A dam deformation monitoring method, system, device and storage medium

Abstract

The present application provides a dam deformation monitoring method, system, equipment and storage medium, which relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering monitoring. The method includes: obtaining displacement data of a monitoring point on the dam within a first preset time period, calculating the displacement change rate of the monitoring point within the first preset time period according to the displacement data; predicting the first displacement change amount of the monitoring point within a second preset time period according to the displacement change rate; obtaining meteorological data of the environment where the dam is located within the second preset time period, generating a meteorological influence coefficient according to the meteorological data, adjusting the first displacement change amount according to the meteorological influence coefficient, and obtaining a second displacement change amount; obtaining an aging coefficient of the structural material of the dam, adjusting the second displacement change amount according to the aging coefficient, and obtaining a target displacement change amount of the monitoring point; when the target displacement change amount of the monitoring point exceeds the preset change amount, generating early warning information. The technical effect of the present application is to improve the accuracy of the deformation trend prediction of the dam.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering monitoring, and in particular to a dam deformation monitoring method, system, equipment and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of water conservancy projects, the safe operation of dams, as important water conservancy facilities, is directly related to social and economic development and the safety of people's lives and property. Dams will inevitably deform during long-term operation, so it is necessary to monitor the dam in real time and accurately predict its deformation trend, so as to promptly discover safety hazards and prevent major accidents.

[0003] At present, the commonly used dam deformation monitoring method is mainly to set displacement sensors at key parts of the dam (such as the dam crest, spillway, dam body and other important structural parts), and predict the deformation trend of the dam based on the displacement data collected by these sensors. Although the above method can make a preliminary prediction of the deformation trend of the dam, in actual application, the deformation of the dam is also affected by other dimensions. Predicting the deformation trend of the dam based only on the displacement data collected by the sensor will result in insufficient accuracy of the prediction results. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a dam deformation monitoring method, system, device and storage medium for improving the accuracy of dam deformation trend prediction.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a dam deformation monitoring method, the method comprising: obtaining displacement data of a monitoring point on the dam within a first preset time period, and calculating the displacement change rate of the monitoring point within the first preset time period based on the displacement data; predicting a first displacement change amount of the monitoring point within a second preset time period based on the displacement change rate, the second preset time period being after the first preset time period; obtaining meteorological data of the environment in which the dam is located within the second preset time period, generating a meteorological influence coefficient based on the meteorological data, and adjusting the first displacement change amount based on the meteorological influence coefficient to obtain a second displacement change amount of the monitoring point within the second preset time period; obtaining an aging coefficient of the structural material of the dam, and adjusting the second displacement change amount based on the aging coefficient to obtain a target displacement change amount of the monitoring point within the second preset time period; when the target displacement change amount of the monitoring point exceeds the preset change amount, generating and sending an early warning message to a monitoring terminal.

[0006] By adopting the above technical scheme, the displacement change rate is calculated by obtaining the displacement data of the dam monitoring point, and the first displacement change is predicted based on the change rate. The first displacement change is adjusted to obtain the second displacement change in combination with the meteorological influence coefficient generated by the meteorological data. The second displacement change is further adjusted to obtain the target displacement change by considering the aging coefficient of the structural material, thereby realizing a multi-dimensional analysis and prediction of the dam deformation trend and improving the accuracy of the dam deformation trend prediction.

[0007] Optionally, obtaining the displacement data of the monitoring point on the dam within a first preset time length includes: obtaining three-dimensional coordinate data of the monitoring point on the dam within the first preset time length through a Beidou satellite positioning system, wherein the monitoring point is provided with a Beidou satellite positioning terminal; calculating the displacement change of the monitoring point within the first preset time length according to the three-dimensional coordinate data, and using the displacement change as the displacement data of the monitoring point within the first preset time length.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, a Beidou satellite positioning terminal is set at the monitoring point, and the Beidou satellite positioning system is used to obtain the three-dimensional coordinate data of the monitoring point within a first preset time period, and the displacement change of the monitoring point is calculated according to the three-dimensional coordinate data as the displacement data, thereby realizing the automatic and real-time collection of the displacement data of the dam monitoring point, and improving the collection efficiency and accuracy of the displacement data.

[0009] Optionally, the meteorological data includes rainfall and temperature, and generating a meteorological influence coefficient based on the meteorological data includes: generating a rainfall influence coefficient based on the rainfall, wherein the rainfall influence coefficient is positively correlated with the rainfall, and the rainfall influence coefficient is the ratio of the rainfall to a preset rainfall threshold; generating a temperature influence coefficient based on the temperature, wherein the temperature influence coefficient is positively correlated with the temperature, and the temperature influence coefficient is the ratio of the temperature to a preset temperature threshold; and generating a meteorological influence coefficient by combining the rainfall influence coefficient and the temperature influence coefficient.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, by collecting rainfall and temperature data, the ratio with preset thresholds is calculated to obtain rainfall influence coefficient and temperature influence coefficient respectively, and the meteorological influence coefficient is generated by combining these two coefficients, thus realizing the quantitative processing of the influence degree of different meteorological factors, making the influence of meteorological factors on dam deformation more specific and precise, which helps to improve the accuracy of deformation trend prediction.

[0011] Optionally, the combination of the rainfall influence coefficient and the temperature influence coefficient to generate a meteorological influence coefficient includes: determining a first weight value corresponding to the rainfall influence coefficient; determining a second weight value corresponding to the temperature influence coefficient; arithmetically multiplying the rainfall influence coefficient by the first weight value to obtain a first weighted coefficient; arithmetically multiplying the temperature influence coefficient by the second weight value to obtain a second weighted coefficient; and arithmetically adding the first weighted coefficient to the second weighted coefficient to generate a meteorological influence coefficient.

[0012] By adopting the above technical scheme, by respectively determining the weight values ​​corresponding to the rainfall influence coefficient and the temperature influence coefficient, and multiplying each influence coefficient with its corresponding weight value to obtain a weighted coefficient, and then adding the weighted coefficients to generate a meteorological influence coefficient, differentiated treatment of the influence degree of different meteorological factors is achieved, so that the meteorological influence coefficient can more accurately reflect the comprehensive influence of various meteorological factors on the dam deformation, thereby improving the scientific nature of the deformation trend prediction.

[0013] Optionally, adjusting the first displacement change according to the meteorological influence coefficient to obtain a second displacement change of the monitoring point within the second preset time includes: arithmetically multiplying the first displacement change by the meteorological influence coefficient to obtain a second displacement change.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the second displacement change is obtained by multiplying the first displacement change by the meteorological influence coefficient, which realizes the meteorological factor correction of the prediction result, so that the prediction result of the displacement change can reflect the actual impact of meteorological conditions on the deformation of the dam, thereby improving the accuracy of deformation prediction.

[0015] Optionally, obtaining the aging coefficient of the structural material of the dam includes: obtaining service life data of the structural material of the dam, and generating an age aging coefficient based on the service life data; obtaining actual inspection data of the structural material of the dam, and generating a detection aging coefficient based on the actual inspection data, wherein the actual inspection data includes at least one of crack width, surface corrosion degree and material strength decay rate; performing weighted summation of the service aging coefficient and the detection aging coefficient to generate the aging coefficient of the structural material of the dam.

[0016] By adopting the above technical scheme, the service life data and actual test data of the dam structural materials are obtained to generate the service life aging coefficient and the test aging coefficient respectively, and the weighted sum of the two is used to obtain the aging coefficient of the structural material, thereby achieving a comprehensive assessment of the aging status of the dam structural materials, so that the aging coefficient can more accurately reflect the actual performance attenuation of the structural materials, thereby improving the reliability of deformation prediction.

[0017] Optionally, after adjusting the second displacement change according to the aging coefficient to obtain the target displacement change of the monitoring point within the second preset time, it also includes: acquiring historical deformation data of the dam, and generating a historical deformation characteristic coefficient based on the historical deformation data, wherein the historical deformation characteristic coefficient is used to characterize the deformation law of the dam in different time periods; correcting the target displacement change according to the historical deformation characteristic coefficient to obtain a final displacement change; when the final displacement change of the monitoring point exceeds the preset change, generating and sending an early warning message to the monitoring terminal.

[0018] By adopting the above technical scheme, the historical deformation data of the dam is obtained to generate the historical deformation characteristic coefficient, and the coefficient is used to correct the target displacement change to obtain the final displacement change. At the same time, the early warning threshold is set for real-time monitoring, which realizes the full utilization of the historical laws of dam deformation and the timely early warning of abnormal deformation, making the deformation prediction results more in line with the actual deformation characteristics of the dam, and improving the accuracy of the prediction and the effectiveness of safety monitoring.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present application provides a dam deformation monitoring system, the system comprising: an acquisition module, a prediction module, a first adjustment module, a second adjustment module and an early warning module; wherein:

[0020] The acquisition module is used to acquire displacement data of a monitoring point on the dam within a first preset time period, and calculate the displacement change rate of the monitoring point within the first preset time period based on the displacement data; the prediction module is used to predict a first displacement change amount of the monitoring point within a second preset time period based on the displacement change rate, and the second preset time period is after the first preset time period; the first adjustment module is used to acquire meteorological data of the environment in which the dam is located within the second preset time period, generate a meteorological influence coefficient based on the meteorological data, and adjust the first displacement change amount according to the meteorological influence coefficient to obtain a second displacement change amount of the monitoring point within the second preset time period; the second adjustment module is used to acquire an aging coefficient of a structural material of the dam, and adjust the second displacement change amount according to the aging coefficient to obtain a target displacement change amount of the monitoring point within the second preset time period; the early warning module is used to generate and send an early warning message to a preset monitoring terminal when the target displacement change amount of the monitoring point exceeds a preset change amount.

[0021] In the third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, adopting the following technical solution: including a processor, a memory, a user interface and a network interface, the memory is used to store instructions, the user interface and the network interface are used to communicate with other devices, and the processor is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory so that the electronic device executes a computer program such as any of the above-mentioned dam deformation monitoring methods.

[0022] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which adopts the following technical solution: storing a computer program that can be loaded by a processor and execute any of the above-mentioned dam deformation monitoring methods.

[0023] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0024] The displacement change rate is calculated by obtaining the displacement data of the dam monitoring point, and the first displacement change is predicted based on the change rate. The first displacement change is adjusted to obtain the second displacement change in combination with the meteorological influence coefficient generated by the meteorological data. The second displacement change is further adjusted to obtain the target displacement change by considering the aging coefficient of the structural material, thereby realizing multi-dimensional analysis and prediction of the dam deformation trend and improving the accuracy of the dam deformation trend prediction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a dam deformation monitoring method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a dam deformation monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Description of reference numerals: 1000, electronic device; 1001, processor; 1002, communication bus; 1003, user interface; 1004, network interface; 1005, memory. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments.

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, words such as "illustrative", "for example" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "illustrative", "for example" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "illustrative", "for example" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a concrete way.

[0031] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a dam deformation monitoring method provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes S101-S105:

[0032] S101, obtaining displacement data of a monitoring point on the dam within a first preset time period, and calculating the displacement change rate of the monitoring point within the first preset time period based on the displacement data.

[0033] In a specific embodiment, multiple monitoring points are pre-deployed at key locations of the dam, and each monitoring point is provided with a Beidou satellite positioning terminal. The locations of the monitoring points include but are not limited to important structural locations such as the dam crest, the dam body surface, and the dam foundation. The first preset duration can be a time period such as one day, one week, or one month. In this embodiment, one week is taken as an example.

[0034] In actual applications, the Beidou satellite positioning terminal collects the three-dimensional coordinate data of the monitoring point every predetermined time interval (for example, every 4 hours). Among them, the three-dimensional coordinate data includes longitude, latitude and elevation. By comparing and analyzing the three-dimensional coordinate data of the same monitoring point at different time points, the displacement change of the monitoring point in three directions is calculated. Specifically, the coordinate difference between two adjacent time points can be used as the displacement change within the time period. The displacement changes of all time points within a week are accumulated to obtain the total displacement data of the monitoring point within the first preset time length (i.e., one week).

[0035] In order to more accurately reflect the deformation trend of the dam, it is necessary to calculate the displacement change rate of the monitoring point within the first preset time period. Specifically, the total displacement data is divided by the corresponding time interval (i.e. one week) to obtain the average displacement change rate. The displacement change rate can characterize the speed of dam deformation and is an important basic parameter for predicting future deformation trends.

[0036] Based on the above embodiment, as an optional implementation, in S101, obtaining the displacement data of the monitoring point on the dam within the first preset time period specifically includes S11-S12:

[0037] S11, obtaining three-dimensional coordinate data of a monitoring point on the dam within a first preset time period through a Beidou satellite positioning system, wherein the monitoring point is provided with a Beidou satellite positioning terminal.

[0038] In order to achieve high-precision real-time monitoring of the displacement of the dam monitoring points, this embodiment uses the Beidou satellite positioning system as a means of data collection. Beidou satellite positioning terminals are installed at key monitoring points of the dam. The terminal includes a high-precision GNSS antenna and a receiver, which can simultaneously receive satellite signals of multiple systems such as Beidou and GPS, and achieve centimeter-level positioning accuracy through RTK technology. Within the first preset time period (for example, 90 days), the Beidou satellite positioning terminal continuously collects the spatial position information of the monitoring point at a set sampling frequency (such as once an hour) to obtain accurate three-dimensional coordinate data (X, Y, Z), where X represents the longitude direction, Y represents the latitude direction, and Z represents the coordinate value of the elevation direction. In order to eliminate satellite signal errors and atmospheric influences, differential positioning technology is used, and base stations are deployed around the dam to improve positioning accuracy through real-time differential data correction.

[0039] S12, calculating the displacement change of the monitoring point within the first preset time period according to the three-dimensional coordinate data, and using the displacement change as the displacement data of the monitoring point within the first preset time period.

[0040] After obtaining the three-dimensional coordinate data, the coordinates at the start time of the first preset time length are selected as the reference point, and the displacement change of the monitoring point relative to the reference point at different times is calculated. Through the spatial vector calculation method, using the formula Calculate the total displacement, where (X0, Y0, Z0) is the coordinate of the reference point and (Xt, Yt, Zt) is the coordinate at time t. For example, the displacement calculation results of a monitoring point within 90 days show that the maximum displacement change is 2.1 mm, and the average daily displacement change is about 0.03 mm. This monitoring method based on the Beidou satellite positioning system has the advantages of high automation, high accuracy, and all-weather operation. At the same time, it can obtain the three-dimensional deformation information of the monitoring point, which is more comprehensive and reliable than the traditional manual measurement method.

[0041] S102: predicting a first displacement change of a monitoring point within a second preset time period according to the displacement change rate, the second preset time period being after the first preset time period.

[0042] Specifically, the displacement change rate data obtained within the first preset time length are first analyzed and processed. Considering that the dam deformation has certain continuity and inertia characteristics, the time series analysis method can be used to perform trend analysis on the displacement change rate. In this embodiment, the displacement change rate data is processed by the weighted moving average method, that is, different weights are assigned to the displacement change rates at the most recent time points, with newer data being assigned a larger weight and older data being assigned a smaller weight, thereby obtaining a weighted average change rate with time correlation.

[0043] Based on the processed displacement change rate, the linear extrapolation method is used to predict the first displacement change within the second preset time length. The specific calculation formula is: first displacement change = weighted average change rate × second preset time length. For example, the weighted average horizontal displacement change rate of a monitoring point within the first preset time length is 0.2 mm / day. When the second preset time length is 7 days, the predicted first displacement change is 1.4 mm. It should be noted that the first displacement change is a preliminary prediction value, and further corrections need to be made considering meteorological factors, material aging and other influences.

[0044] S103, obtaining meteorological data of the environment where the dam is located within a second preset time period, generating a meteorological influence coefficient based on the meteorological data, adjusting the first displacement change amount based on the meteorological influence coefficient, and obtaining a second displacement change amount of the monitoring point within the second preset time period.

[0045] In the specific implementation, firstly, the meteorological department is used to obtain the weather forecast data of the area where the dam is located within the second preset time period, mainly including two key parameters: rainfall and temperature. Among them, rainfall is in millimeters per day and temperature is in degrees Celsius. Considering that rainfall and temperature changes have different characteristics on the deformation of the dam, it is necessary to establish rainfall influence coefficient and temperature influence coefficient respectively.

[0046] For the calculation of rainfall impact coefficient, a preset rainfall threshold is set based on engineering experience. For example, the multi-year daily average rainfall of 30 mm in the area can be taken as the threshold. The rainfall impact coefficient is defined as the ratio of the predicted rainfall to the preset rainfall threshold, which reflects the degree of influence of rainfall on deformation. When the predicted rainfall is greater than the threshold, the rainfall impact coefficient is greater than 1, indicating that the deformation will be aggravated; conversely, the rainfall impact coefficient is less than 1, indicating that the deformation impact is small; when the predicted rainfall is equal to the threshold, the rainfall impact coefficient is 1, indicating that the impact of rainfall on deformation is at a normal level, that is, no abnormal or additional deformation impact will occur.

[0047] For the temperature influence coefficient, a preset temperature threshold is also set, for example, 20°C is taken as the reference temperature. The temperature influence coefficient is defined as the ratio of the predicted temperature to the preset temperature threshold. Temperature changes will cause thermal expansion and contraction of the dam structure, thereby affecting the deformation. When the temperature influence coefficient is greater than 1, it means that the temperature change will increase the deformation; when it is less than 1, it means that the effect of temperature change on the deformation is small; when the temperature influence coefficient is equal to 1, it means that the effect of temperature on the deformation is at a normal level, that is, no abnormal or additional thermal expansion and contraction deformation will occur.

[0048] In order to comprehensively consider the impact of rainfall and temperature, the two influence coefficients need to be weighted. According to engineering practice experience, the weight of the rainfall influence coefficient can be set to 0.6, and the weight of the temperature influence coefficient can be set to 0.4. The final meteorological influence coefficient is obtained by multiplying each influence coefficient with the corresponding weight and summing them. For example, when the rainfall influence coefficient is 1.2 and the temperature influence coefficient is 0.8, the calculated meteorological influence coefficient is: 1.2×0.6+0.8×0.4=1.04.

[0049] Finally, the first displacement change is multiplied by the meteorological influence coefficient to obtain the second displacement change after considering the meteorological influence. For example, when the first displacement change is 0.4 mm and the meteorological influence coefficient is 1.04, the calculated second displacement change is 0.416 mm. This revised prediction value better reflects the impact of meteorological conditions on dam deformation.

[0050] Taking the displacement prediction of a dam monitoring point within the second preset time (7 days) as an example, it is known that the first displacement change is 0.4 mm. According to the forecast of the meteorological department, the predicted average daily rainfall during this period is 45 mm / day, and the predicted average daily temperature is 25°C. Taking the local multi-year average daily rainfall of 30 mm / day as the rainfall threshold and 20°C as the temperature threshold, the rainfall influence coefficient is calculated to be 45 / 30=1.5, and the temperature influence coefficient is 25 / 20=1.25. Using a rainfall weight of 0.6 and a temperature weight of 0.4, the comprehensive meteorological influence coefficient is calculated to be 1.5×0.6+1.25×0.4=1.4. Multiply the first displacement change of 0.4 mm by the meteorological influence coefficient of 1.4, and finally the second displacement change after considering the meteorological influence is 0.56 mm.

[0051] Based on the above embodiment, as an optional implementation, in S103, the meteorological data includes rainfall and temperature, and generating the meteorological influence coefficient according to the meteorological data specifically includes S31-S33:

[0052] S31, generating a rainfall influence coefficient according to the rainfall, wherein the rainfall influence coefficient is positively correlated with the rainfall, and the rainfall influence coefficient is a ratio of the rainfall to a preset rainfall threshold.

[0053] Rainfall will have a significant impact on the deformation of the dam, mainly by increasing the reservoir water level, changing the seepage field, and affecting the properties of concrete materials. In order to quantify the degree of influence of rainfall on the deformation of the dam, this embodiment establishes a calculation method for the influence coefficient based on rainfall. First, it is necessary to determine the preset rainfall threshold, which is determined based on the multi-year average rainfall in the area where the dam is located and engineering experience. For example, the local multi-year daily average rainfall of 30 mm / day is used as the preset rainfall threshold. After obtaining the daily average rainfall forecast data within the second preset time period (7 days), the rainfall influence coefficient is calculated by the ratio of rainfall to the preset threshold. When the predicted daily average rainfall is 45 mm / day, the rainfall influence coefficient is calculated as 45 / 30=1.5, indicating that the rainfall exceeds the normal level by 50%, and it is expected to cause the dam deformation to increase by 50%. The setting of this linear relationship is based on the statistical analysis of a large amount of historical monitoring data, and it is found that within a certain range, the deformation of the dam is basically proportional to the rainfall.

[0054] S32, generating a temperature influence coefficient according to the temperature, wherein the temperature influence coefficient is positively correlated with the temperature, and the temperature influence coefficient is a ratio of the temperature to a preset temperature threshold.

[0055] Temperature change is an important factor affecting dam deformation, and mainly acts on the dam structure through thermal expansion and contraction effects and temperature stress changes. In order to accurately evaluate the impact of temperature on dam deformation, this embodiment establishes a temperature-based influence coefficient calculation method.

[0056] First, it is necessary to determine the preset temperature threshold, which is determined based on the climate characteristics of the area where the dam is located and the thermal properties of the concrete material. For example, 20°C is used as the preset temperature threshold. This value usually corresponds to the relatively stable mechanical properties of the concrete structure at this temperature. After obtaining the daily average temperature forecast data within the second preset time period (7 days), the temperature influence coefficient is calculated by the ratio of temperature to the preset threshold. For example, when the predicted daily average temperature is 25°C, the temperature influence coefficient is calculated as 25 / 20=1.25, indicating that the temperature exceeds the base temperature by 25%, which is expected to cause the temperature deformation of the dam to increase by 25%. The establishment of this linear relationship is based on the theoretical analysis of the temperature deformation of the dam and the statistical law of the measured data. Within a certain temperature range, the thermal deformation of the concrete is basically proportional to the temperature change.

[0057] S33, combining the rainfall influence coefficient and the temperature influence coefficient to generate a meteorological influence coefficient.

[0058] Based on the above embodiment, as an optional implementation, in S33, combining the rainfall influence coefficient and the temperature influence coefficient to generate the meteorological influence coefficient specifically includes S331-S334:

[0059] S331, determining a first weight value corresponding to the rainfall influence coefficient; determining a second weight value corresponding to the temperature influence coefficient.

[0060] S332: arithmetically multiply the rainfall influence coefficient by the first weight value to obtain a first weighted coefficient.

[0061] S333: arithmetically multiply the temperature influence coefficient by the second weight value to obtain a second weight coefficient.

[0062] S334, arithmetically adding the first weighting coefficient to the second weighting coefficient to generate a meteorological influence coefficient.

[0063] Since rainfall and temperature have different degrees of influence on dam deformation, it is necessary to establish a reasonable weighted calculation method to comprehensively evaluate the overall impact of meteorological factors. This embodiment uses a weighted arithmetic method to generate a comprehensive meteorological influence coefficient. First, the weight value of each meteorological factor is determined by correlation analysis of many years of monitoring data. Considering that the impact of rainfall on dam deformation is usually greater than the temperature impact, the first weight value corresponding to the rainfall influence coefficient is set to 0.6, and the second weight value corresponding to the temperature influence coefficient is set to 0.4. It should be noted that the setting of the weight value can be set according to the actual situation. If the temperature influence is greater than the rainfall, the second weight value can be set to be greater than the first weight value. Then the rainfall influence coefficient 1.5 is multiplied by the first weight value 0.6 to obtain the first weight coefficient 0.9; the temperature influence coefficient 1.25 is multiplied by the second weight value 0.4 to obtain the second weight coefficient 0.5. Finally, the two weight coefficients are added to obtain a meteorological influence coefficient of 1.4, which comprehensively reflects the superimposed influence of rainfall and temperature on dam deformation.

[0064] The rationality of weight setting is illustrated by taking a large concrete arch dam as an example. The arch dam is located in southern my country, with a dam height of 180 meters and a normal water storage level of 165 meters. Through the analysis of the monitoring data of the arch dam from 2020 to 2023, it is found that during the flood season (May to September), when there is continuous heavy rainfall (average daily rainfall exceeds 50 mm), the maximum radial displacement of the dam can reach 22 mm, of which about 13.2 mm (60%) can be attributed to the increase in reservoir water level and change in seepage field caused by rainfall; in the same period, the radial displacement caused by the temperature change from 15°C to 35°C is about 8.8 mm (40%). In particular, during a heavy rainfall in July 2022, the cumulative rainfall reached 280 mm in 3 days, causing the reservoir water level to rise rapidly by 5.8 meters, and the radial displacement of the dam increased by 8.5 mm within 48 hours; while the displacement caused by a temperature increase of 5°C during the same period was only 3 mm. This deformation response characteristic shows that the influence of rainfall factors on dam deformation is more direct and significant. Therefore, based on the statistical analysis results of the measured data, the weight of the rainfall influence coefficient is set to 0.6, and the weight of the temperature influence coefficient is set to 0.4.

[0065] S104, obtaining an aging coefficient of the structural material of the dam, adjusting the second displacement change according to the aging coefficient, and obtaining a target displacement change of the monitoring point within a second preset time.

[0066] In this embodiment, the acquisition of the aging coefficient is mainly considered from two aspects: one is the age aging coefficient based on the service life, and the other is the detection aging coefficient based on the actual detection data. For the age aging coefficient, the actual service life data of the dam is first obtained, and the age-aging relationship model is established according to the material aging law. For example, a concrete dam has been in use for 30 years. According to the aging characteristic curve of the concrete material, it can be determined that its age aging coefficient is 1.15, indicating that the material performance degradation caused by the service life reaches 15%.

[0067] The acquisition of the detection aging coefficient requires the collection of actual test data of the dam structure materials, including parameters such as crack width, surface corrosion degree and material strength decay rate. Among them, the crack width is measured by a crack width gauge, the surface corrosion degree is evaluated by professional testing equipment, and the material strength decay rate is obtained by non-destructive testing methods. These test data are compared with the initial state or design standards of the material to calculate the decay ratio of each parameter. For example, when the detected concrete strength is 10% lower than the design strength, the aging coefficient corresponding to the strength decay can be set to 1.1; when the surface corrosion depth is found to reach 5 mm, the corresponding aging coefficient can be determined as 1.08 according to the corrosion assessment standard.

[0068] In order to comprehensively consider the influence of various aging factors, it is necessary to weight the age aging coefficient and the detection aging coefficient. According to engineering experience, the weight of the age aging coefficient can be set to 0.4, and the weight of the detection aging coefficient can be set to 0.6, which will emphasize the importance of the actual test results. The final aging coefficient is obtained by weighted summation, and the calculation formula is: aging coefficient = age aging coefficient × 0.4 + detection aging coefficient × 0.6.

[0069] After obtaining the aging coefficient, the second displacement change is multiplied by the aging coefficient to obtain the target displacement change that takes into account the influence of material aging. For example, when the second displacement change is 1.456 mm and the calculated aging coefficient is 1.12, the final target displacement change is 1.631 mm. This revised prediction value comprehensively considers the influence of material aging on dam deformation.

[0070] For example, a dam has been in use for 30 years, and an aging assessment is conducted based on the structural inspection data. Based on the 30-year service life, the age aging coefficient is determined to be 1.15; through actual inspection, it is found that the concrete strength is 10% lower than the design value, corresponding to a coefficient of 1.1, the surface corrosion depth is 5 mm, corresponding to a coefficient of 1.08, and the crack width growth rate is 12%, corresponding to a coefficient of 1.12. The average value of these three inspection data, 1.10, is taken as the inspection aging coefficient. Using a year weight of 0.4 and a detection weight of 0.6, the comprehensive aging coefficient is calculated to be 1.15×0.4+1.10×0.6=1.12. The second displacement change of 1.96 mm is multiplied by the aging coefficient of 1.12, and the target displacement change is finally obtained as 2.20 mm. This example clearly shows the complete calculation process of the predicted value from the initial 1.4 mm, to 1.96 mm after correction for meteorological effects, and then to 2.20 mm after correction for aging effects, reflecting the superimposed effects of meteorological conditions and material aging on dam deformation.

[0071] Based on the above embodiment, as an optional implementation, in S104, obtaining the aging coefficient of the structural material of the dam specifically includes S41-S43:

[0072] S41, obtaining the service life data of the structural materials of the dam, and generating an age aging coefficient according to the service life data.

[0073] The structural materials of the dam will degrade with the increase of service life. This aging phenomenon will cause the deformation characteristics of the dam to change. In order to accurately evaluate the impact of material aging on the deformation of the dam, this embodiment establishes an aging coefficient calculation method based on the service life. By collecting the operating data of the dam since its completion, the actual service life of the structural material is obtained. For example, a concrete arch dam has been in operation for 25 years. According to the concrete structure design specification, the design service life of a concrete dam is usually 100 years. The ratio of the actual service life to the design service life is used as the basis of the age aging coefficient, and the nonlinear attenuation characteristics of the concrete strength over time are taken into account, and a logarithmic function is used for correction. The specific calculation formula is: age aging coefficient = 1 + 0.2 × ln (service life / design service life).

[0074] S42, obtaining actual test data of the structural materials of the dam, and generating a test aging coefficient according to the actual test data, wherein the actual test data includes at least one of crack width, surface corrosion degree and material strength decay rate.

[0075] The performance degradation of structural materials is not only related to the service time, but also needs to be evaluated through actual test data. In this embodiment, the test aging coefficient is calculated by collecting actual test data of dam structural materials.

[0076] Taking a concrete gravity dam as an example, three key indicators were obtained through regular inspection: crack width, surface corrosion degree and material strength attenuation rate. Among them, the crack width was measured by a precision crack width gauge, and the maximum crack width was 0.3 mm, which was 0.6 relative to the design allowable value of 0.5 mm; the surface corrosion degree was obtained by three-dimensional laser scanning to obtain the concrete surface erosion depth, the average erosion depth was 5 mm, and the relative warning value of 10 mm was 0.5; the material strength was determined by the rebound method and ultrasonic testing combined with core sampling test, and the current strength was 85% of the design value, that is, the strength attenuation rate was 0.15. The influence of these three indicators was weighted averaged (the weights were 0.3, 0.3, and 0.4, respectively), and the detection aging coefficient was calculated to be 0.92, indicating that the structural performance evaluated based on the measured data remained at about 92% of the design value. The application of this comprehensive evaluation method based on multiple detection indicators in a large reservoir group shows that the correlation between the detection aging coefficient and the actual structural performance is above 0.9, which can accurately reflect the degradation of material performance.

[0077] S43, performing weighted summation of the ageing coefficient and the detection aging coefficient to generate an aging coefficient of the structural material of the dam.

[0078] Based on the above embodiment, as an optional implementation, after S104, adjusting the second displacement change amount according to the aging coefficient to obtain the target displacement change amount of the monitoring point within the second preset time specifically includes:

[0079] The historical deformation data of the dam is obtained, and the historical deformation characteristic coefficient is generated according to the historical deformation data, wherein the historical deformation characteristic coefficient is used to characterize the deformation law of the dam in different time periods; according to the historical deformation characteristic coefficient, the target displacement change is corrected to obtain the final displacement change; when the final displacement change of the monitoring point exceeds the preset change, an early warning message is generated and sent to the monitoring terminal.

[0080] The deformation characteristics of dams usually have obvious time evolution patterns, and future deformation trends can be predicted more accurately by analyzing historical deformation data.

[0081] Taking a concrete arch dam as an example, by collecting automated monitoring data for nearly 10 years, it was found that the dam had obvious seasonal deformation characteristics and interannual cumulative deformation trends. Specifically, by Fourier analysis of historical data, the periodic deformation component and cumulative deformation component were extracted, and the deformation trend equation was obtained by fitting with the least squares method. The ratio of the measured deformation to the theoretical calculated value was defined as the historical deformation characteristic coefficient, which was 1.15 on average in the flood season and 0.95 on average in the dry season, indicating that the actual deformation was slightly greater than the theoretical expectation in the flood season and slightly less than the theoretical expectation in the dry season. The characteristic coefficient was used to correct the target displacement change calculated in the previous steps. For example, in the flood season of 2023, the target displacement change of a monitoring point was 25 mm. After being corrected by the historical deformation characteristic coefficient of 1.15, the final displacement change was 28.75 mm. The warning threshold set by the system is 30 mm. When the final displacement change is close to the warning threshold, the monitoring system pushes warning information to the management personnel through the mobile terminal. The information content includes key parameters such as the location of the monitoring point, the current deformation, and the rate of change.

[0082] S105, when the target displacement change of the monitoring point exceeds the preset change, an early warning message is generated and sent to the monitoring terminal.

[0083] In order to timely discover potential safety hazards of the dam and take preventive measures, it is necessary to establish an early warning mechanism based on the target displacement change. In this embodiment, by comparing the predicted target displacement change with the preset change, when it exceeds the safety threshold, a warning message is sent to the monitoring terminal in time to achieve dynamic monitoring and early warning of dam deformation. The preset change is a safety threshold determined based on dam design specifications, safety assessment standards and historical monitoring experience, and can be set to 2.0 mm / week, for example.

[0084] When the target displacement change of a monitoring point is 2.20 mm, which exceeds the preset change of 2.0 mm, the system automatically generates an early warning information package containing key information such as the monitoring point number, location information, predicted time period, target displacement change, and degree of over-limit. The early warning information is transmitted to the monitoring terminal of the monitoring center through the network, and is pushed to the mobile terminal of the relevant staff at the same time. The early warning information is displayed in a hierarchical manner. When the degree of over-limit is within the range of 0-10%, a yellow warning is displayed, when the degree of over-limit is within the range of 10-20%, an orange warning is displayed, and when it exceeds 20%, a red warning is displayed. For example, in the above example, the target displacement change exceeds the preset change by 10%, and the system generates an orange warning information: "Monitoring point M01 displacement warning: The predicted displacement change in the next 7 days is 2.20 mm, which exceeds the warning threshold of 2.0 mm, and the degree of over-limit is 10%. Please pay close attention to relevant personnel." In the application of a hydropower station, by issuing a displacement warning 7 days in advance, managers can take preventive measures such as strengthening monitoring and limiting loads in a timely manner, effectively avoiding possible safety accidents. At the same time, the hierarchical display of early warning information facilitates managers to quickly judge the severity of the situation and optimize the formulation and implementation of response measures.

[0085] Based on the above method, the present application also discloses a dam deformation monitoring system, such as Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 : is a structural diagram of a dam deformation monitoring system provided by an embodiment of the present application, the system includes: an acquisition module, a prediction module, a first adjustment module, a second adjustment module and an early warning module; wherein,

[0086] An acquisition module is used to acquire displacement data of a monitoring point on the dam within a first preset time period, and calculate the displacement change rate of the monitoring point within the first preset time period based on the displacement data; a prediction module is used to predict a first displacement change of the monitoring point within a second preset time period based on the displacement change rate, and the second preset time period is after the first preset time period; a first adjustment module is used to acquire meteorological data of the environment in which the dam is located within the second preset time period, generate a meteorological influence coefficient based on the meteorological data, adjust the first displacement change according to the meteorological influence coefficient, and obtain a second displacement change of the monitoring point within the second preset time period; a second adjustment module is used to acquire an aging coefficient of a structural material of the dam, adjust the second displacement change according to the aging coefficient, and obtain a target displacement change of the monitoring point within the second preset time period; an early warning module is used to generate and send an early warning message to a preset monitoring terminal when the target displacement change of the monitoring point exceeds the preset change.

[0087] It should be noted that: when the system provided in the above embodiment realizes its functions, only the division of the above functional modules is used as an example. In actual applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the system and method embodiments provided in the above embodiment belong to the same concept, and the specific implementation process is detailed in the method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0088] See also Figure 3 , is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, the electronic device 1000 may include: at least one processor 1001 , at least one network interface 1004 , a user interface 1003 , a memory 1005 , and at least one communication bus 1002 .

[0089] The communication bus 1002 is used to realize the connection and communication between these components.

[0090] The user interface 1003 may include a display screen (Display) and a camera (Camera). Optionally, the user interface 1003 may also include a standard wired interface and a wireless interface.

[0091] The network interface 1004 may optionally include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface (such as a WI-FI interface).

[0092] Among them, the processor 1001 may include one or more processing cores. The processor 1001 uses various interfaces and lines to connect various parts in the entire server, and executes various functions of the server and processes data by running or executing instructions, programs, code sets or instruction sets stored in the memory 1005, and calling data stored in the memory 1005. Optionally, the processor 1001 can be implemented in at least one hardware form of digital signal processing (Digital Signal Processing, DSP), field programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), and programmable logic array (Programmable Logic Array, PLA). The processor 1001 can integrate one or a combination of a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a graphics processing unit (Graphics Processing Unit, GPU) and a modem. Among them, the CPU mainly processes the operating system, user interface and application programs; the GPU is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the display screen; the modem is used to process wireless communications. It can be understood that the above-mentioned modem may not be integrated into the processor 1001, and it can be implemented separately through a chip.

[0093] Among them, the memory 1005 may include a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) and may also include a read-only memory (Read-Only Memory). Optionally, the memory 1005 includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The memory 1005 can be used to store instructions, programs, codes, code sets or instruction sets. The memory 1005 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for at least one function (such as a touch function, a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), instructions for implementing the above-mentioned various method embodiments, etc.; the data storage area may store data involved in the above-mentioned various method embodiments, etc. The memory 1005 may optionally also be at least one storage device located away from the aforementioned processor 1001. As Figure 3 As shown, the memory 1005 as a computer storage medium may include an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module and an application program of a dam deformation monitoring method.

[0094] exist Figure 3In the electronic device 1000 shown, the user interface 1003 is mainly used to provide an input interface for the user and obtain data input by the user; and the processor 1001 can be used to call an application program for a dam deformation monitoring method stored in the memory 1005. When executed by one or more processors, the electronic device executes one or more methods described in the above embodiments.

[0095] An electronic device readable storage medium stores instructions, which, when executed by one or more processors, enable the electronic device to execute one or more of the methods described in the above embodiments.

[0096] It should be noted that, for the aforementioned method embodiments, for the sake of simplicity, they are all described as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should be aware that the present application is not limited by the order of the actions described, because according to the present application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required for the present application.

[0097] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0098] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic, such as the division of the units, which is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some service interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units can be electrical or other forms.

[0099] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0100] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0101] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable memory. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a memory and includes several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned memory includes: various media that can store program codes, such as USB flash drives, mobile hard drives, magnetic disks or optical disks.

[0102] The above is only an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, and the scope of the present disclosure cannot be limited thereto. That is, any equivalent changes and modifications made according to the teachings of the present disclosure are still within the scope of the present disclosure. After considering the specification and practicing the disclosure here, those skilled in the art will easily think of other embodiments of the present disclosure. This application is intended to cover any modification, use or adaptation of the present disclosure, which follows the general principles of the present disclosure and includes common knowledge or customary technical means in the technical field not recorded in the present disclosure. The description and examples are only regarded as exemplary, and the scope and spirit of the present disclosure are defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A dam deformation monitoring method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Acquire displacement data of a monitoring point on the dam within a first preset time period, and calculate a displacement change rate of the monitoring point within the first preset time period based on the displacement data; Predicting, according to the displacement change rate, a first displacement change amount of the monitoring point within a second preset time period, where the second preset time period is after the first preset time period; Acquire meteorological data of the environment of the dam within the second preset time period, generate a meteorological influence coefficient according to the meteorological data, adjust the first displacement change according to the meteorological influence coefficient, and obtain a second displacement change of the monitoring point within the second preset time period; Obtaining an aging coefficient of the structural material of the dam, adjusting the second displacement change according to the aging coefficient, and obtaining a target displacement change of the monitoring point within the second preset time period; obtaining the aging coefficient of the structural material of the dam, including: obtaining service life data of the structural material of the dam, and generating an age aging coefficient according to the service life data; obtaining actual inspection data of the structural material of the dam, and generating an inspection aging coefficient according to the actual inspection data, wherein the actual inspection data includes at least one of crack width, surface corrosion degree and material strength attenuation rate; performing weighted summation of the age aging coefficient and the inspection aging coefficient to generate the aging coefficient of the structural material of the dam; When the target displacement change of the monitoring point exceeds a preset change, an early warning message is generated and sent to the monitoring terminal.

2. The dam deformation monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of obtaining displacement data of a monitoring point on the dam within a first preset time period includes: Acquiring three-dimensional coordinate data of a monitoring point on the dam within a first preset time period through a Beidou satellite positioning system, wherein the monitoring point is provided with a Beidou satellite positioning terminal; The displacement change amount of the monitoring point within the first preset time period is calculated according to the three-dimensional coordinate data, and the displacement change amount is used as the displacement data of the monitoring point within the first preset time period.

3. The dam deformation monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The meteorological data includes rainfall and temperature, and generating a meteorological influence coefficient according to the meteorological data includes: Generate a rainfall influence coefficient according to the rainfall, wherein the rainfall influence coefficient is positively correlated with the rainfall, and the rainfall influence coefficient is a ratio of the rainfall to a preset rainfall threshold; Generate a temperature influence coefficient according to the temperature, wherein the temperature influence coefficient is positively correlated with the temperature, and the temperature influence coefficient is a ratio of the temperature to a preset temperature threshold; The rainfall influence coefficient and the temperature influence coefficient are combined to generate a meteorological influence coefficient.

4. The dam deformation monitoring method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The combining the rainfall influence coefficient and the temperature influence coefficient to generate a meteorological influence coefficient comprises: Determine a first weight value corresponding to the rainfall influence coefficient; determine a second weight value corresponding to the temperature influence coefficient; arithmetically multiplying the rainfall influence coefficient by the first weight value to obtain a first weighting coefficient; arithmetically multiplying the temperature influence coefficient by the second weight value to obtain a second weighting coefficient; The first weighting coefficient and the second weighting coefficient are arithmetically added to generate a meteorological influence coefficient.

5. The dam deformation monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting the first displacement change amount according to the meteorological influence coefficient to obtain the second displacement change amount of the monitoring point within the second preset time period includes: The first displacement change is arithmetically multiplied by the meteorological influence coefficient to obtain a second displacement change.

6. The dam deformation monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the second displacement change is adjusted according to the aging coefficient to obtain the target displacement change of the monitoring point within the second preset time period, the method further includes: Acquiring historical deformation data of the dam, and generating historical deformation characteristic coefficients according to the historical deformation data, wherein the historical deformation characteristic coefficients are used to characterize the deformation laws of the dam in different time periods; According to the historical deformation characteristic coefficient, the target displacement change is corrected to obtain a final displacement change; When the final displacement change of the monitoring point exceeds a preset change, an early warning message is generated and sent to the monitoring terminal.

7. A dam deformation monitoring system, characterized in that: The system includes: an acquisition module, a prediction module, a first adjustment module, a second adjustment module and an early warning module; wherein, The acquisition module is used to acquire displacement data of a monitoring point on the dam within a first preset time period, and calculate the displacement change rate of the monitoring point within the first preset time period based on the displacement data; The prediction module is used to predict a first displacement change amount of the monitoring point within a second preset time length according to the displacement change rate, and the second preset time length is after the first preset time length; The first adjustment module is used to obtain meteorological data of the environment of the dam within the second preset time period, generate a meteorological influence coefficient based on the meteorological data, and adjust the first displacement change amount according to the meteorological influence coefficient to obtain a second displacement change amount of the monitoring point within the second preset time period; The second adjustment module is used to obtain the aging coefficient of the structural material of the dam, and adjust the second displacement change according to the aging coefficient to obtain the target displacement change of the monitoring point within the second preset time period; the obtaining of the aging coefficient of the structural material of the dam includes: obtaining the service life data of the structural material of the dam, and generating the service life aging coefficient according to the service life data; obtaining the actual detection data of the structural material of the dam, and generating the detection aging coefficient according to the actual detection data, wherein the actual detection data includes at least one of the crack width, the surface corrosion degree and the material strength attenuation rate; performing weighted summation of the service life aging coefficient and the detection aging coefficient to generate the aging coefficient of the structural material of the dam; The early warning module is used to generate and send early warning information to a preset monitoring terminal when the target displacement change of the monitoring point exceeds a preset change.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: It includes a processor, a memory, a user interface and a network interface, the memory is used to store instructions, the user interface and the network interface are used to communicate with other devices, and the processor is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory so that the electronic device executes the method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: A computer program is stored which can be loaded by a processor and execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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