Lithium ion battery self-heating device in low-temperature environment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and discloses a lithium ion battery self-heating device in a low-temperature environment, the lithium ion battery self-heating device comprises a protective shell and lithium ion batteries, the protective shell is internally provided with a plurality of battery cavities, the lithium ion batteries are located in the corresponding battery cavities, and the outer wall surfaces of the lithium ion batteries are provided with heating films. The device is used for quickly heating the lithium ion battery under a low-temperature condition, integrates key components such as the heating film, the temperature control assembly and the air circulation area, ensures that the lithium ion battery can keep the optimal performance under various temperature conditions, and particularly, in a low-temperature environment, the heating film can be quickly heated; when the lithium ion battery is heated, the lithium ion battery can rapidly reach the appropriate working temperature, the heating film is closed, the temperature control assembly provides the subsequent heat preservation effect, unnecessary energy consumption is reduced, and the lithium ion battery has the advantages of being high in practicability and providing the appropriate temperature for the battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a lithium ion battery self-heating device in a low temperature environment. Background Art

[0002] Lithium-ion Battery (LIB) is a secondary battery. Its core working principle is based on the reversible embedding and de-embedding process of lithium ions between the positive and negative electrodes to achieve energy storage and release. Specifically, during charging, lithium ions are released from the positive electrode material, move to the negative electrode through the electrolyte and embed into it. During discharge, they return from the negative electrode to the positive electrode. This "rocking chair" design makes lithium-ion batteries have higher energy density, longer cycle life and better safety than traditional batteries.

[0003] With the increasing global awareness of environmental protection and technological advancement, electric vehicles have gradually become a new trend in the development of the automotive industry. In this context, lithium-ion batteries have become an ideal choice for driving electric vehicles due to their excellent performance.

[0004] Although lithium-ion batteries perform well under normal temperature conditions, they face a series of challenges in low-temperature environments. When the temperature drops, the viscosity of the electrolyte increases or even partially solidifies, which slows down the conduction of lithium ions and affects the reaction rate of the entire battery system. More importantly, low temperatures will aggravate the occurrence of lithium precipitation on the negative electrode surface, that is, lithium ions cannot be smoothly embedded in the graphite layers and are directly deposited as metallic lithium. This not only reduces the available capacity, but may also cause the risk of internal short circuits, seriously threatening the safety of the battery. Therefore, it is very necessary to design a lithium-ion battery self-heating device that is highly practical and provides a suitable temperature for the battery in a low-temperature environment. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a lithium ion battery self-heating device in a low temperature environment to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a lithium-ion battery self-heating device under low temperature environment, comprising a protective shell and a lithium-ion battery, wherein a plurality of battery cavities are arranged inside the protective shell, the lithium-ion battery is located in the corresponding battery cavities, a heating film is arranged on the outer wall surface of the lithium-ion battery, and is used to quickly heat up the lithium-ion battery under low temperature conditions, a temperature sensor is embedded and installed on the top of the battery cavity, and is used to detect the temperature in the battery cavity, a temperature control cavity is arranged inside the protective shell and outside the battery cavity, a temperature control component is arranged in the temperature control cavity, and is used to perform temperature control and regulation on the battery cavity, an air circulation area is opened in the middle position of the protective shell, and is used to naturally dissipate heat for the lithium-ion battery, the air circulation area is arranged between the battery cavities and is connected to the outside, and the air circulation area is arranged in a linear array along the height direction of the protective shell, a BMS controller is arranged on the upper end of the protective shell, and the BMS controller is electrically connected to the heating film, the temperature sensor and the temperature control component respectively, and a power socket is arranged on one side of the protective shell.

[0007] According to the above technical solution, the temperature control component includes a liquid storage chamber, a heating plate, a cooling plate, a circulation pipeline and a delivery pump. The liquid storage chamber is opened at the bottom of the protective shell, and the liquid storage chamber is used to store circulating liquid. The heating plate and the cooling plate are respectively arranged in the liquid storage chamber, and the heating plate and the cooling plate heat and cool the circulating liquid respectively. A circulation pipeline is provided above the liquid storage chamber, and the circulation pipeline is arranged in a corrugated shape in the temperature control chamber. Both ends of the circulation pipeline are connected to the liquid storage chamber. A delivery pump is provided on the circulation pipeline, and the heating plate, the cooling plate and the delivery pump are respectively electrically connected to the BMS controller.

[0008] According to the above technical solution, the cross section of the protective shell is an equilateral triangle, the edges and corners of the outer wall of the protective shell are rounded, the number of the battery cavities is set to three and a circular array is arranged in the protective shell.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, the protective shell includes a protective bottom shell and a protective top shell, the protective bottom shell is arranged at the lower end of the protective top shell, and the protective bottom shell and the protective top shell are fixedly connected by a quick connector.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, the quick connector includes a connecting column and a connecting groove, the connecting column is fixedly installed in the middle position of the lower end of the protective top shell, the connecting groove is opened in the middle position of the upper end of the protective bottom shell, an inner cavity is provided in the connecting column and a locking piece is provided in the inner cavity, and the connecting column is fixedly installed in the connecting groove through the locking piece.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, the locking member includes a servo motor, a rotating rod, a fixed ring, an arc-shaped connecting rod and a locking column. The servo motor is fixedly installed on the top of the inner cavity and the rotating rod is fixedly installed on the output end of the servo motor. The end of the rotating rod is movably installed in the inner cavity. The fixing ring is fixedly installed on the rotating rod. The locking columns are arranged in a circular array on the outer wall of the fixing ring. The side walls of the connecting columns are arranged in a circular array with entry and exit channels. The locking columns and the entry and exit channels are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The locking column and the fixing ring are movably connected through the arc-shaped connecting rod. The inner wall of the connecting groove is arranged in a circular array with locking grooves corresponding to the locking columns. The servo motor and the BMS controller are electrically connected.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, an inner edge plate is installed on the upper end of the protective top shell, a top cover is fixedly installed on the inner edge plate by bolts, the BMS controller is located inside the top cover, a handle ring is fixedly installed on the upper end of the top cover by a connecting handle, the handle ring is arranged in the middle position above the top cover, and the connecting handles are arranged in a circular array on the side wall of the handle ring.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, a sealing gasket is provided at an edge position of one adjacent end of the protective bottom shell and the protective top shell, and the sealing gasket is arranged along the peripheral wall direction of the protective bottom shell and the protective top shell.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, the end of the locking column is arranged in a truncated cone shape and a touch sensor is fixedly installed thereon, and the touch sensor is electrically connected to the BMS controller.

[0015] According to the above technical solution, a card holder is fixedly installed at the lower end of the protective bottom shell, and the card holder is arranged in a circular array at the lower end of the protective bottom shell.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: (1) Efficient and stable temperature management: This device integrates key components such as heating film, temperature control components and air circulation area, ensuring that lithium-ion batteries can maintain optimal performance under various temperature conditions. Especially in low-temperature environments, the heating film can quickly heat up, allowing the lithium-ion battery to quickly reach a suitable operating temperature. The heating film is turned off, and the temperature control component provides subsequent insulation effect, reducing unnecessary energy consumption and preventing damage that may be caused by frequent heating-cooling cycles. This method not only saves energy, but also extends the service life of lithium-ion batteries. At the same time, when the lithium-ion temperature is too high, the lithium-ion battery can be assisted to cool down, achieving precise temperature control and providing the lithium-ion battery with a suitable operating temperature. The design of the air circulation area not only promotes natural heat dissipation, but also achieves more effective cooling by mixing hot and cold air in high-temperature environments. It is more efficient than simply relying on natural heat dissipation. At the same time, it effectively separates each battery cavity, ensuring that each lithium-ion battery can efficiently dissipate heat in its own exclusive battery cavity, avoiding mutual influence between different lithium-ion batteries; (2) Stable structure: The cross-section of the protective shell is designed to be an equilateral triangle. This shape can provide better pressure resistance with the same amount of material, enhance the protection of internal components, reduce local stress concentration, and improve the stability of the overall structure. The battery cavities are arranged in a circular array inside the protective shell. This layout is not only conducive to uniform heat distribution, but also convenient for management and maintenance of each battery unit, and helps to reduce the mutual influence between different batteries; (3) Convenient installation and maintenance: The quick connector consisting of a connecting column and a connecting groove makes the fixing between the protective top shell and the protective bottom shell fast and reliable, shortening the assembly time and facilitating the subsequent inspection and maintenance. The design of the locking piece ensures the tightness and safety of the connection, avoids stress points caused by fasteners, and reduces the risk of cracking or deformation; (4) Intelligent management and control system: The BMS controller is located on the top of the protective shell. In addition to coordinating and managing the work of the heating film, temperature sensors and temperature control components, it also has complex algorithms to optimize the heating strategy and undertake functions such as battery status monitoring and fault diagnosis to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the entire system. More importantly, the BMS can achieve intelligent temperature control through electrical connection with the heating film, temperature sensors and temperature control components to ensure that the lithium-ion battery is always in the best working condition. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a first stereoscopic schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2is a second stereoscopic schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 is a third stereoscopic schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 is a first partial stereoscopic schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 5 is a second partial stereoscopic schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 6 is a third partial stereoscopic schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 7 is a fourth partial stereoscopic schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 8 is a fifth partial stereoscopic schematic diagram of the present invention; Fig. 9 is a sixth partial stereoscopic schematic diagram of the present invention; Fig.10 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the temperature control assembly of the present invention; In the figure: 1-protective shell, 11-protective bottom shell, 12-protective top shell, 121-inner edge plate, 13-quick connector, 131-connecting column, 132-connecting groove, 14-top cover, 15-connecting handle, 16-handle ring, 17-sealing pad, 18-card holder, 2-lithium-ion battery, 3-battery cavity, 31-temperature control cavity, 4-heating film, 5-temperature sensor, 6-temperature control component, 61-liquid storage cavity, 62-heating plate, 63-refrigeration plate, 64-circulation pipeline, 65-delivery pump, 7-air circulation area, 8-BMS controller, 9-locking piece, 91-servo motor, 92-rotating rod, 93-fixing ring, 94-arc connecting rod, 95-locking column, 951-touch sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] See also Figure 1-10The present invention provides a technical solution: a lithium-ion battery self-heating device under low temperature environment, comprising a protective shell 1 and a lithium-ion battery 2, wherein a plurality of battery cavities 3 are arranged in a circumferential array inside the protective shell 1, and the lithium-ion battery 2 is located in the corresponding battery cavity 3, and a heating film 4 is arranged on the outer wall of the lithium-ion battery 2 for rapidly heating the lithium-ion battery 2 under low temperature conditions, and a temperature sensor 5 is embedded and installed on the top of the battery cavity 3 for detecting the temperature in the battery cavity 3, and a temperature control cavity 31 is arranged inside the protective shell 1 and outside the battery cavity 3, and the temperature control A temperature control component 6 is provided in the cavity 31 for temperature control and adjustment of the battery cavity 3. An air circulation area 7 is provided in the middle of the protective shell 1 for natural heat dissipation of the lithium-ion battery 2. The air circulation area 7 is arranged between the battery cavities 3 and is connected to the outside. The air circulation area 7 is arranged in a linear array along the height direction of the protective shell 1. A BMS controller 8 is provided at the upper end of the protective shell 1. The BMS controller 8 is electrically connected to the heating film 4, the temperature sensor 5 and the temperature control component 6 respectively. A power socket is provided on one side of the protective shell 1. The device is intended to provide an electric vehicle with a mobile energy storage unit that can maintain efficient operation in a low-temperature environment. By integrating key components such as a heating film 4, a temperature control component 6, and an air circulation area 7, it ensures that the lithium-ion battery 2 can maintain optimal performance under various temperature conditions and prolongs the battery life. The protective shell 1, as the outer shell of the entire system, provides physical protection to prevent the external environment from damaging the internal components. A number of battery cavities 3 are arranged in a circular array inside the protective shell 1, and each battery cavity 3 independently stores a lithium-ion battery 2. Such a layout is not only conducive to uniform heat distribution, but also convenient for management and maintenance of each battery unit; the lithium-ion battery 2 is the core energy storage element of the entire device, and they are arranged The lithium-ion batteries 2 are fully arranged in their respective battery cavities 3. These lithium-ion batteries 2 are responsible for storing electrical energy and releasing it to the electric vehicle when needed. In order to ensure the safety and reliability of the lithium-ion batteries 2, each lithium-ion battery 2 is equipped with necessary protection measures, such as overcharge or over-discharge protection circuits, etc.; the temperature sensor 5 is embedded and installed at the top of each battery cavity 3, which is used to monitor the temperature changes in the battery cavity 3 in real time. The temperature sensor 5 is crucial for achieving precise temperature control. It can help the BMS controller 8 accurately determine when to start or stop the heating process to ensure that the lithium-ion battery 2 is always in the optimal operating temperature range; the temperature control component 6 is located in the temperature control cavity 31 in the protective shell 1, and is responsible for accurately controlling the temperature of the entire system. Control, with temperature monitoring and feedback functions: by connecting to the temperature sensor 5, the temperature control component 6 can obtain the temperature information in each battery cavity 3 in real time and adjust the working state accordingly; insulation function: once the lithium-ion battery 2 reaches the optimal operating temperature, the heating film 4 is turned off, and the temperature control component provides subsequent insulation effect, reducing unnecessary energy consumption and preventing damage that may be caused by frequent heating-cooling cycles. This method not only saves energy but also extends the service life of the lithium-ion battery; auxiliary cooling: if the temperature of the lithium-ion battery 2 is too high due to the external environment or other factors, the temperature control component 6 can help cool it down by activating an additional cooling mechanism. This method is more effective than simply relying on natural heat dissipation, especially In a high temperature environment; the air circulation area 7 runs through each battery cavity 3, allowing external cold air to flow in and mix with the heated hot air before being discharged, thereby achieving the effect of natural heat dissipation, effectively separating each battery cavity 3, and ensuring that each lithium-ion battery 2 can perform efficient heat dissipation in its exclusive battery cavity 3, avoiding mutual influence between different lithium-ion batteries 2; the BMS controller 8 is located on the top of the protective shell 1, responsible for coordinating and managing the work of the heating film 4, the temperature sensor 5 and the temperature control component 6, ensuring that the lithium-ion battery 2 can obtain sufficient heat at low temperatures and will not be damaged due to overheating. In addition, the BMS also undertakes functions such as battery status monitoring and fault diagnosis to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the entire system; Specifically, the temperature control assembly 6 includes a liquid storage chamber 61, a heating plate 62, a cooling plate 63, a circulation pipeline 64 and a delivery pump 65. The liquid storage chamber 61 is opened at the bottom of the protective shell 1, and the liquid storage chamber 61 is used to store circulating liquid. The heating plate 62 and the cooling plate 63 are respectively arranged in the liquid storage chamber 61. The heating plate 62 and the cooling plate 63 heat and cool the circulating liquid respectively. A circulation pipeline 64 is provided above the liquid storage chamber 61. The circulation pipeline 64 is arranged in a corrugated shape in the temperature control chamber 31. Both ends of the circulation pipeline 64 are connected to the liquid storage chamber 61. A delivery pump 65 is provided on the circulation pipeline 64. The heating plate 62, the cooling plate 63 and the delivery pump 65 are respectively electrically connected to the BMS controller 8. The liquid storage chamber 61 is used to store circulating liquid. The circulating liquid is a liquid specially designed to transfer heat, and usually has good thermal conductivity and chemical stability. The lower end of the protective shell 1 is provided with a circulating liquid inlet and outlet. A heating plate 62 and a cooling plate 63 are provided inside the liquid storage chamber 61, which are respectively responsible for heating or cooling the circulating liquid. The liquid storage chamber 61 serves as a heat exchange center in the entire temperature control system and can adjust the temperature of the circulating liquid as needed. The temperature control component 6 has the ability to heat and cool at the same time, which greatly improves the flexibility and response speed of the system. The circulation pipeline 64 is arranged in a corrugated shape in the temperature control chamber 31, and both ends are connected to the liquid storage chamber 61, which increases the heat exchange area and improves the heat exchange efficiency, so that the heat in the circulating liquid can be transferred more effectively; Specifically, the cross section of the protective shell 1 is an equilateral triangle, the edges and corners of the outer wall of the protective shell 1 are all rounded, the number of the battery cavities 3 is set to three and a circular array is arranged in the protective shell 1; The cross section of the protective shell 1 is designed to be an equilateral triangle. Compared with the traditional circular or rectangular cross section, the equilateral triangle can provide better compression resistance under the condition of the same material usage. This is because the triangular structure naturally has a higher stability, which can effectively disperse the external force and reduce the local stress concentration, thereby enhancing the protective ability of the protective shell 1 to the internal components; Specifically, the protective shell 1 includes a protective bottom shell 11 and a protective top shell 12, wherein the protective bottom shell 11 is arranged at the lower end of the protective top shell 12, and the protective bottom shell 11 and the protective top shell 12 are fixedly connected by a quick connector 13; The protective bottom shell 11 is located at the bottom, plays a supporting role, and provides a stable foundation for the internal components; the protective top shell 12 is installed at the top, covering and protecting the entire device from the influence of the external environment. The quick connector 13 is a key component for connecting the protective bottom shell 11 and the protective top shell 12. It makes the fixation between the two fast and reliable, shortens the assembly time, and also facilitates the subsequent inspection and maintenance; Specifically, the quick connector 13 includes a connecting column 131 and a connecting groove 132, wherein the connecting column 131 is fixedly installed at the middle position of the lower end of the protective top shell 12, and the connecting groove 132 is opened at the middle position of the upper end of the protective bottom shell 11, and an inner cavity is provided in the connecting column 131 and a locking member 9 is provided in the inner cavity, and the connecting column 131 is fixedly installed in the connecting groove 132 through the locking member 9; The connection column 131 and the connection groove 132 are both arranged at the central position of the protective top shell 12 and the protective bottom shell 11. Traditionally, although fasteners are arranged at the edge of the protective shell 1 to provide a certain fixing effect, it is also easy to cause local stress concentration, especially when subjected to external impact. In contrast, the central positioning connection method can more evenly distribute the pressure from above, avoid stress points caused by fasteners, and thus reduce the risk of cracking or deformation. No additional fasteners are required at the edge, which means that the assembly steps are reduced, and the possibility of sealing failure due to improper installation is also reduced. In addition, the absence of exposed fasteners also helps to maintain a neat and beautiful appearance; Specifically, the locking member 9 includes a servo motor 91, a rotating rod 92, a fixing ring 93, an arc-shaped connecting rod 94 and a locking column 95. The servo motor 91 is fixedly mounted on the top of the inner cavity and the rotating rod 92 is fixedly mounted on the output end of the servo motor 91. The end of the rotating rod 92 is movably mounted in the inner cavity. The fixing ring 93 is fixedly mounted on the rotating rod 92. The locking columns 95 are arranged in a circular array on the outer wall of the fixing ring 93. The side wall of the connecting column 131 is provided with an inlet and outlet channel in a circular array. The locking columns 95 and the inlet and outlet channels are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The locking column 95 and the fixing ring 93 are movably connected through the arc-shaped connecting rod 94. The inner wall of the connecting groove 132 is provided with a locking groove corresponding to the locking column 95 in a circular array. The servo motor 91 is electrically connected to the BMS controller 8. The locking posts 95 are arranged in a circular array on the outer wall of the fixing ring 93, and correspond to the inlet and outlet channels on the side wall of the connecting post 131 one by one. When the servo motor 91 is started and the rotating rod 92 is rotated, the locking posts 95 will pass through their respective inlet and outlet channels in turn, and finally be embedded in the locking grooves pre-set on the inner wall of the connecting groove 132. Such a design not only realizes rapid locking, but also ensures the tightness and safety of the connection. The servo motor 91 is used as a power source. The servo motor 91 is fixedly installed on the top of the inner cavity of the connecting post 131. It drives the rotating rod 92 to rotate through high-precision angle control. The servo motor 91 is characterized in that it can provide very accurate position feedback to ensure that each operation can achieve the expected effect. Specifically, an inner edge plate 121 is installed on the upper end of the protective top shell 12, and a top cover 14 is fixedly installed on the inner edge plate 121 by bolts. The BMS controller 8 is located in the top cover 14, and a handle ring 16 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the top cover 14 through a connecting handle 15. The handle ring 16 is arranged in the middle position above the top cover 14, and the connecting handle 15 is arranged on the side wall of the handle ring 16 in a circumferential array; The inner edge plate 121 is installed at the upper edge of the protective top shell 12, which plays a role in strengthening the structural strength and providing an additional installation surface, providing a stable support platform for the top cover 14 installed later, and is fixed on the inner edge plate 121 by bolts, forming a protective barrier for the BMS controller 8 to protect it from the external environment. The handle ring 16 is set in the middle position above the top cover 14, which is a key component that the user directly touches and uses to lift or carry the entire device. The design of the handle ring 16 needs to take into account both comfort and durability, and is usually made of wear-resistant, anti-aging and good-feeling materials, such as nylon or engineering plastics; Specifically, a sealing gasket 17 is provided at an edge position of one end adjacent to the protective bottom shell 11 and the protective top shell 12, and the sealing gasket 17 is arranged along the peripheral wall direction of the protective bottom shell 11 and the protective top shell 12; The main function of the sealing gasket 17 is to prevent external particles and liquids from entering the protective shell 1. In addition to the physical isolation function, the sealing gasket 17 can also play a certain shock-absorbing effect, absorb the impact force from the outside, and reduce the impact on the internal components; Specifically, the end of the locking column 95 is truncated and fixedly mounted with a touch sensor 951, and the touch sensor 951 is electrically connected to the BMS controller 8; The end of the locking column 95 adopts a truncated cone design. This shape not only helps to reduce the friction resistance when entering or exiting the locking groove, but also provides a more stable contact surface to ensure that the locking action is completed smoothly. The truncated cone design allows the locking column 95 to transition to the locking position more smoothly during the rotation process, reducing the risk of jamming. The touch sensor 951 is installed at the end of the locking column 95 to monitor the change of the locking state in real time. When the locking column 95 enters or leaves the locking groove, the touch sensor 951 will sense this action and send a signal to the BMS controller 8, which provides the system with instant status feedback to ensure that each locking operation can be accurately recorded; Specifically, a card holder 18 is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the protective bottom shell 11, and the card holder 18 is arranged in a circular array on the lower end of the protective bottom shell 11; The main function of the base 18 is to provide an additional support point for the protective bottom shell 11 to ensure that it can be placed stably in the designated position. By evenly distributing the base 18 on the lower edge of the protective bottom shell 11, the weight load can be effectively dispersed to avoid deformation or damage due to excessive local pressure.

[0020] Working principle: This device is designed to provide electric vehicles with a mobile energy storage unit that can maintain high efficiency in low-temperature environments. By integrating key components such as heating film 4, temperature control component 6 and air circulation area 7, it ensures that the lithium-ion battery 2 can maintain optimal performance under various temperature conditions and extend the battery life. The protective shell 1, as the shell of the entire system, provides physical protection to prevent the external environment from damaging the internal components. Several battery cavities 3 are arranged in a circular array inside the protective shell 1. Each battery cavity 3 independently stores a lithium-ion battery 2. This layout is not only conducive to uniform heat distribution, but also convenient for management and maintenance of each battery unit; the lithium-ion battery 2 is the core energy storage element of the entire device. It They are safely placed in their respective battery cavities 3. These lithium-ion batteries 2 are responsible for storing electrical energy and releasing it to the electric vehicle when needed. In order to ensure the safety and reliability of the lithium-ion batteries 2, each lithium-ion battery 2 is equipped with necessary protection measures, such as overcharge or over-discharge protection circuits. The temperature sensor 5 is embedded and installed at the top of each battery cavity 3 to monitor the temperature changes in the battery cavity 3 in real time. The temperature sensor 5 is essential for achieving precise temperature control. It can help the BMS controller 8 accurately determine when to start or stop the heating process to ensure that the lithium-ion battery 2 is always in the optimal operating temperature range. The temperature control component 6 is located in the temperature control cavity 31 in the protective shell 1 and is responsible for controlling the temperature of the entire system. Precise control, with temperature monitoring and feedback functions: By connecting to the temperature sensor 5, the temperature control component 6 can obtain the temperature information in each battery cavity 3 in real time and adjust the working state accordingly; Insulation function: Once the lithium-ion battery 2 reaches the optimal operating temperature, the heating film 4 is turned off, and the temperature control component provides subsequent insulation effect, reducing unnecessary energy consumption and preventing damage that may be caused by frequent heating-cooling cycles. This method not only saves energy but also extends the service life of the lithium-ion battery; Auxiliary cooling: If the temperature of the lithium-ion battery 2 is too high due to the external environment or other factors, the temperature control component 6 can help cool it down by activating an additional cooling mechanism. This method is more effective than simply relying on natural heat dissipation, especially It is in a high temperature environment; the air circulation area 7 runs through each battery cavity 3, allowing external cold air to flow in and mix with the heated hot air before being discharged, thereby achieving the effect of natural heat dissipation, effectively separating each battery cavity 3, and ensuring that each lithium-ion battery 2 can be efficiently cooled in its own battery cavity 3, avoiding mutual influence between different lithium-ion batteries 2; the BMS controller 8 is located on the top of the protective shell 1, responsible for coordinating and managing the work of the heating film 4, the temperature sensor 5 and the temperature control component 6, ensuring that the lithium-ion battery 2 can obtain sufficient heat at low temperatures and will not be damaged due to overheating. In addition, the BMS also undertakes functions such as battery status monitoring and fault diagnosis to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the entire system.

[0021] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0022] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lithium-ion battery self-heating device in a low-temperature environment, comprising a protective shell (1) and a lithium-ion battery (2), characterized in that: A plurality of battery cavities (3) are provided inside the protective shell (1), the lithium-ion batteries (2) are located in corresponding battery cavities (3), a heating film (4) is provided on the outer wall of the lithium-ion battery (2) for rapidly heating the lithium-ion battery (2) under low temperature conditions, a temperature sensor (5) is embedded in the top of the battery cavity (3) for detecting the temperature inside the battery cavity (3), a temperature control cavity (31) is provided inside the protective shell (1) and outside the battery cavity (3), and a temperature control component (6) is provided in the temperature control cavity (31) for controlling the temperature of the battery cavity (3). Temperature control is performed. An air circulation area (7) is provided in the middle of the protective shell (1) for naturally dissipating heat from the lithium-ion battery (2). The air circulation area (7) is arranged between the battery cavities (3) and is connected to the outside. The air circulation areas (7) are arranged in a linear array along the height direction of the protective shell (1). A BMS controller (8) is provided at the upper end of the protective shell (1). The BMS controller (8) is electrically connected to the heating film (4), the temperature sensor (5) and the temperature control component (6) respectively. A power socket is provided on one side of the protective shell (1).

2. The lithium-ion battery self-heating device in a low temperature environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control component (6) comprises a liquid storage chamber (61), a heating plate (62), a cooling plate (63), a circulation pipeline (64) and a delivery pump (65). The liquid storage chamber (61) is provided at the bottom of the protective shell (1). The liquid storage chamber (61) is used to store circulating liquid. The heating plate (62) and the cooling plate (63) are respectively arranged in the liquid storage chamber (61). The heating plate (62) and the cooling plate (63) respectively heat and cool the circulating liquid. A circulation pipeline (64) is provided above the liquid storage chamber (61). The circulation pipeline (64) is arranged in a corrugated shape in the temperature control chamber (31). Both ends of the circulation pipeline (64) are connected to the liquid storage chamber (61). A delivery pump (65) is provided on the circulation pipeline (64). The heating plate (62), the cooling plate (63) and the delivery pump (65) are respectively electrically connected to the BMS controller (8).

3. The lithium-ion battery self-heating device in a low temperature environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the protective shell (1) is arranged in the form of an equilateral triangle, the corners of the outer wall of the protective shell (1) are all rounded, and the number of the battery cavities (3) is arranged in three and a circular array is arranged in the protective shell (1).

4. The lithium-ion battery self-heating device in a low temperature environment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The protective shell (1) comprises a protective bottom shell (11) and a protective top shell (12); the protective bottom shell (11) is arranged at the lower end of the protective top shell (12); the protective bottom shell (11) and the protective top shell (12) are fixedly connected via a quick connector (13).

5. The lithium-ion battery self-heating device in a low temperature environment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The quick connector (13) comprises a connecting column (131) and a connecting groove (132); the connecting column (131) is fixedly mounted at a middle position of a lower end of the protective top shell (12); the connecting groove (132) is opened at a middle position of an upper end of the protective bottom shell (11); an inner cavity is provided in the connecting column (131) and a locking component (9) is provided in the inner cavity; the connecting column (131) is fixedly mounted in the connecting groove (132) via the locking component (9).

6. The lithium-ion battery self-heating device in a low temperature environment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The locking member (9) comprises a servo motor (91), a rotating rod (92), a fixing ring (93), an arc-shaped connecting rod (94) and a locking column (95); the servo motor (91) is fixedly mounted on the top of the inner cavity and the rotating rod (92) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the servo motor (91); the end of the rotating rod (92) is movably mounted in the inner cavity; the fixing ring (93) is fixedly mounted on the rotating rod (92); the locking columns (95) are arranged in a circumferential array on the outer wall of the fixing ring (93); the side wall of the connecting column (131) is provided with an inlet and outlet channel in a circumferential array; the locking columns (95) and the inlet and outlet channels are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; the locking columns (95) and the fixing ring (93) are movably connected via the arc-shaped connecting rod (94); the inner wall of the connecting groove (132) is provided with a locking groove corresponding to the locking columns (95) in a circumferential array; and the servo motor (91) and the BMS controller (8) are electrically connected.

7. The lithium-ion battery self-heating device in a low temperature environment according to claim 4, characterized in that: An inner edge plate (121) is mounted on the upper end of the protective top shell (12), a top cover (14) is fixedly mounted on the inner edge plate (121) by means of bolts, the BMS controller (8) is located inside the top cover (14), a handle ring (16) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the top cover (14) by means of a connecting handle (15), the handle ring (16) is arranged at a middle position above the top cover (14), and the connecting handle (15) is arranged in a circular array on the side wall of the handle ring (16).

8. The lithium-ion battery self-heating device in a low temperature environment according to claim 4, characterized in that: A sealing gasket (17) is provided at an edge position of one end adjacent to the protective bottom shell (11) and the protective top shell (12), and the sealing gasket (17) is arranged along the peripheral wall direction of the protective bottom shell (11) and the protective top shell (12).

9. The lithium-ion battery self-heating device in a low temperature environment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end of the locking column (95) is arranged in a truncated cone shape and is fixedly mounted with a touch sensor (951); the touch sensor (951) is electrically connected to the BMS controller (8).

10. The lithium-ion battery self-heating device in a low temperature environment according to claim 4, characterized in that: A clamping seat (18) is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the protective bottom shell (11), and the clamping seats (18) are arranged in a circular array on the lower end of the protective bottom shell (11).

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