Superconducting magnetic energy storage system and quench active protection circuit thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of superconducting electricians, and particularly provides a superconducting magnetic energy storage system and a quench active protection circuit thereof, and the quench active protection circuit comprises a charging loop part, a control part and an energy release loop part. The charging loop part is used for forming a loop with the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil under the condition that the superconducting magnetic energy storage system does not quench and supplying power to the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil; wherein the control part is used for enabling the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil and the charging loop part to form a loop under the condition of detecting that the superconducting magnetic energy storage system does not have a quenching phenomenon; and under the condition that the quench phenomenon of the superconducting magnetic energy storage system is detected, a plurality of high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil sections in the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil and the energy release loop part form loops respectively. By means of the structure, quench protection on the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil can be achieved in a segmented energy release mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of superconducting electrical engineering, and in particular relates to a superconducting magnetic energy storage system and a quench active protection circuit thereof. Background Art

[0002] Due to the zero resistance characteristic of superconducting materials, the current-carrying conductor coil wound by superconducting magnets has the characteristics of low resistance, light weight, and strong current carrying capacity. For example, it can still maintain a large current flow capacity in a strong magnetic field environment. As one of its typical practical applications, the superconducting magnetic energy storage system (SMES) is similar to a large inductor with extremely small internal resistance. It stores the input electrical energy in the form of electromagnetic energy in the superconducting coil, and then converts the electromagnetic energy into electrical energy output when needed, such as feeding back to the power grid or supplying power to the corresponding load. Compared with traditional energy storage systems, SMES has the advantages of large energy storage capacity, high energy conversion efficiency, fast control response speed, and low energy storage loss. However, during the dynamic process of charging / releasing energy, the superconducting coil of SMES may generate electromagnetic force, mechanical stress, overheating, etc. due to high current / overvoltage, which may lead to quenching. At this time, the stored electromagnetic energy will be converted into thermal energy, causing the temperature to rise rapidly. The rapid rise in temperature may cause a large amount of coolant to volatilize, such as burning or even melting of the conductor insulation, which may cause insulation breakdown (permanent damage to the superconducting coil).

[0003] It can be seen that the occurrence of quench phenomenon will affect the safety and stability of the operation of superconducting magnetic energy storage systems and power systems. Therefore, superconducting magnets need to be protected from quench. Quench protection can be narrowly understood as: after the superconducting magnet quenches, the stored energy is released to avoid permanent damage to the superconducting magnet and the equipment of the power system as the power supply side. This requires the quench protection system to achieve fast and accurate quench detection, and then use active or passive quench protection to transfer most of the electromagnetic energy inside the superconducting magnet to the external circuit for processing, or allow the superconducting magnet to quickly quench propagate, so that the energy can be safely dissipated from the inside of the superconducting magnet.

[0004] At present, the quench protection technology for superconducting magnets mainly includes passive protection technology and active protection technology. Among them, the passive protection technology is not well suited for quench protection of high-power superconducting energy storage coils because of its slow energy release speed and the possibility of device damage under high power. In active protection technology, there is a common phenomenon of relatively single energy release speed. For example, for a superconducting magnetic energy storage system in working state, it is not possible to flexibly perform quench protection on it according to the actual needs of the dynamic process. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems and / or solve at least part of the above technical problems to at least a certain extent, the present invention is proposed. Specifically, a quench active protection circuit of a superconducting magnetic energy storage system is provided to timely and effectively deal with the quench phenomenon of the superconducting magnetic energy storage system.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a quench active protection circuit for a superconducting magnetic energy storage system, wherein the superconducting magnetic energy storage system comprises a high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil, wherein the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil comprises a plurality of high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil segments, and the quench active protection circuit comprises a charging circuit part, a control part and an energy release circuit part: wherein the charging circuit part is used to form a circuit with the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil and thus supply power to the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil when the superconducting magnetic energy storage system does not have a quench phenomenon, and to disconnect from the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil and thus stop supplying power to the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil when the superconducting magnetic energy storage system has a quench phenomenon;

[0007] Wherein, the control part is used to make the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil and the charging circuit part form a loop when it is detected that the superconducting magnetic energy storage system has not quenched, and to make multiple high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil segments in the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil form loops with the energy release circuit part when it is detected that the superconducting magnetic energy storage system has quenched.

[0008] Through such a structure, it is possible to achieve quench protection for the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil by means of segmented energy release.

[0009] For the above-mentioned quench active protection circuit of the superconducting magnetic energy storage system, in a possible implementation manner, the charging circuit part includes a charging power supply and a charging circuit IGBT switch, wherein the charging power supply is used to charge the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil, and the charging circuit IGBT switch can switch the connection state between the charging power supply and the superconducting magnetic energy storage system.

[0010] For the above-mentioned quench active protection circuit of the superconducting magnetic energy storage system, in a possible implementation manner, the control part includes a quench detection system, an inverting circuit, a charging circuit IGBT driving circuit and a switch signal generating module, wherein the quench detection system is used to detect whether the superconducting magnetic energy storage system has a quench phenomenon; wherein the inverting circuit is used to invert and output a quench protection trigger signal to the charging circuit IGBT driving circuit corresponding to the charging circuit IGBT switch when the quench detection system detects that the superconducting magnetic energy storage system has a quench phenomenon; wherein the switch signal generating module is used to generate a switch signal capable of partially turning on the energy release circuit after receiving the quench protection trigger signal of the quench detection system.

[0011] For the above-mentioned quench active protection circuit of the superconducting magnetic energy storage system, in a possible implementation manner, the energy release circuit part includes a plurality of energy release modules corresponding to a plurality of high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil segments, and the energy release module includes an energy release circuit and a control drive part, wherein the energy release circuit includes a plurality of energy release resistors and a plurality of energy release circuit IGBT switches corresponding to the plurality of energy release resistors; wherein the control drive part includes a plurality of energy release circuit IGBT drive circuits corresponding to the plurality of energy release circuit IGBT switches; the “switching signal generating module is used to generate a switching signal capable of turning on the energy release circuit part after receiving the quench protection trigger signal of the quench detection system” includes: the switching signal generating module is used to generate a switching signal after receiving the quench protection trigger signal of the quench detection system, and the plurality of energy release circuit IGBT drive circuits selectively turn on the corresponding energy release circuit IGBT switches according to the switching signal.

[0012] For the above-mentioned quench active protection circuit of the superconducting magnetic energy storage system, in a possible implementation manner, the energy release circuit also includes a total energy release circuit IGBT switch, and the control drive part also includes a total energy release circuit IGBT drive circuit corresponding to the total energy release circuit IGBT switch; the "the switch signal generation module is used to generate a switch signal that can make the energy release circuit partially conductive after receiving the quench protection trigger signal of the quench detection system" includes: the switch signal generation module is used to generate a switch signal after receiving the quench protection trigger signal of the quench detection system, the total energy release circuit IGBT drive circuit turns on the total energy release circuit IGBT switch according to the switch signal, and the multiple energy release circuit IGBT drive circuits selectively turn on the corresponding energy release circuit IGBT switches according to the switch signal.

[0013] For the above-mentioned quench active protection circuit of the superconducting magnetic energy storage system, in a possible implementation manner, the quench active protection circuit includes a controller, and the controller is used to: selectively turn on the multiple energy release circuit IGBT switches according to a preset energy release speed.

[0014] With such a configuration, it is possible to achieve the adjustability of the energy release rate.

[0015] For the above-mentioned quench active protection circuit of the superconducting magnetic energy storage system, in a possible implementation manner, the "selectively turning on the multiple energy release circuit IGBT switches according to a preset energy release speed" includes: when a fast energy release speed mode in which the energy release speed is greater than a first preset energy release speed is selected, turning on one of the multiple energy release circuit IGBT switches; when a medium energy release speed mode in which the energy release speed is greater than a second preset energy release speed and less than or equal to the first preset energy release speed is selected, turning on some of the multiple energy release circuit IGBT switches; when a slow energy release speed mode in which the energy release speed is less than or equal to the second preset energy release speed is selected, turning on all of the multiple energy release circuit IGBT switches.

[0016] Through such a structure, it is possible to achieve graded adjustment of the energy release speed. For example, when multiple energy release resistors are the same, they can be selected at will. When the resistances of multiple energy release resistors are different, they can be reasonably selected according to the size of the equivalent resistance. For example, the control signal generator can be directly set to the settings corresponding to fast, medium and slow energy release speeds, that is, the first / second preset energy release size can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs. It can be understood that those skilled in the art can divide more medium energy release speed modes according to actual needs.

[0017] For the above-mentioned quench active protection circuit of the superconducting magnetic energy storage system, in a possible implementation, the energy release circuit part includes a diode, and the energy release module, the corresponding high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil segment and the electrically controlled switch can form a loop.

[0018] For the above-mentioned quench active protection circuit of the superconducting magnetic energy storage system, in a possible implementation manner, the diode includes a plurality of diodes corresponding to the plurality of energy release modules.

[0019] With such a configuration, it is possible to effectively prevent the IGBT switch of the energy release module from being reversely conducted when the quench protection circuit is abnormal.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a superconducting magnetic energy storage system, wherein the superconducting magnetic energy storage system comprises the quench active protection circuit of the superconducting magnetic energy storage system described in any one of the above items.

[0021] It can be understood that the superconducting magnetic energy storage system has all the technical effects of the quench active protection circuit of the superconducting magnetic energy storage system described in any of the above items, which will not be repeated here.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, by configuring a quench protection circuit for the superconducting magnetic energy storage system, in the event of a quench phenomenon, the superconducting coil is isolated from the power supply, and the energy stored in the superconducting coil is transferred and released as quickly as possible. In this way, the superconducting magnet that has a quench phenomenon can be effectively prevented from damaging the superconducting magnetic energy storage system, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the operation of the superconducting magnetic energy storage system and the power system.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the quench protection circuit is to actively protect the superconducting magnetic energy storage system by using an energy release circuit composed of energy release resistors. By designing a variety of energy release speeds for the energy release circuit, such as a parallel circuit composed of energy release resistors with different resistance values ​​and an IGBT, on this basis, not only can the energy release speed be controlled by a switching strategy, but the energy released on a single power resistor can also be reduced accordingly, thereby improving safety and economy, such as making the quench protection circuit of the present invention particularly suitable for quench protection for high-power superconducting magnetic energy storage systems.

[0024] In addition, for the superconducting magnetic energy storage system using multiple superconducting coils connected in series, the present invention also uses a segmented protection method, which reduces the energy that needs to be released in each energy release circuit by dividing the superconducting coil into multiple parts and respectively forming energy release circuits for energy release. In this way, the time required for energy release can be effectively reduced without increasing the resistance value of the energy release resistor (which can prevent overvoltage from occurring at both ends of the superconducting coil). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a quench active protection circuit for a superconducting magnetic energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the structure of an energy release module in a quench active protection circuit of a superconducting magnetic energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention; and

[0028] Figure 3An equivalent circuit diagram of a series loop consisting of a high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil segment and a corresponding energy release resistor in a quench active protection circuit of a superconducting magnetic energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0030] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be interpreted as limiting the present invention.

[0031] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless expressly stated, the singular forms "one", "said", and "the" used herein may also include plural forms. It should be further understood that the term "comprising" used in the specification of the present invention refers to the presence of the features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups thereof. It should be understood that when we refer to an element as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it may be directly connected or coupled to the other element, or there may be intermediate elements. In addition, the "connection" or "coupling" used herein may include wireless connection or coupling. The term "and / or" used herein includes any unit and all combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0032] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as generally understood by those skilled in the art in the field to which the present invention belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in common dictionaries should be understood to have meanings consistent with the meanings in the context of the prior art, and will not be interpreted with idealized or overly formal meanings unless defined as herein.

[0033] In addition, in order to better illustrate the present invention, many specific details are given in the following specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can also be implemented without certain specific details. In some examples, the principles of high-temperature superconducting energy storage coils well known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail in order to highlight the main purpose of the present invention.

[0034] Main reference Figure 1In a possible implementation, the superconducting magnetic energy storage system includes a high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil 11. For example, in this example, the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil 11 includes a first high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil segment 111, a second high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil segment 112, and a third high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil segment 113. The quench active protection circuit of the superconducting magnetic energy storage system mainly includes the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil 11 (three high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil segments), a charging circuit part 12, a control part 13, and an energy release circuit part 14, wherein:

[0035] The charging circuit part 12 is mainly used to form a circuit with the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil and thus supply power to the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil when the superconducting magnetic energy storage system does not have a quench phenomenon, and to disconnect from the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil and thus stop supplying power to the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil when a quench phenomenon occurs in the superconducting magnetic energy storage system (at this time, the energy release resistor in the energy release circuit part forms a circuit with the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil);

[0036] The control part 13 is mainly used to make the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil and the charging circuit part form a loop when it is detected that the superconducting magnetic energy storage system has not quenched, and to make the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil and the energy release circuit part form a loop when it is detected that the superconducting magnetic energy storage system has quenched;

[0037] The energy release loop portion 14 is mainly used to form a loop with the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil when a quench occurs in the superconducting magnetic energy storage system, thereby enabling the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil to release energy to achieve a protection purpose.

[0038] In a possible implementation, the charging circuit part 12 mainly includes a charging power supply 121 and a charging circuit IGBT switch 122. The charging power supply 121 is mainly used to charge the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil of the superconducting magnetic energy storage system to achieve normal energy storage and release functions. The charging circuit IGBT switch can switch the connection state between the charging power supply and the superconducting magnetic energy storage system. Preferably, the charging circuit IGBT switch 122 is connected to the Figure 2 Each IGBT switch in the energy release circuit is a high-power IGBT switch tube, which needs to have the ability to turn on and off the large current corresponding to the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil.

[0039] In a possible implementation, the control part 13 mainly includes a quench detection system 131, an inverter circuit 132, a charging circuit IGBT drive circuit 133 and a switch signal generation module 134. The energy release circuit part 14 mainly includes diodes (141, 142, 143) corresponding to the three high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil segments (111, 112, 113) and three energy release modules (144, 145, 146) corresponding to the three high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil segments (111, 112, 113). The main function of the diodes (141, 142, 143) is to prevent the IGBT switch of the energy release module from being reversely conducted and broken down and thus damaged when the quench protection circuit is abnormal.

[0040] Among them, the quench detection system 131 is mainly used to detect whether the superconducting magnetic energy storage system has a quench phenomenon, such as quench detection of superconducting tapes by temperature rise detection, pressure detection, ultrasonic detection, flow rate detection, voltage detection, etc., and after detecting that the superconducting energy storage coil has a quench, a quench protection trigger signal is output to the quench protection circuit. The function of the inverting circuit 132 is to invert the quench protection trigger signal output by the quench detection system 131 and output it to the charging circuit IGBT drive circuit 133 corresponding to the charging circuit IGBT switch 122, such as the general IGBT drive circuit is triggered to turn on at a high level. In this way, when the quench detection system 131 does not detect the occurrence of a quench phenomenon in the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil of the superconducting magnetic energy storage system, a low level will be output. At this time, the inverting circuit 132 will convert the received low level into a high level and output it to the charging circuit IGBT drive circuit 133, and then control the charging circuit IGBT switch 122 to turn on through the IGBT drive circuit, so that the charging circuit of the superconducting magnetic energy storage system can work normally. When the quench detection system 131 detects that a quench has occurred in the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil of the superconducting magnetic energy storage system, it will output a high level. At this time, the inverter circuit 132 will convert the received high level into a low level and output it to the charging circuit IGBT drive circuit 133. Then, the charging circuit IGBT switch 122 is controlled to be turned off through the IGBT drive circuit, thereby cutting off the charging circuit of the superconducting magnetic energy storage system.

[0041] It is understandable that the charging circuit IGBT drive circuit 133 needs to select a suitable drive chip according to the charging circuit IGBT switch that needs to be driven and controlled in actual use, and then use a positive and negative dual power supply for power supply. Also, as a high-power switching device, the charging circuit IGBT switch needs to ensure that it can operate normally and reliably realize on and off. Accordingly, the IGBT drive circuit needs to be able to provide a stable voltage for the gate-emitter of the IGBT to control the charging circuit IGBT switch to be reliably turned on or off. In addition, it is also necessary to provide a certain reverse voltage drop when turning off the charging circuit IGBT switch to speed up the turning off of the charging circuit IGBT switch and make it have a certain voltage resistance performance. Preferably, for the high-power use environment in the present invention, the drive chip is also required to have isolation, so as to effectively isolate the high current environment in which the charging circuit IGBT switch works from the control signal circuit.

[0042] Among them, the function of the switch signal generation module 134 is to generate a switch signal corresponding to it according to a preset energy release speed after receiving the quench protection trigger signal of the quench detection system 131, and control the IGBT switch in the energy release module (144, 145, 146) through the switch signal to complete the energy release function of the quench protection. For example, the switch signal generation module can include a programmable control chip such as a single-chip microcomputer. As in this example, the structures of the energy release modules (144, 145, 146) are roughly the same. The following is an example of any one of them (such as the first energy release module 144) for description.

[0043] Main reference Figure 2 In a possible implementation, the first energy release module 144 mainly includes an energy release circuit 21 and a control drive part 22. The energy release circuit 21 mainly includes an energy release resistor (211, 212, 213), an energy release circuit IGBT switch (214, 215, 216, 217), and the control drive part 22 mainly includes an energy release circuit IGBT drive circuit (221, 222, 223, 224).

[0044] The principle and function of the energy release circuit IGBT drive circuit (221, 222, 223, 224) are the same as those of the aforementioned charging circuit IGBT drive circuit 133, and are used to isolate and drive the energy release circuit IGBT switches (214, 215, 216, 217). Specifically, when the quench detection system detects the occurrence of a quench phenomenon, a high-level signal will always be sent to the total energy release circuit IGBT drive circuit 221 to turn on the total energy release circuit IGBT switch 214, so that the entire energy release module can work normally. When the energy release speed is set to slow, a high-level signal is sent to the energy release circuit IGBT drive circuit (222, 223, 224) to turn on the energy release circuit IGBT switches (215, 216, 217), so that the equivalent resistance of the energy release circuit is minimized; when the energy release speed is set to medium, a high-level signal is sent to the energy release circuit IGBT drive circuit (222, 223) to turn on the energy release circuit IGBT switches (215, 216), and a low-level signal is sent to the energy release circuit IGBT drive circuit 224 to turn off the energy release circuit IGBT switch 217, so that the equivalent resistance of the energy release circuit is moderate; when the energy release speed is set to fast, a high-level signal is sent to the energy release circuit IGBT drive circuit 222 to turn on the energy release circuit IGBT switch 215, and a low-level signal is sent to the energy release circuit IGBT drive circuit (223, 224) to turn off the energy release circuit IGBT switches (216, 217), so that the equivalent resistance of the energy release circuit is maximized.

[0045] Among them, the energy release resistors (211, 212, 213) are power resistors that can be selected according to actual needs, and the selection strategy is as follows:

[0046] When the quench detection system detects that the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil has quenched, the charging circuit including the power supply is disconnected, and the external protection circuit connected to the energy release resistor is connected. At this time, one of the three high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil segments will form a series circuit with the corresponding energy release resistor. The equivalent circuit diagram at this time is as follows: Figure 3 As shown in the figure, i is the current in the loop, L is the equivalent inductance of the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil of the corresponding section, and u L is the voltage across the equivalent inductor, R is the energy release resistor, u L is the voltage across the energy releasing resistor.

[0047] According to the circuit principle, we can get u R +u L =0, according to the resistor terminal voltage u R =Ri, inductor terminal voltage u L =Ldi / dt, the circuit differential equation is: Define the time constant τ = L / R, and solve the first-order homogeneous differential equation to get i = I0e -t / τ ,uR =RI0e -t / τ ,u L =-RI0e -t / τ It can be seen that the voltage across the superconducting magnet (one of the three high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil segments mentioned above) and the energy release resistor and the current in the energy release circuit all decay according to the exponential law, and the time constant τ=L / R determines the decay speed of these three items. Therefore, the inductance L of the superconducting coil and the resistance R of the energy release resistor become the key parameters that determine the current decay speed.

[0048] In actual engineering applications, the quench protection circuit usually has a limit on the maximum voltage across the superconducting magnet to prevent major dangers such as insulation breakdown caused by overvoltage across the superconducting magnet. For example, the maximum value of the energy release resistance can be calculated based on the critical voltage value V of the superconducting magnet and the current limit value I across the two ends. Then, according to the specific energy release speed requirements and the above formula, the resistance value R of the energy release resistor required in the actual project can be calculated, and then the appropriate energy release resistor can be selected according to the power requirements.

[0049] In the energy release module, the energy release resistors (211, 212, 213) are in parallel relationship. Taking the energy release circuit IGBT switch 215 as an example, when the energy release circuit IGBT switch 215 is turned on and the energy release circuit IGBT switches (216, 217) are turned off, the equivalent resistance of the energy release resistor is the largest. When the energy release circuit IGBT switches (215, 216, 217) are all turned on, the equivalent resistance of the energy release resistor is the smallest. Therefore, the above strategy determines the maximum equivalent resistance of the energy release resistor, that is, the resistance value of the energy release resistor 211, and the energy release resistors (212, 213) can be flexibly designed according to the actual requirements for the energy release speed. The following takes the case where the energy release resistors (211, 212, 213) have equal resistance values ​​(all equal to R) as an example to illustrate the protection strategy of the present invention. Specifically:

[0050] When the fast energy release speed mode is selected, after the superconducting magnetic energy storage system has a quench phenomenon, the energy release module turns on the energy release loop IGBT switches (214, 215) and turns off the energy release loop IGBT switches (216, 217) according to the switch signal received and generated by the switch signal module. At this time, the equivalent resistance of the energy release module is R;

[0051] When the medium energy release speed mode is selected, after the superconducting magnetic energy storage system has a quench phenomenon, the energy release module turns on the energy release loop IGBT switches (214, 215, 216) according to the switch signal generated by the received switch signal module, and turns off the energy release loop IGBT switch 217. At this time, the equivalent resistance of the energy release module is R / 2;

[0052] When the slow energy release speed mode is selected, after the superconducting magnetic energy storage system quenches, the energy release module turns on the IGBT switches (214, 215, 216, 217) of the energy release circuit according to the switch signal received and generated by the switch signal module. At this time, the equivalent resistance of the energy release module is R / 3.

[0053] It can be seen that the quench active protection circuit is designed according to the situation that high-power high-temperature superconducting energy storage coils are not suitable for passive protection, and thus the problem of large-scale volatilization of coolant caused by passive protection is avoided. In the quench active protection circuit, segmented protection and parallel connection of energy release resistors are used. Among them, segmented protection of the superconducting energy storage coil can effectively reduce the energy that needs to be released in each section of the quench protection circuit, thereby improving the energy release speed and protection reliability. Among them, the parallel connection of energy release resistors can release energy on multiple power resistors at the same time, thereby reducing power requirements and improving economy and safety. In addition, by controlling the IGBT switch of the parallel circuit of the energy release resistor, the energy release speed can also be adjusted.

[0054] That is to say, the quench protection circuit of the present invention realizes quench protection for the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil by means of active protection. In the quench protection circuit, the energy release speed is improved and the safety is improved by the cooperation of segmented protection and parallel connection of energy release resistors. In addition, on the basis of adopting multiple energy release circuits, the energy release speed can be adjusted by controlling the combined conduction of the IGBT switch (such as the aforementioned step-by-step adjustment of the energy release speed).

[0055] So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quench active protection circuit for a superconducting magnetic energy storage system, characterized in that: The superconducting magnetic energy storage system comprises a high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil, and the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil comprises a plurality of high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil segments. The quench active protection circuit includes a charging circuit part, a control part and an energy release circuit part: Wherein, the charging circuit part is used to form a circuit with the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil and thus supply power to the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil when the superconducting magnetic energy storage system does not have a quench phenomenon, and to disconnect from the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil and thus stop supplying power to the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil when the superconducting magnetic energy storage system has a quench phenomenon; Wherein, the control part is used to make the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil and the charging circuit part form a loop when it is detected that the superconducting magnetic energy storage system has not quenched, and to make multiple high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil segments in the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil form loops with the energy release circuit part when it is detected that the superconducting magnetic energy storage system has quenched.

2. The quench active protection circuit of the superconducting magnetic energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging circuit part includes a charging power supply and a charging circuit IGBT switch. Among them, the charging power supply is used to charge the high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil, and the charging circuit IGBT switch can switch the connection state between the charging power supply and the superconducting magnetic energy storage system.

3. The quench active protection circuit of the superconducting magnetic energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control part includes a quench detection system, an inverter circuit, a charging circuit IGBT drive circuit and a switch signal generation module. Wherein, the quench detection system is used to detect whether a quench phenomenon occurs in the superconducting magnetic energy storage system; Wherein, the inverting circuit is used to invert and output the quench protection trigger signal to the charging circuit IGBT drive circuit corresponding to the charging circuit IGBT switch when the quench detection system detects that the superconducting magnetic energy storage system has a quench phenomenon; The switch signal generating module is used to generate a switch signal capable of partially conducting the energy release circuit after receiving a quench protection trigger signal from the quench detection system.

4. The quench active protection circuit of the superconducting magnetic energy storage system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The energy release circuit part includes a plurality of energy release modules corresponding to a plurality of high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil segments. The energy release module includes an energy release circuit and a control drive part. Wherein, the energy release circuit includes a plurality of energy release resistors and a plurality of energy release circuit IGBT switches corresponding to the plurality of energy release resistors; Wherein, the control driving part includes a plurality of energy release loop IGBT driving circuits corresponding to the plurality of energy release loop IGBT switches; The “switching signal generating module is used to generate a switching signal capable of partially conducting the energy release circuit after receiving the quench protection triggering signal of the quench detection system” includes: The switch signal generating module is used to generate a switch signal after receiving a quench protection trigger signal from the quench detection system. The multiple energy release circuit IGBT driving circuits selectively turn on the corresponding energy release circuit IGBT switches according to the switching signal.

5. The quench active protection circuit of the superconducting magnetic energy storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The energy release circuit also includes a total energy release circuit IGBT switch, and the control drive part also includes a total energy release circuit IGBT drive circuit corresponding to the total energy release circuit IGBT switch; The “switching signal generating module is used to generate a switching signal capable of partially conducting the energy release circuit after receiving the quench protection triggering signal of the quench detection system” includes: The switch signal generating module is used to generate a switch signal after receiving a quench protection trigger signal from the quench detection system. The total energy release loop IGBT driving circuit turns on the total energy release loop IGBT switch according to the switch signal; The multiple energy release circuit IGBT driving circuits selectively turn on the corresponding energy release circuit IGBT switches according to the switching signal.

6. The quench active protection circuit of the superconducting magnetic energy storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The quench active protection circuit comprises a controller, and the controller is used for: According to a preset energy release speed, the multiple energy release loop IGBT switches are selectively turned on.

7. The quench active protection circuit of the superconducting magnetic energy storage system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The “selectively turning on the multiple energy release circuit IGBT switches according to a preset energy release speed” includes: When a fast energy release speed mode is selected, in which the energy release speed is greater than a first preset energy release speed, one of the multiple energy release loop IGBT switches is turned on; When a medium energy release speed mode is selected in which the energy release speed is greater than the second preset energy release speed and less than or equal to the first preset energy release speed, part of the multiple energy release loop IGBT switches are turned on; When a slow energy release speed mode in which the energy release speed is less than or equal to the second preset energy release speed is selected, all the IGBT switches of the energy release loops are turned on.

8. The quench active protection circuit of the superconducting magnetic energy storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The energy release circuit part includes a diode, an energy release module, and the corresponding high-temperature superconducting energy storage coil segment and the electric control switch can form a circuit.

9. The quench active protection circuit of the superconducting magnetic energy storage system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The diode includes a plurality of diodes corresponding to the plurality of energy release modules.

10. A superconducting magnetic energy storage system, characterized in that: The superconducting magnetic energy storage system comprises the quench active protection circuit of the superconducting magnetic energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images