Control detection circuit capable of monitoring charging state of super capacitor in real time and implementation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a control detection circuit capable of monitoring the charging state of a super capacitor in real time and an implementation method, and belongs to the technical field of industrial control, a power supply circuit completes voltage reduction conversion, and the voltage is converted into the voltage required by a current power detection circuit, a super capacitor output control circuit, a core control circuit and the super capacitor output control circuit; after the core control circuit is started, initialization operation is executed firstly, meanwhile, the current power detection circuit reads a voltage value and a current value of a detected circuit, calculates a power value and transmits the current value and the power value to the core control circuit, and the core control circuit obtains the current value and the power value. The core control circuit carries out comparative analysis according to pre-programmed parameters, the obtained data current value and the obtained data power value, and judges whether the follow-up circuit power supply requirement is met or not; if the follow-up circuit requirements are met, the core control circuit controls the super-capacitor output control circuit, and the super-capacitor is connected to an external circuit to supply power to the external circuit; and the power supply stability of a subsequent circuit is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of industrial control technology, and in particular relates to a control detection circuit capable of monitoring the charging state of a super capacitor in real time and an implementation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Subway is a type of urban rail transit line system, which refers to fast, large-capacity, electric-powered rail transit built in the city. Trains run on fully enclosed lines. Lines in the central urban area are basically located in underground tunnels, and lines outside the central urban area are generally located on viaducts or on the ground. Subway is a high-density, high-capacity urban rail transit system that covers all kinds of underground and ground road rights in urban areas. With the advancement of science and technology and the development of the times. The functions of special equipment are becoming more and more complex, and the requirements for product reliability and stability are also increasing. As the key equipment for driver communication and command signal transmission and reception, the reliability and stability of communication and signal equipment are particularly important. At critical moments, the equipment can maintain stable operation, so that when the emergency battery is switched and the vehicle loses power illegally, the equipment will not be affected by the power failure and shut down normally.

[0003] At present, most of the communication and signal-specific equipment do not have the function of resisting illegal power failure and reporting power failure information. Frequent illegal power failure of key equipment will cause equipment failure and damage. In addition, the few equipment with this function, such as the patent "CN212649155U supercapacitor module power management circuit", uses the charging time as the basis for judgment. As time accumulates, the equipment ages, and the original charging time will not be able to meet the power supply demand, resulting in the failure of the supercapacitor function and the inability to protect key equipment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology for real-time state detection of supercapacitors, the present invention provides a control detection circuit and implementation method for real-time monitoring of the charging state of supercapacitors. The present invention is suitable for circuits with a power supply voltage of 4-23V and an output voltage of 0-26V. The input voltage is converted into the voltage required by the control circuit through a step-down chip, and magnetic beads and capacitors are added for filtering to ensure the stable operation of the control circuit. At the same time, the MOS tube of the supercapacitor uses a high-voltage and impact-resistant MOS tube to ensure the stability of power supply for subsequent circuits.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a control detection circuit capable of real-time monitoring of the charging state of a supercapacitor, comprising a power supply circuit, a current power detection circuit, a supercapacitor output control circuit, and a core control circuit; The core control circuit is connected to the current power detection circuit and the super capacitor output control circuit respectively. The power supply circuit is respectively connected to the current power detection circuit, the super capacitor output control circuit, and the core control circuit; The power supply circuit is used to supply power to the current power detection circuit, the supercapacitor output control circuit, and the core control circuit to provide the required voltage; The current and power detection circuit is used to detect the current and power of the external output circuit and determine the output state; The supercapacitor output control circuit is used to control the supercapacitor output; The core control circuit is used to control the supercapacitor output control circuit according to the data detected by the current power detection circuit.

[0006] A method for implementing a control detection circuit that can monitor the charging state of a supercapacitor in real time, the working process is as follows: In the first step, the power supply circuit completes the pressure reduction conversion and converts it into the voltage required by the current power detection circuit, the supercapacitor output control circuit, the core control circuit, and the supercapacitor output control circuit; In the second step, after the core control circuit is started, the initialization operation is first performed. At the same time, the current power detection circuit reads the voltage value and current value of the circuit under test, calculates the power value through the formula P=U×I, and transmits the current value and power value to the core control circuit through the IIC data line, where P is power, U is voltage, and I is current; In the third step, the core control circuit communicates with the current power detection circuit through the IIC data line to obtain the current value and power value; In the fourth step, the core control circuit compares and analyzes the pre-programmed parameters with the acquired data current value and power value to determine whether they meet the power supply requirements of the subsequent circuits. If they meet, proceed to the next step. If not, re-read the data current value and power value every 1S for judgment; Step 5. If the subsequent circuit requirements are met, the core control circuit controls the supercapacitor output control circuit, connects the supercapacitor to the external circuit, and supplies power to the external circuit.

[0007] The voltage value parameter range of the circuit under test in the current power detection circuit is 0-26V.

[0008] The technical effects of the present invention are: solving the damage to key communication and signal equipment caused by illegal power failure, protecting the equipment, extending the service life of the equipment, and improving product stability; at the same time, solving the problem that the previous generation of products simply controlled the supercapacitor by controlling the charging time, and the charging time could not meet the power supply demand after long-term use, resulting in the failure of the supercapacitor function and the inability to protect key equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] The following is a brief explanation of the contents and symbols in the drawings of this specification: Figure 1 A circuit connection block diagram for implementing the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a power supply circuit of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a current power detection circuit of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the supercapacitor output control circuit of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the core control circuit of the present invention; Figure 6 A flowchart of a method for implementing the present invention; Figure 7 A circuit connection block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] like Figure 1 As shown, a control detection circuit capable of real-time monitoring of the charging state of a supercapacitor includes a power supply circuit, a current power detection circuit, a supercapacitor output control circuit, and a core control circuit; The current power detection circuit monitors the shunt voltage drop and bus power supply voltage, and directly reads the voltage and current values ​​of the measured circuit according to the programmable calibration value combined with the internal multiplier. The power can be calculated by adding a multiplication register. The calculation formula is P=U×I, where P is power, U is voltage, and I is current. The current value and power value are transmitted to the microcontroller through the IIC data line to determine whether the charging state of the supercapacitor meets the use requirements; the voltage value parameter range of the measured circuit in the current power detection circuit is 0-26V.

[0011] The core control circuit obtains the current value and power value from the current power detection circuit through the IIC data line, and determines whether the conditions for powering the subsequent circuit are met, thereby controlling whether the supercapacitor outputs and realizing real-time detection and control of the supercapacitor charging status; the core control circuit has a sensitivity adjustment mechanism, and the user can adjust it through serial port data communication according to actual needs, thereby realizing the detection of the supercapacitor charging status by detecting the voltage, current and power of the circuit under test.

[0012] The supercapacitor output control circuit is used to control whether the supercapacitor outputs. When the charging state meets the use requirements, the supercapacitor is controlled to supply power to the subsequent circuits, otherwise it is disabled.

[0013] like Figure 2As shown, the specific circuit of the power supply circuit is that pin 1 of the buck chip U2 is connected to pin 3 of the buck chip U2 and one end of the inductor L1 through capacitor C3, the other end of the inductor L1 is respectively connected to resistor R8, capacitor C4, one end of capacitor C5 and power supply +3.3V, the other end of resistor R8 is respectively connected to pin 5 of the buck chip U2 and one end of resistor R10 through resistor R9, pin 2 of the buck chip U2 is respectively connected to resistor R7, capacitor C6, one end of capacitor C7 and power supply DC_12V, the other end of resistor R7 is connected to pin 7 of the buck chip U2, the other ends of resistor R10, capacitor C4, capacitor C5, capacitor C6, capacitor C7 and pin 4 and pin 9 of the buck chip U2 are respectively connected to GND, and pin 8 of the buck chip U2 is connected to GND through capacitor C8; the model of the buck chip U2 is FR9888.

[0014] like Figure 3 As shown, the specific circuit of the current power detection circuit is that pin 1 of the current / power monitor U1 is connected to GND through a resistor R3, pin 2 of the current / power monitor U1 is connected to a power supply +3.3V through a resistor R4, pin 3 of the current / power monitor U1 is connected to pin 17 of the core control circuit single chip U3, pin 4 of the current / power monitor U1 is connected to pin 1 of the core control circuit single chip U3, pin 5 of the current / power monitor U1 is connected to one end of a capacitor C2 and a power supply +3.3V, and the other end of the capacitor C2 and pin 6 of the current / power monitor U1 are respectively connected to GND; pin 7 of the current / power monitor U1 is connected to one end of the resistor R1 and pin 8 of the current / power monitor U1 through a capacitor C1, and pin 8 of the current / power monitor U1 is connected to the resistor R2 of the super capacitor output control circuit and pins 1, 2, and 3 of the MOS tube Q1 through a resistor R1; the model of the current / power monitor U1 is INA219AIDR.

[0015] like Figure 4 As shown, the specific circuit of the supercapacitor output control circuit is that pins 1, 2, and 3 of the MOS tube Q1 are connected to one end of the resistor R2 and pin 7 of the current / power monitor U1, pin 4 of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R2 and pin 3 of the MOS tube Q2, pin 1 of the MOS tube Q2 is connected to one end of the resistor R5 and the resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to the core control circuit via pin 10 of the microcontroller U3, the other end of the resistor R6 and pin 2 of the MOS tube Q2 are connected to GND, and pins 5, 6, 7, and 8 of the MOS tube Q1 are connected to the external interface DC_SUPER_CAP_OUT_B_MOS; the model of the MOS tube Q1 is IRF7240PBF.

[0016] like Figure 5As shown, the specific circuit of the core control circuit is that pin 1 of the single-chip microcomputer U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R12 and pin 4 of the current / power monitor U1, the other end of the resistor R12 is connected to the resistor R11, the resistor R14, the capacitor C11, the capacitor C12, one end of the magnetic bead FB1, and pin 5 of the single-chip microcomputer U3, the other ends of the capacitors C11 and C12 are connected to GND, the other end of the magnetic bead FB1 is connected to the power supply +3.3V, the pin 2 of the single-chip microcomputer U3 is connected to one end of the capacitor C9 and pin 3 of the crystal oscillator Y1, the other end of the capacitor C9 is connected to GND, the pin 3 of the single-chip microcomputer U3 is connected to one end of the capacitor C10 and pin 1 of the crystal oscillator Y1 The other end of the capacitor C10 and the 2nd and 4th pins of the crystal oscillator Y1 are connected to GND respectively, the 4th pin of the single-chip computer U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R13, the other end of the resistor R13 is connected to the other end of the resistor R14 and one end of the capacitor C13, the other end of the capacitor C13 is connected to GND, the 7th pin of the single-chip computer U3 is connected to GND, the 10th pin of the single-chip computer U3 is connected to the supercapacitor output control circuit resistor R5, the 17th pin of the single-chip computer U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R11 and the 3rd pin of the current / power monitor U1, the 8th and 9th pins of the single-chip computer U3 are connected to the external interface; the model of the single-chip computer U3 is STC8G1K08.

[0017] Embodiment 1, as Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the 8th and 9th pin serial ports of the core control circuit U3 of the control detection circuit are connected to the serial port of the external locomotive host control unit, the 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th pins of the MOS tube Q1 of the supercapacitor output control circuit are connected to the power receiving circuit locomotive host control unit, and the 8th pin of the current / power monitoring meter U1 of the current power detection circuit is connected to the supercapacitor output voltage, and the control detection circuit can be used.

[0018] When working, the locomotive power supply first supplies power to the locomotive power supply circuit, and the locomotive power supply circuit outputs 12V to supply power to the control detection circuit, supercapacitor and host control unit for real-time monitoring of the supercapacitor charging status. The maximum output voltage of the supercapacitor is 12V, which is less than 26V, meeting the circuit use requirements. At this time, the supercapacitor is charged. The internal power supply circuit buck chip U2 of the control detection circuit for real-time monitoring of the supercapacitor charging status bucks the core control circuit, the current / power monitoring meter U1 in the current power detection circuit, and the supercapacitor output control circuit output voltage; the core control circuit is initialized; the current power detection circuit collects data and transmits the collected data current value and power value to the single-chip microcomputer U3 in the core control circuit, and judges whether it meets the requirements for full charge. When the supercapacitor is fully charged, the voltage gradually rises to 12V, and the charging current gradually drops to 0A. According to the formula P=U×I, the charging power drops to 0W. If the requirements are not met, the data is collected again until the requirements are met. At this time, the host control unit communicates with the single-chip microcomputer U3 in the core control circuit, and the single-chip microcomputer U3 in the core control circuit controls the MOS tube Q1 of the supercapacitor output control circuit to output. Together with the locomotive power supply circuit, it supplies power to the host control unit. When the locomotive is illegally powered off, the locomotive power supply circuit no longer outputs voltage. At the same time, the host control unit is powered by the control detection circuit that monitors the charging status of the supercapacitor in real time, completes the shutdown process, and performs normal shutdown operations. This ensures that when the train is illegally powered off, the equipment will not be affected by the power failure and will shut down normally. This prevents equipment damage and ensures the stability of the equipment.

Claims

1. A control detection circuit capable of real-time monitoring of the charging status of a supercapacitor, characterized in that: Including power supply circuit, current power detection circuit, super capacitor output control circuit, core control circuit; The core control circuit is connected to the current power detection circuit and the super capacitor output control circuit respectively. The power supply circuit is respectively connected to the current power detection circuit, the super capacitor output control circuit, and the core control circuit; The power supply circuit is used to supply power to the current power detection circuit, the supercapacitor output control circuit, and the core control circuit to provide the required voltage; The current and power detection circuit is used to detect the current and power of the external output circuit and determine the output state; The supercapacitor output control circuit is used to control the supercapacitor output; The core control circuit is used to control the supercapacitor output control circuit according to the data detected by the current power detection circuit.

2. The control detection circuit capable of real-time monitoring of the charging state of a supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific circuit of the power supply circuit is as follows: pin 1 of the buck chip U2 is connected to pin 3 of the buck chip U2 and one end of the inductor L1 through capacitor C3; the other end of the inductor L1 is respectively connected to resistor R8, one end of capacitor C4, capacitor C5 and a power supply +3.3V; the other end of resistor R8 is respectively connected to pin 5 of the buck chip U2 and one end of resistor R10 through resistor R9; pin 2 of the buck chip U2 is respectively connected to resistor R7, one end of capacitor C6, capacitor C7 and a power supply DC_12V; the other end of resistor R7 is connected to pin 7 of the buck chip U2; the other ends of resistor R10, capacitor C4, capacitor C5, capacitor C6, capacitor C7 and pin 4 and pin 9 of the buck chip U2 are respectively connected to GND; pin 8 of the buck chip U2 is connected to GND through capacitor C8; the model of the buck chip U2 is FR9888.

3. The control detection circuit capable of real-time monitoring of the charging state of a supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific circuit of the current power detection circuit is as follows: pin 1 of the current / power monitor U1 is connected to GND through a resistor R3, pin 2 of the current / power monitor U1 is connected to a power supply +3.3V through a resistor R4, pin 3 of the current / power monitor U1 is connected to pin 17 of the core control circuit single chip U3, pin 4 of the current / power monitor U1 is connected to pin 1 of the core control circuit single chip U3, pin 5 of the current / power monitor U1 is connected to one end of a capacitor C2 and a power supply +3.3V, and the other end of the capacitor C2 and pin 6 of the current / power monitor U1 are respectively connected to GND; pin 7 of the current / power monitor U1 is connected to one end of the resistor R1 and pin 8 of the current / power monitor U1 through a capacitor C1, and pin 8 of the current / power monitor U1 is connected to pin 1, pin 2, and pin 3 of the supercapacitor output control circuit resistor R2 and the MOS tube Q1 through a resistor R1; the model of the current / power monitor U1 is INA219AIDR.

4. The control detection circuit capable of real-time monitoring of the charging state of a supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific circuit of the supercapacitor output control circuit is as follows: Pin 1, Pin 2, and Pin 3 of the MOS tube Q1 are connected to one end of the resistor R2 and Pin 7 of the current / power monitor U1, Pin 4 of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R2 and Pin 3 of the MOS tube Q2, Pin 1 of the MOS tube Q2 is connected to one end of the resistor R5 and the resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to the core control circuit via Pin 10 of the single-chip computer U3, the other end of the resistor R6 and Pin 2 of the MOS tube Q2 are connected to GND, Pins 5, 6, 7, and 8 of the MOS tube Q1 are connected to the external interface DC_SUPER_CAP_OUT_B_MOS; the model of the MOS tube Q1 is IRF7240PBF.

5. The control detection circuit capable of real-time monitoring of the charging state of a supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific circuit of the core control circuit is as follows: pin 1 of the single-chip microcomputer U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R12 and pin 4 of the current / power monitor U1; the other end of the resistor R12 is connected to the resistor R11, the resistor R14, the capacitor C11, the capacitor C12, one end of the magnetic bead FB1, and pin 5 of the single-chip microcomputer U3; the other ends of the capacitors C11 and C12 are connected to GND; the other end of the magnetic bead FB1 is connected to the power supply +3.3V; pin 2 of the single-chip microcomputer U3 is connected to one end of the capacitor C9 and pin 3 of the crystal oscillator Y1; the other end of the capacitor C9 is connected to GND; the pin 3 of the single-chip microcomputer U3 is connected to one end of the capacitor C10 and pin 1 of the crystal oscillator Y1. The other end of the capacitor C10 and the 2nd and 4th pins of the crystal oscillator Y1 are connected to GND respectively, the 4th pin of the single-chip computer U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R13, the other end of the resistor R13 is connected to the other end of the resistor R14 and one end of the capacitor C13, the other end of the capacitor C13 is connected to GND, the 7th pin of the single-chip computer U3 is connected to GND, the 10th pin of the single-chip computer U3 is connected to the supercapacitor output control circuit resistor R5, the 17th pin of the single-chip computer U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R11 and the 3rd pin of the current / power monitor U1, the 8th and 9th pins of the single-chip computer U3 are connected to the external interface; the model of the single-chip computer U3 is STC8G1K08.

6. A method for implementing the control detection circuit capable of real-time monitoring of the charging state of a supercapacitor using the control detection circuit of claim 1, characterized in that: The workflow is as follows: In the first step, the power supply circuit completes the pressure reduction conversion and converts it into the voltage required by the current power detection circuit, the supercapacitor output control circuit, the core control circuit, and the supercapacitor output control circuit; In the second step, after the core control circuit is started, the initialization operation is first performed. At the same time, the current power detection circuit reads the voltage value and current value of the circuit under test, calculates the power value through the formula P=U×I, and transmits the current value and power value to the core control circuit through the IIC data line, where P is power, U is voltage, and I is current; In the third step, the core control circuit communicates with the current power detection circuit through the IIC data line to obtain the current value and power value; In the fourth step, the core control circuit compares and analyzes the pre-programmed parameters with the acquired data current value and power value to determine whether they meet the power supply requirements of the subsequent circuits. If they meet, proceed to the next step. If not, re-read the data current value and power value every 1S for judgment; Step 5. If the subsequent circuit requirements are met, the core control circuit controls the supercapacitor output control circuit, connects the supercapacitor to the external circuit, and supplies power to the external circuit.

7. The method for implementing the control detection circuit capable of real-time monitoring of the charging state of a supercapacitor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The voltage value parameter range of the circuit under test in the current power detection circuit is 0-26V.

Images