A bearing preload mechanism for a high-temperature silk-forming machine

Abstract

This invention discloses a bearing preload mechanism for a high-temperature silk-forming machine, relating to the technical field of high-temperature silk-forming machines. It includes a main body with an infeed chamber and a retraction chamber. The main body comprises a housing and a main shaft. A hydraulic cylinder is housed within the housing, and a bearing seat is threadedly connected to the right side of the hydraulic cylinder. This invention features a first preload mechanism that can adjust the preload of the second bearing according to different operating or shutdown conditions. This mechanism provides only the necessary minimum preload to the bearing when the equipment is stopped, thereby preventing bearing fatigue damage, extending bearing service life, and extending the bearing maintenance and replacement cycle. Furthermore, this invention features a third preload mechanism that can adjust the preload of both the first and third bearings at any time. This mechanism can adjust the bearing preload according to conditions and also provide the minimum required preload to the bearing through a mechanical structure when the equipment is stopped, preventing bearing fatigue damage, extending bearing service life, and extending the bearing maintenance and replacement cycle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-temperature silk-forming machine technology, and in particular to a bearing preload mechanism for a high-temperature silk-forming machine. Background Technology

[0002] The paper industry is a vital basic raw material industry closely related to national economic development and human civilization. High-temperature fiberizing machines are commonly used equipment in the paper industry. During operation, the grinding chamber maintains high temperature and pressure. Therefore, bearings bear not only radial loads but also significant axial loads. Thus, spherical roller bearings are frequently used in high-temperature fiberizing. Spherical roller thrust bearings are separable bearings; the inner ring, outer ring, cage, and roller assembly can all be installed independently. The installation accuracy and axial preload of spherical roller thrust bearings affect their accuracy, lifespan, and performance. During high-speed or high-acceleration operation, spherical roller thrust bearings require a certain axial preload to ensure proper operation. Insufficient preload or inadequate fit can lead to abnormal wear or even bearing failure.

[0003] Currently used bearing preload devices are often simple in structure and have limited function. They cannot adjust the axial preload of the bearing according to the working conditions. The equipment still bears a large axial preload during shutdown. Over time, the bearing is prone to fatigue, which can reduce the bearing's service life and shorten the bearing maintenance and replacement cycle. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problem that commonly used bearing preload devices often have simple structures and limited functions, making it impossible to adjust the axial preload of the bearing according to the working conditions, and causing the equipment to continue to bear a large axial preload during shutdown, which can lead to bearing fatigue over time, thus reducing the bearing's service life and shortening the bearing maintenance and replacement cycle, this invention provides a bearing preload mechanism for a high-temperature filamentation machine.

[0005] This invention provides a bearing preload mechanism for a high-temperature filamentation machine, employing the following technical solution:

[0006] A bearing preload mechanism for a high-temperature filamentation machine includes a main body with an infeed chamber and an outfeed chamber. The main body includes a housing and a main shaft. A hydraulic cylinder is disposed within the housing. A bearing seat is threadedly connected to the right side of the hydraulic cylinder. A first bearing is disposed on the inner side of the right end of the bearing seat, and a second bearing is disposed on the inner side of the left end of the bearing seat. A main preload mechanism is disposed on the inner side of the right end of the hydraulic cylinder, and is located to the left of the second bearing. A third bearing is disposed to the left of the main preload mechanism. The main shaft passes through the third bearing, the main preload mechanism, the second bearing, and the first bearing sequentially from left to right. A plurality of first preload mechanisms for adjusting the preload force of the second bearing are disposed on the right side of the main preload mechanism, and a plurality of second preload mechanisms for adjusting the preload force of the first bearing and a plurality of third preload mechanisms for adjusting the preload force of the third bearing are disposed on the left side of the main preload mechanism.

[0007] Optionally, in the bearing pre-tightening mechanism of the above-mentioned high-temperature filamentation machine, the main pre-tightening mechanism includes a rear pressure cover, which is threadedly connected to a hydraulic cylinder. A piston seat is threadedly connected to the right side of the rear pressure cover, and a disc spring seat is threadedly connected to the right side of the piston seat. A front pressure cover is threadedly connected to the right side of the disc spring seat. The front pressure cover has several first stepped holes corresponding to the first pre-tightening mechanism. The first pre-tightening mechanism is located in the first stepped holes and slides in cooperation with the inner wall of the first stepped holes.

[0008] Optionally, in the bearing pre-tightening mechanism of the above-mentioned high-temperature filamentation machine, a first pressure chamber is provided on the left side of the first pre-tightening mechanism, and a first pressure relief chamber is provided on the right side of the first pre-tightening mechanism. The first pre-tightening mechanism includes a plunger shell. The plunger shell cooperates with the first pressure relief chamber and the first pressure chamber to allow the plunger shell to move left and right. A first retaining ring and a first central rod are provided inside the plunger shell. The first central rod is movably disposed inside the plunger shell. A third stepped groove is provided inside the plunger shell. A first groove is provided on the left side of the third stepped groove. The first retaining ring is located in the first groove. A first step is provided on the first central rod. A second groove is provided at the left end of the first central rod. A second retaining ring is provided on the second groove. A first pressure ring is provided on the right side of the second retaining ring. The left end of the first pressure ring abuts against the right side of the third stepped groove. A plurality of first disc springs are provided between the first pressure ring and the first step.

[0009] Optionally, in the bearing preload mechanism of the above-mentioned high-temperature filamentation machine, the second bearing includes a second outer ring, which abuts against the right end of the first central rod. The plunger housing, the first central rod, the first pressure ring, and the first disc spring cooperate to form a first preload mechanism for adjusting the preload force of the second bearing.

[0010] Optionally, in the bearing pre-tightening mechanism of the above-mentioned high-temperature filamentation machine, the right end of the disc spring seat is provided with a first oil hole corresponding to the number of the first pre-tightening mechanisms. The first oil hole is connected to the first pressurizing chamber. The outer side of the disc spring seat is provided with a first oil groove. The disc spring seat is provided with a plurality of first connecting holes. The first oil hole and the first oil groove are connected through the first connecting holes. The hydraulic cylinder is provided with a first oil inlet hole. The first oil groove is connected to the feed chamber through the first oil inlet hole. The outer side of the front pressure cover is provided with a second oil groove. The front pressure cover is provided with a number of second connecting holes corresponding to the number of the first pressure relief chambers. The second oil groove is connected to the first pressure relief chamber through the second connecting holes. The hydraulic cylinder is provided with a plurality of third connecting holes. The retraction chamber is connected to the second oil groove through the third connecting holes.

[0011] Optionally, in the bearing pre-tightening mechanism of the high-temperature filamentation machine described above, the right end of the rear pressure cover is provided with a number of first stepped grooves corresponding to the number of second pre-tightening mechanisms. The second pre-tightening mechanism is disposed in the first stepped groove. The second pre-tightening mechanism includes a second central rod, on which a second step is provided. A third groove is provided at the rear end of the second central rod. A third retaining ring is disposed in the third groove. A second pressure ring is disposed on the left side of the third retaining ring. The right end of the second pressure ring abuts against the left side of the first stepped groove. A plurality of second disc springs are disposed between the second pressure ring and the second step. The third bearing includes a third outer ring. The right end of the second central rod abuts against the third outer ring. The second central rod, the second disc springs, the second pressure ring, and the first stepped groove cooperate to form a second pre-tightening mechanism for adjusting the pre-tightening force of the third bearing.

[0012] Optionally, in the bearing preload mechanism of the above-mentioned high-temperature filamentation machine, the left end of the disc spring seat is provided with a plurality of second stepped grooves, and the piston seat is provided with a number of second stepped holes corresponding to the number of second stepped grooves. The second stepped grooves and the second stepped holes cooperate to form a disc spring cavity. A plurality of third preload mechanisms are respectively arranged in a plurality of disc spring cavities. The third preload mechanism includes a third central rod. The left end of the third central rod abuts against the right end of the third outer ring. The third central rod is provided with a third step and a fourth step. The right end of the third central rod is provided with a fourth groove. A fourth retaining ring is provided in the fourth groove. A third pressure ring is provided on the left side of the fourth retaining ring. The right end of the third pressure ring abuts against the left side of the second stepped hole. A plurality of third disc springs are provided between the third pressure ring and the fourth step.

[0013] The piston seat has a piston chamber that communicates with the second stepped hole. A piston ring is movably disposed in the piston chamber. The piston ring has a circular hole for the passage of the third center rod. The piston ring is fixedly sleeved on the third center rod. A second pressurizing chamber is located on the left side of the piston ring, and a second depressurizing chamber is located on the right side of the piston ring. The second pressurizing chamber, the second depressurizing chamber, the piston ring, and the third center rod cooperate to allow the piston ring to move left and right. The piston seat has a vent hole that communicates with the right end of the piston chamber, and the other end of the vent hole passes through the piston seat.

[0014] Optionally, in the bearing pre-tightening mechanism of the above-mentioned high-temperature filamentation machine, a third oil groove is provided on the outer side of the piston seat, and a plurality of fourth connecting holes are provided on the piston seat. The third oil groove is connected to the second pressure relief chamber through the fourth connecting holes. A first oil filling hole and a second oil filling hole are provided on the hydraulic cylinder. One end of the third oil groove is connected to the first oil filling hole. A fifth connecting hole is provided on the rear pressure cover. The second pressure chamber is connected to the second oil filling hole through the fifth connecting hole.

[0015] Optionally, in the bearing pre-tightening mechanism of the high-temperature filamentation machine described above, a first sealing groove is provided at the left end of the plunger housing, and a first sealing element is provided on the first sealing groove. A plurality of second sealing grooves corresponding to the number of first stepped holes are provided at the left end of the front pressure cover. The second sealing grooves are located outside the first stepped holes, and a second sealing element is provided on the second sealing grooves. The first sealing element and the second sealing element cooperate to form a sealing structure for sealing the first pressurization chamber. A third sealing groove is provided at the right end of the plunger housing, and a third sealing element is provided on the third sealing groove. The third sealing element and the first sealing element cooperate to form a sealing structure for sealing the first pressure relief chamber.

[0016] The piston ring has a fourth sealing groove and a fifth sealing groove on its left end. The fourth sealing groove is located on the inner side of the piston ring, and the fifth sealing groove is located on the outer side of the piston ring. A fourth sealing element is provided on the fourth sealing groove, and a fifth sealing element is provided on the fifth sealing groove. The rear pressure cap has a sixth sealing groove and a seventh sealing groove on its right end. The sixth sealing groove is located on the outer side of the piston cavity, and the seventh sealing groove is located on the inner side of the piston cavity. A sixth sealing element is provided on the sixth sealing groove, and a seventh sealing element is provided on the seventh sealing groove. An eleventh sealing groove is located in the middle of the third center rod, and an eleventh sealing element is provided on the eleventh sealing groove. A twelfth sealing groove is located at the left end of the third center rod, and a twelfth sealing element is provided on the twelfth sealing groove. The fourth, fifth, seventh, eleventh, and sixth sealing elements cooperate to form a sealing structure for sealing the second pressurization chamber.

[0017] The piston seat is provided with an eighth sealing groove and a ninth sealing groove. The eighth sealing groove is located on the outside of the piston cavity and communicates with the piston cavity. The ninth sealing groove is located on the inside of the piston cavity and communicates with the piston cavity. An eighth sealing element is provided on the eighth sealing groove and a ninth sealing element is provided on the ninth sealing groove. The fourth sealing element, the fifth sealing element, the eighth sealing element and the ninth sealing element cooperate to form a sealing structure for sealing the second pressure relief chamber.

[0018] The first oil groove, the second oil groove, and the third oil groove are provided with a tenth sealing groove on both the left and right sides. A tenth sealing element is provided on the tenth sealing groove. A thirteenth sealing groove is provided on the left end of the rear pressure cover. The thirteenth sealing groove is located on the outer side of the left end of the fifth connecting hole. A thirteenth sealing element is provided on the thirteenth sealing groove.

[0019] Optionally, in the bearing pre-tightening mechanism of the above-mentioned high-temperature filamentation machine, the piston ring is provided with several connecting holes, the third center rod is provided with a locking nut and a locking washer, the locking nut is connected to the threaded surface of the third center rod, and the locking nut, locking washer and third center rod cooperate to form a fixing structure for fixing the third center rod and piston ring. The right end of the rear pressure cover is provided with two annular grooves and several radial grooves. The annular grooves are located in the piston cavity, and the two ends of the radial grooves are respectively connected to the two annular grooves.

[0020] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The present invention has a first preload mechanism that can adjust the preload of the second bearing according to different conditions of operation or shutdown. It can provide only the necessary minimum preload to the bearing when the equipment is stopped, thereby preventing bearing fatigue damage, extending bearing service life, and extending the bearing maintenance and replacement cycle.

[0022] The present invention has a third preload mechanism that can adjust the preload of the first and third bearings at any time. The bearing preload can be adjusted according to the situation, and the mechanical structure can also provide the minimum preload required by the bearing when the equipment is stopped, so as to prevent bearing fatigue damage, extend bearing service life, and extend the bearing maintenance and replacement cycle.

[0023] This invention features a rationally distributed hydraulic oil passage, which enables more stable and uniform pressurization. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0026] Figure 3This is a cross-sectional view of the main structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at point B.

[0028] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at point C.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the annular groove and radial groove on the rear cover of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Main body; 2. Main preload mechanism; 3. Spindle; 4. Housing; 5. Hydraulic cylinder; 6. Bearing seat; 7. First bearing; 8. Second bearing; 9. Third bearing; 10. First preload mechanism; 11. Second preload mechanism; 12. Third preload mechanism; 15. Feed chamber; 16. Retract chamber; 17. Rear pressure cover; 18. Piston seat; 19. Disc spring seat; 20. Front pressure cover; 21. Third center rod; 22. First pressure chamber; 3. First pressure relief chamber; 24. Plunger housing; 25. First retaining ring; 26. First center rod; 27. First step; 28. Second retaining ring; 29. ​​First pressure ring; 30. First disc spring; 31. First oil hole; 32. First oil groove; 33. First connecting hole; 34. First oil inlet; 35. Second connecting hole; 36. Third connecting hole; 38. Second center rod; 39. Second step; 40. Third retaining ring; 41. Second pressure ring; 42. 43. Second disc spring; 44. Third outer ring; 45. Third step; 46. Fourth step; 47. Fourth retaining ring; 48. Third pressure ring; 49. Third disc spring; 50. Piston ring; 51. Second pressure chamber; 52. Second pressure relief chamber; 53. Vent hole; 54. Third oil groove; 55. Fourth connecting hole; 56. First oil filling hole; 57. Fifth connecting hole; 58. Second oil filling hole; 59. First seal; 60. Second seal; 61. Third seal; 62. Fourth seal; 63. Fifth seal; 64. Sixth seal; 65. Eighth seal; 66. Ninth seal; 67. Tenth seal; 68. Second outer ring; 69. Second oil groove; 70. Seventh seal; 71. Thirteenth seal; 72. Eleventh seal; 73. Twelfth seal; 74. Connecting hole; 75. Locking nut; 76. Locking washer; 77. Annular groove; 78. Radial groove. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-6 The present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0032] Please refer to the attached diagram in the instruction manual. Figure 1-6An embodiment of the present invention provides a bearing pre-tightening mechanism for a high-temperature filamentation machine, comprising a main body 1, with an infeed chamber 15 and a retraction chamber 16. The main body 1 includes a housing 4 and a main shaft 3. A hydraulic cylinder 5 is disposed inside the housing 4, and the hydraulic cylinder 5 can move left and right within the housing 4. A bearing seat 6 is threadedly connected to the right side of the hydraulic cylinder 5. A first bearing 7 is disposed on the inner side of the right end of the bearing seat 6, and a second bearing 8 is disposed on the inner side of the left end of the bearing seat 6. A main pre-tightening mechanism 2 is disposed on the inner side of the right end of the hydraulic cylinder 5, and is disposed to the left of the second bearing 8. A third bearing 9 is disposed to the left of the main pre-tightening mechanism 2. The main shaft 3 passes through the third bearing 9, the main pre-tightening mechanism 2, the second bearing 8, and the first bearing 7 sequentially from left to right. A plurality of first pre-tightening mechanisms 10 for adjusting the pre-tightening force of the second bearing 8 are disposed on the right side of the main pre-tightening mechanism 2. The first pre-tightening mechanisms 10 can reduce the pre-tightening force of the second bearing 8 when the equipment is stopped, and can provide sufficient pre-tightening force to the second bearing 8 when the equipment is running.

[0033] The main pre-tightening mechanism 2 includes a rear pressure cover 17, which is threadedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder 5. A piston seat 18 is threadedly connected to the right side of the rear pressure cover 17, and a disc spring seat 19 is threadedly connected to the right side of the piston seat 18. A front pressure cover 20 is threadedly connected to the right side of the disc spring seat 19. The front pressure cover 20 has several first stepped holes corresponding to the first pre-tightening mechanism 10. The first pre-tightening mechanism 10 is located in the first stepped holes and slides in cooperation with the inner wall of the first stepped holes. The first pre-tightening mechanism 10 can slide left and right in the corresponding first stepped holes.

[0034] The first pre-tightening mechanism 10 has a first pressurizing chamber 22 on its left side and a first pressure relief chamber 23 on its right side. The first pre-tightening mechanism 10 includes a plunger housing 24. The plunger housing 24 cooperates with the first pressure relief chamber 23 and the first pressurizing chamber 22 to allow the plunger housing 24 to move left and right. A first retaining ring 25 and a first central rod 26 are provided inside the plunger housing 24. The first central rod 26 is movably disposed inside the plunger housing 24. A third stepped groove is provided inside the plunger housing 24. A first groove is provided on the left side of the third stepped groove. The first retaining ring 25 is located in the first groove. A first step 27 is provided on the first central rod 26. A second groove is provided at the left end of the first central rod 26. A second retaining ring 28 is provided on the second groove. A first pressure ring 29 is provided on the right side of the second retaining ring 28. The left end of the first pressure ring 29 abuts against the right side of the third stepped groove. Several first disc springs 30 are provided between the first pressure ring 29 and the first step 27.

[0035] The second bearing 8 includes a second outer ring 67, which abuts against the right end of the first central rod 26. The plunger housing 24, the first central rod 26, the first pressure ring 29, and the first disc spring 30 cooperate to form a first preload mechanism 10 for adjusting the preload of the second bearing 8. When oil enters the first pressurizing chamber 22 and exits the first depressurizing chamber 23, the plunger housing 24 moves to the right, thereby causing the first pressure ring 29 to move to the right. The right end face of the first central rod 26 contacts the left end face of the second outer ring 67, so the first central rod 26 and the first step 27 remain stationary. This reduces the distance between the first step 27 and the first pressure ring 29, thus compressing the first disc spring 30. The first disc spring 30 then has a recovery function. The tendency to return to the original state increases the preload of the first center rod 26 on the second bearing 8. Similarly, when oil is discharged from the first pressure chamber 22 and oil is introduced into the first pressure relief chamber 23, the plunger shell 24 will move to the left. The first disc spring 30 releases its elastic potential energy and deforms towards returning to its original state, thereby driving the first pressure ring 29 to move to the left. The right end face of the first center rod 26 contacts the left end face of the second outer ring 67, so the first center rod 26 and the first step 27 remain stationary. This increases the distance between the first step 27 and the first pressure ring 29, causing the first disc spring 30 to release some of its elastic potential energy. Consequently, the preload of the first center rod 26 on the second bearing 8 decreases, providing only the minimum preload of the bearing.

[0036] The right end of the disc spring seat 19 is provided with a first oil hole 31 corresponding to the number of the first pre-tightening mechanism 10. The first oil hole 31 is connected to the first pressurizing chamber 22. The outer side of the disc spring seat 19 is provided with a first oil groove 32. The disc spring seat 19 is provided with a number of first connecting holes 33. The first oil hole 31 and the first oil groove 32 are connected through the first connecting holes 33. The hydraulic cylinder 5 is provided with a first oil inlet hole 34. The first oil groove 32 is connected to the feed chamber 15 through the first oil inlet hole 34. The outer side of the front pressure cover 20 is provided with a second oil groove 68. The front pressure cover 20 is provided with a number of second connecting holes 35 corresponding to the number of the first pressure relief chamber 23. The second oil groove 68 is connected to the first pressure relief chamber 23 through the second connecting holes 35. The hydraulic cylinder 5 is provided with a number of third connecting holes 36. The retraction chamber 16 is connected to the second oil groove 68 through the third connecting holes 36.

[0037] When the equipment is started, hydraulic oil enters the feed chamber 15 and the pressure increases, while hydraulic oil flows out of the retraction chamber 16 and the pressure decreases. This allows hydraulic oil to enter the first oil groove 32 from the first oil inlet 34. The first connecting holes 33 are evenly distributed around the circumference, allowing the hydraulic oil to flow evenly into the first oil hole 31 through the first connecting holes 33. This allows the lubricating oil to flow evenly into the corresponding first pressurization chamber 22. Meanwhile, the lubricating oil in the first pressure relief chamber 23 can flow into the second oil groove 68 through the second connecting hole 35 and then through the evenly distributed third connecting holes 36. The oil flows back into the retraction chamber 16, thus uniformly pressurizing the first pressurizing chamber 22 and uniformly releasing oil from the first depressurizing chamber 23. When the equipment needs to be stopped, hydraulic oil enters the retraction chamber 16, increasing the pressure, while the hydraulic oil flowing out of the infeed chamber 15 decreases in pressure. Similarly, oil can exit the first pressurizing chamber 22 and enter the first depressurizing chamber 23. This allows the second bearing 8 to be provided with appropriate preload according to the actual situation during equipment operation, preventing the bearing from bearing large loads for a long time, thereby improving the bearing's service life and extending the maintenance and replacement cycle.

[0038] On the left side of the main preload mechanism 2, there are several second preload mechanisms 11 for adjusting the preload of the first bearing 7 and several third preload mechanisms 12 for adjusting the preload of the third bearing 9. The second preload mechanisms 11 and the third preload mechanisms 12 can adjust the preload of the first bearing 7 and the third bearing 9 as needed.

[0039] The right end of the rear pressure cover 17 has a number of first stepped grooves corresponding to the number of second pre-tightening mechanisms 11. The second pre-tightening mechanism 11 is disposed in the first stepped groove. The second pre-tightening mechanism 11 includes a second central rod 38, a second step 39 is provided on the second central rod 38, and a third groove is provided at the rear end of the second central rod 38. A third retaining ring 40 is disposed in the third groove, and a second pressure ring 41 is disposed on the left side of the third retaining ring 40. The right end of the second pressure ring 41 abuts against the left side of the first stepped groove. Several second disc springs are disposed between the second pressure ring 41 and the second step 39. 42. The third bearing 9 includes a third outer ring 43. The right end of the second center rod 38 abuts against the third outer ring 43. The second center rod 38, the second disc spring 42, the second pressure ring 41 and the first stepped groove cooperate to form a second preload mechanism 11 for adjusting the preload of the third bearing 9. The second center rod 38 will have a certain interference fit with the right end face of the third bearing 9. After the third bearing 9 is installed, the second center rod 38 will move to the right, while the second pressure ring 41 will remain stationary. The second disc spring 42 will be compressed, so that the second center rod 38 can provide a certain preload for the third bearing 9.

[0040] The left end of the disc spring seat 19 is provided with several second stepped grooves, and the piston seat 18 is provided with a number of second stepped holes corresponding to the number of second stepped grooves. The second stepped grooves and second stepped holes cooperate to form a disc spring cavity. Several third pre-tightening mechanisms 12 are respectively arranged in several disc spring cavities. The third pre-tightening mechanism 12 includes a third center rod 21. The left end of the third center rod 21 abuts against the right end of the third outer ring 43. The third center rod 21 is provided with a third step 44 and a fourth step 45. The right end of the third center rod 21 is provided with a fourth groove. A fourth retaining ring 46 is provided in the fourth groove. A third pressure ring 47 is provided on the left side of the fourth retaining ring 46. The right end of the third pressure ring 47 abuts against the left side of the second stepped hole. Several third disc springs 48 are provided between the third pressure ring 47 and the fourth step 45.

[0041] A piston chamber is provided on the piston seat 18, and the piston chamber is connected to the second stepped hole. A piston ring 49 is movably arranged in the piston chamber. A circular hole is provided on the piston ring 49 for the passage of the third center rod 21. The piston ring 49 is fixedly sleeved on the third center rod 21. A second pressurizing chamber 50 is provided on the left side of the piston ring 49, and a second pressure relief chamber 51 is provided on the right side of the piston ring 49. The second pressurizing chamber 50, the second pressure relief chamber 51, the piston ring 49 and the third center rod 21 cooperate to allow the piston ring 49 to move left and right. A vent hole 52 is provided on the piston seat 18. The vent hole 52 is connected to the right end of the piston chamber. The other end of the vent hole 52 passes through the piston seat 18, allowing gas to enter or flow out of the disc spring chamber, which facilitates the left and right sliding of the piston ring 49.

[0042] The third disc spring 48 on the third preload mechanism 12 is installed after compression. When hydraulic oil is not supplied, the third disc spring 48 has the tendency to release elastic potential energy to move the third center rod 21 to the left. The bearing, the third center rod 21, and the third bearing 9 are relatively stationary, so that the third center rod 21 provides a certain leftward thrust to the third bearing 9, which is the preload required by the third bearing 9. At the same time, the third pressure ring 47 also has the tendency to push the main preload mechanism 2 to the right. The main preload mechanism 2 is threadedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder 5 through the rear pressure cover 17, so that the hydraulic cylinder 5 has the tendency to move to the right. The hydraulic cylinder 5 can then provide a rightward force to the bearing seat 6, thereby providing the minimum preload required for the first bearing 7.

[0043] When hydraulic oil is introduced into the second pressurizing chamber 50 and the second pressure relief chamber 51, the pressure inside the second pressure relief chamber 51 increases, thus the thrust of the third center rod 21 to the left is mainly provided by hydraulic pressure. At this time, the reaction force of the third bearing 9 on the third center rod 21 can provide preload for the first bearing 7. The pressure of the second pressure relief chamber 51 can be adjusted according to the working conditions, thereby adjusting the preload of the first bearing 7 and the third bearing 9 in real time. When installing the third bearing 9, hydraulic oil can be introduced into the second pressurizing chamber 50 to retract the third center rod 21. After installation, the pressure is slowly released, which facilitates the installation of the third bearing. If the hydraulic system fails, the third preload mechanism 12 can also provide the minimum preload required for emergency preload for the first bearing 7 and the third bearing 9, preventing the first bearing 7 and the third bearing 9 from losing preload and being worn or even damaged.

[0044] A third oil groove 53 is provided on the outer side of the piston seat 18. Several fourth connecting holes 54 are provided on the piston seat 18. The third oil groove 53 is connected to the second pressure relief chamber 51 through the fourth connecting holes 54. The hydraulic cylinder 5 is provided with a first oil filling hole 55 and a second oil filling hole 57. One end of the third oil groove 53 is connected to the first oil filling hole 55. The other end of the first oil filling hole 55 can be connected to a high-pressure oil pipe. Hydraulic oil can enter the third oil groove 53 from the first oil filling hole 55. The fourth connecting holes 54 are evenly distributed around the circumference and then evenly enter the second pressure relief chamber 51 from the fourth connecting holes 54.

[0045] The rear pressure cover 17 has a fifth connection hole 56. The second pressure chamber 50 and the second oil filling hole 57 are connected through the fifth connection hole 56. One end of the fifth connection hole 56 is connected to the second pressure chamber 50, and the other end of the fifth connection hole 56 is connected to the right end of the second oil filling hole 57. The other end of the second oil filling hole 57 can be connected to a high-pressure oil pipe. Hydraulic oil can enter the second pressure chamber 50 from the second oil filling hole 57 through the fifth connection hole 56.

[0046] The left end of the plunger housing 24 is provided with a first sealing groove, and a first sealing element 58 is provided on the first sealing groove. The left end of the front pressure cover 20 is provided with a number of second sealing grooves corresponding to the number of first stepped holes. The second sealing grooves are located outside the first stepped holes. A second sealing element 59 is provided on the second sealing groove. The first sealing element 58 and the second sealing element 59 cooperate to form a sealing structure for sealing the first pressure chamber 22. The right end of the plunger housing 24 is provided with a third sealing groove, and a third sealing element 60 is provided on the third sealing groove. The third sealing element 60 and the first sealing element 58 cooperate to form a sealing structure for sealing the first pressure relief chamber 23.

[0047] The piston ring 49 has a fourth sealing groove and a fifth sealing groove on its left end. The fourth sealing groove is located on the inner side of the piston ring 49, and the fifth sealing groove is located on the outer side of the piston ring 49. A fourth sealing element 61 is provided on the fourth sealing groove, and a fifth sealing element 62 is provided on the fifth sealing groove. The rear pressure cover 17 has a sixth sealing groove and a seventh sealing groove on its right end. The sixth sealing groove is located on the outer side of the piston cavity, and the seventh sealing groove is located on the inner side of the piston cavity. A sixth sealing element 63 is provided on the sixth sealing groove, and a seventh sealing element 69 is provided on the seventh sealing groove. An eleventh sealing groove is provided in the middle of the third center rod 21, and an eleventh sealing element 71 is provided on the eleventh sealing groove. A twelfth sealing groove is provided on the left end of the third center rod 21, and a twelfth sealing element 72 is provided on the twelfth sealing groove. The fourth sealing element 61, the fifth sealing element 62, the seventh sealing element 69, the eleventh sealing element 71, the eleventh sealing element 71, and the sixth sealing element 63 cooperate to form a sealing structure for sealing the second pressure chamber 50.

[0048] The piston seat 18 is provided with an eighth sealing groove and a ninth sealing groove. The eighth sealing groove is located on the outside of the piston cavity and communicates with the piston cavity. The ninth sealing groove is located on the inside of the piston cavity and communicates with the piston cavity. An eighth sealing element 64 is provided on the eighth sealing groove and a ninth sealing element 65 is provided on the ninth sealing groove. The fourth sealing element 61, the fifth sealing element 62, the eighth sealing element 64 and the ninth sealing element 65 cooperate to form a sealing structure for sealing the second pressure relief chamber 51.

[0049] The first oil groove 32, the second oil groove 68 and the third oil groove 53 are all provided with a tenth sealing groove on both the left and right sides. A tenth sealing element 66 is provided on the tenth sealing groove. A thirteenth sealing groove is provided on the left end of the rear pressure cover 17. The thirteenth sealing groove is located on the outer side of the left end of the fifth connecting hole 56. A thirteenth sealing element 70 is provided on the thirteenth sealing groove, so as to prevent the leakage of hydraulic oil and maintain the oil pressure of hydraulic oil.

[0050] The piston ring 49 has several connecting holes 73, which are evenly distributed around the circumference. The hydraulic oil will first enter the outer cavity of the second pressure relief chamber 51 through the evenly distributed fourth connecting hole 54. The inner and outer cavities are pressurized together, which can make the hydraulic oil provide a more stable and uniform leftward thrust to the piston ring 49. Then it enters the inner cavity of the second pressure relief chamber 51 through the connecting hole 73.

[0051] The third center rod 21 is provided with a locking nut 74 and a locking washer 75. The locking nut 74 is connected to the threaded surface of the third center rod 21. The locking nut 74, the locking washer 75 and the third center rod 21 cooperate to form a fixing structure for fixing the third center rod 21 and the piston ring 49. The right end of the rear pressure cover 17 is provided with two annular grooves 76 and several radial grooves 77. The hydraulic oil will first flow into the outermost annular groove 76, and then be evenly distributed through the oil groove network formed by the annular grooves 76 and the radial grooves 77, so that the hydraulic oil can enter the second pressure chamber 50 more smoothly and evenly, and the pressure can be more stable and even. The annular grooves 76 are located in the piston chamber, and the two ends of the radial grooves 77 are respectively connected to the two annular grooves 76.

[0052] Working principle: When using the bearing preload mechanism of this high-temperature filamentation machine, when oil enters the first pressure chamber 22 and exits the first pressure relief chamber 23, the plunger housing 24 moves to the right, thereby driving the first pressure ring 29 to move to the right. The right end face of the first center rod 26 contacts the left end face of the second outer ring 67, so the first center rod 26 and the first step 27 remain stationary. This reduces the distance between the first step 27 and the first pressure ring 29, compressing the first disc spring 30. The first disc spring 30 tends to return to its original shape, thus increasing the preload force of the first center rod 26 on the second bearing 8. Similarly... When oil is discharged from the first pressurizing chamber 22 and oil is discharged from the first depressurizing chamber 23, the plunger housing 24 will move to the left. The first disc spring 30 will release its elastic potential energy and deform towards its original shape, thereby driving the first pressure ring 29 to move to the left. The right end face of the first center rod 26 will contact the left end face of the second outer ring 67. Therefore, the first center rod 26 and the first step 27 will remain stationary, thereby increasing the distance between the first step 27 and the first pressure ring 29. This will cause the first disc spring 30 to release some of its elastic potential energy, thereby reducing the preload of the first center rod 26 on the second bearing 8, providing only the minimum preload of the bearing.

[0053] When the equipment is started, hydraulic oil enters the feed chamber 15 and the pressure increases, while hydraulic oil flows out of the retraction chamber 16 and the pressure decreases. This allows hydraulic oil to enter the first oil groove 32 from the first oil inlet 34. The first connecting holes 33 are evenly distributed around the circumference, allowing the hydraulic oil to flow evenly into the first oil hole 31 through the first connecting holes 33. This allows the lubricating oil to flow evenly back into the corresponding first pressurization chamber 22, while the lubricating oil in the first pressure relief chamber 23 can flow into the second oil groove 32 through the second connecting hole 35. The oil flows into the retraction chamber 16 through the circumferentially distributed third connecting holes 36 in the groove 68, thereby uniformly pressurizing the first pressurizing chamber 22 and uniformly releasing oil from the first depressurizing chamber 23. When the equipment needs to be stopped, hydraulic oil enters the retraction chamber 16, increasing the pressure, while the hydraulic oil flows out of the infeed chamber 15 with decreasing pressure. Similarly, oil can exit the first pressurizing chamber 22 and enter the first depressurizing chamber 23, thus providing a suitable preload force to the second bearing 8 according to the actual situation when the equipment is running.

[0054] Without hydraulic oil, the third disc spring 48 tends to release its elastic potential energy, causing the third center rod 21 to move to the left. Since the bearing, the third center rod 21, and the third bearing 9 are relatively stationary, the third center rod 21 provides a certain leftward thrust to the third bearing 9, which is the required preload force for the third bearing 9. Simultaneously, the third pressure ring 47 also tends to push the main preload mechanism 2 to the right. The main preload mechanism 2 is threadedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder 5 via the rear pressure cap 17, causing the hydraulic cylinder 5 to tend to move to the right. The hydraulic cylinder 5 can then provide a rightward force to the bearing seat 6, thereby providing the minimum required preload force to the first bearing 7. When hydraulic oil is introduced into the second pressurizing chamber 50 and the second pressure relief chamber 51, the second pressure relief chamber 51... Injecting hydraulic oil increases the pressure in the second pressure relief chamber 51, thus the thrust of the third center rod 21 to the left is mainly provided by hydraulic pressure. At this time, the reaction force of the third bearing 9 on the third center rod 21 can provide preload for the first bearing 7. The pressure of the second pressure relief chamber 51 can be adjusted according to the working conditions, thereby adjusting the preload of the first bearing 7 and the third bearing 9 in real time. When installing the third bearing 9, hydraulic oil can be introduced into the second pressure chamber 50 to retract the third center rod 21. After installation, the pressure is slowly released, which facilitates the installation of the third bearing. If the hydraulic system fails, the third preload mechanism 12 can also provide the minimum preload required for emergency preload for the first bearing 7 and the third bearing 9, preventing the first bearing 7 and the third bearing 9 from losing preload and being worn or even damaged.

[0055] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bearing preload mechanism for a high-temperature filamentation machine, comprising a main body (1), characterized in that: The main body (1) has an infeed chamber (15) and an outfeed chamber (16). The main body (1) includes a housing (4) and a spindle (3). A hydraulic cylinder (5) is installed inside the housing (4). A bearing seat (6) is threadedly connected to the right side of the hydraulic cylinder (5). A first bearing (7) is installed on the inner side of the right end of the bearing seat (6). A second bearing (8) is installed on the inner side of the left end of the bearing seat (6). A main preload mechanism (2) is installed on the inner side of the right end of the hydraulic cylinder (5). The main preload mechanism (2) is located to the left of the second bearing (8). A third bearing (9) is provided on the left side of the preload mechanism (2). The main shaft (3) passes through the third bearing (9), the main preload mechanism (2), the second bearing (8) and the first bearing (7) from left to right. A number of first preload mechanisms (10) for adjusting the preload of the second bearing (8) are provided on the right side of the main preload mechanism (2). A number of second preload mechanisms (11) for adjusting the preload of the first bearing (7) and a number of third preload mechanisms (12) for adjusting the preload of the third bearing (9) are provided on the left side of the main preload mechanism (2). The main pre-tightening mechanism (2) includes a rear pressure cover (17), which is threadedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder (5). A piston seat (18) is threadedly connected to the right side of the rear pressure cover (17), and a disc spring seat (19) is threadedly connected to the right side of the piston seat (18). A front pressure cover (20) is threadedly connected to the right side of the disc spring seat (19). The front pressure cover (20) has several first stepped holes corresponding to the first pre-tightening mechanism (10). The first pre-tightening mechanism (10) is located in the first stepped holes and slides in cooperation with the inner wall of the first stepped holes.

2. The bearing preload mechanism of the high-temperature filamentation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first pre-tightening mechanism (10) has a first pressurizing chamber (22) on its left side and a first pressure relief chamber (23) on its right side. The first pre-tightening mechanism (10) includes a plunger housing (24). The plunger housing (24) cooperates with the first pressure relief chamber (23) and the first pressurizing chamber (22) to allow the plunger housing (24) to move left and right. The plunger housing (24) is provided with a first retaining ring (25) and a first center rod (26). The first center rod (26) is movably disposed in the plunger housing (24). The plunger housing (24) has an opening There is a third stepped groove, and a first groove is provided on the left side of the third stepped groove. The first retaining ring (25) is located in the first groove. A first step (27) is provided on the first central rod (26). A second groove is provided on the left end of the first central rod (26). A second retaining ring (28) is provided on the second groove. A first pressure ring (29) is provided on the right side of the second retaining ring (28). The left end of the first pressure ring (29) abuts against the right side of the third stepped groove. Several first disc springs (30) are provided between the first pressure ring (29) and the first step (27).

3. The bearing preload mechanism of the high-temperature filamentation machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second bearing (8) includes a second outer ring (67), which abuts against the right end of the first center rod (26). The plunger housing (24), the first center rod (26), the first pressure ring (29), and the first disc spring (30) cooperate to form a first preload mechanism (10) for adjusting the preload of the second bearing (8).

4. The bearing preload mechanism of the high-temperature filamentation machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The right end of the disc spring seat (19) is provided with a first oil hole (31) corresponding to the number of the first pre-tightening mechanism (10). The first oil hole (31) is connected to the first pressurizing chamber (22). The outer side of the disc spring seat (19) is provided with a first oil groove (32). The disc spring seat (19) is provided with a plurality of first connecting holes (33). The first oil hole (31) and the first oil groove (32) are connected through the first connecting holes (33). The hydraulic cylinder (5) is provided with a first oil inlet hole (34). The first oil groove (34) is connected to the first oil groove (22). 2) The feed chamber (15) is connected to the feed chamber (15) through the first oil inlet (34). The front pressure cover (20) has a second oil groove (68) on its outer side. The front pressure cover (20) has a number of second connecting holes (35) corresponding to the number of the first pressure relief chamber (23). The second oil groove (68) is connected to the first pressure relief chamber (23) through the second connecting hole (35). The hydraulic cylinder (5) has a number of third connecting holes (36). The retraction chamber (16) is connected to the second oil groove (68) through the third connecting hole (36).

5. The bearing preload mechanism of the high-temperature filamentation machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The right end of the rear pressure cap (17) is provided with a number of first stepped grooves corresponding to the number of second pre-tightening mechanisms (11). The second pre-tightening mechanism (11) is disposed in the first stepped groove. The second pre-tightening mechanism (11) includes a second central rod (38). A second step (39) is provided on the second central rod (38). A third groove is provided at the rear end of the second central rod (38). A third retaining ring (40) is disposed in the third groove. A second pressure ring (41) is disposed on the left side of the third retaining ring (40). The right end of the second pressure ring (41) abuts against the left side of the first stepped groove. A plurality of second disc springs (42) are provided between the second pressure ring (41) and the second step (39). The third bearing (9) includes a third outer ring (43). The right end of the second center rod (38) abuts against the third outer ring (43). The second center rod (38), the second disc springs (42), the second pressure ring (41) and the first stepped groove cooperate to form a second preload mechanism (11) for adjusting the preload of the third bearing (9).

6. The bearing preload mechanism of the high-temperature filamentation machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The left end of the disc spring seat (19) is provided with several second stepped grooves, and the piston seat (18) is provided with a number of second stepped holes corresponding to the number of second stepped grooves. The second stepped grooves and the second stepped holes cooperate to form a disc spring cavity. Several third pre-tightening mechanisms (12) are respectively arranged in several disc spring cavities. The third pre-tightening mechanism (12) includes a third center rod (21). The left end of the third center rod (21) abuts against the right end of the third outer ring (43). The third center rod (21) is provided with a third step (44) and a fourth step (45). The right end of the third center rod (21) is provided with a fourth groove. A fourth retaining ring (46) is provided in the fourth groove. A third pressure ring (47) is provided on the left side of the fourth retaining ring (46). The right end of the third pressure ring (47) abuts against the left side of the second stepped hole. Several third disc springs (48) are provided between the third pressure ring (47) and the fourth step (45). The piston seat (18) has a piston chamber and is connected to the second stepped hole. A piston ring (49) is movably disposed in the piston chamber. The piston ring (49) has a circular hole for the passage of the third center rod (21). The piston ring (49) is fixedly sleeved on the third center rod (21). A second pressurizing chamber (50) is provided on the left side of the piston ring (49), and a second pressure relief chamber (51) is provided on the right side of the piston ring (49). The second pressurizing chamber (50), the second pressure relief chamber (51), the piston ring (49) and the third center rod (21) cooperate to allow the piston ring (49) to move left and right. A vent hole (52) is provided on the piston seat (18). The vent hole (52) is connected to the right end of the piston chamber, and the other end of the vent hole (52) passes through the piston seat (18).

7. The bearing preload mechanism of the high-temperature filamentation machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The piston seat (18) has a third oil groove (53) on its outer side and several fourth connecting holes (54) on its piston seat (18). The third oil groove (53) is connected to the second pressure relief chamber (51) through the fourth connecting holes (54). The hydraulic cylinder (5) has a first oil filling hole (55) and a second oil filling hole (57). The third oil groove (53) is connected to one end of the first oil filling hole (55). The rear pressure cover (17) has a fifth connecting hole (56). The second pressure chamber (50) is connected to the second oil filling hole (57) through the fifth connecting hole (56).

8. The bearing preload mechanism of the high-temperature filamentation machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The plunger housing (24) has a first sealing groove at its left end, and a first sealing element (58) is provided on the first sealing groove. The front pressure cover (20) has a plurality of second sealing grooves at its left end, the number of which corresponds to the number of the first stepped holes. The second sealing grooves are located outside the first stepped holes. A second sealing element (59) is provided on the second sealing groove. The first sealing element (58) and the second sealing element (59) cooperate to form a sealing structure for sealing the first pressurizing chamber (22). The plunger housing (24) has a third sealing groove at its right end, and a third sealing element (60) is provided on the third sealing groove. The third sealing element (60) and the first sealing element (58) cooperate to form a sealing structure for sealing the first pressure relief chamber (23). The piston ring (49) has a fourth sealing groove and a fifth sealing groove on its left end. The fourth sealing groove is located on the inner side of the piston ring (49), and the fifth sealing groove is located on the outer side of the piston ring (49). A fourth sealing element (61) is provided on the fourth sealing groove, and a fifth sealing element (62) is provided on the fifth sealing groove. The rear pressure cap (17) has a sixth sealing groove and a seventh sealing groove on its right end. The sixth sealing groove is located on the outer side of the piston cavity, and the seventh sealing groove is located on the inner side of the piston cavity. A sixth sealing element (63) is provided on the sixth sealing groove, and a fifth sealing element (64) is provided on the seventh sealing groove. A seventh sealing element (69) is provided on the sealing groove, an eleventh sealing groove is provided in the middle of the third center rod (21), an eleventh sealing element (71) is provided on the eleventh sealing groove, a twelfth sealing groove is provided at the left end of the third center rod (21), a twelfth sealing groove is provided on the twelfth sealing groove, and a twelfth sealing element (72) is provided on the twelfth sealing groove. The fourth sealing element (61), the fifth sealing element (62), the seventh sealing element (69), the eleventh sealing element (71), the eleventh sealing element (71) and the sixth sealing element (63) cooperate to form a sealing structure for sealing the second pressurized chamber (50); The piston seat (18) is provided with an eighth sealing groove and a ninth sealing groove. The eighth sealing groove is located on the outside of the piston cavity and communicates with the piston cavity. The ninth sealing groove is located on the inside of the piston cavity and communicates with the piston cavity. An eighth sealing element (64) is provided on the eighth sealing groove. A ninth sealing element (65) is provided on the ninth sealing groove. The fourth sealing element (61), the fifth sealing element (62), the eighth sealing element (64) and the ninth sealing element (65) cooperate to form a sealing structure for sealing the second pressure relief chamber (51). The first oil groove (32), the second oil groove (68) and the third oil groove (53) are provided with a tenth sealing groove on both the left and right sides. The tenth sealing groove is provided with a tenth sealing element (66). The left end of the rear pressure cover (17) is provided with a thirteenth sealing groove. The thirteenth sealing groove is located outside the left end of the fifth connecting hole (56). The thirteenth sealing groove is provided with a thirteenth sealing element (70).

9. The bearing preload mechanism of the high-temperature filamentation machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The piston ring (49) has several connecting holes (73). The third center rod (21) is provided with a locking nut (74) and a locking washer (75). The locking nut (74) is connected to the threaded surface of the third center rod (21). The locking nut (74), the locking washer (75) and the third center rod (21) cooperate to form a fixing structure for fixing the third center rod (21) and the piston ring (49). The right end of the rear pressure cover (17) has two annular grooves (76) and several radial grooves (77). The annular grooves (76) are located in the piston cavity. The two ends of the radial grooves (77) are respectively connected to the two annular grooves (76).

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