Fuel cell system, control method thereof, electronic device, storage medium, vehicle

Abstract

The application relates to a fuel cell system and a control method thereof, an electronic device, a storage medium and a vehicle, wherein the control method comprises the following steps: identifying an operation condition of the fuel cell system; obtaining a historical cumulative amount of voltage attenuation corresponding to the operation condition; obtaining an attenuation amount of average voltage corresponding to the operation condition; obtaining a current cumulative amount of voltage attenuation corresponding to the operation condition based on the historical cumulative amount and the attenuation amount; setting a control threshold corresponding to the operation condition; and controlling the fuel cell system to operate in a preset strategy when the current cumulative amount corresponding to the operation condition is greater than the control threshold; wherein the control threshold is related to the operation condition, the current cumulative amount is the sum of the attenuation amount and the historical cumulative amount corresponding to the operation condition, and the current cumulative amount is stored in the storage medium and used as the next historical cumulative amount. The application can automatically identify different conditions and adopt different control strategies for different conditions to control the operation of the fuel cell system, thereby prolonging the service life of the fuel cell stack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a fuel cell system and a control method thereof, an electronic device, a storage medium, and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Research shows that variable load conditions, air-to-air start conditions, and idling conditions have a significant impact on the performance degradation of the fuel cell stack.

[0003] In related technologies, the performance degradation analysis of fuel cell systems mostly adopts qualitative analysis methods, and the overall system is controlled by evaluating the overall degradation of the stack. There is a lack of automatic identification of different operating conditions, such as variable load conditions, empty start conditions, idle conditions, etc. There is also a lack of quantitative analysis of the performance degradation of the fuel cell system under different operating conditions and the control strategies adopted for different operating conditions. Therefore, controlling the entire system can slow down the rate of performance degradation of the stack to a certain extent, but it does not significantly increase the service life of the stack. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a fuel cell system and its control method, electronic equipment, storage medium, and vehicle that can automatically identify different operating conditions and adopt different control strategies for different operating conditions to control the operation of the fuel cell system, thereby improving the service life of the fuel cell stack.

[0005] The first aspect of the present application provides a control method for a fuel cell system, including: identifying the operating condition of the fuel cell system; obtaining the historical cumulative amount of the voltage attenuation of the fuel cell system under the corresponding operating condition; obtaining the attenuation of the average voltage of the fuel cell system under the corresponding operating condition; based on the historical cumulative amount and the attenuation amount, obtaining the current cumulative amount of the voltage attenuation of the fuel cell system under the corresponding operating condition; setting a control threshold for the corresponding operating condition; when the current cumulative amount under the corresponding operating condition is greater than the control threshold, controlling the fuel cell system to operate according to a preset strategy; wherein the control threshold is related to the operating condition, the current cumulative amount is the sum of the attenuation amount and the historical cumulative amount under the corresponding operating condition, the current cumulative amount is stored in a storage medium and used as the next historical cumulative amount, and the preset strategy includes at least: controlling the fuel cell system to operate at a reduced rate, controlling the fuel cell system to switch operating states, and increasing the oxygen consumption of the fuel cell system during the shutdown phase.

[0006] In the first aspect of the present application, different operating conditions of the fuel cell system are first identified, and then the current cumulative amount is obtained from the historical cumulative amount of voltage decay under the corresponding operating condition and the average voltage decay amount. When the current cumulative amount is greater than the control threshold of the corresponding operating condition, the corresponding preset strategy is adopted to control the fuel cell system, such as reducing the rate, switching the operating state, or increasing the oxygen consumption during the shutdown phase, thereby accurately predicting and controlling the fuel cell stack performance degradation of the fuel cell system and improving the service life of the stack. That is, the control method of the present application can automatically identify different operating conditions and adopt different control strategies for different operating conditions to control the operation of the fuel cell system, thereby improving the service life of the stack.

[0007] In some embodiments, the operating conditions include at least a variable load condition, an empty start condition, and an idle condition; identifying the operating condition of the fuel cell system includes: identifying the operating condition as a variable load condition based on changes in the average voltage of the fuel cell system; identifying the operating condition as an empty start condition based on the start / stop state of the fuel cell system, the maximum voltage of the fuel cell system, and the valve state of the fuel cell system; or, identifying the operating condition as an idle condition based on the operating power of the fuel cell system.

[0008] In some embodiments, the operating condition is a variable load condition; obtaining the attenuation of the average voltage of the fuel cell system under the corresponding operating condition includes: obtaining the cumulative change based on the change value of the average voltage of the fuel cell system; setting the voltage attenuation coefficient under the variable load condition; obtaining the attenuation based on the cumulative change and the voltage attenuation coefficient.

[0009] In some embodiments, setting a control threshold corresponding to an operating condition includes setting a control threshold corresponding to a variable load condition. Controlling the fuel cell system to operate according to a preset strategy includes setting a normal rate for the variable load condition and controlling the fuel cell system to operate at a reduced rate based on the normal rate.

[0010] In some embodiments, the change value is the difference between the average voltage of the fuel cell system and the average voltage of the fuel cell system delayed by one step, wherein, if the difference is greater than 0, the variable load condition is a load-reducing condition, and if the difference is less than 0, the variable load condition is a load-loading condition.

[0011] In some embodiments, the operating condition is an air-to-air start condition; obtaining the attenuation of the average voltage of the fuel cell system under the corresponding operating condition includes: setting a voltage attenuation coefficient under the air-to-air start condition; and obtaining the attenuation based on the voltage attenuation coefficient under the air-to-air start condition.

[0012] In some embodiments, setting a control threshold corresponding to an operating condition includes setting a control threshold corresponding to an empty-start condition. Controlling the fuel cell system to operate according to a preset strategy includes setting a normal oxygen consumption time, an extended oxygen consumption time, an anode purge time, and an anode purge pressure for the fuel cell system during a shutdown phase; and increasing the oxygen consumption of the fuel cell system during the shutdown phase based on the normal oxygen consumption time, the extended oxygen consumption time, the anode purge time, and the anode purge pressure.

[0013] In some embodiments, the operating condition is an idle condition; obtaining the attenuation of the average voltage of the fuel cell system under the corresponding operating condition includes: setting a voltage attenuation coefficient under the idle condition; and obtaining the attenuation based on the voltage attenuation coefficient under the idle condition.

[0014] In some embodiments, setting a control threshold corresponding to an operating condition includes setting a control threshold corresponding to an idle condition. Controlling the fuel cell system to operate according to a preset strategy includes reducing the operating time of the idle condition and controlling the fuel cell system to switch from the idle condition to a zero power condition.

[0015] A second aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, it implements a control method for a fuel cell system in any embodiment of the first aspect of the present application.

[0016] A third aspect of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the control method of the fuel cell system of any embodiment of the first aspect of the present application.

[0017] A fourth aspect of the present application provides a fuel cell system, which predicts and controls the attenuation of a battery stack through the control method of the fuel cell system of any embodiment of the first aspect of the present application.

[0018] A fifth aspect of the present application provides a vehicle, comprising a fuel cell system, wherein the fuel cell system predicts and controls the attenuation of a battery stack by using the control method of a fuel cell system of any embodiment of the first aspect of the present application.

[0019] The second to fifth aspects of the present application can achieve: automatic identification of different operating conditions, and adopting different control strategies for different operating conditions to control the operation of the fuel cell system, thereby increasing the service life of the fuel cell stack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 4 is a flow chart of a method for controlling a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figure 2This is a sub-flowchart of step S100 in an embodiment of the present application under variable load conditions.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a sub-flowchart of step S100 in an embodiment of the present application under the empty start condition.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a sub-flowchart of step S300 of an embodiment of the present application under variable load conditions.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a sub-flowchart of step S300 in an embodiment of the present application under the empty start condition.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a sub-flowchart of step S300 in an embodiment of the present application under idle conditions.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a sub-flowchart of step S400 in an embodiment of the present application under variable load conditions.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a sub-flowchart of step S400 in an embodiment of the present application under the empty start condition.

[0028] Figure 9 It is a sub-flowchart of step S400 in an embodiment of the present application under idle conditions.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a sub-flowchart of step S600 in an embodiment of the present application under variable load conditions.

[0030] Figure 11 This is a sub-flowchart of step S600 in an embodiment of the present application under the empty start condition.

[0031] Figure 12 It is a sub-flowchart of step S600 in an embodiment of the present application under idle conditions.

[0032] The following specific implementation methods will further illustrate the present application in conjunction with the above-mentioned drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In the description of the embodiments of this application, words such as "exemplary," "or," and "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary," "or," and "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0034] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. It is to be understood that the use of "a" or "an" herein does not exclude a plurality, and "multiple" means two or more. It is also to be understood that the use of "comprise", "comprises" or "comprising" when indicating components, features or steps of aspects of the application do not exclude the presence of additional such components, features or steps. Furthermore, as used herein, the term "and / or" means and. For example, A, B, and / or C means: A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; or A, B and C.

[0035] In addition, it should be pointed out that the terms "first", "second" in the specification and claims of the present application and the drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not intended to describe a specific order or sequence. The methods disclosed in the embodiments of the present application or the methods shown in the flowcharts include one or more steps for implementing the methods, and the execution order of the steps can be interchanged without departing from the scope of the claims, and some steps can also be deleted.

[0036] In addition, it should be pointed out that the term "voltage of the fuel cell system" in the embodiments of the present application refers to the voltage of the stack in the fuel cell system, and specifically refers to the voltage of each single piece of the stack in the fuel cell system. The term "average voltage of the fuel cell system" in the embodiments of the present application refers to the average voltage of the stack in the fuel cell system, and specifically refers to the average voltage of each single piece of the stack in the fuel cell system. The term "control threshold" in the embodiments of the present application refers to a voltage value. The term "variable load condition" in the embodiments of the present application refers to a condition in which the output power needs to be adjusted to meet the operating requirements due to changes in the load, including loading conditions and unloading conditions. The term "air-air starting condition" in the embodiments of the present application refers to a condition in which the anode exists air during the starting process of the stack, and hydrogen and oxygen directly react to produce voltage, which has a corrosive effect on the catalyst of the stack. The term "idling condition" in the embodiments of the present application refers to a condition in which the fuel cell system operates without external power output, and the stack operates with small current or minimum power to maintain the normal operation of the fuel cell system itself. The term "zero power condition" in the embodiments of the present application refers to a state in which the stack is running and has no external output power.

[0037] A fuel cell is a chemical device that directly converts chemical energy of fuel into electrical energy, also known as an electrochemical generator. It is the fourth generation of power generation technology after hydroelectric power generation, thermal power generation and nuclear power generation. Research shows that variable load conditions, air-air starting conditions, idling conditions and the like have a great influence on the performance degradation of the stack of the fuel cell system.

[0038] In related technologies, the performance degradation analysis of fuel cell systems mostly adopts qualitative analysis methods. Due to the lack of effective data to support the degradation of the stack caused by different operating conditions, the overall system is generally controlled by evaluating the degradation of the stack as a whole. For example, the patent with authorization announcement number CN116879781B proposes a life prediction method for the electrochemical performance of solid oxide fuel cell stacks, which includes the following steps: defining the failure threshold of electrochemical performance and obtaining the corresponding voltage decay rate and internal resistance growth rate index requirements; obtaining the voltage and current variation data with operating time required by the electrochemical performance degradation prediction model; establishing a polarization curve model based on the operating parameters of the stack; establishing an empirical degradation model for the stack; calculating the degradation rate and degradation acceleration of the stack based on the previous operating status of the stack; and predicting the future degradation trend and remaining life of the stack based on the total degradation amplitude defined by the stack failure threshold.

[0039] However, the relevant technology lacks automatic identification of different operating conditions, such as variable load conditions, empty start conditions, idling conditions, etc., and also lacks quantitative analysis of the performance degradation of the fuel cell system under different operating conditions and the control strategies adopted for different operating conditions. Therefore, although controlling the entire system can slow down the rate of performance degradation of the stack to a certain extent, it does not significantly improve the service life of the stack.

[0040] To this end, embodiments of the present application provide a fuel cell system and control method thereof, electronic equipment, storage medium, and vehicle that can automatically identify different operating conditions and adopt different control strategies for different operating conditions to control the operation of the fuel cell system, thereby increasing the service life of the fuel cell stack. Some embodiments are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments and features therein may be combined with each other unless they conflict.

[0041] Figure 1 4 is a flow chart of a method for controlling a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] The embodiment of the present application provides a control method for a fuel cell system. For ease of description, the control method for a fuel cell system is hereinafter referred to as the "control method" or "method". Figure 1 , the control method of the embodiment of the present application may include:

[0043] Step S100: Identify the operating conditions of the fuel cell system.

[0044] The operating conditions of the fuel cell system may include at least a variable load condition, an empty start condition, and an idle condition. In step S100, the operating condition may be identified as a variable load condition based on a change in the average voltage of the fuel cell system, or as an empty start condition based on a start / stop state of the fuel cell system, a maximum voltage of the fuel cell system, and a valve state of the fuel cell system, or as an idle condition based on an operating power of the fuel cell system.

[0045] Figure 2 This is a sub-flowchart of step S100 in an embodiment of the present application under variable load conditions.

[0046] In the examples of this application, please refer to Figure 2 Based on the change in the average voltage of the fuel cell system, identifying the operating condition as a variable load condition may include:

[0047] Step S110: obtaining the average voltage of the fuel cell system and the average voltage delayed by one step.

[0048] Step S111 : obtaining an average voltage difference based on the average voltage and the average voltage delayed by one step.

[0049] Step S112: Determine whether the average voltage difference is greater than 0.

[0050] In step S110, the "step length" may refer to the interval of a time operation, that is, the time interval for controlling the average voltage change. In step S111, the average voltage difference may be expressed as: δV=V mean -V mean1 , where V mean is the average voltage of the fuel cell system, V mean1 is the average voltage of the fuel cell system delayed by one step. In step S112, if the average voltage difference δV is greater than 0, the variable load condition is a load-reducing condition; if the average voltage difference δV is less than 0, the variable load condition is a load-loading condition.

[0051] Figure 3 This is a sub-flowchart of step S100 in an embodiment of the present application under the empty start condition.

[0052] In the examples of this application, please refer to Figure 3 Based on the start / stop state of the fuel cell system, the maximum voltage of the fuel cell system, and the valve state of the fuel cell system, identifying the operating condition as an empty start condition may include:

[0053] Step S120: obtaining the start / stop state of the fuel cell system, the maximum voltage of the fuel cell system, and the valve state of the fuel cell system.

[0054] wherein the maximum voltage of the fuel cell system can be obtained by a fuel cell voltage monitor (CVM). The valve status of the fuel cell system can include at least a hydrogen injection master valve status (Posn H2 ) and a cathode inlet cutoff valve status (Posn AIR ), wherein Posn H2 greater than 0 indicates that the hydrogen injection master valve is open, Posn H2 less than 0 indicates that the hydrogen injection master valve is closed, Posn AIR greater than 0 indicates that the cathode inlet cutoff valve is open, and Posn AIR less than 0 indicates that the cathode inlet cutoff valve is closed.

[0055] Step S121 : obtaining a start-up status of the fuel cell system based on the start-stop status of the fuel cell system and the valve status of the fuel cell system.

[0056] wherein when the fuel cell system is in the start-up status, and Posn H2 less than 0 and Posn AIR less than 0, it is determined that the fuel cell system is in the start-up status.

[0057] Step S122: obtaining an empty-start status of the fuel cell system based on the maximum voltage of the fuel cell system.

[0058] wherein if the maximum voltage (V max ) of the fuel cell system is greater than a maximum voltage set threshold (V airstart ), then the fuel cell system has an empty-start. In this case, it can be detected whether there is a high potential in the stack of the fuel cell system, and thus it can be determined whether the fuel cell system has an empty-start.

[0059] In some embodiments, the maximum voltage set threshold (V airstart ) can be 400mv (millivolt).

[0060] Step S123: determining whether the start-up status of the fuel cell system has an empty-start based on the start-up status of the fuel cell system and the empty-start status of the fuel cell system.

[0061] wherein when the fuel cell system is in the start-up status and the fuel cell system has an empty-start, it is determined that the start-up status of the fuel cell system has an empty-start, i.e. the fuel cell system is running in an empty-start condition.

[0062] In the embodiments of the present application, the operating condition is identified as an idling operating condition based on the operating power of the fuel cell system. For example, in the idling operating condition, the power generation of the fuel cell system ranges from 4.5 kW to 12 kW (kilowatt), and the range is the idling operating condition.

[0063] In other embodiments, the operating condition of the fuel cell system can also include a low-temperature starting operating condition, a high-load operating condition (also referred to as an overload operating condition), a foreign matter operating condition, and the like.

[0064] Referring to Figure 1 The control method of the embodiments of the present application can further include:

[0065] Step S200: Obtain a historical cumulative amount of voltage attenuation of the fuel cell system in the corresponding operating condition.

[0066] The historical cumulative amount can be a voltage attenuation cumulative amount stored in the storage medium last time.

[0067] In some embodiments, the storage medium can include a non-volatile memory (NVM), for example, the storage medium can include at least one of a ROM (Read-Only Memory), a PROM (Programmable Read-Only Memory), an EAROM (Electrically Alterable Read Only Memory), an EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), or a Flash Memory.

[0068] It can be understood that the historical cumulative amount of voltage attenuation of the fuel cell system in the corresponding operating condition is obtained, that is, the voltage attenuation cumulative amount stored in the storage medium last time is read from the ROM, the PROM, the EAROM, the EPROM, the EEPROM, or the Flash Memory, for example, V nvdamp represents reading the voltage attenuation cumulative amount caused by the last time the load was changed from the EEROM, V nvcell represents reading the voltage attenuation cumulative amount caused by the last time the idling operating condition from the EEROM, V nvairstart represents reading the voltage attenuation cumulative amount caused by the last time the air-air starting operating condition from the EEROM.

[0069] Referring to Figure 1 , the control method of the embodiment of the present application may further include:

[0070] Step S300: obtaining the attenuation of the average voltage of the fuel cell system under the corresponding operating conditions.

[0071] As mentioned above, the operating conditions may include but are not limited to variable load conditions, empty start conditions, idle conditions, low temperature start conditions, high load operating conditions and impurity conditions.

[0072] Figure 4 It is a sub-flowchart of step S300 of an embodiment of the present application under variable load conditions.

[0073] See also Figure 4 In some embodiments, if the operating condition is a variable load condition, step S300 may include:

[0074] Step S310: Obtaining a cumulative change based on the change value of the average voltage of the fuel cell system.

[0075] The change value can be represented by δV1, which is the difference between the average voltage of the fuel cell system and the average voltage of the fuel cell system delayed by one step. If δV1 is greater than 0, the variable load condition is a load-reducing condition. If δV1 is less than 0, the variable load condition is a load-loading condition.

[0076] In some embodiments, the cumulative change can be expressed as V total Indicates that V total It can be the integral of the change value δV1, that is: V total =∫δV1dt.

[0077] Step S311: setting the voltage attenuation coefficient under variable load conditions.

[0078] Among them, the voltage attenuation coefficient under variable load conditions can be expressed as α var Indicates that the voltage attenuation coefficient α under variable load conditions var Related to the stack voltage of the fuel cell system under variable load conditions.

[0079] In some embodiments, the voltage attenuation coefficient α under variable load conditions var It can be equal to 0.000027058 [μV / V], where V is the stack voltage and μ is the statistical correlation coefficient of the data.

[0080] In other embodiments, the voltage attenuation coefficient α under variable load conditions is var The average voltage of the fuel cell system and the voltage attenuation coefficient α under variable load conditions can be used to calculate the var The relationship table is obtained by looking up the table, and the relationship table is as follows:

[0081]

[0082] Step S312: obtaining the attenuation amount based on the accumulated change amount and the voltage attenuation coefficient.

[0083] wherein the attenuation amount under the variable load working condition can be represented as V damp , and the attenuation amount V damp may be an integral of the product of the accumulated change amount and the voltage attenuation coefficient, i.e., V damp =∫α var δV1dt.

[0084] Figure 5 is a sub-flow chart of step S300 under the air-air starting working condition according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0085] Referring to Figure 5 , in some embodiments, if the running working condition is the air-air starting working condition, step S300 can include:

[0086] Step S320: setting the voltage attenuation coefficient under the air-air starting working condition.

[0087] wherein the voltage attenuation coefficient under the air-air starting working condition can be represented as α airstart , and the voltage attenuation coefficient α airstart under the air-air starting working condition is related to the stack voltage of the fuel cell system under the air-air starting working condition.

[0088] In some embodiments, the voltage attenuation coefficient α airstart under the air-air starting working condition can be equal to 0.025 [μV], wherein V is the stack voltage, and μ is a data statistical correlation coefficient.

[0089] Step S321: obtaining the attenuation amount based on the voltage attenuation coefficient under the air-air starting working condition.

[0090] wherein the attenuation amount under the air-air starting working condition can be represented as V airstart , and the attenuation amount V airstart may be a summation of the voltage attenuation coefficient, i.e., V airstart =∑α airstart .

[0091] Figure 6 is a sub-flow chart of step S300 under the idle working condition according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0092] Referring to Figure 6 , in some embodiments, if the running working condition is the idle working condition, step S300 can include:

[0093] Step S330: setting the voltage attenuation coefficient under the idle working condition.

[0094] Among them, the voltage attenuation coefficient under idle condition can be expressed as α cell Indicates that the voltage attenuation coefficient α under idle conditions cell Related to the stack voltage of the fuel cell system under idle conditions.

[0095] In some embodiments, the voltage attenuation coefficient α under idle conditions cell It can be equal to 0.0872427 [μV], where V is the stack voltage and μ is the statistical correlation coefficient of the data.

[0096] In other embodiments, the voltage attenuation coefficient α under idle conditions is cell The voltage attenuation coefficient α under the temperature and idle conditions of the fuel cell system can be cell The relationship table is obtained by looking up the table, and the relationship table is as follows:

[0097]

[0098] Step S331: Obtaining the attenuation amount based on the voltage attenuation coefficient under the idle condition.

[0099] Among them, the attenuation under idle condition can be expressed by V cell Indicates that the attenuation V cell It can be the integral of the product of the voltage attenuation coefficient, that is, V cell =∫α cell (t)dt.

[0100] See also Figure 1 , the control method of the embodiment of the present application may further include:

[0101] Step S400: Based on the historical cumulative amount and the attenuation amount, obtain the current cumulative amount of the voltage attenuation of the fuel cell system under the corresponding operating condition.

[0102] The current cumulative amount is the sum of the attenuation amount and the historical cumulative amount under the corresponding operating condition, and the current cumulative amount is stored in the storage medium and used as the next historical cumulative amount.

[0103] Figure 7 This is a sub-flowchart of step S400 in an embodiment of the present application under variable load conditions.

[0104] See also Figure 7 In some embodiments, if the operating condition is a variable load condition, step S400 may include:

[0105] Step S410: reading the historical cumulative amount of voltage decay under the previous variable load condition from the storage medium.

[0106] Step S411: based on the historical cumulative amount of voltage decay under the previous variable load condition and the decay amount under the variable load condition, obtain the current cumulative amount of voltage decay under the variable load condition.

[0107] Among them, the historical cumulative amount of voltage attenuation under the previous variable load condition can be expressed as V nvdamp Indicates that the current cumulative amount of voltage attenuation under variable load conditions can be expressed as V totaldamp Indicates that the current cumulative amount is the sum of the attenuation amount under the corresponding operating conditions and the historical cumulative amount, that is, V totaldamp =V nvdamp +V damp .

[0108] Figure 8 This is a sub-flowchart of step S400 in an embodiment of the present application under the empty start condition.

[0109] See also Figure 8 In some embodiments, if the operating condition is an empty start condition, step S400 may include:

[0110] Step S420: Read the historical cumulative amount of voltage decay under the previous empty-start condition from the storage medium.

[0111] Step S421: Based on the historical cumulative amount of voltage decay under the previous air-to-air starting condition and the decay amount under the air-to-air starting condition, the current cumulative amount of voltage decay under the air-to-air starting condition is obtained.

[0112] Among them, the historical cumulative amount of voltage decay under the previous dry-start condition can be expressed as V nvairstart Indicates that the current cumulative amount of voltage decay under the empty start condition can be expressed as V totalairstart Indicates that the current cumulative amount is the sum of the attenuation amount under the corresponding operating conditions and the historical cumulative amount, that is, V totalairstart =V nvairstart +V airstart .

[0113] Figure 9 It is a sub-flowchart of step S400 in an embodiment of the present application under idle conditions.

[0114] See also Figure 9 In some embodiments, if the operating condition is an idle condition, step S400 may include:

[0115] Step S430: Read the historical cumulative amount of voltage decay under the previous idle condition from the storage medium.

[0116] Step S431: obtaining a current cumulative amount of voltage decay under the idle condition based on the previous historical cumulative amount of voltage decay under the idle condition and the decay amount under the idle condition.

[0117] Among them, the historical accumulation of voltage decay under the previous idle condition can be expressed as V nvcellIndicates that the current cumulative amount of voltage decay under idle conditions can be expressed as V totalcell Indicates that the current cumulative amount is the sum of the attenuation amount under the corresponding operating conditions and the historical cumulative amount, that is, V totalcell =V nvcell +V cell .

[0118] See also Figure 1 , the control method of the embodiment of the present application may further include:

[0119] Step S500: setting a control threshold corresponding to the operating condition.

[0120] The control threshold is related to the operating condition. If the operating condition is a variable load condition, then the control threshold corresponding to the variable load condition is set. V dampdmd If the operating condition is the empty start condition, then set the control threshold corresponding to the empty start condition. You can use V airstartdmd If the operating condition is idling condition, then set the control threshold corresponding to the idling condition. You can use V celldmd express.

[0121] See also Figure 1 , the control method of the embodiment of the present application may further include:

[0122] Step S600: When the current cumulative amount under the corresponding operating condition is greater than the control threshold, the fuel cell system is controlled to operate according to a preset strategy.

[0123] The preset strategy at least includes: controlling the fuel cell system to operate at a reduced rate, controlling the fuel cell system to switch operating states, and increasing the oxygen consumption of the fuel cell system during the shutdown phase.

[0124] Figure 10 This is a sub-flowchart of step S600 in an embodiment of the present application under variable load conditions.

[0125] See also Figure 10 In some embodiments, if the operating condition is a variable load condition, step S600 may include:

[0126] Step S610: Setting a normal rate for a variable load condition.

[0127] Step S611: Control the fuel cell system to operate at a reduced rate based on the normal rate.

[0128] Therefore, if the current cumulative amount of voltage decay under variable load conditions V totaldamp Greater than the control threshold V of the strain load condition dampdmd , the fuel cell system can be controlled to operate at a reduced rate to reduce the stack attenuation rate of the fuel cell system.

[0129] Figure 11 This is a sub-flowchart of step S600 in an embodiment of the present application under the empty start condition.

[0130] See also Figure 11 In some embodiments, if the operating condition is an empty start condition, step S600 may include:

[0131] Step S620: setting the normal oxygen consumption time, extended oxygen consumption time, anode purge time, and anode purge pressure of the fuel cell system during the shutdown phase.

[0132] Step S621 : increasing the oxygen consumption of the fuel cell system during the shutdown phase based on the normal oxygen consumption time, the extended oxygen consumption time, the anode purge time, and the anode purge pressure.

[0133] Therefore, if the current cumulative amount of voltage decay under the air-to-air starting condition is V totalairstart Greater than the control threshold V of the air-to-air start condition airstartdmd , the stack attenuation problem of the fuel cell system can be reduced by increasing the oxygen consumption of the fuel cell system during the shutdown phase.

[0134] Figure 12 It is a sub-flowchart of step S600 in an embodiment of the present application under idle conditions.

[0135] See also Figure 12 In some embodiments, if the operating condition is an idle condition, step S600 may include:

[0136] Step S630: Reduce the operating time of the idle condition.

[0137] Step S631: Control the fuel cell system to switch from the idle operating state to the zero power operating state.

[0138] Therefore, if the current cumulative amount of voltage decay V under idle condition is totalcell Greater than the control threshold V under idle condition celldmd , the fuel cell system can be controlled to switch operating states to reduce the stack attenuation problem of the fuel cell system.

[0139] In the control method of the embodiment of the present application, first, different operating conditions of the fuel cell system are identified, and then the current cumulative amount is obtained from the historical cumulative amount of voltage attenuation and the attenuation amount of average voltage under the corresponding operating condition. When the current cumulative amount is greater than the control threshold value of the corresponding operating condition, the corresponding preset strategy is adopted to control the fuel cell system, such as reducing the speed, switching the operating state, or increasing the oxygen consumption amount in the shutdown stage, thereby accurately predicting and controlling the stack performance attenuation of the fuel cell system, and improving the service life of the stack. That is, the control method of the present application can automatically identify different operating conditions and adopt different control strategies to control the operation of the fuel cell system according to different operating conditions, thereby improving the service life of the stack.

[0140] The embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, which comprises a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the control method of the fuel cell system of any of the above embodiments of the present application when executing the computer program.

[0141] The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement the control method of the fuel cell system of any of the above embodiments of the present application.

[0142] The embodiment of the present application also provides a fuel cell system, which is subjected to attenuation prediction and control by the control method of the fuel cell system of any of the above embodiments of the present application.

[0143] The embodiment of the present application also provides a vehicle, which comprises a fuel cell system. The fuel cell system is subjected to attenuation prediction and control by the control method of the fuel cell system of any of the above embodiments of the present application.

[0144] The present application can automatically identify different operating conditions and adopt different control strategies to control the operation of the fuel cell system according to different operating conditions, thereby improving the service life of the stack.

[0145] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and not to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for controlling a fuel cell system, characterized in that: include: Identifying an operating condition of the fuel cell system; Obtaining a historical cumulative amount of voltage decay of the fuel cell system corresponding to the operating condition; Obtaining an attenuation of an average voltage of the fuel cell system corresponding to the operating condition; Obtaining a current cumulative amount of voltage attenuation of the fuel cell system corresponding to the operating condition based on the historical cumulative amount and the attenuation amount; Setting a control threshold corresponding to the operating condition; When the current accumulated amount corresponding to the operating condition is greater than the control threshold, controlling the fuel cell system to operate according to a preset strategy; In which, the control threshold is related to the operating condition, the current cumulative amount is the sum of the attenuation amount and the historical cumulative amount under the corresponding operating condition, the current cumulative amount is stored in a storage medium and used as the next historical cumulative amount, and the preset strategy includes at least: controlling the fuel cell system to operate at a reduced rate, controlling the fuel cell system to switch the operating state, and increasing the oxygen consumption of the fuel cell system during the shutdown stage.

2. The fuel cell system control method according to claim 1, wherein: The operating conditions include at least a variable load condition, an empty start condition and an idle condition; The identifying the operating condition of the fuel cell system includes: identifying the operating condition as the variable load condition based on a change in an average voltage of the fuel cell system; Identifying the operating condition as the empty-start condition based on a start / stop state of the fuel cell system, a maximum voltage of the fuel cell system, and a valve state of the fuel cell system; Alternatively, based on the operating power of the fuel cell system, the operating condition is identified as an idle condition.

3. The fuel cell system control method according to claim 2, wherein: The operating condition is the variable load condition; The obtaining of the attenuation of the average voltage of the fuel cell system corresponding to the operating condition includes: Obtaining a cumulative change based on a change in an average voltage of the fuel cell system; Setting the voltage attenuation coefficient under the variable load condition; The attenuation amount is obtained based on the cumulative change amount and the voltage attenuation coefficient.

4. The fuel cell system control method according to claim 3, wherein: The setting of the control threshold corresponding to the operating condition includes: Setting a control threshold corresponding to the variable load condition; The controlling the fuel cell system to operate according to a preset strategy includes: Setting the normal rate for the variable load condition; The fuel cell system is controlled to operate at a reduced rate based on the normal rate.

5. The control method of the fuel cell system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The change value is the difference between the average voltage of the fuel cell system and the average voltage of the fuel cell system delayed by one step, wherein if the difference is greater than 0, the variable load condition is a load-reducing condition, and if the difference is less than 0, the variable load condition is a load-loading condition.

6. The method for controlling a fuel cell system according to claim 2, wherein: The operating condition is the air-to-air starting condition; The obtaining of the attenuation of the average voltage of the fuel cell system corresponding to the operating condition includes: Setting the voltage attenuation coefficient under the air-to-air starting condition; The attenuation amount is obtained based on the voltage attenuation coefficient under the air-to-air starting condition.

7. The fuel cell system control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The setting of the control threshold corresponding to the operating condition includes: Setting a control threshold corresponding to the air-to-air starting condition; The controlling the fuel cell system to operate according to a preset strategy includes: Setting the normal oxygen consumption time, extended oxygen consumption time, anode purge time, and anode purge pressure of the fuel cell system during the shutdown phase; The oxygen consumption of the fuel cell system during the shutdown phase is increased based on the normal oxygen consumption time, the extended oxygen consumption time, the anode purge time, and the anode purge pressure.

8. The fuel cell system control method according to claim 2, wherein: The operating condition is the idle condition; The obtaining of the attenuation of the average voltage of the fuel cell system corresponding to the operating condition includes: Setting the voltage attenuation coefficient under the idle condition; The attenuation amount is obtained based on the voltage attenuation coefficient under the idle condition.

9. The fuel cell system control method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The setting of the control threshold corresponding to the operating condition includes: Setting a control threshold corresponding to the idle operating condition; The controlling the fuel cell system to operate according to a preset strategy includes: The operation time of the idle condition is reduced, and the fuel cell system is controlled to switch from the idle condition to the zero power condition.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the control method of the fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 9 when executing the computer program.

11. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the control method of the fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is implemented.

12. A fuel cell system, characterized in that: The fuel cell stack attenuation is predicted and controlled by the fuel cell system control method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

13. A vehicle, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fuel cell system, wherein the fuel cell system predicts and controls the attenuation of a battery stack by using the control method of the fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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