An active load-balanced out-of-phase amplifier and its design method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of microwave power amplifiers, and discloses an active load-balanced out-of-phase amplifier and a design method thereof. The active load-balanced out-of-phase amplifier provided by the present invention comprises: a signal separator, a balanced structure 1, a balanced structure 2, and a novel synthetic structure. The present invention introduces an active load-balanced structure into the out-of-phase amplifier circuit to replace the commonly used switch-type amplifier, thereby ensuring that the power amplifier not only maintains high efficiency in a saturated working mode, but also maintains high efficiency in a non-saturated power back-off state. The present invention improves the dilemma that the traditional switch-type out-of-phase power amplifier cannot work in a power back-off state, so that the entire transmitter can work efficiently in different power states to cope with different power task requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave power amplifiers, and in particular relates to an active load-balanced out-of-phase amplifier and a design method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The current situation faced by communication systems is that channel quality and electromagnetic environment are becoming increasingly poor, and communications are faced with various interferences, resulting in increasingly poor communication effects. In addition, operators hope that the communication system can further improve system efficiency, save energy consumption, control costs, and improve system reliability. The design pressure of communication transmitters is gradually increasing.

[0003] In order to meet these needs and improve the energy consumption control and reliability of the communication system, it is necessary to improve the system performance through continuous research, and in the process of improvement, higher requirements are put forward for the gain, efficiency, power dynamic range and linearization of the power amplifier. The out-of-phase amplifier can take into account the efficiency and linearity characteristics of the transmitter at the same time, but it cannot work in the power back-off state. The active load balancing amplifier can efficiently complete the transmission task requirements in the power back-off state. The new architecture proposed by combining the advantages of both makes the system have the performance advantages of high efficiency, high linearity and high power dynamic range, which is of great value for the research of transmitters.

[0004] Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows:

[0005] The current situation faced by communication systems is that channel quality and electromagnetic environment are becoming increasingly poor, and communications are faced with various interferences, resulting in increasingly poor communication effects. In addition, operators hope that the communication system can further improve system efficiency, save energy consumption, control costs, and improve system reliability. The design pressure of communication transmitters is gradually increasing. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an active load-balanced out-of-phase amplifier and a design method thereof.

[0007] The present invention is implemented in that an active load balancing out-of-phase amplifier comprises:

[0008] Signal separator, balanced structure 1, balanced structure 2, new synthesis structure;

[0009] The signal separator decomposes the input RF signal into RF input 1 and RF input 2 of equal amplitude and different phase; RF input 1 enters balanced structure 1, and RF input 2 enters balanced structure 2, and finally the two signals are synthesized at the new synthesis structure.

[0010] Furthermore, one end of the signal separator is connected to the RF input signal, and the other end is respectively connected to the balanced structure 1 and the balanced structure 2; the signal separator can decompose the input RF signal into RF input 1 and RF input 2 of equal amplitude and different phases, and send the RF input 1 to the balanced structure 1, and send the RF input 2 to the balanced structure 2.

[0011] Furthermore, one end of the novel synthesis structure is connected to the balanced structure 1 and the balanced structure 2 respectively, and the other end is connected to the RF output, so as to efficiently synthesize and output the two output signals of the balanced structure 1 and the balanced structure 2.

[0012] Furthermore, the power amplifier further includes: a balanced structure 1 and a balanced structure 2.

[0013] Furthermore, the balanced structure 1 and the balanced structure 2 are exactly the same, that is, the balanced structure 1 and the balanced structure 2 have the same circuit structure and the same parameters, and the balanced circuit structure includes: a power divider, a phase compensator, a broadband coupling structure 1, two peak power amplifiers biased in a class C state, a broadband coupling structure 2 and a main power amplifier biased in a class AB state.

[0014] Furthermore, the balanced branch signal enters the main power amplifier through the power divider, and the other branch signal passes through the phase compensator and the broadband coupling structure 1 and is then divided into two signals that are amplified by two identical peak power amplifiers BA1 respectively, and the signals that pass through the main power amplifier are synthesized at the broadband coupling structure 2.

[0015] Another object of the present invention is to provide an active load-balanced out-of-phase amplifier design method comprising:

[0016] Step 1: Design a broadband high-efficiency balanced structure to replace the switch amplifier in the traditional out-of-phase amplifier, so that the out-of-phase amplifier can work in the power back-off state;

[0017] Step 2: Use a signal separator to decompose the RF input signal into equal-amplitude out-of-phase signals suitable for a balanced out-of-phase structure;

[0018] Step 3: Design a new and efficient synthesis structure to efficiently synthesize the two output signals of the balanced structure, improve the performance of the power amplifier, and obtain the final power amplifier.

[0019] In combination with the above technical solutions and the technical problems solved, the advantages and positive effects of the technical solutions to be protected by the present invention are as follows:

[0020] First, by introducing an active load balancing structure in the out-of-phase power amplifier circuit to replace the commonly used switch amplifier, it is ensured that the out-of-phase power amplifier can maintain high efficiency not only in the saturated working mode, but also in the non-saturated power back-off state, thereby improving the dilemma that the traditional switch-type out-of-phase power amplifier cannot work in the power back-off state, so that the entire transmitter can work efficiently in different power states to cope with different power task requirements;

[0021] This architecture has the advantages of out-of-phase power amplifier and active load balancing architecture, and has the performance advantages of high efficiency, high linearity and high power dynamic range, and is of great value for the research of future transmitters.

[0022] Second, currently, active load-balanced out-of-phase amplifiers are widely used in high-frequency signal processing and communication systems. However, the prior art has the following major technical problems:

[0023] 1. Insufficient signal distortion and interference suppression: Traditional out-of-phase amplifiers often have difficulty effectively suppressing common-mode interference and signal distortion during signal separation and synthesis, resulting in a decrease in output signal quality and affecting the overall performance of the communication system.

[0024] 2. Low power amplification efficiency: The energy utilization rate of existing amplifiers is not high during signal amplification, resulting in large power loss, affecting the energy efficiency of the system and the stability of long-term operation.

[0025] 3. Poor system stability: In traditional designs, the asymmetry of the balanced structure or improper load matching can easily cause system instability, resulting in oscillation or signal distortion in the amplifier under high-frequency working conditions.

[0026] 4. Low device integration: Existing amplifiers are complex in design and have a low degree of modularity, making it difficult to achieve high integration and miniaturization, which limits their promotion and application in portable and high-density integrated applications.

[0027] 5. High manufacturing cost: The complex signal separation and synthesis structure leads to complex production process and high manufacturing cost, which limits the economic feasibility of large-scale commercial applications.

[0028] The present invention provides an active load-balanced out-of-phase amplifier, which effectively solves the above technical problems by optimizing the design of a signal separator, a balanced structure 1 and a balanced structure 2, and a novel synthetic structure. The specific method includes:

[0029] 1. Optimize the signal separator design: Use advanced signal separation technology to accurately decompose the input RF signal into two RF inputs 1 and RF input 2 with equal amplitude and different phases, ensuring the accuracy and symmetry of signal separation and reducing the introduction of common mode interference.

[0030] 2. Improved balanced structure: Balanced structure 1 and balanced structure 2 adopt a symmetrical design and are equipped with a high-efficiency matching network and low-noise amplifying components to improve the efficiency and quality of signal amplification, ensure the consistency and symmetry of the two signals during the amplification process, and further suppress signal distortion.

[0031] 3. Innovative synthesis structure: The new synthesis structure adopts an efficient differential synthesis method to accurately control the phase and amplitude of the two signals to achieve efficient signal synthesis output. This design not only improves the power and quality of the output signal, but also enhances the anti-interference ability of the amplifier and the system stability.

[0032] 4. Integrated design: Through the highly integrated design of modular and balanced structure, the overall system structure is simplified, the miniaturization and high integration of the equipment are achieved, which is convenient for application in portable and high-density integrated applications.

[0033] 5. Cost optimization: The use of simplified manufacturing processes and efficient material selection reduces the production cost of the amplifier, improves economic efficiency, and promotes the feasibility of large-scale commercial applications.

[0034] III. Significant Technological Progress

[0035] Through the above technical solution, the active load-balanced out-of-phase amplifier of the present invention has achieved significant technical progress in industrial applications:

[0036] 1. Significantly improve signal quality: The optimized signal separation and synthesis structure effectively suppresses common-mode interference and signal distortion, significantly improves the purity and stability of the output signal, and meets the needs of high-frequency communication systems for high-quality signals.

[0037] 2. Improve amplification efficiency: Through the application of efficient matching networks and low-noise amplification components, the power amplification efficiency of the amplifier is greatly improved, which reduces energy loss, extends the service life of the equipment, and reduces operating costs.

[0038] 3. Enhanced system stability: The optimization of symmetrical design and balanced structure significantly improves the stability of the system, prevents oscillation and signal distortion under high-frequency conditions, and ensures the reliability of the amplifier in various working environments.

[0039] 4. Achieve high integration and miniaturization: The highly integrated design of modular and balanced structure makes the amplifier smaller and lighter, which is convenient for use in portable devices and high-density integrated systems, expanding its application range.

[0040] 5. Reduce manufacturing costs: Simplified manufacturing processes and efficient use of materials have significantly reduced the production cost of the amplifier, improved the market competitiveness of the product, and promoted its large-scale commercial application.

[0041] 6. Broad industrial application prospects: The active load-balanced out-of-phase amplifier of the present invention is widely used in multiple high-frequency signal processing fields such as communication equipment, high-frequency radar systems, and radio receivers due to its superior signal processing capability, efficient amplification performance, and economical manufacturing cost, and has promoted the technological progress and development of related industries.

[0042] The present invention successfully solves the technical bottlenecks of existing active load-balanced out-of-phase amplifiers in terms of signal quality, amplification efficiency, system stability, equipment integration, and manufacturing cost by optimizing the signal separator, balanced structure, and the new synthetic structure design of balanced structure 1 and balanced structure 2. Its application in the fields of high-frequency communication and signal processing not only significantly improves the performance and reliability of the amplifier, but also promotes the widespread promotion of the amplifier in portable and large-scale commercial applications through high-integration and low-cost design. In summary, the technical solution of the present invention has significant technical progress and broad application prospects in industrial applications, and has important market value and promotion significance.

[0043] Third, whether the technical solution of the present invention solves the technical problems that people have been eager to solve but have never succeeded: efficiency is one of the most important indicators of power amplifiers, and is closely related to the energy consumption, thermal management, output power, and reliability of power amplifiers. As the amount of data required to transmit information in communication systems continues to increase, in order to improve the efficiency and reliability of data transmission, multi-tone signals and modulated signals are widely used in communication systems, so the linear characteristics of power amplifiers have become important design indicators. As the main source of nonlinearity in mobile communication systems, the efficiency and linearity of power amplifiers are both core indicators and mutually constrained design goals. How to simultaneously meet the requirements of power fallback, high efficiency, and high linearity in communication systems and propose a more promising power amplifier architecture solution to solve efficiency and linearity is a technical problem that researchers have been studying. The sub-amplifiers in the out-of-phase power amplifier often work simultaneously for a long time and have a certain mirror relationship. In the out-of-phase power amplifier, since the input signal is divided into multiple constant amplitude signals, the power amplifiers of the branches can often work at high efficiency without generating gain compression. This is also the reason why out-of-phase power amplifiers can take into account both high linearity and high efficiency. However, the traditional out-of-phase power amplifier must work in a saturated working state and cannot meet the needs of future communication power back-off. The active load balancing out-of-phase power amplifier provided by the present invention adds an active load structure to the out-of-phase amplifier, which makes up for the architectural defect that the traditional out-of-phase amplifier cannot work in a power back-off state. It is an advanced power amplifier architecture that takes into account power back-off, high efficiency, and high linearity, and provides an excellent performance power amplifier solution for efficient transmission of modulated signals.

[0044] Whether the technical solution of the present invention overcomes technical prejudice: In the traditional out-of-phase power amplifier technology theory, two ideal voltage sources are used to drive the out-of-phase synthesizer, which requires the amplifier to always maintain a saturated working mode. However, when the power amplifier gain is not high enough, it will not only increase the distortion of the signal, but also the power added efficiency will be lower than expected. In the non-saturated fallback state, the switch power amplifier cannot guarantee its efficiency, which leads to the inability of the out-of-phase power amplifier to be promoted in the existing communication system. The active load balancing out-of-phase power amplifier architecture can effectively improve this situation, so that the entire transmitter can work efficiently in different power states to meet the power task requirements. In the actual out-of-phase circuit, when the phase difference between the two paths is not 0, the imaginary parts of the two branch circuits of the synthesizer cannot be offset, presenting a complex impedance value. When the two branches have phase components, the inductive current pulling effect will be triggered, so that the actual current passing through and the voltage at both ends have a phase offset. And the entire circuit is in a mismatched state, and the impedance values ​​of the two branches will also change dynamically with the change of the phase angle. This phenomenon has a significant impact on the performance of the entire out-of-phase power amplifier technology. Therefore, in the Chireix synthesizer, the corresponding conjugate reactances ±jB are connected in parallel at the two branch ports to offset the imaginary component and achieve high efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of an active load-balanced out-of-phase amplifier provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of a novel synthesis circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 3 The present invention provides a flow chart of an active load-balanced out-of-phase amplifier design method.

[0048] Figure 4 It is a rendering of the effect of the active load balancing out-of-phase amplifier provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, an active load-balanced out-of-phase amplifier provided by an embodiment of the present invention comprises:

[0051] Signal separator, balanced structure 1, balanced structure 2, new synthesis structure;

[0052] The signal separator decomposes the input RF signal into RF input 1 and RF input 2 of equal amplitude and different phase; RF input 1 enters balanced structure 1, and RF input 2 enters balanced structure 2, and finally the two signals are synthesized at the new synthesis structure.

[0053] One end of the signal separator provided in an embodiment of the present invention is connected to the RF input signal, and the other end is respectively connected to the balanced structure 1 and the balanced structure 2; the signal separator can decompose the input RF signal into RF input 1 and RF input 2 of equal amplitude and different phases, and send the RF input 1 to the balanced structure 1, and send the RF input 2 to the balanced structure 2.

[0054] One end of the novel synthesis structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention is respectively connected to the balanced structure 1 and the balanced structure 2, and the other end is connected to the RF output, so as to efficiently synthesize and output the two output signals of the balanced structure 1 and the balanced structure 2.

[0055] The signal separator of the present invention decomposes the input RF signal into two signals of equal amplitude but 180° phase difference, namely RF input 1 and RF input 2, through internal circuit design (such as 180° mixer or power divider). This signal separation design ensures that the two signals can maintain symmetry in the subsequent amplification and processing stages, while eliminating common-mode interference in the input signal.

[0056] RF input 1 enters balanced structure 1 through a signal splitter for amplification, and RF input 2 enters balanced structure 2 for amplification. Balanced structures 1 and 2 are each composed of an active load, which contains an out-of-phase amplifier unit, which can linearly amplify the signal under load balance conditions. This stage ensures that the two signals have low distortion during the amplification process, while improving the overall power efficiency and linearity of the system.

[0057] After the two amplified RF signals are output from the balanced structures 1 and 2 respectively, they enter the new synthesis structure. The new synthesis structure uses a power synthesis circuit or other passive synthesis network to efficiently synthesize the power of the two RF signals. Since the input signals are equal in amplitude and out of phase, the synthesis structure can suppress even harmonics and noise to the greatest extent, thereby outputting a pure and efficient RF signal.

[0058] The output end of the novel synthesis structure is connected to the RF output end, and the synthesized signal is output in a complete form. Since the present invention adopts active load balancing technology in the process of signal separation, amplification and synthesis, the overall system has higher power gain, lower nonlinear distortion and stronger signal suppression ability, and is widely applicable to RF systems with high linearity and high efficiency requirements.

[0059] An active load-balanced out-of-phase amplifier provided in an embodiment of the present invention is mainly composed of a signal separator, a balanced structure 1, a balanced structure 2 and a new synthesis structure. The core function of the amplifier is to efficiently process and amplify the input radio frequency (RF) signal to ensure the integrity and stability of the signal. First, the signal separator receives an external input radio frequency signal and decomposes it into two equal-amplitude and out-of-phase radio frequency signals, respectively referred to as radio frequency input 1 and radio frequency input 2. Radio frequency input 1 and radio frequency input 2 have the same amplitude, but the phase difference is 180 degrees (out-of-phase). This separation process lays the foundation for subsequent balanced processing and signal synthesis, ensuring the consistency and symmetry of the signal at each processing stage.

[0060] The RF input 1 is fed into a balanced structure 1, which is designed to further process and amplify the RF signal while maintaining the balance and symmetry of the signal. The balanced structure 1 generally includes a matching network, an amplifying element (such as a bipolar transistor or a field effect transistor), and a load matching circuit. The function of the matching network is to ensure that the signal has the best impedance matching when entering the amplifying element, thereby minimizing signal reflection and loss. The amplifying element amplifies the gain of the RF input 1 while maintaining the balanced characteristics of the output signal through the load matching circuit. This process not only improves the power and quality of the signal, but also suppresses noise and interference, ensuring the purity of the amplified signal.

[0061] RF input 2 is sent to balanced structure 2. Similar to balanced structure 1, balanced structure 2 is responsible for processing and amplifying RF input 2. Since RF input 2 is out of phase with RF input 1, the design of balanced structure 2 also includes matching network, amplifying elements and load matching circuit to ensure that the amplification process of RF input 2 is consistent with balanced structure 1. By independently amplifying two out-of-phase signals, balanced structure 2 can maintain the symmetry and consistency of the signal without introducing additional phase shift. This independent processing method provides a high-quality and phase-consistent signal source for subsequent signal synthesis, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the final output signal.

[0062] The two RF signals processed by the balanced structure 1 and the balanced structure 2 are finally synthesized at the new synthesis structure. The new synthesis structure usually adopts a differential synthesis method to resynthesize the two out-of-phase signals into a single signal. Specifically, the new synthesis structure includes a differential amplifier or a synthesis circuit, which realizes effective signal synthesis by precisely controlling the phase and amplitude of the two signals. Since the RF input 1 and the RF input 2 remain out of phase after passing through the balanced structure, the new synthesis structure can use this feature to superimpose the two signals, further enhance the power output of the signal, and maintain the balance of the signal. This synthesis process not only improves the output power of the amplifier, but also enhances the anti-interference ability and stability of the signal.

[0063] The active load-balanced out-of-phase amplifier of the present invention realizes symmetrical amplification and stable output of signals through independent processing of balanced structure 1 and balanced structure 2, and efficient synthesis of a new synthesis structure. Its active load balancing mechanism can effectively suppress common-mode interference, reduce signal distortion, and improve the signal-to-noise ratio. In addition, by accurately controlling the phase and amplitude of RF input 1 and RF input 2, the amplifier can achieve more efficient power utilization and reduce energy loss. This balanced design not only improves the overall performance of the amplifier, but also extends the service life of the components and reduces maintenance costs, and has significant technical advantages and application value.

[0064] In industrial applications, the active load-balanced out-of-phase amplifier of the present invention shows significant technological progress and advantages. First, its efficient signal separation and synthesis capabilities give it broad application prospects in the fields of communication equipment, high-frequency radar systems, and radio receivers. Secondly, the independent processing of the balanced structure and the efficient synthesis of the new synthesis structure not only improve the amplification efficiency and quality of the signal, but also enhance the anti-interference ability of the system, and adapt to the stable operation requirements in complex electromagnetic environments. In addition, the modular design and easy integration of the amplifier facilitate flexible application in different devices and systems, and promote the innovation and development of related technologies. In summary, the active load-balanced out-of-phase amplifier of the present invention has made significant technological progress in improving signal processing performance, reducing energy consumption, and enhancing system stability, and has broad industrial application prospects and promotion value.

[0065] The present invention provides an active load-balanced out-of-phase amplifier, which decomposes the input radio frequency signal into two equal-amplitude out-of-phase signals through a signal separator, and respectively sends them to a balanced structure 1 and a balanced structure 2 for independent processing and amplification, and finally performs efficient signal synthesis at a new synthesis structure. Its balancing mechanism effectively suppresses common-mode interference, improves the amplification efficiency and quality of the signal, is suitable for various high-frequency communication and signal processing application scenarios, and has significant technical advantages and broad industrial application prospects.

[0066] The power amplifier provided by the embodiment of the present invention further includes: a balanced structure 1 and a balanced structure 2.

[0067] The balanced structure 1 and the balanced structure 2 provided in the embodiment of the present invention are exactly the same, that is, the balanced structure 1 and the balanced structure 2 have the same circuit structure and the same parameters, and the balanced circuit structure includes: a power divider, a phase compensator, a broadband coupling structure 1, two peak power amplifiers biased in a class C state, a broadband coupling structure 2 and a main power amplifier biased in a class AB state.

[0068] The balanced branch signal provided in the embodiment of the present invention enters the main power amplifier through the power divider, and the other branch signal passes through the phase compensator and the broadband coupling structure 1 and is then divided into two signals, which are amplified by two identical peak power amplifiers BA1 respectively, and the signals passing through the main power amplifier are synthesized at the broadband coupling structure 2.

[0069] like Figure 3 As shown, an active load-balanced out-of-phase amplifier design method provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0070] S101: Design a broadband high-efficiency balanced structure to replace the switch amplifier in the traditional out-of-phase amplifier, so that the out-of-phase amplifier can work in the power back-off state;

[0071] S102: using a signal separator to decompose the RF input signal into equal-amplitude out-of-phase signals suitable for a balanced out-of-phase structure;

[0072] S103: Design a new and efficient synthesis structure to efficiently synthesize the two output signals of the balanced structure, improve the performance of the power amplifier, and obtain the final power amplifier.

[0073] The present invention is specifically implemented:

[0074] An active load balancing structure is introduced into the out-of-phase amplifier circuit to replace the commonly used switch amplifier, ensuring that the power amplifier can maintain high efficiency not only in the saturated working mode, but also in the non-saturated power back-off state. The present invention improves the dilemma that the traditional out-of-phase power amplifier using a switch cannot work in the power back-off state, so that the entire transmitter can work efficiently in different power states to cope with different power task requirements;

[0075] One end of the signal separator is connected to the RF input signal, and the other end is respectively connected to the balanced structure 1 and the balanced structure 2. The signal separator can decompose the input RF signal into RF input 1 and RF input 2 of equal amplitude and different phases, and send the RF input 1 to the balanced structure 1, and the RF input 2 to the balanced structure 2.

[0076] One end of the novel synthesis structure is connected to the balanced structure 1 and the balanced structure 2 respectively, and the other end is connected to the RF output, so as to efficiently synthesize and output the two-way output signals of the balanced structure 1 and the balanced structure 2;

[0077] The power amplifier further comprises: a balanced structure 1 and a balanced structure 2;

[0078] The balanced structure 1 and the balanced structure 2 are exactly the same, that is, the balanced structure 1 and the balanced structure 2 have the same circuit structure and the same parameters, and the balanced circuit structure includes: a power divider, a phase compensator, a broadband coupling structure 1, two peak power amplifiers biased in a class C state, a broadband coupling structure 2 and a main power amplifier biased in a class AB state.

[0079] The balanced branch signal passes through the power divider, one path enters the main power amplifier, and the other path passes through the phase compensator and the broadband coupling structure 1 and is then divided into two signals, which are amplified by two identical peak power amplifiers BA1 respectively, and the signals passing through the main power amplifier are synthesized at the broadband coupling structure 2.

[0080] An active load-balanced out-of-phase amplifier, the circuit is as follows Figure 1 As shown, it mainly includes a signal separator, two balanced branches and a new synthesis structure.

[0081] One end of the signal separator is connected to the RF input signal, and the other end is respectively connected to the balanced structure 1 and the balanced structure 2. The signal separator can decompose the input RF signal into RF input 1 and RF input 2 of equal amplitude and different phases, and send RF input 1 to balanced structure 1, and RF input 2 to balanced structure 2.

[0082] The balanced structure 1 and the balanced structure 2 are exactly the same, that is, the balanced structure 1 and the balanced structure 2 have the same circuit structure and the same parameters. The balanced circuit structure includes: a power divider, a phase compensator, a broadband coupling structure 1, two peak power amplifiers biased in a class C state, a broadband coupling structure 2 and a main power amplifier biased in a class AB state.

[0083] The signal of the balanced branch enters the main power amplifier after passing through the power divider, and the other signal is divided into two signals after passing through the phase compensator and the broadband coupling structure 1, and is amplified by two identical peak power amplifiers BA1 respectively, and the signal passing through the main power amplifier is synthesized at the broadband coupling structure 2.

[0084] One end of the new synthesis structure is connected to the balanced structure 1 and the balanced structure 2 respectively, and the other end is connected to the radio frequency output, so as to efficiently synthesize and output the two-way output signals of the balanced structure 1 and the balanced structure 2;

[0085] Since the active load balancing structure itself has good isolation, a more efficient non-isolated combiner can be selected when choosing a power combiner, which can ensure better linearity of the entire system while making the efficiency of the entire system higher.

[0086] In the actual circuit, when the phase difference between the two paths is not 0, the imaginary parts of the two branches of the synthesizer cannot be offset, presenting a complex impedance value. It can be seen that when the two branches have phase components, the reactance current pulling effect will be triggered, causing the actual current passing through and the voltage at both ends to have a phase offset. And the entire circuit is in a mismatched state, and the impedance values ​​of the two branches will also change dynamically with the change of the phase angle. This phenomenon will have a great impact on the performance of the entire out-of-phase power amplifier technology. Therefore, in the Chireix synthesizer, the corresponding conjugate reactance ±jB is connected in parallel at the two branch ports to offset the imaginary component and achieve high efficiency.

[0087] Add a symmetrical susceptance ±jB at the output end of each branch. In the actual LC structure Chireix synthesizer design, it is very inconvenient for designers to find the corresponding components because the lumped parameter elements cannot quickly determine the reactance value. Therefore, in RF circuit design, microstrip lines are mostly used for transmission circuit design. They have a wide frequency band, good stability, and are easy to simulate and control during circuit simulation, providing controllable variables for circuit design and greatly reducing the difficulty of design. The structure to be adopted is as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0088] In summary, the technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a design method for an active load-balanced out-of-phase amplifier. By introducing an active load-balancing structure into the out-of-phase power amplifier circuit to replace the commonly used switch-type amplifier, it is ensured that the out-of-phase power amplifier not only maintains high efficiency in the saturated working mode, but also maintains high efficiency in the non-saturated power back-off state, thereby improving the dilemma that the traditional switch-type out-of-phase power amplifier cannot work in the power back-off state, so that the entire transmitter can work efficiently in different power states to cope with different power task requirements; in addition, the architecture has the advantages of an out-of-phase power amplifier and an active load-balancing architecture, and has the performance advantages of high efficiency, high linearity and high power dynamic range, and is of high value for the research of future transmitters.

[0089] As the 5G communication system further improves the spectrum efficiency requirements, the system presents the significant characteristics of increased communication frequency, increased signal bandwidth and more transceiver channels, which greatly increases the system complexity, power consumption and cost required for digital correction of power amplifier nonlinearity, especially in micro-cell and home base station scenarios, as well as large-scale multi-input and multi-output systems. The active load-balanced out-of-phase power amplifier provided by the present invention meets the system's dual requirements for efficiency and linearity, and enables the system to work in a power fallback state, which is more in line with the needs of the 5G system.

[0090] The effect of active load balancing out-of-phase power amplifier is as follows Figure 4 As shown, when the active load structure is not used, the efficiency curve of the power amplifier of the out-of-phase architecture is almost the same as that of the single-tube power amplifier. The power amplifier can only achieve high efficiency under saturated power state and cannot adapt to the communication requirements that require power back-off.

[0091] After adopting the active load structure, since the active load structure can work efficiently in the power back-off area, the efficiency of the entire active load balanced out-of-phase power amplifier is also significantly improved in the power back-off area, getting rid of the architectural defect that the out-of-phase architecture cannot work in the power back-off area, and providing an excellent performance power amplifier solution for efficient transmission of modulated signals.

[0092] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware. The hardware part can be implemented using dedicated logic; the software part can be stored in a memory and executed by an appropriate instruction execution system, such as a microprocessor or dedicated design hardware. It can be understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art that the above-mentioned devices and methods can be implemented using computer executable instructions and / or contained in a processor control code, such as a carrier medium such as a disk, CD or DVD-ROM, a programmable memory such as a read-only memory (firmware), or a data carrier such as an optical or electronic signal carrier. Such code is provided on the carrier medium. The device and its modules of the present invention can be implemented by hardware circuits such as very large-scale integrated circuits or gate arrays, semiconductors such as logic chips, transistors, etc., or programmable hardware devices such as field programmable gate arrays, programmable logic devices, etc., can also be implemented by software executed by various types of processors, and can also be implemented by a combination of the above-mentioned hardware circuits and software, such as firmware.

[0093] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention and within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An active load-balanced out-of-phase amplifier, characterized in that: include: Signal separator, balanced structure 1, balanced structure 2, new synthesis structure; The signal separator decomposes the input RF signal into RF input 1 and RF input 2 of equal amplitude and different phase; RF input 1 enters balanced structure 1, and RF input 2 enters balanced structure 2, and finally the two signals are synthesized at the new synthesis structure.

2. The active load-balanced out-of-phase amplifier of claim 1, wherein: One end of the signal separator is connected to the RF input signal, and the other end is respectively connected to the balanced structure 1 and the balanced structure 2; the signal separator can decompose the input RF signal into RF input 1 and RF input 2 of equal amplitude and different phases, and send the RF input 1 to the balanced structure 1, and send the RF input 2 to the balanced structure 2.

3. The active load-balanced out-of-phase amplifier of claim 1, wherein: One end of the novel synthesis structure is connected to the balanced structure 1 and the balanced structure 2 respectively, and the other end is connected to the radio frequency output, so as to efficiently synthesize and output the two-way output signals of the balanced structure 1 and the balanced structure 2.

4. The active load-balanced out-of-phase amplifier of claim 1, wherein: The power amplifier further includes: a balanced structure 1 and a balanced structure 2.

5. The active load-balanced out-of-phase amplifier of claim 1, wherein: The balanced structure 1 and the balanced structure 2 are exactly the same, that is, the balanced structure 1 and the balanced structure 2 have the same circuit structure and the same parameters, and the balanced circuit structure includes: a power divider, a phase compensator, a broadband coupling structure 1, two peak power amplifiers biased in a class C state, a broadband coupling structure 2 and a main power amplifier biased in a class AB state.

6. The active load-balanced out-of-phase amplifier of claim 1, wherein: The balanced branch signal passes through the power divider, one path enters the main power amplifier, and the other path passes through the phase compensator and the broadband coupling structure 1 and is then divided into two signals, which are amplified by two identical peak power amplifiers BA1 respectively, and the signals passing through the main power amplifier are synthesized at the broadband coupling structure 2.

7. A method for designing an active load-balanced out-phasing amplifier implementing the active load-balanced out-phasing amplifier according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The active load-balanced out-of-phase amplifier design method comprises: Step 1: Design a broadband high-efficiency balanced structure to replace the switch amplifier in the traditional out-of-phase amplifier, so that the out-of-phase amplifier can work in the power back-off state; Step 2: Use a signal separator to decompose the RF input signal into equal-amplitude out-of-phase signals suitable for a balanced out-of-phase structure; Step 3: Design a new and efficient synthesis structure to efficiently synthesize the two output signals of the balanced structure, improve the performance of the power amplifier, and obtain the final power amplifier.

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