A micro-power consumption data acquisition system
By designing a micro-power data acquisition system, using photovoltaic power supply and low-power wireless communication technology, the real-time and cost problems of existing forest fire monitoring methods when monitoring large forest areas are solved, and real-time, accurate data acquisition and automatic alarm functions of forest fire monitoring are realized.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411622157.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-14
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-04
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
When monitoring large forest fire areas, existing forest fire monitoring methods have problems of real-time and high cost, making it difficult to achieve timely and accurate forest resource changes monitoring and early forest fire forecasts.
A micro-power data acquisition system is designed, including smoke detection module, analog signal acquisition module, filter amplification module, A/D conversion module, digital signal storage module, protocol conversion module and wireless communication module. It uses photovoltaic power supply and low-power remote wireless communication technology to realize the collection and upload of key indicator data of fire monitoring.
Real-time collection and upload of key fire monitoring indicators in forest fire monitoring is realized, automatic alarm and display interface is provided, monitoring costs are reduced, and monitoring is improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN119763258A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of data acquisition, in particular to a micro-power consumption data acquisition system. Background Art
[0002] At present, many countries in the world adopt three methods for forest fire monitoring: ground patrol, observation from lookout towers, and aerial patrol. However, due to the vast area of forests, forest ranger patrols are completely unable to meet the needs of fire prevention and monitoring. Lookout tower observations are prone to miss reports, and there are many blind spots for observation. The alarm capability is difficult to effectively detect fires, and relying on aircraft patrols is extremely expensive and the response speed is not timely enough. Therefore, with the development of detection technology, many forest fire monitoring product ideas have emerged in recent years, such as infrared monitoring, video monitoring, ground wave radar monitoring, lightning strike monitoring, microwave monitoring, and satellite remote sensing monitoring.
[0003] Domestic forest fire monitoring methods mainly include ground patrol, observation from lookout towers, civil aviation aircraft cruise, drone monitoring and meteorological satellite remote sensing monitoring. Among them, ground patrol and observation from lookout towers, and verification of specific warning signals through aircraft cruise, are the main means of forestry management in most large areas. NOAA and Fengyun meteorological satellites have initially realized satellite image monitoring of forest hotspot fires. However, due to the low satellite resolution, the actual burning area cannot be determined, and it is easy to be blocked by meteorological factors such as clouds and fog, etc., the technology for timely and accurate grasp of forest resource changes and real-time monitoring of early forest fire forecasts is still in a blank state. As for forest area coverage using sensors or video technology, most forest areas have complex terrain conditions, lack of power supply and communication facilities, and the construction cost is difficult to be accepted by forestry management departments, and it is completely impossible to obtain market recognition for practicality and promotion. The civil aviation aircraft cruise method is currently being used relatively stably in Jiuzhaigou Scenic Area, but the effective area of this solution is limited by civil aviation routes. The drone monitoring method can conduct relatively fast inspections at specific times and locations, but the cost of long-term large-scale real-time inspections is extremely high and difficult to promote. Summary of the invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a micro-power consumption data acquisition system to solve the problems in the prior art.
[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a micro-power consumption data acquisition system, comprising a smoke detection module, an analog signal acquisition module, a filtering and amplifying module, an A / D conversion module, a digital signal storage module, a protocol conversion module and a wireless communication module, wherein the output end of the smoke detection module is connected to the input end of the analog signal acquisition module, the output end of the analog signal acquisition module is connected to the input end of the filtering and amplifying module, the output end of the filtering and amplifying module is connected to the input end of the A / D conversion module, the output end of the A / D conversion module is connected to the input end of the digital signal storage module, the output end of the digital signal storage module is connected to the input end of the protocol conversion module, and the output end of the protocol conversion module is connected to the input end of the wireless communication module.
[0006] Preferably, it further comprises a photovoltaic component and a power module, wherein the output end of the photovoltaic component is connected to the input end of the power module, and the output end of the power module is connected to the input end of the analog signal acquisition module.
[0007] Preferably, the smoke detection module includes a combustible gas detection module, a PM2.5 detection module and a PM10 detection module.
[0008] Preferably, it also includes a microprocessor, a real-time clock, a switch chip, a FLASH flash memory, and a serial port debugging module. The real-time clock and the switch chip are electrically connected to the microprocessor, the output end of the microprocessor is electrically connected to the input end of the FLASH flash memory, and the output end of the serial port debugging module is electrically connected to the input end of the FLASH flash memory.
[0009] Preferably, the operation process includes the following steps:
[0010] S1, after the program starts, it is initialized first;
[0011] S2, generating a sampling time interval through timer time-sharing control, and the system configuration of the sampling time is realized by controlling the timer interrupt;
[0012] S3, after completing the sampling time configuration, setting the microprocessor to work in low power consumption mode;
[0013] S4. The interrupt wake-up of the microprocessor is realized through the timer. According to whether the beat count of the timer overflows, it switches to the interrupt service subroutine to verify the sampling time. If it is reached, an interrupt wake-up is performed. If it is not reached, the counter is increased by 1 and returns to the counter accumulation waiting state to re-enter the low power consumption mode.
[0014] Preferably, the microprocessor completes the interrupt wake-up, that is, starts the data acquisition working state, at this time, the time-sharing power supply enters the power supply, starts the analog-to-digital conversion, and starts the transmission of the digital signal to the built-in register. After the entire data acquisition process is completed, the interrupt request completed by the A / D conversion module is triggered by the timer control, and the next subroutine is entered to continue the interrupt control state of transferring the digital signal to the FLASH flash memory;
[0015] After the FLASH read and write subroutine is completed, the interrupt is exited through the timer, the low power consumption mode is entered, and the power supply of the microprocessor is turned off.
[0016] Preferably, when the data collection time point arrives, an interrupt signal is triggered to wake up the microprocessor from the low power consumption mode and start working. After 10 milliseconds, a power time-sharing control instruction is issued to turn on the power chip to power the system. After the data collection work is completed, the switch chip is turned off, the public shutdown signal is triggered, and most of the time-sharing clock outputs are turned off. The system enters the LMP3 working mode, and the microprocessor only retains the ACLK signal to continue working, and turns off the VDD, MCLK, SMCLK, and DCO ports.
[0017] Preferably, when the interrupt service subroutine ends, the LPM3_exit function is called to ensure that the microprocessor enters the main program logic after exiting the interrupt work.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0019] 1. Through the ultra-low power consumption smoke concentration sensor powered by photovoltaic power, combined with low-power long-distance wireless communication technology, the key indicator data of fire monitoring can be collected and uploaded, and an automatic alarm and display interface that is easy to manage can be provided in the monitoring center to realize the management capability of outdoor intelligent fire monitoring.
[0020] 2. Compared with the traditional manual supervision by forest rangers and the common automated means such as video, infrared, remote sensing, and drones on the market, this project has obvious competitive advantages in terms of real-time supervision and project cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:
[0022] Figure 1 is a system diagram of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 2 It is the away diagram of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 3 is a flow chart of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 4 The present invention is a circuit diagram of the amplifier pre-stage conditioning. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention.
[0027] See also Figure 1-2 In an embodiment of the present invention, a micro-power consumption data acquisition system includes a smoke detection module, an analog signal acquisition module, a filtering and amplifying module, an A / D conversion module, a digital signal storage module, a protocol conversion module and a wireless communication module, wherein the output end of the smoke detection module is connected to the input end of the analog signal acquisition module, the output end of the analog signal acquisition module is connected to the input end of the filtering and amplifying module, the output end of the filtering and amplifying module is connected to the input end of the A / D conversion module, the output end of the A / D conversion module is connected to the input end of the digital signal storage module, the output end of the digital signal storage module is connected to the input end of the protocol conversion module, and the output end of the protocol conversion module is connected to the input end of the wireless communication module.
[0028] Preferably, it further comprises a photovoltaic component and a power module, wherein the output end of the photovoltaic component is connected to the input end of the power module, and the output end of the power module is connected to the input end of the analog signal acquisition module.
[0029] Preferably, the smoke detection module includes a combustible gas detection module, a PM2.5 detection module and a PM10 detection module.
[0030] Preferably, it also includes a microprocessor, a real-time clock, a switch chip, a FLASH flash memory, and a serial port debugging module. The real-time clock and the switch chip are electrically connected to the microprocessor, the output end of the microprocessor is electrically connected to the input end of the FLASH flash memory, and the output end of the serial port debugging module is electrically connected to the input end of the FLASH flash memory.
[0031] like Figure 1 and 2, data acquisition is composed of analog signal detection, filtering and amplification, A / D conversion, digital signal processing and communication protocol conversion. When the system is working, the sensor converts the sensed combustible gas and PM2.5 gas concentration into electrical signals, which are input into the 12-bit A / D conversion module of the main processor to complete the analog-to-digital conversion after filtering and amplification. At the same time, the main processor reads the sampling time from the peripheral real-time clock and stores the above data processing code into the internal FLASH flash memory through the serial communication mode for the communication module to call.
[0032] The low-power design of the system hardware includes two parts. One part is to select low-power devices, including processors, real-time clocks, FLASH flash memory and wireless communication modules. The other part is to use switch chips for power supply. The CPU that works in time-sharing mode uses time-sharing power supply. When the detector is in standby mode, the power supply of the data acquisition system is cut off. For chips with built-in shutdown function, the control pin configuration is used to shut down the standby mode.
[0033] Among all the hardware modules, the wireless communication module consumes the largest working current. This is because the effective communication distance needs to reach a radius of no less than 7 kilometers. At this time, the transmission time of a 96-byte data packet is 1.2 seconds, and the antenna transmission current is 140 mA. If a communication module with a communication range of 10-15 kilometers is selected, the transmission power consumption will reach 400 mA, which exceeds the maximum power consumption allowed by the intelligent detector design. Therefore, the 7-kilometer 140 mA wireless communication solution was finally selected.
[0034] like Figure 3 , its operation process includes the following steps:
[0035] S1, after the program starts, it is initialized first;
[0036] S2, generating a sampling time interval through timer time-sharing control, and the system configuration of the sampling time is realized by controlling the timer interrupt;
[0037] S3, after completing the sampling time configuration, setting the microprocessor to work in low power consumption mode;
[0038] S4. The interrupt wake-up of the microprocessor is realized through the timer. According to whether the beat count of the timer overflows, it switches to the interrupt service subroutine to verify the sampling time. If it is reached, an interrupt wake-up is performed. If it is not reached, the counter is increased by 1 and returns to the counter accumulation waiting state to re-enter the low power consumption mode.
[0039] Preferably, the microprocessor completes the interrupt wake-up, that is, starts the data acquisition working state, at this time, the time-sharing power supply enters the power supply, starts the analog-to-digital conversion, and starts the transmission of the digital signal to the built-in register. After the entire data acquisition process is completed, the interrupt request completed by the A / D conversion module is triggered by the timer control, and the next subroutine is entered to continue the interrupt control state of transferring the digital signal to the FLASH flash memory;
[0040] After the FLASH read and write subroutine is completed, the interrupt is exited through the timer, the low power consumption mode is entered, and the power supply of the microprocessor is turned off.
[0041] Preferably, when the data collection time point arrives, an interrupt signal is triggered to wake up the microprocessor from the low power consumption mode and start working. After 10 milliseconds, a power time-sharing control instruction is issued to turn on the power chip to power the system. After the data collection work is completed, the switch chip is turned off, the public shutdown signal is triggered, and most of the time-sharing clock outputs are turned off. The system enters the LMP3 working mode, and the microprocessor only retains the ACLK signal to continue working, and turns off the VDD, MCLK, SMCLK, and DCO ports.
[0042] Preferably, when the interrupt service subroutine ends, the LPM3_exit function is called to ensure that the microprocessor enters the main program logic after exiting the interrupt work.
[0043] The low-power design of the system software is mainly achieved by interrupts and time-sharing. When the data collection time point arrives, the interrupt signal is triggered to wake up the CPU from the low-power mode and start working. After 10 milliseconds, the power time-sharing control instruction is issued to turn on the power chip to power the system. After completing the data collection work, the switch chip is turned off, the public shutdown signal is triggered, and most of the time-sharing clock outputs are turned off. The system enters the LMP3 working mode. The CPU only retains the ACLK signal to continue working, and closes the VDD, MCLK, SMCLK, DCO and other ports. It is particularly important that at the end of any interrupt service subroutine, the LPM3_exit function is called to ensure that the CPU enters the main program logic after exiting the interrupt work, rather than directly entering the low-power mode and working in parallel.
[0044] The system software operation process is all under time-sharing control and the lowest power consumption state. After the program starts, it is first initialized, and the sampling time interval is generated through the timer time-sharing control. The system configuration of the sampling time is realized by the timer interrupt control. After the sampling time configuration is completed, the CPU is set to work in low power mode and no longer runs instruction operations unless a main program interrupt wake-up request is received. The CPU interrupt wake-up is also realized through the timer. The specific operation is to switch to the interrupt service subroutine to verify the sampling time according to whether the timer's beat count overflows. If it is reached, the interrupt wake-up is performed. If it is not reached, the counter is incremented by 1 and returns to the counter accumulation waiting state to re-enter the low power mode.
[0045] When the CPU completes the interrupt wake-up, it means that the data acquisition working state is turned on. At this time, the time-sharing power supply enters the power supply, the analog-to-digital conversion is started, and the transmission of the digital signal to the built-in register is started. After the entire data acquisition process is completed, the interrupt request of the completion of the A / D conversion is triggered through the timer control, and the next subroutine is entered to continue the interrupt control state of transferring the digital signal to the FLASH flash memory. Similarly, after the FLASH read and write subroutine is completed, the interrupt is exited through the timer, the low power consumption mode is entered, and the CPU power supply is turned off.
[0046] All modules of the intelligent detector have low power consumption requirements, so the data acquisition circuit will not be able to obtain a large current from the front-end smoke concentration sensor probe. Therefore, the analog circuit amplifier part needs a special emitter follower circuit to ensure that the sampling signal has sufficient data accuracy. According to the working parameters of the CPU, the reference level of the data acquisition system is 0-2.5V, the A / D system has a total of 12 bits, the electrode input range is -1 to 1V, and the minimum sensing level should not exceed 25V / 212 / 2*2=2.5 / 4096V=0.6mV. The amplifier pre-stage conditioning circuit designed according to this indicator (such as Figure 4 ), select R1=R2=100k ohm, C1=0.1uF, cut-off frequency 15.91Hz, trigger reference level 0.62mV.
[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A micro-power consumption data acquisition system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a smoke detection module, an analog signal acquisition module, a filter amplification module, an A / D conversion module, a digital signal storage module, a protocol conversion module and a wireless communication module. The output end of the smoke detection module is connected to the input end of the analog signal acquisition module, the output end of the analog signal acquisition module is connected to the input end of the filter amplification module, the output end of the filter amplification module is connected to the input end of the A / D conversion module, the output end of the A / D conversion module is connected to the input end of the digital signal storage module, the output end of the digital signal storage module is connected to the input end of the protocol conversion module, and the output end of the protocol conversion module is connected to the input end of the wireless communication module.
2. A micro-power consumption data acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a photovoltaic component and a power module, wherein the output end of the photovoltaic component is connected to the input end of the power module, and the output end of the power module is connected to the input end of the analog signal acquisition module.
3. A micro-power consumption data acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smoke detection module includes a combustible gas detection module, a PM2.5 detection module and a PM10 detection module.
4. A micro-power consumption data acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a microprocessor, a real-time clock, a switch chip, a FLASH flash memory, and a serial port debugging module. The real-time clock and the switch chip are electrically connected to the microprocessor, the output end of the microprocessor is electrically connected to the input end of the FLASH flash memory, and the output end of the serial port debugging module is electrically connected to the input end of the FLASH flash memory.
5. A micro-power consumption data acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operation process includes the following steps: S1, after the program starts, it is initialized first; S2, generating a sampling time interval through timer time-sharing control, and the system configuration of the sampling time is realized by controlling the timer interrupt; S3, after completing the sampling time configuration, setting the microprocessor to work in low power consumption mode; S4. The interrupt wake-up of the microprocessor is realized through the timer. According to whether the beat count of the timer overflows, it switches to the interrupt service subroutine to verify the sampling time. If it is reached, an interrupt wake-up is performed. If it is not reached, the counter is increased by 1 and returns to the counter accumulation waiting state to re-enter the low power consumption mode.
6. A micro-power consumption data acquisition system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The microprocessor starts the data acquisition working state after completing the interrupt wake-up. At this time, the time-sharing power supply enters the power supply, starts the analog-to-digital conversion, and starts the transmission of the digital signal to the built-in register. After the entire data acquisition process is completed, the interrupt request completed by the A / D conversion module is triggered by the timer control, and the next subroutine is entered to continue the interrupt control state of transferring the digital signal to the FLASH flash memory; After the FLASH read and write subroutine is completed, the interrupt is exited through the timer, the low power consumption mode is entered, and the power supply of the microprocessor is turned off.
7. A micro-power consumption data acquisition system according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the data collection time point arrives, the interrupt signal is triggered to wake up the microprocessor from low power mode and start working. After 10 milliseconds, the power time-sharing control instruction is issued to turn on the power chip to power the system. After completing the data collection work, the switch chip is turned off, the public shutdown signal is triggered, and most of the time-sharing clock outputs are turned off. The system enters the LMP3 working mode. The microprocessor only retains the ACLK signal to continue working and turns off the VDD, MCLK, SMCLK, and DCO ports.
8. A micro-power consumption data acquisition system according to claim 7, characterized in that: At the end of the interrupt service subroutine, the LPM3_exit function is called to ensure that the microprocessor enters the main program logic after exiting the interrupt work.