformation of the semi-finished product leads to the failure to cooperate with the machining reference surface, which is an important factor affecting the machining precision of the finished product. The main causes of the deformation are as follows: firstly, stress deformation caused by residual stress of the semi-finished product; and secondly, machining deformation caused in the rough machining process. If the finishing is directly performed without controlling the deformation of the semi-finished product, a large machining error will occur in the finished product. In view of the above causes of the deformation, there are corresponding control methods: firstly, residual stress of the workpiece blank is eliminated to reduce the stress deformation of the semi-finished product; and secondly, the machining deformation of the semi-finished product is reduced by reducing the working procedures in the rough machining process.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned treatment methods have certain defects in use:

[0005] One, the commonly used residual stress elimination methods are, for example, heat aging treatment method, vibration aging treatment method and natural aging treatment method, wherein the heat aging treatment method needs to use the heat aging equipment provided by the Chinese utility model patent with the patent number ZL201920377180.3; and the vibration aging treatment method needs to use the vibration aging equipment provided by the Chinese invention application with the application number CN202311448267.2 (the publication number is CN117467834A); that is, the above two methods need to use specific equipment and have certain limitations, for example, the heat aging treatment method may cause other property changes of the workpiece blank, the vibration frequency has great influence when using the vibration aging treatment method, and the poor vibration frequency or excitation point selection may not effectively eliminate the stress, and even may cause the workpiece blank cracking or the size precision change is large, and the natural aging treatment method has good effect on stabilizing the size precision of the workpiece blank, but often needs to be carried out for several months or even several years.

[0006] Secondly, if you want to reduce the process in the rough machining process, you usually need to use four-axis or even five-axis machine tools to remove more allowance in fewer processes, but this method has high requirements for equipment, programming personnel's technical level and processing time, and is not easy to realize in actual production process. SUMMARY

[0007] The first technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a machining device which can avoid affecting the precision of finish machining even if the semi-finished product is deformed.

[0008] The second technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a machining method applied with the machining device.

[0009] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve the first technical problem is that the machining device comprises:

[0010] The working platform comprises a reference surface for setting the semi-finished product to be machined;

[0011] The machining mechanism is arranged on the working platform and is used for machining the semi-finished product to be machined;

[0012] Three reference elements of the same height are arranged on the reference surface, and the upper end of each reference element is in contact with the semi-finished product to be processed to form a first plane, and a gap is formed between the semi-finished product to be processed and the reference surface. The working platform is further provided with a fixing mechanism for fixing the semi-finished product to be processed on each reference element. In the state that the semi-finished product to be processed is fixed on each reference element, the machining mechanism can process the semi-finished product to be processed to obtain a second plane parallel to the first plane, so as to realize that the second plane is parallel to the reference surface and is used for cooperating with the reference surface in subsequent fine machining.

[0013] In order to realize that the semi-finished product to be processed can be stably placed on each reference element, preferably, the center of gravity of the semi-finished product to be processed is located in the range surrounded by each reference element. It is known that the center of gravity is the point where the gravity of each part of the object is concentrated. Three reference elements are in contact with the semi-finished product to be processed, and a gap is formed between the semi-finished product to be processed and the reference surface, that is, the three reference elements support the semi-finished product to be processed. The contact points between the reference elements and the semi-finished product to be processed can be regarded as "supporting points". Except for the supporting points, the semi-finished product to be processed is not in contact with any object, so as to avoid deformation caused by force. The three reference elements obviously have various distribution modes, but no matter how the three reference elements are distributed, the center of gravity of the semi-finished product to be processed should be located in the supporting range surrounded by each supporting point, so as to stably support the semi-finished product to be processed.

[0014] In order to avoid affecting the semi-finished product to be processed, preferably, the edge of the semi-finished product to be processed is circumferentially provided with an auxiliary boss corresponding to each of the reference members, the auxiliary boss comprises a lower end for being placed on the corresponding reference member to form the first plane, and comprises an upper end for being processed by the processing mechanism to form the second plane, and the fixing mechanism is used to connect the reference member and the corresponding auxiliary boss. The auxiliary boss can be a "process holder" commonly used in manufacturing industry, or a boss structure existing in the semi-finished product to be processed, but in the present scheme, it not only has the positioning and fixing functions of the "process holder" in the processing process, but also has the function of contacting the three reference members to form the first plane, that is, it is similar to fixing the semi-finished product to be processed on the first plane for processing, thereby improving the precision of the second plane. It can be imagined that if the first plane is not formed, there are two processing schemes, one is to directly place the semi-finished product to be processed on the reference surface. Since the semi-finished product to be processed deforms, the part in contact with the reference surface is not a plane, and cannot fully cooperate with the reference surface. During the processing process, there will be a space for deformation, and sometimes the semi-finished product to be processed will move, thereby reducing the processing precision. The second is to clamp the semi-finished product to be processed by a clamp, and forcibly make the semi-finished product to be processed cooperate with the reference surface by external force. In this way, a second plane with high flatness can be processed. However, once the clamp is released, the semi-finished product to be processed will deform and damage the second plane due to the loss of external force. In summary, the above-mentioned reference members and auxiliary bosses can make the semi-finished product to be processed placed on the first plane, and the second plane with high precision can be processed for subsequent fine processing. On the other hand, the processing mechanism forms the second plane by processing the upper end of the auxiliary boss, so that the structure and allowance of the semi-finished product to be processed are not affected.

[0015] In order to fix the semi-finished product to be processed while avoiding deformation of the semi-finished product to be processed caused by external force, preferably, the fixing mechanism comprises three threaded fasteners, the reference members are provided with fixing holes matched with the threaded fasteners, and correspondingly, the auxiliary bosses corresponding to the reference members are also provided with matching holes matched with the threaded fasteners, so that the reference members and the corresponding auxiliary bosses are fixed by the threaded fasteners. Such design is considered that if a clamp driven by a traditional air cylinder or the like is used, the clamping area and force are large, and if multiple parts are clamped, the forces of the parts are difficult to keep at the same level, which will cause the semi-finished product to be processed to deform. The use of threaded fasteners for fixing not only enables the fixing to be performed with smaller force, and the area of action is smaller, and more importantly, the same size of force can be applied to the three threaded fasteners by a torque wrench or the like, thereby avoiding deformation of the semi-finished product to be processed caused by large or unbalanced external force.

[0016] In order to improve the stability during the machining process, preferably, the working platform is further provided with at least two supporting members for supporting the semi-finished product to be machined, each of the supporting members is distributed along the circumference of the semi-finished product to be machined, and each of the supporting members is connected to the reference surface and in contact with the side surface of the semi-finished product to be machined. The supporting member is used to abut against the side surface of the semi-finished product to be machined with a lighter force, so that the deformation of the semi-finished product to be machined caused by a larger force can be avoided, and the semi-finished product to be machined can be stabilized, so that the vibration of the machining mechanism during the machining of the second plane can be avoided, and the second plane can be more flat, and the flatness and accuracy of the second plane can be improved.

[0017] In order to solve the second technical problem, the application provides a machining method, characterized by: applying the machining device described above, and the machining method comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1, fixing the semi-finished product to be machined, placing the auxiliary boss of the semi-finished product to be machined on the corresponding reference member, the upper end of each reference member is in contact with the lower end of the corresponding auxiliary boss to form the first plane, and the reference member and the corresponding auxiliary boss are connected by the threaded fastener of the fixing mechanism;

[0019] S2, installing each of the supporting members, the height of each of the supporting members is lower than the semi-finished product to be machined, placing each of the supporting members on the outer side of the semi-finished product to be machined along the circumference, so that each of the supporting members is in contact with the side surface of the semi-finished product to be machined, and each of the supporting members and the reference surface are connected;

[0020] S3, machining the second plane, under the fixed state of the semi-finished product to be machined, the second plane for cooperating with the reference surface is machined on the upper end of the auxiliary boss by the machining mechanism.

[0021] In order to improve the stability of each reference member supporting the semi-finished product to be machined, preferably, the overlapping area of the range surrounded by each reference member and the semi-finished product to be machined reaches a maximum value. The above part has explained why the center of gravity of the semi-finished product to be machined needs to be located in the range surrounded by each reference member, and when the range surrounded by the reference member is set to have a maximum overlapping area with the semi-finished product to be machined, the stability of the reference member in supporting the semi-finished product to be machined can be further improved.

[0022] In order to improve the accuracy of the first plane, preferably, the diameter of the fixing hole of the reference element in step S1 is 6.5mm-6.8mm, and the upper end of the reference element has the smallest surface area under the premise of ensuring strength. Such design is considered to ensure the effect of the fixing mechanism, usually M6 threaded fasteners are selected for fixing, which requires the diameter of the fixing hole to be 6.5mm-6.8mm, and the upper end of the reference element needs to have the smallest surface area under the premise of ensuring strength, because "three points" determine a plane, if the surface area of the upper end of the reference element in contact with the auxiliary boss is too large, the contacted part cannot be considered as "three points", which will also have a negative impact on the accuracy of the first plane. In addition, in order to ensure the strength of the reference element to support the lower upper end surface area, the reference element can be made of a material with higher hardness, such as H13 hot work die steel, which has better toughness, hardness and wear resistance, so as to reduce the upper end surface area and prolong the service life.

[0023] In order to avoid deformation of the semi-finished product to be processed during the fixing of the reference element and the auxiliary boss by the threaded fastener, preferably, the three threaded fasteners in step S1 have the same torque when fixing the reference element and the corresponding auxiliary boss, and the torque is less than 2N. The threaded fastener is used to fix the semi-finished product to be processed, so as to avoid movement during the processing of the second plane, which will reduce the accuracy and even damage the processing mechanism. As to why the torque of the threaded fastener is set to the same size, it is to balance the stress of the semi-finished product to be processed as much as possible, so as to avoid deformation of the surface of the semi-finished product to be processed after the threaded fastener is loosened, and the torque is set to be less than 2N, so as to avoid deformation of the semi-finished product to be processed due to excessive torque.

[0024] In order to avoid deformation of the semi-finished product to be processed during the fixing of the reference element and the auxiliary boss by the threaded fastener, preferably, the three threaded fasteners in step S1 have the same torque when fixing the reference element and the corresponding auxiliary boss, and the torque is less than 2N. The threaded fastener is used to fix the semi-finished product to be processed, so as to avoid movement during the processing of the second plane, which will reduce the accuracy and even damage the processing mechanism. As to why the torque of the threaded fastener is set to the same size, it is to balance the stress of the semi-finished product to be processed as much as possible, so as to avoid deformation of the surface of the semi-finished product to be processed after the threaded fastener is loosened, and the torque is set to be less than 2N, so as to avoid deformation of the semi-finished product to be processed due to excessive torque.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the advantages of:

[0026] 1. The machining device supports the semi-finished product to be machined to have a gap with the reference surface by arranging three reference elements of the same height on the reference surface, thereby avoiding affecting the precision of the first plane formed on the semi-finished product to be machined, and then machining a second plane of extremely high precision parallel to the reference surface based on the first plane, thereby being used for further machining as a finished product in cooperation with the reference surface in the subsequent finishing process. Compared with directly placing the semi-finished product to be machined on the reference surface with a deformed surface, the cooperation of the second plane with the reference surface can greatly improve the finishing precision, so that even if the semi-finished product to be machined is deformed, the precision of the finishing process can be avoided.

[0027] 2. The structure of the machining device is relatively simple and can ignore the deformation of the semi-finished product to be machined. Compared with the equipment for eliminating residual stress, the cost is extremely low, compared with the natural aging treatment method, it does not need to wait, the efficiency is higher, and the relatively simple structure also reduces the technical level requirement of the operating personnel. The process in the rough machining process is relatively low. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the machining device in the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the machining device in the embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Fig. 3 is an exploded structural schematic diagram of the machining device in the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present application will be further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments.

[0032] As shown in Figs. 1-3 , it is a preferred embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 1 , Fig. 3 , the machining device in the embodiment includes a workbench 1, which includes a reference surface 11 for arranging the semi-finished product A to be machined. The workbench 1 is also provided with a machining mechanism for machining the semi-finished product A to be machined. The machining mechanism in the embodiment is a common milling cutter mechanism, so it will not be described again. Three reference elements 2 of the same height are arranged on the reference surface 11. Since it is impossible to achieve true complete height in actual production process, the height tolerance requirement of the three reference elements 2 in the embodiment is ±0.02mm, and the upper end of each reference element 2 is in contact with the semi-finished product A to be machined to form a first plane 21. As shown in Fig. 2As shown, a gap H is formed between the semi-finished piece A to be machined and the reference surface 11, and the working platform 1 is further provided with a fixing mechanism 3 for fixing the semi-finished piece A to be machined to each reference piece 2. In the state that the semi-finished piece A to be machined is fixed to each reference piece 2, the machining mechanism can machine a second plane N parallel to the first plane 21 on the semi-finished piece A to be machined, so as to realize that the second plane N is parallel to the reference surface 11 and is used for cooperation with the reference surface 11 in subsequent fine machining. As shown, Fig. 1 As shown, the reference piece 2 actually plays a role of supporting the semi-finished piece A to be machined, and therefore, the center of gravity of the semi-finished piece A to be machined is located in the range surrounded by each reference piece 2. This is because the center of gravity is the point where the gravity acting on each part of an object is concentrated, and the three reference pieces 2 are in contact with the semi-finished piece A to be machined and make the semi-finished piece A to be machined form a gap H with the reference surface 11, that is, the three reference pieces 2 support the semi-finished piece A to be machined, and the contact points between the reference pieces 2 and the semi-finished piece A to be machined can be regarded as "supporting points". Except for the supporting points, the semi-finished piece A to be machined is not in contact with any object, so as to avoid its deformation under force, and the three reference pieces 2 obviously have various distribution modes, but no matter how the three reference pieces 2 are distributed, the center of gravity of the semi-finished piece A to be machined should be located in the supporting range surrounded by each supporting point, so as to stably support the semi-finished piece A to be machined.

[0033] In consideration of facilitating machining and avoiding affecting the semi-finished piece A to be machined itself, as shown, Fig. 3As shown, the edge of the semi-finished product A to be processed is circumferentially provided with at least an auxiliary boss B corresponding to each reference element 2, which includes a lower end for being placed on the corresponding reference element 2 to form the first plane 21, and an upper end for being processed by the processing mechanism to form the second plane N, and the fixing mechanism is used to connect the reference element 2 and the corresponding auxiliary boss B. The auxiliary boss B in the embodiment is similar to the commonly known "process support" in manufacturing industry, but in the present scheme it not only has the positioning and fixing function of the "process support" in the processing process, but also has the function of contacting three reference elements 2 to form the first plane 21, that is, similar to fixing the semi-finished product A to be processed on the first plane 21 for processing, which improves the precision of the second plane N. It can be imagined that if the first plane 21 is not formed, there are two processing schemes, one is to directly place the semi-finished product A to be processed on the reference surface 11, because the semi-finished product A to be processed deforms, so the part in contact with the reference surface 11 is not a plane, which cannot fully cooperate with the reference surface 11, and there will be a space for deformation in the processing process, and sometimes it will move, which reduces the processing precision; the second is to clamp the semi-finished product A to be processed by a clamp, and forcibly make the semi-finished product A to be processed cooperate with the reference surface 11 by external force, which can indeed process the second plane N with high flatness, but once the clamp is released, the external force is lost, and the semi-finished product A to be processed will deform and damage the second plane N; in summary, through the above-mentioned reference element 2 and auxiliary boss B, the semi-finished product A to be processed can be placed on the first plane 21, and the second plane N with high precision can be processed for subsequent fine processing; on the other hand, the processing mechanism forms the second plane N by processing the upper end of the auxiliary boss B, which will not affect the structure and allowance of the semi-finished product A to be processed.

[0034] Two problems need to be considered when the auxiliary boss B cooperates with the reference element 2. One is how to fix the reference element 2 and the corresponding auxiliary boss B. The other is how to ensure the stability of the semi-finished product A to be machined when machining the second plane N. Regarding the first problem, the fixing mechanism includes three threaded fasteners 31. The reference element 2 is provided with fixing holes 22 matched with the threaded fasteners 31. Correspondingly, the corresponding auxiliary boss B of the reference element 2 is also provided with matching holes C matched with the threaded fasteners 31. Thus, the reference element 2 and the corresponding auxiliary boss B are fixed by the threaded fasteners 31. This design is made considering that if a clamp driven by a traditional air cylinder or the like driving source is used, the clamping area and force are large, and if multiple parts are clamped, the forces of the parts are difficult to keep at the same level, which will cause the semi-finished product A to be machined to deform. The use of threaded fasteners 31 for fixation can not only fix with smaller force, but also has a smaller acting area. More importantly, the same size force can be applied to the three threaded fasteners 31 by a torque wrench or the like tool, thereby avoiding deformation of the semi-finished product A to be machined due to large or unbalanced external force. Regarding the second problem, the working platform 1 is also provided with at least two support elements 12 for supporting the semi-finished product A to be machined. Each support element 12 is circumferentially distributed along the semi-finished product A to be machined. Each support element 12 is connected to the reference surface 11 and in contact with the side surface of the semi-finished product A to be machined. The support element 12 functions to abut against the side surface of the semi-finished product A to be machined with lighter force, thereby avoiding deformation of the semi-finished product A to be machined due to large force, and also stabilizing the semi-finished product A to be machined, thereby avoiding vibration of the machining mechanism during machining of the second plane N, causing the second plane N to be not flat enough, affecting the flatness and precision of the second plane N.

[0035] The embodiment also provides a machining method applied to the machining device. The machining method includes the following steps.

[0036] S1, fixing the semi-finished product A to be machined, placing the auxiliary boss B of the semi-finished product A to be machined on the corresponding reference element 2, the upper end of each reference element 2 being in contact with the lower end of the corresponding auxiliary boss B to form the first plane 21, and connecting the reference element 2 and the corresponding auxiliary boss B by the threaded fastener 31 of the fixing mechanism 3;

[0037] S2, installing each support element 12, the height of the support element 12 being lower than the semi-finished product A to be machined, placing each support element 12 on the outer side of the semi-finished product A to be machined in a circumferential direction, making each support element 12 in contact with the side surface of the semi-finished product A to be machined, and connecting each support element 12 and the reference surface 11;

[0038] S3, machining the second plane N, in the state that the semi-finished part A to be machined is fixed, machining the second plane N on the upper end of the auxiliary boss B by the machining mechanism to cooperate with the reference surface 11.

[0039] To further improve the accuracy, there are several details to be noted in steps S1 and S2. First, the range surrounded by each reference member 2 in step S1 has the maximum overlapping area with the semi-finished product A to be processed. The above part has explained why the center of gravity of the semi-finished product A to be processed needs to be located within the range surrounded by each reference member 2, and setting the range surrounded by the reference member 2 to have the maximum overlapping area with the semi-finished product A to be processed can further improve the stability of the reference member 2 when supporting the semi-finished product A to be processed. Second, the diameter of the fixing hole 22 of the reference member 2 in step S1 is 6.5mm-6.8mm, and the upper end of the reference member 2 has the smallest surface area under the premise of ensuring strength. Such design is considered to ensure the effect of the fixing mechanism, usually a threaded fastener 31 with a specification of M6 is selected for fixing, which requires the diameter of the fixing hole 22 to be 6.5mm-6.8mm, and the upper end of the reference member 2 needs to have the smallest surface area under the premise of ensuring strength, because "three points" determine a plane, if the surface area of the upper end of the reference member 2 contacting the auxiliary boss B is too large, the contacted part cannot be considered as "three points", which will also negatively affect the accuracy of the first plane 21. In addition, in order to ensure the strength of the reference member 2 to support the lowest possible upper end surface area, the reference member 2 can be made of a material with high hardness, for example, the hardness needs to be greater than 40HRC, and H13 hot work die steel can be used for processing to obtain good toughness, hardness and wear resistance, which not only reduces the upper end surface area, but also prolongs the service life. Third, the three threaded fasteners 31 in step S1 have the same torque when fixing the reference member 2 and the corresponding auxiliary boss B, and the torque is less than 2N. The threaded fastener 31 is used to fix the semi-finished product A to be processed to avoid moving during the processing of the second plane N, which may cause accuracy reduction or even damage to the processing mechanism. As to why the torque of the threaded fastener 31 needs to be the same, it is to balance the stress of the semi-finished product A to be processed as much as possible to avoid deformation of the surface of the semi-finished product A to be processed after loosening the threaded fastener 31, which may damage the second plane N. Setting the torque to be less than 2N is also to avoid excessive torque causing deformation of the semi-finished product A to be processed. Finally, in step S2, each support member 12 and the reference surface 11 and each support member 12 and the side surface of the semi-finished product A to be processed are connected by adhesion.Similar to the function of the threaded fastener 31, the support 12 is also used to improve the stability of the semi-finished product A during the machining process. However, if the contact between the support 12 and the semi-finished product A is too hard, the semi-finished product A may be deformed under the action of external force during the machining process. Therefore, the supports 12 and the reference surface 11 and the side surface of the semi-finished product A are connected by adhesion, which means that the supports 12 are in contact with the side surface of the semi-finished product A and almost do not apply force to the semi-finished product A. The adhesion strength is relatively small during the machining process, so that the deformation of the semi-finished product A is avoided.

[0040] In summary, in the machining device of the embodiment, the semi-finished product A is supported by the three reference elements 2 on the reference surface 11 with a gap H, so that the accuracy of the first plane 21 formed on the semi-finished product A is not affected. Based on the first plane 21, a second plane N with high accuracy parallel to the reference surface 11 is machined, which is used for further machining to a finished product in cooperation with the reference surface 11 in the subsequent finishing process. Compared with directly placing the deformed surface of the semi-finished product A on the reference surface 11, it is difficult to precisely cooperate. The use of the second plane N to cooperate with the reference surface 11 can greatly improve the finishing accuracy. Therefore, even if the semi-finished product A is deformed, the accuracy of the finishing process is not affected. Moreover, due to the simple structure of the machining device, the deformation of the semi-finished product A can be ignored. Compared with the equipment for eliminating residual stress, the cost is very low. Compared with the natural aging method, it does not need to wait, and the efficiency is higher. Moreover, the simple structure also reduces the technical level requirement of the operating personnel.

Claims

1. A processing apparatus characterized by comprising: Including: The work platform (1) includes a reference surface (11) for setting the semi-finished part (A) to be processed; A processing mechanism is provided on the work platform (1) for processing the semi-finished part (A) to be processed; Three reference pieces (2) of the same height are provided on the reference surface (11), and the upper end of each reference piece (2) contacts the semi-finished part (A) to be processed to form a first plane (21). At the same time, a gap (H) is formed between the semi-finished part (A) to be processed and the reference surface (11). The working platform (1) is also provided with a fixing mechanism (3) for fixing the semi-finished part (A) to be processed on each reference piece (2). When the semi-finished part (A) to be processed is fixed on each reference piece (2), the processing mechanism can process a second plane (N) parallel to the first plane (21) on the semi-finished part (A) to be processed, thereby realizing that the second plane (N) is parallel to the reference surface (11) and is used to cooperate with the reference surface (11) during subsequent finishing. The center of gravity of the semi-finished part (A) to be processed is located within the area surrounded by each of the reference parts (2); The edge of the semi-finished part (A) to be processed is provided with at least one auxiliary boss (B) corresponding to each of the reference parts (2) along the circumferential direction. The auxiliary boss (B) includes a lower end for being erected on the corresponding reference part (2) to form the first plane (21), and an upper end for being processed by the processing mechanism to form the second plane (N). The fixing mechanism (3) is used to connect the reference part (2) and the corresponding auxiliary boss (B). The work platform (1) is also provided with at least two support members (12) for supporting the semi-finished part (A) to be processed. Each support member (12) is distributed around the semi-finished part (A) to be processed. Each support member (12) is connected to the reference surface (11) and is in contact with the side of the semi-finished part (A) to be processed.

2. The processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The fixing mechanism (3) includes three threaded fasteners (31). The reference part (2) is provided with fixing holes (22) that are adapted to the threaded fasteners (31). Correspondingly, the auxiliary boss (B) corresponding to the reference part (2) is also provided with mating holes (C) that are adapted to the threaded fasteners (31), so that the reference part (2) and the corresponding auxiliary boss (B) are fixed by the threaded fasteners (31).

3. A method of processing, characterized by: The processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 2 is used, and the processing method includes the following steps: S1. Fix the semi-finished part (A) to be processed, and place the auxiliary boss (B) of the semi-finished part (A) to be processed onto the corresponding reference part (2). The upper end of each reference part (2) contacts the lower end of the corresponding auxiliary boss (B) to form the first plane (21). The reference part (2) and the corresponding auxiliary boss (B) are connected by the threaded fastener (31) of the fixing mechanism (3). S2, mounting each of the support pieces (12) whose height is lower than the semi-finished product (A) to be processed, placing each of the support pieces (12) on the outer side of the semi-finished product (A) to be processed in the circumferential direction, making each of the support pieces (12) contact the side surface of the semi-finished product (A) to be processed, and connecting each of the support pieces (12) and the reference surface (11); S3, processing the second plane (N), under the condition that the semi-finished product (A) to be processed is fixed, processing the second plane (N) for cooperating with the reference surface (11) on the upper end of the auxiliary boss (B) by the processing mechanism.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein: In the step S1, the range surrounded by each of the reference pieces (2) is maximized in the overlapping area with the semi-finished product (A) to be processed.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein: In the step S1, the diameter of the fixing hole (22) of the reference piece (2) is 6.5mm-6.8mm, and the upper end of the reference piece (2) has the minimum surface area under the premise of ensuring the strength.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein: In the step S1, the three threaded fasteners (31) used for fixing the reference piece (2) and the corresponding auxiliary boss (B) have the same torque, and the torque is less than 2N.

7. The method of claim 3, wherein: In the step S2, each of the support pieces (12) and the reference surface (11) and the side surface of the semi-finished product (A) to be processed are connected by bonding.

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