Steam injection solar PVT-air source dual source heat pump cogeneration system

Abstract

The present invention relates to a steam-injected solar-PVT-air-source dual-source heat pump cogeneration system, which includes a refrigerant system, a hot water system, and a power supply system. The system is composed of a compressor, a one-way valve, a hot water heat exchanger, an electronic expansion valve 1, an electronic expansion valve 2, a PVT array, a fin heat exchanger, a three-way valve 1, a three-way valve 2, a steam ejector, a water pump, a DC converter, a municipal power grid, and an AC / DC inverter, and can achieve the synchronous output of heat energy and electrical energy. The system of the present invention matches solar energy and air energy of different qualities through dual evaporation temperatures, and can freely switch the system's main heat source and auxiliary heat source according to the heat source conditions of outdoor solar energy and air energy, thereby achieving the synchronous utilization of low-grade renewable energy sources such as solar energy and air energy, and the two complement each other, resulting in reliable and stable system energy supply. The system of the present invention is self-sufficient in electricity, energy-saving, efficient, green, low-carbon, low-cost, and has a high value for promotion and application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of solar photovoltaic-air energy heat pumps, and in particular to a steam injection type solar PVT-air source dual source heat pump cogeneration system. Technical Background

[0002] As a renewable energy source, solar energy has been widely used in numerous fields due to its vast reserves, stable distribution, green and clean energy, and diverse energy utilization technologies. In recent years, photovoltaic thermal (PVT) heat pump technology has integrated photovoltaic, solar thermal, and heat pump technologies. This approach reduces the surface temperature of photovoltaic cells and improves photovoltaic power generation efficiency, while also increasing the overall utilization rate of solar energy and achieving cogeneration. However, due to the significant periodicity, instability, and uneven energy density of solar energy, this technology's production capacity is unstable, making it difficult to achieve sustained and stable energy output, thus limiting its large-scale application. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore multi-source, stable, and efficient heat pump technology paths that complement the renewable energy of solar energy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to use renewable energy sources such as solar energy and air energy as the heat source of the system, and combine the jet refrigeration cycle with the vapor compression refrigeration cycle to achieve stable energy output of the system in an energy-saving, efficient, green and low-carbon manner.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a steam injection solar PVT-air source dual-source heat pump cogeneration system, the system comprising a refrigerant system, a hot water system, and a power supply system;

[0005] The refrigerant system mainly consists of a compressor 1, a one-way valve 2, a hot water heat exchanger 3, an electronic expansion valve 1 4, an electronic expansion valve 2 5, a PVT array 6, a finned heat exchanger 7, a three-way valve 1 8, a three-way valve 2 9, and a steam ejector 10. The outlet of the compressor 1 is sequentially connected to the one-way valve 2 and the hot water heat exchanger 3 and then split into two paths. One path is split into two paths again after passing through the electronic expansion valve 1 4 and the PVT array 6. One path is connected to the high-pressure inlet end of the steam ejector 10 through the three-way valve 1 8, and the other path is connected to the low-pressure inlet end of the steam ejector 10 through the three-way valve 2 9. The other path branched off from the hot water heat exchanger 3 is split into two paths again after passing through the electronic expansion valve 2 5 and the finned heat exchanger 7. One path is connected to the high-pressure inlet end of the steam ejector 10 through the three-way valve 1 8, and the other path is connected to the low-pressure inlet end of the steam ejector 10 through the three-way valve 2 9.

[0006] Compressor 1 types include rotor type, scroll type, and piston type;

[0007] The 3 types of hot water heat exchangers include flat plate, spiral plate, plate fin, immersed spiral tube, shell and tube, and shell and tube;

[0008] Electronic expansion valve 1 4 and electronic expansion valve 2 5 can be replaced by thermal expansion valve and capillary tube;

[0009] The flow channel types of the heat exchange elements of the PVT array 6 include triangle, quadrilateral, hexagon, circle, diamond, spindle, teardrop, and honeycomb.

[0010] The hot water system mainly consists of a hot water heat exchanger 3 and a water pump 11. The water side of the hot water heat exchanger 3 is connected to the water pump 11 via a water pipeline.

[0011] The power supply system mainly consists of a PVT array 6, a DC converter 12, a municipal power grid 13, and an AC / DC inverter 14. The power supply system is divided into two routes: one route connects the PVT array 6 to the DC converter 12, and the other route connects the municipal power grid 13 to the AC / DC inverter 14. The above two routes are connected to the compressor 1, the fan of the finned heat exchanger 7, and the water pump 11 after being combined through the outlet of the DC converter 12 and the outlet of the AC / DC inverter 14.

[0012] The types of solar cell elements in the PVT array 6 include monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, copper indium gallium selenide, gallium arsenide, cadmium telluride, and perovskite;

[0013] The motors of the compressor 1 , the fan of the finned heat exchanger 7 , and the water pump 11 are DC driven, and their types include brushless DC, brushed DC, and permanent magnet DC.

[0014] By controlling the opening and closing of the compressor 1, electronic expansion valve 1 4, electronic expansion valve 2 5, three-way valve 1 8, three-way valve 2 9, fan of finned heat exchanger 7, and water pump 11, the system can switch between the following two operating modes:

[0015] Mode 1: Compressor 1, electronic expansion valve 1 4, electronic expansion valve 2 5, three-way valve 1 8, fan of finned heat exchanger 7, and water pump 11 are turned on. The system operates in an injection-compression composite heat pump cogeneration mode with solar energy as the main heat source and air energy as the auxiliary heat source.

[0016] Mode 2: The compressor 1, the electronic expansion valve 1 4, the electronic expansion valve 2 5, the three-way valve 2 9, the fan of the finned heat exchanger 7, and the water pump 11 are turned on. The system operates in an injection-compression composite heat pump cogeneration mode with air energy as the main heat source and solar energy as the auxiliary heat source.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0018] The present invention fully and synchronously utilizes renewable energy sources such as solar energy and air energy, and the system has a high utilization rate of renewable energy;

[0019] The present invention realizes dual evaporation temperature matching of solar energy and air energy of different qualities, and can realize free switching of the main heat source and auxiliary heat source of the system according to the outdoor solar energy and air energy heat source conditions, with high utilization rate of low-grade heat source;

[0020] The present invention realizes the complementarity between solar energy and air energy, and the system energy supply is reliable and stable;

[0021] The system of the present invention has low dependence on the external power grid, is highly efficient, energy-saving, low-carbon and has low operating costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a steam injection solar PVT-air source dual-source heat pump cogeneration system of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cogeneration operation mode of the injection-compression composite heat pump of the present invention, which uses solar energy as the main heat source and air energy as the auxiliary heat source;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cogeneration operation mode of the injection-compression composite heat pump of the present invention, which uses air energy as the main heat source and solar energy as the auxiliary heat source;

[0025] Numbers in the figure: 1-compressor, 2-check valve, 3-hot water heat exchanger, 4-electronic expansion valve 1, 5-electronic expansion valve 2, 6-PVT array, 7-finned heat exchanger, 8-three-way valve 1, 9-three-way valve 2, 10-steam ejector, 11-water pump, 12-DC converter, 13-municipal power grid, 14-AC / DC inverter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a steam injection solar PVT-air source dual-source heat pump cogeneration system includes a refrigerant system, a hot water system, and a power supply system.

[0028] The refrigerant system mainly consists of a compressor 1, a one-way valve 2, a hot water heat exchanger 3, an electronic expansion valve 1 4, an electronic expansion valve 2 5, a PVT array 6, a finned heat exchanger 7, a three-way valve 1 8, a three-way valve 2 9, and a steam ejector 10 connected via a refrigerant pipeline;

[0029] The hot water system mainly consists of a hot water heat exchanger 3 and a water pump 11 connected via a water pipeline;

[0030] The power supply system mainly consists of a PVT array 6, a DC converter 12, a municipal power grid 13, and an AC / DC inverter 14 connected via a circuit.

[0031] In this embodiment, by controlling the opening and closing of the compressor 1, the electronic expansion valve 1 4, the electronic expansion valve 2 5, the three-way valve 1 8, the three-way valve 2 9, the fan of the fin-type heat exchanger 7, and the water pump 11, the system can realize the switching between the injection-compression composite heat pump cogeneration mode with solar energy as the main heat source and air energy as the auxiliary heat source and the injection-compression composite heat pump cogeneration mode with air energy as the main heat source and solar energy as the auxiliary heat source.

[0032] (1) When the solar heat source is better than the air heat source, such as when the outdoor solar radiation intensity is high and the ambient temperature is low, the system operates in the injection-compression composite heat pump cogeneration mode with solar energy as the main heat source and air energy as the auxiliary heat source. The compressor 1, electronic expansion valve 1 4, electronic expansion valve 2 5, three-way valve 1 8, the fan of the finned heat exchanger 7, and the water pump 11 are turned on. At this time, if Figure 2 As shown, the operating principle is as follows: Low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant is compressed by compressor 1 into high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. It then passes through one-way valve 2 and enters hot water heat exchanger 3, releasing heat into the hot water system. The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is then condensed into medium-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant. It then splits into two paths: one path undergoes throttling and pressure reduction by electronic expansion valve 1 (4) to become a two-phase gas-liquid refrigerant. It then enters PVT array 6 to absorb the primary heat source—solar energy—to become superheated gaseous refrigerant. It then passes through three-way valve 1 (8) to the high-pressure inlet of steam ejector 10. The other path undergoes throttling and pressure reduction by electronic expansion valve 2 (5) (the degree of throttling is greater than the previous path) to become a two-phase gas-liquid refrigerant. It then enters finned heat exchanger 7 to absorb the auxiliary heat source—air energy—to become superheated gaseous refrigerant. It then passes through three-way valve 2 (9) to the low-pressure inlet of steam ejector 10. The low-pressure gaseous refrigerant and the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant mix in steam ejector 10, becoming medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant before returning to the suction port of compressor 1. Driven by water pump 11, hot water enters hot water heat exchanger 3, where it absorbs heat, circulating the water and continuously heating the system. Furthermore, PVT array 6 converts solar energy into DC power, which is then converted to 750V DC by DC converter 12 for use in the system. If the power generated by PVT array 6 exceeds the system's consumption, the excess power is connected to the grid via AC / DC inverter 14. If the power generated by PVT array 6 is less than the system's consumption, the grid is converted to 750V DC by AC / DC inverter 14 for use in the system.

[0033] (2) When the solar energy heat source is inferior to the air energy heat source, such as when the outdoor solar radiation intensity is low and the ambient temperature is high, the system operates in the injection-compression composite heat pump cogeneration mode with air energy as the main heat source and solar energy as the auxiliary heat source. The compressor 1, electronic expansion valve 1 4, electronic expansion valve 2 5, three-way valve 2 9, fan of finned heat exchanger 7, and water pump 11 are turned on. At this time, if Figure 3 As shown, the operating principle is as follows: Low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant is compressed by compressor 1 into high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. It then passes through one-way valve 2 and enters hot water heat exchanger 3, releasing heat into the hot water system. The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is then condensed into medium-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant. It then splits into two paths: one path undergoes throttling and pressure reduction through electronic expansion valve 2 (5) to become a two-phase gas-liquid refrigerant. It then enters finned heat exchanger 7, where it absorbs the primary heat source—air energy—to become superheated gaseous refrigerant. It then passes through three-way valve 1 (8) to the high-pressure inlet of steam ejector 10. The other path undergoes throttling and pressure reduction (with a greater degree of throttling than the previous path) to become a two-phase gas-liquid refrigerant. It then enters PVT array 7, where it absorbs the auxiliary heat source—solar energy—to become superheated gaseous refrigerant. It then passes through three-way valve 2 (9) to the low-pressure inlet of steam ejector 10. The low-pressure gaseous refrigerant and the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant mix in steam ejector 10, becoming medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant before returning to the suction port of compressor 1. Driven by water pump 11, hot water enters hot water heat exchanger 3, where it absorbs heat, circulating the water and continuously heating the system. Furthermore, PVT array 6 converts solar energy into DC power, which is then converted to 750V DC by DC converter 12 for use in the system. If the power generated by PVT array 6 exceeds the system's consumption, the excess power is connected to the grid via AC / DC inverter 14. If the power generated by PVT array 6 is less than the system's consumption, the grid is converted to 750V DC by AC / DC inverter 14 for use in the system.

[0034] (3) When the solar heat source is close to the air heat source, the system operates in the injection-compression composite heat pump cogeneration mode with air energy as the main heat source and solar energy as the auxiliary heat source. By reducing the frequency of the fan of the finned heat exchanger 9, high-pressure superheated gaseous refrigerant is provided to the high-pressure inlet of the steam ejector 10; the electronic expansion valve 4 is controlled to provide low-pressure superheated gaseous refrigerant to the low-pressure inlet of the steam ejector 10, thereby reducing the surface temperature of the PVT array 6 and improving its power generation efficiency. The compressor 1, electronic expansion valve 1 4, electronic expansion valve 2 5, three-way valve 2 9, fan of the finned heat exchanger 7, and water pump 11 are turned on. At this time, if Figure 3 As shown, the working principle is as described in (2).

[0035] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A steam-injected solar PVT-air source dual-source heat pump cogeneration system, comprising a refrigerant system, a hot water system, and a power supply system; The refrigerant system is mainly composed of a compressor (1), a one-way valve (2), a hot water heat exchanger (3), an electronic expansion valve (4), an electronic expansion valve (5), a PVT array (6), a finned heat exchanger (7), a three-way valve (8), a three-way valve (9), and a steam ejector (10). The outlet of the compressor (1) is connected to the one-way valve (2) and the hot water heat exchanger (3) in sequence and then divided into two paths. One of the paths is further divided into two paths after passing through the electronic expansion valve (4) and the PVT array (6). One path is connected to the high-pressure inlet end of the steam ejector (10) through the three-way valve (8), and the other path is connected to the low-pressure inlet end of the steam ejector (10) through the three-way valve (9); the other path separated from the hot water heat exchanger (3) is separated into two paths again after passing through the electronic expansion valve (5) and the fin-type heat exchanger (7), one path is connected to the high-pressure inlet end of the steam ejector (10) through the three-way valve (8), and the other path is connected to the low-pressure inlet end of the steam ejector (10) through the three-way valve (9); The hot water system is mainly composed of a hot water heat exchanger (3) and a water pump (11), and the water side of the hot water heat exchanger (3) is connected to the water pump (11) via a water pipeline; The power supply system is mainly composed of a PVT array (6), a DC converter (12), a municipal power grid (13), and an AC / DC inverter (14). The power supply system is divided into two routes, one route is connected between the PVT array (6) and the DC converter (12), and the other route is connected between the municipal power grid (13) and the AC / DC inverter (14). The two routes are connected to the compressor (1), the fan of the finned heat exchanger (7), and the water pump (11) after being combined through the outlet of the DC converter (12) and the outlet of the AC / DC inverter (14).

2. The steam injection solar PVT-air source dual source heat pump cogeneration system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: By controlling the opening and closing of the compressor (1), the electronic expansion valve 1 (4), the electronic expansion valve 2 (5), the three-way valve 1 (8), the three-way valve 2 (9), the fan of the finned heat exchanger (7), and the water pump (11), the system can realize the switching between the following two operating modes: Mode 1: The compressor (1), the electronic expansion valve 1 (4), the electronic expansion valve 2 (5), the three-way valve 1 (8), the fan of the finned heat exchanger (7), and the water pump (11) are turned on, and the system operates in an injection-compression composite heat pump cogeneration mode with solar energy as the main heat source and air energy as the auxiliary heat source; Mode 2: The compressor (1), the electronic expansion valve 1 (4), the electronic expansion valve 2 (5), the three-way valve 2 (9), the fan of the finned heat exchanger (7), and the water pump (11) are turned on, and the system operates in an injection-compression composite heat pump cogeneration mode with air energy as the main heat source and solar energy as the auxiliary heat source.

3. The steam injection solar PVT-air source dual source heat pump cogeneration system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The types of compressors (1) include rotor type, scroll type and piston type.

4. The steam injection solar PVT-air source dual source heat pump cogeneration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The types of the hot water heat exchanger (3) include flat plate type, spiral plate type, plate rib type, immersed spiral tube type, sleeve type, and shell and tube type.

5. The steam injection solar PVT-air source dual source heat pump cogeneration system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The electronic expansion valve 1 (4) and the electronic expansion valve 2 (5) can be replaced by a thermal expansion valve or a capillary tube.

6. The steam injection solar PVT-air source dual source heat pump cogeneration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The types of solar cell elements of the PVT array (6) include single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon, copper indium gallium selenide, gallium arsenide, cadmium telluride, and perovskite.

7. The steam injection solar PVT-air source dual source heat pump cogeneration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow channel types of the heat exchange elements of the PVT array (6) include triangle, quadrilateral, hexagon, circle, diamond, spindle, teardrop, and honeycomb.

8. The steam injection solar PVT-air source dual source heat pump cogeneration system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The motors of the compressor (1), the fan of the finned heat exchanger (7), and the water pump (11) are DC-driven, and their types include brushless DC, brushed DC, and permanent magnet DC.

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