Electrical connector, electrical connection assembly, electrical connection system and vehicle

Abstract

The electric connecting piece comprises a main body part, the main body part comprises a first alloy part and a second alloy part which are connected, the thickness of the main body part is delta0, the electrical conductivity of the main body part is rho0, the width of the main body part is omega, omega > rho0 / [delta0 * rho0 * (2 lambda V)], lambda is 0.5 mm <-2 >, sigma is standard electrical conductivity, V = V1 / V, V = V <-1 >, V = V <-1 >, and V = V <-1 >. V1 is the volume of the first alloy part, and V is the volume of the main body part. The electric connector can work for a long time under large current.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, and in particular to an electrical connector, an electrical connector assembly, an electrical connector system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the development of new energy vehicles, vehicles have higher requirements for their ability to carry current for a long time, withstand high currents, and have high heat dissipation efficiency. Existing electrical connectors have poor conductivity, and their temperature rises greatly under high current conditions, and they cannot work for a long time under high currents. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide an electrical connector, an electrical connector assembly, an electrical connector system and a vehicle, so as to solve the problem that the electrical connector cannot work for a long time under a large current.

[0004] To achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an electrical connector, including a main body, wherein the main body includes a first alloy member and a second alloy member connected, the density of the first alloy member is ρ1, the density of the second alloy member is ρ2, and the following conditions are satisfied: ρ1>ρ2; the thickness of the main body is δ0, the electrical conductivity of the main body is б0, and the width of the main body is ω, and the following conditions are satisfied: ω>б / [δ*б0*(2λ△V)], wherein λ is 0.5 mm -2 , б is the standard conductivity, △V=V1 / V, V1 is the volume of the first alloy part, and V is the volume of the main body.

[0006] In one embodiment, the thickness of the first alloy part is δ1, the conductivity of the first alloy part is б1, the thickness of the second alloy part is δ2, the conductivity of the second alloy part is б2, satisfying: б0=б1*δ1 / (δ1+δ2)+б2*δ2 / (δ1+δ2), and б0≥64%IACS.

[0007] In one embodiment, the first alloy part is a copper alloy part, and the second alloy part is an aluminum alloy part. Preferably, the copper alloy part includes Cu and Ag, and preferably, also includes at least one of Bi, Sb, As, Fe, Pb and S; and / or, the aluminum alloy part includes Al, and preferably, also includes at least one of Si, Fe, Mg, Cu, Mn, B, Zn and Ti.

[0008] In one embodiment, the electrical connector includes a connecting end, the connecting end is connected to at least one end of the main body, and the connecting end is provided with a fixing hole, and the fixing hole is suitable for connecting to the electrical device or the electrical connector.

[0009] In one embodiment, the electrical connector further includes a buffer portion, and the buffer portion wraps at least a portion of the main body portion.

[0010] In one embodiment, the buffer portion includes a plurality of stacked portions stacked in sequence, and the stacked portions are sheet-shaped alloy components.

[0011] In one embodiment, the electrical connector further comprises a primer layer and / or a wear-resistant layer and / or an insulating layer and / or a shielding layer, and the primer layer and / or the wear-resistant layer and / or the insulating layer and / or the shielding layer wrap the main body.

[0012] In one embodiment, the main body further includes a curved section.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an electrical connection assembly, comprising a fixing member and an electrical connection member as described in any one of the various embodiments of the first aspect, wherein the electrical connection member is connected to the fixing member.

[0014] In one embodiment, there are a plurality of electrical connectors, and the plurality of electrical connectors are arranged at intervals on the fixing member.

[0015] In one embodiment, the plurality of electrical connectors are at least partially connected in series and / or at least partially connected in parallel.

[0016] In one embodiment, the fixing member is provided with at least one positioning groove, and the electrical connecting member is at least partially received in the positioning groove.

[0017] In one embodiment, the electrical connection assembly further includes an identification portion, and the identification portion is disposed on an outer surface of the fixing member.

[0018] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electrical connection system, comprising an electrical device and an electrical connection assembly as described in any one of the various embodiments of the second aspect, wherein the electrical device is connected to the electrical connector.

[0019] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle, comprising a vehicle body and an electrical connection system as described in any one of the various embodiments of the third aspect, wherein the electrical connection system is disposed in the vehicle body.

[0020] When designing a composite material of a first alloy and a second alloy with different thickness ratios to prepare the main body of the electrical connector of the present invention, the relationship between the width ω, thickness δ0, and conductivity б0 of the main body meets the requirements of the present invention for relevant parameters of the main body, so that the electrical connector of the present invention has good conductivity, small temperature rise under high current conditions, and can work under high current for a long time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 is a front view of an electrical connector of an embodiment;

[0023] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of an electrical connector of an embodiment;

[0024] Figure 3 is a side view of an electrical connector of an embodiment;

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of middle GG;

[0026] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an electrical connection assembly of an embodiment;

[0027] Figure 6 is a front view of an electrical connection assembly according to an embodiment;

[0028] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of an electrical connection system of an embodiment;

[0029] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of a main body portion of an embodiment;

[0030] Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a buffer portion of an embodiment.

[0031] Description of reference numerals:

[0032] 100-electrical connection assembly, 10-electrical connection part, 11-main body, 111-bending section, 112-first section, 113-second section, 114-first alloy part, 115-second alloy part, 116-transition layer, 12-connecting end, 121-fixing hole, 13-buffer part, 131-stacking part, 14-base layer, 15-wear-resistant layer, 16-insulating layer, 17-shielding layer, 20-fixing part, 21-positioning groove, 22-identification part, 30-electrical equipment, 200-electrical connection system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there can be a central component. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there can be a central component at the same time.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. The terms used in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used in the present invention includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0036] Some embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0037] For reference Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 8 The present invention provides an electrical connector 10, which includes a main body 11, and the main body 11 includes a first alloy member 114 and a second alloy member 115 connected to each other. The density of the first alloy member 114 is ρ1, and the density of the second alloy member 115 is ρ2, satisfying: ρ1>ρ2; the thickness of the main body 11 is δ0, the electrical conductivity of the main body 11 is б0, and the width of the main body 11 is ω, satisfying: ω>б / [δ0*б0*(2λ△V)], where λ is 0.5mm -2 , б is the standard conductivity, △V=V1 / V, V1 is the volume of the first alloy part 114, and V is the volume of the main body 11.

[0038] Specifically, the volume of the main body 11 is always V, the volume of the first alloy part 114 is V1, and the volume of the second alloy part 115 is V2, ΔV=V1 / V, where V=V1+V2. When there is no first alloy part 114 in the main body 11, the volume of the main body 11 is consistent with the volume of the second alloy part 115. Optionally, V satisfies: 2.5 mm 3 ≤V≤5000000mm 3 , V can be 2.5mm3 , 100mm 3 , 1000mm 3 , 10000mm 3 、100000mm 3 ,1000000mm 3 、5000000mm 3 Wait, no restrictions.

[0039] In one embodiment, the thickness of the first alloy part 114 is δ1, the electrical conductivity of the first alloy part 114 is б1, the thickness of the second alloy part 115 is δ2, and the electrical conductivity of the second alloy part 115 is б2, satisfying: б0=б1*δ1 / (δ1+δ2)+б2*δ2 / (δ1+δ2), and б0≥64%IACS.

[0040] Optionally, the thickness δ0 of the main body 11 satisfies: 0.5 mm ≤ δ0 ≤ 50 mm. δ0 can be 0.5 mm, 10 mm, 20 mm, 30 mm, 40 mm, 50 mm, etc., without limitation.

[0041] Optionally, the width ω of the main body 11 satisfies: 0.5 mm ≤ ω ≤ 100 mm. ω can be 0.5 mm, 10 mm, 20 mm, 40 mm, 60 mm, 80 mm, 100 mm, etc., without limitation.

[0042] Optionally, the thickness δ1 of the first alloy member 114 satisfies: 0.5 mm ≤ δ1 ≤ 50 mm. δ1 can be 0.5 mm, 10 mm, 20 mm, 30 mm, 40 mm, 50 mm, etc., without limitation.

[0043] Optionally, the thickness δ2 of the second alloy member 115 satisfies: 0.5 mm ≤ δ2 ≤ 50 mm. δ2 can be 0.5 mm, 10 mm, 20 mm, 30 mm, 40 mm, 50 mm, etc., without limitation.

[0044] Optionally, the first alloy member 114 is a copper alloy member, and the second alloy member 115 is an aluminum alloy member.

[0045] Optionally, the connection method between the first alloy part 114 and the second alloy part 115 can be any one of stacking, coating, and embedding. Specifically, the first alloy part 114 can be embedded in the second alloy part 115, or the second alloy part 115 can be embedded in the first alloy part 114; the first alloy part 114 can coat the second alloy part 115, or the second alloy part 115 can coat the first alloy part 114, without limitation.

[0046] When designing the composite material of the first alloy and the second alloy with different thickness ratios to prepare the main body of the electrical connector 10 of the present invention, the relationship between the width ω, thickness δ0, and conductivity б0 of the main body 11 meets the requirements of the present invention for the relevant parameters of the main body 11, so that the electrical connector 10 of the present invention has good conductivity and can work for a long time under large current.

[0047] In one embodiment, the first alloy part 114 is a copper alloy part, and the second alloy part 115 is an aluminum alloy part. Preferably, the copper alloy part includes Cu and Ag, and preferably also includes at least one of Bi, Sb, As, Fe, Pb and S; and / or, the aluminum alloy part includes Al, and preferably also includes at least one of Si, Fe, Mg, Cu, Mn, B, Zn and Ti.

[0048] Optionally, the aluminum alloy part may be made of a deformed aluminum alloy of series 1, 3, 4 or 8, depending on the chemical elements added. Further, the aluminum alloy part is made of a deformed aluminum alloy of grades 1060, 1050, 1100, 3003, 8011 or 8030. Specifically, the 1060 aluminum alloy is an alloy formed by adding a small amount of magnesium and zinc to pure aluminum, with a mass fraction of Mg of 0.4%-1% and a mass fraction of Zn of 0.25%.

[0049] Optionally, depending on the added chemical elements, the copper alloy parts with Zn added are brass, the copper alloy parts with Ni, Zn and other elements are nickel silver, and the copper alloy parts with Sn, Al, Zn and other elements are bronze.

[0050] Chemical elements are added to copper or aluminum to form an alloy. Compared with pure aluminum or pure copper, the alloy has the advantages of high hardness, good heat resistance and corrosion resistance.

[0051] Compared with pure copper materials, the main body 11 composed of copper alloy parts and aluminum alloy parts can give full play to the respective advantages of copper alloy parts and aluminum alloy parts. The copper alloy parts have fast thermal conductivity, can quickly conduct heat out, and evenly transfer heat to the aluminum alloy parts, and then the aluminum alloy parts quickly dissipate the heat; and the use of aluminum alloy parts is also beneficial to reduce the weight and cost of the electrical connector 10.

[0052] Optionally, the conductivity of the main body 11 is б0, which satisfies: б0 ≥ 64% IACS. In the description of the present invention, the conductivity of the main body 11 is the ratio of the conductivity of the main body 11 to the standard conductivity of the pure copper material, expressed as % IACS. The standard conductivity of the present invention is 100% IACS. The standard conductivity is an annealed copper wire with a density of 8.89g / cm3, a length of 1m, a mass of 1g, and a resistance of 0.15328 ohms as a measurement standard. At 20 degrees Celsius, the resistivity of the above annealed copper wire is 1.7241μΩ·cm, (or a conductivity of 58.0MS / m) and is determined to be 100% IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard). Specifically, through a DC resistance tester, the terminal of the instrument is connected to the electrical connector 10 to be tested, the length and cross-sectional area of ​​the electrical connector 10 to be tested are input, and the instrument measurement value is read to obtain the conductivity of the main body 11.

[0053] Optional, б0 is 64%IACS, 68%IACS, 70%IACS, 80%IACS, 90%IACS, 96%IACS, 98%IACS, etc. without restriction.

[0054] For reference Figure 4 Optionally, the cross-section of the main body 11 of the electrical connector 10 is a cross-section obtained by cutting at a position perpendicular to the large plane of the electrical connector 10 and perpendicular to the edge line of the outer contour. The cross-sectional width of the main body 11 of the electrical connector 10 is 15mm-25mm, and the cross-sectional thickness of the main body 11 is 2mm-5mm. Specifically, the cross-sectional width of the main body 11 can be 15mm, 18mm, 20mm, 25mm, etc., without limitation; the cross-sectional thickness of the main body 11 can be 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, etc., without limitation.

[0055] Optionally, the tensile strength of the main body 11 is n, satisfying: n≥110 MPa.

[0056] Optionally, the main body 11 also meets the requirement of no cracks on the surface of the 90° bend (1t). According to the YB / T5349-2014 metal material bending mechanical properties test method, a microcomputer-controlled electronic universal tensile testing machine is used to bend the material 90° under pressure load, and the morphology of the bend is observed under a metallographic microscope.

[0057] For reference Figure 8Optionally, a transition layer 116 is further provided between the first alloy part 114 and the second alloy part 115. When the first alloy part 114 is a copper alloy part and the second alloy part 115 is an aluminum alloy part, the material of the transition layer 116 may be an intermetallic compound formed by Al and Cu, may be formed by Cu atoms filling in the Al lattice, or may be formed by Al atoms filling in the Cu lattice. Specifically, the material of the transition layer 116 may be CuAl2, Cu9Al4, CuAl, etc., without limitation.

[0058] Optionally, a single electrical connector 10 may be placed horizontally, vertically, or at any angle.

[0059] Optionally, the strength of the main body 11 composited with the first alloy part 114 and the second alloy part 115 is higher than that of the pure second alloy, and the weight of the main body 11 composited with the first alloy part 114 and the second alloy part 115 is light. When the first alloy part 114 is a copper alloy part and the second alloy part 115 is an aluminum alloy part, the density of the main body 11 is 3.94 g / cm3, which is only 44% of the density of pure copper. The main body 11 of the present invention can reduce weight by 40% compared with pure copper, and the comprehensive cost is only about 15% of that of copper alloy.

[0060] Optionally, the first alloy part 114 may be arranged on at least one end of the second alloy part 115 in the width direction of the composite plate. Specifically, the first alloy part 114 is arranged on one end of the second alloy part 115 in the width direction of the composite plate, or the first alloy part 114 is arranged on both ends of the second alloy part 115 in the width direction of the composite plate.

[0061] Optionally, the first alloy member 114 may be a plurality of embedded members, and the plurality of embedded members are embedded in the second alloy member 115. The plurality of embedded members may be arranged at equal intervals or at unequal intervals. Alternatively, the second alloy member 115 may be a plurality of embedded members, and the plurality of embedded members are embedded in the first alloy member 114.

[0062] In one embodiment, when the first alloy part 114 is a copper alloy part, the following is satisfied: the mass fraction of Cu+Ag is a1, wherein 99.7%≤a1<100%; preferably, the following is also satisfied: the mass fraction of Bi is a2, wherein 0<a2≤0.001%; ​​and / or, the mass fraction of Sb is a3, wherein 0<a3≤0.002%; and / or, the mass fraction of As is a4, wherein 0<a4≤0.002%; and / or, the mass fraction of Fe is a5, wherein 0<a5≤0.005%; and / or, the mass fraction of Pb is a6, wherein 0<a6≤0.005%; and / or, the mass fraction of S is a7, wherein 0<a7≤0.005%; and / or; when the second alloy part 115 is an aluminum alloy, the following is satisfied: Sufficient: the mass fraction of Al is b1, wherein 97.30%≤b1<100%; preferably, it also satisfies: the mass fraction of Si is b2, wherein 0<b2≤0.75%; and / or, the mass fraction of Fe is b3, wherein 0<b3≤0.35%; and / or, the mass fraction of Mg is b4, wherein 0<b4≤1%; and / or, the mass fraction of Cu is b5, wherein 0<b5≤0.1%; and / or, the mass fraction of Mn is b6, wherein 0<b6≤0.1%; and / or, the mass fraction of B is b7, wherein 0<b7≤0.1%; and / or, the mass fraction of Zn is b8, wherein 0<b8≤0.25%; and / or, the mass fraction of Ti is b9, wherein 0<b9≤0.05%.

[0063] The mass fraction and type of the added chemical elements are adjusted to form different types of alloys, thereby changing the thermal conductivity, hardness and other properties of the second alloy part 115 or the first alloy part 114.

[0064] When designing the main body 11 of the electrical connector 10 made of a composite material of a first alloy and a second alloy with different thickness ratios, the relationship between the width ω, thickness δ0, and conductivity б0 of the main body 11 meets the requirements of the present invention for relevant parameters of the main body 11, so that the electrical connector 10 of the present invention has good conductivity and can work for a long time under large current.

[0065] For reference Figure 5 In one embodiment, the electrical connector 10 includes a connecting end 12, which is connected to at least one end of the main body 11. The connecting end 12 is provided with a fixing hole 121, and the fixing hole 121 is suitable for connecting to the electrical device 30 or the electrical connector 10.

[0066] The electrical equipment 30 includes, but is not limited to, at least one of a battery pack, a transformer, a motor, a circuit breaker, an AC / DC converter, a switch cabinet, a capacitor, and a charging pile.

[0067] The type of the connection end 12 can be plug-in type, crimping type, cold pressing type, threaded type, etc., without limitation. The connection method of the connection end 12 and the electrical device 30 or the electrical connector 10 can be threaded connection, welding, crimping, winding, etc., without limitation.

[0068] The shape of the fixing hole 121 can be circular, elliptical, rectangular, etc., without limitation.

[0069] The connection end 12 can be used to connect wires and cables, connect terminal devices (such as switches, sockets, sensors, motors, etc., so that these devices can be connected to power and control signals), provide electrical connections, and reduce electrical interference (such as electromagnetic interference (EMI) or radio frequency interference (RFI) to ensure signal quality and stability).

[0070] The connection end 12 and the main body 11 are integrally formed, and the fixing hole 121 is provided on the connection end 12, which avoids the problem of using transitions between the electrical connectors 10 and improves the installation accuracy. The fixing hole 121 solves the problem of inconvenient installation and disassembly of the electrical connector 10. The electrical connector 10 of the present invention does not require multiple transitions when connected to the electrical equipment 30 and other electrical connectors 10, has high conductivity efficiency, is easy to install and disassemble, and has high dimensional accuracy. It will not loosen the connection with the electrical equipment 30 and other electrical connectors 10 due to force, avoids the connection falling off due to breakage or loosening of the electrical connector 10, and at the same time avoids serious consequences such as failure of the power distribution function and vehicle fire.

[0071] For reference Figure 1 In one embodiment, the electrical connector 10 further includes a buffer portion 13 , and the buffer portion 13 wraps at least a portion of the main body 11 .

[0072] The buffer portion 13 wraps at least a portion of the outermost portion of the main body portion 11 .

[0073] For reference Fig. 9 In one embodiment, the buffer portion 13 includes a plurality of stacked portions 131 stacked in sequence, and the stacked portion 131 is a sheet-like alloy component. Specifically, the sheet-like alloy component can be a copper sheet, an aluminum sheet, etc., without limitation. The buffer portion 13 can be formed by stacking copper sheets and / or aluminum sheets in sequence, and the buffer portion 13 has conductivity. The plurality of stacked portions 131 can be completely identical or not completely identical.

[0074] The buffer portion 13 is suitable for absorbing cumulative installation errors and achieving a flexible connection.

[0075] For reference Figure 2 In one embodiment, the electrical connector 10 further includes a primer layer 14 and / or a wear-resistant layer 15 and / or an insulating layer 16 and / or a shielding layer 17 , the primer layer 14 and / or a wear-resistant layer 15 and / or an insulating layer 16 and / or a shielding layer 17 .

[0076] Preferably, when the electrical connector 10 includes a base layer 14, a wear-resistant layer 15, an insulating layer 16 and a shielding layer 17, the stacking relationship is that the base layer 14 wraps the main body 11, the wear-resistant layer 15 wraps the base layer 14, the insulating layer 16 wraps the wear-resistant layer 15, and the shielding layer 17 wraps the insulating layer 16.

[0077] The material of the base layer 14 can be copper, and the base layer 14 can be formed on the outer side of the main body 11 by electroplating. During the electroplating process, the positive copper metal ions are reduced to metal atoms, adsorbed on the surface of the main body 11, and migrate on the surface of the main body 11 until they are incorporated into the lattice to form the base layer 14. The electroplating process is "driven" by the difference between the reaction potential and the equilibrium potential, so that the base layer 14 is dense and flat, and has good bonding force with the main body, ensuring the adhesion of the subsequent wear-resistant layer 15 and preventing the wear-resistant layer 15 from falling off.

[0078] The material of the wear-resistant layer 15 can be nickel, and the wear-resistant layer 15 can be formed on the outer side of the base layer 14 by electroplating. Specifically, the thickness of the wear-resistant layer 15 is 6 μm, and the peel strength is 30 N / mm. By providing the wear-resistant layer 15, a smooth surface layer is obtained while ensuring excellent corrosion resistance, thereby further reducing flow resistance and enhancing the ability to radiate heat to the environment.

[0079] The insulating layer 16 is arranged on part of the circumferential side of the wear-resistant layer 15 so that part of the circumferential side of the wear-resistant layer 15 is insulated. Optionally, the insulating layer 16 can be formed by a spraying process, an extrusion process or a dipping process. The material of the insulating layer 16 is plastic, rubber, etc. Specifically, the material of the insulating layer 16 can be epoxy resin. Optionally, the thickness of the insulating layer 16 can be 0.3mm-0.9mm, specifically, the thickness of the insulating layer 16 can be 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, etc., without limitation. Specifically, the resistance of the insulating layer 16 is greater than 200mΩ (megaohm), the insulating layer 16 can insulate 3000V alternating current, and under the condition of insulating 3000V alternating current, the leakage current within 60 seconds is less than 3mA (milliamperes), and the insulating layer 16 can also insulate 1000V direct current. The insulating layer 16 increases the creepage distance and the electrical clearance, compresses the space and improves the utilization rate.

[0080] Optionally, the insulating layer 16 may also cover the portion of the main body 11 wrapped by the buffer portion 13 to ensure that the electrical connector 10 can be electrically connected to the electrical device 30 .

[0081] The shielding layer 17 is used to shield the magnetic field. The current passing through the electrical connector 10 is large, which is easy to generate eddy currents, which will further generate magnetic fields, thereby affecting the normal operation of other electrical connectors 10 or electrical equipment 30. Therefore, the shielding layer 17 is provided to shield the magnetic field generated inside the electrical connector 10 and the external magnetic field.

[0082] Specifically, the electrical connector 10 of the present invention sequentially forms a base layer 14 and a wear-resistant layer 15 on the outer side of the main body 11, and then covers the insulation layer 16 on the wear-resistant layer 15, and covers the shielding layer 17 on the insulation layer 16 to prepare the electrical connector 10. The electrical connector 10 with a multi-layer surface structure provided by the present invention has a peel strength of 30N / mm, and has the ability to resist salt spray and 85°C, 85% humidity and -40°C low temperature impact. The electrical connector 10 has excellent conductivity and a wear-resistant surface layer, which solves the corrosion problem of the electrical connector 10, the oxidation problem during use, and the problem of wear resistance and shielding.

[0083] For reference Figure 1 In one embodiment, the main body 11 also includes a curved section 111 .

[0084] Optionally, the main body 11 includes a first section 112 and a second section 113, one end of the curved section 111 is connected to the first section 112, and the end of the curved section 111 away from the first section 112 is connected to the second section 113. The first section 112 and the second section 113 are spaced apart and extend in the same direction.

[0085] The number of the bent section 111 of the electrical connector 10 may be one or more, and / or the number of the first section 112 may be one or more, and / or the number of the second section 113 may be one or more.

[0086] The bent section 111 is provided to diversify the shape of the electrical connector 10 , so that the electrical connector 10 can avoid other electrical connectors 10 or electrical equipment 30 .

[0087] In one embodiment, the main body 11 extends in a straight line. When the main body 11 extends in a straight line, the buffer portion 13 also wraps a portion of the main body 11 .

[0088] The electrical connector 10 can be extended in a curved manner or in a straight manner. The combination of various forms of electrical connectors 10 can improve space utilization.

[0089] For reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 The present invention provides an electrical connection assembly 100, including a fixing member 20 and an electrical connection member 10 according to any one of the aforementioned various embodiments, wherein the electrical connection member 10 is connected to the fixing member 20.

[0090] The fixing member 20 is an insulating component. The fixing member 20 may be an integrated structure, that is, an integrated structure prepared by an integrated process. Specifically, the integrated process may be injection molding, blow molding or extrusion molding, etc., without limitation.

[0091] The connection method between the electrical connector 10 and the fixing member 20 can be snap connection, screw connection, bonding, etc., without limitation.

[0092] The electrical connector 10 is suitable for series or parallel assembly, single-layer and multi-layer electrical connectors 10, and different numbers of connection structures, and can also meet the current carrying capacity while having a smaller volume and lighter weight. The electrical connection assembly 100 uses the electrical connector 10 as described above to transfer between electrical devices 30, and can achieve a multi-layer spatial three-dimensional layout, providing an electrical connection assembly 100 with a compact structure, high space utilization, and more convenient production, installation, and disassembly.

[0093] For reference Figure 5 In one embodiment, there are multiple electrical connectors 10, and the multiple electrical connectors 10 are arranged at intervals on the fixing member 20.

[0094] Multiple electrical connectors 10 can be placed horizontally, vertically or at any angle to each other, so that the multiple electrical connectors 10 form a multi-layer spatial three-dimensional layout in space, and can be extended and distributed outward in a variety of combinations. Therefore, the electrical connection assembly 100 has the advantages of compact structure, high space utilization and easier use while meeting the current carrying capacity.

[0095] In one embodiment, the plurality of electrical connectors 10 are at least partially connected in series and / or at least partially connected in parallel.

[0096] Optionally, all of the multiple electrical connectors 10 may be connected in series, or all of them may be connected in parallel, or some of the electrical connectors 10 may be connected in series and some of the electrical connectors 10 may be connected in parallel.

[0097] The plurality of electrical connectors 10 may be arranged in a single layer or in multiple layers.

[0098] A plurality of electrical connectors 10 may be connected to one or more fixing members 20 .

[0099] Providing the fixing member 20 is beneficial to arranging the distribution of the electrical connector 10 and improving the use efficiency of the electrical connector 10 .

[0100] For reference Figure 6 In one embodiment, the fixing member 20 is provided with at least one positioning groove 21 , and the electrical connector 10 is at least partially received in the positioning groove 21 .

[0101] The shape of the bottom wall of the positioning groove 21 can be circular, oval, rectangular, etc., without limitation. There can be multiple positioning grooves 21, and multiple positioning grooves 21 are arranged at intervals on the electrical connector 10. The spacing between any two adjacent positioning grooves 21 can be equal or unequal.

[0102] The fixing member 20 is integrally formed, and therefore the positioning groove 21 is directly formed during an integral process such as injection molding, blow molding or extrusion molding.

[0103] The fixing member 20 is provided with a positioning groove 21 to improve the installation stability. The positioning groove 21 can drive the natural convection of air through the rising of the heat dissipation airflow to improve the heat dissipation performance and reduce the weight at the same time.

[0104] For reference Figure 6 In one embodiment, the electrical connection assembly 100 further includes an identification portion 22 , and the identification portion 22 is disposed on an outer surface of the fixing member 20 .

[0105] Specifically, the identification part 22 may be an information code sprayed on the surface of the fixing part 20 by a spray printer. Optionally, the identification part 22 may be a QR code, a bar code, a serial code, etc., without limitation.

[0106] The identification portion 22 is provided so that the electrical connection assembly 100 has additional identification and storage functions.

[0107] For reference Figure 7 The present invention provides an electrical connection system 200 , including an electrical device 30 and an electrical connection assembly 100 described in any one of the aforementioned various embodiments, wherein the electrical device 30 is connected to the electrical connector 10 .

[0108] The electrical equipment 30 includes, but is not limited to, at least one of a battery pack, a transformer, a motor, a circuit breaker, an AC / DC converter, a switch cabinet, a capacitor, and a charging pile.

[0109] The connection method between the electrical device 30 and the electrical connector 10 can be welding, plugging (connecting the electrical connector 10 and the electrical device 30 through components such as plugs and sockets), crimping (establishing an electrical connection between the electrical connector 10 and the electrical device 30 by applying pressure), etc., without limitation.

[0110] Optionally, the electrical connection system 200 includes a plurality of electrical devices 30 and at least one electrical connection assembly 100 , wherein two ends of an electrical connector 10 of the electrical connection assembly 100 are respectively fixed to different electrical devices 30 and electrically connected to transmit current.

[0111] Optionally, the electrical connection system 200 includes at least one electrical connection component 100. Specifically, the electrical connection system 200 includes multiple electrical connection components 100 and multiple electrical devices 30. The multiple electrical connection components 100 can be arranged horizontally at intervals, or can be placed vertically at intervals, or can be placed at intervals at any angle, so that the multiple electrical connection components 100 form a multi-layer spatial three-dimensional layout in space, and the connection method between the multiple electrical connection components 100 can be series, parallel, etc., and can be extended outwardly through a variety of combinations. The electrical connection system 200 has the advantages of compact structure, high space utilization and more convenient use.

[0112] The electrical connection system 200 uses the electrical connection member 10 and the electrical connection assembly 100 described in any of the aforementioned embodiments, so that the electrical connection system 200 of the present invention is more compact and lighter.

[0113] The present invention provides a vehicle, including a vehicle body and an electrical connection system 200 according to any one of the aforementioned various embodiments, wherein the electrical connection system 200 is disposed in the vehicle body.

[0114] Optionally, the vehicle may be a new energy vehicle. The electrical connection system 200 is applied to the vehicle to improve the electric energy conversion efficiency and power density of the vehicle. At the same time, the electrical connection system 200 using the electrical connector 10 and the electrical connection assembly 100 of the present invention is more miniaturized, and the weight of the electrical connection system 200 is more lightweight, which can improve the electric energy conversion efficiency and power density of the vehicle, and is conducive to improving the performance of the vehicle. Specifically, the vehicle can travel more than 200,000 kilometers.

[0115] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below through specific embodiments.

[0116] The first alloy member 114 of Examples 1 to 5 is a copper alloy member, the second alloy member 115 is an aluminum alloy member, and the main body 11 is formed by stacking a layer of aluminum alloy members on another layer of copper alloy members. The outside of the main body 11 is sequentially wrapped with a base layer 14, a wear-resistant layer 15, an insulating layer 16, and a shielding layer 17. The main body 11 of the embodiment and the comparative example is a straight line, and the buffer portion 13 is arranged at the outermost side of the main body 11. The length of the main body 11 of the embodiment and the comparative example is the same, which is 100 mm.

[0117] Optionally, the conductivity of the main body 11 is б0, which satisfies: б0 ≥ 64% IACS. In the description of the present invention, the conductivity of the main body 11 is the ratio of the conductivity of the main body 11 to the standard conductivity of the pure copper material, expressed as % IACS. The standard conductivity of the present invention is 100% IACS. The standard conductivity is an annealed copper wire with a density of 8.89g / cm3, a length of 1m, a mass of 1g, and a resistance of 0.15328 ohms as a measurement standard. At 20 degrees Celsius, the resistivity of the above annealed copper wire is 1.7241μΩ·cm, (or a conductivity of 58.0MS / m) and is determined to be 100% IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard). Specifically, through a DC resistance tester, the terminal of the instrument is connected to the electrical connector 10 to be tested, the length and cross-sectional area of ​​the electrical connector 10 to be tested are input, and the instrument measurement value is read to obtain the conductivity of the main body 11.

[0118] λ is 0.5(mm -2 ).

[0119] Example 1

[0120] The width ω of the main body 11 of Example 1 is 25 mm, and the thickness δ0 of the main body 11 is 5 mm. It is calculated by the formula б0=б1*δ1 / (δ1+δ2)+б2*δ2 / (δ1+δ2), and verified by the aforementioned conductivity test method that the conductivity б0 of the main body 11 is 64% IACS, and the △V of Example 1 is calculated to be 10%.

[0121] The copper alloy contains 99.9% by mass of Cu+Ag, 0.001% by mass of Bi, 0.001% by mass of Sb, 0.001% by mass of As, and 0.02% by mass of Fe.

[0122] The aluminum alloy contains 99.59% by mass of Al, 0.1% by mass of Si, 0.1% by mass of Fe, 0.1% by mass of Mg, 0.001% by mass of Cu, and 0.003% by mass of Mn.

[0123] б / [δ0*б0*(2λ△V)]=100 / [5×64×(2×0.5×10%)]=3.125<25

[0124] The width ω of the main body portion 11 of Example 1 satisfies the relational expression.

[0125] Example 2

[0126] The width ω of the main body 11 of Example 2 is 25 mm, the thickness δ0 of the main body 11 is 4 mm, and the conductivity б0 of the main body 11 is calculated by formula and tested to be 70% IACS, and the △V of Example 2 is calculated to be 25%.

[0127] The copper alloy contains 99.9% by mass of Cu+Ag, 0.001% by mass of Bi, 0.001% by mass of Sb, and 0.01% by mass of Fe.

[0128] The aluminum alloy contains 99.19% by mass of Al, 0.25% by mass of Si, 0.2% by mass of Fe, 0.25% by mass of Mg, 0.001% by mass of Cu, and 0.006% by mass of Mn.

[0129] б / [δ0*б0*(2λ△V)]=100 / [4×70×(2×0.5×25%)]=1.43<25

[0130] The width ω of the main body portion 11 of Example 2 satisfies the relational expression.

[0131] Example 3

[0132] The width ω of the main body 11 of Example 3 is 20 mm, the thickness δ0 of the main body 11 is 6 mm, and the conductivity б0 of the main body 11 is calculated by formula and tested to be 68% IACS, and the △V of Example 3 is calculated to be 20%.

[0133] The copper alloy contains 99.9% by mass of Cu+Ag, 0.001% by mass of Bi, and 0.002% by mass of Sb.

[0134] The aluminum alloy contains 99.7% by mass of Al, 0.1% by mass of Si, 0.1% by mass of Fe, 0.001% by mass of Mg, 0.001% by mass of Cu, and 0.001% by mass of Mn.

[0135] б / [δ0*б0*(2λ△V)]=100 / [6×68×(2×0.5×20%)]=1.23<20

[0136] The width ω of the main body portion 11 of Example 3 satisfies the relational expression.

[0137] Example 4

[0138] The width ω of the main body 11 of Example 4 is 16 mm, the thickness δ0 of the main body 11 is 4 mm, and the conductivity б0 of the main body 11 is calculated by formula and tested to be 96% IACS, and the △V of Example 4 is calculated to be 90%.

[0139] The compositions of the copper alloy and the aluminum alloy are the same as those in Example 1.

[0140] б / [δ0*б0*(2λ△V)]=100 / [4×96×(2×0.5×90%)]=0.29<16

[0141] The width ω of the main body portion 11 of Example 4 satisfies the relational expression.

[0142] Example 5

[0143] The width ω of the main body 11 of Example 5 is 2 mm, the thickness δ0 of the main body 11 is 40 mm, and the conductivity б0 of the main body 11 is calculated by formula and tested to be 98% IACS, and the △V of Example 5 is calculated to be 95%.

[0144] The compositions of the copper alloy and the aluminum alloy are the same as those in Example 1.

[0145] б / [δ0*б0*(2λ△V)]=100 / [40×98×(2×0.5×95%)]=0.03<2

[0146] The width ω of the main body 11 of Example 5 satisfies the relational expression.

[0147] Comparative Example 1

[0148] The width ω of the main body 11 of Comparative Example 1 is 3 mm, and the other parameters are the same as those of Example 1.

[0149] The compositions of the copper alloy and the aluminum alloy are the same as those in Example 1.

[0150] б / [δ0*б0*(2λ△V)]=100 / [5×64×(2×0.5×10%)]=3.125>3

[0151] The width ω of the main body portion 11 of Comparative Example 1 does not satisfy the relational expression.

[0152] Comparative Example 2

[0153] The width ω of the main body 11 of Comparative Example 2 is 1.4 mm, and the other parameters are the same as those of Example 2.

[0154] The compositions of the copper alloy and the aluminum alloy are the same as those in Example 1.

[0155] б / [δ0*б0*(2λ△V)]=100 / [4×70×(2×0.5×25%)]=1.43>1.4

[0156] The width ω of the main body portion 11 of Comparative Example 2 does not satisfy the relational expression.

[0157] Comparative Example 3

[0158] The width ω of the main body 11 of Comparative Example 3 is 1.2 mm, and the other parameters are the same as those of Example 3.

[0159] The compositions of the copper alloy and the aluminum alloy are the same as those in Example 1.

[0160] б / [δ0*б0*(2λ△V)]=100 / [6×68×(2×0.5×20%)]=1.23>1.2

[0161] The width ω of the main body portion 11 of Comparative Example 3 does not satisfy the relational expression.

[0162] The relevant data of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 are shown in Table 1.

[0163] Testing method for maximum temperature T of the node: perform node temperature test on the electrical connector 10 of the embodiment and the comparative example, energize the electrical connector 10, pass the rated current through the electrical connector 10 for a fixed time, measure the temperature at the geometric center of the surface of the electrical connector 10 (the geometric center is the geometric center of the main body 11 without the buffer portion 13 on the outside), which is the maximum temperature T of the node. Specifically, the fixed time is 2h, and the rated current is DC250A.

[0164] The test results of the maximum temperature T of the junction of the electrical connector 10 are shown in Table 2.

[0165] Table 1

[0166]

[0167] Table 2

[0168] Group Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 T / ℃ 41.123 39.998 37.853 43.12 33.93 127.88 158.93 143.12

[0169] It can be seen from the maximum temperature T of the junction of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 in Table 2 that the maximum temperature T of the junction of the electrical connector 10 of Examples 1 to 5 that satisfy the relationship is significantly lower than the maximum temperature T of the junction of the electrical connector 10 of Comparative Examples 1 to 3, indicating that the electrical connector 10 that satisfies the relationship of the present invention has a low temperature under high current conditions, can meet the requirements of current carrying capacity and temperature rise, and has a good conductive effect. That is, the temperature rise of the electrical connector 10 of the present invention in actual vehicle-mounted conditions is less than or equal to 50°C, so it can withstand continuous currents of DC 250A and above.

[0170] It can be seen from Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, Example 2 and Comparative Example 2, and Example 3 and Comparative Example 3 that, when the thickness δ0 of the main body 11, the conductivity б0 of the main body 11, and △V are all the same, the maximum temperature T of the node of the electrical connector 10 whose width ω of the main body 11 satisfies the relationship of the present invention is significantly lower than the maximum temperature T of the node of the electrical connector 10 whose width ω of the main body 11 does not satisfy the relationship of the present invention.

[0171] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship of terms such as "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside" and "outside" are based on the orientation or positional relationship described in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0172] What is disclosed above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiment and equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present invention still fall within the scope covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrical connector, characterized in that: The invention comprises a main body, wherein the main body comprises a first alloy member and a second alloy member connected to each other, wherein the density of the first alloy member is ρ1, the density of the second alloy member is ρ2, and the following conditions are met: ρ1>ρ2; the thickness of the main body is δ0, the conductivity of the main body is б0, the width of the main body is ω, and the following conditions are met: ω>б / [δ0*б0*(2λ△V)], wherein λ is 0.5 mm -2 , б is the standard conductivity, △V=V1 / V, V1 is the volume of the first alloy part, and V is the volume of the main body.

2. The electrical connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the main body is δ0, the conductivity of the main body is б0, the thickness of the first alloy part is δ1, the conductivity of the first alloy part is б1, the thickness of the second alloy part is δ2, and the conductivity of the second alloy part is б2, satisfying: б0=б1*δ1 / (δ1+δ2)+б2*δ2 / (δ1+δ2), and б0≥64%IACS.

3. The electrical connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first alloy part is a copper alloy part, and the second alloy part is an aluminum alloy part. Preferably, the copper alloy part includes Cu and Ag, and preferably, also includes at least one of Bi, Sb, As, Fe, Pb and S; and / or, the aluminum alloy part includes Al, and preferably, also includes at least one of Si, Fe, Mg, Cu, Mn, B, Zn and Ti.

4. The electrical connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrical connector comprises a connection end, the connection end is connected to at least one end of the main body, and the connection end is provided with a fixing hole, and the fixing hole is suitable for connecting with an electrical device or an electrical connector.

5. The electrical connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrical connector further includes a buffer portion, which wraps at least a portion of the main body.

6. The electrical connector according to claim 5, characterized in that: The buffer portion includes a plurality of stacked portions stacked in sequence, and the stacked portions are sheet-shaped alloy components.

7. The electrical connector according to claim 5, characterized in that: The electrical connector also includes a primer layer and / or a wear-resistant layer and / or an insulating layer and / or a shielding layer, and the primer layer and / or the wear-resistant layer and / or the insulating layer and / or the shielding layer wrap the main body.

8. The electrical connector according to claim 5, characterized in that: The main body portion also includes a curved section.

9. An electrical connection assembly, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fixing part and an electrical connector according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the electrical connector is connected to the fixing part.

10. The electrical connection assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that: There are a plurality of electrical connectors, and the plurality of electrical connectors are arranged at intervals on the fixing member.

11. The electrical connection assembly according to claim 10, characterized in that: The plurality of electrical connectors are at least partially connected in series and / or at least partially connected in parallel.

12. The electrical connection assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that: The fixing member is provided with at least one positioning groove, and the electrical connecting member is at least partially received in the positioning groove.

13. The electrical connection assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that: The electrical connection assembly further includes an identification portion, which is disposed on an outer surface of the fixing member.

14. An electrical connection system, characterized in that: The invention comprises an electrical device and the electrical connection assembly according to any one of claims 9 to 13, wherein the electrical device is connected to the electrical connection piece.

15. A vehicle, characterized in that: The invention comprises a vehicle body and the electrical connection system as claimed in claim 14, wherein the electrical connection system is arranged in the vehicle body.

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