Marine renewable energy electric power-based hydrogen ammonia preparation zero-carbon comprehensive energy application system

Abstract

The invention provides an offshore renewable energy power-based hydrogen-ammonia preparation zero-carbon comprehensive energy application system, which specifically comprises a renewable energy power module, an offshore energy platform module and a hydrogen-ammonia application module, and comprises an offshore photovoltaic module, an offshore wind power module and an ocean tidal energy module of the renewable energy power module; the offshore energy platform module comprises an intelligent control module, an air separation device, a water electrolysis hydrogen production device, an ammonia synthesis device, a buffer storage device and a hydrogen ammonia power generation device; the hydrogen-ammonia application module comprises a marine transportation system and a hydrogen-ammonia energy comprehensive application system, and the hydrogen-ammonia energy comprehensive application system comprises a hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station, an ammonia filling station and distributed power generation equipment. The power generated by the renewable energy power module is applied to the offshore energy platform module for hydrogen production and ammonia synthesis, and then the power is conveyed to the onshore hydrogen ammonia application module for application, so that the application of zero-carbon comprehensive green energy is really realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of offshore energy application technology, and in particular to a zero-carbon integrated energy application system for preparing hydrogen and ammonia based on offshore renewable energy electricity. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, due to environmental issues and the increase in electricity demand, the proportion of new energy represented by wind power and photovoltaics in my country's power system has continued to increase, which has brought about problems such as power fluctuations and wind and solar power abandonment. Hydrogen, as a storage carrier with high energy density, has shown great potential in absorbing excess new energy electricity. Therefore, with the development of hydrogen energy technology, on-site hydrogen production from new energy has gradually become the preferred solution.

[0003] The Chinese patent with the publication number CN116221028A in the prior art discloses a zero-carbon integrated energy system for ammonia-hydrogen conversion based on offshore wind power, including an offshore wind-solar power generation system, an offshore ammonia-hydrogen energy production system, an offshore transportation system, an onshore centralized energy storage and distribution system, and an onshore comprehensive utilization system connected in sequence; the offshore wind-solar power generation system is used for power generation, and the electricity generated by the offshore wind-solar power generation system is transmitted to the offshore ammonia-hydrogen energy production system through cables; the offshore ammonia-hydrogen energy production system is used to prepare ammonia and liquefy and store the prepared ammonia; the offshore transportation system is used to receive liquid ammonia stored in the offshore ammonia-hydrogen energy production system, and transport the liquid ammonia to the onshore centralized energy storage and distribution system; the onshore centralized energy storage and distribution system is used to distribute the liquid ammonia to the downstream user end; the onshore comprehensive utilization system is used to utilize energy at the downstream user end. The invention proposes a zero-carbon energy system with ammonia as a hydrogen carrier to solve the problems of energy storage, transportation and use, and realize long-distance transportation and utilization of renewable energy. However, the above invention and the prior art still have the following defects: (1) The output power of wind power generation is affected by environmental factors, and its output power fluctuates greatly and is difficult to predict. Its access to the power grid will bring certain voltage and frequency fluctuations, affecting the stability of the power grid and causing a decline in the power supply quality of the power grid. In addition, in actual operation, the output power of the offshore energy platform module may increase or decrease suddenly, and it is impossible to ensure that reliable power distribution can be achieved in the face of extreme changes in wind power output power, and it is also impossible to ensure the final smoothing effect of wind power and the efficient and reasonable configuration of the capacity for the water electrolysis hydrogen production device; (2) The large-scale offshore ammonia synthesis device is unreasonable, the system thermal utilization rate is low, the ammonia conversion rate is low, and the system production load and energy consumption are high; (3) The cost of offshore transportation is high and the economic benefits are low. (4) The equipment of traditional synthetic ammonia systems is large-scale, the platform space and operating conditions are complex, and the offshore wind power is large and the economic benefits are low. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes a zero-carbon integrated energy application system for preparing hydrogen and ammonia based on offshore renewable energy electricity.

[0005] To realize the above technical scheme, the present invention provides a zero-carbon integrated energy application system for hydrogen-ammonia preparation based on offshore renewable energy electricity, which specifically includes: a renewable energy power module, wherein the renewable energy power module includes an offshore photovoltaic module, an offshore wind power module and an ocean tidal energy module, wherein the offshore photovoltaic module converts light energy into electrical energy, the offshore wind power module converts wind energy into electrical energy, and the ocean tidal energy module converts tidal kinetic energy into electrical energy, and a part of the generated electrical energy is directly supplied to the offshore energy platform module through the electrical system for energy conversion, and the other part of the electrical energy is transmitted to the energy storage system for multi-energy coordination to ensure system stability when photovoltaic, wind power and tidal energy power conversion are missing or there is no power conversion; the offshore energy platform module: includes intelligent control The above equipment are miniaturized and skid-mounted through subsystem integrated design and installed on the offshore energy platform; the intelligent control device is used to absorb the fluctuation in the output power of the renewable energy power module and optimize the power capacity. When the power generated by the renewable energy power module is higher than the demand of the offshore energy platform module, the energy storage system absorbs the excess power exceeding the requirements of the offshore energy platform module. When the output of the renewable energy power module is insufficient, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank is discharged through the hydrogen-ammonia power generation device or the renewable energy power module energy storage system is discharged to make up for the power shortage and meet the power requirements of the module. ; The air separation unit uses air as raw material, and converts the air into liquid through compression cycle deep freezing, and then gradually separates and produces nitrogen from the liquid air through distillation. The nitrogen is compressed and sent to the buffer storage device for storage; The water electrolysis hydrogen production device includes an electrolyzer, an electrical part, a separation and purification system, a cooling system, a water replenishment and alkali preparation system, and a thermal control system. Rectified renewable electricity is introduced into the electrolyzer filled with electrolyte, and water molecules undergo electrochemical reactions on the electrodes and decompose into hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen is separated, purified, cooled, and then sent to the buffer storage for storage. The thermal control system includes automatic detection, adjustment, display, fault alarm, automatic startup and shutdown and other functions to ensure the stable operation of the system under working conditions; The ammonia synthesis unit is used for Synthetic ammonia, hydrogen produced by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device and nitrogen produced by the air separation device are stored in the buffer storage device and transported to the ammonia synthesis tower for hydrogen-ammonia synthesis after being called by the control system. The ammonia obtained after the reaction in the ammonia synthesis tower enters the heat exchange system for cooling and then enters the ammonia separator to separate the ammonia and unreacted gas. The separated ammonia is transported to the buffer storage device for storage; Hydrogen-ammonia application module: including a marine transportation system and a hydrogen-ammonia energy comprehensive application system. The hydrogen-ammonia energy comprehensive application system includes a hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station, an ammonia filling station, and distributed power generation equipment; Among them, the marine transportation system uses ammonia-carrying hydrogen fuel cell powered ships to transport the liquid ammonia produced by the ammonia synthesis device to an onshore hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station, an ammonia filling station or distributed power generation;The integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station is used to crack the liquid ammonia delivered by the marine transportation system to generate hydrogen and nitrogen. The generated hydrogen is compressed by a compressor and then filled into vehicles using filling equipment or fuel cells for power generation; the ammonia filling station uses ammonia filling equipment to fill ammonia into ships and vehicles for power use; the distributed power generation equipment is used to crack ammonia to generate hydrogen or use water electrolysis to generate hydrogen to generate hydrogen through fuel cells to supply base station power, emergency power, and data center power. ;

[0006] Preferably, the intelligent control module in the offshore energy platform module absorbs the fluctuation in the power output of the renewable energy power module in the following manner:

[0007] S1. Determine the output power P of the renewable energy power module w (t) Whether the 1-minute and 10-minute active power fluctuation limits required by the grid are met. If P w (t) If the standard is met, the output power of the renewable energy power module is directly connected to the grid; if not, the next step is executed;

[0008] S2, output power P of renewable energy power module w (t) performing n (n=1) layer wavelet packet decomposition, and using db6 wavelet as the wavelet basis of wavelet packet decomposition according to the characteristics of electric power signal;

[0009] S3, reconstruct the decomposed n-th layer wavelet coefficients to obtain the low-frequency component S n,0 With the high-frequency fluctuation component S n,i ;

[0010] S4, determine the low-frequency component S after n-layer wavelet packet decomposition and reconstruction n,0 Whether the technical standards for the access of renewable energy power modules to the power system are met, if not, repeat step S2 to perform n+1 layers of wavelet packet decomposition. When the volatility amplitude limit is met, the optimal number of layers of wavelet packet decomposition is determined to be n, and the cycle stops.

[0011] Preferably, the wavelet packet decomposition method of the intelligent control module in the offshore energy platform module is as follows:

[0012] S21. According to the relevant requirements of the grid connection standards, establish the permissible range of power fluctuation of the renewable energy power module grid connection power;

[0013] S22, determine the power generation power P of the renewable energy power module w (t) Whether the grid connection index has been met. If not, wavelet packet decomposition is used to smooth the power generation power P of the renewable energy power module. w (t), gradually deepen the decomposition level n;

[0014] S23, when the decomposed P n,0 When the grid connection requirements are met, n0 is recorded as the optimal decomposition layer number under the condition of power fluctuation, and P n,0 Denoted as P0(t), P w The difference between P(t) and P0(t) is the fluctuation P in the power generation of the original renewable energy power module. s (t), which is also the fluctuation that the renewable energy power module needs to absorb.

[0015] Preferably, in step S23, P s (t) is obtained by superposing a series of power components corresponding to different frequency intervals, which is also the power fluctuation component that the renewable energy power module needs to absorb, P s (t) The input power of the offshore energy platform module is obtained by amplitude detection calculation and superposition of a part of the positive power component.

[0016] Preferably, the intelligent control module in the offshore energy platform module performs power capacity optimization configuration in the following manner:

[0017] Step 1: Using the IWOA algorithm, first set the size of the whale population to N p , then the initial population X=[x1,x2,···x Np ], maximum number of iterations t max , initialize A, C, a values, where A and C are random parameters and a is a control parameter;

[0018] Step 2: Calculate the fitness value of each individual {f(Xi), i = 1, 2, ···, Np}, and record the current optimal individual and position X best ;

[0019] Step 3: Calculate the convergence factor a according to Formula 1, and then update the A and C values ​​according to Formula 2 and Formula 3;

[0020]

[0021] A=2ar-a Formula 2;

[0022] C = 2r Formula 3;

[0023] Where r is a random number in [0,1];

[0024] Step 4: Perform random differential mutation perturbation on the best individual in the current group, and update the current whale individual position according to Formula 4;

[0025] X t+1 = r × (X best -X t )+r×(Xrand -X t ) Formula 4;

[0026] Where X rand is a random whale individual;

[0027] Step 5: Determine whether the number of iterations t reaches the maximum value t max If the maximum number of iterations is reached, the fitness value of the best solution is output, otherwise return to step 3 to continue execution.

[0028] Preferably, the ammonia synthesis device specifically comprises a compressor, an ammonia synthesis tower, a waste heat boiler, a heat exchanger, a deoxygenated water preheater, a water cooler, an aftercooler, a condenser, a circulating machine, an ammonia separator, a first ammonia cooler, a second ammonia cooler, a primary flash tank, a secondary flash tank and an absorption tower, wherein the feed port of the compressor is connected to the hydrogen outlet produced by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device and the fresh air pipeline through pipelines, the outlet of the compressor is connected to the air inlet of the ammonia synthesis tower, the discharge port of the ammonia synthesis tower is connected to the air inlet of the waste heat boiler, the discharge port of the waste heat boiler is connected to the feed port of the heat exchanger through a pipeline, the discharge port of the heat exchanger is connected to the feed port of the deoxygenated water preheater, the discharge port of the deoxygenated water preheater is connected to the feed port of the water cooler, the discharge port of the water cooler is connected to the feed port of the aftercooler, and the discharge port of the aftercooler is connected to the first feed port of the condenser, The first discharge port of the condenser is connected to the feed port of the circulation machine, the discharge port of the circulation machine is connected to the feed port of the compressor through a pipeline, the second discharge port of the condenser is connected to the feed port of the primary flash tank through a pipeline, the third discharge port of the condenser is connected to the feed port of the first ammonia cooler, the discharge port of the first ammonia cooler is connected to the feed port of the second ammonia cooler, the discharge port of the second ammonia cooler is connected to the feed port of the ammonia separator, the first discharge port of the ammonia separator is connected to the second feed port of the condenser, the second discharge port of the ammonia separator is connected to the feed port of the primary flash tank, the gas outlet of the primary flash tank is connected to the feed port of the compressor through a pipeline, the liquid outlet of the primary flash tank is connected to the feed port of the secondary flash tank through a pipeline, the liquid outlet of the secondary flash tank is connected to the green ammonia storage tank, and the gas outlet of the secondary flash tank is connected to the absorption tower.

[0029] Preferably, the ammonia synthesis device performs ammonia synthesis in the following manner: the hydrogen generated by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device, fresh air and unreacted gas are transported to a compressor for mixing, and then transported to an ammonia synthesis tower for hydrogen and ammonia synthesis. After the reaction in the ammonia synthesis tower, a high-temperature mixed gas is obtained and enters a waste heat boiler for waste heat recovery to produce by-product steam. The temperature of the gas after the reaction is reduced to 190°C, and then it comes out from the upper part of the waste heat boiler and enters a heat exchanger. The gas in and between the tubes of the upper heat exchanger from the top of the heat exchanger is heat exchanged and the gas temperature is reduced to about 90°C after the gas comes out from the bottom, and then enters a water cooler, low in and high out. The temperature of the gas coming out of the water cooling is reduced to about 20°C, and enters an aftercooler to further reduce the gas temperature to about 10°C, so that the gaseous ammonia in the gas is cooled into mist-like liquid ammonia, and then enters a condenser, and enters the cold gas between the tubes of the upper heat exchanger and the ammonia separator in the tube from the upper side of the condenser. After heat exchange, the gas temperature drops to about 1°C, and then enters the cyclone separator at the bottom of the condenser for the first liquid ammonia separation, so that most of the liquid ammonia in the gas is separated. The separated gas and a small amount of liquid ammonia go up from the annular gap between the inner part and the outer cylinder to the upper side and come out. The gas will be vented before entering the first ammonia cooler. The vented gas enters the first ammonia cooler and then enters the second ammonia cooler to reduce the gas temperature to about -10°C, and then re-enters the condenser as a refrigerant. The liquid ammonia separated by the second ammonia cooler and the condenser is decompressed to 5.1MPa and then enters the first flash tank. Most of the flashed hydrogen and nitrogen are directly returned to the fresh gas pipeline to enter the compressor. The liquid ammonia out of the first flash tank enters the second flash tank again. The second flash pressure is 2.5MPa. The flash gas is absorbed by the absorption tower and sent to the boiler system for combustion. The ammonia water is sent to the boiler flue gas desulfurization system. The liquid ammonia out of the second flash tank is sent to the green ammonia storage tank for storage.

[0030] Preferably, the ammonia-carrying hydrogen fuel cell powered ship comprises a hull, an ammonia storage module, an ammonia hydrogen production module, a hydrogen supply module, and a hydrogen fuel cell, wherein the ammonia storage module comprises a green ammonia storage tank, a monitoring system, and an emergency exhaust system, the interior of the green ammonia storage tank is kept at room temperature, and when filling ammonia fuel, the internal pressure is adjusted by the inlet control valve on the green ammonia storage tank to keep it within a safe range at all times, and when using ammonia fuel, the outlet pressure can be adjusted by the outlet control valve on the green ammonia storage tank; the ammonia hydrogen production module comprises an ammonia decomposition furnace and a gas separation device, the ammonia decomposition furnace adopts a high-temperature electric heating decomposition method to produce ammonia, and then the reacted The mixed gas is injected into the gas separation device, which separates the ammonia that has not had time to react in the mixed gas and reintroduces it into the ammonia decomposition furnace for reaction. The nitrogen is discharged into the air, and the hydrogen is introduced into the hydrogen supply module; the hydrogen supply module includes a hydrogen processing device and a monitoring device. The hydrogen processing device purifies and dries the hydrogen produced by the ammonia hydrogen production module to generate hydrogen that meets the purity, pressure and temperature requirements of the hydrogen fuel cell. The monitoring device is used to monitor in real time whether the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen processing device meets the purity, pressure and temperature requirements of the hydrogen fuel cell; the hydrogen fuel cell is used to provide power to the hull.

[0031] Preferably, the integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station comprises an ammonia cracking reactor, a separation device, a hydrogen purification device, a compression device and a filling device. Liquid ammonia is cracked by a high-temperature catalyst or an electrocatalytic cracking device to generate hydrogen and nitrogen. The separation device and the hydrogen purification device separate the unconverted ammonia for reuse. The purified hydrogen is compressed by a compressor to a certain pressure and then filled into vehicles using a filling device or used for combustion in fuel cells to generate electricity.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the zero-carbon integrated energy application system for preparing hydrogen and ammonia based on offshore renewable energy power provided by the present invention are:

[0033] 1) The present invention transmits the electricity generated by the renewable energy power module to the electrolysis hydrogen production device of the offshore energy platform through a cable for electrolysis hydrogen production, and then uses an ammonia synthesis device to synthesize green ammonia from the hydrogen produced by the electrolysis hydrogen production device and nitrogen in the air, and then stores it in a storage tank. The marine transportation system uses ammonia-carrying hydrogen fuel cell powered ships, making full use of the liquid ammonia produced by the ammonia synthesis device as the power source of marine transport ships, and transporting the liquid ammonia to the onshore hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station or ammonia filling station. At the same time, cold chain logistics ships can use ammonia for refrigeration, hydrogen production and hydrogenation generate nitrogen and hydrogen through high-temperature catalytic cracking of ammonia. Nitrogen can be used as a system protection gas, hydrogen is pressurized and then filled with fuel cells or directly burned in fuel cells to generate electricity, and ammonia can also be directly filled with vehicles or thermal power mixed with ammonia combustion for power generation. All energy sources in the present invention come from wind, sun and sea, truly realizing the application of zero-carbon comprehensive green energy.

[0034] 2) The present invention installs the air separation system, water electrolysis hydrogen production device, ammonia synthesis device, buffer storage system, and hydrogen-ammonia power generation system in a container of an offshore energy platform module in a skid-mounted and miniaturized manner. The small skid-mounted equipment can be easily moved and installed due to its subsystem modular design, which facilitates rapid deployment and reduces installation costs. It has unique advantages in situations where the site is limited, such as the high cost of design and use of offshore platforms and the need for rapid deployment.

[0035] 3) The present invention realizes the smoothing of fluctuations in the output power of the renewable energy power module through the intelligent control design of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device, and uses the fluctuation of the output power for water electrolysis hydrogen production, thereby stabilizing the operation of the power grid and improving the utilization rate of the wind power output power. When the power generated by the renewable energy power module is higher than the grid connection demand, the excess power exceeding the grid connection requirement is absorbed by the electrolytic cell to electrolyze water, thereby improving the utilization rate of power. When the output of the renewable energy power module is insufficient to meet the grid or load demand, the fuel cell consumes the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank to discharge and make up for the shortage of the power generated by the renewable energy power module, thereby achieving the purpose of smoothing the system's online power. The unbalanced power caused by the response delay of the electrolytic cell and the fuel cell can be smoothed by the supercapacitor in a fast charging and discharging manner, thereby ensuring the real-time consistency between the output of the hybrid system and the load demand.

[0036] 4) The present invention innovatively designs the ammonia synthesis process, reduces system resistance by reducing system reaction pressure and optimizing the fresh gas replenishment process, reduces fresh gas consumption by optimizing the relaxation gas recovery process, improves system thermal utilization by increasing the optimization of the deaeration water preheater process, increases steam production by recovering waste heat through a waste heat boiler to produce saturated steam as a by-product, and reduces the production load and energy consumption of the refrigeration system by increasing the optimization of the aftercooler process, thereby effectively achieving the purpose of energy saving and consumption reduction of the ammonia synthesis device.

[0037] 5) The present invention optimizes the design of the marine transportation system and adopts an ammonia-carrying hydrogen fuel cell powered ship as the main body for transporting liquid ammonia. It can fully utilize the liquid ammonia produced by the ammonia synthesis device of the present invention as a power source, greatly reducing the transportation cost. Moreover, compared with traditional fuel cell powered ships, ammonia-carrying hydrogen fuel cell powered ships have great advantages in terms of safety, economy and convenience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a system module diagram of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 It is a system flow chart of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of the ammonia synthesis device in the present invention.

[0041] In the figure: 1. compressor; 2. ammonia synthesis tower; 3. waste heat boiler; 4. heat exchanger; 5. deoxygenated water preheater; 6. water cooler; 7. aftercooler; 8. condenser; 9. circulation machine; 10. ammonia separator; 11. first ammonia cooler; 12. second ammonia cooler; 13. primary flash tank; 14. secondary flash tank; 15. absorption tower. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Embodiment: A zero-carbon integrated energy application system for hydrogen and ammonia production based on offshore renewable energy electricity.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a zero-carbon comprehensive energy application system for preparing hydrogen and ammonia based on offshore renewable energy power, which specifically includes:

[0045] (I) Renewable energy power module: including offshore photovoltaic module, offshore wind power module and ocean tidal energy module. Offshore photovoltaic module converts light energy into electrical energy, among which offshore wind power module converts wind energy into electrical energy, and ocean tidal energy module converts tidal kinetic energy into electrical energy. Part of the generated electrical energy is directly supplied to the offshore energy platform module through the electrical system for energy conversion, and the other part of the electrical energy is transmitted to the energy storage system for multi-energy coordination to ensure that the system does not stop and keep warm when photovoltaic, wind power and tidal power conversion is missing or there is no power conversion. Multi-energy coordination and complementarity to a certain extent solve the volatility and stability problems of renewable energy. Among them, the offshore wind power module is composed of multiple offshore wind turbines. The structure of the offshore wind turbine mainly includes blades, hubs, main shafts, gearboxes, couplings, generators, towers, foundation platforms, and anchor chains. The blades convert wind energy into low-speed, high-torque mechanical energy and transmit it to the main shaft, which is then transmitted from the main shaft to the gearbox. The gearbox is connected to the generator, and the high-speed, high-torque load output by the gearbox drives the generator to generate electricity.

[0046] (II) Offshore energy platform module: including intelligent control module, air separation unit, water electrolysis hydrogen production unit, ammonia synthesis unit, buffer storage unit, hydrogen-ammonia power generation unit. The above equipment are all miniaturized and skid-mounted on the offshore energy platform through subsystem integrated design; the intelligent control system is used to absorb the fluctuation in the output power of the renewable energy power module and optimize the power capacity configuration. When the power generated by the renewable energy power module is higher than the demand of the offshore energy platform module, the excess power exceeding the requirements of the offshore energy platform module is absorbed by the energy storage system. When the output of the renewable energy power module is insufficient to meet the load demand, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank is consumed by the hydrogen-ammonia power generation unit to discharge and make up for the power shortage to meet the power requirements of the module. The buffer storage device realizes the unbalanced power caused by the response delay of the electrolyzer and the fuel cell through rapid charging and discharging or multi-energy complementary balance calculated by the intelligent control module. The air separation unit uses air as raw material and compresses and circulates it through the air compressor. The deep freezing method turns air into liquid, and then nitrogen is gradually separated from the liquid air through distillation. The nitrogen is compressed and sent to the buffer storage for storage; the electrolysis water hydrogen production device includes an electrolyzer, an electrical part, a separation and purification system, a cooling system, a water replenishment and alkali preparation system, and a thermal control system. Rectified renewable electricity is introduced into the electrolyzer filled with electrolyte, and water molecules undergo electrochemical reactions on the electrodes and decompose into hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen is separated, purified, and cooled and then sent to the buffer storage for storage. The thermal control system includes functions such as automatic detection, adjustment, display, fault alarm, automatic startup and shutdown to ensure the stable operation of the system under working conditions; the ammonia synthesis device is used to synthesize ammonia. The hydrogen produced by the electrolysis water hydrogen production device and the nitrogen produced by the air separation device are transported to the ammonia synthesis tower for hydrogen and ammonia synthesis. The ammonia obtained after the reaction in the ammonia synthesis tower enters the heat exchange system for cooling and then enters the ammonia separator to separate the ammonia and the unreacted gas. The separated ammonia is transported to the buffer storage device for storage.

[0047] In this embodiment, the water electrolysis hydrogen production device includes an electrolyzer, a hydrogen storage tank, a fuel cell and a supercapacitor, wherein when the electric power generated by the renewable energy power module is higher than the grid connection demand, the excess electric power exceeding the grid connection requirement is absorbed by electrolyzing water through the electrolyzer; when the output of the renewable energy power module is insufficient to meet the grid connection or load demand, the fuel cell consumes the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank to discharge and make up for the electric power shortage to meet the grid connection power requirement; the supercapacitor balances the unbalanced power caused by the response delay of the electrolyzer and the fuel cell by rapid charging and discharging.

[0048] In the above-mentioned water electrolysis hydrogen production device, the renewable energy power module completes the task of converting wind energy, solar energy, and tidal energy into electrical energy. The electrolyzer consumes electrical energy to produce hydrogen, converting electrical energy into hydrogen energy. The hydrogen storage tank stores hydrogen. The fuel cell burns and discharges hydrogen, converting hydrogen energy into electrical energy. The water electrolysis hydrogen production device as a whole constitutes an energy closed-loop structure of electricity-hydrogen energy-electricity.

[0049] According to the structure of the above-mentioned water electrolysis hydrogen production device, part of the electric power generated by the renewable energy power module is directly connected to the grid, and the other part of the electric energy is used to produce hydrogen by electrolyzing water in the electrolyzer. When the electric power of the renewable energy power module is higher than the grid connection demand, wind and light abandonment occurs. At this time, the excess wind power and photovoltaic power that exceed the grid connection requirements are absorbed by the electrolyzer to electrolyze water, thereby improving the utilization rate of wind power and photovoltaic power. When the output of the renewable energy power module is not enough to meet the grid or load requirements, the fuel cell consumes the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank to discharge, making up for the shortage of the renewable energy power module, so as to achieve the purpose of smoothing the system's online power. The supercapacitor smoothes the unbalanced power caused by the response delay of the electrolyzer and the fuel cell by fast charging and discharging, ensuring the real-time consistency between the output of the hybrid system and the load demand.

[0050] In the actual operation process, since the output power of renewable energy power modules is affected by environmental factors, its output power fluctuates greatly and is difficult to predict. Its access to the grid will bring certain voltage and frequency fluctuations and other problems, affecting the stability of the grid and causing a decline in the quality of grid power supply. For grid-connected electric hydrogen production systems, the output power of renewable energy power modules may experience sudden increases or decreases in actual operation. Traditional fluctuation smoothing control methods do not take into account the possible negative impact of irregular random fluctuations in the output power of renewable energy power modules on smoothing control, and cannot ensure reliable power distribution in the face of extreme changes in the output power of renewable energy power modules. It is also impossible to guarantee the final smoothing effect of the power generation of renewable energy power modules and the efficient and reasonable configuration capacity of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device.

[0051] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for effectively absorbing the fluctuation in the power output of a renewable energy power module, reducing the impact of the power grid connection of the renewable energy power module on the power grid, and improving the utilization rate of power, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0052] S1. Determine the output power P of the renewable energy power module w (t) Whether the 1-minute and 10-minute active power fluctuation limits required by the grid are met. If P w (t) If the standard is met, the output power of the renewable energy power module power plant can be directly connected to the grid; if it is not met, the next step is executed;

[0053] S2, output power P of renewable energy power module w (t) Perform n (n=1) layers of wavelet packet decomposition. According to the characteristics of the electric power signal, db6 wavelet is used as the wavelet basis of the wavelet packet decomposition. The wavelet packet decomposition method is as follows:

[0054] S21. According to the relevant requirements of the grid connection standards, establish the permissible range of power fluctuation of renewable energy power modules connected to the grid;

[0055] S22, determine the power generation power P of the renewable energy power module w (t) Whether the grid connection index has been met. If not, wavelet packet decomposition is used to smooth the power generation power P of the renewable energy power module. w (t), gradually deepen the decomposition level n;

[0056] S23, when the decomposed P n,0 When the grid connection requirements are met, n0 is recorded as the optimal decomposition layer number under the condition of power fluctuation, and P n,0 Denoted as P0(t), P w The difference between P(t) and P0(t) is the fluctuation P in the power generation of the original renewable energy power module. s (t), which is also the fluctuation that the renewable energy power module needs to absorb, where P s (t) is obtained by superposing a series of power components corresponding to different frequency intervals, which is also the power fluctuation component that the renewable energy power module needs to absorb, P s (t) The input power of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is obtained by amplitude detection calculation and superposition of a part of the positive power component. Through the above-mentioned adaptive wavelet packet decomposition process, the input power of the hybrid water electrolysis hydrogen production device is obtained. The power input to the hydrogen production system needs to be further distributed to obtain the operating power of each electrolyzer, thereby effectively improving the actual smoothing performance of the hybrid water electrolysis hydrogen production device on the output power of the renewable energy power module.

[0057] S3, reconstruct the nth layer of wavelet coefficients after decomposition to obtain the low-frequency component S n,0 With the high-frequency fluctuation component S n,i ;

[0058] S4, determine the low-frequency component S after n-layer wavelet packet decomposition and reconstruction n,0 Whether the technical standards for the access of renewable energy power modules to the power system are met, if not, repeat step S2 to perform n+1 layers of wavelet packet decomposition. When the volatility amplitude limit is met, the optimal number of layers of wavelet packet decomposition is determined to be n, and the cycle stops.

[0059] Through the above method, the fluctuation of the output power of the renewable energy power module can be smoothed, and the fluctuation of the output power can be used to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen, which stabilizes the operation of the power grid and improves the utilization rate of the output power of the renewable energy power module.

[0060] In the water electrolysis hydrogen production device provided by the present invention, when the output power of the renewable energy power module at time t is less than the power required for access to the Internet, the fuel cell starts to burn hydrogen and discharge to jointly output power with the wind turbine to bear the power for access to the Internet during this period, making up for the power difference between the power grid demand and the output of the generator group, playing a "valley filling" role, and reducing the output power fluctuation of the renewable energy power module. However, how to achieve the capacity configuration optimization in this water electrolysis hydrogen production device and ultimately determine the capacity of each device is another problem that the present invention needs to solve. In order to solve the above problem, the intelligent control module in the offshore energy platform module of the present invention optimizes the power capacity configuration in the following way:

[0061] Step 1: Using the IWOA algorithm, first set the size of the whale population to N p , then the initial population X=[x1,x2,···x Np ], maximum number of iterations t max , initialize A, C, a values, where A and C are random parameters and a is a control parameter;

[0062] Step 2: Calculate the fitness value of each individual {f(Xi), i = 1, 2, ···, Np}, and record the current optimal individual and position X best ;

[0063] Step 3: Calculate the convergence factor a according to Formula 1, and then update the A and C values ​​according to Formula 2 and Formula 3;

[0064]

[0065] A=2ar-a Formula 2;

[0066] C = 2r Formula 3;

[0067] Where r is a random number in [0,1];

[0068] Step 4: Perform random differential mutation perturbation on the best individual in the current group, and update the current whale individual position according to Formula 4;

[0069] X t+1 = r × (X best -X t )+r×(X rand -X t ) Formula 4;

[0070] Where X randis a random whale individual;

[0071] Step 5: Determine whether the number of iterations t reaches the maximum value t max If the maximum number of iterations is reached, the fitness value of the best solution is output, otherwise return to step 3 to continue execution.

[0072] By solving the capacity configuration optimization model of the wind-hydrogen coupling system through the above-mentioned improved IWOA algorithm, the Pareto optimal solution set of the operating cost and system power deviation of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device can be quickly and accurately calculated, and the capacity of each device can be finally determined to achieve capacity configuration optimization in the water electrolysis hydrogen production device.

[0073] The present invention realizes the fluctuation suppression of the output power of the renewable energy power module through the intelligent control design of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device, and uses the fluctuation of the output power for water electrolysis hydrogen production, thereby stabilizing the operation of the power grid and improving the utilization rate of the wind power output power. When the power generated by the renewable energy power module is higher than the grid connection demand, the excess power exceeding the grid connection requirement is absorbed by the electrolytic cell to electrolyze water, thereby improving the utilization rate of power. When the output of the renewable energy power module is insufficient to meet the grid or load demand, the fuel cell consumes the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank to discharge, making up for the shortage of the power generated by the renewable energy power module, thereby achieving the purpose of smoothing the system's online power, and the unbalanced power caused by the response delay of the electrolytic cell and the fuel cell can be smoothed by the supercapacitor in a fast charging and discharging manner, thereby ensuring the real-time consistency between the output of the hybrid system and the load demand.

[0074] In this embodiment, the ammonia synthesis device is used to synthesize ammonia. The hydrogen generated by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device, fresh air and unreacted gas are transported to the compressor for mixing, and then transported to the ammonia synthesis tower for hydrogen and ammonia synthesis. The ammonia obtained after the reaction in the ammonia synthesis tower enters the heat exchange system for cooling, and then enters the ammonia separator to separate the ammonia and unreacted gas. The separated ammonia is transported to the green ammonia storage tank for storage.

[0075] Reference Figure 3As shown, the ammonia synthesis device specifically includes a compressor 1, an ammonia synthesis tower 2, a waste heat boiler 3, a heat exchanger 4, a deoxygenated water preheater 5, a water cooler 6, an aftercooler 7, a condenser 8, a circulating machine 9, an ammonia separator 10, a first ammonia cooler 11, a second ammonia cooler 12, a primary flash tank 13, a secondary flash tank 14 and an absorption tower 15, wherein the feed port of the compressor 1 is connected to the hydrogen outlet and the fresh air pipeline produced by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device through pipelines, and the outlet of the compressor 1 is connected to the hydrogen outlet and the fresh air pipeline produced by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device through pipelines. The exhaust port of the ammonia synthesis tower 2 is connected to the exhaust port of the waste heat boiler 3, the exhaust port of the waste heat boiler 3 is connected to the exhaust port of the heat exchanger 4 through a pipeline, the exhaust port of the heat exchanger 4 is connected to the exhaust port of the deoxygenated water preheater 5, the exhaust port of the deoxygenated water preheater 5 is connected to the exhaust port of the water cooler 6, the exhaust port of the water cooler 6 is connected to the exhaust port of the aftercooler 7, the exhaust port of the aftercooler 7 is connected to the first exhaust port of the condenser 8, and the exhaust port of the condenser 8 is connected to the exhaust port of the ammonia synthesis tower 2. The first discharge port of the condenser 8 is connected to the feed port of the circulation machine 9, the discharge port of the circulation machine 9 is connected to the feed port of the compressor 1 through a pipeline, the second discharge port of the condenser 8 is connected to the feed port of the primary flash tank 13 through a pipeline, the third discharge port of the condenser 8 is connected to the feed port of the first ammonia cooler 11, the discharge port of the first ammonia cooler 11 is connected to the feed port of the second ammonia cooler 12, the discharge port of the second ammonia cooler 12 is connected to the feed port of the ammonia separator 10, and the The first discharge port of the ammonia separator 10 is connected to the second feed port of the condenser 8, the second discharge port of the ammonia separator 10 is connected to the feed port of the primary flash tank 13, the gas outlet of the primary flash tank 13 is connected to the feed port of the compressor 1 through a pipeline, the liquid outlet of the primary flash tank 13 is connected to the feed port of the secondary flash tank 14 through a pipeline, the liquid outlet of the secondary flash tank 14 is connected to the green ammonia storage tank, and the gas outlet of the secondary flash tank 14 is connected to the absorption tower 15.

[0076] In actual operation, the hydrogen, fresh air and unreacted gas generated by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device are transported to the compressor 1 for mixing, and then transported to the ammonia synthesis tower 2 for hydrogen and ammonia synthesis. After the reaction in the ammonia synthesis tower 2, the high-temperature mixed gas is obtained and enters the waste heat boiler 3 for waste heat recovery and by-product steam. The temperature of the gas after the reaction is reduced to 190°C, and then it comes out from the upper part of the waste heat boiler 3 and enters the heat exchanger 4. The gas in and between the upper heat exchanger tubes from the top of the heat exchanger 4 is heat exchanged and the gas temperature is reduced to about 90°C. It comes out from the bottom and then enters the deoxygenated water preheater 5 for waste heat reuse, and then enters the water cooler 6, low in and high out. The gas temperature coming out of the water cooling is reduced to about 20°C, and enters the aftercooler 7 to further reduce the gas temperature to about 10°C, so that the gaseous ammonia in the gas is cooled into mist-like liquid ammonia, and then enters the condenser 8, and enters the upper heat exchanger tubes and the cold gas from the ammonia separator in the tube from the upper side of the condenser 8 for heat exchange. After the body temperature drops to about 1°C, it enters the cyclone separator at the lower part of the condenser 8 for the first liquid ammonia separation, so that most of the liquid ammonia in the gas is separated. The separated gas and a small amount of liquid ammonia go up from the annular gap between the inner part and the outer cylinder to the upper side and come out. The gas will be vented before entering the first ammonia cooler 11. The vented gas enters the first ammonia cooler 11 and then enters the second ammonia cooler 12 to reduce the gas temperature to about -10°C, and then re-enters the condenser 8 as a refrigerant. The liquid ammonia separated by the second ammonia cooler 12 and the condenser 8 is decompressed to 5.1MPa and then enters the first flash tank 13. Most of the flashed hydrogen and nitrogen are directly returned to the fresh gas pipeline to enter the compressor 1. The liquid ammonia out of the first flash tank 13 enters the second flash tank 14 again. The second flash pressure is 2.5MPa. The flash gas is absorbed by the absorption tower 15 and then sent to the boiler system for combustion. The ammonia water is sent to the boiler flue gas desulfurization system. The liquid ammonia out of the second flash tank 14 is sent to the green ammonia storage tank for storage.

[0077] The present invention makes an innovative design for the ammonia synthesis process, reduces the system resistance by reducing the system reaction pressure and optimizing the fresh gas replenishment process, reduces the fresh gas consumption by optimizing the relaxation gas recovery process, improves the system heat utilization rate by optimizing the process of adding a deoxygenated water preheater 5, increases the steam production by recovering waste heat from the waste heat boiler 3 and producing saturated steam as a by-product, and reduces the production load and energy consumption of the refrigeration system by optimizing the process of adding an aftercooler 7, thereby effectively achieving the purpose of energy saving and consumption reduction of the ammonia synthesis device.

[0078] (III) Hydrogen-ammonia application module: including a marine transport system and a hydrogen-ammonia energy integrated application system. The hydrogen-ammonia energy integrated application system includes an integrated hydrogen production and refueling station, an ammonia filling station, and distributed power generation equipment. Among them, the marine transport system uses ammonia-carrying hydrogen fuel cell-powered ships to transport the liquid ammonia produced by the ammonia synthesis device to an integrated hydrogen production and refueling station, an ammonia filling station, or distributed power generation on land. The integrated hydrogen production and refueling station is used to crack the liquid ammonia transported by the marine transport system to generate hydrogen and nitrogen. The generated hydrogen is compressed by a compressor and then filled into vehicles using filling equipment or used for fuel cell combustion power generation. The ammonia filling station fills ammonia into ships and vehicles for power use through ammonia filling equipment. The distributed power generation equipment is used to crack ammonia to generate hydrogen or use water electrolysis to produce hydrogen to generate hydrogen and supply base station power, emergency power, and data center power through fuel cell power generation.

[0079] In this embodiment, the marine transport system uses an ammonia-carrying hydrogen fuel cell powered ship to transport the liquid ammonia produced by the ammonia synthesis device to an onshore integrated hydrogen production and refueling station or an ammonia filling station. The ammonia-carrying hydrogen fuel cell powered ship includes a hull, an ammonia storage module, an ammonia hydrogen production module, a hydrogen supply module, and a hydrogen fuel cell, wherein the ammonia storage module includes a green ammonia storage tank, a monitoring system, and an emergency exhaust system. The interior of the green ammonia storage tank is maintained at room temperature. When refueling with ammonia fuel, the internal pressure is adjusted by the inlet control valve on the green ammonia storage tank to keep it within a safe range at all times. When using ammonia fuel, the outlet pressure can be adjusted by the outlet control valve on the green ammonia storage tank; the ammonia hydrogen production module includes an ammonia decomposition furnace and a gas separation device. The ammonia decomposition furnace uses high-temperature electric heating to decompose ammonia, and then the reaction mixture is The gas is injected into the gas separation device, which separates the ammonia that has not had time to react in the mixed gas, reintroduces it into the ammonia decomposition furnace for reaction, discharges the nitrogen into the air, and introduces the hydrogen into the hydrogen supply module; the hydrogen supply module includes a hydrogen processing device and a monitoring device, the hydrogen processing device purifies, dries and other treatments the hydrogen produced by the ammonia hydrogen production module to generate hydrogen that meets the purity, pressure and temperature requirements of the hydrogen fuel cell, and the monitoring device is used to monitor in real time whether the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen processing device meets the purity, pressure and temperature requirements of the hydrogen fuel cell; the hydrogen fuel cell is used to provide power to the hull.

[0080] The present invention optimizes the design of the marine transportation system and adopts an ammonia-carrying hydrogen fuel cell powered ship as the main body for transporting liquid ammonia. It can fully utilize the liquid ammonia produced by the ammonia synthesis device of the present invention as a power source, greatly reducing the transportation cost. Moreover, compared with traditional fuel cell powered ships, ammonia-carrying hydrogen fuel cell powered ships have great advantages in terms of safety, economy and convenience.

[0081] The integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station is used to crack the liquid ammonia transported by the marine transportation system to generate hydrogen and nitrogen. The generated hydrogen is compressed by a compressor and then filled with a filling device for use in vehicles or burned in fuel cells for power generation. The integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station includes an ammonia cracking reactor, a separation device, a hydrogen purification device, a compression device and a filling device. Liquid ammonia is cracked by a high-temperature catalyst or electrocatalytic cracking to generate hydrogen and nitrogen. The separation device and the hydrogen purification device separate the unconverted ammonia for reuse. The purified hydrogen is compressed by a compressor and then filled with a filling device for use in vehicles or burned in fuel cells for power generation.

[0082] The present invention transmits the electricity generated by the renewable energy power module to the electrolysis hydrogen production device of the offshore energy platform through a cable for electrolysis hydrogen production, and then uses an ammonia synthesis device to synthesize the hydrogen produced by the electrolysis hydrogen production device and the nitrogen in the air into green ammonia and store it in a storage tank. The marine transportation system uses ammonia hydrogen fuel cell powered ships, making full use of the liquid ammonia produced by the ammonia synthesis device as the power source of the marine transport ship, and transports the liquid ammonia to the onshore hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station or ammonia filling station. At the same time, cold chain logistics ships can use ammonia for refrigeration, hydrogen production and hydrogenation generate nitrogen and hydrogen through high-temperature catalytic cracking of ammonia, nitrogen can be used as system protection gas, hydrogen is pressurized and then filled with fuel cells or directly burned by fuel cells to generate electricity, and ammonia can also be directly filled with vehicles or thermal power mixed with ammonia combustion for power generation. All energy sources in the present invention come from wind, sun and sea, truly realizing the application of zero-carbon comprehensive green energy.

[0083] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention should not be limited to the contents disclosed in the embodiment and the drawings, so any equivalent or modification completed without departing from the spirit disclosed in the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A zero-carbon integrated energy application system for hydrogen and ammonia production based on offshore renewable energy power, characterized in that include: Renewable energy power module: including offshore photovoltaic module, offshore wind power module and ocean tidal energy module. Offshore photovoltaic module converts light energy into electrical energy, offshore wind power module converts wind energy into electrical energy, and ocean tidal energy module converts tidal kinetic energy into electrical energy. Part of the generated electrical energy is directly supplied to the offshore energy platform module through the electrical system for energy conversion, and the other part of the electrical energy is transmitted to the energy storage system for multi-energy coordination to ensure system stability when photovoltaic, wind power and tidal energy power conversion is missing or there is no power conversion; Offshore energy platform module: including intelligent control device, air separation device, water electrolysis hydrogen production device, ammonia synthesis device, buffer storage device, hydrogen-ammonia power generation device. The above equipment are all miniaturized and skid-mounted on the offshore energy platform through subsystem integrated design; the intelligent control device is used to absorb the fluctuation in the output power of the renewable energy power module and optimize the power capacity configuration. When the power generated by the renewable energy power module is higher than the demand of the offshore energy platform module, the energy storage system absorbs the excess power exceeding the requirements of the offshore energy platform module. When the output of the renewable energy power module is insufficient, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank is discharged by the hydrogen-ammonia power generation device or the renewable energy power module energy storage system is discharged to make up for the power shortage and meet the power requirements of the module; the air separation unit uses air as raw material, and converts the air into liquid through the method of compression cycle deep freezing, and then gradually separates and produces nitrogen from the liquid air through distillation. The nitrogen is compressed and sent to the buffer storage device for storage; the water electrolysis hydrogen production device includes an electrolytic cell, an electrical part, a separation and purification system, a cooling system, a water replenishment and alkali preparation system, and a thermal control system. Rectified renewable electricity is introduced into the electrolytic cell filled with electrolyte, and water molecules undergo electrochemical reactions on the electrodes to decompose into hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen is separated, purified, and cooled before being sent to the buffer storage for storage. The thermal control system includes functions such as automatic detection, adjustment, display, fault alarm, automatic startup and shutdown to ensure the stable operation of the system under working conditions; the ammonia synthesis device is used to synthesize ammonia. The hydrogen produced by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device and the nitrogen produced by the air separation device are stored in the buffer storage device and are called by the control system and then sent to the ammonia synthesis tower for hydrogen and ammonia synthesis. The ammonia obtained after the reaction in the ammonia synthesis tower enters the heat exchange system for cooling and then enters the ammonia separator to separate the ammonia and the unreacted gas. The separated ammonia is sent to the buffer storage device for storage; Hydrogen-ammonia application module: includes marine transportation system and hydrogen-ammonia comprehensive energy application system. The hydrogen-ammonia comprehensive energy application system includes hydrogen production and refueling integrated station, ammonia filling station and distributed power generation equipment. Among them, the marine transportation system uses ammonia-carrying hydrogen fuel cell powered ships to transport the liquid ammonia produced by the ammonia synthesis device to the onshore hydrogen production and refueling integrated station, ammonia filling station or distributed power generation. The hydrogen production and refueling integrated station is used to crack the liquid ammonia transported by the marine transportation system to generate hydrogen and nitrogen. The generated hydrogen is compressed by a compressor and then filled into vehicles using filling equipment or used for fuel cell combustion and power generation. The ammonia filling station fills ammonia into ships and vehicles for power use through ammonia filling equipment. The distributed power generation equipment is used to crack ammonia to generate hydrogen or use water electrolysis to produce hydrogen to generate hydrogen through fuel cell power generation to supply base station power, emergency power and data center power.

2. The zero-carbon integrated energy application system for hydrogen-ammonia preparation based on offshore renewable energy power according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent control module in the offshore energy platform module absorbs the fluctuation in the power output of the renewable energy power module in the following way: S1. Determine the output power P of the renewable energy power module w (t) Whether the 1-minute and 10-minute active power fluctuation limits required by the grid are met. If P w (t) If the standard is met, the output power of the renewable energy power module is directly connected to the grid; if not, the next step is executed; S2, output power P of renewable energy power module w (t) performing n (n=1) layer wavelet packet decomposition, and using db6 wavelet as the wavelet basis of wavelet packet decomposition according to the characteristics of electric power signal; S3, reconstruct the nth layer of wavelet coefficients after decomposition to obtain the low-frequency component S n,0 With the high-frequency fluctuation component S n,i ; S4, determine the low-frequency component S after n-layer wavelet packet decomposition and reconstruction n,0 Whether the technical standards for the access of renewable energy power modules to the power system are met, if not, repeat step S2 to perform n+1 layers of wavelet packet decomposition. When the volatility amplitude limit is met, the optimal number of layers of wavelet packet decomposition is determined to be n, and the cycle stops.

3. The zero-carbon integrated energy application system for hydrogen-ammonia preparation based on offshore renewable energy power according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wavelet packet decomposition method of the intelligent control module in the offshore energy platform module is as follows: S21. According to the relevant requirements of the grid connection standards, establish the permissible range of power fluctuation of the renewable energy power module grid connection; S22, determine the power generation power P of the renewable energy power module w (t) Whether the grid connection index has been met. If not, wavelet packet decomposition is used to smooth the power generation power P of the renewable energy power module. w (t), gradually deepen the decomposition level n; S23, when the decomposed P n,0 When the grid connection requirements are met, n0 is recorded as the optimal decomposition layer number under the condition of power fluctuation, and P n,0 Denoted as P0(t), P w The difference between P(t) and P0(t) is the fluctuation P in the power generation of the original renewable energy power module. s (t), which is also the fluctuation that the renewable energy power module needs to absorb.

4. The zero-carbon integrated energy application system for hydrogen-ammonia preparation based on offshore renewable energy power according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step S23, P s (t) is obtained by superposing a series of power components corresponding to different frequency intervals, which is also the power fluctuation component that the renewable energy power module needs to absorb, P s (t) The input power of the offshore energy platform module is obtained by amplitude detection calculation and superposition of a part of the positive power component.

5. The zero-carbon integrated energy application system for hydrogen-ammonia preparation based on offshore renewable energy power according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent control module in the offshore energy platform module optimizes the power capacity configuration in the following way: Step 1: Using the IWOA algorithm, first set the size of the whale population to N p , then the initial population X=[x1,x2,···x Np ], maximum number of iterations t max , initialize A, C, a values, where A and C are random parameters and a is a control parameter; Step 2: Calculate the fitness value of each individual {f(Xi), i = 1, 2, ···, Np}, and record the current optimal individual and position X best ; Step 3: Calculate the convergence factor a according to Formula 1, and then update the A and C values ​​according to Formula 2 and Formula 3; Where r is a random number in [0,1]; Step 4: Perform random differential mutation perturbation on the best individual in the current group, and update the current whale individual position according to Formula 4; X t+1 =r×(X best -X t )+r×(X rand -X t ) Formula 4; Where X rand is a random whale individual; Step 5: Determine whether the number of iterations t reaches the maximum value t max If the maximum number of iterations is reached, the fitness value of the best solution is output, otherwise return to step 3 to continue execution.

6. The zero-carbon integrated energy application system for hydrogen-ammonia preparation based on offshore renewable energy power according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ammonia synthesis device specifically includes a compressor, an ammonia synthesis tower, a waste heat boiler, a heat exchanger, a deoxygenated water preheater, a water cooler, an aftercooler, a condenser, a circulating machine, an ammonia separator, a first ammonia cooler, a second ammonia cooler, a primary flash tank, a secondary flash tank and an absorption tower, wherein the feed port of the compressor is connected to the hydrogen outlet and the fresh air pipeline of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device through pipelines, the outlet of the compressor is connected to the air inlet of the ammonia synthesis tower, the discharge port of the ammonia synthesis tower is connected to the air inlet of the waste heat boiler, the discharge port of the waste heat boiler is connected to the feed port of the heat exchanger through a pipeline, the discharge port of the heat exchanger is connected to the feed port of the deoxygenated water preheater, the discharge port of the deoxygenated water preheater is connected to the feed port of the water cooler, the discharge port of the water cooler is connected to the feed port of the aftercooler, the discharge port of the aftercooler is connected to the first feed port of the condenser, and the The first discharge port of the condenser is connected to the feed port of the circulation machine, the discharge port of the circulation machine is connected to the feed port of the compressor through a pipeline, the second discharge port of the condenser is connected to the feed port of the primary flash tank through a pipeline, the third discharge port of the condenser is connected to the feed port of the first ammonia cooler, the discharge port of the first ammonia cooler is connected to the feed port of the second ammonia cooler, the discharge port of the second ammonia cooler is connected to the feed port of the ammonia separator, the first discharge port of the ammonia separator is connected to the second feed port of the condenser, the second discharge port of the ammonia separator is connected to the feed port of the primary flash tank, the gas outlet of the primary flash tank is connected to the feed port of the compressor through a pipeline, the liquid outlet of the primary flash tank is connected to the feed port of the secondary flash tank through a pipeline, the liquid outlet of the secondary flash tank is connected to the green ammonia storage tank, and the gas outlet of the secondary flash tank is connected to the absorption tower.

7. The zero-carbon integrated energy application system for hydrogen-ammonia preparation based on offshore renewable energy power according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ammonia synthesis device performs ammonia synthesis in the following manner: the hydrogen generated by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device, fresh air and unreacted gas are transported to the compressor for mixing, and then transported to the ammonia synthesis tower for hydrogen and ammonia synthesis. After the reaction in the ammonia synthesis tower, the high-temperature mixed gas is obtained and enters the waste heat boiler for waste heat recovery and by-product steam. The temperature of the gas after the reaction is reduced to 190°C, and then it comes out from the upper part of the waste heat boiler and enters the heat exchanger. After the gas enters the upper heat exchanger tube and the gas between the tubes from the top of the heat exchanger for heat exchange, the gas temperature is reduced to about 90°C and comes out from the bottom, and then enters the water cooler, low in and high out. The temperature of the gas coming out of the water cooling drops to about 20℃, and then enters the aftercooler to further reduce the gas temperature to about 10℃, so that the gaseous ammonia in the gas is cooled into mist-like liquid ammonia, and then enters the condenser, and enters the upper heat exchanger tube and the cold gas from the ammonia separator in the tube from the upper side of the condenser for heat exchange. After the gas temperature drops to about 1℃, it enters the cyclone separator at the bottom of the condenser for the first liquid ammonia separation, so that most of the liquid ammonia in the gas is separated. The separated gas and a small amount of liquid ammonia go up from the annular gap between the inner part and the outer cylinder to the upper side and come out. The gas will be vented before entering the first ammonia cooler The vented gas enters the first ammonia cooler and then the second ammonia cooler to reduce the gas temperature to about -10℃, and then re-enters the condenser as a refrigerant. The liquid ammonia separated by the second ammonia cooler and the condenser is depressurized to 5.1MPa and then enters the first flash tank. Most of the hydrogen and nitrogen flashed out are directly returned to the fresh gas pipeline and enter the compressor. The liquid ammonia out of the first flash tank enters the second flash tank again. The second flash pressure is 2.5MPa. The flash gas is absorbed by the absorption tower and then sent to the boiler system for combustion. The ammonia water is sent to the boiler flue gas desulfurization system. The liquid ammonia out of the second flash tank is sent to the green ammonia storage tank for storage.

8. The zero-carbon integrated energy application system for hydrogen-ammonia preparation based on offshore renewable energy power according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ammonia hydrogen fuel cell powered ship comprises a hull, an ammonia storage module, an ammonia hydrogen production module, a hydrogen supply module, and a hydrogen fuel cell, wherein the ammonia storage module comprises a green ammonia storage tank, a monitoring system, and an emergency exhaust system, the interior of the green ammonia storage tank is kept at room temperature, when filling ammonia fuel, the internal pressure is adjusted by the inlet control valve on the green ammonia storage tank to keep it within a safe range at all times, when using ammonia fuel, the outlet pressure can be adjusted by the outlet control valve on the green ammonia storage tank; the ammonia hydrogen production module comprises an ammonia decomposition furnace and a gas separation device, the ammonia decomposition furnace adopts a high-temperature electric heating decomposition method to produce ammonia, and then the reaction mixture is The gas is injected into the gas separation device, which separates the ammonia that has not had time to react in the mixed gas, reintroduces it into the ammonia decomposition furnace for reaction, discharges the nitrogen into the air, and introduces the hydrogen into the hydrogen supply module; the hydrogen supply module includes a hydrogen processing device and a monitoring device, the hydrogen processing device purifies, dries and other treatments the hydrogen produced by the ammonia hydrogen production module to generate hydrogen that meets the purity, pressure and temperature requirements of the hydrogen fuel cell, and the monitoring device is used to monitor in real time whether the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen processing device meets the purity, pressure and temperature requirements of the hydrogen fuel cell; the hydrogen fuel cell is used to provide power to the hull.

9. The zero-carbon integrated energy application system for hydrogen-ammonia preparation based on offshore renewable energy power according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station comprises an ammonia cracking reactor, a separation device, a hydrogen purification device, a compression device and a filling device. Liquid ammonia is cracked by a high-temperature catalyst or an electrocatalytic cracking device to generate hydrogen and nitrogen. The separation device and the hydrogen purification device separate the unconverted ammonia for reuse. The purified hydrogen is compressed by a compressor to a certain pressure and then filled into vehicles using a filling device or used for combustion in fuel cells for power generation.

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