Optical terminal enhanced stability method and its system

Abstract

This application relates to the technical field of power grid communication transmission, and discloses a method and system for enhancing the stability of an optical terminal unit. The method includes the following steps: S1. Divide the optical terminal unit system into multiple functional areas, configure at least one optical terminal unit node in each area, and connect the optical terminal unit nodes in adjacent areas through redundant links; S2. Optimize the redundant paths by using a redundant switching algorithm according to the real-time load, bandwidth, and delay parameters of the optical terminal unit. The system also includes the following modules: a regional redundancy module, which is used to divide the optical terminal unit system into multiple areas and connect the optical terminal unit nodes in adjacent areas through redundant links. This application solves the problems of inflexible redundant paths, insufficient electromagnetic interference protection, and untimely temperature control response in the existing optical terminal unit technology through dynamic redundant path switching, advanced electromagnetic shielding and EMI filtering design, and an efficient temperature control system, thereby significantly improving the stability, anti-interference ability, and equipment life of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of power grid communication transmission, specifically to a method and system for enhancing the stability of optical terminal equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of communication technology, optical terminal equipment has been widely used in many application scenarios. Especially in remote data transmission and network node construction, the stability and reliability of optical terminal equipment play a crucial role. However, the existing technology has deficiencies in aspects such as redundant path switching, electromagnetic interference protection, and temperature control system design of optical terminal equipment, resulting in the inability to effectively guarantee the stability and performance of optical terminal equipment in complex network environments and extreme working conditions.

[0003] First of all, the redundant path switching mechanism in the existing optical terminal equipment system often relies on static configuration. The traditional redundant path design only considers the preset primary and backup paths. Once a failure occurs, the system can only switch according to the pre-set backup path. This static design cannot be adjusted according to the real-time changes of the network state. Especially when parameters such as node load, bandwidth, and delay fluctuate, the switching of redundant paths is often lagged or untimely, resulting in a decline in network performance and even the risk of communication interruption.

[0004] Secondly, although the existing electromagnetic interference protection technology can reduce external interference to a certain extent, its effect is not significant in a high-frequency electromagnetic environment. Electromagnetic shielding materials and EMI filters often cannot completely and effectively filter strong interference signals in a complex electromagnetic environment. Most of the shielding materials used in the existing technology are metal materials, such as aluminum alloy and copper. Although they can shield low-frequency interference to a certain extent, their ability to suppress high-frequency signals is weak. Therefore, optical terminal equipment may still be severely affected in a high electromagnetic interference environment, resulting in a decline in signal transmission quality and even system collapse.

[0005] Finally, the design of the temperature control system also has certain limitations. Traditional temperature control systems mostly rely on a single heat dissipation device, such as a heat sink or a fan. Although these components can keep the equipment working normally in an environment with moderate temperature, in extreme temperature conditions, these systems often cannot respond to the rapid change of temperature in time. When the ambient temperature is too high, the existing temperature control solutions may not be able to effectively dissipate heat, resulting in overheating and damage of the optical terminal equipment; when the ambient temperature is too low, the startup and operation of the optical terminal equipment may also be affected. Therefore, the existing technology does not consider the dynamic adjustment requirements in extreme temperature conditions in the temperature control design, resulting in the inability of the equipment to operate stably in extreme temperature environments.

[0006] In summary, although the existing optical terminal technology has made certain progress in aspects such as redundant path switching, electromagnetic interference protection, and temperature control design, there are still many deficiencies. Especially when facing complex network loads and extreme environmental conditions, the stability and reliability of the existing system cannot be effectively guaranteed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the deficiencies of the existing technology, the present invention provides a method and system for enhancing the stability of an optical terminal, which solves the deficiencies of the existing optical terminal system in redundant path switching, electromagnetic interference protection, and temperature control design.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A method for enhancing the stability of an optical terminal, including the following steps:

[0009] S1. Divide the optical terminal system into multiple functional areas, configure at least one optical terminal node in each area, and connect the optical terminal nodes in adjacent areas through redundant links;

[0010] S2. According to the real-time load, bandwidth, and delay parameters of the optical terminal, use a redundant switching algorithm to optimize the redundant path to ensure that the system can automatically switch to the optimal backup path in case of a failure;

[0011] S3. When a failure occurs in the optical terminal, based on the Markov decision process model, judge whether to trigger redundant path switching to restore communication by evaluating state transitions;

[0012] S4. Use high-performance electromagnetic shielding materials to reduce the impact of external electromagnetic interference on signals, and at the same time ensure signal purity through an EMI filter;

[0013] S5. Design a temperature control system to ensure the stable operation of the optical terminal under extreme temperature conditions.

[0014] Preferably, the "dividing the optical terminal system into multiple functional areas" in step S1 includes the following sub-steps:

[0015] S1.1. Divide the optical terminal system into multiple functional areas according to the geographical location and communication requirements of the optical terminal deployment, where the optical terminal nodes in each area are redundant backups of each other;

[0016] S1.2. Configure at least one optical terminal node for each area and ensure that the optical terminal nodes in adjacent areas are connected through redundant links;

[0017] S1.3. Optimize the layout of the redundant links, use the shortest path algorithm to calculate the bandwidth and delay of the redundant links to ensure the optimal performance of the redundant links, and reduce link delay and bandwidth consumption.

[0018] Preferably, the "optimizing redundant paths by the redundant switching algorithm" in step S2 includes the following sub-steps:

[0019] S2.1. Collect the key parameters of load, bandwidth, and latency of the optical terminal in real time, and dynamically update the status of each optical terminal node according to these parameters;

[0020] S2.2. Based on the game theory model, calculate the resource allocation and path selection of each optical terminal node, optimize the redundant path selection, and minimize the latency and bandwidth consumption of redundant switching;

[0021] S2.3. When a failure occurs, based on the real-time status, select the redundant path with the minimum load and the shortest latency for switching.

[0022] Preferably, minimizing the latency and bandwidth consumption of redundant switching in step S2.2 is achieved by using the following optimization objective function, and its formula is:

[0023] ;

[0024] where n is the total number of nodes in the optical terminal system, is the path latency from optical terminal node to optical terminal node , is the path bandwidth from optical terminal node to optical terminal node , is the load of optical terminal node , indicating the degree of load or computing task currently carried by this node, , , are all weight coefficients.

[0025] Preferably, the "judging whether to trigger redundant path switching to restore communication based on the Markov decision process model by evaluating state transitions" in step S3 includes the following sub-steps:

[0026] S3.1. Define multiple states for each optical terminal, including "normal", "standby", and "fault" states, and assign a return value to each state, where the return value reflects the current working state of the system;

[0027] S3.2. Calculate the optimal value of each state according to the Bellman optimal equation, evaluate the system state, and make a state transition judgment;

[0028] S3.3. Based on the calculated optimal value, select whether to trigger redundant path switching to restore system communication.

[0029] Preferably, the calculation formula of the Bellman optimal equation in step S3.3 is as follows:

[0030] ;

[0031] Wherein: is the current state of the optical terminal, is the action executed by the optical terminal in state and is the return after the optical terminal executes the action, is the state transition probability, indicating that in the current state and action the probability that the optical terminal transfers to the next state ; is the discount factor, used to balance the importance of immediate return and future return, is the optimal value function, indicating the maximum return in state ; the optimal value function of the next state .

[0032] Preferably, the "using high-performance electromagnetic shielding material" in the step S4 includes the following sub-steps:

[0033] Select aluminum alloy with excellent electromagnetic shielding performance as the housing material of the optical terminal to ensure that external electromagnetic interference does not affect the normal operation of the internal circuit;

[0034] Add an EMI filter in the circuit design of the optical terminal and add a grounding shield element at the interface part to reduce the influence of external electromagnetic interference on signal transmission.

[0035] Preferably, the "designing a temperature control system" in the step S5 includes the following sub-steps:

[0036] S5.1. Use graphene composite material as the base material of the optical terminal;

[0037] S5.2. Design heat sinks and arrange them on the top, bottom and both sides of the housing of the optical terminal. The heat sink material is aluminum alloy or copper. The area of the heat sink is designed according to the power requirement, and the fin pitch is 1.5 mm to 4 mm, and the fin pitch of the heat sink is between 1.5 mm and 4 mm;

[0038] S5.3. Deploy a PTC thermistor inside the optical terminal to control the temperature of the device;

[0039] S5.4. Real-time monitor the temperature of the optical terminal through a temperature sensor. The temperature control system automatically adjusts the heat dissipation capacity of the device and triggers the fan to accelerate, the PTC thermistor to heat up or enable more heat sinks when the preset threshold is exceeded to maintain the normal operating temperature of the device;

[0040] S5.5. Add an overheat protection mechanism to the system. When the device temperature reaches the set overheat threshold, automatically reduce the load of the optical terminal or enable a redundant path to protect the device from high-temperature damage.

[0041] Method for enhancing the stability of an optical terminal, used to implement the method for enhancing the stability of the optical terminal described above, including the following modules:

[0042] Regional redundancy module, used to divide the optical terminal system into multiple regions and connect the optical terminal nodes in adjacent regions through redundant links;

[0043] Dynamic redundancy switching module, used to select the optimal redundant path for switching according to real-time parameters such as the load, bandwidth, and delay of the optical terminal;

[0044] Self-healing module, used to perform state evaluation based on the MDP model and automatically switch to the redundant path to restore communication when the optical terminal fails;

[0045] Electromagnetic interference protection module, used for electromagnetic shielding and EMI filtering to ensure the purity of the signal;

[0046] Temperature control module, used to adjust the operating temperature of the optical terminal to ensure the stable operation of the device under extreme temperatures;

[0047] Health monitoring and redundancy switching module, used to monitor the status of the optical terminal in real time. Once a fault is detected, automatically switch to the redundant module to maintain the operation of the system.

[0048] The present invention provides a method and system for enhancing the stability of an optical terminal. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0049] 1. The present invention adopts dynamic redundant path switching technology. By real-time monitoring the load, bandwidth, and delay parameters of the optical terminal nodes, and combining game theory models, shortest path algorithms, and Markov decision process models for path optimization, this intelligent and dynamic path switching scheme, compared with the static redundant path design in the prior art, realizes faster and more accurate path switching, can significantly reduce the communication interruption time caused by path failures. The prior art usually relies on preset redundant paths and cannot adapt to complex network environment changes. The present invention ensures the stability and communication quality of the system in any environment through real-time data feedback and algorithm optimization;

[0050] 2. The present invention adopts high-performance electromagnetic shielding materials and advanced EMI filtering technologies in electromagnetic interference protection, effectively reducing the impact of external electromagnetic interference on signals. The use of graphene composite materials and aluminum alloy shells significantly improves the electromagnetic shielding effect compared with the traditional shielding materials commonly used in the prior art. Especially in a high-frequency electromagnetic interference environment, the shielding effect is more prominent. In addition, through the optimized design of the EMI filter, the present invention can effectively filter high-frequency noise in the power supply and signals, ensuring the purity of signal transmission. Compared with the traditional technology that usually only has a single shielding structure and a simple filtering method, the present invention has stronger anti-interference ability in a complex electromagnetic environment, guaranteeing the reliability of the system;

[0051] 3. The present invention designs an efficient temperature control system, which combines graphene composite materials and PTC thermistor technologies to automatically adjust the temperature of the optical terminal unit, ensuring the stable operation of the device under extreme temperature conditions. The temperature control solutions in the prior art usually rely on a single radiator or external auxiliary equipment and cannot respond quickly when the temperature is too low or too high, resulting in a decline in the performance of the optical terminal unit or even damage. Compared with the prior art, by combining the thermistor with an efficient heat sink, the present invention provides a heating function under low-temperature conditions and additional heat dissipation at high temperatures, greatly improving the efficiency and accuracy of temperature management. This solution can not only protect the optical terminal unit from damage caused by extreme temperatures but also extend the service life of the device, improving the overall stability and reliability of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 is a system framework diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0054] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0055] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 , the embodiments of the present invention provide a method for enhancing the stability of an optical terminal unit, including the following steps:

[0056] S1. Divide the optical terminal unit system into multiple functional areas, configure at least one optical terminal unit node in each area, and connect the optical terminal unit nodes in adjacent areas through redundant links;

[0057] In this embodiment, the optical terminal system is divided into multiple functional areas, and at least one optical terminal node is configured in each area. The optical terminal nodes in each area are connected to the optical terminal nodes in adjacent areas through redundant links. This design ensures that even if a certain area fails, other areas can still operate normally.

[0058] Specifically, the design of the redundant links ensures that each area can work independently and can quickly switch paths in case of a failure. The selection of the redundant links can be optimized according to the real-time system load, bandwidth requirements, and latency conditions to ensure that the redundant links always operate efficiently.

[0059] As an option, the connection mode of the redundant links can adopt a ring structure, a tree structure, or a star structure. Among them, the ring structure can improve the fault tolerance of the system because even if a certain link fails, the data can still be transmitted through other paths, thus ensuring the high reliability of the system.

[0060] In a possible implementation, the selection and configuration of the redundant links can be completed through an optimization algorithm. This optimization algorithm comprehensively considers factors such as latency, bandwidth, and node load. To select the optimal redundant path, a combination of game theory models and shortest path algorithms can be used to dynamically select redundant links by real-time monitoring the load and bandwidth of the optical terminal nodes.

[0061] The optimized objective function can be expressed as:

[0062] ;

[0063] where n is the total number of nodes in the optical terminal system, is the path latency from optical terminal node to optical terminal node , is the path bandwidth from optical terminal node to optical terminal node , is the load of optical terminal node , indicating the degree of the load or computing task currently borne by this node, and , are all weight coefficients.

[0064] Through this objective function, the selection of the redundant links will be more reasonable, and the paths can be dynamically adjusted according to the real-time state of the system to achieve optimal data transmission.

[0065] In another embodiment, the optimization of redundant links can be combined with the MDP model (Markov Decision Process model). In case of a failure, the MDP model can dynamically select the optimal path based on the current network state to maximize the system's recovery efficiency.

[0066] For example, assume that there are five regions in the system, and the optical terminal nodes are connected through redundant links. Under this design, if the main link between region A and region B fails, the system can automatically select an alternative path to bypass the faulty area and continue data transmission.

[0067] As another option, the design of redundant links can also adopt a ring structure, where the optical terminal nodes in each region are connected through redundant links to form a closed loop. In this structure, when any link fails, the system can quickly bypass the fault point and continue to work through other paths. This design is particularly suitable for optical terminal systems that require high reliability.

[0068] By dividing the optical terminal system into multiple functional regions and connecting these regions through redundant links, the stability and reliability of the system can be significantly improved. The optimized design of redundant links not only considers bandwidth, latency, and load, but also combines game theory models and MDP models to ensure the efficient selection and dynamic adjustment of redundant paths. Different redundant link connection structures (such as ring, tree, or star structures) can be flexibly selected according to the system scale and requirements to ensure that the optical terminal system can quickly recover in case of a failure and minimize the communication interruption time.

[0069] S2. Optimize the redundant paths using a redundant switching algorithm based on the real-time load, bandwidth, and latency parameters of the optical terminal to ensure that the system can automatically switch to the optimal backup path in case of a failure;

[0070] In an optical terminal system, the optimization of redundant paths is crucial for the stability and reliability of the system. Through reasonable selection of redundant paths, the system can ensure automatic switching to the optimal backup path when the main path fails. The redundant switching algorithm can dynamically adjust the selection of redundant paths according to network parameters such as the real-time load, bandwidth, and latency of optical terminal nodes. This step not only ensures the high availability of the system but also minimizes the impact of system failures on communication and ensures the continuity of the system.

[0071] In this embodiment, the redundant switching algorithm optimizes the redundant paths based on parameters such as the real-time load, bandwidth, and latency of the optical terminal. When the main link fails, the system will automatically select the optimal redundant link for communication to avoid a decline in system performance caused by link failures. This process ensures that the selection of redundant paths is based on a globally optimal solution by comprehensively evaluating the network state, minimizing the time of communication interruption.

[0072] Specifically, the redundant path selection adopts an optimization algorithm based on real-time load and bandwidth requirements. The load, bandwidth, and delay parameters of the optical terminal unit will be monitored in real time in the system, and the path will be dynamically adjusted through the redundant switching algorithm. The redundant path optimization not only considers the bandwidth and delay of each link but also combines the node load situation to ensure that the selection of redundant paths can take into account the reasonable allocation of network resources.

[0073] As an option, the optimization process of the redundant path can be achieved through a game theory model. In the game theory model, the optical terminal unit nodes make decisions based on their respective bandwidth, load, and delay information. By simulating the game between nodes, the optimal redundant path is selected. The game theory model can ensure that each node, when selecting a redundant path, considers both local optimization and the balance of global resources.

[0074] In a possible implementation, the redundant switching algorithm also combines the shortest path algorithm to calculate the redundant path. By calculating the bandwidth, delay, and network load of each link, the shortest path algorithm can select a backup path with the shortest delay and the lowest load. This path selection can significantly reduce the system recovery time after a link failure and ensure that the optical terminal unit system can quickly resume normal communication.

[0075] The optimization of the redundant path selection can be represented by the following objective function:

[0076] ;

[0077] where n is the total number of nodes in the optical terminal unit system, is the path delay from the optical terminal unit node to the optical terminal unit node , is the path bandwidth from the optical terminal unit node to the optical terminal unit node , is the load of the optical terminal unit node , indicating the degree of load or computing tasks currently borne by this node, , , are all weight coefficients used to adjust the influence of delay, bandwidth, and load on path selection.

[0078] This objective function can help the redundant switching algorithm fully consider the influence of delay, bandwidth, and load when selecting a redundant path, thereby achieving the optimal selection of the redundant path.

[0079] In some embodiments, redundant path switching can also be used in combination with a Markov Decision Process (MDP) model. The MDP model determines whether to initiate redundant path switching by evaluating the value of the current state and possible state transitions. Through the Bellman optimal equation, the redundant path can be dynamically adjusted according to system states (such as network load, latency, bandwidth, etc.).

[0080] For example, assume that the primary link between the optical terminal nodes and fails. The redundant switching algorithm will evaluate the current state of the optical terminal nodes (such as load, bandwidth, and latency) in real time and select the optimal alternate path. For example, assume that the primary link from to has a high latency and low bandwidth. The system will preferentially select an alternate link with a larger bandwidth and lower latency to ensure communication stability.

[0081] As another option, redundant path selection can also be combined with a self-healing module. When a system failure occurs, the automatic evaluation mechanism based on the MDP model can quickly identify the current state of the system, trigger the automatic switching of the redundant path, to restore communication and reduce the impact of the failure on system performance.

[0082] In this embodiment, the redundant path selection is optimized by the redundant switching algorithm to ensure that when a system failure occurs, it can automatically switch to the optimal backup path. The optimization of the redundant path not only considers latency, bandwidth, and node load, but also combines game theory models, shortest path algorithms, and MDP models to ensure the optimality of path selection and the maximization of system performance. In this way, the system can quickly restore communication when an optical terminal failure occurs, minimize system downtime, and ensure the high availability and reliability of the system.

[0083] S3. When an optical terminal fails, based on the Markov Decision Process model, by evaluating state transitions, determine whether to trigger redundant path switching to restore communication;

[0084] In an optical terminal system, when a failure or network performance degradation occurs, timely restoring communication is the key to ensuring the stable operation of the system. Based on the Markov Decision Process (MDP) model, the system can determine whether to trigger redundant path switching by evaluating the current state, to quickly restore communication. The Markov Decision Process model can automatically make path switching decisions by evaluating the state transitions of the system, thereby achieving adaptive redundant path selection and improving the fault tolerance and robustness of the system.

[0085] In this embodiment, when a failure occurs in the optical terminal node, the system decides whether to trigger the switching of the redundant path through the state transition evaluation based on the MDP model. This process is mainly based on the current working state of the system to evaluate whether to switch to the backup path to ensure uninterrupted communication and restore to the optimal performance state.

[0086] Specifically, the MDP model evaluates the optimal path selection when a failure occurs through the dynamic modeling and optimization decision-making of the system state. The state of the system includes multiple parameters, such as network latency, node load, bandwidth utilization rate, etc. Based on these parameters, the MDP model can calculate the optimal behavior of the system and make a decision on whether to switch the path.

[0087] As an option, the core calculation of the MDP model is based on the Bellman optimal equation, which evaluates the optimal value in each state through the state transition probability and immediate reward. The form of the Bellman equation is:

[0088] ;

[0089] Where: is the current state of the optical terminal, is the action performed by the optical terminal in state , is the reward after the optical terminal performs the action, is the state transition probability, indicating that in the current state and action , the probability that the optical terminal transfers to the next state , is the discount factor, used to balance the importance of immediate reward and future reward, is the optimal value function, indicating the maximum reward in state , the optimal value function of the next state .

[0090] By calculating , the system can determine whether to trigger the redundant path switching in different network states. If the calculation result shows that switching to the redundant path can bring a higher expected reward (i.e., lower latency or load), the system will automatically select the switching path.

[0091] In a possible implementation, the MDP model combines the network state information monitored in real time to evaluate the feasible path selection when the current failure occurs. Specifically, the system will calculate the expected values under different paths by monitoring information such as the latency, bandwidth utilization rate, and load of the optical terminal node. If the performance of the current path is lower than the preset threshold, the system will automatically select the redundant path to ensure the rapid restoration of communication in the optical terminal system.

[0092] In some embodiments, the evaluation of the MDP model can be achieved through a state transition matrix, which records the transition probabilities between different states. By continuously updating and optimizing the state transition matrix, the system can dynamically select the optimal path according to the real-time state. For example, if the load of a certain link reaches a preset threshold, the system will evaluate the states of other links and select a backup path with a larger bandwidth and lower latency.

[0093] As another option, when the system is in a critical state (such as high load or insufficient bandwidth), the system can dynamically decide whether to trigger a redundant path switch by evaluating the state transition probabilities between the current state and the backup paths. This decision-making process takes into account the real-time changes in the network state and ensures the maximization of system stability through an optimal path selection algorithm.

[0094] Illustrative example:

[0095] For example, assume that the main link between and fails. The system first evaluates based on information such as node load, bandwidth, and latency. If to the backup link has a larger bandwidth, lower latency, and lower current load, the system automatically selects the backup link as the redundant path through the MDP model. At this time, the system will trigger a redundant path switch, switching the data stream from the main link to the redundant link to ensure the continuity of communication.

[0096] As another option, when the system load is high, the MDP model can also evaluate whether load balancing is required, that is, dynamically distributing traffic to multiple redundant links instead of relying solely on a single backup path. In this way, the system can not only restore communication but also optimize the use of network resources and avoid overloading a single link.

[0097] Through the state transition evaluation based on the Markov decision process (MDP) model in this embodiment, it can automatically determine whether to trigger a redundant path switch when a malfunction occurs in the optical terminal. The system calculates the optimal path switching decision through the Bellman optimal equation according to the real-time network state (such as node load, bandwidth, and latency), thereby ensuring the stability of communication and the efficiency of recovery. The application of the MDP model enables the selection of redundant paths not only based on the current network state but also to be dynamically adjusted according to the probability of state transition, ensuring the adaptive ability and fault tolerance of the system. Through this method, the system can achieve efficient fault recovery and minimize the time of communication interruption to the greatest extent.

[0098] S4. Use high-performance electromagnetic shielding materials to reduce the impact of external electromagnetic interference on the signal, and at the same time ensure signal purity through an EMI filter;

[0099] In modern optical terminal systems, electromagnetic interference (EMI) is an important factor affecting communication quality. External electromagnetic interference can not only cause signal distortion but also lead to unstable operation of equipment and even damage to circuits. To effectively avoid these problems, the present invention reduces the impact of external electromagnetic interference on the optical terminal signal by using high-performance electromagnetic shielding materials. At the same time, the application of EMI filters can further ensure the purity of the signal, reduce noise and interference caused by electromagnetic interference, and guarantee the stability of communication quality.

[0100] In this embodiment, by adopting high-performance electromagnetic shielding materials, the optical terminal can effectively isolate external electromagnetic interference sources. The optical terminal housing, internal circuit boards, and key components all use optimized shielding materials to ensure that electromagnetic waves cannot enter the interior of the equipment. At the same time, EMI filters are integrated into the power supply line and signal line to further filter out possible electromagnetic noise and ensure the purity of signal transmission.

[0101] Specifically, the selection of electromagnetic shielding materials is one of the key technologies in the present invention. In this embodiment, an aluminum alloy and graphene composite material is used as the optical terminal housing material. These materials have excellent electromagnetic shielding performance and can effectively shield the impact of external electromagnetic waves on the optical terminal, reducing interference from the external environment. Aluminum alloy has good electrical conductivity and can effectively reflect electromagnetic waves, while the graphene composite material provides better electrical conductivity and higher electromagnetic shielding effect, especially suitable for electromagnetic interference in the high-frequency band.

[0102] As an option, external shielding can also be further enhanced by designing a multi-layer metal structure and using a conductive coating. Through the multi-layer metal shielding structure, electromagnetic waves of different frequency bands can be effectively isolated, thereby achieving more comprehensive electromagnetic interference protection.

[0103] In a possible implementation, each key component (such as the processor, power module, and communication module) inside the optical terminal is independently shielded and isolated from the external environment. By adopting a reasonable layout design, it is ensured that electromagnetic interference between modules does not transfer to each other, improving the overall stability of the system.

[0104] Specifically, the use of EMI filters can effectively reduce high-frequency noise in the power supply and signal lines. EMI filters are usually integrated at the power input end and signal input / output end and filter through capacitor and inductor components to suppress noise signals with too high frequencies. The core function of EMI filters is to prevent unwanted high-frequency signals from propagating through the circuit, thereby protecting the purity of the signal and reducing system interference.

[0105] The design of EMI filters can be based on the following general formula:

[0106] ;

[0107] Wherein: is the total impedance at a frequency of and represents the anti-interference ability of the circuit, is the resistance, reflecting the DC resistance of the circuit, is the inductor, which plays a role in suppressing high-frequency signals, is the capacitor, which can filter high-frequency signals and provide a short-circuit path for high-frequency noise, is the imaginary unit, is the frequency, and These two parts reflect the inductive reactance and capacitive reactance in the AC circuit.

[0108] By reasonably selecting the values of the inductor and capacitor, the performance of the EMI filter can be optimized to ensure that it can effectively filter high-frequency noise and protect signal integrity.

[0109] In some embodiments, the EMI filter may also adopt a common-mode choke design to further enhance the ability to suppress high-frequency interference. The common-mode choke can effectively suppress the common-mode noise on the power line and signal line, improving the anti-interference ability of the system.

[0110] As another option, in some high-end applications, the power management system of the optical transceiver can also integrate an active electromagnetic interference suppression module. This module can, during signal transmission, through intelligent algorithms and electromagnetic modulation techniques, adjust the anti-interference ability of the power supply and signal paths in real time, thereby further reducing the impact of electromagnetic interference on the system.

[0111] For example:

[0112] For example, in a high-precision communication system, the optical transceiver needs to operate in a complex electromagnetic environment. By using a housing made of an aluminum alloy and graphene composite material, the optical transceiver can effectively shield electromagnetic interference from external devices and the environment, ensuring the stable operation of the system. At the same time, a high-efficiency EMI filter is added to the power port and signal port of the optical transceiver, which can further ensure the purity of the signal and avoid the influence of external interference sources.

[0113] As another option, if the optical transceiver is used in an industrial environment, it may face higher-intensity electromagnetic interference. In this case, in addition to using high-performance electromagnetic shielding materials, a multi-layer shielding structure can also be designed to further reduce the penetration of electromagnetic waves. In addition, by optimizing the parameters of the filter to ensure that interference signals in various frequency ranges are filtered out, the anti-interference ability of the system can be greatly improved.

[0114] In this embodiment, by adopting high-performance electromagnetic shielding materials and EMI filter design, it is ensured that the optical terminal can effectively resist external electromagnetic interference, guarantee the purity of the signal and the stability of the system. By reasonably selecting and designing electromagnetic shielding materials (such as aluminum alloy, graphene composite materials, etc.) and optimizing the performance of the EMI filter, the system can operate efficiently in different electromagnetic environments and avoid the influence of electromagnetic interference on the signals of the optical terminal. Through these technical measures, the optical terminal can provide high-quality and stable services in various application environments such as industry and communication.

[0115] S5. Design a temperature control system to ensure the stable operation of the optical terminal under extreme temperature conditions.

[0116] In the working environment of the optical terminal, temperature changes have a significant impact on the stability and reliability of the device. Especially under extreme temperature conditions, the optical terminal requires an effective temperature control system to ensure its stable operation. The design of the temperature control system aims to prevent the device from experiencing performance degradation or failure due to excessive or too low temperature by monitoring and adjusting the operating temperature of the optical terminal. Through reasonable heat dissipation design, selection of temperature control components and dynamic adjustment mechanism, the optical terminal can maintain a good working state under various temperature conditions.

[0117] In this embodiment, the design of the temperature control system mainly includes two key technologies: heat dissipation system design and temperature regulation system. High-efficiency heat dissipation technologies and temperature control modules are adopted both externally and internally of the optical terminal, enabling the device to still maintain a stable working state under extreme temperatures. Through the adjustment of the temperature control system, it is ensured that the device can always be within a safe operating temperature range in different working environments.

[0118] Specifically, the temperature control system includes a variety of technical means and components to achieve functions such as temperature monitoring, heat conduction, heat dissipation and temperature control. By integrating components such as temperature control modules, heat sinks, and thermistors, the system can automatically adjust the temperature of the device, thus ensuring that the optical terminal can continuously operate stably in a harsh environment.

[0119] As an option, the temperature control system combines graphene composite materials, thermistors (PTC) and high-efficiency heat sink design. Due to its excellent thermal conductivity, the graphene composite material can effectively conduct the heat generated inside the optical terminal, ensuring that the device will not experience performance degradation or damage due to overheating. The thermistor is used to provide a heating function when the temperature is too low to prevent the device from failing to start properly due to low temperature. In high-temperature situations, the system automatically increases the heat dissipation through the heat sink and the heat dissipation system to ensure that the temperature does not exceed the safe operating range of the device.

[0120] In a possible implementation, the heat sink is designed using a composite material of aluminum alloy and graphene, which have extremely high thermal conductivity and can disperse the heat generated by the device into the surrounding environment in a very short time. The surface of the heat sink is further treated by anodization to increase the heat conduction efficiency. By reasonably arranging the heat sink, it is ensured that each key component of the optical terminal (such as the processor, power module, etc.) can quickly conduct heat when the temperature is too high, avoiding system failures caused by overheating.

[0121] Specifically, the design of the temperature control module takes into account the real-time monitoring and adjustment of temperature. Temperature sensors are integrated inside the optical terminal to monitor the operating temperature of the optical terminal in real time. When the temperature exceeds the preset upper limit, the system automatically activates the heat dissipation mechanism and accelerates heat dissipation through a fan, or activates an additional heat sink for auxiliary heat dissipation. When the temperature is too low, the temperature control system will activate the PTC thermistor to provide the necessary heating function to ensure that the device can start normally in a low-temperature environment.

[0122] In some embodiments, the function of the temperature control system is not limited to temperature monitoring and adjustment, but also combines intelligent control algorithms to dynamically adjust the operating state of the device through real-time monitoring of the operating temperature. For example, when the device is at an extremely low temperature, the system can adjust the power consumption of the optical terminal according to the feedback of the temperature control module, reduce the heat generation, and provide an appropriate heating function through the thermistor to ensure that the temperature does not fall below the set safety range.

[0123] As another option, the temperature control system can also work in cooperation with the cooling fan. When the system temperature is too high, the fan will accelerate the air flow according to the instructions of the temperature control system to help with heat dissipation. The rotation speed and operation mode of the fan can be dynamically adjusted according to the requirements of the temperature control system to ensure optimal heat dissipation effect.

[0124] In another implementation, by reasonably selecting the heat conduction material, the thermal management efficiency inside the optical terminal can be further improved. Due to its excellent thermal conductivity, graphene composite material is often used as an intermediate material for heat conduction. In this solution, graphene layers are applied to the bottom of the device base and key components to ensure that heat is quickly conducted from the heat source to the heat sink.

[0125] For example:

[0126] For example, an optical terminal deployed in a cold region needs to be protected from malfunctioning due to the low-temperature environment. At this time, the temperature control system monitors the operating temperature of the optical terminal in real time through a temperature sensor and heats the optical terminal components through a PTC thermistor. When the ambient temperature reaches or is lower than the set low-temperature threshold, the thermistor is activated to provide the required heat to maintain the operation of the optical terminal. At the same time, the system adjusts the temperature inside and outside the optical terminal through the heat sink design to prevent device damage caused by too low temperature.

[0127] As an alternative, when the optical terminal works in a high-temperature environment, the system can adjust the fan speed through the temperature control system to ensure that the operating temperature of the device does not exceed the set upper limit. When the temperature reaches the high-temperature threshold, the temperature control system will accelerate heat dissipation through the heat sink and fan to reduce the temperature of the device and ensure that the optical terminal always operates within a safe temperature range.

[0128] In this embodiment, by designing an efficient temperature control system, it is possible to ensure the stable operation of the optical terminal under extreme temperature conditions. The system realizes real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment of the temperature of the optical terminal through various technical means such as graphene composite materials, PTC thermistors, heat sinks, and fans. Whether in a low-temperature or high-temperature environment, the temperature control system can effectively adjust the operating temperature of the optical terminal, ensure the normal operation of the device in extreme environments, and minimize failures and performance degradation caused by excessive or too low temperatures.

[0129] The optical terminal enhanced stability system described below can be correspondingly referred to the optical terminal enhanced stability method described above.

[0130] A regional redundancy module for dividing the optical terminal system into multiple regions and connecting the optical terminal nodes in adjacent regions through redundant links;

[0131] A dynamic redundancy switching module for selecting the optimal redundant path for switching according to real-time parameters such as the load, bandwidth, and delay of the optical terminal;

[0132] A self-healing module for performing state evaluation based on the MDP model and automatically switching to the redundant path to restore communication when the optical terminal fails;

[0133] An electromagnetic interference protection module for electromagnetic shielding and EMI filtering to ensure the purity of the signal;

[0134] A temperature control module for adjusting the operating temperature of the optical terminal to ensure the stable operation of the device under extreme temperatures;

[0135] A health monitoring and redundancy switching module for real-time monitoring of the status of the optical terminal and automatically switching to the redundant module to maintain system operation once a failure is detected.

[0136] The system of this embodiment can be used to execute the above method embodiment, and its principle and technical effects are similar, which will not be elaborated here.

[0137] The embodiments of this specific implementation manner are all preferred embodiments of this application, and do not limit the protection scope of this application accordingly. The same components are denoted by the same reference numerals. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. Method for enhancing the stability of an optical terminal, characterized in that It includes the following steps: S1. Divide the optical terminal system into multiple functional areas, configure at least one optical terminal node in each area, and connect the optical terminal nodes in adjacent areas through redundant links; S2. According to the real-time load, bandwidth, and delay parameters of the optical terminal, use a redundant switching algorithm to optimize the redundant paths to ensure that the system can automatically switch to the optimal backup path in case of a failure; S3. When a failure occurs in the optical terminal, based on the Markov decision process model, judge whether to trigger the redundant path switching to restore communication by evaluating the state transition; S4. Use high-performance electromagnetic shielding materials to reduce the impact of external electromagnetic interference on the signal, and at the same time ensure signal purity through an EMI filter; S5. Design a temperature control system to ensure the stable operation of the optical terminal under extreme temperature conditions; The "optimizing the redundant paths by the redundant switching algorithm" in step S2 includes the following sub-steps: S2.

1. Collect the key parameters of the load, bandwidth, and delay of the optical terminal in real time, and dynamically update the state of each optical terminal node according to these parameters; S2.

2. Based on the game theory model, calculate the resource allocation and path selection of each optical terminal node, optimize the redundant path selection, and minimize the delay and bandwidth consumption of the redundant switching; S2.

3. When a failure occurs, based on the real-time state, select the redundant path with the minimum load and the shortest delay for switching; The minimization of the delay and bandwidth consumption of the redundant switching in step S2.2 is completed using the following optimization objective function, and its formula is: Among them, n is the total number of nodes in the optical terminal system, D ij is the path delay from optical terminal node i to optical terminal node j, B ij is the path bandwidth from optical terminal node i to optical terminal node j, P i is the load of optical terminal node i, indicating the degree of load or computing task currently borne by this node. α1, α2, and α3 are all weight coefficients; The "using high-performance electromagnetic shielding materials" in step S4 includes the following sub-steps: Select aluminum alloy with excellent electromagnetic shielding performance as the housing material of the optical terminal to ensure that external electromagnetic interference does not affect the normal operation of the internal circuit; Add an EMI filter in the optical terminal circuit design, and add a ground shielding component at the interface part to reduce the impact of external electromagnetic interference on signal transmission; The "designing a temperature control system" in step S5 includes the following sub-steps: S5.

1. Use graphene composite material as the base material of the optical terminal; S5.

2. Design heat sinks and arrange them on the top, bottom, and both sides of the optical terminal housing. The heat sink material is aluminum alloy or copper. The area of the heat sink is designed according to the power requirement, and the fin pitch is between 1.5 mm and 4 mm; S5.

3. Deploy a PTC thermistor inside the optical terminal to control the device temperature; S5.

4. Real-time monitor the temperature of the optical terminal through a temperature sensor. The temperature control system automatically adjusts the heat dissipation capacity of the device, and triggers the fan to accelerate, the PTC thermistor to heat, or enable more heat sinks when the preset threshold is exceeded to maintain the normal operating temperature of the device; S5.

5. Add an overheat protection mechanism to the system. When the device temperature reaches the set overheat threshold, automatically reduce the load of the optical terminal or enable the redundant path to protect the device from high-temperature damage; The "dividing the optical terminal system into multiple functional areas" in step S1 includes the following sub-steps: S1.

1. Divide the optical terminal system into multiple functional areas according to the geographical location and communication requirements of the optical terminal deployment, where the optical terminal nodes within each area are redundant backups of each other; S1.

2. Configure at least one optical terminal node for each area and ensure that the optical terminal nodes in adjacent areas are connected through redundant links; S1.

3. Optimize the layout of the redundant links, and use the shortest path algorithm to calculate the bandwidth and delay of the redundant links to ensure the optimal performance of the redundant links, reduce link delay and bandwidth consumption; The "judging whether to trigger the redundant path switching to restore communication by evaluating the state transition based on the Markov decision process model" in step S3 includes the following sub-steps: S3.

1. Define multiple states for each optical terminal, including "normal", "standby" and "fault" states, and assign a return value to each state, where the return value reflects the current working state of the system; S3.

2. Calculate the optimal value of each state according to the Bellman optimal equation, evaluate the system state and make a state transition judgment; S3.

3. Based on the calculated optimal value, select whether to trigger the redundant path switching to restore system communication; The calculation formula of the Bellman optimal equation in step S3.3 is as follows: Where: S t is the current state of the optical terminal, A t is the action performed by the optical terminal in state S t and R t is the reward after the optical terminal performs the action. P(S t+1 |S t , A t ) is the state transition probability, indicating the probability that the optical terminal transfers to the next state S t under the current state S t and action A t+1 . γ is the discount factor, used to balance the importance of immediate rewards and future rewards. V * (S t ) is the optimal value function, representing the maximum reward in state S t , and V * (S t+1 ) is the optimal value function of the next state S t+1 .

2. Optical terminal enhanced stability system, characterized in that, The method for enhancing the stability of the optical terminal for implementing the above-mentioned claim 1 includes the following modules: The regional redundancy module is used to divide the optical terminal system into multiple regions and connect the optical terminal nodes in adjacent regions through redundant links; The dynamic redundancy switching module is used to select the optimal redundant path for switching according to real-time parameters such as the load, bandwidth and delay of the optical terminal; The self-healing module is used to perform state evaluation based on the MDP model and automatically switch to the redundant path to restore communication when the optical terminal fails; The electromagnetic interference protection module is used for electromagnetic shielding and EMI filtering to ensure the purity of the signal; The temperature control module is used to adjust the working temperature of the optical terminal to ensure the stable operation of the device under extreme temperatures; The health monitoring and redundancy switching module is used to monitor the state of the optical terminal in real time, and automatically switch to the redundancy module to maintain the system operation once a fault is found.

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