40.5 kV gas tank with tank structure and power switch equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a 40.5 kV gas tank with a tank type structure and power switch equipment. The gas box comprises a circuit breaker switch gas chamber and a three-position switch gas chamber which adopt tank structures and are connected through a sealing connecting plate, and the gas box contains corresponding parts and is reasonable in layout. The circuit breaker switch air chamber is provided with a circuit breaker shell, a circuit breaker switch inside the circuit breaker shell and the like, and the three-position switch air chamber is provided with a three-position shell, a grounding mechanism, a movable contact seat mechanism and the like and is further provided with a magnetofluid driving movable contact. The unique tank body structure enables the electric field to be uniformly distributed, enhances the insulating property, effectively prevents the gas tank from deforming, and ensures the matching precision of components. Meanwhile, independent operation of the air chamber is achieved, overhaul and maintenance are convenient, and power failure time and range are reduced. According to the invention, environment-friendly insulating gas is adopted, and innovative structural design is combined, so that the defects of traditional equipment in multiple aspects of environmental protection, structural strength, electric field distribution, maintenance convenience and the like are overcome, the overall performance and reliability of the equipment are improved, and the device is suitable for a 40.5 kV power system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of power switches, and in particular to a 40.5kV tank-type gas box and a power switch device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the modern power industry, the power system has increasingly stringent requirements on the performance, reliability and environmental protection of medium-voltage switchgear. In the field of power distribution and control at the 40.5kV voltage level, traditional switchgear and its gas box structure have gradually exposed a series of defects that are difficult to overcome.

[0003] Traditional switchgear mostly uses SF6 gas as insulation and arc extinguishing medium. Although SF6 has excellent insulation and arc extinguishing performance and can meet the operating requirements of high-voltage equipment to a certain extent, it is a strong greenhouse gas with extremely high global warming potential (GWP). Large-scale use will cause extremely serious damage to the ecological environment, which runs counter to the environmental protection concept advocated by the world. In response to this dilemma, the power industry is actively exploring environmentally friendly alternative gases, such as dry air, nitrogen, and a variety of mixed gases. However, the insulation performance of these alternative gases at a voltage level of 40.5kV is significantly inferior to that of SF6. If the traditional switchgear design concept is followed, the insulation requirements are achieved by simply increasing the electrical gap or enhancing the insulation thickness, which will inevitably lead to a significant expansion of the cabinet size of the switchgear. This will not only occupy more valuable space resources, increase the manufacturing cost and installation difficulty of the equipment, and reduce the space utilization rate of the power system, but also in some substations or distribution rooms with limited space, it will bring great inconvenience and challenges to the layout and maintenance of the equipment.

[0004] From the perspective of cabinet structure design, the traditional steel plate welded gas box structure has obvious shortcomings. When the inflation pressure in the gas box increases, the steel plate welding parts are prone to deformation. The deformation of the gas box will cause many chain problems, such as destroying the precision matching accuracy between the internal high-voltage components and the external operating mechanism and the shell, causing mechanical operation to jam and malfunction. In severe cases, it may even cause electrical connection failure and increase contact resistance, which in turn causes serious faults such as heating and discharge, greatly reducing the overall performance and service life of the equipment, and increasing the operating risk and maintenance cost of the power system.

[0005] There are also many unreasonable aspects in the traditional design of the layout and connection of high-voltage switches and related components. The layout between switch components often lacks systematic planning, which easily leads to uneven electric field distribution and excessive local electric field strength, which undoubtedly greatly increases the probability of insulation breakdown and discharge, and seriously threatens the safe and stable operation of the equipment. At the same time, in the equipment overhaul and maintenance link, the traditional design makes it difficult to achieve effective independent operation of the gas chamber. Once a component needs to be overhauled, the entire equipment often has to be shut down, which not only seriously affects the power supply continuity of the power system, but also during the overhaul process, due to the lack of reliable isolation measures between gas chambers, it is easy to increase safety risks. At the same time, it also consumes a lot of manpower, material resources and time costs, reducing the operation and maintenance efficiency of the power system.

[0006] In summary, in order to meet the urgent needs of power system development for environmental protection, high performance, high reliability and high economy, it is imperative to develop an innovative 40.5kV tank-type gas box and power switchgear. By overcoming the above technical difficulties, it is expected to significantly promote the advancement of medium-voltage power equipment technology, comprehensively improve the operation quality and efficiency of the power system, and lay a solid foundation for the sustainable development of the power industry. Summary of the invention

[0007] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0008] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a 40.5kV tank-type gas box and power switchgear, which solves the problems existing in the prior art, adopts environmentally friendly insulating gas to replace traditional SF6 gas, and optimizes the tank structure and internal layout to avoid excessive increase in cabinet size while meeting insulation requirements. The design of the tank structure is precisely calculated and simulated, so that the internal electric field distribution is more reasonable and the dependence on excessive electrical clearance is reduced. The unique tank structure is designed as the outer shell of the circuit breaker switch air chamber and the three-position switch air chamber. This tank structure has high strength and good air tightness, can effectively withstand the internal inflation pressure, and avoid deformation of the gas box. The moving contact seat is arranged longitudinally inside the three-position switch air chamber, which changes the traditional layout mode, makes the electric field distribution more reasonable, reduces the risk of excessive local electric field strength, and effectively reduces the occurrence of insulation breakdown and discharge. At the same time, through the design of the tank shape structure, the electric field lines are guided to distribute along the predetermined path, avoiding the electric field from being concentrated on the weak insulation point, further improving the insulation performance and operation stability of the equipment. The tank structure is used to achieve the relatively independent operation of the circuit breaker switch chamber and the three-position switch chamber. The two chambers are connected by a sealed connecting plate, and are equipped with disc insulators and other components for electrical isolation and support. During maintenance, operations can be performed on different chambers separately without shutting down the entire equipment, greatly improving the power supply continuity of the power system.

[0009] (II) Technical solution

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a 40.5kV tank-type gas box and power switch equipment, comprising a cabinet and a gas box, characterized in that the gas box comprises a circuit breaker switch gas chamber, a three-position switch gas chamber is arranged at the upper end of the circuit breaker switch gas chamber, a sealing connecting plate is sealed between the circuit breaker switch gas chamber and the three-position switch gas chamber, and an isolating switch driving mechanism is arranged on the left side of the circuit breaker switch gas chamber.

[0011] Preferably, the circuit breaker switch air chamber includes a circuit breaker housing, a circuit breaker switch is provided in the left cavity of the circuit breaker housing, a conductive rod is connected to the upper end of the circuit breaker switch, a cable connection mechanism is sealed in the lower cavity of the circuit breaker housing, and a lightning arrester mechanism is provided in the right cavity of the circuit breaker housing.

[0012] Preferably, the three-position switch air chamber includes a three-position shell, a grounding mechanism is fixed to the left part of the inner cavity of the three-position shell, a moving contact seat is arranged in the middle part of the inner cavity of the three-position shell, three groups of magnetic fluids are arranged on the left side of the three-position shell, moving contacts are fixed to the ends of the magnetic fluids, and a busbar insulation mechanism is arranged in the right cavity of the three-position shell.

[0013] Preferably, three groups of disc insulators are provided at the upper and lower ends of the sealing connection plate.

[0014] Preferably, the moving contact seat is longitudinally arranged inside the three-position switch air chamber.

[0015] Preferably, the circuit breaker switch comprises a cover plate, the circuit breaker mechanism is fixed to the left side of the cover plate, and three groups of poles are transversely fixed to the right side of the cover plate.

[0016] Preferably, the poles are arranged inside the circuit breaker housing and are evenly distributed, and the poles are arranged transversely relative to the circuit breaker housing.

[0017] Preferably, the cable connection mechanism comprises a plurality of inner cones distributed in a circular shape, an outlet conductive rod is fixed to the upper end of the inner cone, and the outlet conductive rod is connected to the pole.

[0018] Preferably, the arrester mechanism includes three groups of busbar insulators, the left interface of the busbar insulator is connected to the arrester row, and the arrester row is connected to the outgoing line conductive rod.

[0019] Preferably, the grounding mechanism comprises a grounding pillar, a grounding copper plate is fixed on the right side of the grounding pillar, the grounding copper plate is arranged in a triangular shape, and three groups of grounding contact seats are arranged on the right side of the grounding copper plate.

[0020] Preferably, the magnetic fluid is distributed in a triangular shape, and the magnetic fluid includes a tooth portion and a screw portion, the tooth portion is transmission-connected to the isolating switch drive mechanism, and the screw portion is fixedly connected to the moving contact.

[0021] Preferably, the conductive rod and the movable contact seat are connected via a disc insulator.

[0022] Preferably, the busbar insulation mechanism comprises three groups of busbar insulators and insulating struts, a transition conductor is sleeved on the left end of the busbar insulator, an isolating contact seat is provided at the end of the transition conductor, and the isolating contact seat is coaxial with the moving contact seat.

[0023] Preferably, a pressure gauge mechanism is provided on the side of the gas box, and the pressure gauge mechanism is connected to the circuit breaker switch gas chamber and the three-position switch gas chamber.

[0024] Furthermore, the circuit breaker switch chamber and the three-position switch chamber are tank structures with a connecting chamber inside. The connecting chamber is adapted to the internal electrode layout to accurately guide the electric field distribution to follow a preset path. Through its specific size and structure design, it is used to effectively shape the direction of the electric field lines. During the propagation of the electric field, especially when the electric field lines pass through key insulation areas, the electric field strength can be evenly dispersed, effectively avoiding excessive concentration of the electric field in weak insulation links, thereby greatly improving the insulation performance and operational reliability of the entire chamber structure, ensuring that the equipment can operate stably, safely and efficiently under high voltage conditions.

[0025] (III) Beneficial effects

[0026] The 40.5kV tank-type structure gas box and power switchgear of the present invention bring about significant beneficial effects in many aspects. In terms of environmental protection and space utilization, environmentally friendly alternative gases are used and the electric field distribution is optimized through the tank structure, overcoming the traditional problem of increased cabinet size due to decreased insulation performance, reducing space occupancy and manufacturing costs, and meeting environmental protection needs. In terms of structural stability, the tank structure has high strength and good air tightness, can withstand inflation pressure, prevent deformation, ensure the matching accuracy of internal components, ensure smooth mechanical operation and reliable electrical connection, and extend the life of the equipment. In terms of electric field distribution, the internal components are carefully arranged and the shape and size of the tank are adjusted, and the partitions and shielding covers are set to make the electric field uniform, reduce the risk of insulation breakdown, and improve operational stability. In terms of the convenience of inspection and maintenance, the independent tank gas chamber can be operated separately, reducing the scope and time of power outages, reducing safety risks, and improving power supply continuity and operation and maintenance efficiency. In terms of driving and connecting mechanisms, the magnetofluid transmission accurately controls the moving contacts and seals to prevent leakage. The innovative design of the busbar and grounding mechanisms optimizes performance, enhances insulation and safety, and greatly improves the overall comprehensive performance of power switchgear in 40.5kV voltage level applications. It provides strong support for the reliable operation of the power system and has broad application prospects and important industry promotion significance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the whole of a 40.5kV tank-type gas box and a power switchgear of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a 40.5kV tank-type gas box and a gas box in a power switchgear according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a 40.5kV tank-type gas box and a circuit breaker switch gas chamber in a power switch device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a 40.5kV tank-type gas box and a circuit breaker switch gas chamber in a power switch device of the present invention after removing the circuit breaker housing;

[0031] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a 40.5kV tank-type gas box and a circuit breaker switch in a power switch device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a cable connection mechanism in a 40.5kV tank-type gas box and a power switchgear of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a three-position switch air chamber in a 40.5kV tank-type gas box and power switchgear of the present invention without a three-position housing;

[0034] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a grounding mechanism and magnetic fluid in a 40.5kV tank-type gas box and power switchgear of the present invention;

[0035] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of a magnetic fluid in a 40.5kV tank-type gas box and a power switchgear of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of a busbar insulation mechanism in a 40.5kV tank-type gas box and a power switchgear of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of a sealing connection plate in a 40.5kV tank-type gas box and a power switchgear of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of a 40.5kV tank-type gas box and a power switch device of the present invention with the gas box without the shell.

[0039] In the figure: 1-cabinet, 2-gas box, 21-circuit breaker switch air chamber, 22-three-position switch air chamber, 23-sealed connecting plate, 24-isolating switch driving mechanism, 25-pressure gauge mechanism, 211-circuit breaker housing, 212-circuit breaker switch, 213-conductive rod, 214-cable connecting mechanism, 215-lightning arrester mechanism, 221-three-position housing, 222-grounding mechanism, 223-moving contact seat, 224-magnetic fluid, 225-moving contact, 226- Busbar insulation mechanism, 231-disc insulator, 2121-sealing plate, 2122-circuit breaker mechanism, 2123-pole, 2141-inner cone, 2142-outgoing conductive rod, 2151-busbar insulator, 2152-lightning arrester row, 2221-grounding pillar, 2222-grounding copper plate, 2223-grounding contact seat, 2241-tooth portion, 2242-screw portion, 2171-insulating pillar, 2172-transition conductor, 2173-isolating contact seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will be combined with the attached examples of the present invention Figure 1-Figure 11 A clear and complete description is given to the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] The present invention provides a technical solution: a 40.5kV tank-type gas box and power switch equipment, including a cabinet 1 and a gas box 2, the gas box 2 includes a circuit breaker switch air chamber 21, a three-position switch air chamber 22 is arranged at the upper end of the circuit breaker switch air chamber 21, a sealing connection plate 23 is sealed between the circuit breaker switch air chamber 21 and the three-position switch air chamber 22, and an isolating switch driving mechanism 24 is arranged on the left side of the circuit breaker switch air chamber 21; wherein the cabinet 1 serves as the external support frame and installation platform of the entire equipment, protects the internal components from the external environment (such as dust, moisture, electromagnetic interference, etc.), and provides mechanical support. The gas box 2 is the core component of the equipment, and functional modules such as the circuit breaker switch air chamber and the three-position switch air chamber are encapsulated inside, providing a sealed, insulated and pressure-resistant working environment for high-voltage components. The circuit breaker switch air chamber 21 is the working area of ​​the circuit breaker assembly, and contains a circuit breaker switch, a conductive rod, a cable connection mechanism, etc., which is mainly used to realize the circuit breaking function. The three-position switch chamber 22 provides the switching function of the three positions of on, off and grounding, ensuring the safe operation of the equipment during maintenance or operation. The sealing connecting plate 23 connects the circuit breaker switch chamber and the three-position switch chamber, and plays the dual role of sealing and insulation. The isolating switch driving mechanism 24 is used to drive and operate the opening and closing action of the isolating switch to ensure the reliable operation of the isolation function in the circuit.

[0042] The circuit breaker switch chamber 21 and the three-position switch chamber 22 are tank structures with a connecting chamber inside. The connecting chamber is adapted to the internal electrode layout to accurately guide the electric field distribution to follow a preset path. Through its specific size and structure design, it is used to effectively shape the direction of the electric field lines. During the electric field propagation process, especially when the electric field lines pass through the key insulation area, the electric field strength can be evenly dispersed, effectively avoiding excessive concentration of the electric field in the weak insulation links, thereby greatly improving the insulation performance and operational reliability of the entire chamber structure, ensuring that the equipment can operate stably, safely and efficiently under high voltage conditions.

[0043] The circuit breaker switch air chamber 21 includes a circuit breaker housing 211, a circuit breaker switch 212 is arranged in the left cavity of the circuit breaker housing 211, a conductive rod 213 is connected to the upper end of the circuit breaker switch 212, a cable connection mechanism 214 is sealed and connected to the lower cavity of the circuit breaker housing 211, and a lightning arrester mechanism 215 is arranged in the right cavity of the circuit breaker housing 211; wherein the circuit breaker housing 211 is used as the main structure of the circuit breaker switch air chamber to accommodate and protect the internal core functional components, including the circuit breaker switch, the conductive rod, the cable connection mechanism and the lightning arrester mechanism. Provide good gas sealing and electrical insulation performance, and have sufficient mechanical strength to withstand the impact of internal high voltage and arc. The circuit breaker switch 212 performs the circuit separation and connection operation, cutting off or connecting the current flowing in the circuit. When the circuit is overloaded or short-circuited, the current is quickly disconnected to protect other equipment in the power system. The conductive rod 213 transmits the current output by the circuit breaker switch to the three-position switch air chamber. The cable connection mechanism 214 is used to connect cables. The lightning arrester mechanism 215 provides overvoltage protection for the equipment to prevent lightning strikes or other transient overvoltages from damaging the power equipment. The lightning arrester is connected to other components through bus insulators, limits transient overvoltages to a safe range, and discharges excess current to the ground.

[0044] The circuit breaker switch 212 includes a cover plate 2121, a circuit breaker mechanism 2122 is fixed on the left side of the cover plate 2121, and three groups of poles 2123 are fixed horizontally on the right side of the cover plate 2121. The poles 2123 are arranged inside the circuit breaker housing 211 and are evenly distributed. The poles 2123 are arranged horizontally relative to the circuit breaker housing 211. As a part of the circuit breaker switch 212, the cover plate 2121 plays a role of separation and sealing, which is convenient for operators to operate the mechanism and maintain the mechanism. At the same time, the poles are placed in a sealed space to ensure that they are not affected by the external environment and maintain good insulation performance. The circuit breaker mechanism 2122 is the control and operation core part of the circuit breaker switch 212. It is responsible for receiving external operation signals and converting them into mechanical actions, driving the contacts on the poles 2123 to realize the closing and opening operations of the circuit breaker switch 212. For example, when the operator issues a closing command through manual operation or remote control, the circuit breaker mechanism 2122 will start the corresponding mechanical transmission device to close the contacts on the pole 2123, thereby connecting the circuit; when an opening command is issued, the circuit breaker mechanism 2122 drives the contacts to separate and cut off the circuit.

[0045] As an important electrical connection component between the circuit breaker switch 212 and other electrical components, the pole 2123 undertakes the key task of conducting current. It converts the opening and closing action generated by the circuit breaker mechanism 2122 into the on-off of the electrical connection, realizing the transmission of current between the circuit breaker switch 212 and the external circuit. The horizontally arranged and evenly distributed poles 2123 help to form a relatively uniform electric field environment in the circuit breaker housing 211, optimize the electric field distribution, and ensure the safe and reliable operation of the equipment under high voltage.

[0046] The cable connection mechanism 214 includes a plurality of inner cones 2141 distributed in a circular shape, and an outlet conductive rod 2142 is fixed to the upper end of the inner cone 2141, and the outlet conductive rod 2142 is connected to the pole 2123. The inner cone 2141 plays an important role in electrical connection and transition in the cable connection mechanism 214. Its special inner cone shape design can provide good electrical contact performance, ensure that the current can be transmitted efficiently and stably, reduce contact resistance, reduce energy loss and heat generation, thereby improving the operating efficiency and reliability of the power system. The outlet conductive rod 2142 serves as a transmission channel for current and has good conductivity to ensure that large current can pass through with low loss and high efficiency, reducing the loss of electric energy during transmission.

[0047] The arrester mechanism 215 includes three groups of busbar insulators 2151, and the left interface of the busbar insulator 2151 is connected to the arrester row 2152, and the arrester row 2152 is connected to the outgoing conductive rod 2142. The busbar insulator 2151 is an insulating component in the arrester mechanism 215, and its main function is to isolate the arrester row 2152 from the surrounding metal parts and other parts with different potentials, prevent the current from leaking through unexpected paths, and ensure that the current only flows between the arrester row 2152 and the outgoing conductive rod 2142 according to the predetermined electrical circuit. The arrester row 2152 shunts the instantaneous large current caused by overvoltage through nonlinear resistance characteristics, thereby protecting the equipment from damage by lightning shock waves and operating overvoltage. The reliable electrical connection between the outgoing conductive rod 2142 and the arrester row 2152 is the basis for the arrester mechanism 215 to play an overvoltage protection role. Only by ensuring that the electrical connection between the two is good can the current be smoothly transmitted between the two during normal operation and overvoltage conditions, so that the lightning arrester row 2152 can timely monitor the voltage changes on the outgoing conductive rod 2142 and act quickly in the event of overvoltage.

[0048] The three-position switch air chamber 22 includes a three-position housing 221, a grounding mechanism 222 is fixed to the left part of the inner cavity of the three-position housing 221, a moving contact seat 223 is arranged in the middle part of the inner cavity of the three-position housing 221, three groups of magnetic fluids 224 are arranged on the left side of the three-position housing 221, and moving contacts 225 are fixed to the ends of the magnetic fluids 224. The right cavity of the three-position housing 221 is provided with a busbar insulation mechanism 226; the three-position housing 221 serves as the main frame of the three-position switch air chamber, accommodating components such as the grounding mechanism, the moving contact seat, and the magnetic fluid, and providing them with reliable mechanical support and a sealed isolation environment. An independent air chamber structure is formed to ensure electrical insulation and operational safety between the components. The material is made of high-strength metal or insulating alloy, which has good air tightness and corrosion resistance and is suitable for high-voltage environments. The grounding mechanism 222 realizes the safe operation of the equipment in the "grounded state" and quickly conducts current to the ground through the grounding pillar and the grounding copper plate.

[0049] The moving contact seat 223 is located in the middle of the inner cavity of the three-position housing 221, and is an important hub for realizing electrical connection and switching in the three-position switch. It cooperates with the moving contact 225, and realizes electrical connection with different positions through the movement of the moving contact 225, thereby completing the switching of the three working states of closing, opening and grounding. When in the closing position, the moving contact seat 223 is in close contact with the corresponding conductive parts, so that the circuit is turned on and the electric energy can be transmitted; when in the opening position, the moving contact seat 223 is separated from the conductive parts to realize electrical isolation; when in the grounding position, the moving contact seat 223 is connected to the grounding mechanism 222 to ensure the safety of the equipment grounding.

[0050] The moving contact seat 223 is arranged longitudinally to optimize the use of space and improve the mechanical strength and electrical performance of the contact; it cooperates with the magnetic fluid and the moving contact to improve the switching speed and reliability of the switch. The magnetic fluid 224 provides the driving power for the moving contact and realizes the precise movement of the moving contact through the change of the electromagnetic field. The moving contact 225 is a key component for current switching. When the moving contact switches between different states, it realizes the connection, disconnection or grounding of the circuit. It is connected to the bus or load in the "closed" state; it is isolated from other contacts in the "open" or "grounded" state. The busbar insulation mechanism 226 provides insulation support for the busbar, isolates the busbar from the moving contact seat and other conductive parts, and prevents short circuit or leakage. At the same time, as an electrical connection point, it ensures the safety of electrical transmission between the busbar and the moving contact.

[0051] The grounding mechanism 222 includes a grounding pillar 2221, a grounding copper plate 2222 is fixed to the right side of the grounding pillar 2221, the grounding copper plate 2222 is arranged in a triangular shape, and three groups of grounding contact seats 2223 are arranged on the right side of the grounding copper plate 2222. The grounding pillar 2221 plays a key mechanical support role in the grounding mechanism 222. It provides a stable support for the grounding copper plate 2222 and the subsequent grounding contact seat 2223, ensuring that the positions of these components in the three-station housing 221 are stable and accurate. Among them, the grounding copper plate 2222, as a conducting component of the grounding current, is responsible for shunting and transmitting the current conducted through the grounding pillar to the grounding contact seat; providing a low-resistance path to ensure efficient grounding current transmission and avoid local heating or equipment damage caused by excessive resistance. The triangular design not only enhances the mechanical strength, but also evenly disperses the current to avoid local overheating caused by concentrated current; the surface treatment uses an anti-oxidation coating to improve corrosion resistance and adapt to complex electrical environments. During the grounding operation, since it carries the grounding current, the surrounding electric field distribution will change accordingly. The triangular shape and layout help guide the direction of the electric field lines, making their distribution more reasonable, and avoiding abnormal concentration or distortion of the electric field at the grounding position, thereby ensuring the electrical insulation performance around the grounding mechanism 222 to a certain extent, assisting the stability of the electric field in the entire three-position switch air chamber 22, and improving the overall operating reliability of the equipment. The grounding contact seat 2223 is a key part of the grounding mechanism 222 that is directly electrically connected to the moving contact 225 (during the grounding operation) and other related components. When the three-position switch is in the grounding state, the moving contact 225 will be in close contact with the grounding contact seat 2223 to form a reliable electrical path, so that the part of the equipment that needs to be grounded is connected to the earth through the grounding contact seat 2223, the grounding copper plate 2222, the grounding pillar 2221 and other conductive paths, completing the grounding operation, thereby ensuring the safety of equipment and personnel, and preventing safety hazards such as electric shock caused by accidental electrification of the equipment.

[0052] The busbar insulation mechanism 227 includes three groups of busbar insulators 2151 and insulating pillars 2171. The left end of the busbar insulator 2151 is sleeved with a transition conductor 2172. The end of the transition conductor 2172 is provided with an isolation contact seat 2173, and the isolation contact seat 2173 is coaxial with the moving contact seat 223. The function of the busbar insulator 2151 is to provide reliable electrical insulation. The insulating pillar 2171 plays a role in auxiliary insulation and enhancing structural stability in the busbar insulation mechanism 227. It works together with the busbar insulator 2151 to further improve the insulation performance between the busbar and other components, improve the entire insulation barrier, and ensure that the electrical isolation between the busbar and the surrounding is more reliable in a high voltage environment. The main function of the transition conductor 2172 is to realize the conduction of current and to play a transitional connection function between different electrical components. One end of it is sleeved on the left end of the busbar insulator 2151, and is electrically connected to the busbar, and can receive current from the busbar; the other end is provided with an isolation contact seat 2173, which can cooperate with the moving contact seat 223 and the like to transfer the current to the subsequent electrical circuit. As a key component in the busbar insulation mechanism 227, the isolation contact seat 2173 is mainly used to realize the electrical connection and isolation functions. When the circuit needs to be turned on, the isolation contact seat 2173 can be in close contact with the corresponding moving contact seat 223 to form a low-resistance electrical path, so that the current can pass smoothly and realize the transmission of electric energy. In the case where electrical isolation is required (such as equipment maintenance, fault handling, etc.), the isolation contact seat 2173 is separated from the moving contact seat 223, effectively blocking the current, preventing the current from passing when it should not be turned on, ensuring the safety of equipment and personnel, and providing a safe electrical environment for equipment maintenance, troubleshooting and other operations.

[0053] The three groups of magnetic fluids 224 are distributed in a triangular shape. The magnetic fluids 224 include a tooth portion 2241 and a screw portion 2242. The tooth portion 2241 is connected to the isolating switch drive mechanism 24 by transmission, and the screw portion 2242 is fixedly connected to the moving contact 225. The three groups of magnetic fluids 224 are distributed in a triangular shape. From the perspective of electric field distribution, the triangularly distributed magnetic fluids 224 cooperate with the moving contact 225, the three-position housing 221 and other components, which helps to optimize the electric field distribution in the air chamber. Reasonable layout can make the electric field lines more evenly distributed around the moving contact 225 and in the entire three-position switch air chamber 22, avoid excessive concentration of the electric field in certain areas, reduce the risk of insulation breakdown and discharge, and further improve the overall insulation performance and operation safety of the equipment. The tooth portion 2241 is the part where the magnetic fluid 224 is connected to the isolating switch drive mechanism 24 by transmission. The driving force generated by the isolating switch drive mechanism 24 is transmitted to the magnetic fluid 224 through the tooth portion 2241, thereby driving the moving contact 225 to perform corresponding actions. The function of the screw portion 2242 is to be fixedly connected with the moving contact 225 , so as to tightly combine the magnetic fluid 224 and the moving contact 225 into a whole, and ensure that the relative position between the two is stable.

[0054] The conductive rod 213 and the moving contact seat 223 are connected by a disc insulator 231, which is a symmetrically arranged disc-shaped structure. One of the core functions of the disc insulator 231 is to provide reliable electrical insulation. In a high voltage environment of 40.5kV, the conductive rod 213 is usually in a charged state, and the moving contact seat 223 is also involved in the on-off of the circuit and the switching of different working states, and there is a potential difference between the two. The disc insulator 231 can effectively block the current by virtue of its high resistivity, good dielectric properties and suitable insulation structure, and prevent the current from being conducted between the conductive rod 213 and the moving contact seat 223 through an unexpected path, avoiding short circuit faults, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the power system and the safety of equipment and personnel. The disc insulator 231 is symmetrically disc-shaped, and its shape can guide the electric field lines to be more evenly distributed in the connection area between the conductive rod 213 and the moving contact seat 223, avoiding excessive concentration of the electric field in certain local areas, reducing the risk of insulation breakdown and discharge caused by excessive electric field strength, and thereby improving the insulation performance and operating stability of the entire gas box and power switch equipment in a high voltage environment.

[0055] The working principle is divided into the following stages:

[0056] 1. Normal operation status

[0057] Insulation and arc extinguishing medium: The equipment is filled with environmentally friendly insulating gas (such as dry air, nitrogen or mixed gas) to provide insulation performance and arc extinguishing ability. The circuit breaker switch chamber 21 and the three-position switch chamber 22 are connected through a sealed connecting plate 23 to form an airtight working environment. The internal chamber is reasonably designed with electric field distribution to ensure that partial discharge is reduced under high voltage, improve insulation capacity and extend equipment life.

[0058] Current flow path: The current flows into the device through the inner cone 2141 connected to the cable. Enter the circuit breaker switch 212 and flow to the conductive rod 213 through its internal conductive parts. The current reaches the moving contact seat 223 in the three-position switch 22 through the conductive rod 213, and is further transmitted to the moving contact 226. Finally, the current is transmitted to other connected devices or circuits through the moving contact 226. Through the operating position of the three-position switch, the moving contact 226 maintains contact with the moving contact seat 223 to ensure smooth current transmission and low resistance loss. All conductive parts are designed to withstand high voltage and have excellent conductivity. In this process, the tank structure of the gas box provides stable mechanical support and a good insulation environment for the internal components. The electric field inside the tank is optimized through the carefully designed shape, connecting chambers, partitions, shielding covers and other components, showing a uniform distribution, thereby ensuring the reliability and stability of the electrical connection.

[0059] 2. Working principle of circuit breaker switch

[0060] When the current is within the normal range, the moving and static contacts of the circuit breaker remain closed, allowing the current to pass normally. When the current exceeds the rated value or a short circuit occurs, the circuit breaker will quickly trigger the protection mechanism. After the protection mechanism is activated, the drive mechanism of the circuit breaker quickly separates the moving and static contacts, cutting off the current path to prevent equipment overload or damage.

[0061] 3. Closing and opening operation of the isolating switch

[0062] Isolating switches are used to isolate power supplies to ensure the safety of circuit maintenance or equipment replacement.

[0063] 1. Isolation and closing process: When the circuit needs to be closed, the operator issues a closing command, and the control system drives the isolating switch module to work. After receiving the signal, the isolating switch driving mechanism 24 drives the internal magnetic fluid mechanism 224 to transmit the driving force to the moving contact 225, and the moving contact 225 moves from the initial position to the isolation contact seat 2173 on the busbar insulation mechanism to complete the contact. After the isolating switch is closed, the current is transmitted to other equipment through the busbar insulation mechanism 227, and the circuit resumes normal operation.

[0064] 2. Isolation and opening process: When a part of the circuit needs to be isolated or repaired, the isolating switch drive mechanism starts to operate after receiving the opening signal. The drive mechanism drives the moving contact 225 to leave the isolation contact seat 2173 through the magnetic fluid 224, disconnecting the electrical connection with the busbar insulation mechanism. After the moving contact is completely separated from the isolation contact seat, the circuit path is interrupted, and the isolated part of the circuit is separated from the main power supply, ensuring the safety of the maintenance operation.

[0065] 4. Grounding operation

[0066] When the equipment needs to be grounded, the isolating switch driving mechanism 24 drives the moving contact 225 to move to a position in contact with the grounding contact seat 2223. At this time, the equipment forms a reliable electrical connection with the earth through the grounding copper plate 2222, the grounding pillar 2221 and other grounding components, and introduces the residual charge or fault current of the equipment into the earth, providing effective grounding protection for the equipment, preventing the equipment from being accidentally charged, and ensuring the safety of the equipment and the surrounding environment.

[0067] 5. Overvoltage protection: During the operation of the power system, when lightning overvoltage, operating overvoltage or other transient overvoltage occurs, the lightning arrester row 2152 guides the overvoltage into the lightning arrester device through the bus insulator 2151, thereby limiting the amplitude of the overvoltage and protecting the insulation of the connected equipment (such as circuit breaker switches, other electrical equipment, etc.) from damage.

[0068] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A 40.5 kV tank-type gas box and power switchgear, comprising a cabinet (1) and a gas box (2), characterized in that: The gas box (2) comprises a circuit breaker switch gas chamber (21), a three-position switch gas chamber (22) is arranged at the upper end of the circuit breaker switch gas chamber (21), a sealing connection plate (23) is fixed between the circuit breaker switch gas chamber (21) and the three-position switch gas chamber (22), and an isolating switch driving mechanism (24) is arranged on the left side of the circuit breaker switch gas chamber (21); The circuit breaker switch air chamber (21) comprises a circuit breaker housing (211), a circuit breaker switch (212) is arranged in a left cavity of the circuit breaker housing (211), a conductive rod (213) is connected to the upper end of the circuit breaker switch (212), a cable connection mechanism (214) is sealedly connected to the lower cavity of the circuit breaker housing (211), and a lightning arrester mechanism (215) is arranged in the right cavity of the circuit breaker housing (211); The three-position switch air chamber (22) comprises a three-position shell (221); a grounding mechanism (222) is fixed to the left part of the inner cavity of the three-position shell (221); a moving contact seat (223) is arranged in the middle part of the inner cavity of the three-position shell (221); three groups of magnetic fluids (224) are arranged on the left side of the three-position shell (221); a moving contact (225) is fixed to the end of the magnetic fluid (224); and a busbar insulation mechanism (226) is arranged in the right cavity of the three-position shell (221); The circuit breaker switch air chamber (21) and the three-position switch air chamber (22) are tank structures, with a communicating chamber constructed inside; Three groups of disc insulators (231) are arranged at the upper and lower ends of the sealing connection plate (23), and the disc insulators (231) are symmetrically arranged disc-shaped structures; The movable contact seat (223) is longitudinally arranged inside the three-position switch air chamber (22).

2. A 40.5kV tank-type gas box and power switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit breaker switch (212) comprises a cover plate (2121), a circuit breaker mechanism (2122) is fixed on the left side of the cover plate (2121), and three groups of poles (2123) are transversely fixed on the right side of the cover plate (2121).

3. A 40.5kV tank-type gas box and power switchgear according to claim 2, characterized in that: The poles (2123) are arranged inside the circuit breaker housing (211) and are evenly distributed, and the poles (2123) are arranged transversely relative to the circuit breaker housing (211).

4. A 40.5kV tank-type gas box and power switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cable connection mechanism (214) comprises a plurality of inner cones (2141) distributed in a circular shape, an outlet conductive rod (2142) is fixed to the upper end of the inner cone (2141), and the outlet conductive rod (2142) is connected to the pole (2123).

5. A 40.5kV tank-type gas box and power switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lightning arrester mechanism (215) comprises three groups of busbar insulators (2151), the left interface of the busbar insulator (2151) is connected to a lightning arrester row (2152), and the lightning arrester row (2152) is connected to an outgoing line conductive rod (2141).

6. A 40.5kV tank-type gas box and power switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grounding mechanism (222) comprises a grounding pillar (2221), a grounding copper plate (2222) is fixed on the right side of the grounding pillar (2221), the grounding copper plate (2222) is arranged in a triangular shape, and three groups of grounding contact seats (2223) are arranged on the right side of the grounding copper plate (2222).

7. A 40.5kV tank-type gas box and power switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic fluid (224) is distributed in a triangular shape, and comprises a tooth portion (2241) and a screw portion (2242), wherein the tooth portion (2241) is drivingly connected to the isolating switch drive mechanism (24), and the screw portion (2242) is fixedly connected to the moving contact (225).

8. A 40.5kV tank-type gas box and power switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive rod (213) and the movable contact seat (223) are connected via a disc insulator (231).

9. A 40.5kV tank-type gas box and power switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The busbar insulation mechanism (227) comprises three groups of busbar insulators (2151) and insulating pillars (2171); a transition conductor (2172) is sleeved on the left end of the busbar insulator (2151); an isolation contact seat (2173) is provided at the end of the transition conductor (2172); and the isolation contact seat (2173) is coaxial with the moving contact seat (223).

10. A 40.5kV tank-type gas box and power switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure gauge mechanism (25) is provided on the side of the gas box (2), and the pressure gauge mechanism (25) is connected to the circuit breaker switch gas chamber (21) and the three-position switch gas chamber (22).

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