Rapid surface area and volume calculation method based on human body three-dimensional reconstruction

Abstract

The invention provides a rapid surface area and volume calculation method based on human body three-dimensional reconstruction. The method comprises the steps of S1, data acquisition, S2, data preprocessing, S3, model reconstruction, S4, model reconstruction, S5, surface area calculation, S6, volume calculation and S7, result analysis, calculation result analysis, and explanation and comparison of the surface area and the volume. The surface area and volume of different parts can be compared, or compared and analyzed with health / disease state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of human body model measurement, and in particular to a method for quickly calculating the surface area and volume based on three-dimensional reconstruction of a human body. Background Art

[0002] Surface area calculation method:

[0003] 1.Mosteller formula: commonly used to estimate the surface area of ​​an adult. The formula is: $\sqrt{\frac{{height (cm)\timesweight (kg)}}{3600}}$. Then multiply the result by 0.20247.

[0004] 2. Du Bois formula: It is also used to estimate the surface area of ​​adults. The formula is: $0.007184\timesheight(cm)^{0.725}\timesweight(kg)^{0.425}$.

[0005] 3.Body Surface Area (BSA) formula: Commonly used in the medical field, it can calculate the surface area based on height and weight.

[0006] 4. Body surface method: Surface area is estimated based on height, weight, age, etc. by using a special body surface chart or calculator.

[0007] Volume calculation method:

[0008] 1. Measurement method: For example, measuring the volume of the body through a volume calculator or water level measurement.

[0009] 2. Imaging technology such as CT scanning: One of the commonly used methods in the medical field, imaging technology can accurately measure the volume of organs.

[0010] 3. Water position replacement method: Place the body in water and calculate the volume by the change of water level.

[0011] 4. Technologies such as MRI scans: Similar to CT scans, MRI scans can provide detailed information about the structure of body tissues, allowing the volume to be calculated.

[0012] Surface area calculation method:

[0013] 1.Mosteller formula:

[0014] Advantages: Simple and easy to use, only requires height and weight.

[0015] Disadvantages: Only suitable for adults, with poor accuracy for children, the elderly and other groups.

[0016] 2. Du Bois formula:

[0017] Advantages: It is also a simple and easy method suitable for adults.

[0018] Disadvantages: Also only suitable for adults, may be slightly inconsistent with the actual surface area.

[0019] 3.Body Surface Area (BSA) formula:

[0020] Advantages: Relatively high accuracy, can calculate surface area based on height and weight.

[0021] Disadvantages: The calculation is slightly complicated and requires the use of a calculator or formula.

[0022] 4. Surface method:

[0023] Advantages: It can estimate the surface area based on different factors (such as height, weight, age, etc.), which is more flexible.

[0024] Disadvantages: Accuracy may be affected by individual differences and measurement methods.

[0025] Volume calculation method:

[0026] 1. Measurement method:

[0027] Advantages: Directly measures the actual volume of the body, which is more intuitive.

[0028] Disadvantages: May require special equipment or tools, and the operation is relatively cumbersome, not suitable for all situations.

[0029] 2. Imaging technology (such as CT scan, MRI, etc.):

[0030] Advantages: It can provide detailed information about body tissue structure and the calculation results are relatively accurate.

[0031] Disadvantages: High cost, requires professional equipment and technical support, and is not suitable for conventional surface area and volume measurement.

[0032] 3. Water position replacement method:

[0033] Advantages: Simple and easy, no special equipment required, suitable for simple volume measurement.

[0034] Disadvantages: Low accuracy, may be affected by measurement technique and individual morphology.

[0035] Comparison of "Diaphragm surface area calculation method and system based on three-dimensional reconstruction technology"

[0036] This patent is mainly aimed at calculating the surface area of ​​the diaphragm in medicine. It uses three-dimensional reconstruction technology combined with medical images (such as CT or MRI) to accurately measure the diaphragm. The following compares the similarities and differences between the two methods:

[0037] 1) Reconstruction technology:

[0038] Similarities: Both rely on 3D reconstruction technology, use image data or point cloud data to reconstruct the model, and use triangular meshing to segment the model.

[0039] Differences: In the patent for calculating the surface area of ​​the diaphragm, more specific medical image processing algorithms may be used, such as 3D reconstruction technology based on image segmentation. These algorithms often combine the characteristics of medical images and are more suitable for processing complex organ shapes rather than standard geometric bodies.

[0040] 2) Area calculation method:

[0041] Similarities: Both use similar geometric calculation methods, such as triangulation, triangle area calculation, etc.

[0042] Differences: The diaphragm surface area calculation patent may include some optimization steps, such as optimizing the generation of the triangular mesh based on the anatomical structural characteristics of the diaphragm and using voxel-based data to refine the surface area calculation.

[0043] 3) Measurement accuracy and objectives:

[0044] Similarities: Both emphasize high-precision surface area calculations, suitable for medical or engineering applications.

[0045] Differences: The patent for diaphragm surface area calculation focuses more on accuracy and reliability in medical applications and may include special post-processing steps, such as noise elimination and data completion, to accommodate the complex morphology of the diaphragm.

[0046] 4) Volume measurement capability:

[0047] Standard triangulated surface area calculation: focuses on surface area and does not directly involve volume measurement.

[0048] Disadvantages of the diaphragm surface area calculation patent: If the patent is limited to surface area calculation and does not include volume measurement, it will lack the ability to evaluate the overall organ function in three dimensions, especially in medical applications. Volume measurement is crucial in assessing the health and function of an organ. Summary of the invention

[0049] The present invention aims to address the defects of the prior art and provide a method for quickly calculating the surface area and volume of a human body based on three-dimensional reconstruction.

[0050] The present invention uses a three-dimensional scanning method to collect human body shape data and three-dimensionally reconstruct a human body model, as follows:

[0051] 1. Data Collection

[0052] Choose the right scanning device: Choose the right scanning device according to your actual needs. For example, if you need to scan a surface, you can choose a laser scanner or a structured light scanner; if you need to scan an internal structure, you can choose a CT scan or an MRI.

[0053] Data collection: Make sure the subject is relatively still in the center of the scanning device to obtain accurate scanning data. During the collection process, the subject can be scanned at different angles or positions as needed to obtain more comprehensive data.

[0054] 2. Data Preprocessing

[0055] Denoising: Remove noise from scanned data through filtering and other methods to improve the accuracy of subsequent processing.

[0056] Registration: If you are using multiple scanning devices or multiple scans, you will need to register the different data sets to ensure they are in the same coordinate system.

[0057] Data repair: Repair missing or damaged parts of the data. Data repair can be performed using methods such as interpolation.

[0058] 3. Reconstruct the model

[0059] Select reconstruction algorithm: Select an appropriate reconstruction algorithm based on the data type and requirements. For example, for point cloud data, a surface reconstruction algorithm such as the Marching Cubes algorithm can be used; for volume data, a voxel reconstruction algorithm can be used. Different types of data (such as point clouds, images, and volume data) are suitable for different reconstruction algorithms. The most appropriate algorithm should be selected based on the specific data structure and requirements. In the present invention, point cloud data reconstruction is the main reconstruction object.

[0060] Model reconstruction: Convert the preprocessed data into a 3D model using the selected algorithm. This may involve steps such as mesh generation, surface fitting, and voxelization.

[0061] Point cloud data is a type of data commonly used to generate 3D scanning and perception equipment, which usually does not contain clear connection relationships. In order to build a 3D model, the common process of point cloud data reconstruction is:

[0062] 1. Mesh generation: For point cloud data or volume data, the core of the reconstruction process is to generate polygonal meshes or triangular patches.

[0063] Using the Marching Cubes algorithm, the specific process is as follows:

[0064] 1. Divide the three-dimensional space into a series of regular cubes and mark the vertices of each cube as "inside" or "outside", depending on where the data point is located.

[0065] 2. Within each cube, determine which vertices need to be connected by looking up the edge table.

[0066] 3. Generate triangular patches and connect them to form a mesh. These triangular patches will eventually form the surface of the entire 3D model.

[0067] 2. Surface fitting: For data that requires a smooth surface, the Poisson reconstruction algorithm is used. The basic process is:

[0068] 1. Compute the gradient field and normal vector of the point cloud.

[0069] 2. Through global fitting, these gradient field information are used to generate smooth surfaces.

[0070] 3. Generate the final triangular patch to represent the model surface.

[0071] 5. Surface area calculation

[0072] Triangulation: First, convert the model into a mesh composed of triangles. Use a triangulation algorithm in computer graphics, such as the Delaunay triangulation algorithm.

[0073] Area calculation: For each triangle, first calculate the coordinates of its three vertices. Use the vertex coordinates of the triangle to calculate the side length of the triangle. The distance between two points can be calculated using the Euclidean distance formula.

[0074] Use Heron's formula to calculate the area of ​​a triangle. Heron's formula is:

[0075]

[0076] Where s is the semi-perimeter, and a, b, and c are the lengths of the three sides of the triangle. Add up the areas of all the triangles to get the total surface area of ​​the model.

[0077] 6. Volume calculation

[0078] Volume approximation: If the model is a surface model, it can be approximated as the sum of the volumes of a series of small cubes. This process can be done by dividing the model into many small cubes, calculating the volume of each small cube, and then adding up their volumes. There are many ways to divide the model, such as using a meshing algorithm to divide the model into small cubes, and then calculating the volume of each small cube and summing them up.

[0079] step:

[0080] The first step is to divide the model: First, divide the entire model into several small volume units (which can be cubes, tetrahedrons, hexahedrons, etc.). These units can be arranged regularly or divided adaptively according to the shape and structure of the model.

[0081] The second step is to calculate the volume of the small unit: for each small volume unit V i , calculate its volume. This can be done by directly measuring the length of the cell's sides (if it is a regular shape) or using more complex geometric formulas (if it is an irregular shape).

[0082] The third step is to add up the volumes: add up the volumes of all small units to get the approximate volume of the entire model. This process can be expressed mathematically as:

[0083]

[0084] Where: V total is the approximate volume of the entire model; V i is the volume of the i-th small volume unit, and n is the total number of small volume units after segmentation.

[0085] Step 4: Accuracy considerations: The accuracy of the accumulated volume depends on the size and shape of the small units. Generally speaking, the smaller the small units, the finer the division, and the more accurate the approximation of the total volume. However, this also means that the amount of calculation will increase.

[0086] 7. Results Analysis

[0087] Analyze the calculation results to interpret and compare surface area and volume. You can compare surface area and volume of different parts or compare them to healthy / disease states.

[0088] 8. Visualization

[0089] Use 3D rendering technology to visualize the calculation results for a more intuitive understanding and sharing of the results. You can use 3D rendering software or libraries to display the distribution of the model surface area and volume, and generate visual reports or animations.

[0090] A computer-readable medium storing software, the software comprising instructions executable by one or more computers, the instructions causing the one or more computers to perform operations through such execution, the operations comprising the process of the above-mentioned system.

[0091] A computer system comprising:

[0092] one or more processors;

[0093] The memory stores operable instructions, which, when executed by the one or more processors, enable the one or more processors to perform operations, wherein the operations include the process of the above-mentioned system.

[0094] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0095] 1. High precision and accuracy

[0096] Through modern 3D scanning technology, high-precision human body data, including surface and internal structures, can be obtained. The reconstruction and calculation process of this method is based on digitized data, avoiding the measurement errors and subjective judgments that may occur in traditional anatomical methods, so it has higher accuracy.

[0097] 2. Non-invasive and non-destructive

[0098] The data is collected using 3D scanning technology, without cutting or sampling, and will not cause any physical damage to the person being measured. Compared with traditional anatomical methods, this non-invasive feature makes the measurement of human surface area and volume safer and more comfortable.

[0099] 3. Fast and efficient

[0100] Modern 3D scanning equipment and computing technology can achieve rapid data acquisition, processing and analysis. Compared with traditional anatomical methods, this method saves a lot of time and labor costs and improves the efficiency of data processing and analysis.

[0101] 4. Visualization and Intuition

[0102] Through 3D reconstruction and visualization technology, the structure and morphology of the human body can be intuitively displayed. This visualization effect makes the calculation results of the surface area and volume of the human body model easier to understand and interpret, helping doctors and researchers to make more scientific and accurate judgments.

[0103] 5. Widely used

[0104] This method has broad application prospects in the fields of medicine, biology, ergonomics, etc. For example, it can be used in medical diagnosis, surgical planning, medical device design, etc., which helps to improve the quality and efficiency of medical services.

[0105] 6. Data can be reused

[0106] The acquired 3D data can be saved and shared, and a human body digital database can be established. These data can be used for future research and applications, promoting a deeper understanding and application of human body structure and function.

[0107] 7. Personalization and customization

[0108] Through 3D scanning and analysis of individuals, personalized medical services and product customization can be achieved. This personalized feature helps to provide more accurate and effective treatment plans and product designs for each person, improving the personalized level of medical services.

[0109] In summary, this method can achieve high-precision, non-invasive calculation of human body surface area and volume, which has broad application prospects and important social significance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0110] Figure 1 It is the data collection interface;

[0111] Figure 2 Rebuild the interface for the data;

[0112] Figure 3 Split the interface for the model;

[0113] Figure 4 It is a fusion data interface.

[0114] Figure 5 It is the grid editing interface;

[0115] Figure 6 It is a computer area and surface calculation interface;

[0116] Figure 7 This is the interface diagram for human body volume segmentation calculation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0117] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a method for quickly calculating the surface area and volume based on three-dimensional reconstruction of the human body.

[0118] The present invention uses a three-dimensional scanning method to collect human body shape data and three-dimensionally reconstruct a human body model, as follows:

[0119] 1. Data Collection

[0120] Choose the right scanning device: Choose the right scanning device according to your actual needs. For example, if you need to scan a surface, you can choose a laser scanner or a structured light scanner; if you need to scan an internal structure, you can choose a CT scan or an MRI.

[0121] Data collection: Make sure the subject is relatively still in the center of the scanning device to obtain accurate scanning data. During the collection process, the subject can be scanned at different angles or positions as needed to obtain more comprehensive data.

[0122] 2. Data Preprocessing

[0123] Denoising: Remove noise from scanned data through filtering and other methods to improve the accuracy of subsequent processing.

[0124] Registration: If you are using multiple scanning devices or multiple scans, you will need to register the different data sets to ensure they are in the same coordinate system.

[0125] Data repair: Repair missing or damaged parts of the data. Data repair can be performed using methods such as interpolation.

[0126] 3. Reconstruct the model

[0127] Select reconstruction algorithm: Select an appropriate reconstruction algorithm based on the data type and requirements. For example, for point cloud data, a surface reconstruction algorithm such as the Marching Cubes algorithm can be used; for volume data, a voxel reconstruction algorithm can be used. Different types of data (such as point clouds, images, and volume data) are suitable for different reconstruction algorithms. The most appropriate algorithm should be selected based on the specific data structure and requirements. In the present invention, point cloud data reconstruction is the main reconstruction object.

[0128] Model reconstruction: Convert the preprocessed data into a 3D model using the selected algorithm. This may involve steps such as mesh generation, surface fitting, and voxelization.

[0129] Point cloud data is a type of data commonly used to generate 3D scanning and perception equipment, which usually does not contain clear connection relationships. In order to build a 3D model, the common process of point cloud data reconstruction is:

[0130] 1. Mesh generation: For point cloud data or volume data, the core of the reconstruction process is to generate polygonal meshes or triangular patches.

[0131] Using the Marching Cubes algorithm, the specific process is as follows:

[0132] 1. Divide the three-dimensional space into a series of regular cubes and mark the vertices of each cube as "inside" or "outside", depending on where the data point is located.

[0133] 2. Within each cube, determine which vertices need to be connected by looking up the edge table.

[0134] 3. Generate triangular patches and connect them to form a mesh. These triangular patches will eventually form the surface of the entire 3D model.

[0135] 2. Surface fitting: For data that requires a smooth surface, the Poisson reconstruction algorithm is used. The basic process is:

[0136] 1. Compute the gradient field and normal vector of the point cloud.

[0137] 2. Through global fitting, these gradient field information are used to generate smooth surfaces.

[0138] 3. Generate the final triangular patch to represent the model surface.

[0139] 5. Surface area calculation

[0140] Triangulation: First, convert the model into a mesh composed of triangles. Use a triangulation algorithm in computer graphics, such as the Delaunay triangulation algorithm.

[0141] Area calculation: For each triangle, first calculate the coordinates of its three vertices. Use the vertex coordinates of the triangle to calculate the side length of the triangle. The distance between two points can be calculated using the Euclidean distance formula.

[0142] Use Heron's formula to calculate the area of ​​a triangle. Heron's formula is:

[0143]

[0144] Where s is the semi-perimeter, and a, b, and c are the lengths of the three sides of the triangle. Add up the areas of all the triangles to get the total surface area of ​​the model.

[0145] 6. Volume calculation

[0146] Volume approximation: If the model is a surface model, it can be approximated as the sum of the volumes of a series of small cubes. This process can be done by dividing the model into many small cubes, calculating the volume of each small cube, and then adding up their volumes. There are many ways to divide the model, such as using a meshing algorithm to divide the model into small cubes, and then calculating the volume of each small cube and summing them up.

[0147] step:

[0148] The first step is to divide the model: First, divide the entire model into several small volume units (which can be cubes, tetrahedrons, hexahedrons, etc.). These units can be arranged regularly or divided adaptively according to the shape and structure of the model.

[0149] The second step is to calculate the volume of the small unit: for each small volume unit V i , calculate its volume. This can be done by directly measuring the length of the cell's sides (if it is a regular shape) or using more complex geometric formulas (if it is an irregular shape).

[0150] The third step is to add up the volumes: add up the volumes of all small units to get the approximate volume of the entire model. This process can be expressed mathematically as:

[0151]

[0152] Where: Vtotal is the approximate volume of the entire model; V i is the volume of the i-th small volume unit, and n is the total number of small volume units after segmentation.

[0153] Step 4: Accuracy considerations: The accuracy of the accumulated volume depends on the size and shape of the small units. Generally speaking, the smaller the small units, the finer the division, and the more accurate the approximation of the total volume. However, this also means that the amount of calculation will increase.

[0154] 7. Results Analysis

[0155] Analyze the calculation results to interpret and compare surface area and volume. You can compare surface area and volume of different parts or compare them to healthy / disease states.

[0156] 8. Visualization

[0157] Use 3D rendering technology to visualize the calculation results for a more intuitive understanding and sharing of the results. You can use 3D rendering software or libraries to display the distribution of the model surface area and volume, and generate visual reports or animations.

[0158] A computer-readable medium storing software, the software comprising instructions executable by one or more computers, the instructions causing the one or more computers to perform operations through such execution, the operations comprising the process of the above-mentioned system.

[0159] A computer system comprising:

[0160] one or more processors;

[0161] The memory stores operable instructions, which, when executed by the one or more processors, enable the one or more processors to perform operations, wherein the operations include the process of the above-mentioned system.

[0162] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0163] 1. High precision and accuracy

[0164] Through modern 3D scanning technology, high-precision human body data, including surface and internal structures, can be obtained. The reconstruction and calculation process of this method is based on digitized data, avoiding the measurement errors and subjective judgments that may occur in traditional anatomical methods, so it has higher accuracy.

[0165] 2. Non-invasive and non-destructive

[0166] The data is collected using 3D scanning technology, without cutting or sampling, and will not cause any physical damage to the person being measured. Compared with traditional anatomical methods, this non-invasive feature makes the measurement of human surface area and volume safer and more comfortable.

[0167] 3. Fast and efficient

[0168] Modern 3D scanning equipment and computing technology can achieve rapid data acquisition, processing and analysis. Compared with traditional anatomical methods, this method saves a lot of time and labor costs and improves the efficiency of data processing and analysis.

[0169] 4. Visualization and Intuition

[0170] Through 3D reconstruction and visualization technology, the structure and morphology of the human body can be intuitively displayed. This visualization effect makes the calculation results of the surface area and volume of the human body model easier to understand and interpret, helping doctors and researchers to make more scientific and accurate judgments.

[0171] 5. Widely used

[0172] This method has broad application prospects in the fields of medicine, biology, ergonomics, etc. For example, it can be used in medical diagnosis, surgical planning, medical device design, etc., which helps to improve the quality and efficiency of medical services.

[0173] 6. Data can be reused

[0174] The acquired 3D data can be saved and shared, and a human body digital database can be established. These data can be used for future research and applications, promoting a deeper understanding and application of human body structure and function.

[0175] 7. Personalization and customization

[0176] Through 3D scanning and analysis of individuals, personalized medical services and product customization can be achieved. This personalized feature helps to provide more accurate and effective treatment plans and product designs for each person, improving the personalized level of medical services.

[0177] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. A person with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be determined by the definition of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for rapidly calculating the surface area and volume of a human body based on three-dimensional reconstruction, characterized in that: S1. Data collection Choose the right scanning device: Choose the right scanning device according to your actual needs Data collection: Make sure the subject is relatively still and placed in the center of the scanning device. During the data collection process, the subject can be scanned at different angles or positions as needed; S2. Data Preprocessing De-noising, registration, and data repair: Repair missing or damaged parts of the data, and use methods such as interpolation to repair the data; S3. Reconstruction model Select reconstruction algorithm: Select an appropriate reconstruction algorithm based on the data type and requirements. S4. Model reconstruction: Use the selected algorithm to convert the preprocessed data into a 3D model. This may involve steps such as mesh generation, surface fitting, and voxelization. S5. Surface area calculation Triangular meshing: First, the model is converted into a mesh composed of triangles, using a triangle mesh generation algorithm in computer graphics, such as the Delaunay triangulation algorithm. Area calculation: For each triangle, first calculate the coordinates of its three vertices. Use the vertex coordinates of the triangle to calculate the side length of the triangle. The distance between two points can be calculated using the Euclidean distance formula. Use Heron's formula to calculate the area of ​​a triangle. Heron's formula is: Where s is the semi-perimeter, and a, b, and c are the lengths of the three sides of the triangle. Add up the areas of all triangles to get the total surface area of ​​the model; S6. Volume calculation Volume approximation: If the model is a surface model, it can be approximated as the sum of the volumes of a series of small cubes. This process can be done by dividing the model into many small cubes, calculating the volume of each small cube, and then adding up their volumes. There are many ways to divide the model, such as using a meshing algorithm to divide the model into small cubes, and then calculating the volume of each small cube and summing them up; S7. Results Analysis Analyze the calculation results to interpret and compare surface area and volume. You can compare surface area and volume of different parts or compare them to healthy / disease states.

2. The method for rapid calculation of surface area and volume based on three-dimensional reconstruction of human body according to claim 1, characterized in that: Building a 3D model requires point cloud data reconstruction. The specific method is as follows: S3.

1. Grid generation: S3.

11. Divide the three-dimensional space into a series of regular cubes and label the vertices of each cube as "inside" or "outside", depending on where the data point is located; S3.

12. In each cube, determine which vertices need to be connected by looking up the edge table; S3.

13. Generate triangular patches and connect them to form a mesh. These triangular patches will eventually form the surface of the entire three-dimensional model. S3.2, Surface fitting: For data that requires a smooth surface, use the Poisson reconstruction algorithm: S3.

21. Compute the gradient field and normal vector of the point cloud; S3.

22. Through global fitting, these gradient field information are used to generate a smooth surface; S3.

23. Generate the final triangular patch to represent the model surface.

3. A computer-readable medium storing software, wherein the software includes instructions that can be executed by one or more computers, wherein the instructions, through such execution, cause the one or more computers to perform operations, wherein the operations include the process of the above method.

4. A computer system comprising: one or more processors; A memory stores operable instructions, wherein when the instructions are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors are caused to perform operations, wherein the operations include the process of the above method.

Images