Full-superconducting monopole motor with stator and rotor working in direct current

Abstract

The invention discloses a full-superconducting monopole motor with a stator and a rotor working in direct current, which belongs to the technical field of full-superconducting motors and comprises a stator yoke, a rotor yoke, a stator superconducting excitation winding, a rotor superconducting armature and a collector ring. An annular cavity is formed in the stator yoke in the axial direction of the stator yoke. The stator superconducting excitation winding, the collecting ring and the rotor yoke are sequentially and coaxially arranged in the annular cavity. The outer surface of the rotor yoke and the surface of the annular cavity of the stator yoke form a single air gap structure; the collecting ring is connected with external direct current; and the rotor superconducting armature comprises a plurality of armature windings which are arranged along the axial direction of the rotor yoke, and the end parts of the armature windings are connected to the collector ring through electric brushes. Superconducting alternating current loss caused by alternating current conduction is avoided, so that the full-superconducting motor can operate at a relatively high rotating speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of all-superconducting motors, and more specifically, relates to an all-superconducting unipolar motor in which both the stator and the rotor operate in direct current. Background Art

[0002] A superconducting motor is a motor that uses superconducting materials to make stator or rotor magnets. It uses the zero resistance characteristic of superconducting materials to enable superconducting magnets made of superconducting materials to pass currents much greater than conventional copper windings. This technology can significantly improve the power density and torque density of the motor, and significantly reduce the weight and size of the motor. Based on the above advantages, superconducting motors are often used in wind power generation, ship propulsion, aircraft engines and other fields.

[0003] Superconducting motors can be divided into two categories: semi-superconducting motors and fully superconducting motors. In semi-superconducting motors, copper or aluminum wires are used to make the armature windings; in fully superconducting motors, superconducting materials are used to make the armature windings. When the superconducting tape conducts direct current, the on-resistance is 0; when conducting alternating current, AC loss will occur. The heat generated by this AC loss is huge for a low-temperature environment of tens of K, which will significantly increase the cooling power and cost. Therefore, the armature windings that conduct alternating current usually use copper or aluminum materials, which is one of the reasons why semi-superconducting motors are more common. In fully superconducting motors, in order to avoid excessive AC losses in the superconducting armature windings, the motors are often designed to have a lower speed. Therefore, fully superconducting motors are often used in low-speed fields.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to design a motor that can avoid the AC loss problem caused by superconducting tapes conducting AC current, so that the all-superconducting motor can be used in high-speed fields. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a fully superconducting unipolar motor in which both the stator and rotor operate on direct current, thereby solving the technical problem that the superconducting armature of the existing fully superconducting motor generates superconducting AC loss due to the conduction of AC current.

[0006] To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a full superconducting electrode motor in which both the stator and the rotor operate in direct current, comprising a stator yoke, a rotor yoke, a stator superconducting excitation winding, a rotor superconducting armature and a collector ring;

[0007] An annular cavity is provided inside the stator yoke along its axial direction, and the stator superconducting excitation winding, the collector ring and the rotor yoke are coaxially arranged in the annular cavity in sequence;

[0008] The outer surface of the rotor yoke and the annular cavity surface of the stator yoke form a single air gap structure;

[0009] The collector ring is connected to an external direct current;

[0010] The rotor superconducting armature includes a plurality of armature windings arranged along the axial direction of the rotor yoke, and ends of the armature windings are connected to the collector rings through brushes.

[0011] Preferably, the slip ring comprises a right slip ring and a left slip ring which are coaxially arranged.

[0012] Preferably, the rotor superconducting armature comprises a first armature winding, a second armature winding, a third armature winding and a fourth armature winding; the first armature winding, the second armature winding, the third armature winding and the fourth armature winding are respectively arranged axially along the inner and outer surfaces of the rotor yoke.

[0013] Preferably, the brush comprises a first right brush, which is arranged at an end of the third armature winding, and is used to connect the third armature winding and the right collector ring.

[0014] Preferably, the brush further includes a second right brush, which is arranged at an end of the first armature winding, and the second right brush is used to connect the first armature winding and the right collector ring.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes a right excitation current lead, which is connected to the right collector ring and is used to pass a direct current into the right collector ring.

[0016] Preferably, it also includes a left excitation current lead, which is connected to the left collector ring and is used to pass a direct current into the left collector ring.

[0017] In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0018] 1. The present invention proposes a full superconducting electrode motor in which both the stator and rotor work on direct current. The interior of the stator yoke is provided with an annular cavity along its axial direction. The rotor yoke is coaxially arranged in the annular cavity. The outer surface of the rotor yoke and the annular cavity surface of the stator yoke form a single air gap structure, and direct current is conducted in both the armature and the excitation winding to generate electromagnetic torque in the armature and the rotor. The stator and rotor of the motor both use direct current, avoiding the problem of AC loss caused by superconducting materials conducting alternating current.

[0019] 2. The present invention proposes a full superconducting electrode motor in which both the stator and the rotor work on direct current, and sets collector rings and brushes at both ends of the motor, which is easier to maintain than the structure of existing motors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1It is a structural schematic diagram of a full superconducting electrode motor in which both the stator and rotor of the present invention work with direct current;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a structural cross-sectional view of a full superconducting electrode motor in which both the stator and rotor of the present invention work with direct current;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a detailed cross-sectional view of the brushes of the all-superconducting electrode motor of the present invention in which both the stator and rotor work on direct current;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the stator of the all-superconducting electrode motor of the present invention in which both the stator and the rotor work with direct current;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the rotor of the all-superconducting electrode motor of the present invention in which both the stator and the rotor work on direct current;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the armature winding and collector ring of the all-superconducting electrode motor of the present invention in which both the stator and rotor work on direct current;

[0026] Figure 7 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of the superconducting excitation winding of the stator of the all-superconducting electrode motor in which both the stator and the rotor work with direct current.

[0027] In all the drawings, the same figure numbers are used to represent the same elements or structures, among which: 21-stator yoke; 23-stator superconducting excitation winding; 24-right side collector ring; 25-left side collector ring; 26-right side excitation current lead; 27-left side excitation current lead; 31-rotor yoke; 32-first armature winding; 33-second armature winding; 34-third armature winding; 36-first right side brush; 37-second right side brush; 39-fourth armature winding. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0029] like Figure 1-7 As shown, the present invention proposes a fully superconducting unipolar motor in which both the stator and the rotor work in direct current, the motor comprising a stator and a rotor. The stator comprises a stator yoke 21, a stator superconducting excitation winding 23 and a slip ring; the rotor comprises a rotor yoke 31, a rotor superconducting armature and a brush.

[0030] Specifically, the rotor superconducting armature includes a first armature winding 32 , a second armature winding 33 , a third armature winding 34 and a fourth armature winding 39 ; the first armature winding 32 , the second armature winding 33 , the third armature winding 34 and the fourth armature winding 39 are axially arranged along the inner and outer surfaces of the rotor yoke 31 , respectively.

[0031] To further explain, the interior of the stator yoke 21 is provided with an annular cavity along its axial direction, the rotor yoke 31 is coaxially arranged in the annular cavity, and the outer surface of the rotor yoke 31 forms a single air gap structure with the annular cavity surface of the stator yoke 21. In the present invention, the motor has a total of 1 air gap, and the stator superconducting excitation winding 23 will generate a unipolar magnetic field from the inside to the outside in the air gap. There are 4 parallel armature windings with direct current on the rotor side of the air gap, and the armature winding will generate torque to drive the rotor to rotate. The armature winding is connected to the stator by a brush slip ring. The motor achieves the design purpose of conducting direct current in both the stator and rotor, so that the superconducting tapes of the stator and rotor only conduct direct current, avoiding the superconducting AC loss caused by conducting AC current, so that the all-superconducting motor can run at a higher speed.

[0032] Further explanation, the collector ring is connected to an external direct current, wherein the collector ring includes a right collector ring 24 and a left collector ring 25 arranged coaxially. The right excitation current lead 26 is connected to the right collector ring 24, and is used to pass a direct current into the right collector ring 24; the left excitation current lead 27 is connected to the left collector ring 25, and is used to pass a direct current into the left collector ring 25. The stator and rotor of the stator-rotor DC full superconducting unipolar motor proposed by the present invention both use direct current, avoiding the superconducting AC loss caused by the use of AC current, so that the full superconducting motor can run at a higher speed.

[0033] It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A full superconducting electrode motor in which both the stator and rotor operate on direct current, characterized in that: It comprises a stator yoke (21), a rotor yoke (31), a stator superconducting excitation winding (23), a rotor superconducting armature and a collector ring; An annular cavity is provided inside the stator yoke (21) along its axial direction, and the stator superconducting excitation winding (23), the collector ring and the rotor yoke (31) are coaxially arranged in the annular cavity in sequence; The outer surface of the rotor yoke (31) and the annular cavity surface of the stator yoke (21) form a single air gap structure; The collector ring is connected to an external direct current; The rotor superconducting armature comprises a plurality of armature windings arranged axially along the rotor yoke (31), and ends of the armature windings are connected to the collector rings through brushes.

2. The all-superconducting electrode motor in which both the stator and the rotor operate in direct current according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collector ring comprises a right collector ring (24) and a left collector ring (25) which are coaxially arranged.

3. The all-superconducting electrode motor in which both the stator and the rotor operate in direct current according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotor superconducting armature comprises a first armature winding (32), a second armature winding (33), a third armature winding (34) and a fourth armature winding (39); the first armature winding (32), the second armature winding (33), the third armature winding (34) and the fourth armature winding (39) are respectively arranged axially along the inner and outer surfaces of the rotor yoke (31).

4. The all-superconducting electrode motor in which both the stator and the rotor operate in direct current according to claim 3, characterized in that: The brush comprises a first right brush (36), which is arranged at the end of the third armature winding (33), and is used to connect the third armature winding (33) and the right collector ring (24).

5. The all-superconducting electrode motor in which both the stator and the rotor operate in direct current according to claim 4, characterized in that: The brush further comprises a second right brush (37), wherein the second right brush (37) is arranged at the end of the first armature winding (32), and the second right brush (37) is used to connect the first armature winding (32) and the right collector ring (24).

6. The all-superconducting electrode motor in which both the stator and the rotor operate in direct current according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a right excitation current lead (26), which is connected to the right collector ring (24) and is used to pass a direct current into the right collector ring (24).

7. The all-superconducting electrode motor in which both the stator and the rotor operate in direct current according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a left excitation current lead (27), which is connected to the left collector ring (25) and is used to pass a direct current into the left collector ring (25).

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