System and method for quantitatively evaluating curative effect of exercise intervention on depression of college students based on p300 and fnirs technologies

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of p300 and fnirs intervention treatment, and particularly relates to a p300 and fnirs technology-based quantitative evaluation system and method for the curative effect of movement intervention on undergraduate depression, a data acquisition module is connected with a movement intervention module and receives data information generated in the movement intervention process, and a central processing module is connected with the data acquisition module and receives the data information generated in the movement intervention process. The intervention effect evaluation module is used for receiving data information transmitted by the data acquisition module and analyzing the data information acquired by the data acquisition module in real time, the intervention effect evaluation module is connected with the central processing unit, p300 and fnirs data are combined with a psychological evaluation tool such as a depression scale result, the curative effect of exercise intervention on depression is comprehensively evaluated, p300 and fnirs technologies are combined, and the intervention effect is evaluated. By comprehensively analyzing the electroencephalogram physiological data and the hemodynamic data, quantitative evaluation on the depression curative effect of the college students through exercise intervention is provided, and the comprehensive evaluation method not only can improve the evaluation precision of the intervention effect, but also can provide a scientific basis for formulating a personalized treatment scheme.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of P300 and fNIRS intervention therapy, and in particular to a system and method for quantitatively evaluating the efficacy of exercise intervention on depression in college students based on P300 and fNIRS technology. Background Art

[0002] Since the expansion of enrollment in domestic colleges and universities, the number of college students has become increasingly large, and the number and proportion of students with psychological disorders and behavioral problems has also been rising. Studies have shown that emotional depression has become the third most common psychological problem among college students, second only to obsessive-compulsive symptoms and interpersonal sensitivity; The negative impact of depression among college students has attracted more and more attention from education authorities, and college students with depression have become the main targets of psychological crisis intervention and prevention. In recent years, psychological disorders caused by depression have occasionally occurred in college students. Most of the existing early warning methods for college students' depression are for college counselors to actively pay attention to specific students, which is inefficient and some students with depression are difficult to be discovered. Therefore, a quantitative evaluation system and method for the efficacy of exercise intervention on college students' depression based on P300 and fNIRS technology is provided. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of this section is to summarize some aspects of the embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the specification abstract and the invention title of this application to avoid blurring the purpose of this section, the specification abstract and the invention title, and such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0004] Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a quantitative evaluation system and method for the efficacy of exercise intervention on depression among college students based on P300 and fNIRS technology. By combining P300 and fNIRS technology, a quantitative evaluation of the efficacy of exercise intervention on depression among college students is provided through comprehensive analysis of electroencephalographic physiological data and hemodynamic data. This comprehensive evaluation method can not only improve the evaluation accuracy of the intervention effect, but also provide a scientific basis for the formulation of personalized treatment plans.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A quantitative evaluation system for the efficacy of exercise intervention on depression in college students based on P300 and fNIRS technology, comprising: an exercise intervention module for designing and implementing customized exercise intervention programs such as aerobic exercise, strength training, or yoga; A data acquisition module is connected to the exercise intervention module to receive data information generated during the exercise intervention process; p300 acquisition unit: Use EEG headset to monitor p300 waves and assess cognitive and emotional states by identifying EEG responses after stimulation; fNIRS acquisition unit: monitors changes in blood oxygen levels in brain areas through near-infrared spectroscopy to obtain hemodynamic information about brain activity; The central processing module is connected to the data acquisition module and receives data information transmitted by the data acquisition module. The central processing module includes a data analysis unit, which performs real-time analysis on the data information collected by the data acquisition module. The intervention effect evaluation module is connected to the central processing unit and combines the P300 and fNIRS data with the results of psychological assessment tools such as the depression scale to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy of exercise intervention on depression; User interface module to provide data presentation and feedback capabilities, allowing users, researchers, and clinicians to review and interpret the assessments.

[0006] As a preferred solution of the quantitative evaluation system of the effect of exercise intervention on college students' depression based on P300 and fNIRS technology described in the present invention, the data analysis unit includes a P300 data analysis set and a fNIRS data analysis set: p300 data analysis was used to extract the characteristics of the p300 wave, such as amplitude and latency, to assess cognitive and emotional responses; fNIRS data analysis is used to analyze changes in blood oxygen levels to understand activity levels and changes in brain regions.

[0007] A method for quantitatively evaluating the efficacy of exercise intervention on depression in college students based on P300 and fNIRS technology, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: S1, pre-processing stage: Subject screening and grouping: College students with depression were recruited, screened and randomly divided into an exercise intervention group and a control group.

[0008] Baseline data collection: Before the intervention, baseline data were recorded using P300 and fNIRS devices, and a psychological assessment was performed to determine the initial level of depressive symptoms; S2. Implementation of exercise intervention: Develop an intervention plan: Design an appropriate exercise intervention plan and determine the frequency, intensity and type of intervention.

[0009] Implementation of the intervention: During the intervention period, the exercise intervention was carried out as planned, and P300 and fNIRS data were collected regularly during the intervention. S3. Data collection and analysis: p300 data collection: Before and after the exercise intervention, the p300 EEG recording device was used to collect EEG signals, and the p300 wave characteristics before and after the intervention were compared to analyze whether there were significant changes; fNIRS data collection: Before and after the exercise intervention, the fNIRS device was used to record changes in brain blood oxygen levels. The effects of the intervention on specific brain regions such as the prefrontal cortex were assessed.

[0010] Psychological assessment: Standardized depression scales such as pHQ-9 and BDI were used to evaluate the intervention effect, and combined with EEG and blood oxygen data to analyze the impact of the intervention on depressive symptoms; S4. Result analysis and feedback: Comprehensive evaluation: Integrate P300 and fNIRS data with psychological assessment results to evaluate the comprehensive effect of exercise intervention; Data interpretation: Explain the specific effects of exercise intervention on depression among college students and provide suggestions for future research or clinical applications.

[0011] System feedback: Based on the analysis results, adjust the intervention plan or recommend personalized intervention strategies: As a preferred solution of the method for quantitatively evaluating the efficacy of exercise intervention on college students' depression based on P300 and fNIRS technology described in the present invention, wherein: in step S3, the P300 acquisition method includes the following steps: A1. Equipment preparation: Use the EEG headset and ensure that the electrode position meets the standard; A2. Set up the experimental environment: Choose a quiet environment to reduce noise and interference so as to accurately record EEG signals; A3. Stimulus design: Task design: Use oddball stimuli, such as rare events, or standard stimuli, such as common events, to elicit p300 waves; Stimulus presentation: Use visual stimulation such as images, text or auditory stimulation such as sound, and ensure that the interval and frequency of stimulation are appropriate; A4. Signal acquisition: Data recording: EEG signals were recorded 300-600 milliseconds after stimulus presentation, capturing the positive peak of the p300 wave; Data preprocessing: remove artifacts and noise, perform filtering and data cleaning, and extract the characteristics of the p300 wave; A5. Data analysis: Extract features: Analyze the latency of the p300 wave, that is, the time when the peak occurs, and the amplitude, that is, the intensity of the peak.

[0012] A6. Statistical analysis: Compare p300 characteristics across conditions to assess changes in cognitive or emotional responses.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the method for quantitatively evaluating the efficacy of exercise intervention on college students' depression based on P300 and fNIRS technology described in the present invention, wherein: in step S3, the fNIRS acquisition method includes the following steps: B1. Equipment preparation: fNIRS equipment: prepare a functional near-infrared spectrometer, including the transmitting and receiving probes. The equipment usually consists of multiple light sources and detectors. Sensor configuration: Select the appropriate light source wavelength as needed, generally in the range of 700-900nm, and set the probe to monitor the brain area of ​​interest; B2. Experimental environment settings: Environmental control: Choose a quiet, dry environment to avoid light source interference and body movement. Make sure the subject sits in a comfortable position to reduce motion artifacts; Subject preparation: Ask the subject to remain relaxed and avoid excessive body movements during the test; B3. Sensor placement: Scalp marking: Mark the standard locations of the areas of interest on the subject’s scalp; Probe placement: Fix the transmitter and receiver probes at the marked locations, ensuring good contact between the probes and the skin, usually using tape or adhesive to secure the probes; B4. Stimulus and task design: Task design: Design tasks based on the purpose of the study, such as cognitive load, emotional response, or motor tasks. Tasks should contain sufficient stimulation and rest periods to facilitate data analysis. Stimulus presentation: Use visual, auditory or other sensory stimulation, ensuring that the time interval and frequency of stimulation are appropriate; B5. Data collection: Record data: Start collecting data while presenting the task or stimulus. The fNIRS system will record changes in the absorption of near-infrared light passing through brain tissue. Monitor signal quality: monitor signal quality in real time to ensure data accuracy, check the stability of light sources and detectors, and handle possible artifacts; B6. Data processing: Preprocessing: Filter the collected data, remove artifacts and noise, and perform signal correction. Common processing methods include detrending, de-artifacting, and standardization: Blood oxygen level analysis: The modified Beer-Lambert law is used to calculate the changes in the concentrations of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin in the brain region; Data analysis: Analyze the relationship between changes in blood oxygen levels and tasks or stimuli, and extract relevant time series features; B7. Statistics: Comparison and statistics: Compare changes in blood oxygen levels during different tasks or conditions and use statistical methods to evaluate the effects of interventions; Data visualization: Generate charts or heat maps to intuitively display brain activity areas and time series data.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the method for quantitatively evaluating the efficacy of exercise intervention on college students' depression based on P300 and fNIRS technology described in the present invention, wherein: in step S2, the exercise intervention step includes the following: N1. Goal setting: Define the goal: clearly define the purpose of the intervention, such as improving depressive symptoms, improving physical health, or enhancing cognitive function; Assess needs: Assess the subject's health status, exercise capacity, and personal needs to develop an appropriate intervention plan; N2. Design intervention plan: Choose the type of exercise: Choose the appropriate form of exercise according to the goal and the condition of the subject, such as aerobic exercise, strength training, flexibility training: Create a plan: determine the frequency, intensity, duration, and type of exercise, e.g., 30 minutes of aerobic exercise three times a week; N3. Implement intervention: Sports training: guide subjects on correct sports techniques and safety precautions, and provide personalized training plans; Monitoring execution: Regularly checking the subjects’ exercise progress to ensure they are following the plan. This can be done through a coach, a personal training app, or remote monitoring; N4. Monitoring and adjustment: Record data: Record the subject's exercise performance and progress, including exercise time, intensity, and feelings; Evaluate effectiveness: Regularly evaluate the effectiveness of exercise interventions, using questionnaires, physiological indicators such as heart rate and weight, or psychological assessment tools to measure intervention effectiveness; N5. Data analysis: Analysis and feedback: Combine exercise records and effect evaluation data to analyze the effect of intervention and the adaptation of subjects: Adjust the plan: Based on the analysis results, adjust the exercise plan to better achieve the intervention goals.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the method for quantitatively evaluating the efficacy of exercise intervention on college students' depression based on P300 and fNIRS technology described in the present invention, wherein: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Combining experimental design and task requirements, interpreting the changes in the p300 wave and evaluating its significance in cognition and emotion, this method helps researchers or clinicians understand an individual's cognitive processing and attention state of stimuli; 2. fNIRS technology provides real-time data on brain blood oxygen levels by measuring changes in the absorption of near-infrared light in brain tissue. The acquisition process includes equipment preparation, experimental setup, sensor placement, task design, data recording and processing, and ultimately understanding brain function and activity through data analysis and result interpretation. This method has a wide range of applications in cognitive research, clinical evaluation, and brain-computer interface development; 3. Combining P300 and fNIRS technology, through comprehensive analysis of EEG physiological data and hemodynamic data, a quantitative evaluation of the efficacy of exercise intervention on depression in college students is provided. This comprehensive evaluation method can not only improve the evaluation accuracy of the intervention effect, but also provide a scientific basis for the formulation of personalized treatment plans. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings and detailed embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor. Among them: Figure 1 It is a schematic block diagram of the system of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the steps of the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0019] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to schematic diagrams. When describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, for the sake of convenience, the cross-sectional diagrams showing the device structure will not be partially enlarged according to the general scale, and the schematic diagrams are only examples, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, in actual production, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included.

[0020] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] The present invention provides a quantitative evaluation system and method for the effect of exercise intervention on depression in college students based on P300 and fNIRS technology. The system combines P300 and fNIRS technology to provide a quantitative evaluation of the effect of exercise intervention on depression in college students by comprehensively analyzing brain electrophysiological data and hemodynamic data. This comprehensive evaluation method can not only improve the evaluation accuracy of the intervention effect, but also provide a scientific basis for the formulation of personalized treatment plans. Please refer to Figure 1 ; Please continue reading Figure 1 , a quantitative evaluation system for the efficacy of exercise intervention on depression in college students based on P300 and fNIRS technology, including: The exercise intervention module is used to design and implement customized exercise intervention programs such as aerobic exercise, strength training or yoga.

[0022] A data acquisition module is connected to the exercise intervention module to receive data information generated during the exercise intervention process; p300 acquisition unit: Use EEG headset to monitor p300 waves and assess cognitive and emotional states by identifying EEG responses after stimulation; fNIRS acquisition unit: monitors changes in blood oxygen levels in brain areas through near-infrared spectroscopy to obtain hemodynamic information about brain activity; The central processing module is connected to the data acquisition module and receives data information transmitted by the data acquisition module. The central processing module includes a data analysis unit, which performs real-time analysis on the data information collected by the data acquisition module. The data analysis unit includes the P300 data analysis set and the fNIRS data analysis set, which include: p300 data analysis was used to extract the characteristics of the p300 wave, such as amplitude and latency, to assess cognitive and emotional responses; fNIRS data analysis is used to analyze changes in blood oxygen levels to understand activity levels and changes in brain regions; The intervention effect evaluation module is connected to the central processing unit and combines the P300 and fNIRS data with the results of psychological assessment tools such as the depression scale to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy of exercise intervention on depression; A user interface module that provides data presentation and feedback capabilities, allowing users, researchers, clinicians, etc. to review and interpret the assessments; A quantitative evaluation method for the efficacy of exercise intervention on depression in college students based on P300 and fNIRS technology includes the following steps: S1, pre-processing stage: Subject screening and grouping: College students with depression were recruited, screened and randomly divided into an exercise intervention group and a control group.

[0023] Baseline data collection: Before the intervention, baseline data were recorded using P300 and fNIRS devices, and a psychological assessment was performed to determine the initial level of depressive symptoms; S2. Implementation of exercise intervention: Develop an intervention plan: Design an appropriate exercise intervention plan and determine the frequency, intensity and type of intervention.

[0024] Implementation of the intervention: During the intervention period, the exercise intervention was carried out as planned, and P300 and fNIRS data were collected regularly during the intervention. S3. Data collection and analysis: p300 data collection: Before and after the exercise intervention, the p300 EEG recording device was used to collect EEG signals, and the p300 wave characteristics before and after the intervention were compared to analyze whether there were significant changes; fNIRS data collection: Before and after the exercise intervention, the fNIRS device was used to record changes in blood oxygen levels in the brain and assess the impact of the intervention on specific brain areas such as the prefrontal lobe.

[0025] Psychological assessment: Standardized depression scales such as pHQ-9 and BDI were used to evaluate the intervention effect, and combined with EEG and blood oxygen data to analyze the impact of the intervention on depressive symptoms; S4. Result analysis and feedback: Comprehensive evaluation: Integrate P300 and fNIRS data with psychological assessment results to evaluate the comprehensive effect of exercise intervention; Data interpretation: Explain the specific effects of exercise intervention on depression among college students and provide suggestions for future research or clinical applications; System feedback: Adjust the intervention plan or recommend personalized intervention strategies based on the analysis results; In step S3, the p300 acquisition method includes the following steps: A1. Equipment preparation: Use the EEG headset and ensure that the electrode position meets the standard; A2. Set up the experimental environment: Choose a quiet environment to reduce noise and interference so as to accurately record EEG signals; A3. Stimulus design: Task design: Use oddball stimuli, such as rare events, or standard stimuli, such as common events, to elicit p300 waves; Stimulus presentation: Use visual stimulation such as images, text or auditory stimulation such as sound, and ensure that the interval and frequency of stimulation are appropriate; A4. Signal acquisition: Data recording: EEG signals were recorded 300-600 milliseconds after stimulus presentation, capturing the positive peak of the p300 wave; Data preprocessing: remove artifacts and noise, perform filtering and data cleaning, and extract the characteristics of the p300 wave; A5. Data analysis: Extract features: Analyze the latency of the p300 wave, that is, the time when the peak occurs, and the amplitude, that is, the intensity of the peak.

[0026] A6. Statistical analysis: Compare p300 characteristics across conditions to assess changes in cognitive or emotional responses.

[0027] In step S3, the fNIRS acquisition method includes the following steps: B1. Equipment preparation: fNIRS equipment: prepare a functional near-infrared spectrometer, including the transmitting and receiving probes. The equipment usually consists of multiple light sources and detectors. Sensor configuration: Select the appropriate light source wavelength as needed, generally in the range of 700-900nm, and set the probe to monitor the brain area of ​​interest; B2. Experimental environment settings: Environmental control: Choose a quiet, dry environment to avoid light source interference and body movement. Make sure the subject sits in a comfortable position to reduce motion artifacts; Subject preparation: Ask the subject to remain relaxed and avoid excessive body movements during the test; B3. Sensor placement: Scalp marking: Mark the standard locations of the areas of interest on the subject’s scalp; Probe placement: Fix the transmitter and receiver probes at the marked locations, ensuring good contact between the probes and the skin, usually using tape or adhesive to secure the probes; B4. Stimulus and task design: Task design: Design tasks based on the purpose of the study, such as cognitive load, emotional response, or motor tasks. Tasks should contain sufficient stimulation and rest periods to facilitate data analysis. Stimulus presentation: Use visual, auditory or other sensory stimulation, ensuring that the time interval and frequency of stimulation are appropriate; B5. Data collection: Record data: Start collecting data while presenting the task or stimulus. The fNIRS system will record changes in the absorption of near-infrared light passing through brain tissue. Monitor signal quality: monitor signal quality in real time to ensure data accuracy, check the stability of light sources and detectors, and handle possible artifacts; B6. Data processing: Preprocessing: Filter the collected data, remove artifacts and noise, and perform signal correction. Common processing methods include detrending, de-artifacting, and standardization: Blood oxygen level analysis: The modified Beer-Lambert law is used to calculate the changes in the concentrations of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin in the brain region; Data analysis: Analyze the relationship between changes in blood oxygen levels and tasks or stimuli, and extract relevant time series features; B7. Statistics: Comparison and statistics: Compare changes in blood oxygen levels during different tasks or conditions and use statistical methods to evaluate the effects of interventions; Data visualization: Generate charts or heat maps to intuitively display brain activity areas and time series data; In step S2, the exercise intervention step includes the following: N1. Goal setting: Define the goal: clearly define the purpose of the intervention, such as improving depressive symptoms, improving physical health, or enhancing cognitive function; Assess needs: Assess the subject's health status, exercise capacity, and personal needs to develop an appropriate intervention plan; N2. Design intervention plan: Choose the type of exercise: Choose the appropriate form of exercise according to the goal and the condition of the subject, such as aerobic exercise, strength training, flexibility training, etc.: Create a plan: determine the frequency, intensity, duration, and type of exercise, e.g., 30 minutes of aerobic exercise three times a week; N3. Implement intervention: Sports training: guide subjects on correct sports techniques and safety precautions, and provide personalized training plans; Monitoring execution: Regularly checking the subjects’ exercise progress to ensure they are following the plan. This can be done through a coach, a personal training app, or remote monitoring; N4. Monitoring and adjustment: Record data: Record the subject's exercise performance and progress, including exercise time, intensity, and feelings; Evaluate effectiveness: Regularly evaluate the effectiveness of exercise interventions, using questionnaires, physiological indicators such as heart rate and weight, or psychological assessment tools to measure intervention effectiveness; N5. Data analysis: Analysis and feedback: Combine exercise records and effect evaluation data to analyze the effect of intervention and the adaptation of subjects: Adjust the plan: Based on the analysis results, adjust the exercise plan to better achieve the intervention goals.

[0028] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to the embodiments, various modifications may be made thereto and parts thereof may be replaced by equivalents without departing from the scope of the present invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various features in the embodiments disclosed in the present invention may be used in combination with each other in any manner, and the fact that these combinations are not exhaustively described in this specification is only for the sake of omitting space and saving resources. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A quantitative evaluation system for the efficacy of exercise intervention on depression in college students based on P300 and fNIRS technology, characterized in that: include: an exercise intervention module for designing and implementing customized exercise intervention programs such as aerobic exercise, strength training, or yoga; A data acquisition module is connected to the exercise intervention module to receive data information generated during the exercise intervention process; p300 acquisition unit: Use EEG headset to monitor p300 waves and assess cognitive and emotional states by identifying EEG responses after stimulation; fNIRS acquisition unit: monitors changes in blood oxygen levels in brain areas through near-infrared spectroscopy to obtain hemodynamic information about brain activity; The central processing module is connected to the data acquisition module and receives data information transmitted by the data acquisition module. The central processing module includes a data analysis unit, which performs real-time analysis on the data information collected by the data acquisition module. The intervention effect evaluation module is connected to the central processing unit and combines the P300 and fNIRS data with the results of psychological assessment tools such as the depression scale to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy of exercise intervention on depression; User interface module to provide data presentation and feedback capabilities, allowing users, researchers, and clinicians to review and interpret the assessments.

2. According to claim 1, a quantitative evaluation system for the effect of exercise intervention on depression in college students based on P300 and fNIRS technology is characterized in that: The data analysis unit includes the P300 data analysis set and the fNIRS data analysis set: p300 data analysis was used to extract features of the p300 wave, such as amplitude and latency, to assess cognitive and emotional responses; fNIRS data analysis is used to analyze changes in blood oxygen levels to understand activity levels and changes in brain regions.

3. A quantitative evaluation method for the efficacy of exercise intervention on depression in college students based on P300 and fNIRS technology, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, pre-processing stage: Subject screening and grouping: College students with depression were recruited, screened and randomly divided into an exercise intervention group and a control group. Baseline data collection: Before the intervention, baseline data were recorded using P300 and fNIRS devices, and a psychological assessment was performed to determine initial depressive symptom levels; S2. Implementation of exercise intervention: Develop an intervention plan: Design an appropriate exercise intervention plan and determine the frequency, intensity and type of intervention. Implementation of the intervention: During the intervention period, the exercise intervention was carried out as planned, and P300 and fNIRS data were collected regularly during the intervention. S3. Data collection and analysis: p300 data collection: Before and after the exercise intervention, the p300 EEG recording device was used to collect EEG signals, and the p300 wave characteristics before and after the intervention were compared to analyze whether there were significant changes; fNIRS data collection: Before and after the exercise intervention, the fNIRS device was used to record changes in brain blood oxygen levels. The effects of the intervention on specific brain regions such as the prefrontal cortex were assessed. Psychological assessment: Standardized depression scales such as pHQ-9 and BDI were used to evaluate the intervention effect, and combined with EEG and blood oxygen data to analyze the impact of the intervention on depressive symptoms; S4. Result analysis and feedback: Comprehensive evaluation: Integrate P300 and fNIRS data with psychological assessment results to evaluate the comprehensive effect of exercise intervention; Data interpretation: Explain the specific effects of exercise intervention on depression among college students and provide suggestions for future research or clinical applications. System feedback: Based on the analysis results, adjust the intervention plan or recommend personalized intervention strategies.

4. The method for quantitatively evaluating the efficacy of exercise intervention on depression in college students based on P300 and fNIRS technology according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step S3, the p300 acquisition method comprises the following steps: A1. Equipment preparation: Use the EEG headset and ensure that the electrode position meets the standard; A2. Set up the experimental environment: Choose a quiet environment to reduce noise and interference so as to accurately record EEG signals; A3. Stimulus design: Task design: Use oddball stimuli, such as rare events, or standard stimuli, such as common events, to elicit p300 waves; Stimulus presentation: Use visual stimulation such as images, text or auditory stimulation such as sound, and ensure that the interval and frequency of stimulation are appropriate; A4. Signal acquisition: Data recording: EEG signals were recorded 300-600 milliseconds after stimulus presentation, capturing the positive peak of the p300 wave; Data preprocessing: remove artifacts and noise, perform filtering and data cleaning, and extract the characteristics of the p300 wave; A5. Data analysis: Extract features: Analyze the latency of the p300 wave, that is, the time when the peak occurs, and the amplitude, that is, the intensity of the peak. A6. Statistical analysis: Compare p300 characteristics across conditions to assess changes in cognitive or emotional responses.

5. The method for quantitatively evaluating the efficacy of exercise intervention on depression in college students based on P300 and fNIRS technology according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In step S3, the fNIRS acquisition method comprises the following steps: B1. Equipment preparation: fNIRS equipment: prepare a functional near-infrared spectrometer, including the transmitting and receiving probes. The equipment usually consists of multiple light sources and detectors. Sensor configuration: Select the appropriate light source wavelength as needed, generally in the range of 700-900nm, and set the probe to monitor the brain area of ​​interest; B2. Experimental environment settings: Environmental control: Choose a quiet, dry environment to avoid light source interference and body movement. Make sure the subject sits in a comfortable position to reduce motion artifacts; Subject preparation: Ask the subject to remain relaxed and avoid excessive body movements during the test; B3. Sensor placement: Scalp marking: Mark the standard locations of the areas of interest on the subject’s scalp; Probe placement: Fix the transmitter and receiver probes at the marked locations, ensuring good contact between the probes and the skin, usually using tape or adhesive to secure the probes; B4. Stimulus and task design: Task design: Design tasks based on the purpose of the study, such as cognitive load, emotional response, or motor tasks. Tasks should contain sufficient stimulation and rest periods to facilitate data analysis. Stimulus presentation: Use visual, auditory or other sensory stimulation, ensuring that the time interval and frequency of stimulation are appropriate; B5. Data collection: Record data: Start collecting data while presenting the task or stimulus. The fNIRS system will record changes in the absorption of near-infrared light passing through brain tissue. Monitor signal quality: monitor signal quality in real time to ensure data accuracy, check the stability of light sources and detectors, and handle possible artifacts; B6. Data processing: Preprocessing: Filter the collected data, remove artifacts and noise, and perform signal correction. Common processing methods include detrending, de-artifacting, and standardization: Blood oxygen level analysis: The modified Beer-Lambert law is used to calculate the changes in the concentrations of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin in the brain region; Data analysis: Analyze the relationship between changes in blood oxygen levels and tasks or stimuli, and extract relevant time series features; B7. Statistics: Comparison and statistics: Compare changes in blood oxygen levels during different tasks or conditions and use statistical methods to evaluate the effects of interventions; Data visualization: Generate charts or heat maps to intuitively display brain activity areas and time series data.

6. A method for quantitatively evaluating the efficacy of exercise intervention on college students' depression based on P300 and fNIRS technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S2, the exercise intervention step includes the following: N1. Goal setting: Define the goal: clearly define the purpose of the intervention, such as improving depressive symptoms, improving physical health, or enhancing cognitive function; Assess needs: Assess the subject's health status, exercise capacity, and personal needs to develop an appropriate intervention plan; N2. Design intervention plan: Choose the type of exercise: Choose the appropriate form of exercise according to the goal and the condition of the subject, such as aerobic exercise, strength training, flexibility training: Create a plan: determine the frequency, intensity, duration, and type of exercise, e.g., 30 minutes of aerobic exercise three times a week; N3. Implement intervention: Sports training: guide subjects on correct sports techniques and safety precautions, and provide personalized training plans; Monitoring execution: Regularly checking the subjects’ exercise progress to ensure they are following the plan. This can be done through a coach, a personal training app, or remote monitoring; N4. Monitoring and adjustment: Record data: Record the subject's exercise performance and progress, including exercise time, intensity, and feelings; Evaluate effectiveness: Regularly evaluate the effectiveness of exercise interventions, using questionnaires, physiological indicators such as heart rate and weight, or psychological assessment tools to measure intervention effectiveness; N5. Data analysis: Analysis and feedback: Combine exercise records and effect evaluation data to analyze the effect of intervention and the adaptation of subjects: Adjust the plan: Based on the analysis results, adjust the exercise plan to better achieve the intervention goals.

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