A permanent magnet synchronous motor control device

Abstract

The invention discloses a permanent magnet synchronous motor control device, which relates to the technical field of permanent magnet synchronous motors, and comprises an electric motor, wherein the electric motor comprises a stator, a rotor and a motor shaft, and further comprises a control box, wherein the control box is located at one side of the electric motor, wherein a metal sheet is arranged in the control box, wherein a vent is provided on the side wall of the electric motor, wherein a wind shield is rotatably connected to the vent, wherein a plurality of wind shields are provided, and wherein a sprocket is arranged on each of the wind shields; in the invention, the thermal expansion and contraction characteristics of the metal sheet are utilized to trigger temperature sensing and heat dissipation regulation actions, and phase change heat dissipation is automatically performed based on the physical phase change process of paraffin, without the need for additional active control components, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost and research and development difficulty of the device, and making it have high applicability and promotion value in application scenarios of different scales and cost budgets.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of permanent magnet synchronous motors, and in particular to a permanent magnet synchronous motor control device. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of industrial automation and the continuous development of various high-performance equipment, permanent magnet synchronous motors have been widely used in many fields, such as CNC machine tools and robots in industrial manufacturing, drive systems of new energy vehicles, and power and control mechanisms in aerospace equipment. These application scenarios place extremely high demands on the performance and reliability of permanent magnet synchronous motors.

[0003] During the operation of the motor, a large amount of heat will inevitably be generated due to factors such as Joule heat generated by current passing through the winding, hysteresis and eddy current loss of the iron core, and mechanical friction. If this heat cannot be dissipated in a timely and effective manner, the internal temperature of the motor will rise sharply.

[0004] First of all, excessively high temperatures will degrade the insulation material performance of the motor windings, reduce the insulation resistance, and may even cause insulation breakdown, triggering a short circuit and directly damaging the motor.

[0005] Secondly, permanent magnets are prone to irreversible demagnetization in high temperature environments, which can significantly reduce the output torque and efficiency of the motor, affect the overall performance of the motor, shorten the service life of the motor, increase the maintenance cost and downtime of the equipment, and seriously restrict the normal operation and production efficiency of related equipment.

[0006] Traditional motor cooling mostly relies on complex electronic control systems and sensors to monitor motor temperature and adjust cooling components.

[0007] These electronic components are prone to failure in harsh environments such as high temperature and strong electromagnetic interference, which reduces the reliability and stability of the cooling system and increases the difficulty and cost of system maintenance.

[0008] Moreover, the design and debugging of electronic control systems require professional electronic technical knowledge and equipment. For some small enterprises or cost-sensitive application scenarios, there are certain technical and economic barriers.

[0009] In view of this, this application is hereby filed. Summary of the invention

[0010] The object of the present invention is to provide a permanent magnet synchronous motor control device to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0011] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a permanent magnet synchronous motor control device, including an electric motor, wherein the electric motor includes a stator, a rotor and a motor shaft, and also includes a control box, wherein the control box is located on one side of the electric motor, a metal sheet is arranged in the control box, a vent is provided on the side wall of the electric motor, a wind shield is rotatably connected in the vent, there are multiple wind shields, sprockets are arranged on the wind shields, chains are arranged between the sprockets, a winding drum is arranged on at least one of the sprockets, a wire hole is provided in the electric motor, a pull rope is arranged in the wire hole, and two ends of the pull rope are respectively fixedly connected to one end of the metal sheet and the winding drum.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a heat dissipation channel, which is opened in the rotor. A liquid cooling pipe is arranged in the heat dissipation channel. The liquid cooling pipe is filled with coolant, and the liquid cooling pipe is connected to a circulation pump.

[0013] Furthermore, two metal sheets are provided in the control box, and the deformation temperature of the other metal sheet is higher. A linear switch is provided in the control box, and the linear switch is located below the movable end of the other metal sheet. A flow regulating valve is provided at the interface between the circulating pump and the liquid cooling pipeline, and the linear switch is electrically connected to the flow regulating valve.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a phase change material chamber, which is located in the rotor, a cover is provided on the top surface of the phase change material chamber, and a centrifugal trigger is provided on the motor shaft.

[0015] Furthermore, the wind shields are divided into two groups, and the two groups of wind shields are respectively arranged on the top and bottom surfaces of the motor, and both ends of the metal sheet are connected with pull ropes.

[0016] Furthermore, the two metal sheets are respectively a copper sheet and an iron sheet.

[0017] Furthermore, the coolant in the liquid cooling pipeline is an ethylene glycol aqueous solution.

[0018] Furthermore, the phase change material chamber is filled with paraffin.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: In the present invention, the thermal expansion and contraction characteristics of the metal sheet are used to trigger the temperature sensing and heat dissipation adjustment actions. The phase change heat dissipation is automatically carried out based on the physical phase change process of paraffin, and no additional active control components are required, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost and research and development difficulty of the device, making it highly applicable and worth promoting in application scenarios of different scales and cost budgets.

[0020] In the present invention, the bimetallic iron sheet and copper sheet are designed to control different heat dissipation links respectively, so that the control of the motor temperature is more meticulous. The iron sheet is sensitive to temperature changes, can quickly respond to a small temperature rise and adjust the vents for initial heat dissipation. The copper sheet triggers the liquid cooling system at a higher temperature threshold to further enhance heat dissipation. This hierarchical temperature control mechanism helps to maintain the uniformity and stability of the internal temperature of the motor, reduce the risk of motor performance fluctuations or component failures caused by local overheating, and effectively improve the overall performance and operating safety of the motor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a side view of a permanent magnet synchronous motor control device; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the stator structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor control device; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor control device; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor control device; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a windshield structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor control device; Figure 6 for Figure 3 The enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 7 for Figure 4 The enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 8 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point C in the middle.

[0022] In the figure: 1. electric motor; 101. stator; 102. rotor; 103. motor shaft; 2. control box; 201. mounting sleeve; 202. limit column; 3. metal sheet; 4. wind shield; 401. sprocket; 402. chain; 403. winding drum; 404. pull rope; 5. heat dissipation channel; 501. liquid cooling pipe; 502. linear switch; 6. phase change material chamber; 601. cover; 602. centrifugal trigger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] See also Figure 1-8 , the present invention provides a technical solution: A permanent magnet synchronous motor control device comprises a motor 1, wherein the motor 1 comprises a stator 101, a rotor 102 and a motor shaft 103, and further comprises a control box 2, wherein the control box 2 is located at one side of the motor 1, wherein a mounting sleeve 201 is provided in the control box 2, wherein a metal sheet 3 is provided in the mounting sleeve 201, wherein both ends of the metal sheet 3 are bent to one side, and a limiting column 202 is provided on the other side of the metal sheet 3, wherein the mounting sleeve 201 is located at the middle end of the metal sheet 3, and the metal sheet 3 is an iron sheet.

[0025] A vent is provided on the side wall of the motor 1, in which a windshield 4 is rotatably connected. There are multiple windshields 4, each of which is provided with a sprocket 401. A chain 402 is arranged between the sprockets 401. A winding drum 403 is arranged on at least one of the sprockets 401. The winding drum 403 is connected to the motor 1 through a rotating shaft. A torsion spring is arranged on the outer side of the rotating shaft. Two ends of the torsion spring are fixedly connected to the winding drum 403 and the motor 1 respectively. A wire hole is provided in the motor 1, in which a pull rope 404 is arranged. Two ends of the pull rope 404 are fixedly connected to one end of the metal sheet 3 and the winding drum 403 respectively.

[0026] The wind shields 4 are divided into two groups. The two groups of wind shields 4 are respectively arranged on the top and bottom surfaces of the motor 1 . Both ends of the metal sheet 3 are connected with a pull rope 404 .

[0027] At room temperature, the metal sheet 3 (iron sheet) is in a relatively stable state. At this time, the wind shield 4 is in an initial position, and the ventilation area of ​​the vent is kept at a certain size to maintain proper air convection inside the motor 1 for basic heat dissipation.

[0028] When the temperature of the motor 1 increases due to an increase in the load of the motor 1 or an extension of the running time, the metal sheet 3 (iron sheet) expands due to the heat.

[0029] Since both ends of the metal sheet 3 (iron sheet) are bent toward one side, the deformation force is transmitted to the winding drum 403 on the sprocket 401 through the pull rope 404 .

[0030] One end of the pull rope 404 is fixed to the end of the metal sheet 3 (iron sheet), and the other end is fixed to the winding drum 403. The bending of the metal sheet 3 (iron sheet) pulls the pull rope 404, thereby rotating the winding drum 403.

[0031] The multiple windshields 4 are connected into a linkage system through the sprockets 401 and the chains 402 , and the rotation of one winding drum 403 will drive the other sprockets 401 to rotate synchronously with the help of the chain 402 , so that all the windshields 4 rotate synchronously.

[0032] During the rotation of the wind shield 4, the shielding area of ​​the vent is changed, and the opening degree of the vent is increased, so that the external cold air can enter the motor 1 more smoothly, and the hot air can be discharged more efficiently, which accelerates the heat exchange between the internal heat of the motor 1 and the external environment, and enhances the air-cooling heat dissipation effect, thereby effectively reducing the internal temperature of the motor 1 and avoiding problems such as performance degradation and component damage of the motor 1 due to overheating.

[0033] When the temperature of the motor 1 decreases, the metal sheet 3 (iron sheet) gradually shrinks and returns to its original state, the pulling force of the pull rope 404 on the winding drum 403 decreases, and under the action of the torsion spring, the wind shield 4 rotates in the opposite direction, and the ventilation area of ​​the vent gradually returns to its initial smaller state, reducing unnecessary heat loss and allowing the motor 1 to operate stably within a suitable temperature range.

[0034] By utilizing the thermal expansion and contraction characteristics of the metal sheet 3 (iron sheet), the function of automatically adjusting the ventilation area of ​​the vent according to the actual operating temperature of the motor 1 is realized, without the need for additional complex electronic control systems and sensors to monitor the temperature and control the heat dissipation components.

[0035] This intelligent adjustment method can adapt to the heating changes of the motor 1 in real time, ensuring that the motor 1 can obtain appropriate heat dissipation intensity under different working conditions, thereby improving the accuracy and timeliness of heat dissipation.

[0036] The entire heat dissipation adjustment structure is mainly composed of relatively simple mechanical parts such as a metal sheet 3, a pull rope 404, a sprocket 401, a chain 402, and a windshield 4.

[0037] Compared with complex electronic cooling control systems, its structure is simple, which reduces the risk of cooling system failure due to electronic component failure, electromagnetic interference and other problems, greatly improves the reliability and stability of the cooling system, and reduces maintenance costs and difficulty.

[0038] When the temperature of the motor 1 is low, the ventilation area of ​​the vent is small, which reduces unnecessary air convection and reduces heat loss and energy waste caused by excessive ventilation. When the temperature of the motor 1 rises and heat dissipation needs to be enhanced, the ventilation area is automatically increased to improve the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0039] This adaptive heat dissipation method achieves energy saving while ensuring the normal operation of the motor 1, thereby improving the overall energy utilization efficiency of the motor 1.

[0040] This heat dissipation control scheme is applicable to permanent magnet synchronous motors 1 in a variety of different operating environments and working conditions. Whether in a relatively stable environment in industrial production or in some application scenarios where temperature fluctuations and large load changes may exist, it can effectively adjust the temperature of the motor 1, ensure the stable operation of the motor 1, extend the service life of the motor 1, and improve the adaptability and versatility of the motor 1 in different fields of application.

[0041] Furthermore, it also includes a heat dissipation channel 5, which is opened in the rotor 102. A liquid cooling pipe 501 is arranged in the heat dissipation channel 5. The liquid cooling pipe 501 is filled with coolant. The liquid cooling pipe 501 is connected to a circulation pump. The coolant in the liquid cooling pipe 501 is an ethylene glycol aqueous solution.

[0042] Two metal sheets 3 are provided in the control box 2, and the other metal sheet 3 is a copper sheet. A linear switch 502 is provided in the control box 2, and the linear switch 502 is located below the movable end of the other metal sheet 3. A flow regulating valve is provided at the interface between the circulating pump and the liquid cooling pipe 501, and the linear switch 502 is electrically connected to the flow regulating valve.

[0043] The heat generated by the motor 1 during operation will cause the metal sheet 3 (copper sheet) in the control box 2 to expand and contract. The iron sheet is mainly used to control the wind shield 4 to adjust the size of the vent to achieve preliminary adjustment of air cooling.

[0044] However, due to the different thermal expansion coefficients of copper sheets and iron sheets, when the temperature rises to a certain level, it will produce greater bending deformation.

[0045] When the copper sheet is bent to a certain extent, its movable end will touch the linear switch 502 .

[0046] When the linear switch 502 is triggered, an electrical signal is generated and transmitted to the flow control valve. After receiving the signal, the flow control valve adjusts the opening according to the preset control logic.

[0047] The circulation pump drives the ethylene glycol aqueous solution to circulate in the liquid cooling pipe 501 , and the liquid cooling pipe 501 is located in the heat dissipation channel 5 of the rotor 102 .

[0048] When the flow regulating valve opening increases, the flow rate of the coolant in the liquid cooling pipe 501 increases, which can absorb the heat generated by the rotor 102 more quickly, bring the heat out of the rotor 102 and dissipate it into the surrounding environment in an external heat dissipation device (such as a radiator); when the flow regulating valve opening decreases, the coolant flow rate decreases, and the heat dissipation intensity is correspondingly reduced.

[0049] Through the coordinated work of the copper sheet, the linear switch 502 and the flow control valve, precise control of the liquid cooling intensity according to the temperature of the motor 1 is achieved.

[0050] The combination of the copper sheet and the linear switch 502 is added to control the liquid cooling system. Compared with the air cooling adjustment that only relies on the iron sheet control, the heat dissipation can be adjusted more accurately according to the temperature of the motor 1.

[0051] When the temperature of the motor 1 is low, the heat is mainly dissipated by air cooling controlled by the iron sheet. When the temperature rises to a certain level, the copper sheet triggers the adjustment of the liquid cooling system, so that the heat dissipation method gradually transitions from simple air cooling to the coordination of air cooling and liquid cooling, and the liquid cooling intensity can be accurately adjusted according to the temperature change, which effectively avoids the overheating or overcooling of the motor 1 under different working conditions, ensures that the motor 1 always runs efficiently within the appropriate temperature range, improves the working stability and reliability of the motor 1, and extends the service life of the motor 1.

[0052] It combines air cooling and liquid cooling, and achieves collaborative work between the two through ingenious mechanical and electrical control.

[0053] In the initial stage of operation of motor 1 or when the load is light and the temperature is not high, the air cooling mode is sufficient to meet the heat dissipation needs, save energy and reduce the loss of the liquid cooling system; when motor 1 is in high load, long-term operation and other working conditions causing the temperature to rise, the liquid cooling system intervenes in time and accurately adjusts according to the temperature. The two heat dissipation modes complement each other, improve the adaptability and effectiveness of the entire heat dissipation system, and can cope with more complex operating environments and operating conditions of motor 1. Changes.

[0054] Since the bimetallic strip 3 (copper strip) is used to control different heat dissipation links respectively, the temperature control of the motor 1 is made more detailed and comprehensive.

[0055] The iron sheet is more sensitive to temperature changes and can start adjusting the vents for initial heat dissipation when the temperature rises slightly, while the copper sheet triggers the liquid cooling system to further enhance heat dissipation at higher temperatures. This hierarchical temperature control can better maintain the uniformity and stability of the internal temperature of the motor 1, reduce the risk of performance degradation or component damage of the motor 1 due to local overheating, and improve the overall performance and safety of the motor 1.

[0056] The heat dissipation control solution has certain flexibility and scalability.

[0057] For example, according to the specific application scenario and heat dissipation requirements of the motor 1, the material selection of the metal sheet 3 can be further optimized (such as selecting other metal combinations with different thermal expansion coefficients), the trigger temperature point of the linear switch 502 and the control strategy of the flow control valve can be adjusted.

[0058] At the same time, it is also convenient to add other cooling auxiliary means or integrate with other motor 1 control systems in subsequent upgrades and renovations to adapt to the evolving motor 1 technology and application requirements.

[0059] Furthermore, it also includes a phase change material chamber 6, which is located in the rotor 102, a cover 601 is provided on the top surface of the phase change material chamber 6, a centrifugal trigger 602 is provided on the motor shaft 103, and the filling material of the phase change material chamber 6 is paraffin.

[0060] As a phase change material, paraffin wax has a large latent heat of phase change. When the temperature of the motor 1 rises, it can absorb and store a large amount of heat, preventing the temperature of the rotor 102 from rising sharply, effectively protecting the rotor 102 and other components inside the motor 1 (such as permanent magnets) from high temperature damage, and maintaining the stability of the performance of the motor 1. When the temperature drops, it can release heat, so that the temperature of the motor 1 does not drop too quickly, reducing the thermal stress fatigue of the components caused by frequent temperature fluctuations, and extending the overall service life of the motor 1.

[0061] During the operation of the motor 1, when the rotation speed reaches a certain value, the centrifugal trigger 602 installed on the motor shaft 103 starts to act.

[0062] Due to the effect of centrifugal force, the centrifugal trigger 602 overcomes relevant resistance (such as spring force, friction force, etc.) and generates displacement or deformation, thereby opening the cover 601 of the phase change material chamber 6.

[0063] The phase change material chamber 6 is located inside the rotor 102 and is filled with paraffin.

[0064] Before the cover 601 is opened, the heat exchange between the paraffin and the outside is limited. When the cover 601 is opened, the paraffin begins to exchange heat with the environment inside the rotor 102 of the motor 1.

[0065] When the temperature of the motor 1 rises, the paraffin absorbs heat and gradually changes from a solid state to a liquid state. During this process, the paraffin absorbs a large amount of latent heat, thereby effectively reducing the temperature rise rate of the rotor 102 and playing a role in suppressing overheating of the motor 1.

[0066] When the temperature of the motor 1 decreases, the liquid paraffin releases heat, solidifies again, and dissipates the heat back to the rotor 102 environment, which helps to maintain the relative stability of the temperature of the rotor 102 and reduce the impact of temperature fluctuations on the performance of the motor 1.

[0067] Combined with air cooling and liquid cooling, a multi-dimensional heat dissipation system is formed.

[0068] Under extreme operating conditions such as high-speed operation or high-load operation of the motor 1, when air cooling and liquid cooling cannot fully meet the demand, phase change cooling can be supplemented in time to enhance the overall heat dissipation capacity and ensure that the motor 1 can operate reliably under various complex operating conditions.

[0069] Especially in some cases where the instantaneous heat generation is large or the heat dissipation conditions are limited, the heat storage and temperature regulation function of the phase change material can provide additional temperature buffer for the motor 1, thereby improving the thermal stability and reliability of the motor 1.

[0070] The phase change material chamber 6 is arranged inside the rotor 102, which fully utilizes the internal space of the motor 1 without adding additional external volume, making the heat dissipation system structure of the entire motor 1 more compact.

[0071] This integrated design is conducive to the application of the motor 1 in equipment or scenarios with high space requirements, such as some precision instruments, miniaturized industrial equipment, etc., and improves the applicability and versatility of the motor 1.

[0072] The phase change heat dissipation process is carried out automatically based on the physical properties of paraffin and does not require additional complex control circuits or sensors for precise adjustment.

[0073] As long as the speed of motor 1 reaches the trigger condition, phase change cooling will start, which has strong adaptive ability. And it is a passive cooling method. No extra electric energy is consumed, which improves the energy utilization efficiency of the motor 1 to a certain extent and reduces the operating cost.

[0074] The above design enables timely response and basic heat dissipation when the temperature of the motor 1 is low or in the early stage of temperature rise, thereby ensuring proper air convection inside the motor 1.

[0075] When the temperature rises further, the copper sheet triggers the intervention of the liquid cooling system. The circulation pump drives the ethylene glycol aqueous solution to circulate in the liquid cooling pipe 501 of the heat dissipation channel 5 of the rotor 102. The flow regulating valve accurately adjusts the coolant flow rate according to the linear switch 502 signal triggered by the copper sheet, thereby accurately controlling the liquid cooling heat dissipation intensity.

[0076] However, under extreme operating conditions such as high-speed operation and high load of the motor 1, when air cooling and liquid cooling still cannot fully meet the heat dissipation requirements, the centrifugal trigger 602 will be actuated when the shaft speed of the motor 1 reaches a certain value, and the cover 601 of the phase change material chamber 6 in the rotor 102 will be opened. The paraffin will absorb or release heat by using its phase change latent heat, effectively reducing the temperature rise rate of the rotor 102 or maintaining its temperature stable, avoiding performance degradation or component damage of the motor 1 due to overheating, ensuring that the motor 1 always operates efficiently within the appropriate temperature range, and greatly improving the heat dissipation efficiency and the accuracy of temperature control.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet synchronous motor control device, comprising a motor (1), wherein the motor (1) comprises a stator (101), a rotor (102) and a motor shaft (103), characterized in that: The motor (1) further comprises a control box (2), the control box (2) being located on one side of the motor (1), a metal sheet (3) being arranged in the control box (2), a ventilation hole being provided on the side wall of the motor (1), a windshield (4) being rotatably connected to the windshield, a plurality of windshields (4), each of the windshields (4) being provided with a sprocket (401), a chain (402) being arranged between the sprockets (401), a winding drum (403) being arranged on at least one of the sprockets (401), a wire hole being provided in the motor (1), a pull rope (404) being arranged in the wire hole, and two ends of the pull rope (404) being respectively fixedly connected to one end of the metal sheet (3) and the winding drum (403).

2. A permanent magnet synchronous motor control device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a heat dissipation channel (5), the heat dissipation channel (5) being opened in the rotor (102), a liquid cooling pipe (501) being arranged in the heat dissipation channel (5), the liquid cooling pipe (501) being filled with coolant, and the liquid cooling pipe (501) being connected to a circulation pump.

3. A permanent magnet synchronous motor control device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The control box (2) is provided with two metal sheets (3), the deformation temperature of the other metal sheet (3) being higher, the control box (2) is provided with a linear switch (502), the linear switch (502) being located below the movable end of the other metal sheet (3), a flow regulating valve being provided at the interface between the circulation pump and the liquid cooling pipe (501), the linear switch (502) being electrically connected to the flow regulating valve.

4. A permanent magnet synchronous motor control device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: It also comprises a phase change material chamber (6), the phase change material chamber (6) being located in the rotor (102), a cover (601) being provided on the top surface of the phase change material chamber (6), and a centrifugal trigger (602) being provided on the motor shaft (103).

5. A permanent magnet synchronous motor control device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The wind shields (4) are divided into two groups, and the two groups of wind shields (4) are respectively arranged on the top and bottom surfaces of the motor (1), and both ends of the metal sheet (3) are connected to a pull rope (404).

6. A permanent magnet synchronous motor control device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The two metal sheets (3) are respectively a copper sheet and an iron sheet.

7. A permanent magnet synchronous motor control device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The cooling liquid in the liquid cooling pipe (501) is an ethylene glycol aqueous solution.

8. A permanent magnet synchronous motor control device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The phase change material chamber (6) is filled with paraffin.

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