A slag remover for copper-nickel-silicon alloy smelting and a smelting method for copper-nickel-silicon alloy

Abstract

The invention discloses a slag remover for copper-nickel-silicon alloy smelting and a copper-nickel-silicon alloy smelting method. The slag remover for copper-nickel-silicon alloy smelting comprises a deslagging agent and a reducing agent; the deslagging agent is composed of Na2CO3, NaF and anhydrous Na2B4O7 in a mass ratio of 30-35:10-20:50-55; the reducing agent is composed of Mg and anhydrous Na2B4O7 in a mass ratio of 1:15-20; by using the deslagging agent and the reducing agent in combination, the quality of the melt is ensured while achieving the maximum deslagging effect, thereby reducing the generation of slag and the slag hanging on the wall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of copper alloy smelting, and specifically relates to a slag remover for copper-nickel-silicon alloy smelting and a copper-nickel-silicon alloy smelting method. Background Art

[0002] Copper-nickel-silicon alloy strip is a metal material with specific chemical composition and physical properties. This alloy is mainly composed of three elements: copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and silicon (Si). Its unique composition gives it a series of excellent properties, such as high strength, good corrosion resistance, excellent thermal stability and electrical conductivity.

[0003] Copper-nickel-silicon alloy strip has a wide range of applications in many fields. In electrical engineering, it is often used as a conductive material, especially in environments that require high conductivity and good corrosion resistance. Due to its good thermal stability, it is also widely used in the manufacture of electrical components and connectors in high-temperature environments. In addition, in the aerospace and military fields, copper-nickel-silicon alloy strip is favored for its high strength and lightweight characteristics and is often used to manufacture aircraft and missile components.

[0004] Since the copper-nickel-silicon series alloys require the addition of copper-silicon intermediate alloys, and silicon itself has the ability to form slag, a large amount of blocky slag will be agglomerated in the smelting furnace during the production process, causing the following adverse effects: 1. Since the slag will adhere to the surface of the furnace wall, the effective volume in the furnace will be reduced, and the semi-continuous casting ingot will be scrapped due to insufficient weight. 2. Excessive slag will be entrained into the copper liquid and flow into the three-way graphite flow tube during the casting discharge process, blocking the casting flow tube, interrupting the casting, and the three-way needs to be replaced. 3. Slag agglomeration will lead to an increase in the copper content in the slag, which is not conducive to the utilization rate of the raw materials put into the furnace and increases costs. 4. Excessive slag production will increase the labor intensity of workers and make it difficult to remove the slag. 5. It will affect the quality of the ingot.

[0005] At present, the domestic production of copper-nickel-silicon alloy is relatively small. The slag removers provided by the manufacturers that can provide slag removers have unknown composition ratios, and the use effect is general and the use cost is high. In order to solve the copper-nickel-silicon casting production problems, there is an urgent need for a slag remover that can meet the use requirements, reduce slag generation and slag hanging on the wall, has low cost, simple and reliable composition, and obvious effect. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a slag remover for copper-nickel-silicon alloy, which is composed of a deslagging agent and a reducing agent. Through the coordinated use of the deslagging agent and the reducing agent, the maximum slag removal effect is achieved while ensuring the quality of the melt, thereby reducing slag generation and slag wall adhesion.

[0007] The present invention also provides a copper-nickel-silicon alloy smelting method, which reduces the generation of slag and the slag hanging on the wall.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A slag remover for copper-nickel-silicon alloy smelting, the slag remover for copper-nickel-silicon alloy smelting comprising a de-doping agent and a reducing agent;

[0010] The impurity remover is composed of Na2CO3, NaF and anhydrous Na2B4O7 in a mass ratio of 30-35:10-20:50-55;

[0011] The reducing agent is composed of Mg and anhydrous Na2B4O7 in a mass ratio of 1:15-20.

[0012] The preparation method of the reducing agent is as follows: Mg is wrapped in anhydrous Na2B4O7, and the temperature is kept at 1000-1050°C for 5-10 minutes. During this process, borax melts into liquid glass and wraps on the surface of magnesium, which can reduce the oxidation loss of magnesium in the furnace and increase the addition efficiency; after melting, the magnesium is cooled in the furnace and then crushed.

[0013] The dosage of the impurity remover is 0.5-1.0 kg / t copper liquid.

[0014] The dosage of the reducing agent is 0.3-0.5 kg / t copper liquid.

[0015] The present invention also provides a copper-nickel-silicon alloy smelting method, the smelting method comprising the following steps:

[0016] 1) Charging: When charging the copper-nickel-silicon alloy raw materials, after loading 1 / 3 of the raw materials at the bottom of the furnace, add 1 / 2 of the amount of the impurity remover; then continue to load 1 / 3 of the raw materials, add the remaining impurity remover, and finally load the remaining raw materials;

[0017] 2) Smelting: Heat and heat up to smelt. After the impurity remover melts and covers the surface of the copper liquid, inject the reducing agent into the copper liquid with a pressure nozzle, stir evenly, refine for 20 to 30 minutes, stand for 5 minutes, and remove impurities;

[0018] 3) Alloying: After the copper water is melted, add 1 / 2 of the preheated phosphor copper at a temperature of 1200°C and stir. At a temperature of 1200-1250°C, add the preheated zinc and copper-silicon master alloy and the remaining preheated phosphor copper and stir evenly. After the composition test is qualified, cover the surface of the melt with a heat preservation agent; and skim off the slag.

[0019] 4) Casting.

[0020] In step 1), the smelting condition is smelting at 1220-1260° C. for 20-40 min.

[0021] In step 4), the pouring temperature is 1180-1200°C.

[0022] In the copper-nickel-silicon alloy, the weight percentage of Ni is 0.5-4.5%; the weight percentage of Si is 0.15-1.5%.

[0023] In the copper-nickel-silicon alloy, the content ratio of Ni to Si is 4.5-5.5.

[0024] The slag remover for copper-nickel-silicon alloy smelting provided by the present invention is composed of a slag remover and a reducing agent, wherein the slag remover has the function of removing impurities such as grease, hydrocarbon organic matter, metal oxides, non-metal oxides, etc. in the recycled material; and the reducing agent has the function of removing oxygen in the copper liquid, preventing the alloy elements from being oxidized, and reducing the oxidized alloy elements. By using the slag remover and the reducing agent in combination, the maximum slag removal effect can be achieved while ensuring the quality of the melt.

[0025] In the copper-nickel-silicon alloy smelting method provided by the present invention, a de-impurity agent is charged in batches during charging, and after heating and smelting, after the de-impurity agent is melted to cover the surface of molten copper, a reducing agent is injected into the molten copper through a pressure nozzle, so that the internal fluidity of the molten copper can be increased, the overall oxygen content of the melt can be reduced, and inclusions can float up; at the same time, because the borax in the surface de-impurity agent is completely melted to cover the surface and isolated from air contact, the effect of reducing the oxygen content and improving the reduction effect can be achieved.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. Among the raw materials of the slag remover for copper-nickel-silicon alloy smelting provided by the present invention, anhydrous borax is produced by the applicant itself and does not need to be purchased. The composition of the slag remover is simple and the cost is low;

[0028] 2. The slag remover for copper-nickel-silicon alloy provided by the present invention can achieve the maximum slag removal effect while ensuring the quality of the melt, reduce the generation of slag and slag hanging on the wall, and reduce the work intensity of workers in removing slag.

[0029] 3. Improve the quality of ingot production.

[0030] 4. Promote continuous production on site, reduce the probability of blockage in the three-way flow pipe casting, and avoid slag hanging on the furnace wall causing the effective volume in the furnace to decrease. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] A slag remover for copper-nickel-silicon alloy smelting, comprising a de-doping agent and a reducing agent; the de-doping agent comprises Na2CO3, NaF and anhydrous Na2B4O7 in a mass ratio of 30:20:50; the reducing agent comprises Mg and anhydrous Na2B4O7 in a mass ratio of 1:19.

[0034] The preparation method of the reducing agent is as follows: Mg is wrapped in anhydrous Na2B4O7, kept at 1000°C for 10 minutes, and then crushed after cooling in the furnace; the preparation method of the impurity remover is as follows: the raw materials of the formula amount are mixed and stirred evenly.

[0035] The slag remover in this embodiment is used to smelt the copper-nickel-silicon alloy of grade C19010, in which the weight percentage of Ni is 1.15-1.3%; the weight percentage of Si is 0.25-0.3%, and the content ratio of Ni to Si is 4.5-5.5; the specific smelting process is as follows:

[0036] 1) Charging: When charging the copper-nickel-silicon alloy raw material, after loading 1 / 3 of the raw material at the bottom of the furnace, add 1 / 2 of the amount of the impurity remover; then continue to load 1 / 3 of the raw material, add the remaining impurity remover, and finally load the remaining raw material; the amount of the impurity remover is 0.8kg / t copper liquid;

[0037] 2) Smelting: heating to 1220°C for 30 minutes, after the impurity remover melts and covers the surface of the copper liquid, injecting a reducing agent into the copper liquid with a pressure nozzle, stirring evenly, refining for 20 minutes, standing for 5 minutes, and removing impurities; the amount of the reducing agent is 0.3kg / t copper liquid;

[0038] 3) Alloying: After the copper water is melted, add 1 / 2 of the preheated phosphor copper at a temperature of 1200°C and stir. At a temperature of 1250°C, add the preheated zinc and copper-silicon master alloy and the remaining preheated phosphor copper and stir evenly. After the composition test is qualified, cover the surface of the melt with a heat preservation agent; and skim off the slag.

[0039] 4) Casting: The pouring temperature is 1180°C.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] A slag remover for copper-nickel-silicon alloy smelting, comprising a de-doping agent and a reducing agent; the de-doping agent comprises Na2CO3, NaF and anhydrous Na2B4O7 in a mass ratio of 33:15:52; the reducing agent comprises Mg and anhydrous Na2B4O7 in a mass ratio of 1:20.

[0042] The preparation method of the reducing agent is as follows: Mg is wrapped in anhydrous Na2B4O7, kept at 1030°C for 7 minutes, and then crushed after cooling in the furnace; the preparation method of the impurity remover is as follows: the raw materials in the formula amount are mixed and stirred evenly.

[0043] The slag remover in this embodiment is used to smelt the copper-nickel-silicon alloy of grade C19005, in which the weight percentage of Ni is 1.45-1.55%; the weight percentage of Si is 0.3-0.35%, and the content ratio of Ni to Si is 4.5-5.0; the specific smelting process is as follows:

[0044] 1) Charging: When charging the copper-nickel-silicon alloy raw material, after loading 1 / 3 of the raw material at the bottom of the furnace, add 1 / 2 of the amount of the impurity remover; then continue to load 1 / 3 of the raw material, add the remaining impurity remover, and finally load the remaining raw material; the amount of the impurity remover is 0.5kg / t copper liquid;

[0045] 2) Smelting: heating to 1230°C for 30 min, after the impurity remover melts and covers the surface of the copper liquid, injecting a reducing agent into the copper liquid with a pressure nozzle, stirring evenly, refining for 30 min, standing for 5 minutes, and removing impurities; the amount of the reducing agent is 0.5 kg / t copper liquid;

[0046] 3) Alloying: After the copper water is melted, add 1 / 2 of the preheated phosphor copper at a temperature of 1200°C and stir. At a temperature of 1200°C, add the preheated zinc and copper-silicon master alloy and the remaining preheated phosphor copper and stir evenly. After the composition test is qualified, cover the surface of the melt with a heat preservation agent; and skim off the slag.

[0047] 4) Casting: The pouring temperature is 1190°C.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] A slag remover for copper-nickel-silicon alloy smelting, comprising a de-doping agent and a reducing agent; the de-doping agent comprises Na2CO3, NaF and anhydrous Na2B4O7 in a mass ratio of 35:10:55; the reducing agent comprises Mg and anhydrous Na2B4O7 in a mass ratio of 1:16.

[0050] The preparation method of the reducing agent is as follows: Mg is wrapped in anhydrous Na2B4O7, kept at 1050°C for 5 minutes, and then crushed after cooling in the furnace; the preparation method of the impurity remover is as follows: the raw materials in the formula amount are mixed and stirred evenly.

[0051] The slag remover in this embodiment is used to smelt a copper-nickel-silicon alloy of grade C7025, in which the weight percentage of Ni is 2.8-3.2%; the weight percentage of Si is 0.6-0.7%, and the content ratio of Ni to Si is 4.5-5.0; the specific smelting process is as follows:

[0052] 1) Charging: When charging the copper-nickel-silicon alloy raw material, after loading 1 / 3 of the raw material at the bottom of the furnace, add 1 / 2 of the amount of the impurity remover; then continue to load 1 / 3 of the raw material, add the remaining impurity remover, and finally load the remaining raw material; the amount of the impurity remover is 1.0 kg / t copper liquid;

[0053] 2) Smelting: heating to 1260°C for 20 minutes, after the impurity remover melts and covers the surface of the copper liquid, injecting a reducing agent into the copper liquid with a pressure nozzle, stirring evenly, refining for 30 minutes, standing for 5 minutes, and removing impurities; the amount of the reducing agent is 0.3kg / t copper liquid;

[0054] 3) Alloying: After the copper water is melted, add 1 / 2 of the preheated phosphor copper at a temperature of 1200°C and stir. At a temperature of 1220°C, add the preheated zinc and copper-silicon master alloy and the remaining preheated phosphor copper and stir evenly. After the composition test is qualified, cover the surface of the melt with a heat preservation agent; and skim off the slag.

[0055] 4) Casting: The pouring temperature is 1200℃.

[0056] Comparative Example 1

[0057] This comparative example is used to smelt a copper-nickel-silicon alloy of grade C19010, wherein the weight percentage of Ni in the copper-nickel-silicon alloy of grade C19010 is 1.15-1.3%; the weight percentage of Si is 0.25-0.3%, and the content ratio of Ni to Si is 4.5-5.5; the specific smelting process is as follows:

[0058] 1) Charging: When charging copper-nickel-silicon alloy raw materials, load 1 / 3 of the raw materials into the bottom of the furnace and continue to load the remaining raw materials after they are melted;

[0059] 2) Melting: Heat to 1220℃ for 30min, let stand for 5min, and scrape;

[0060] 3) Alloying: After the copper water is melted, add 1 / 2 of the preheated phosphor copper at a temperature of 1200°C and stir. At a temperature of 1250°C, add the preheated zinc and copper-silicon master alloy and the remaining preheated phosphor copper and stir evenly. After the composition test is qualified, cover the surface of the melt with a heat preservation agent; and skim off the slag.

[0061] 4) Casting: The pouring temperature is 1180°C.

[0062] The slag removal conditions in the above-mentioned embodiments and comparative examples are shown in Table 1.

[0063] Table 1

[0064]

[0065] In the table: visible copper refers to the unmelted copper particles that can be recycled after slag removal; copper ash refers to the slag that cannot be recycled after screening and can only be sold. It contains 15%-40% copper, resulting in a large loss.

[0066] From the above, it can be seen that the technical solution of the present invention can significantly reduce the generation of slag. According to the calculation of producing 10t ingot blanks in a single furnace, the slag production in Example 1 is reduced from 3.262% to 2.51% relative to Comparative Example 1, and the effect is quite obvious, and there are no quality problems in subsequent production. The blockage problem of the three-way flow pipe is significantly alleviated, and the replacement time is extended from one furnace per furnace to one furnace per two furnaces.

[0067] The detailed description of a slag remover for copper-nickel-silicon alloy smelting and a copper-nickel-silicon alloy smelting method with reference to the above-mentioned embodiments is illustrative rather than restrictive, and several embodiments can be listed according to the limited scope. Therefore, changes and modifications without departing from the overall concept of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A slag remover for copper-nickel-silicon alloy smelting, characterized in that: The deslagging agent for copper-nickel-silicon alloy smelting comprises a de-impurity agent and a reducing agent; The impurity remover is composed of Na2CO3, NaF and anhydrous Na2B4O7 in a mass ratio of 30-35:10-20:50-55; The reducing agent is composed of Mg and anhydrous Na2B4O7 in a mass ratio of 1:15-20.

2. The slag remover for copper-nickel-silicon alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the reducing agent is as follows: Mg is wrapped in anhydrous Na2B4O7, kept at 1000-1050°C for 5-10 minutes, and then crushed after cooling in the furnace.

3. The slag remover for copper-nickel-silicon alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dosage of the impurity remover is 0.5-1.0 kg / t copper liquid.

4. The deslagging agent for copper-nickel-silicon alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dosage of the reducing agent is 0.3-0.5 kg / t copper liquid.

5. A method for smelting copper-nickel-silicon alloy, characterized in that: The smelting method comprises the following steps: 1) Charging: When charging the copper-nickel-silicon alloy raw materials, after loading 1 / 3 of the raw materials at the bottom of the furnace, add 1 / 2 of the amount of the impurity remover; then continue to load 1 / 3 of the raw materials, add the remaining impurity remover, and finally load the remaining raw materials; 2) Smelting: Heat and heat up to smelt. After the impurity remover melts and covers the surface of the copper liquid, inject the reducing agent into the copper liquid with a pressure nozzle, stir evenly, refine for 20 to 30 minutes, let it stand for 5 minutes, and remove impurities; 3) Alloying: After the copper water is melted, add 1 / 2 of the preheated phosphor copper at a temperature of 1200°C and stir. At a temperature of 1200-1250°C, add the preheated zinc and copper-silicon master alloy and the remaining preheated phosphor copper and stir evenly. After the composition test is qualified, cover the surface of the melt with a heat preservation agent; and skim off the slag. 4) Casting.

6. The smelting method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 1), the smelting condition is smelting at 1220-1260° C. for 20-40 min.

7. The smelting method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 4), the pouring temperature is 1180-1200°C.

8. The smelting method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the copper-nickel-silicon alloy, the weight percentage of Ni is 0.5-4.5%; the weight percentage of Si is 0.15-1.5%.

9. The smelting method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the copper-nickel-silicon alloy, the content ratio of Ni to Si is 4.5-5.5.

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