A backflow prevention and control power supply for new energy vehicles

Abstract

The present invention discloses a backflow prevention and control power supply for new energy vehicles, belonging to the field of power supply control technology. In order to solve the problem of current backflow in the process that the power supply of new energy vehicles needs to be charged and discharged: the voltage slope of the charging and discharging and power-on of the power supply of new energy vehicles is controlled, and the working mode of the power supply of new energy vehicles is dynamically adjusted according to the state of the power management system and external conditions; the backflow current of the energy storage capacitor of the rear stage of the power supply of new energy vehicles is blocked, and safety measures such as overvoltage protection, self-oscillation prevention, and short-circuit protection are provided, and different power supply paths are isolated to prevent current backflow, ensuring the safety and stability of the power supply of new energy vehicles; ensuring that the power supply of new energy vehicles can meet the predetermined performance indicators during the design and operation process, and providing data support for the optimization and fault diagnosis of the power supply of new energy vehicles through real-time monitoring, realizing the steps of controlling the entire current charging and discharging through the power management system, and preventing current backflow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power supply control, and in particular to a backflow prevention measurement and control power supply for new energy vehicles. Background Art

[0002] As the power of power supply equipment in the new energy field continues to rise, the requirements for the performance of power supply equipment are also increasing. Especially in the testing of power batteries and automotive electric motors, the need to prevent current backflow has become increasingly prominent. This is because power batteries and automotive engines are both bidirectional devices, which can be used as both power consumption devices and power supply devices. When they are power consumption devices, they need to draw power from an external power source; when they are power supply devices, they can feed back the stored or generated power to the power grid or connected devices. This bidirectional function means that if there is no appropriate control measure during the flow of power, the current may flow in the opposite direction, that is, the phenomenon of current backflow.

[0003] Current backflow not only reduces system efficiency, but can also damage equipment and even cause safety issues. Therefore, the demand for current backflow prevention technology that can handle ultra-high power DC power supply equipment is increasing, and the power is growing rapidly. Currently, many anti-backflow solutions rely on components such as diodes, which produce voltage drops when turned on, thereby reducing overall efficiency.

[0004] The above defects deserve improvement. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a backflow prevention measurement and control power supply for new energy vehicles to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a backflow prevention measurement and control power supply for new energy vehicles, comprising:

[0007] Power management and control unit for:

[0008] Control the charging and discharging of the new energy vehicle power supply and the voltage slope when it is powered on, and dynamically adjust the working mode of the new energy vehicle power supply according to the power management system status and external conditions;

[0009] Backflow prevention and protection unit, used for:

[0010] Block the reverse current of the energy storage capacitor at the rear stage of the new energy vehicle power supply, provide safety measures such as overvoltage protection, self-oscillation prevention, and short-circuit protection, and isolate different power supply paths to prevent current backflow, thus ensuring the safety and stability of the new energy vehicle power supply;

[0011] Testing and monitoring unit for:

[0012] Ensure that the new energy vehicle power supply can meet the predetermined performance indicators during the design and operation process, and provide data support for the optimization and fault diagnosis of the new energy vehicle power supply through real-time monitoring.

[0013] Furthermore, the power management and control unit includes:

[0014] Input power charging and discharging module, used to: control the charging and discharging of new energy vehicle power supply, including controlling the charging current and discharging path;

[0015] The voltage slope control module is used to control the voltage slope when the new energy vehicle power supply is powered on to prevent the voltage from rising too fast and causing current shock to the circuit and load;

[0016] The energy management decision module is used to dynamically adjust the working mode of the power management system according to the working status and external conditions of the new energy vehicle power supply to optimize system performance.

[0017] Furthermore, the backflow prevention and protection unit includes:

[0018] The threshold voltage control module is used to: block the backflow of current from the back-stage energy storage capacitor to the front-end circuit when the circuit is powered off, ensuring that the power management system can be shut down quickly;

[0019] Auxiliary function circuit module, used to: provide additional protection and stability measures, including voltage protection and prevention of self-oscillation;

[0020] The protection and isolation module is used to provide protection for the power supply of new energy vehicles, including short-circuit protection, overcurrent protection, and isolation of different power supply paths to prevent current backflow.

[0021] Furthermore, the testing and monitoring unit includes:

[0022] Performance test module, used to test various performances of new energy vehicle power supply, including but not limited to conversion efficiency, response time, output voltage and current stability, and evaluate the performance of power management system under various conditions by simulating different working conditions and load conditions;

[0023] The real-time monitoring module is used to: display and monitor the working status of the power management system, including voltage, current, temperature detection, as well as abnormal detection and alarm of new energy vehicle batteries.

[0024] Furthermore, the performance testing module includes:

[0025] Conduct static and dynamic tests on new energy vehicle power supplies to verify whether the power management system meets the design specifications;

[0026] Measure the output voltage and current of the circuit through test equipment such as electronic load and oscilloscope to ensure stable performance under different loads;

[0027] Test the response time of the power management system to ensure that the power management system can respond quickly to load changes and external condition changes;

[0028] Evaluate the long-term stability and reliability of the power management system and predict the service life of the power management system through long-term stability testing.

[0029] Real-time collection of key parameters during the operation of the power system and display to the user through the interface, among which the key parameters include input and output voltage, current, and power;

[0030] Monitor the temperature changes of the system to ensure that the power system operates within a safe temperature range and prevent damage caused by overheating;

[0031] Detect system anomalies and provide alarm signals when abnormal conditions are detected so that timely measures can be taken. System anomalies include overvoltage, undervoltage and overcurrent;

[0032] Record and store monitoring data to provide historical data support for system maintenance and fault analysis.

[0033] Furthermore, the voltage slope control module includes:

[0034] Real-time regulation of the gate-source voltage of the MOSFET to control the voltage slope when the power supply is powered on, and to prevent current shock caused by too fast a voltage rise;

[0035] Select charging resistors to limit charging current, slow down voltage rise, and ensure that voltage slope is within a safe range;

[0036] Manage the charging process of capacitors, ensuring that the capacitors store energy safely and stably by controlling the charging current and voltage.

[0037] Furthermore, the voltage slope control module also includes:

[0038] The output voltage is monitored through a voltage feedback loop to ensure that the voltage rise rate meets the predetermined slope, and the charging strategy is adjusted when necessary, where "necessary" means that the voltage feedback loop monitors that the output voltage rise rate is inconsistent with the predetermined slope, or there is a deviation from the predetermined charging strategy;

[0039] Before the circuit is powered on, the power management system first checks the initial status, including checking whether all circuit connections are correct and whether the MOSFET is in the off state.

[0040] Furthermore, the real-time adjustment of the gate-source voltage of the MOSFET to control the voltage slope when the power supply is powered on includes:

[0041] According to the working conditions and performance requirements of the circuit, the application requirements are obtained, and the target value of the conduction degree of the MOSFET is set according to the application requirements, wherein the working conditions and performance requirements of the circuit include the required voltage, current range and switching speed;

[0042] Select a suitable MOSFET based on the target value of the conduction degree and circuit parameters, and consider its maximum current carrying capacity, on-resistance (Rds(on)) and voltage level to obtain comprehensive parameters;

[0043] Design the MOSFET drive circuit to ensure that it can provide sufficient gate-source voltage (Vgs) to control the conduction degree of the MOSFET, and select a suitable driver IC or use discrete components to build the drive circuit;

[0044] Design a voltage feedback loop, use a precise voltage sampling circuit to monitor the gate-source voltage of the MOSFET, and use an operational amplifier to build a feedback loop to accurately control the conduction degree of the MOSFET.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0046] 1. By controlling the voltage slope when the power supply is powered on, it is possible to prevent the back-flow current from the back-flowing current of the back-flowing current to the front-end circuit when the power is off, thus avoiding possible circuit damage and potential safety hazards, ensuring the stability of the power supply system during hot plugging or fast power-on, avoiding system jitter or restart caused by back-flowing current, and reducing the additional thermal stress and voltage stress caused by back-flowing current, thereby extending the service life of key components in the power supply system, over-blocking the back-flowing current, reducing the system failure rate, and improving the reliability and stability of the entire power supply system.

[0047] 2. By preventing the backflow of current during the charging and discharging process of the new energy vehicle power supply, it is possible to prevent the backflow of current from the rear-stage energy storage element to the front-end circuit when the power is off, avoid possible circuit damage and safety hazards, ensure the stability of the power system during hot plugging or fast power-on, avoid system jitter or restart caused by backflow current, reduce the additional thermal stress and voltage stress caused by backflow current, thereby extending the service life of key components in the power system, reducing the system failure rate by blocking the backflow current, and improving the reliability and stability of the entire power system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the module principle of the anti-backflow measurement and control power supply for new energy vehicles according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] See also Figure 1 , the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0051] A backflow prevention measurement and control power supply for new energy vehicles, comprising:

[0052] Power management and control unit for:

[0053] Control the charging and discharging of the new energy vehicle power supply and the voltage slope when it is powered on, and dynamically adjust the working mode of the new energy vehicle power supply according to the power management system status and external conditions;

[0054] Backflow prevention and protection unit, used for:

[0055] Block the reverse current of the energy storage capacitor at the rear stage of the new energy vehicle power supply, provide safety measures such as overvoltage protection, self-oscillation prevention, and short-circuit protection, and isolate different power supply paths to prevent current backflow, thus ensuring the safety and stability of the new energy vehicle power supply;

[0056] Testing and monitoring unit for:

[0057] Ensure that the new energy vehicle power supply can meet the predetermined performance indicators during the design and operation process, and provide data support for the optimization and fault diagnosis of the new energy vehicle power supply through real-time monitoring.

[0058] In this embodiment, in the new energy vehicle power supply, the reverse current, also known as current backflow, may cause the following hazards:

[0059] Damage to power supply equipment: When the external voltage is higher than the power supply output voltage, the power supply equipment may be damaged. For example, in a DC charging pile, if the 24V voltage flows back to the 12V switching power supply output terminal, the 12V switching power supply may be damaged;

[0060] Impact on the normal operation of the system: Current backflow may cause the power supply output voltage to shut down or hiccup, and the output voltage cannot be established normally, affecting the normal operation of the power supply and the system;

[0061] Triggering overvoltage protection: In some cases, the induced voltage may trigger the overvoltage protection function of the product, causing the product output voltage to shut down or hiccup, affecting the normal establishment of the output voltage.

[0062] Furthermore, for cells that do not have a single-cell fuse function, current backflow may cause thermal runaway when a short circuit occurs in the cell.

[0063] In this embodiment, the voltage slope generally refers to the rate at which the voltage changes over time, that is, the ratio of the voltage change to the time change. Mathematically, the voltage slope can be understood as the derivative of the voltage with respect to time, which is very important when analyzing the transient response and dynamic characteristics of the circuit.

[0064] Power management and control unit, including:

[0065] Input power charging and discharging module, used to: control the charging and discharging of new energy vehicle power supply, including controlling the charging current and discharging path;

[0066] The voltage slope control module is used to control the voltage slope of the power management system when it is powered on, so as to prevent the voltage from rising too fast and causing current shock to the circuit and load;

[0067] The energy management decision module is used to dynamically adjust the working mode of the power management system according to the working status of the new energy battery and external conditions to optimize system performance.

[0068] In this embodiment, the discharge path refers to the complete circuit path of the current flowing from the power supply through the conductor to the load and finally back to the power supply, which includes the starting point, path and end point of the current flow, ensuring the effective transmission and distribution of energy in the circuit.

[0069] Backflow prevention and protection unit, including:

[0070] The threshold voltage control module is used to: block the backflow current from the rear-stage energy storage capacitor to the front-end circuit when the circuit is powered off, ensuring that the system can be shut down quickly;.

[0071] Auxiliary function circuit module, used to: provide additional protection and stability measures, including voltage protection and prevention of self-oscillation;

[0072] The protection and isolation module is used to provide protection for the power management system, including short-circuit protection, over-current protection, and isolation of different power paths to prevent current backflow.

[0073] Furthermore, self-oscillation refers to the phenomenon that a circuit or mechanical system spontaneously generates and maintains periodic oscillations due to the positive feedback effect within the system in the absence of external periodic signal input.

[0074] Furthermore, overcurrent protection refers to a circuit protection mechanism that detects and limits current that exceeds a set threshold. When the current in the circuit exceeds a predetermined maximum value, the overcurrent protection device will operate to protect the safety of circuit components and systems, and prevent problems such as component damage, safety risks, and unstable system operation caused by excessive current.

[0075] Testing and monitoring unit, including:

[0076] Performance test module, used to: test various performances of the power system, including but not limited to conversion efficiency, response time, output voltage and current stability, and evaluate the performance of the power management system under various conditions by simulating different working conditions and load conditions;

[0077] The real-time monitoring module is used to: monitor the working status of the power supply system during display, including the detection of key parameters such as voltage, current, temperature, and abnormal detection and alarm of the power supply management system.

[0078] Furthermore, the performance testing module includes:

[0079] Conduct static and dynamic tests on the power management system to verify whether the power management system meets the design specifications;

[0080] Measure the output voltage and current of the circuit through test equipment such as electronic load and oscilloscope to ensure stable performance under different loads;

[0081] Test the response time of the power management system to ensure that the power management system can respond quickly to load changes and external condition changes;

[0082] Evaluate the long-term stability and reliability of the power management system and predict the service life of the power management system through long-term stability testing.

[0083] Furthermore, the real-time monitoring module includes:

[0084] Real-time collection of key parameters during the operation of the power system, such as input and output voltage, current, power, etc., and display to the user through the interface:

[0085] Monitor the temperature changes of the system to ensure that the power system operates within a safe temperature range and prevent damage caused by overheating;

[0086] Detect system anomalies, such as overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent, etc., and provide alarm signals when abnormal conditions are detected so that timely measures can be taken;

[0087] Record and store monitoring data to provide historical data support for system maintenance and fault analysis.

[0088] Furthermore, the voltage slope control module includes:

[0089] Real-time regulation of the gate-source voltage of the MOSFET to control the voltage slope when the power supply is powered on, and to prevent current shock caused by too fast a voltage rise;

[0090] Select appropriate charging resistors to limit charging current, slow down voltage rise, and ensure that the voltage slope is within a safe range;

[0091] Manage the charging process of capacitors, ensuring that the capacitors store energy safely and stably by controlling the charging current and voltage.

[0092] Furthermore, the voltage slope control module also includes:

[0093] Monitor the output voltage through the voltage feedback loop to ensure that the voltage rise rate meets the predetermined slope and adjust the charging strategy when necessary;

[0094] Before the circuit is powered on, the power management system first checks the initial status, including checking whether all circuit connections are correct and whether the MOSFET is in the off state.

[0095] Furthermore, the real-time adjustment of the gate-source voltage of the MOSFET to control the voltage slope when the power supply is powered on includes:

[0096] Based on the operating conditions and performance requirements of the circuit, including the required voltage, current range, and switching speed, the application requirements are obtained, and the target value of the MOSFET conduction degree is set according to the application requirements;

[0097] Select a suitable MOSFET based on the target value of the conduction degree and circuit parameters, and consider its maximum current carrying capacity, on-resistance (Rds(on)) and voltage level to obtain comprehensive parameters;

[0098] Design the MOSFET drive circuit to ensure that it can provide sufficient gate-source voltage (Vgs) to control the conduction degree of the MOSFET, and select a suitable driver IC or use discrete components (such as transistors, operational amplifiers) to build the drive circuit;

[0099] Design a voltage feedback loop, use a precise voltage sampling circuit to monitor the gate-source voltage of the MOSFET, and use an operational amplifier to build a feedback loop to achieve precise control of the gate-source voltage and thus precisely control the conduction degree of the MOSFET.

[0100] In this embodiment, the MOSFET driving circuit refers to a circuit for controlling the gate voltage of a MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor) to ensure that the MOSFET can be effectively turned on and off according to the requirements of the control signal. The main function of this driving circuit is to amplify the low voltage or low current signal from the microcontroller or other control source so that it can provide sufficient gate-source voltage (VGS) and gate charge to drive the MOSFET to perform high-speed switching operations. The design of the MOSFET driving circuit needs to meet the requirements of increasing driving capability, reducing conduction loss, and increasing switching speed to ensure that the MOSFET can respond to the control signal quickly while reducing energy loss and improving efficiency. In short, the MOSFET driving circuit is an indispensable part of the normal operation of the MOSFET, which directly affects the switching performance of the MOSFET and the stability of the entire system.

[0101] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: by preventing current backflow during the charging and discharging process of the new energy vehicle power supply, it is possible to prevent the rear-stage energy storage element from backflowing current to the front-end circuit when the power is off, avoid possible circuit damage and safety hazards, ensure the stability of the power supply system during hot plugging or fast power-on, avoid system jitter or restart caused by backflow current, reduce additional thermal stress and voltage stress caused by backflow current, thereby extending the service life of key components in the power supply system, and reduce the system failure rate by blocking the backflow current, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the entire power supply system.

[0102] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A backflow prevention measurement and control power supply for new energy vehicles, characterized in that: include: Power management and control unit for: Control the charging and discharging of the new energy vehicle power supply and the voltage slope when it is powered on, and dynamically adjust the working mode of the new energy vehicle power supply according to the power management system status and external conditions; Backflow prevention and protection unit, used for: Block the reverse current of the energy storage capacitor at the rear stage of the new energy vehicle power supply, provide safety measures such as overvoltage protection, self-oscillation prevention, and short-circuit protection, and isolate different power supply paths to prevent current backflow, ensuring the safety and stability of the new energy vehicle power supply; Testing and monitoring unit for: Ensure that the new energy vehicle power supply can meet the predetermined performance indicators during the design and operation process, and provide data support for the optimization and fault diagnosis of the new energy vehicle power supply through real-time monitoring.

2. The anti-backflow measurement and control power supply for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power management and control unit comprises: Input power charging and discharging module, used to: control the charging and discharging of new energy vehicle power supply, including controlling the charging current and discharging path; The voltage slope control module is used to control the voltage slope when the new energy vehicle power supply is powered on to prevent the voltage from rising too fast and causing current shock to the circuit and load; The energy management decision module is used to dynamically adjust the working mode of the power management system according to the working status and external conditions of the new energy vehicle power supply to optimize system performance.

3. The anti-backflow measurement and control power supply for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The backflow prevention and protection unit comprises: The threshold voltage control module is used to: block the backflow of current from the back-stage energy storage capacitor to the front-end circuit when the circuit is powered off, ensuring that the power management system can be shut down quickly; Auxiliary function circuit module, used to: provide additional protection and stability measures, including voltage protection and prevention of self-oscillation; The protection and isolation module is used to provide protection for the power supply of new energy vehicles, including short-circuit protection, overcurrent protection, and isolation of different power supply paths to prevent current backflow.

4. The anti-backflow measurement and control power supply for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The testing and monitoring unit comprises: Performance test module, used to test various performances of new energy vehicle power supply, including but not limited to conversion efficiency, response time, output voltage and current stability, and evaluate the performance of power management system under various conditions by simulating different working conditions and load conditions; The real-time monitoring module is used to: display and monitor the working status of the power management system, including voltage, current, temperature detection, as well as abnormal detection and alarm of new energy vehicle batteries.

5. The anti-backflow measurement and control power supply for new energy vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The performance testing module includes: Conduct static and dynamic tests on new energy vehicle power supplies to verify whether the power management system meets the design specifications; Measure the output voltage and current of the circuit through test equipment such as electronic load and oscilloscope to ensure stable performance under different loads; Test the response time of the power management system to ensure that the power management system can respond quickly to load changes and external condition changes; Evaluate the long-term stability and reliability of the power management system and predict the service life of the power management system through long-term stability testing.

6. The anti-backflow measurement and control power supply for new energy vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The real-time monitoring module comprises: Real-time collection of key parameters during the operation of the power system and display to the user through the interface, among which the key parameters include input and output voltage, current, and power; Monitor the temperature changes of the system to ensure that the power system operates within a safe temperature range and prevent damage caused by overheating; Detect system anomalies and provide alarm signals when abnormal conditions are detected so that timely measures can be taken. System anomalies include overvoltage, undervoltage and overcurrent; Record and store monitoring data to provide historical data support for system maintenance and fault analysis.

7. The anti-backflow measurement and control power supply for new energy vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The voltage slope control module comprises: Real-time regulation of the gate-source voltage of the MOSFET to control the voltage slope when the power supply is powered on, and to prevent current shock caused by too fast a voltage rise; Select charging resistors to limit charging current, slow down voltage rise, and ensure that voltage slope is within a safe range; Manage the charging process of capacitors, ensuring that the capacitors store energy safely and stably by controlling the charging current and voltage.

8. The anti-backflow measurement and control power supply for new energy vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The voltage slope control module also includes: The output voltage is monitored through a voltage feedback loop to ensure that the voltage rise rate meets the predetermined slope, and the charging strategy is adjusted when necessary, where "necessary" means that the voltage feedback loop monitors that the output voltage rise rate is inconsistent with the predetermined slope, or there is a deviation from the predetermined charging strategy; Before the circuit is powered on, the power management system first checks the initial status, including checking whether all circuit connections are correct and whether the MOSFET is in the off state.

9. The anti-backflow measurement and control power supply for new energy vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that: The real-time regulation of the gate-source voltage of the MOSFET to control the voltage slope when the power supply is powered on includes: According to the working conditions and performance requirements of the circuit, the application requirements are obtained, and the target value of the conduction degree of the MOSFET is set according to the application requirements, wherein the working conditions and performance requirements of the circuit include the required voltage, current range and switching speed; Select a suitable MOSFET based on the target value of the conduction degree and circuit parameters, and consider its maximum current carrying capacity, on-resistance (Rds(on)) and voltage level to obtain comprehensive parameters; Design the MOSFET drive circuit to ensure that it can provide sufficient gate-source voltage (Vgs) to control the conduction degree of the MOSFET, and select a suitable driver IC or use discrete components to build the drive circuit; Design a voltage feedback loop, use a precise voltage sampling circuit to monitor the gate-source voltage of the MOSFET, and use an operational amplifier to build a feedback loop to accurately control the conduction degree of the MOSFET.

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