A foundation pit depth monitoring device and its monitoring method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of building construction monitoring, and in particular, relates to a foundation pit depth monitoring device and a monitoring method thereof, wherein the foundation pit depth monitoring device adopts a connection device and a measuring device consisting of a fixed base and a freely rotatable ball head, wherein the measuring device is provided with a tape measure device, a tape ruler and a weight device, and the weight has a built-in piezoelectric sensor luminous ball. When the weight touches the bottom of the foundation pit, the piezoelectric sensor luminous ball is compressed and illuminated, prompting the measurement personnel to read the extended length of the tape ruler, thereby accurately calculating the foundation pit depth. The foundation pit depth monitoring device disclosed in the present application, through the design of the ball head and the fixed base, enhances the application capability of the equipment in different construction environments, combines the telescopic winding measuring device and the compressed luminous feedback of the piezoelectric sensor luminous ball in the weight device, realizes real-time and continuous monitoring of the foundation pit depth, and also enhances the stability of the device in complex environments, especially when there is water accumulation at the bottom of the foundation pit, the accuracy of the measurement can still be maintained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of building construction monitoring, and particularly relates to a foundation pit depth monitoring device and a monitoring method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A foundation pit is an underground space that needs to be excavated during the construction of a building, a municipal project, or an underground building. To ensure the safety of foundation pit construction, the stability of the main underground structure, and the protection of the surrounding environment, before the foundation pit excavation, an excavation plan should be determined according to the geological exploration report, the situation of surrounding buildings and underground facilities, construction conditions, and relevant standards, including excavation methods, excavation sequences, layered excavation depths, slope gradients, support plans, drainage measures, etc. The whole process involves the collaborative work of multiple disciplines and is collectively referred to as foundation pit engineering. The purpose of foundation pit engineering is to ensure that construction activities can be carried out safely and smoothly under complex geological conditions and environmental changes, and to minimize the impact on the surrounding environment and facilities.

[0003] Currently, common methods for foundation pit depth monitoring include physical contact measurement, laser scanning measurement, optical measurement, etc. For example, the patent with the publication number CN114485456B discloses a depth measurement device and a measurement method for foundation pit monitoring. The depth measurement device for foundation pit monitoring includes a fixing plate, a monitoring host, a fixing cylinder, an adjusting rod, and a measuring instrument. The measuring instrument is suspended above the foundation pit through the adjusting rod, realizing the global monitoring of the entire foundation pit. However, this solution is extremely vulnerable to environmental factors such as light, water accumulation at the bottom of the foundation pit, dust, and obstacles during use. Its installation and debugging process are relatively complex, and the cost is relatively high, which is not conducive to wide use at the construction site. The patent application with the publication number CN118129599A discloses a foundation pit depth measurement device and a measurement method thereof. It designs a foundation pit depth measurement device including a link mechanism, a controller, a rotary encoder, a guide wheel, a wire winding wheel, a wire body, a counterweight, a rotating seat, and a base. The wire body is released or retracted through the wire wheel, and the length change of the wire body is used to measure the depth of the foundation pit. However, the wire body is extremely vulnerable to wind swing during use, especially in a construction environment with strong winds, resulting in large measurement errors; in addition, when there is water at the bottom of the foundation pit, the wire body is easily wetted by water, leading to inaccurate measurement.

[0004] Therefore, how to achieve depth monitoring when there is water at the bottom of the foundation pit, especially reliable monitoring of the depth of a shaft foundation pit, is a technical problem that needs to be urgently solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the problems in the existing foundation pit depth monitoring process, such as large measurement errors, low precision, complex installation and debugging, and high costs due to adverse environmental impacts such as water accumulation, dust, and occlusion interference at the bottom of the foundation pit. The foundation pit depth monitoring device and its monitoring method disclosed in this application can automatically vertically place the monitoring instrument through a freely rotating ball head connection device, and combined with an automatic winding tape and an internal piezoelectric sensing and light-emitting plumb bob feedback, it can achieve multi-point, real-time, and accurate foundation pit depth monitoring under complex working conditions, simplify on-site operations, reduce maintenance costs, and ensure construction safety and the protection of the surrounding environment.

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a foundation pit depth monitoring device, including:

[0007] A connection device, including a fixed base and a ball head. The ball head extends into the fixed base and can rotate. A first connecting rod is arranged below the ball head.

[0008] A winding and measuring device, including a third mounting plate. The upper end of the third mounting plate is detachably connected to the first connecting rod. A tape measure device is arranged on one side of the third mounting plate. Inside the tape measure device, there is a tape measure wheel for winding the tape. A plumb bob device is arranged below the tape. Inside the plumb bob device, there is a piezoelectric sensing and light-emitting ball. After the plumb bob device sinks to the bottom of the foundation pit, the piezoelectric sensing and light-emitting ball can be pressed to emit light.

[0009] Further, the connection device includes:

[0010] A second connecting plate for the detachable fixation of the device;

[0011] A fixed base, which is integrated with the second connecting plate and forms a space for accommodating the ball head inside;

[0012] A fixed cover, which is arranged below the fixed base and is detachably connected to it through a fixing bolt. The inner surface of the fixed cover is a curved surface and matches the curved surface below the center line of the ball head;

[0013] A first connecting rod, which is fixed on the ball head and extends downward.

[0014] Further, the tape measure device includes:

[0015] A tape measure housing for accommodating and supporting the tape measure wheel;

[0016] A tape measure wheel, with a reel rotating shaft arranged at its center. The reel rotating shaft passes through the tape measure housing and can rotate relative to the tape measure housing under the action of an external force. The tape is wound around the tape measure wheel and can be wound or unwound;

[0017] A limit pulley for guiding and limiting the tape to extend out of the guiding opening of the tape measure device.

[0018] Further, the winding measurement device further includes:

[0019] A transmission device, including a worm and a worm wheel, the worm meshes with the worm wheel for transmission, a central rotating shaft is arranged at the center of the worm wheel, and the central rotating shaft can drive the reel rotating shaft to rotate under the rotation of the worm wheel;

[0020] A third driving motor for driving the worm to rotate;

[0021] The third driving motor, the transmission device and the tape measure device are arranged on opposite sides of the third mounting plate.

[0022] Further, the plumb bob device includes:

[0023] A counterweight ball, integrally connected to the lower end of the tape;

[0024] A buffer housing, concentrically arranged outside the counterweight ball, the buffer housing is made of a transparent resin material;

[0025] Support ribs, arranged between the outer wall of the counterweight ball and the inner wall of the buffer housing;

[0026] An arc-shaped retainer, arranged on the inner side wall of the bottom of the buffer housing;

[0027] A return spring, connected between the counterweight ball and the arc-shaped retainer, and can be compressed and deformed when the buffer housing touches the ground;

[0028] A piezoelectric sensing light-emitting ball, arranged between the arc-shaped retainer and the counterweight ball, and emits light under pressure when the return spring is compressed and deformed.

[0029] Further, the tape includes a steel base layer, a connection layer and a reinforcement layer, measurement marks are arranged on the side of the steel base layer away from the reinforcement layer, and the cross-section of the tape is arranged in an I-shape.

[0030] Further, the foundation pit depth monitoring device further includes:

[0031] An installation base;

[0032] A support device, supported and fixed above the installation base;

[0033] The sliding device includes a first driving motor, a first guide rail unit, a first sliding seat unit, a second driving motor, a second guide rail unit and a second sliding seat unit. Among them, the opposite ends of the first guide rail unit are arranged on the supporting device, and the first sliding seat unit is arranged on the first guide rail unit and can horizontally slide along the first guide rail unit under the action of the first driving motor; the second driving motor and the second guide rail unit are arranged on the first sliding seat unit, the second sliding seat unit is arranged on the second guide rail unit and can horizontally slide under the action of the second driving motor, the connecting device is arranged on the second sliding seat unit, and the length direction of the first guide rail unit is perpendicular to the length direction of the second guide rail unit.

[0034] Further, the first sliding seat unit includes a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate. The first mounting plate and the second mounting plate are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the first guide rail unit. A first connecting plate is arranged on the first mounting plate, and the first connecting plate is in screw transmission connection with a first transmission lead screw. When the first driving motor drives the first transmission lead screw to rotate, it can drive the first connecting plate to continuously slide along the first guide rail unit.

[0035] Further, the second driving motor is arranged on the second mounting plate. The second driving motor drives the second sliding seat unit to slide along the second guide rail unit through a first transmission belt. The second sliding seat unit includes a connecting slide plate and a connecting bottom plate. The connecting slide plate and the connecting bottom plate are connected in an inverted "ㄈ" shape and wrap around the second guide rail unit. The connecting bottom plate is detachably and fixedly connected to the connecting device.

[0036] This application also discloses a method for monitoring the depth of a foundation pit, which is applied to the foundation pit depth monitoring device as described above, including:

[0037] S1: Equipment installation and calibration;

[0038] Move the installation base to a preset monitoring point at the edge of the foundation pit through the moving component, lock the wheel brake of the moving component, move the connecting device to the initial position at the center of the foundation pit through the first driving motor and the second driving motor of the sliding device, and make the winding measurement device hang vertically downward naturally through the free rotation of the ball head;

[0039] S2: Tape measure device winding and plumb bob bottom contact detection;

[0040] Start the third driving motor, decelerate and wind up the tape on the tape wheel through a transmission device including a worm and a worm wheel. The plumb bob device drives the tape to vertically lower under its own weight. The limiting pulley ensures that the tape has no deviation. When the plumb bob device touches the bottom of the foundation pit, the reset spring is compressed and deformed to trigger the piezoelectric sensing luminous ball to emit light, and the third driving motor immediately stops and locks the tape wheel;

[0041] S3: Reading and calculating the foundation pit depth;

[0042] Read the measurement mark of the tape at the guiding opening of the tape measure device, record the extended length L of the tape, and calculate the foundation pit depth according to the foundation pit depth calculation formula:

[0043] H = L - Δh + Δp;

[0044] Where, H is the foundation pit depth, Δh is the elevation correction value from the installation base to the edge of the foundation pit, and Δp is the difference between the radius of the buffer housing and the radius of the counterweight ball;

[0045] S4: Multi-point monitoring and slip positioning;

[0046] Start the third drive motor to wind the tape reversely, lift the weight device to a safe height. At this time, the piezoelectric sensing light-emitting ball goes out. Adjust the first sliding seat unit or the second sliding seat unit through the first drive motor and / or the second drive motor, position the winding measurement device to the next monitoring point, and repeat steps S2 and S3 to complete multi-point depth measurement;

[0047] S5: Rewinding and equipment transfer;

[0048] After the foundation pit depth measurement is completed, start the third drive motor to wind the tape back. After the tape is completely wound back, the worm and worm gear are self-locked, the sliding device resets to the initial position, release the wheel brake of the moving component, and transfer to the next construction area.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the foundation pit depth monitoring device and its monitoring method of the present invention have the following advantages:

[0050] (1) For the foundation pit depth monitoring device of the present invention, through the combination of the ball head connection device that can rotate freely and the vertical winding measurement device, the device can automatically maintain a vertical state under different installation conditions. Combined with the light-emitting feedback mechanism when the weight touches the bottom, it can accurately judge the measurement end point in real time, effectively avoiding the errors caused by environmental interference in the traditional method, and is especially suitable for working conditions with water accumulation or insufficient light at the bottom.

[0051] (2) For the foundation pit depth monitoring device of the present invention, through the collaborative design of the sliding device and the moving component, efficient coverage of multi-point monitoring is achieved. The overall structure is light and flexible, and it is especially suitable for application in narrow spaces or vertical foundation pits with complex geology, providing a reliable guarantee for construction safety. Description of the Drawings

[0052] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the foundation pit depth monitoring device described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2It is a schematic side view structure diagram of the foundation pit depth monitoring device described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 3 It is a schematic left view structure diagram of the foundation pit depth monitoring device described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 4 It is a schematic side view structure diagram of the second perspective of the foundation pit depth monitoring device described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 5 It is a partial enlarged structure diagram of the connection between the winding measurement device, the connection device and the second sliding seat unit in the foundation pit depth monitoring device described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 6 It is a partial enlarged structure diagram of the first sliding seat unit in the foundation pit depth monitoring device described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 7 It is a partial enlarged structure diagram of the connection between the second driving motor and the first transmission belt in the foundation pit depth monitoring device described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 8 It is a structure diagram of the assembly connection between the winding measurement device and the connection device in the foundation pit depth monitoring device described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 9 It is Figure 8 a schematic side view structure diagram of the structure shown in;

[0061] Figure 10 It is a sectional view structure diagram of the connection device in the foundation pit depth monitoring device described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 11 It is a sectional view structure diagram of the transmission device in the foundation pit depth monitoring device described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 12 It is a sectional view structure diagram of the tape measure device in the foundation pit depth monitoring device described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 13 It is a sectional view structure diagram of the tape in the foundation pit depth monitoring device described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 14 It is a sectional view structure diagram of the plumb bob device in the foundation pit depth monitoring device described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] The marks in the figure are shown as:

[0067] 100. Mobile component; 200. Measuring component; 1. Installation base; 2. Support device; 3. Sliding device; 4. Winding and measuring device; 5. First driving motor; 6. First guide rail unit; 7. First sliding seat unit; 701. First mounting plate; 702. Second mounting plate; 8. First connecting plate; 9. First driving lead screw; 10. Second driving motor; 11. First guiding pulley; 12. Second guide rail unit; 13. Second sliding seat unit; 14. First driving belt; 15. Connecting slide plate; 16. Second guiding pulley; 17. Connecting bottom plate; 18. Connecting device; 1801. Second connecting plate; 1802. Fixed base; 1803. Ball head; 1804. Fixed cover; 1805. Fixed bolt; 1806. First connecting rod; 19. Support limiting rod; 20. Third mounting plate; 21. First connecting sleeve; 22. Transmission device; 2201. Worm; 2202. Worm gear; 2203. Transmission wheel; 2204. Central rotating shaft; 23. Third driving motor; 24. Tape measure device; 2401. Tape measure housing; 2402. Tape measure wheel; 2403. Reel rotating shaft; 2404. Limiting pulley; 2405. Guiding opening; 25. Tape; 2501. Steel base layer; 2502. Connecting layer; 2503. Reinforcing layer; 26. Plumb bob device; 2601. Counterweight ball; 2602. Buffer housing; 2603. Support rib; 2604. Arc retainer; 2605. Return spring; 2606. Piezoelectric sensing and illuminating ball. Detailed implementation manner

[0068] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0069] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms used here are only for describing specific implementation manners, and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. For the convenience of description, the dimensions of each part shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. Technologies, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant fields may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technologies, methods, and devices should be regarded as part of the authorization specification. In all the examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0070] It should be noted that in the description of the present application, terms such as "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims are used to distinguish similar objects, rather than to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. And the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are usually of the same category, and do not limit the number of objects. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims means at least one of the connected objects. The character " / ", generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0071] It should be noted that in the description of the present application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description. Without contrary instructions, these orientation terms do not indicate and imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation on the protection scope of the present application; the orientation terms "inside, outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contour of each component itself.

[0072] It should be noted that in the present application, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including that element. In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed. It may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in a reverse order according to the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0073] The present application discloses a foundation pit depth monitoring device, comprising:

[0074] A connecting device 18, comprising a fixed base 1802 and a ball head 1803. The ball head 1803 extends into the fixed base 1802 and can rotate. A first connecting rod 1806 is arranged below the ball head 1803;

[0075] The winding measurement device 4 includes a third mounting plate 20. The upper end of the third mounting plate 20 is detachably connected to the first connecting rod 1806. A tape measure device 24 is provided on one side of the third mounting plate 20. Inside the tape measure device 24, there is a tape wheel 2402 for winding the tape 25. A weight device 26 is provided below the tape 25. Inside the weight device 26, there is a piezoelectric sensing light-emitting sphere 2606. After the weight device 26 sinks to the bottom of the foundation pit, the piezoelectric sensing light-emitting sphere 2606 can be pressed to emit light.

[0076] The foundation pit depth monitoring device disclosed in this application, as Figures 8 - 10 shown, by providing a connecting device 18 composed of a fixed base 1802 and a freely rotatable ball head 1803, the winding measurement device 4 is connected below the connecting device 18. On the one hand, under the action of its own weight, the winding measurement device 4 drives the ball head 1803 to be vertically arranged relative to the fixed base 1802, so that the entire measurement system remains vertically arranged at different installation angles, enhancing the adaptability and flexibility of the device. On the other hand, the winding measurement device 4 is provided with a third mounting plate 20, and a tape measure device 24 containing a tape 25 and a tape wheel 2402 is provided on the third mounting plate 20. A weight device 26 is connected to the end of the tape 25. A piezoelectric sensing light-emitting sphere 2606 is embedded inside the weight device 26. During the measurement process, the tape 25 of the tape measure device 24 gradually unfolds as the weight device 26 sinks. When the weight device 26 touches the bottom of the foundation pit, the piezoelectric sensing light-emitting sphere 2606 emits light due to being pressed. This light signal serves as a triggering mechanism to prompt the measurement personnel or system to record the reading on the tape at this moment, and then calculate the depth of the foundation pit. The entire measurement process relies on the precise unfolding of the tape 25 and the instant feedback of the piezoelectric sensing light-emitting sphere 2606, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the measurement.

[0077] The foundation pit depth monitoring device disclosed in this application, through the design of the ball head and the fixed base, enables the device to maintain vertical measurement on various inclined or irregular installation surfaces, greatly enhancing the application ability of the device in different construction environments. Combining the telescoping of the winding measurement device and the light emission feedback of the piezoelectric sensing light-emitting sphere inside the weight device, real-time and continuous monitoring of the foundation pit depth is achieved, and the stability of the device in complex environments is also enhanced. Especially under the condition that there is accumulated water at the bottom of the foundation pit, the measurement accuracy can still be maintained. The foundation pit depth monitoring device disclosed in this application effectively solves the limitations of traditional measurement devices under harsh construction conditions, provides a more reliable technical means for the safety monitoring of foundation pit projects, and is particularly suitable for special application scenarios such as shaft foundation pits or accumulated water at the bottom of the foundation pit, ensuring the smooth progress of construction activities and the protection of the surrounding environment.

[0078] As a preferred example of this application, the connecting device 18 includes:

[0079] A second connecting plate 1801 for detachably fixing the connecting device 18;

[0080] A fixed base 1802, integrated with the second connecting plate 1801, forming a space for accommodating a ball head 1803 inside;

[0081] A fixed cover 1804, disposed below the fixed base 1802 and detachably connected thereto by a fixing bolt 1805, the inner surface of the fixed cover 1804 being a curved surface and matching the curved surface below the center line of the ball head 1803;

[0082] A first connecting rod 1806, fixed to the ball head 1803 and extending downward.

[0083] This setting discloses a specific structure of the connecting device 18. As Figure 10 shown, the second connecting plate 1801 of the connecting device 18 fixes the device in a detachable manner, enabling the device to be easily installed or disassembled to meet the requirements of different application scenarios; the fixed base 1802 and the second connecting plate 1801 are integrally formed, which not only improves the structural stability but also forms a space for accommodating the ball head 1803 inside. Combining with the lubricating oil provided at the connection between the ball head 1803 and the fixed base 1802 to play a lubricating role, ensuring smooth and stable rotation of the ball head, reducing wear and friction at the same time, and improving the durability of the device; a fixed cover 1804 is disposed below the fixed base 1802, and the inner surface of the fixed cover 1804 is a curved surface, matching the curved surface below the center line of the ball head 1803, ensuring the stability during the rotation of the ball head 1803; the structural design of the detachable connection between the fixed cover 1804 and the fixed base 1802 by the fixing bolt 1805, on the one hand, ensures the reliability and stability of the connection of the ball head 1803, and on the other hand, facilitates the maintenance and replacement of internal components; finally, a first connecting rod 1806 disposed below the ball head 1803 is used to connect and fix the winding measuring device 4. In the example of this application, a first connecting sleeve 21 is provided on the third mounting plate 20, and the first connecting sleeve 21 and the first connecting rod 1806 are detachably connected by a connecting bolt.

[0084] The connecting device 18 described in this application can be flexibly installed and disassembled at different positions, ensuring its wide applicability in a variety of complex application scenarios, meeting the requirements of different construction environments. At the same time, the design of the free rotation of the ball head 1803 and the cooperation of the curved surface design of the fixed cover 1804 and the ball head 1803 reduce friction and wear, extend its service life, and the installation and maintenance process is simple and fast.

[0085] As a preferred example of this application, the tape measure device 24 includes:

[0086] A tape measure housing 2401 for accommodating and supporting a tape measure wheel 2402;

[0087] A tape measure wheel 2402 has a reel rotating shaft 2403 provided at its center. The reel rotating shaft 2403 passes through the tape measure housing 2401 and can rotate relative to the tape measure housing 2401 under the action of an external force. A tape 25 that can be wound or unwound is wound around the tape measure wheel 2402;

[0088] A limiting pulley 2404 for guiding the limiting tape 25 to extend out of the guiding opening 2405 of the tape measure device 24.

[0089] The tape measure device 24 disclosed in this application, as Figure 12 shown, includes a tape measure housing 2401 that serves as a support and protection structure for the entire device. It can accommodate and support the tape measure wheel 2402. A reel rotating shaft 2403 is provided at the center of the tape measure wheel 2402. The reel rotating shaft 2403 passes through the tape measure housing 2401 and can rotate relative to the housing, facilitating the winding rotation of the tape measure wheel 2402 through an external force or an external component. When measurement is required, by releasing the restriction of the reel rotating shaft 2403 or directly applying an external force to drive the tape measure wheel 2402 to rotate, the tape 25 is pulled out under the action of the weight device 26 and smoothly extends to the place where measurement is needed. After the measurement is completed, the user can retract the tape 25 by manually rotating the tape measure wheel or an automatic device to ensure that the tape can be quickly wound back onto the tape measure wheel. Preferably, the guiding opening 2405 of the tape measure device 24 is provided at a position near the middle at the lower end of the tape measure housing. Through the cooperative design of the guiding opening 2405 and the limiting pulley 2404, it is used to guide the output of the tape 25 and ensure its smooth extension without jamming or deviation, guaranteeing the smooth progress of the measurement process.

[0090] As a preferred example of this application, the winding and measuring device 4 further includes:

[0091] A transmission device 22, including a worm 2201 and a worm gear 2202. The worm 2201 meshes with the worm gear 2202 for transmission. A central rotating shaft 2204 is provided at the center of the worm gear 2202. The central rotating shaft 2204 can drive the reel rotating shaft 2403 to rotate when the worm gear 2202 rotates;

[0092] A third driving motor 23 for driving the worm 2201 to rotate;

[0093] The third driving motor 23, the transmission device 22 and the tape measure device 24 are arranged on opposite sides of the third mounting plate 20.

[0094] The winding measurement device 4 disclosed in this application also includes a winding automatic device for winding and rewinding the tape by arranging a tape wheel 2402 on the side of the third mounting plate 20 away from the tape measure device 24. The winding automatic device includes a third driving motor 23 and a transmission device 22. The transmission device 22 mainly consists of a worm 2201 and a worm wheel 2202, and the worm 2201 meshes with the worm wheel 2202 for transmission. When the third driving motor 23 is started, it can drive the worm 2201 to rotate. As the worm 2201 rotates, the worm wheel 2202 rotates accordingly under the action of meshing transmission. When the worm wheel 2202 rotates, it can directly or indirectly drive the central rotating shaft 2204 at its center to rotate, and then drive the reel rotating shaft 2403 to rotate, realizing the automatic winding and unwinding of the tape 25, so that the tape 25 can be quickly and reliably extended when the user needs to measure, and automatically retracted after the measurement is completed. Preferably, the inner ring of the worm wheel 2202 is integrally connected to the central rotating shaft 2204 through a transmission wheel 2203 for realizing the speed reduction transmission of the worm 2201. The winding measurement device 4 disclosed in this application, by introducing the third driving motor 23 and the worm and worm wheel transmission system, not only realizes the automatic winding control, but also ensures the smoothness and stability of the winding operation through the speed reduction transmission characteristics. At the same time, the transmission mode of the worm and the worm wheel also has a self-locking function, preventing the tape from being accidentally pulled out due to the action of the weight when not needed, thus affecting the measurement accuracy. The whole device is arranged on the side of the third mounting plate 20 away from the tape measure device 24, optimizing the space layout, being structurally compact, making the operation of the winding measurement device more convenient and accurate, improving the reliability and service life of the equipment, reducing the maintenance difficulty of the equipment, and enhancing the user's operation experience. Preferably, the third driving motor 23 adopts an internal lithium battery and wireless control, without the need for external power connection. By remotely controlling the start and stop of the motor, the structure is greatly simplified, the cumbersome cables and external power harnesses are removed, the portability and operation convenience of the equipment are enhanced. At the same time, the housing, bracket of the third driving motor 23 and the worm and worm wheel transmission system are made of high-strength composite materials with low density, reducing the overall weight of the winding automatic device. The third driving motor 23 and the transmission device 22 can adopt an integrated design or an independent split design.

[0095] As a preferred example of this application, the weight device 26 includes:

[0096] A counterweight ball 2601, integrally connected to the lower end of the tape 25;

[0097] A buffer housing 2602, concentrically arranged outside the counterweight ball 2601, and the buffer housing 2602 is made of a transparent resin material;

[0098] The support rib 2603 is arranged between the outer wall of the counterweight ball 2601 and the inner wall of the buffer housing 2602;

[0099] The arc-shaped retainer 2604 is arranged on the inner side wall of the bottom of the buffer housing 2602;

[0100] The return spring 2605 is connected between the counterweight ball 2601 and the arc-shaped retainer 2604 and can be compressed and deformed when the buffer housing 2602 touches the ground;

[0101] The piezoelectric sensing and lighting ball 2606 is arranged between the arc-shaped retainer 2604 and the counterweight ball 2601 and emits light when compressed when the return spring 2605 is compressed and deformed.

[0102] In the example of this application, as Figure 14As shown, the plumb bob device 26 realizes the measurement of the foundation pit depth through the coordinated work of the counterweight ball 2601, the buffer housing 2602, the support ribs 2603, the arc retainer 2604, the return spring 2605 and the piezoelectric sensing and lighting ball 2606. The counterweight ball 2601 is the core component of the plumb bob, which is made of lead or stainless steel with high density and high stability, so that the tape 25 and the winding measurement device 4 can be stably suspended in the vertical direction under their own weight. A buffer housing 2602 made of a transparent resin material (such as polycarbonate, acrylic resin or polyimide, etc.) is arranged outside the counterweight ball 2601. On the one hand, it is used to form a space for installing the piezoelectric sensing and lighting ball 2606. On the other hand, it is also convenient for the piezoelectric sensing and lighting ball 2606 to emit light outward through the buffer housing 2602 when it is pressed to emit light, so that it can give timely and accurate feedback even when monitoring the depth of a foundation pit with accumulated water. By arranging a number of radially arranged support ribs 2603 on the outer wall of the counterweight ball 2601 and the inner wall of the buffer housing 2602, the support ribs 2603 are mainly arranged on the left and right sides of the counterweight ball 2601 or near its upper end, and no support ribs 2603 are arranged at the position near the lower end of the counterweight ball 2601. Instead, an arc retainer 2604 is arranged at the position near the lower end of the inner wall of the buffer housing 2602. The arc retainer 2604 is designed to be in close contact with the inner wall of the buffer housing 2602. A return spring 2605 is arranged directly below the counterweight ball 2601. The return spring 2605 is in a natural state or a stretched state when the plumb bob device 26 does not touch the ground, avoiding the counterweight ball 2601 squeezing and touching the piezoelectric sensing and lighting ball 2606 to cause mis-lighting. Two piezoelectric sensing and lighting balls 2606 are arranged on the opposite sides of the return spring 2605. The two piezoelectric sensing and lighting balls 2606 are symmetrically arranged between the arc retainer 2604 and the counterweight ball 2601. When the plumb bob device 26 falls to the bottom of the foundation pit and continues to unwind and open the tape 25 downward, the counterweight ball 2601 and the buffer housing 2602 squeeze the return spring 2605 and the piezoelectric sensing and lighting ball 2606. At this time, the piezoelectric sensing and lighting ball 2606 is pressed to emit light. When the measurement personnel receive this light signal, they can judge that the plumb bob device 26 has fallen to the bottom of the foundation pit. At this time, reading the value of the tape 25 can obtain the foundation pit depth measurement data; when the measurement is completed, the buffer housing 2602 is reset under the action of the return spring 2605 and the arc retainer 2604, and the piezoelectric sensing and lighting ball 2606 no longer emits light, thereby prolonging the service life of the piezoelectric sensing and lighting ball 2606. In the example of this application, the piezoelectric sensing and lighting ball 2606 can select high-performance piezoelectric ceramics such as lead titanate (PZT), and combine with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to achieve piezoelectric light emission, or it can also be assembled with existing commercially available piezoelectric sensing and lighting devices.In the example of the present application, the tape 25 extends into the inside of the buffer housing 2602 and is connected to the counterweight ball 2601, and the zero position of the tape 25 is the center of the ball of the counterweight ball 2601.

[0103] The plumb bob device 26 described in the present application, through the combination of the innovative piezoelectric sensing and lighting ball 2606 and the buffer housing 2602, not only ensures the compressive resistance and stability of the device, but also enables real-time feedback through the lighting signal, enabling the surveyor to quickly judge whether the plumb bob device 26 reaches the bottom of the foundation pit, thereby quickly obtaining accurate depth data, greatly improving the accuracy and operation convenience of the foundation pit depth measurement.

[0104] As a preferred example of the present application, as Figure 13 shown, the tape 25 includes a steel base layer 2501, a connection layer 2502 and a reinforcement layer 2503. Measurement marks are provided on the side of the steel base layer 2501 away from the reinforcement layer 2503, and the cross-section of the tape 25 is arranged in an I-shape. In the example of the present application, the steel base layer 2501, as the core support part of the tape, is prepared from a high-carbon steel strip with a thickness of 0.2 mm, ensuring that the tape has sufficient rigidity and durability, and at the same time providing good tensile and anti-deformation capabilities; the reinforcement layer 2503 is a bidirectional carbon fiber prepreg tape with ±45° staggered laminations. The carbon fiber prepreg tape is cut into narrow strips with a width of 5 - 7 mm and spirally wound in a ±45° staggered manner along the length direction of the tape. Its laying length direction is along the length direction of the tape 25, enabling the tape 25 to improve its tensile strength and stability under the tensile action of the plumb bob device 26 and reducing the interlaminar shear stress of the fiber layer when the tape 25 is bent; the connection layer 2502 between the steel base layer 2501 and the reinforcement layer 2503 is made of polyurethane elastic glue, and its thickness is less than 0.05 mm, ensuring good adhesion between the two layers of materials while maintaining the flexibility and elasticity of the tape 25.

[0105] The present application further optimizes the structure of the tape 25 by designing it as a composite structure including a steel base layer 2501, a connection layer 2502 and a reinforcement layer 2503, and designing its cross-section as an I-shape, which can effectively enhance the anti-bending ability of the tape 25 while ensuring the accuracy of the tape during measurement. Especially during the use of a long tape, it can greatly reduce the sag or twist of the tape, ensure the accuracy of the measurement marks, enable it to provide higher accuracy in the foundation pit depth measurement, reduce the maintenance cost and extend the service life of the product. In the example of the present application, the total unrolled length of the tape 25 is 50 m to 100 m.

[0106] As a preferred example of the present application, the foundation pit depth monitoring device further includes:

[0107] Mounting base 1;

[0108] The supporting device 2 is supported and fixed above the mounting base 1;

[0109] The sliding device 3 includes a first driving motor 5, a first guide rail unit 6, a first sliding seat unit 7, a second driving motor 10, a second guide rail unit 12 and a second sliding seat unit 13. Among them, the opposite ends of the first guide rail unit 6 are arranged on the supporting device 2, and the first sliding seat unit 7 is arranged on the first guide rail unit 6 and can horizontally slide along the first guide rail unit 6 under the action of the first driving motor 5; the second driving motor 10 and the second guide rail unit 12 are arranged on the first sliding seat unit 7, the second sliding seat unit 13 is arranged on the second guide rail unit 12 and can horizontally slide under the action of the second driving motor 10, the connecting device 18 is arranged on the second sliding seat unit 13, and the length direction of the first guide rail unit 6 is perpendicular to the length direction of the second guide rail unit 12.

[0110] As Figures 1 - 7 shown, the foundation pit depth monitoring device disclosed in this application further adopts a biaxial sliding system, which greatly improves the flexibility and positioning accuracy of the device, and is especially suitable for multi-point monitoring application scenarios, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4The shown foundation pit depth monitoring device is based on the installation base 1, providing stable support for the entire system. The support device 2 is vertically installed on the installation base 1, providing a solid support platform for the subsequent operation of the sliding device 3. The sliding device 3 includes two sets of mutually perpendicular guide rail and sliding seat systems. The first guide rail unit 6 is horizontally arranged, and the first sliding seat unit 7 is installed on this guide rail and can slide horizontally along the guide rail under the drive of the first drive motor 5. The second drive motor 10 and the second guide rail unit 12 are installed on the first sliding seat unit 7, and the second sliding seat unit 13 is arranged on the second guide rail unit 12 and can slide along the direction perpendicular to the first guide rail. Through this orthogonal guide rail system, the winding measurement device 4 connected by the connecting device 18 can perform precise position adjustment on a two-dimensional plane, significantly improving the flexibility and positioning accuracy of the monitoring device. When it is necessary to measure the depth of multiple monitoring points in the foundation pit, it is not necessary to fully wind back the tape 25. Only need to lift the weight device 26 by a certain distance, then the piezoelectric sensing light-emitting ball 2606 in the weight device 26 loses power and dims. Adjust the working state of the first drive motor 5 or the second drive motor 10, so that the winding measurement device 4 can quickly and accurately locate any monitoring point covered by the guide rail in the foundation pit, and then wind and open the tape 25 again to record the foundation pit depth of this monitoring point when the weight device 26 falls and emits light. The entire process does not require fully winding back the tape 25, and can achieve fast and accurate monitoring through a small amount of adjustment.

[0111] As a preferred example of the present application, as Figure 6 shown, the first sliding seat unit 7 includes a first mounting plate 701 and a second mounting plate 702. The first mounting plate 701 and the second mounting plate 702 are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the first guide rail unit 6. A first connecting plate 8 is arranged on the first mounting plate 701. The first connecting plate 8 is in screw drive connection with the first transmission lead screw 9. When the first drive motor 5 drives the first transmission lead screw 9 to rotate, it can drive the first connecting plate 8 to continuously slide along the first guide rail unit 6. As a preferred example of the present application, three first connecting plates 8 are arranged. A lead screw nut connected to the first transmission lead screw 9 is arranged on at least one first connecting plate 8, and two support limit rods 19 are arranged on the first connecting plate 8. The two ends of the support limit rod 19 are respectively connected to the connecting ear plates on the two support devices 2.

[0112] This setting forms a stable support structure by designing the first sliding seat unit 7 to be composed of a first mounting plate 701 and a second mounting plate 702, and respectively arranging them on the upper and lower sides of the first guide rail unit 6. Combining with the first connecting plate 8 provided on the first mounting plate 701, it is connected to the first transmission lead screw 9 through a lead screw drive method, so that the first connecting plate 8 continuously slides along the first guide rail unit 6. To ensure the stability and accuracy of the movement, three first connecting plates 8 are provided, and each connecting plate is equipped with two support limit rods 19, effectively preventing lateral offset caused by external forces during the sliding process, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the sliding process, thereby improving the rigidity of the entire system, and enabling each sliding and positioning to maintain a high precision.

[0113] As a preferred example of the present application, a first guiding pulley 11 is provided on the first sliding seat unit 7, and the first guiding pulley 11 cooperates with the guiding groove of the first guide rail unit 6 for sliding guidance. Preferably, a plurality of first guiding pulleys 11 are provided, distributed on the opposite sides in the length direction of the first guide rail unit 6. By providing a plurality of first guiding pulleys 11 on the first sliding seat unit 7 in the present application, when the first sliding seat unit 7 slides along the first guide rail unit 6, the first guiding pulleys 11 freely roll in the guiding groove, reducing the sliding friction force, ensuring that the sliding seat unit can move along the guide rail unit easily and smoothly, thereby improving the operating efficiency of the overall system; at the same time, a plurality of guiding pulleys are evenly distributed on the opposite sides of the first guide rail unit 6, effectively enhancing the stability of the sliding seat unit under high-speed movement or large load, avoiding trajectory deviation or accuracy loss caused by uneven force. This setting not only improves the stability and reliability of the system, but also greatly reduces the wear caused by long-term operation and extends the service life of the equipment.

[0114] As a preferred example of the present application, the second driving motor 10 is provided on the second mounting plate 702, and the second driving motor 10 drives the second sliding seat unit 13 to slide along the second guide rail unit 12 through a first transmission belt 14. The second sliding seat unit 13 includes a connecting slide plate 15 and a connecting bottom plate 17, and the connecting slide plate 15 and the connecting bottom plate 17 are connected in a "ㄈ" shape and wrapped around the second guide rail unit 12, and the connecting bottom plate 17 is detachably and fixedly connected to the connecting device 18. In the example of the present application, as Figure 7As shown in the figure, the second driving motor 10 is installed on the second mounting plate 702, and transmits rotational power to the second sliding seat unit 13 through the first transmission belt 14. The second sliding seat unit 13 is composed of a connecting slide plate 15 and a connecting bottom plate 17, and the two form a "ㄈ" - shaped structure that tightly wraps around the second guide rail unit 12. The web of the "ㄈ" - shaped structure is integrated with the first transmission belt 14. After the second driving motor 10 is started, its rotational motion is converted into linear motion through belt transmission, driving the second sliding seat unit 13 to slide smoothly along the second guide rail unit 12, effectively improving the overall operation efficiency of the system. This setting not only ensures close contact between the sliding seat unit and the guide rail unit, preventing shaking or deviation during the sliding process, but also improves the stability and accuracy of the sliding.

[0115] As a preferred example of the present application, as Figure 5 shown, a second guiding pulley 16 is provided on the second sliding seat unit 13, and the second guiding pulley 16 cooperates with the guiding groove of the second guide rail unit 12 for sliding guidance. Preferably, a plurality of second guiding pulleys 16 are provided and distributed on opposite sides in the length direction of the second guide rail unit 12. This setting further enhances the stability and smoothness of the second sliding seat unit 13 sliding along the second guide rail unit 12.

[0116] As a preferred example of the present application, the foundation pit depth monitoring device further includes a moving component 100, and the mounting base 1 is placed on the moving component 100 and can move or be locked integrally with it. In the example of the present application, the mounting base 1, the support device 2, the sliding device 3, and the winding and measuring device 4 are integrally assembled into a measuring component 200, and the measuring component 200 is installed on the moving component 100 and can move integrally with it, so that when the foundation pit depth monitoring device of the present application measures the depths of different monitoring points, it can be quickly transferred to the corresponding position for foundation pit depth monitoring.

[0117] The present application also discloses a method for monitoring the depth of a foundation pit, including:

[0118] S1: Equipment installation and calibration;

[0119] Move the mounting base 1 to a preset monitoring point at the edge of the foundation pit through the moving component 100, lock the wheel brake of the moving component, and move the connecting device 18 to the initial position at the center of the foundation pit through the first driving motor 5 and the second driving motor 10 of the sliding device 3, and make the winding and measuring device 4 hang vertically downward naturally through the free rotation of the ball head 1803;

[0120] S2: Tape measure device winding and plumb bob bottom - touch detection;

[0121] Start the third driving motor 23, and decelerate and wind the tape 25 on the tape wheel 2402 through the transmission device 22 including the worm 2201 and the worm wheel 2202. The weight device 26 drives the tape 25 to vertically lower under its own weight. The limit pulley 2404 ensures that the tape has no deviation. When the weight device 26 touches the bottom of the foundation pit, the reset spring 2605 is compressed and deformed to trigger the piezoelectric sensing light-emitting ball 2606 to emit light, and the third driving motor 23 immediately stops and locks the tape wheel 2402;

[0122] S3: Reading the depth of the foundation pit;

[0123] Read the measurement mark of the tape 25 at the guiding opening 2405 on the tape device 24, record the extended length L of the tape 25, and calculate the depth of the foundation pit according to the foundation pit depth calculation formula:

[0124] H = L - Δh + Δp;

[0125] Wherein, H is the depth of the foundation pit, Δh is the elevation correction value from the installation base to the edge of the foundation pit, and Δp is the difference between the radius of the buffer housing 2602 and the radius of the counterweight ball 2601;

[0126] S4: Multi-point monitoring and slip positioning;

[0127] Start the third driving motor 23 to wind the tape 25 in the reverse direction, lift the weight device 26 to a safe height. This safe height can be based on the preset working time of the third driving motor 23 or the position where the weight device 26 is located after rising to the preset height. At this time, the piezoelectric sensing light-emitting ball 2606 goes out. Adjust the first sliding seat unit 7 or the second sliding seat unit 13 through the first driving motor 5 and / or the second driving motor 10 to position the winding measurement device 4 to the next monitoring point, and repeat steps S2 and S3 to complete multi-point depth measurement;

[0128] S5: Reeling and equipment transfer;

[0129] After the depth measurement of the foundation pit is completed, start the third driving motor 23 to wind the tape 25 back. After the tape 25 is completely wound back, the worm and worm wheel are self-locked, the sliding device 3 resets to the initial position, release the wheel brake of the moving component 100, and transfer to the next construction area.

[0130] This application ensures that the winding measuring device automatically maintains a vertical state on different inclined or irregular installation surfaces through an innovative ball head connection device and a freely rotatable fixed base design. The heavy hammer device with a piezoelectric sensor luminous ball provides real-time luminous feedback when touching the bottom and links the drive motor to self-lock, which significantly improves the immediacy and accuracy of the measurement. At the same time, the I-shaped composite structure scale tape and carbon fiber reinforcement layer design effectively suppress the bending and deformation of the scale tape during long-distance measurement. The coordinated action of the dual-axis sliding system and the mobile component realizes rapid multi-point positioning and full-area coverage monitoring, greatly improving work efficiency and reducing manual intervention. In addition, the self-locking characteristics of the worm gear transmission mechanism and the optimized design of the composite scale tape structure enhance the stability and durability of the equipment in complex environments (such as accumulated water), and is particularly suitable for reliable monitoring of the depth of vertical shaft foundation pits, which not only reduces the difficulty of operation and maintenance costs, but also provides real-time early warning and reliable protection for construction safety.

[0131] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope of protection of the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A foundation pit depth monitoring device, characterized in that: include: A connecting device (18), comprising a fixed base (1802) and a ball head (1803), wherein the ball head (1803) extends into the fixed base (1802) and is capable of rotational movement, and a first connecting rod (1806) is arranged below the ball head (1803); The winding measurement device (4) comprises a third mounting plate (20), the upper end of the third mounting plate (20) being detachably connected to the first connecting rod (1806), a measuring tape device (24) being arranged on one side of the third mounting plate (20), a measuring tape wheel (2402) for winding the measuring tape (25) being arranged inside the measuring tape device (24), the winding measurement device (4) further comprising a transmission device (22) and a third drive motor (23), the third drive motor (23), the transmission device (22) and the measuring tape device (24) being arranged on opposite sides of the third mounting plate (20), the transmission device comprising a meshing worm (2201) and a worm wheel (2202), the third drive motor (23) being capable of driving the worm (2201) to rotate, thereby driving the measuring tape (25) to automatically wind up or rewind; A weight device (26) is arranged below the tape ruler (25), the weight device (26) comprising a weight ball (2601) and a buffer shell (2602) made of a transparent resin material and arranged concentrically outside the weight ball (2601), the weight ball (2601) and the lower end of the tape ruler (25) being connected as a whole, a plurality of radially arranged support ribs are arranged between the outer wall of the weight ball (2601) and the inner wall of the buffer shell (2602), the support ribs (2603) are arranged on the left and right sides of the weight ball (2601) or near the upper end thereof, an arc retainer (2604) is arranged on the inner wall of the buffer shell (2602) near the lower end, and a return spring (2604) is arranged directly below the weight ball (2601). 2605), two piezoelectric sensing luminous balls (2606) are arranged on opposite sides of the reset spring (2605), and the piezoelectric sensing luminous balls (2606) are arranged between the arc-shaped retainer (2604) and the counterweight ball (2601). When the weight device (26) falls to the bottom of the foundation pit, the counterweight ball (2601) and the buffer shell (2602) can squeeze the reset spring (2605) and the piezoelectric sensing luminous balls (2606), and the piezoelectric sensing luminous balls (2606) are pressed to emit light; when the measurement is completed, the buffer shell (2602) is reset under the action of the reset spring (2605) and the arc-shaped retainer (2604), and the piezoelectric sensing luminous balls (2606) no longer emit light.

2. A foundation pit depth monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting device (18) comprises: A second connecting plate (1801) used for detachably fixing the connecting device (18); A fixed base (1802) connected to the second connecting plate (1801) as a whole, and forming a space inside the fixed base for accommodating the ball head (1803); A fixed cover (1804), which is arranged below the fixed base (1802) and is detachably connected thereto via a fixing bolt (1805); the inner surface of the fixed cover (1804) is a curved surface and matches the curved surface below the center line of the ball head (1803); The first connecting rod (1806) is fixed on the ball head (1803) and extends downward.

3. A foundation pit depth monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The measuring tape device (24) comprises: A tape measure housing (2401) for accommodating and supporting a tape measure wheel (2402); A measuring tape wheel (2402) having a reel shaft (2403) disposed at the center thereof, the reel shaft (2403) passing through the measuring tape housing (2401) and being capable of rotating relative to the measuring tape housing (2401) under the action of an external force, the measuring tape (25) being wound around the measuring tape wheel (2402) and being capable of being wound or unwound; The limiting pulley (2404) is used to guide the limiting tape (25) to extend toward the guide opening (2405) of the tape measure device (24).

4. A foundation pit depth monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A central rotating shaft (2204) is arranged at the center of the worm wheel (2202), and the central rotating shaft (2204) can drive the reel rotating shaft (2403) to rotate when the worm wheel (2202) rotates.

5. The foundation pit depth monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tape ruler (25) comprises a steel base layer (2501), a connection layer (2502) and a reinforcement layer (2503); a measurement mark is provided on a side of the steel base layer (2501) away from the reinforcement layer (2503); and the cross section of the tape ruler (25) is arranged in an I-shape.

6. A foundation pit depth monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The foundation pit depth monitoring device also includes: Install the base (1); A supporting device (2) supported and fixed above the mounting base (1); The sliding device (3) comprises a first drive motor (5), a first guide rail unit (6), a first sliding seat unit (7), a second drive motor (10), a second guide rail unit (12) and a second sliding seat unit (13), wherein opposite ends of the first guide rail unit (6) are arranged on the support device (2), the first sliding seat unit (7) is arranged on the first guide rail unit (6) and can slide horizontally along the first guide rail unit (6) under the action of the first drive motor (5); the second drive motor (10) and the second guide rail unit (12) are arranged on the first sliding seat unit (7), the second sliding seat unit (13) is arranged on the second guide rail unit (12) and can slide horizontally under the action of the second drive motor (10), the connecting device (18) is arranged on the second sliding seat unit (13), and the length direction of the first guide rail unit (6) is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the second guide rail unit (12).

7. A foundation pit depth monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first sliding seat unit (7) comprises a first mounting plate (701) and a second mounting plate (702), the first mounting plate (701) and the second mounting plate (702) being arranged on the upper and lower sides of the first guide rail unit (6), a first connecting plate (8) being arranged on the first mounting plate (701), the first connecting plate (8) being screw-connected to the first transmission screw (9) by screw driving, and the first driving motor (5) being able to drive the first connecting plate (8) to continuously slide along the first guide rail unit (6) when driving the first transmission screw (9) to rotate.

8. A foundation pit depth monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second drive motor (10) is arranged on the second mounting plate (702), and the second drive motor (10) drives the second sliding seat unit (13) to slide along the second guide rail unit (12) via a first transmission belt (14); the second sliding seat unit (13) comprises a connecting slide plate (15) and a connecting base plate (17); the connecting slide plate (15) and the connecting base plate (17) are connected in a "ㄈ" shape and wrapped around the second guide rail unit (12); the connecting base plate (17) is detachably fixedly connected to the connecting device (18).

9. A method for monitoring the depth of a foundation pit, characterized in that: The foundation pit depth monitoring device used in any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises: S1: Equipment installation and calibration; The mounting base (1) is moved to a preset monitoring point at the edge of the foundation pit via the moving assembly (100), the wheel brake of the moving assembly is locked, the connecting device (18) is moved to an initial position at the center of the foundation pit via the first drive motor (5) and the second drive motor (10) of the sliding device (3), and the winding measuring device (4) is naturally vertically downwards by freely rotating the ball head (1803); S2: Detection of the winding of the measuring tape and the bottoming of the weight; The third drive motor (23) is started, and the tape (25) on the measuring tape wheel (2402) is wound up at a reduced speed through the transmission device (22) including the worm (2201) and the worm wheel (2202). The weight device (26) drives the tape (25) to be lowered vertically under the action of its own weight. The limit pulley (2404) ensures that the tape is not deflected. When the weight device (26) contacts the bottom of the foundation pit, the return spring (2605) is deformed under pressure and triggers the piezoelectric sensor luminous ball (2606) to emit light. The third drive motor (23) is immediately stopped and the measuring tape wheel (2402) is self-locked. S3: Reading and calculation of foundation pit depth; Read the measurement mark of the tape (25) at the guide opening (2405) on the measuring tape device (24), record the extended length L of the tape (25), and calculate the foundation pit depth according to the foundation pit depth calculation formula: H = L - Δh + Δp; Wherein, H is the depth of the foundation pit, Δh is the elevation correction value from the installation base to the edge of the foundation pit, and Δp is the difference between the radius of the buffer shell (2602) and the radius of the counterweight ball (2601); S4: Multi-point monitoring and slip positioning; The third drive motor (23) is started to reversely wind the tape (25), and the weight device (26) is raised to a safe height. At this time, the piezoelectric sensor luminous ball (2606) is extinguished, and the first sliding seat unit (7) or the second sliding seat unit (13) is adjusted by the first drive motor (5) and / or the second drive motor (10) to position the winding measurement device (4) to the next monitoring point, and steps S2 and S3 are repeated to complete multi-point depth measurement; S5: Rewinding and equipment transfer; After the foundation pit depth measurement is completed, the third drive motor (23) is started to wind up the tape (25), and after the tape (25) is completely wound back, the worm gear is self-locked, the sliding device (3) is reset to the initial position, the wheel brake of the moving assembly (100) is released, and the moving assembly (100) is transferred to the next construction area.

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