Direct red LED for white light with high user preference

Abstract

The invention provides a light generating system (1000) comprising one or more primary solid state light sources (50), one or more secondary solid state light sources (60), a first luminescent material device (1210), a second luminescent material device (1220) and a control system (300) wherein: (A) the one or more primary solid state light sources (50) are configured to generate primary light (51); (B) one or more secondary solid state light sources (60) configured to generate secondary light (61); (C) the first luminescent material device (1210) is configured in light-receiving relationship with the at least one primary solid state light source (50) and is configured to convert at least a portion of the primary light (51) of the at least one primary solid state light source (50) into first luminescent material device light (1211); wherein when the at least one primary solid state light source (50) illuminates the first luminescent material device (1210) alone, a first spectral power distribution comprising the primary light (51) (of the at least one primary solid state light source (50)) and the first luminescent material device light (1211) is obtained; (D) a second phosphor device (1220) configured in light-receiving relationship with the at least one (other) primary solid state light source (50) and configured to convert at least a portion of the primary light (51) into second phosphor device light (1221); wherein a second spectral power distribution comprising the primary light (51) and the second phosphor device light (1221) is obtained when the at least one (other) primary solid state light source (50) illuminates the second phosphor device (1220) alone; (E) the first spectral power distribution and the second spectral power distribution have a v'value that differs by at least 0.02; wherein the first spectral power distribution has a first color point outside 10 color matching standard deviations (SDCM) from the blackbody locus, and wherein the second spectral power distribution has a second color point outside 10 color matching standard deviations (SDCM) from the blackbody locus.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a light generating system and a lighting device comprising such a light generating system. Background Art

[0002] Lighting devices that emit white light are known in the art. For example, US2015287890 describes a lighting device that emits white light, comprising: one or more light emitting light sources (preferably solid-state semiconductor light emitting diodes) that emit off-white light during operation, wherein the off-white light comprises a spectral output that includes at least one spectral component in a first spectral region from about 360 nm to about 475 nm, at least one spectral component in a second spectral region from about 475 nm to about 575 nm, and at least one missing in at least one other spectral region; and an optical component positioned to receive at least a portion of the off-white light generated by the one or more light sources, the optical component comprising an optical material for converting at least a portion of the off-white light into one or more predetermined wavelengths, at least one of the one or more predetermined wavelengths having a wavelength in at least one missing spectral region, so that the light emitted by the lighting device comprises white light, wherein the optical material comprises quantum confined semiconductor nanoparticles. Summary of the invention

[0003] It is desirable to provide lighting devices and light generating systems that meet desired lighting quality standards. Furthermore, it is desirable to meet such standards in the most efficient manner. Current lighting devices and / or light generating systems may not meet these standards, or may utilize less efficient technical solutions to meet these standards. Furthermore, it appears desirable to be able to tune the spectral power distribution of light generated by the lighting device or light generating system. Therefore, one aspect of the present invention is to provide an alternative light generating system (and / or lighting device) that preferably further at least partially avoids one or more of the above-mentioned disadvantages. An object of the present invention may be to overcome or ameliorate at least one of the disadvantages of the prior art, or to provide a useful alternative.

[0004] It may seem non-obvious that priority level 1 and fidelity level 3 (also indicated herein as P1F3) are satisfied, for example, as described in the TM-30 (2020) standard [ANSI / IES TM-30-20: IES Method for Evaluating LightSource Color Rendition https: / / store.ies.org / product / tm-30-20-ies-method-for- evaluating-light-source-color-rendition / (see Table E-2)A number of simulations were performed (see also below), from which it appears that essentially only the technical solution with a red solid-state light source and two different off-white light sources based on a blue pump and luminescent material conversion can allow to meet e.g. P1F3 and / or P2F3 (priority level 2 and fidelity level 3) requirements with reasonable or high energy efficiency.

[0005] Thus, according to a first aspect, the present invention provides a light generating system ("system") comprising one or more primary (solid-state) light sources, one or more secondary (solid-state) light sources, a first luminescent material device and a second luminescent material device. Optionally, the light generating system may further comprise a control system. In particular, the one or more primary solid-state light sources are configured to generate primary light. In an embodiment, the primary light may have a peak primary wavelength (λp1) in the wavelength range of 430nm to 490nm. Furthermore, in particular, the one or more secondary solid-state light sources are configured to generate secondary light. In an embodiment, the secondary light may have a main secondary wavelength (λd3) in the wavelength range of 610nm to 630nm. In an embodiment, the first luminescent material device is configured to be in a light receiving relationship with at least one primary solid-state light source. In particular, the first luminescent material device is configured to convert at least a portion of the primary light of the at least one primary solid-state light source into a first luminescent material device light. In an embodiment, when the at least one primary solid-state light source illuminates the first luminescent material device alone, a first spectral power distribution including the primary light (of the at least one primary solid-state light source) and the first luminescent material device light may be obtained. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the second luminescent material device may be configured to be in a light receiving relationship with at least one (other) primary solid-state light source. In particular, the second luminescent material device is configured to convert at least a portion of the primary light (of the at least one (other) primary solid-state light source) into the second luminescent material device light. In an embodiment, when the at least one (other) primary solid-state light source alone illuminates the second luminescent material device, a second spectral power distribution including the primary light (of the at least one (other) primary solid-state light source) and the second luminescent material device light may be obtained. In particular, in an embodiment, the first spectral power distribution and the second spectral power distribution may have v' values ​​that differ by at least 0.02. Furthermore, in a specific embodiment, the first spectral power distribution has a first color point that is outside 10 color matching standard deviations (SDCM) from a black body locus (BBL) (in particular outside 10 color matching standard deviations (SDCM) above the black body locus). Alternatively or additionally, in a specific embodiment, the second spectral power distribution has a second color point that is outside 10 color matching standard deviations (SDCM) from the black body locus. In particular, the light generating system may be configured to generate system light. In an embodiment, the system light may include one or more of (a) a first luminescent material device light, (b) a second luminescent material device light, and (c) a secondary light. In a specific embodiment, in a first operable mode of the light generating system, a first white system light having a first correlated color temperature CCT1 is provided, wherein the first white system light includes a spectral power distribution including the primary light, the first luminescent material device light, and the secondary light.More specifically, in an embodiment, the control system may be configured to control the system light so that: (a) in a first operable mode of the light generating system, a first white system light having a first correlated color temperature CCT1 is provided, wherein the first white system light comprises a spectral power distribution comprising primary light, first luminescent material device light, and secondary light; and / or (b) in a second operable mode of the light generating system, a second white system light having a second correlated color temperature CCT2 is provided, wherein the second white system light comprises a spectral power distribution comprising primary light, second luminescent material device light, and secondary light. Furthermore, in a specific embodiment, CCT2-CCT1≥500K.Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the present invention provides a light generating system, which includes one or more primary solid-state light sources, one or more secondary solid-state light sources, a first luminescent material device, a second luminescent material device and a control system, wherein: (A) one or more primary solid-state light sources are configured to generate primary light having a peak primary wavelength (λp1) in the wavelength range of 430nm to 490nm; (B) one or more secondary solid-state light sources are configured to generate secondary light having a main secondary wavelength (λd3) in the wavelength range of 610nm to 630nm; (C) the first luminescent material device is configured to be in optical contact with at least one primary solid-state light source. (D) the second luminescent material device is configured to be in a light receiving relationship with at least one (other) primary solid-state light source, and is configured to convert at least a portion of the primary light of the at least one primary solid-state light source into a first luminescent material device light; wherein when the at least one primary solid-state light source alone illuminates the first luminescent material device, a first spectral power distribution including the primary light (of the at least one primary solid-state light source) and the first luminescent material device light is obtained; (D) the second luminescent material device is configured to be in a light receiving relationship with the at least one (other) primary solid-state light source, and is configured to convert at least a portion of the primary light into a second luminescent material device light; wherein when the at least one (other) primary solid-state light source alone illuminates the second luminescent material device, a first spectral power distribution including the primary light (of the at least one primary solid-state light source) and the first luminescent material device light is obtained (E) the first spectral power distribution and the second spectral power distribution have a v' value that differs by at least 0.02; wherein the first spectral power distribution has a first color point that is outside 10 color matching standard deviations (SDCM) from the black body locus, and wherein the second spectral power distribution has a second color point that is outside 10 color matching standard deviations (SDCM) from the black body locus (particularly above the BBL); (F) the light generating system is configured to generate system light (including one or more of (a) the first luminescent material device light, (b) the second luminescent material device light, and (c) the secondary light ); and (G) the control system is configured to control the system light so that: (G1) in a first operable mode of the light generating system, a first white system light having a first correlated color temperature CCT1 is provided, wherein the first white system light includes a spectral power distribution, which includes primary light, a first luminescent material device light, and secondary light; (G2) in a second operable mode of the light generating system, a second white system light having a second correlated color temperature CCT2 is provided, wherein the second white system light includes a spectral power distribution, which includes primary light, a second luminescent material device light, and secondary light; and (G3) CCT2-CCT1≥500K.

[0006] With such a system, it appears that the P1F3 and / or P2F3 requirements can be met with a relatively simple and energy efficient light generating system. Furthermore, it appears that the P1F3 and / or P2F3 requirements can be met over a relatively wide range of correlated color temperatures (CCT), even in relatively low correlated color temperature regions (e.g., about 3500K or lower). Furthermore, the present invention also allows for embodiments in which the melanopic equivalent daylight illuminance (MEDI) or melanopic daylight efficacy ratio (MDER) can be controlled and / or increased to relatively high levels, beneficial for stimulating circadian rhythms during the day. In this way, in further embodiments, even CCT and MEDI / MDER can be controlled separately. Thus, with the present invention, it appears that light with high color quality, high efficiency, and if desired, controllable and / or high MEDI can be provided.

[0007] Note that terms like “peak primary wavelength,” “dominant secondary wavelength,” and similar terms may also be indicated as “primary peak wavelength,” “secondary dominant wavelength,” respectively, and thus the same shall apply to similar terms, as will be clear to one skilled in the art.

[0008] As indicated above, the light generating system may include one or more primary solid state light sources, one or more secondary solid state light sources, a first luminescent material device and a second luminescent material device. Optionally, the light generating system may also include a control system. These elements will be discussed further below.

[0009] The light generating system may comprise at least two types of light sources. The first type of light source is indicated as "primary light source". Primary light sources particularly include solid-state light sources. Therefore, they are also indicated as "primary solid-state light sources" in this document. The light generating system may comprise one or more primary light sources. The second type of light source is indicated as "secondary light source". Secondary light sources (also) particularly include solid-state light sources. Therefore, they are also indicated as "secondary solid-state light sources" in this document. The light generating system may comprise one or more secondary light sources. Some aspects related to light sources are described below.

[0010] The term "light source" can in principle relate to any light source known in the art. It can be a conventional (tungsten) bulb, a low-pressure mercury lamp, a high-pressure mercury lamp, a fluorescent lamp, an LED (light emitting diode). In a specific embodiment, the light source comprises a solid-state LED light source (such as an LED or a laser diode (or "diode laser")). The term "light source" can also relate to a plurality of light sources, such as 2 to 2000 (solid-state) LED light sources. Therefore, the term LED can also refer to a plurality of LEDs. In addition, the term "light source" can also refer to a so-called chip-on-board (COB) light source in an embodiment. The term "COB" refers in particular to an LED chip in the form of a semiconductor chip, which is neither encapsulated nor connected, but is directly mounted on a substrate such as a PCB. Therefore, a plurality of light-emitting semiconductor light sources can be configured on the same substrate. In an embodiment, a COB is a multi-LED chip configured together as a single lighting module.

[0011] The term "light source" may also refer to a chip scale package (CSP). A CSP may include a single solid-state die on which a layer including a luminescent material is provided. The term "light source" may also refer to a medium power package. A medium power package may include one or more solid-state dies. (One or more) dies may be covered by a layer including a luminescent material. The die size may be equal to or less than 2 mm, such as in the range of, for example, 0.2 mm to 2 mm. Therefore, in an embodiment, the light source includes a solid-state light source. In addition, in a specific embodiment, the light source includes a chip scale package LED. In this article, the term "light source" may also particularly refer to a small solid-state light source, such as having a mini size or a micro size. For example, the light source may include one or more of a mini LED and a micro LED. In particular, in an embodiment, the light source includes a micro LED or "microLED" or "μLED". In this article, the term mini size or mini LED particularly indicates a solid-state light source having a size (such as a die size, particularly a length and a width) selected from a range of 100 μm to 1 mm. In this context, the term μ-size or micro-LED particularly denotes a solid-state light source having dimensions, such as die dimensions, particularly length and width, selected from the range of 100 μm and smaller.

[0012] The light source may have a light escape surface. With reference to conventional light sources such as light bulbs or fluorescent lamps, it may be the outer surface of a glass or quartz housing. For an LED, it may be, for example, an LED die, or, when a resin is applied to an LED die, it may be the outer surface of a resin. In principle, it may also be the end of an optical fiber. The term escape surface particularly relates to that part of the light source where light actually leaves the light source or escapes from the light source. The light source is configured to provide a light beam. The light beam (therefore) escapes from the light exit surface of the light source.

[0013] Likewise, the light generating device may comprise a light escape surface, such as an end window. Furthermore, also, the light generating system may comprise a light escape surface, such as an end window.

[0014] The term "light source" may refer to a semiconductor light emitting device, such as a light emitting diode (LED), a resonant cavity light emitting diode (RCLED), a vertical cavity laser diode (VCSEL), an edge emitting laser, etc. The term "light source" may also refer to an organic light emitting diode (OLED), such as a passive matrix (PMOLED) or an active matrix (AMOLED). In a specific embodiment, the light source includes a solid-state light source (such as an LED or a laser diode). In one embodiment, the light source includes an LED (light emitting diode). The term "light source" or "solid-state light source" may also refer to a superluminescent diode (SLED).

[0015] The term LED may also refer to a plurality of LEDs.

[0016] The term "light source" may also relate to a plurality of (substantially identical (or different)) light sources, such as 2-2000 solid-state light sources. In an embodiment, the light source may comprise one or more micro-optical elements (an array of micro-lenses) located downstream of a single solid-state light source (such as an LED) or downstream of a plurality of solid-state light sources (i.e., for example, shared by a plurality of LEDs). In an embodiment, the light source may comprise an LED with on-chip optics. In an embodiment, the light source comprises a pixelated single LED (with or without optics) (in an embodiment providing on-chip beam steering).

[0017] In an embodiment, the light source may be configured to provide a primary radiation that is used as is, such as, for example, a blue light source like a blue LED, or a green light source such as a green LED, and a red light source such as a red LED. Such LEDs that may not include a luminescent material ("phosphor") may be indicated as direct color LEDs.

[0018] However, in other embodiments, the light source may be configured to provide primary radiation, and a portion of the primary radiation is converted into secondary radiation. The secondary radiation may be based on a conversion performed by a luminescent material. Therefore, the secondary radiation may also be indicated as luminescent material radiation. In an embodiment, the luminescent material may be included by a light source, such as an LED having a luminescent material layer or a dome including a luminescent material. Such an LED may be indicated as a phosphor-converted LED or a PC LED (phosphor-converted LED). In other embodiments, the luminescent material may be configured at a certain distance from ("away from") the light source, such as an LED having a luminescent material layer that is not in physical contact with the die of the LED. Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the light source may be a light source that emits at least light at a wavelength selected from the range of 380nm to 470nm during operation. However, other wavelengths may also be possible. The light may be partially converted by the luminescent material.

[0019] In an embodiment, the light generating device may comprise a luminescent material. In an embodiment, the light generating device may comprise a PCLED. In other embodiments, the light generating device may comprise a direct LED (i.e., without phosphor). In an embodiment, the light generating device may comprise a laser device, like a laser diode. In an embodiment, the light generating device may comprise a super luminescent diode. Thus, in a specific embodiment, the light source may be selected from the group of a laser diode and a super luminescent diode. In other embodiments, the light source may comprise an LED.

[0020] The light source may in particular be configured to generate a source light having an optical axis (O) (, beam shape) and a spectral power distribution. In an embodiment, the source light may comprise one or more bands having a bandwidth as known for lasers.

[0021] The term "light source" may (thus) refer to the light generating element itself, like for example a solid-state light source; or for example to the packaging of a light generating element (such as a solid-state light source) and one or more of the following: an element comprising a luminescent material and (other) optics, like lenses, collimators. A light converter element ("converter element" or "converter") may comprise an element comprising a luminescent material. For example, a solid-state light source like a blue LED is itself a light source. A combination of a solid-state light source (as a light generating element) and a light converter element (such as a blue LED and a light converter element) optically coupled to the solid-state light source may also be a light source (but may also be indicated as a light generating device). Thus, a white LED is a light source (but may also be indicated as a (white) light generating device, for example).

[0022] The term "light source" herein may also refer to light sources including solid state light sources, such as LEDs or laser diodes or super luminescent diodes.

[0023] In embodiments, the term "light source" may (therefore) also refer to a light source that is (also) based on conversion of light, such as a light source in combination with a luminescent converter material. Thus, the term "light source" may also refer to a combination of an LED and a luminescent material configured to convert at least a portion of the LED radiation, or a combination of a (diode) laser and a luminescent material configured to convert at least a portion of the (diode) laser radiation.

[0024] In an embodiment, the term "light source" may also refer to a combination of a light source (like an LED) and a filter that may change the spectral power distribution of the light generated by the light source. In particular, the term "light generating device" may be used to address a light source and additional things (optical components), like filters and / or beam shaping elements, etc.

[0025] The phrase "different light sources" or "multiple different light sources" and similar phrases may refer to multiple solid-state light sources selected from at least two different bins in embodiments. Similarly, the phrase "same light source" or "multiple same light sources" and similar phrases may refer to multiple solid-state light sources selected from the same bin in embodiments.

[0026] The terms "solid-state light source" or "solid-state material light source" and similar terms may particularly refer to semiconductor light sources, such as light emitting diodes (LEDs), diode lasers or superluminescent diodes.

[0027] As indicated above, the one or more primary light sources in particular comprise a solid-state light source, such as an LED. Among other things, the primary light source may be used to generate blue light, which in an embodiment may be partially converted by the luminescent material. Thus, in an embodiment, the one or more primary solid-state light sources are configured to generate primary light having a peak primary wavelength (λp1) in the wavelength range of 430 nm to 490 nm. This wavelength range is substantially a blue wavelength range.

[0028] The term "violet light" or "violet emission" and similar terms may particularly relate to light having a wavelength in the range of about 380nm to 440nm. In a specific embodiment, the violet light may have a centroid wavelength in the range of 380nm to 440nm. The term "blue light" or "blue emission" and similar terms may particularly relate to light having a wavelength in the range of about 440nm to 490nm (including some violet and cyan hues). In a specific embodiment, the blue light may have a centroid wavelength in the range of 440nm to 490nm. The term "green light" or "green emission" and similar terms may particularly relate to light having a wavelength in the range of about 490nm to 560nm. In a specific embodiment, the green light may have a centroid wavelength in the range of 490nm to 560nm. The term "yellow light" or "yellow emission" and similar terms may particularly relate to light having a wavelength in the range of about 560nm to 590nm. In a specific embodiment, yellow light may have a centroid wavelength in the range of 560nm to 590nm. The term "orange light" or "orange emission" and similar terms may particularly relate to light having a wavelength in the range of about 590nm to 620nm. In a specific embodiment, orange light may have a centroid wavelength in the range of 590nm to 620nm. The term "red light" or "red emission" and similar terms may particularly relate to light having a wavelength in the range of about 620nm to 750nm. In a specific embodiment, red light may have a centroid wavelength in the range of 620nm to 750nm. The term "cyan light" or "cyan emission" and similar terms may particularly relate to light having a wavelength in the range of about 490nm to 520nm. In a specific embodiment, cyan light may have a centroid wavelength in the range of 490nm to 520nm. The terms "amber light" or "amber emission" and similar terms may particularly relate to light having a wavelength in the range of about 585nm to 605nm, such as about 590nm to 600nm. In a specific embodiment, the amber light may have a centroid wavelength in the range of 585nm to 605nm. The phrase "light having one or more wavelengths in the wavelength range" and similar phrases may particularly indicate that the indicated light (or radiation) has a spectral power distribution that has at least one or more intensities at these one or more wavelengths in the indicated wavelength range. For example, a blue emitting solid-state light source will have a spectral power distribution that has intensities at one or more wavelengths in the wavelength range of 440nm to 495nm.

[0029] The term "visible", "visible light" or "visible emission" and similar terms refer to light with one or more wavelengths in the range of about 380nm-780nm. In this context, UV may particularly refer to a wavelength selected from the range of 190nm-380nm, such as 200nm-380nm.

[0030] The terms "light" and "radiation" are used interchangeably herein, unless the context clearly indicates that the term "light" refers only to visible light. Thus, the terms "light" and "radiation" may refer to UV radiation, visible light, and IR radiation. In specific embodiments, particularly for lighting applications, the terms "light" and "radiation" refer to (at least) visible light.

[0031] The term "centroid wavelength" (also indicated as λc) is known in the art and refers to the wavelength value where half of the light energy (particularly half of the light energy of a band in the spectral power distribution) is at shorter wavelengths and the other half of the energy is at longer wavelengths; the value is expressed in nanometers (nm). It is the wavelength that divides the integral of the spectral power distribution into two equal parts, as represented by the formula λc=∑λ*I(λ) / (∑I(λ)), where the sum is over the wavelength range of interest, and I(λ) is the spectral intensity or energy density (i.e., the integral of the product of wavelength and intensity over the emission band is normalized to the integrated intensity). The centroid wavelength can be determined, for example, under operating conditions.

[0032] The term "dominant wavelength" or "dominant wavelength of a color stimulus" is known in the art and may in particular be defined as the wavelength of a monochromatic stimulus which, when additively mixed in appropriate proportions with a specified achromatic stimulus, matches the color stimulus considered in the CIE 1931 x,y chromaticity diagram (see also ANSI / IES LS-1-21, Lighting Science: Nomenclature and Definitions for Illuminating Engineering; https: / / www.ies.org / definitions / dominant-wavelength-of-a-color-stimulus / ).

[0033] Therefore, in an embodiment, the one or more primary solid state light sources are configured to generate primary light having a peak primary wavelength (λp1) within the wavelength range of 430nm to 490nm, more particularly within the wavelength range of 440nm to 490nm.

[0034] As indicated above, one or more secondary light sources are in particular solid-state light sources, such as LEDs. Among other things, the secondary light source can be used to generate orange-red light. In particular, it is not intended that the secondary light be converted by the luminescent material. However, most of the luminescent materials suitable for the first luminescent material device and / or the second luminescent material device may substantially not absorb the light of the secondary light source. In addition, the secondary light sources can be positioned in such a way that they are also not upstream of the first luminescent material device and / or the second luminescent material device. However, such an upstream arrangement is not excluded herein. Therefore, in an embodiment, one or more secondary solid-state light sources are configured to generate secondary light having a primary secondary wavelength (λd3) in a wavelength range of 590nm to 750nm. More particularly, one or more secondary solid-state light sources are configured to generate secondary light having a primary secondary wavelength (λd3) in a wavelength range of 610nm to 630nm.

[0035] As indicated above, the primary light may be used to generate luminescent material light. Such luminescent material may be configured to convert at least a portion of the primary light into luminescent material light. Some embodiments of luminescent material (generally) are described here below.

[0036] The term "luminescent material" refers in particular to a material which can convert a first radiation, in particular one or more of UV radiation and blue radiation, into a second radiation. Typically, the first radiation and the second radiation have different spectral power distributions. Therefore, instead of the term "luminescent material", the term "luminescent converter" or "converter" can also be applied. Typically, the second radiation has a spectral power distribution at a larger wavelength than the first radiation, which is the case in so-called down-conversion. However, in a specific embodiment, the second radiation has a spectral power distribution with an intensity at a smaller wavelength than the first radiation, which is the case in so-called up-conversion.

[0037] In an embodiment, a "luminescent material" may refer in particular to a material that can convert radiation into, for example, visible light and / or infrared light. For example, in an embodiment, the luminescent material may be able to convert one or more of UV radiation and blue radiation into visible light. In a specific embodiment, the luminescent material may also convert radiation into infrared radiation (IR). Thus, upon excitation with radiation, the luminescent material emits radiation. Typically, the luminescent material will be a down-converter, i.e., radiation of a smaller wavelength is converted into radiation with a larger wavelength (λ ex <λ em ), but in a specific embodiment the luminescent material may comprise an up-converter luminescent material, ie radiation of a larger wavelength is converted into radiation having a smaller wavelength (λ ex >λ em ).

[0038] In an embodiment, the term "luminescence" may refer to phosphorescence. In an embodiment, the term "luminescence" may also refer to fluorescence. Instead of the term "luminescence", the term "emission" may also be applied. Thus, the terms "first radiation" and "second radiation" may refer to excitation radiation and emission (radiation), respectively. Likewise, the term "luminescent material" may refer to phosphorescence and / or fluorescence in an embodiment.

[0039] The term "luminescent material" may also refer to a variety of different luminescent materials. Examples of possible luminescent materials are indicated below. Therefore, the term "luminescent material" may also refer to a luminescent material composition in a specific embodiment. Instead of the term "luminescent material", the term "phosphor" may also be applied. These terms are known to a person skilled in the art.

[0040] In an embodiment, the luminescent material is selected from garnets and nitrides, in particular garnets and nitrides doped with trivalent cerium or divalent europium, respectively. The term "nitride" may also refer to oxynitrides or nitrogen silicates, etc. Alternatively or additionally, the luminescent material(s) may be selected from silicates, in particular silicates doped with divalent europium.

[0041] In a specific embodiment, the luminescent material comprises type A3B5O 12 :Ce, wherein in an embodiment, A comprises one or more of Y, La, Gd, Tb and Lu, in particular (at least) one or more of Y, Gd, Tb and Lu, and wherein in an embodiment, B comprises one or more of Al, Ga, In and Sc. In particular, A may comprise one or more of Y, Gd and Lu, such as in particular one or more of Y and Lu.

[0042] In an embodiment, B may include one or more of Al and Ga, more particularly at least Al, such as substantially all Al. In other embodiments, B may include one or more of Al and Ga, more particularly at least Ga. The former embodiment may show emission that is red-shifted relative to the emission of the latter embodiment; or, the latter embodiment shows emission that may be relatively blue-shifted relative to the former embodiment.

[0043] Therefore, particularly suitable luminescent materials are garnet materials comprising cerium. Examples of garnets particularly include A3B5O 12Garnet, wherein A comprises at least yttrium or lutetium, and wherein B comprises at least aluminum. Such garnet may be doped with cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr) or a combination of cerium and praseodymium; however, in particular with Ce. In particular, B may comprise aluminum (Al); however, in addition to aluminum, B may also partially comprise gallium (Ga) and / or scandium (Sc) and / or indium (In), in particular up to about 20% of B, more in particular up to about 10% of B (i.e., the B ions consist essentially of 90% or more by mole of Al and 10% or less by mole of one or more of Ga, Sc and In); B may in particular comprise up to about 10% of gallium. In another variant, B and O may be at least partially replaced by Si and N. The element A may in particular be selected from the group consisting of yttrium (Y), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb) and lutetium (Lu). Furthermore, Gd and / or Tb may in particular only be present in an amount up to about 20% of A. In a specific embodiment, the garnet luminescent material includes (Y 1-x Lu x )3B5O 12 :Ce, wherein x is equal to or greater than 0 and equal to or less than 1. The term ":Ce" indicates that a portion of the metal ions in the luminescent material (i.e., in garnet: a portion of the "A" ions) are replaced by Ce. 1-x Lu x )3Al5O 12 In the case of Ce, part of Y and / or Lu is replaced by Ce. This is known to those skilled in the art. Ce will generally replace A by no more than 10%; usually, the Ce concentration will be in the range of 0.1% to 4%, especially 0.1% to 2% (relative to A). Assuming 1% Ce and 10% Y, the completely correct chemical formula can be (Y 0.1 Lu 0.89 Ce 0.01 )3Al5O 12 As known to those skilled in the art, Ce in garnet is mostly or exclusively in the trivalent state.

[0044] In an embodiment, the luminescent material (therefore) comprises A3B5O 12 , wherein in a specific embodiment, up to 10% of BO can be replaced by Si-N.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, the luminescent material includes (Y x1 A' x2 Ce x3 )3(Al y1 B' y2 )5O 12, where x1 + x2 + x3 = 1, where x3 > 0, where 0 < x2 + x3 ≤ 0.2, where y1 + y2 = 1, where 0 ≤ y2 ≤ 0.2, where A' includes one or more elements selected from the group consisting of lanthanide elements, and where B' includes one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ga, In, and Sc. In an embodiment, x3 is selected from the range of 0.001 - 0.1. In the present invention, particularly x1 > 0, such as > 0.2, like at least 0.8. The garnet with Y can provide a suitable spectral power distribution.

[0046] In a specific embodiment, up to 10% of B - O can be replaced by Si - N. Here, B in B - O refers to one or more of Al, Ga, In, and Sc (and O refers to oxygen); in a specific embodiment, B - O can refer to A1 - O. As indicated above, in a specific embodiment, x3 can be selected from the range of 0.001 - 0.04. Particularly, such a luminescent material can have a suitable spectral distribution (however, see below), have a relatively high efficiency, have a relatively high thermal stability, and allow a high CRI (optionally in combination with the light of other light sources as described herein). Thus, in a specific embodiment, A can be selected from the group consisting of Lu and Gd. Alternatively or additionally, B can include Ga. Thus, in an embodiment, the luminescent material includes (Y x1 (Lu,Gd) x2 Ce x3 )3(Al y1 Ga y2 )5O 12 , where Lu and / or Gd can be available. Even more particularly, x3 is selected from the range of 0.001 - 0.1, where 0 < x2 + x3 ≤ 0.1, and where 0 ≤ y2 ≤ 0.1. Additionally, in a specific embodiment, up to 1% of B - O can be replaced by Si - N. Here, the percentage refers to moles (as known in the art); also see, for example, EP3149108. In another specific embodiment, the luminescent material includes (Y x1 Ce x3 )3Al5O 12 , where x1 + x3 = 1, and where 0 < x3 ≤ 0.2, such as 0.001 - 0.1. In a specific embodiment, A can particularly include at least Y, and B can particularly include at least Al. However, in other specific embodiments, A can particularly include at least one or more of Gd and Lu, and B can particularly include at least Ga.

[0047] Alternatively or additionally, where the luminescent material can include type A3Si6N 11 :Ce 3+A light-emitting material, wherein A includes one or more of Y, La, Gd, Tb and Lu, such as one or more of La and Y in an embodiment.

[0048] In an embodiment, the luminescent material may alternatively or additionally include one or more of the following: MS:Eu 2+ and / or M2Si5N8:Eu 2+ and / or MAlSiN3:Eu 2+ and / or Ca2AlSi3O2N5:Eu 2+ etc., wherein M includes one or more of Ba, Sr and Ca, and in particular includes at least Sr in embodiments. Therefore, in embodiments, the luminescent material may include one or more materials selected from the group consisting of (Ba,Sr,Ca)S:Eu, (Ba,Sr,Ca)AlSiN3:Eu and (Ba,Sr,Ca)2Si5N8:Eu. In these compounds, europium (Eu) is substantially or exclusively divalent and replaces one or more of the indicated divalent cations. Typically, Eu will not be present in an amount greater than 10% of the cations; its presence will in particular be in the range of about 0.5% to 10%, more particularly in the range of about 0.5% to 5%, relative to the (one or more) cations it replaces. The term ":Eu" indicates that a portion of the metal ion is replaced by Eu (in these embodiments by Eu 2+ For example, assuming that CaAlSiN3:Eu contains 2% Eu, the correct chemical formula would be (Ca 0.98 Eu 0.02 )AlSiN3. Divalent europium will generally replace divalent cations, such as the above-mentioned divalent alkaline earth metal cations, in particular Ca, Sr or Ba. The material (Ba,Sr,Ca)S:Eu can also be indicated as MS:Eu, wherein M is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of barium (Ba), strontium (Sr) and calcium (Ca); in particular, M includes calcium or strontium, or calcium and strontium, more in particular calcium in the compound. Here, Eu is introduced and replaces at least a portion of M (i.e. one or more of Ba, Sr and Ca). In addition, the material (Ba,Sr,Ca)2Si5N8:Eu can also be indicated as M2Si5N8:Eu, wherein M is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of barium (Ba), strontium (Sr) and calcium (Ca); in particular, M includes Sr and / or Ba in the compound. In another specific embodiment, M consists of Sr and / or Ba (excluding the presence of Eu), in particular 50% to 100%, more particularly 50% to 90% Ba and 50% to 0%, in particular 50% to 10% Sr, such as Ba 1.5 Sr 0.5Si5N8:Eu (i.e. 75% Ba; 25% Sr). Here, Eu is introduced and replaces at least a portion of M (i.e. one or more of Ba, Sr and Ca). Similarly, the material (Ba, Sr, Ca)AlSiN3:Eu can also be indicated as MAlSiN3:Eu, wherein M is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of barium (Ba), strontium (Sr) and calcium (Ca); in particular, M in the compound includes calcium or strontium, or calcium and strontium, more particularly calcium. Here, Eu is introduced and replaces at least a portion of M (i.e. one or more of Ba, Sr and Ca). As known to those skilled in the art, Eu in the luminescent materials indicated above is generally or only in a divalent state.

[0049] In an embodiment, the red light emitting material may include one or more materials selected from the group consisting of (Ba, Sr, Ca) S: Eu, (Ba, Sr, Ca) AlSiN3: Eu, and (Ba, Sr, Ca) 2Si5N8: Eu. In these compounds, europium (Eu) is substantially or exclusively divalent, and replaces one or more of the indicated divalent cations. In general, Eu will not be present in an amount greater than 10% of the cations; its presence will be particularly in the range of about 0.5% to 10%, more particularly in the range of about 0.5% to 5%, relative to the (one or more) cations it replaces. The term ": Eu" indicates that a portion of the metal ion is replaced by Eu (in these examples, by Eu). 2+ For example, assuming that there is 2% Eu in CaAlSiN3:Eu, the correct chemical formula would be (Ca 0.98 Eu 0.02 )AlSiN 3. The divalent europium will generally replace a divalent cation, such as the above-mentioned divalent alkaline earth metal cations, in particular Ca, Sr or Ba.

[0050] The material (Ba, Sr, Ca) S: Eu may also be indicated as MS: Eu, wherein M is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of barium (Ba), strontium (Sr) and calcium (Ca); in particular, M comprises calcium or strontium, or calcium and strontium, more particularly calcium in the compound. Here, Eu is introduced and replaces at least a portion of M (i.e., one or more of Ba, Sr and Ca).

[0051] Furthermore, the material (Ba, Sr, Ca) 2 Si 5 N 8 : Eu may also be indicated as M 2 Si 5 N 8 : Eu, wherein M is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of barium (Ba), strontium (Sr) and calcium (Ca); in particular, M comprises Sr and / or Ba in the compound. In a further specific embodiment, M consists of Sr and / or Ba (excluding the presence of Eu), in particular 50% to 100% Ba, more in particular 50% to 90% Ba, and 50% to 0% Sr, in particular 50% to 10% Sr, such as Ba. 1.5 Sr 0.5 Si5N8:Eu (ie, 75% Ba; 25% Sr). Here, Eu is introduced and replaces at least a portion of M (ie, one or more of Ba, Sr and Ca).

[0052] Likewise, the material (Ba, Sr, Ca) AlSiN3:Eu may also be indicated as MAlSiN3:Eu, wherein M is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of barium (Ba), strontium (Sr) and calcium (Ca); in particular, M comprises calcium or strontium, or calcium and strontium, more particularly calcium in the compound. Here, Eu is introduced and replaces at least a portion of M (i.e., one or more of Ba, Sr and Ca).

[0053] As known to those skilled in the art, Eu in the above-mentioned luminescent materials is mostly or only in a divalent state.

[0054] The blue light emitting material may include YSO (Y2SiO5:Ce 3+ ) or similar compounds, or BAM (BaMgAl 10 O 17 :Eu 2+ ) or similar compounds.

[0055] The term "luminescent material" in this context particularly relates to inorganic luminescent materials.

[0056] Alternatively or additionally, other luminescent materials may also be applied. For example, quantum dots and / or organic dyes may be applied and may optionally be embedded in a transmissive matrix (like for example a polymer, like PMMA or polysiloxane, etc.).

[0057] Quantum dots are small crystals of semiconductor materials, usually with a width or diameter of only a few nanometers. When excited by incident light, quantum dots emit light whose color is determined by the size and material of the crystal. Therefore, light of a specific color can be produced by adjusting the size of the dots. Most known quantum dots with emission in the visible light range are based on cadmium selenide (CdSe) with a shell, such as cadmium sulfide (CdS) and zinc sulfide (ZnS). Quantum dots without cadmium can also be used, such as indium phosphide (InP) and copper indium sulfide (CuInS2) and / or silver indium sulfide (AgInS2). Quantum dots show very narrow emission bands, and therefore they show saturated colors. In addition, the emission color can be easily tuned by adjusting the size of the quantum dots. Any type of quantum dots known in the art can be used in the present invention. However, for environmental safety and concerns, it may be preferred to use quantum dots without cadmium or at least quantum dots with very low cadmium content.

[0058] Instead of or in addition to quantum dots, other quantum confinement structures may also be used. In the context of the present application, the term "quantum confinement structure" should be understood as, for example, quantum wells, quantum dots, quantum rods, tripods, tetrapods or nanowires.

[0059] Organic phosphors may also be used. Examples of suitable organic phosphor materials are organic luminescent materials based on perylene derivatives, such as those manufactured by BASF as Examples of suitable compounds include, but are not limited to, Red F305, Orange F240, Yellow F083 and F170.

[0060] Different luminescent materials may have different spectral power distributions of the respective luminescent material light. Alternatively or additionally, such different luminescent materials may in particular have different color points (or dominant wavelengths).

[0061] As mentioned above, other luminescent materials are also possible. Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the luminescent material is selected from the group of nitrides containing divalent europium, oxynitrides containing divalent europium, silicates containing divalent europium, garnets containing cerium, and quantum structures. The quantum structure may, for example, include quantum dots or quantum rods (or other quantum type particles) (see above). The quantum structure may also include quantum wells. The quantum structure may also include photonic crystals.

[0062] In this context, (at least) two luminescent material arrangements may be applied.

[0063] The first luminescent material device combined with at least one primary solid state light source may be configured to provide off-white light. When off-white, together with the secondary light, white light may be generated within about 10 SDCM, such as within about 7 SDCM, even more particularly within about 5 SDCM from the BBL.

[0064] The first luminescent material device may include a layer or multiple layers comprising one or more luminescent materials, which layer or multiple layers may be configured on the die of the solid-state light source, like a coating, or may be configured in a light-transmitting body on the die of the solid-state light source, or may be configured away from the solid-state light source. However, in particular, the layer or multiple layers or light-transmitting body comprising one or more luminescent materials may be configured on the die. The term "die" may refer to the light-emitting surface of a solid-state light source such as an LED die.

[0065] The term "white light" and similar terms herein are known to the person skilled in the art. It may particularly relate to light having a correlated color temperature (CCT) between about 1800K and 20000K, such as between 2000K and 20000K, in particular 2700K to 20000K, for general lighting, in particular in the range of about 2000K to 7000K, such as in the range of 2700K to 6500K. In an embodiment, for example for backlighting purposes or for other purposes, the correlated color temperature (CCT) may in particular be in the range of about 7000K to 20000K. And further, in an embodiment, the correlated color temperature (CCT) is in particular within about 15SDCM (color matching standard deviation) from the BBL (black body locus), in particular within about 10SDCM from the BBL, even more in particular within about 5SDCM from the BBL.

[0066] Thus, the first luminescent material means may be configured in a light receiving relationship with the at least one primary solid state light source and may be configured to convert at least a portion of the primary light of the at least one primary solid state light source into first luminescent material means light.

[0067] The terms "light-receiving relationship" or "light receiving relationship" and similar terms may indicate that during operation of a light source (like a light generating device or a light generating element or a light generating system), the item may receive light from the light source. Therefore, the item may be configured downstream of the light source. Between the light source and the item, an optical device may be configured. The terms "upstream" and "downstream", such as in the context of the propagation of light, may particularly relate to the arrangement of the item or feature relative to the propagation of light from a light generating element (here in particular a corresponding solid-state light source), wherein relative to a first position in the light beam from the light generating element, a second position in the light beam that is closer to the light generating element (than the first position) is "upstream" and a third position in the light beam that is farther away from the light generating element (than the first position) is "downstream". Instead of the term "light generating element", the term "light generating device" may also be applied.

[0068] As can be derived from the above, when at least one primary solid-state light source illuminates the first luminescent material device alone, a first spectral power distribution including primary light (of the at least one primary solid-state light source) and light of the first luminescent material device is obtained. Note that this condition "when at least one primary solid-state light source illuminates the first luminescent material device alone" does not necessarily mean that during operation of the system, always at least one primary solid-state light source illuminates the first luminescent material device alone. However, if at least one primary solid-state light source illuminates the first luminescent material device alone, a first spectral power distribution is obtained. As indicated above, this first spectral power distribution may be off-white; only by adding secondary light, white light having a color point within about 10SDCM from the BBL may be obtained.

[0069] The second luminescent material device in combination with at least one primary solid-state light source may (also) be configured to provide off-white light. When off-white, together with the secondary light, white light may (also) be generated within about 10 SDCM, such as within about 7 SDCM, or even more particularly within about 5 SDCM from the BBL.

[0070] The second luminescent material device may include a layer or multiple layers comprising one or more luminescent materials, which may be configured on the die of the solid-state light source, like a coating, or may be configured in a light-transmitting body on the die of the solid-state light source, or may be configured away from the solid-state light source. However, in particular, the layer or multiple layers or light-transmitting body comprising one or more luminescent materials may be configured on the die.

[0071] Hence, the second luminescent material means may be configured in a light receiving relationship with at least one (other) primary solid state light source and configured to convert at least a portion of the primary light into second luminescent material means light.

[0072] As can be derived from the above, when at least one (other) primary solid-state light source illuminates the second luminescent material device alone, a second spectral power distribution including the primary light (of the at least one primary solid-state light source) and the second luminescent material device light is obtained. Note that this condition "when at least one secondary solid-state light source illuminates the second luminescent material device alone" does not necessarily mean that during operation of the system, always at least one secondary solid-state light source illuminates the second luminescent material device alone. However, if at least one secondary solid-state light source illuminates the second luminescent material device alone, a second spectral power distribution is obtained. As indicated above, this second spectral power distribution may be off-white; only by adding secondary light, white light having a color point within about 10SDCM from the BBL may be obtained. Thus, the off-white spectrum may be outside 10SDCM of the BBL, in particular more than 10SDCM above the BBL, while the first system light and the second system light may be within 10SDCM from the BBL, more particularly equal to or below the BBL (but not more than 10SDCM, such as not more than 7SDCM).

[0073] As can be derived from the above, there may be at least one primary solid-state light source configured upstream of the first luminescent material device, and there may be at least one (other) primary solid-state light source configured upstream of the second luminescent material device. Here hereinafter, the former is also indicated as "one or more first pump light sources", and the latter is also indicated as "one or more second pump light sources". In particular, in an embodiment, the luminescent material device downstream of the former is different from the luminescent material device of the latter. The difference may be in one or more of the layer thickness and the layer composition (such as, for example, the weight percentage of the luminescent material in the layer) in an embodiment. The term "layer composition" may particularly refer to the type of luminescent material included by the layer or the composition of the luminescent material in the layer. For example, a first layer comprising two different types of garnet luminescent materials may be different from a second layer comprising only one of such different types of garnet luminescent materials. Furthermore, for example, a first layer comprising a garnet luminescent material but not comprising another luminescent material is different from a second layer comprising the same garnet luminescent material and another luminescent material (such as a red emitting narrow-band luminescent material) (see also below). Furthermore, two layers comprising substantially the same (one or more) luminescent materials but having different layer thicknesses (resulting in different absorption) can provide luminescent material devices that differ in the layer thickness of the layer comprising the luminescent material. And further, two layers comprising substantially the same luminescent material(s) and having substantially the same layer thickness but having different weight percentages of the same luminescent material (resulting in different absorption and optionally also in luminescence that depends on the shift in weight percentage) may provide luminescent material devices that differ in the composition of the layers comprising the luminescent material. Of course, other embodiments may also be possible.

[0074] As indicated above, both the first spectral power distribution and the second spectral power distribution may be substantially off-white. In an embodiment, the first spectral power distribution has a first color point that is outside 5 color matching standard deviations (SDCM) from the blackbody locus, more particularly outside 7SDCM. Alternatively or additionally, in an embodiment, the second spectral power distribution has a second color point that is outside 5 color matching standard deviations (SDCM) from the blackbody locus, more particularly outside 7SDCM. In a specific embodiment, the first spectral power distribution has a first color point that is outside 10 color matching standard deviations (SDCM) from the blackbody locus, and the second spectral power distribution has a second color point that is outside 10 color matching standard deviations (SDCM) from the blackbody locus.

[0075] Furthermore, in particular, the first spectral power distribution and the second spectral power distribution may be different. One may be off-white, but closer to a relatively low CCT, and the other may be off-white, but closer to a relatively high CCT. In particular, in an embodiment, the first spectral power distribution and the second spectral power distribution have v' values ​​that differ by at least 0.015, in particular at least 0.02, such as at least about 0.025 in an embodiment. In particular, the difference may be such that when mixed with the secondary light to obtain white light within 10 SDCM from the BBL, the associated color difference is at least 500K, such as at least about 1000K.

[0076] The light generating system is particularly configured to generate system light.The system light may include one or more of: (a) first luminescent material device light, (b) second luminescent material device light, and (c) secondary light.

[0077] Furthermore, the system light may include a portion of the primary light. Thus, a portion of the primary light may not have been converted by the first luminescent material device and / or the second luminescent material device. More particularly, the primary solid-state light source and the first luminescent material device and the second luminescent material device may be configured such that a portion of the primary light is not converted by the first luminescent material device and / or the second luminescent material device. This partial conversion may be due to one or more of the following: a configuration in which a portion of the primary light is reflected (in a reflective configuration) or transmitted (in a transmissive configuration), and or a configuration in which a portion of the primary light bypasses the first luminescent material device and the second luminescent material device (and cannot be absorbed by the first luminescent material device and / or the second luminescent material device at all). In particular, here, the configuration of the luminescent material device is a transmissive configuration.

[0078] As indicated above, the light generating system may further comprise a control system (or may be functionally coupled to a control system).In particular, the control system may allow at least two operable modes of the light generating system.

[0079] The term "control" and similar terms refer at least in particular to the behavior of determining an element or the operation of a regulatory element. Therefore, "control" and similar terms herein may, for example, refer to the application of behavior (determining the behavior of an element or the operation of a regulatory element) to an element, such as, for example, measuring, displaying, actuating, opening, moving, changing temperature, etc. In addition, the term "control" and similar terms may additionally include monitoring. Therefore, the term "control" and similar terms may include applying behavior to an element, and also include applying behavior to an element and monitoring the element. The control of an element may be accomplished using a control system, which may also be indicated as a "controller". The control system and the element may therefore be functionally coupled at least temporarily or permanently. The element may include a control system. In an embodiment, the control system and the element may not be physically coupled. Control may be accomplished via wired and / or wireless control. The term "control system" may also refer to a plurality of different control systems, which are particularly functionally coupled, and wherein, for example, one control system may be a master control system, and one or more other control systems may be slave control systems. The control system may include a user interface or may be functionally coupled to a user interface.

[0080] The control system may also be configured to receive and execute instructions from a remote control. In an embodiment, the control system may be controlled via an application (App) on a device, such as a portable device, such as a smartphone or I-phone, a tablet, etc. Therefore, the device is not necessarily coupled to the lighting system, but may be (temporarily) functionally coupled to the lighting system.

[0081] Thus, in an embodiment, the control system may (also) be configured to be controlled by an application on a remote device. In such an embodiment, the control system of the lighting system may be a slave control system or a control in slave mode. For example, the lighting system may be identified with a code, which code is in particular a unique code of the respective lighting system. The control system of the lighting system may be configured to be controlled by an external control system, which accesses the lighting system based on knowledge of the (unique) code (entered via a user interface with an optical sensor (e.g. a QR code reader)). The lighting system may also comprise means for communicating with other systems or devices, such as based on Bluetooth, Thread, WIFI, LiFi, ZigBee, BLE or WiMAX or another wireless technology.

[0082] A system or device or apparatus may perform actions in a "mode" or "operating mode" or "operable mode". The term "operable mode" may also be indicated as a "control mode". Similarly, in a method, actions or phases or steps may be performed in a "mode" or "operating mode" or "operable mode". This does not exclude that a system or device or apparatus may also be adapted to provide another control mode, or a plurality of other control modes. Similarly, this may not exclude that one or more other modes may be performed before and / or after the execution of the mode.

[0083] However, in an embodiment, a control system adapted to provide at least a control mode may be available. If other modes are available, the selection of such modes may in particular be performed via a user interface, but other options (such as performing modes depending on sensor signals or (time) schemes) are also possible. In an embodiment, an operating mode may also refer to a system or device or apparatus that can only be operated in a single operating mode (i.e. "on", without further tunability).

[0084] Therefore, in an embodiment, the control system may perform control according to one or more of an input signal of a user interface, a sensor signal (of a sensor) and a timer. The term "timer" may refer to a clock and / or a predetermined time scheme.

[0085] In the first operational mode, the correlated color temperature is relatively low, whereas in the second operational mode, the correlated color temperature is relatively high. As will be further explained below, the fact that two operational modes may be available does not exclude the existence of further operational modes.

[0086] In particular, in an embodiment, the control system may be configured to control the system light such that (i) in a first operable mode of the light generating system, a first white system light is provided, and such that (ii) in a second operable mode of the light generating system, a second white system light is provided.

[0087] In particular, the first white system light may have a first correlated color temperature CCT1. Furthermore, the first white system light comprises a spectral power distribution including the primary light, the first luminescent material device light and the secondary light. Furthermore, in particular, the second white system light may have a second correlated color temperature CCT2. Furthermore, furthermore, the second white system light may comprise a spectral power distribution including the primary light, the second luminescent material device light and the secondary light. Furthermore, in an embodiment, CCT2-CCT1≥500K.

[0088] Thus, among other things, the present invention provides a tunable white light generating device having a CCT range of at least 500K or more. In an embodiment, the CCT (of the white system light) may be controlled between a first value (CCT1) and a second value (CCT2), wherein |CCT2-CCT1|≥500K, more particularly |CCT2-CCT1|≥1000K. In a specific embodiment, |CCT2-CCT1|≥1500K, such as |CCT2-CCT1|≥1800K, more particularly like |CCT2-CCT1|≥2000K. In a further embodiment, the system light may follow the black body locus over substantially the entire CCT range. For example, the system light may have a duv value of + / -0.01 relative to the black body locus over the entire correlated color temperature range, more particularly selected from the range of 0-0.01 below the BBL, such as the range of 0-0.006 below the BBL. Therefore, in an embodiment, the white system light may have a controllable correlated color temperature within a correlated color temperature range of at least 1000K, wherein the correlated color temperature range includes a first correlated color temperature CCT1 and a second correlated color temperature CCT2, wherein the system light has a duv value of + / - 0.01 relative to the blackbody locus over the entire correlated color temperature range.

[0089] In an embodiment, the first correlated color temperature CCT1 may be selected from the range of 1800 K to 4000 K and the second correlated color temperature CCT2 from the range of 4000 K to 8000 K. As indicated above, CCT2-CCT1≥500 K may apply, more particularly CCT2-CCT1≥1000 K.

[0090] As indicated above, the first spectral power distribution and the second spectral power distribution (i.e. in particular the light generated by the corresponding primary solid-state light source and the corresponding light source arrangement) are therefore off-white in the absence of light from the secondary solid-state light source. In an embodiment, the first spectral power distribution has a first color point that is outside 15 color matching standard deviations (SDCM) from the blackbody locus, and / or the second spectral power distribution has a second color point that is outside 15 color matching standard deviations (SDCM) from the blackbody locus. More particularly, the first spectral power distribution has a first color point that is outside 20 color matching standard deviations (SDCM) from the blackbody locus, and / or the second spectral power distribution has a second color point that is outside 20 color matching standard deviations (SDCM) from the blackbody locus, or for one or more of the first spectral power distribution and the second spectral power distribution, even at least 25 SDCM from the blackbody locus.

[0091] In an embodiment, the peak primary wavelength (λp1) may be selected from a wavelength range of 435 nm to 460 nm. More particularly, the peak primary wavelength (λp1) may be selected from a wavelength range of 438 nm to 458 nm. In a further specific embodiment (see also below), the peak primary wavelength (λp1) may be selected from a wavelength range of 452 nm to 458 nm. In particular, then, the best results may be obtained in terms of efficiency and meeting optical requirements.

[0092] Alternatively or additionally, the primary secondary wavelength (λd3) may be selected from the wavelength range of 615 nm to 625 nm, more particularly from the wavelength range of 616 nm to 622 nm. In particular, then, the best results may be obtained in terms of efficiency and meeting optical requirements.

[0093] Desirably, the first luminescent material device may be pumped with pump light from a first primary solid-state light source, and the second luminescent material device may be pumped with pump light from a second primary solid-state light source. As will be further described below, in embodiments, these pump light sources may be substantially the same, or may be different. As indicated above and as further described below, in particular, they may be individually controllable.

[0094] Thus, in an embodiment, the one or more primary solid-state light sources may include one or more first pump light sources and one or more second pump light sources. In particular, in an embodiment, the one or more first pump light sources are configured to generate a first pump light having a first pump peak wavelength (λp11), in a specific embodiment, the first pump peak wavelength (λp11) is in the wavelength range of 430nm to 490nm. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the one or more second pump light sources are configured to generate a second pump light having a second pump peak wavelength (λ12), in a specific embodiment, the second pump peak wavelength (λ12) is in the wavelength range of 430nm to 490nm. In an embodiment, the first luminescent material device may be configured to be in a light receiving relationship with the one or more first pump light sources, and may be configured to convert at least a portion of the first pump light of the one or more first pump light sources into a first luminescent material device light. Furthermore, in an embodiment, when the one or more first pump light sources illuminate the first luminescent material device alone, a first spectral power distribution including the first pump light (of the one or more first pump light sources) and the first luminescent material device light is obtained. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the second luminescent material device may be configured to be in a light receiving relationship with the one or more second pump light sources, and may be configured to convert at least a portion of the second pump light of the one or more second pump light sources into the second luminescent material device light. Furthermore, in an embodiment, when the one or more second pump light sources illuminate the second luminescent material device alone, a second spectral power distribution including the second pump light (of the one or more second pump light sources) and the second luminescent material device light is obtained.

[0095] This allows individual addressing of the pump light sources, thereby allowing control of the spectral power distribution of the system light, which can include contributions from one or more of the first spectral power distribution (when the first pump light is used) and the second spectral power distribution (when the second pump light is used). Therefore, in an embodiment (wherein the light generating system includes a control system), the control system can be configured to individually control one or more first pump light sources and one or more second pump light sources. More specifically, the control system can be configured to individually control one or more first pump light sources, one or more second pump light sources, and one or more secondary solid-state light sources.

[0096] In particular, in an embodiment, the control system may be configured to control the system light such that: (i) in a first operable mode of the light generating system, a first white system light is provided, and such that (ii) in a second operable mode of the light generating system, a second white system light is provided. If only the lowest CCT is desired, then in an embodiment substantially only the first spectral power distribution may be provided, optionally with a variable contribution of secondary light (resulting in the first white system light having a relatively low CCT, and optionally some possible variations in the first white system light due to the variable contribution of secondary light). If only the highest CCT is desired, then in an embodiment substantially only the second spectral power distribution may be provided, optionally with a variable contribution of secondary light (resulting in the second white system light having a relatively high CCT, and optionally some possible variations in the second white system light due to the variable contribution of secondary light).

[0097] For the intermediate CCT technical solution, a first white system light and a second white system light can be provided, wherein the relative contribution can define the CCT of the system light. The relative contribution can be controlled by controlling the power provided to the following items: (a) one or more primary solid-state light sources (for primary light for the first luminescent material device), (b) one or more (other) primary solid-state light sources (for primary light for the second luminescent material device), and (c) one or more secondary solid-state light sources (for secondary light). Alternatively (or additionally), the relative contribution of the following items: (a) primary light of one or more primary solid-state light sources for the first luminescent material device, (b) primary light of one or more (other) primary solid-state light sources for the second luminescent material device, and (c) secondary light of one or more secondary solid-state light sources can be controlled via pulse width modulation.

[0098] Thus, in embodiments, the light generating system may include a multi-channel configuration comprising: (i) a first channel comprising one or more primary solid-state light sources (for primary light for a first luminescent material device), (ii) a second channel comprising one or more (other) primary solid-state light sources (for primary light for a second luminescent material device), and (iii) a third channel comprising one or more secondary solid-state light sources (for secondary light). Furthermore, in embodiments, the light generating system may include a multi-channel configuration comprising: (i) a first channel comprising one or more first pump light sources, (ii) a second channel comprising one or more second pump light sources, and (iii) a third channel comprising one or more secondary solid-state light sources.

[0099] Note that one or more secondary light sources may be used for both the first system light and the second system light.Although two (or more) separate channels of secondary light sources for the respective first system light and second system light are not excluded herein, a single channel may suffice.

[0100] In an embodiment, this may mean that when there are two or more first pump light sources, they may be controlled as a set of first pump light sources, or when there are two or more first pump light sources, each subset of one or more first pump light sources may be controlled individually. In an embodiment, this may also mean that when there are two or more second pump light sources, they may be controlled as a set of second pump light sources, or when there are two or more second pump light sources, each subset of one or more second pump light sources may be controlled individually. Similarly, in an embodiment, this may also mean that when there are two or more secondary solid-state light sources, they may be controlled as a set of secondary solid-state light sources, or when there are two or more secondary solid-state light sources, each subset of one or more secondary solid-state light sources may be controlled individually.

[0101] In an embodiment, the one or more first solid-state light sources and the one or more second solid-state light sources are selected from the same bin. In a specific embodiment, the first pump peak wavelength (λp11) and the second pump peak wavelength (λp21) are the same. For example, in an embodiment, |λ11-λ12|≤5nm, such as |λ11-λ12|≤2.5nm. This can make the system even simpler to build.

[0102] In other embodiments, the one or more first solid-state light sources and the one or more second solid-state light sources are selected from different ranges. For example, in an embodiment, |λ11-λ12|≥7.5nm, such as |λ11-λ12|≥10nm. In a specific embodiment, the first pump peak wavelength (λp11) and the second pump peak wavelength (λp21) may differ by at least 5nm.

[0103] Even when the main wavelengths are different (or if they are the same), the first pump peak wavelength (λp11) and the second pump peak wavelength (λp12) may be selected from the wavelength range of 435 nm to 460 nm. In a specific embodiment, the first pump peak wavelength (λp11) may be selected from the wavelength range of 450 nm to 460 nm, such as from the range of 452 nm to 458 nm. Moreover, in a further specific embodiment, the second pump peak wavelength (λ12) may be selected from the wavelength range of 436 nm to 460 nm, such as from the range of 438 nm to 458 nm. Furthermore, as indicated above, the main secondary wavelength (λd3) is selected from the wavelength range of 615 nm to 625 nm. In particular, then, the best results can be obtained in terms of efficiency and meeting optical requirements.

[0104] As indicated above, if one or more of the primary light sources (such as one or more first pump light sources in an embodiment) illuminate the first luminescent material device alone, a first spectral power distribution of off-white color is obtained. In an embodiment, the first spectral power distribution may have a first color point, the first color point having 0.333≤x≤0.387 and 0.437≤y≤0.473. Furthermore, as indicated above, if one or more other of the primary light sources (such as one or more second pump light sources in an embodiment) illuminate the second luminescent material device alone, a second spectral power distribution of off-white color is obtained. In an embodiment, the second spectral power distribution may have a second color point as defined in claim 2, the second color point having 0.258≤x≤0.302 and 0.331≤y≤0.358.

[0105] The first luminescent material device and the second luminescent material device may comprise a first luminescent material and a second luminescent material, respectively. Note that the term "first luminescent material" may also refer to a plurality of (different) first luminescent materials. Similarly, the term "second luminescent material" may also refer to a plurality of (different) second luminescent materials. In particular, the two devices may each comprise a garnet-type luminescent material.

[0106] In an embodiment, the first luminescent material arrangement may include a first luminescent material, the second luminescent material arrangement may include a second luminescent material, and both the first luminescent material and the second luminescent material may include type A3B50. 12 A luminescent material of 1:10Ce, wherein A comprises one or more of Y, La, Gd, Tb and Lu, and wherein B comprises one or more of Al, Ga, In and Sc. Additional embodiments of such luminescent materials are described above.

[0107] In a specific embodiment, the first luminescent material can be configured to convert at least a portion of the primary light of at least one primary solid-state light source into a first luminescent material light, wherein the first luminescent material device light may include the first luminescent material light, wherein in a specific embodiment, the first luminescent material light has a first centroid wavelength selected from the wavelength range of 520nm to 570nm. In addition, in a specific embodiment, the second luminescent material can be configured to convert at least a portion of the primary light of at least one (other) primary solid-state light source into a second luminescent material light, wherein the second luminescent material device light may include the second luminescent material light, wherein in a specific embodiment, the second luminescent material light has a second centroid wavelength selected from the wavelength range of 520nm to 570nm.

[0108] In a specific embodiment, the first luminescent material light may have a first centroid wavelength selected from the wavelength range of 549nm-559nm, such as selected from the wavelength range of 550nm-558nm. Alternatively or additionally, in a specific embodiment, the second luminescent material light may have a second centroid wavelength selected from the wavelength range of 534nm-557nm, such as selected from the wavelength range of 535nm-557nm.

[0109] In an embodiment, the first centroid wavelength (of the first luminescent material light) and the second centroid wavelength (of the second luminescent material light) may be substantially the same. Thus, in an embodiment, the spectral power distribution of the first luminescent material light and the second luminescent material light may be substantially the same. In such an embodiment, the spectral power distribution of the first pump light and the second pump light may be different. For example, the pump peak wavelength may differ by at least 5 nm (see also above). In alternative embodiments, the spectral power distribution of the first pump light and the second pump light is not significantly different, and the dominant wavelength may be substantially the same. In such an embodiment, the spectral power distribution of the first luminescent material light and the second luminescent material light may be different. In yet other alternative embodiments, the spectral power distribution of the first pump light and the second pump light does differ, and the spectral power distribution of the first luminescent material light and the second luminescent material light may be different. In a specific embodiment, the first luminescent material and the second luminescent material are different luminescent materials, wherein the first luminescent material light is red-shifted relative to the second luminescent material light (and wherein (therefore) the second luminescent material light is blue-shifted relative to the first luminescent material light). In yet other specific embodiments, the first centroid wavelength and the second centroid wavelength may differ by at least 5 nm, and by a maximum of 70 nm.

[0110] In still other embodiments, the first spectral power distribution and the second spectral power distribution that are different from each other can be obtained with substantially the same pump peak wavelength and substantially the same spectral power distribution of the luminescent material light and the second luminescent material light, but by using different ratios of the spectral power distribution of the luminescent material light to the spectral power distribution of the pump light in the first spectral power distribution and the second spectral power distribution. Therefore, when the first luminescent material and the second luminescent material are the same, but for example different layer thicknesses of the luminescent material or different weight ratios in the luminescent material layer are applied, different first spectral power distributions and second spectral power distributions can be obtained. Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the first pump peak wavelength (λp11) and the second pump peak wavelength (λp21) can be the same, and the first luminescent material and the second luminescent material can be the same luminescent material.

[0111] Furthermore, in an embodiment, (a) the peak wavelength (λp1) of the one or more primary light sources / the second pump peak wavelength (λp2) of the one or more first pump light sources arranged upstream of the second luminescent material device (i.e., for generating a relatively high CCT second white system light) may be selected from a wavelength range of 450nm to 460nm, such as from a wavelength range of 452nm to 458nm, and (b) the second luminescent material light may have a second centroid wavelength selected from a wavelength range of 530nm-545nm, more particularly from 535nm-540nm. This may, for example, provide P1F3 compliance within the CCT range of 2700K-5000K with relatively high efficiency.

[0112] The contribution of the secondary light of the secondary solid-state light source to the first white system light (i.e. in addition to the first spectral power distribution) may be relatively high, in particular at the lower first CCT of the first white system light. This contribution may be reduced when the first luminescent material device also has a (significant) spectral intensity in the wavelength range of about 610 nm and higher.

[0113] Thus, in an embodiment, the first luminescent material arrangement may comprise a third luminescent material, wherein the third luminescent material is configured to convert at least a portion of the primary light of the at least one primary solid-state light source into third luminescent material light. In particular, in an embodiment, the third luminescent material light has a centroid wavelength (λ3c) selected from the range of 610 nm to 650 nm and a full width at half maximum of 70 nm or in particular of 60 nm or less. In particular, in an embodiment, the third luminescent material light has a centroid wavelength (λ3c) selected from the range of 620 nm to 650 nm.

[0114] In particular, the third luminophore may be a relatively narrowband emitter. With such luminescent material(s), the efficiency may be relatively high and the CRI may also be high. Broadband emitters in the (far) red may be less efficient. In an embodiment, the third luminescent material may comprise one or more emission bands having a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of a maximum of 70 nm, more particularly a maximum of 60 nm, such as a maximum of 50 nm.

[0115] In a specific embodiment, the third luminescent material may comprise one or more emission lines having a full width at half maximum of approximately 30 nm, more particularly of a maximum of 20 nm.

[0116] In a specific embodiment, the third luminescent material includes a type M′ doped with tetravalent manganese. x M 2-2x The light-emitting material of AX6, wherein M' comprises an alkaline earth metal cation, M comprises an alkaline cation, and x is in the range of 0-1, wherein A comprises a tetravalent cation, including one or more of silicon and titanium, and wherein X comprises a monovalent anion, including at least fluorine.

[0117] Among others, type M' doped with tetravalent manganese is described in WO2013121355A. x M 2-2x The luminescent material of AX6 is incorporated herein by reference. The paragraph from WO2013121355A1 is also copied in this article.

[0118] In this article, further, M' doped with tetravalent manganese x M 2-2x AX6 may also be referred to as "phosphor" in short form, that is, the phrase "comprising M' doped with tetravalent manganese" x M 2-2x The phosphor of AX6 may also be read as M' doped with tetravalent manganese in the embodiment. x M 2-2x AX6 phosphor, or (quaternary) Mn-doped M' x M 2-2x AX6 phosphor, or simply "phosphor".

[0119] The relevant basic cations (M) are sodium (Na), potassium (K) and rubidium (Rb). Alternatively, lithium and / or cesium may also be used. In a preferred embodiment, M comprises at least potassium. In a further embodiment, M comprises at least rubidium. The phrase "wherein M comprises at least potassium" indicates, for example, that in molar M' x M 2-2x Among all the M cations in AX6, some include K +and optionally the remainder comprises one or more other monovalent (basic) cations (see also below). In another preferred embodiment, M comprises at least potassium and rubidium. Optionally, M' x M 2-2x AX6 luminescent material has a hexagonal phase. In another embodiment, M' x M 2-2x The AX6 luminescent material has a cubic phase.

[0120] Relevant alkaline earth metal cations (M') are one or more of magnesium (Mg), strontium (Sr), calcium (Ca) and barium (Ba), in particular Sr and Ba.

[0121] In one embodiment, a combination of different alkaline cations can be used. In another embodiment, a combination of different alkaline earth metal cations can be used. In another embodiment, a combination of one or more alkaline cations and one or more alkaline earth metal cations can be used. For example, KRb can be used. 0.5 Sr 0.25 AX6. As indicated above, x may be in the range of 0-1, in particular x<1. In one embodiment, x=0.

[0122] The term "tetravalent manganese" refers to Mn 4+ This is a well-known luminescent ion. In the chemical formula indicated above, a portion of the tetravalent cation A (such as Si) is replaced by manganese. Therefore, M' doped with tetravalent manganese x M 2-2x AX6 can also be indicated as M' x M 2-2x A 1-m Mn m X6. The molar percentage of manganese (ie the percentage by which it replaces the tetravalent cation A) will generally be in the range of 0.1%-15%, especially in the range of 1%-12%, ie m is in the range of 0.001-0.15, especially in the range of 0.01-0.12.

[0123] A comprises a tetravalent cation and preferably comprises at least silicon. A may optionally (also) comprise one or more of titanium (Ti), germanium (Ge), tin (Sn) and zinc (Zn). Preferably, at least 80%, even more preferably at least 90%, such as at least 95%, of M consists of silicon. Thus, in a specific embodiment, M' x M 2-2x AX6 can also be described as M' x M 2-2x A 1-m-t-g-s- zr Mn m Ti t Ge g Sns Zr zr X6, wherein m and x are as indicated above, and wherein t, g, s, zr are each individually preferably in the range of 0-0.2, in particular 0-0.1, even more in particular 0-0.05, wherein t+g+s+zr is less than 1, in particular equal to or less than 0.2, preferably in the range of 0-0.2, in particular 0-0.1, even more in particular 0-0.05, and wherein A is in particular Si. X is preferably fluorine (F).

[0124] As indicated above, M refers to a monovalent cation, but preferably includes at least potassium and / or rubidium. Other monovalent cations that M may also include may be selected from lithium (Li), sodium (Na), cesium (Cs) and ammonium (NH4 + ). In one embodiment, preferably at least 80% (i.e. 80% of all moles of type M), even more preferably at least 90%, such as 95%, of M consists of potassium and / or rubidium. In particular, in these embodiments, x is therefore zero.

[0125] Therefore, in one specific embodiment, M' x M 2-2x AX6 can also be described as (k 1-r-l-n-c-nh )Rb r Li l Na n Cs c (NH4) nh )2AX6, wherein r is in the range of 0-1, wherein l, n, c, nh are each individually preferably in the range of 0-1, preferably 0-0.2, particularly 0-0.1, even more particularly 0-0.05, and wherein r+l+n+c+nh is in the range of 0-1, particularly l+n+c+nh is less than 1, particularly equal to or less than 0.2, preferably in the range of 0-0.2, particularly 0-0.1, even more particularly 0-0.05. X is preferably fluorine (F).

[0126] As indicated above, instead of or in addition to the basic cation(s), one or more alkaline earth metal cations may also be present. Thus, in a specific embodiment, M' x M 2-2x AX6 can also be described as Mg mg Ca ca Sr sr Ba ba (K k R r Li l Na n Cs c (NH4) nh)2AX6, wherein k, r, l, n, c, nh are each individually in the range of 0-1, wherein mg, ca, sr, ba are each individually in the range of 0-1, and wherein mg+ca+sr+ba+k+r+l+n+c+nh=1. In an embodiment, k=1, and the others (mg, ca, sr, ba, r, l, n, c, nh) are zero.

[0127] As indicated above, X refers to a monovalent anion, but at least comprises fluorine. Other monovalent anions that may optionally be present may be selected from the group consisting of chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br) and iodine (I). Preferably, at least 80%, even more preferably at least 90%, such as 95%, of X consists of fluorine. Thus, in a particular embodiment, M' x M 2-2x AX6 can also be described as M' x M 2-2x A(F 1-cl-b-i Cl cl Br b I i )6, wherein cl, b, i are each individually preferably in the range of 0-0.2, in particular 0-0.1, even more in particular 0-0.05, and wherein cl+b+i is less than 1, in particular equal to or less than 0.2, preferably in the range of 0-0.2, in particular 0-0.1, even more in particular 0-0.05. In particular, X consists essentially of F (fluorine).

[0128] Therefore, M' x M 2-2x AX6 can also be described as (K 1-r-l-n-c-nh R r Li l Na n Cs c (NH4) nh )2Si 1-m-t-g-s- zr Mn m Ti t Ge g Sn s Zr zr (F 1-cl-b-i Cl cl B b I i )6, wherein the values ​​of r, l, n, c, NH, m, t, g, s, zr, cl, b, i are as indicated above. X is preferably fluorine (F).

[0129] Even more specifically, M' x M 2-2x AX6 can also be described as Mg mg Caca Sr sr Ba ba (K k R r Li l Na n Cs c (NH4) nh )2Si 1-m-t-g-s-zr Mn m Ti t Ge g Sn s Zr zr (F 1-cl-b-i Cl cl Br b I i )6, wherein k, r, l, n, c, nh are each individually in the range of 0-1, wherein mg, ca, sr, ba are each individually in the range of 0-1, wherein mg+ca+sr+ba+k+r+l+n+c+nh=1, and wherein the values ​​of m, t, g, s, zr, cl, b, i are as indicated above. X is preferably fluorine (F).

[0130] In a preferred embodiment, M' x M 2-2x AX6 comprises K2SiF6 (also indicated herein as KSiF system). As indicated above, in another preferred embodiment, M' x M 2-2x AX6 includes KRbSiF6 (i.e., r=0.5 and l, n, c, nh, t, g, s, zr, cl, b, i are 0) (also indicated herein as K, Rb system). As indicated above, a portion of silicon is replaced by manganese (i.e., the chemical formula can also be described as K2Si 1-m Mn m F6 or KRbSi 1-m Mn m F6, where m is as indicated above, or described as KRbSiF6:Mn and K2SiF6:Mn, respectively). Since manganese replaces part of the host lattice ions and has a specific function, it is also indicated as a "dopant" or "activator". 4+ ) doping or activation.

[0131] It is also possible to apply luminescent materials, as also described in WO 2013121355 A1.

[0132] In an embodiment, the third light emitting material may include (K, Rb)2SiF6:Mn 4+ Alternatively or additionally, in an embodiment, the third luminescent material may include K2SiF6:Mn4+ Alternatively or additionally, in an embodiment, the third luminescent material may include K2TiF6:Mn 4+ In an embodiment, the third luminescent material may include K2(Si,Ti)F6:Mn 4+ As can be derived from the above, “Si, Ti” may indicate one or more of Si and Ti.

[0133] Such a third luminescent material may provide third luminescent material light having an emission line (in the red wavelength range) having a full width at half maximum of about 20 nm when excited by the device light.

[0134] Instead of or in addition to the type M' doped with tetravalent manganese x M 2-2x The luminescent material of AX6 may also use a luminescent material based on a quantum structure. Therefore, in an embodiment, the third luminescent material includes a luminescent material based on a quantum structure, such as, for example, wherein the third luminescent material includes quantum dots. In this article, the term "luminescent material based on a quantum structure" may also be indicated as a "quantum structure" or a "quantum confinement structure". Examples of quantum structures are also given above: the term "quantum confinement structure" should be understood in the context of this application as, for example, quantum wells, quantum dots, quantum rods, tripods, tetrapods or nanowires, etc. The quantum structure may also include a photonic crystal. The luminescent material based on a quantum structure may include, for example, a semiconductor material.

[0135] Examples of quantum structure-based luminescent materials (such as semiconductor nanocrystal (core) shell materials) include, but are not limited to: red (e.g., (CdSe) ZnS (core) shell), green (e.g., (CdZnSe) CdZnS (core) shell, etc.), and blue (e.g., (CdS) CdZnS (core) shell (see also further examples of semiconductor-based specific wavelength converter nanoparticles above). In this article, the terms "semiconductor nanocrystal" and "QD" are used interchangeably. Another term for quantum dots is luminescent nanocrystals. Therefore, the above outer surface can be a bare quantum dot (i.e., does not include an additional shell or The wavelength converter nanoparticles may be selected from the group consisting of core-shell nanoparticles, wherein the core and the shell comprise one or more of the following: CdS, CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, CdSeS, CdSeTe, CdSTe, ZnSeS, ZnSeTe, ZnSTe, HgSeS, HgSeTe, Hg STe, CdZnS, CdZnSe, CdZnTe, CdHgS, CdHgSe, CdHgTe, HgZnS, HgZnSe, HgZnTe, CdZnSeS, CdZnSeTe, CdZnSTe, CdHgSeS, CdHgS eTe, CdHgSTe, HgZnSeS, HgZnSeTe, HgZnSTe, GaN, GaP, GaAs, AlN, AlP, AlAs, InN, InP, InAs, GaNP, GaNAs, GaPAs, AlNP, AlNAs , AlPAs, InNPs, InNAs, InPAs, GaAlNPs, GaAlNAs, GaAlPAs, GaInNPs, GaInNAs, GaInPAs, InA1NPs, InA1NAs, and InAlPAs. Typically, the core and shell comprise the same class of materials, but are composed essentially of different materials, like a ZnS shell surrounding a CdSe core. In one embodiment, the quantum dots comprise core / shell luminescent nanocrystals comprising CdSe / ZnS, InP / ZnS, InP / ZnSe, InP / ZnSe 1-x S x , PbSe / PbS, CdSe / CdS, CdTe / CdS or CdTe / ZnS. Additional examples of quantum structures are also described above, and may also include quantum confinement structures such as, for example, quantum wells, quantum dots, quantum rods, tripods, tetrapods or nanowires.

[0136] In a specific embodiment, when the third luminescent material comprises a quantum structure based luminescent material, the emission may have a full width at half maximum of about 50 nm, more particularly of about 40 nm.

[0137] In addition, it may be desirable to control the melanopsin equivalent daylight illuminance of the system light. For example, it may be possible to control the MEDI (or MDER) while keeping the CCT constant. Thus, depending on the situation or application, the MEDI may be selected to be higher or lower. For example, it is also possible that when controlling a primary solid-state light source, a secondary solid-state light source, and an additional light source that may emit in the blue-cyan range, the MEDI may be increased and the CCT may be decreased. Of course, it is also possible that the CCT may be increased and the MEDI may also be increased. The blue-cyan wavelength range is a wavelength range of 440nm-520nm.

[0138] Therefore, in an embodiment, the light generating system may further comprise one or more tertiary solid-state light sources configured to generate tertiary light source light having a third dominant wavelength (λ13), in a specific embodiment, the third dominant wavelength being in the wavelength range of 470 nm to 520 nm. More particularly, the tertiary light source light may have a third dominant wavelength (λ13) selected from the wavelength range of 465 nm to 495 nm, preferably 470 nm to 500 nm, such as at least about 475 nm, in an embodiment like up to about 500 nm, in a specific embodiment like selected from the range of 475 nm to 495 nm. In other embodiments, the tertiary light source light may have a third dominant wavelength (λ13) selected from the wavelength range of at least 490 nm, and / or the tertiary light source light may have a third dominant wavelength (λ13) selected from the wavelength range of up to 520 nm.

[0139] Utilizing such an embodiment, the present invention may also allow the melanopsin equivalent daylight illumination (MEDI) or melanopsin daylight efficacy ratio (MDER) to be controlled and / or increased to relatively high levels, beneficial for stimulating circadian rhythms during the day.

[0140] In particular, the difference between the peak wavelength of the tertiary light source and the peak wavelength of the primary light may be at least 10 nm, such as at least 15 nm. In a particular embodiment, the difference between the peak wavelength of the tertiary light source and the peak wavelength of the primary light may be at least 20 nm.

[0141] In particular, the control system can be configured to individually control one or more primary solid-state light sources, one or more secondary solid-state light sources, and one or more tertiary solid-state light sources. In a specific embodiment, the control system can be configured to individually control one or more first pump light sources, one or more second pump light sources, one or more secondary solid-state light sources, and one or more tertiary solid-state light sources.

[0142] Thus, in an embodiment, the light generating system may include a multi-channel configuration comprising: (i) a first channel comprising one or more primary solid-state light sources (for primary light for a first luminescent material device), (ii) a second channel comprising one or more (other) primary solid-state light sources (for primary light for a second luminescent material device), (iii) a third channel comprising one or more secondary solid-state light sources (for secondary light), and (iv) a fourth channel comprising one or more tertiary solid-state light sources. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the light generating system may include a multi-channel configuration comprising: (i) a first channel comprising one or more first pump light sources, (ii) a second channel comprising one or more second pump light sources, (iii) a third channel comprising one or more secondary solid-state light sources, and (iv) a fourth channel comprising one or more tertiary solid-state light sources.

[0143] For example, the light generating system may be part of or may be applied in an office lighting system, a home application system, a shop lighting system, a household lighting system, an accent lighting system, a spotlighting system, a theatre lighting system, a fibre optic application system, a projection system, a self-lighting display system, a pixelated display system, a segmented display system, a warning sign system, a medical lighting application system, an indicator sign system, a decorative lighting system, a portable system, a motor vehicle application, a (outdoor) road lighting system, a city lighting system, a greenhouse lighting system, horticultural lighting, digital projection or LCD backlighting. The light generating system (or luminaire) may be part of or may be applied in, for example, an optical communication system or a disinfection system.

[0144] In yet another aspect, the present invention also provides a lamp or a lamp fixture comprising a light generating system as defined herein. The lamp fixture may also include a housing, an optical element, a shutter, etc. ... The lamp or lamp fixture may also include a housing surrounding the light generating system. The lamp or lamp fixture may include a light window or a housing opening in the housing, through which the system light may escape from the housing. In yet another aspect, the present invention also provides a projection device comprising a light generating system as defined herein. In particular, a projection device or "projector" or "image projector" may be an optical device that projects an image (or moving image) onto a surface such as, for example, a projection screen. The projection device may include one or more light generating systems such as described herein. Therefore, in one aspect, the present invention also provides a light generating device selected from the group of lamps, lamps, projector devices, disinfection devices, photochemical reactors, and optical wireless communication devices, the light generating device including a light generating system as defined herein. The light generating device may include a housing or a carrier configured to accommodate or support one or more elements of the light generating system. For example, in an embodiment, a light generating device may include a housing or carrier configured to accommodate or support one or more of: (i) one or more primary solid-state light sources, (ii) one or more secondary solid-state light sources, and (iii) optionally one or more tertiary solid-state light sources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0145] Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings in which corresponding reference numerals indicate corresponding parts and in which:

[0146] Figures 1a-1b schematically depict some embodiments;

[0147] Figures 2a to 2c show some spectral power distributions, and

[0148] Figure 2d shows a CIE color diagram; and

[0149] Figure 3 Some applications are schematically depicted.

[0150] Schematic diagrams are not necessarily to scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0151] 1a - 1b schematically depict an embodiment of a light generating system 1000 , which may include one or more primary solid-state light sources 50 , one or more secondary solid-state light sources 60 , a first luminescent material device 1210 , a second luminescent material device 1220 , and an optional control system 300 .

[0152] The one or more primary solid-state light sources 50 may be configured to generate primary light 51 having a peak primary wavelength λp1 in the wavelength range of 430nm to 490nm. In addition, the one or more secondary solid-state light sources 60 may be configured to generate secondary light 61 having a primary secondary wavelength λd3 in the wavelength range of 610nm to 630nm. For spectral power distribution and wavelength indication, also refer to Figures 2a to 2d.

[0153] In particular, the first luminescent material device 1210 may be configured to be in a light receiving relationship with at least one primary solid-state light source 50, and may be configured to convert at least a portion of the primary light 51 of the at least one primary solid-state light source 50 into the first luminescent material device light 1211. When the at least one primary solid-state light source 50 illuminates the first luminescent material device 1210 alone, a first spectral power distribution including the primary light 51 (of the at least one primary solid-state light source 50) and the first luminescent material device light 1211 may be obtained.

[0154] In particular, the second luminescent material device 1220 may be configured to be in a light receiving relationship with the at least one (other) primary solid-state light source 50, and may be configured to convert at least a portion of the primary light 51 into the second luminescent material device light 1221. When the at least one (other) primary solid-state light source 50 illuminates the second luminescent material device 1220 alone, a second spectral power distribution including the primary light 51 (of the at least one primary solid-state light source 50) and the second luminescent material device light 1221 may be obtained.

[0155] In an embodiment, the first spectral power distribution and the second spectral power distribution may have v' values ​​that differ by at least 0.02. In addition, in an embodiment, the first spectral power distribution may have a first color point that is 10 color matching standard deviations SDCM away from the black body locus, and wherein the second spectral power distribution may have a second color point that is 10 color matching standard deviations SDCM away from the black body locus.

[0156] The light generating system 1000 may be configured to generate system light 1001 including one or more of a first luminescent material device light 1211 , a second luminescent material device light 1221 , and a secondary light 61 .

[0157] The control system 300 may be configured to control the system light 1001 so that: (a) in a first operable mode of the light generating system 1000, a first white system light 1001a having a first correlated color temperature CCT1 is provided (see also the left side of FIG. 2a ), wherein the first white system light 1001a may include a spectral power distribution including the primary light 51, the first luminescent material device light 1211, and the secondary light 61; and (b) in a second operable mode of the light generating system 1000, a second white system light 1001b having a second correlated color temperature CCT2 is provided (see also the right side of FIG. 2a ), wherein the second white system light 1001b may include a spectral power distribution including the primary light 51, the second luminescent material device light 1221, and the secondary light 61. Furthermore, in particular, CCT2-CCT1≥500K.

[0158] Referring to FIG. 2a which shows an example, a direct red LED is combined with an off-white (OW) LED to generate a color point (Duv = -0.006-0.000) close to (or slightly below) the BBL. In the case of a CCT tunable system, two different OW channels can be used, differing at least in the amount of conversion at two different color points. Two examples of (white) spectra are shown in FIG. 2a; the off-white spectra are dashed lines indicated by reference numerals 1001a (low CCT, left) and 1001b (high CCT, right). FIG. 2a shows spectra of 2700K (left) and 5000K (right) using a combination of a direct red LED and an OW LED to meet the P1F3 preference requirements. The OW spectra use the same blue pump and green phosphor (different thicknesses) in these examples; direct red LEDs of the same wavelength are used at two CCTs (different contributions).

[0159] In an embodiment, the first spectral power distribution may have a first color point that is 15 color matching standard deviations SDCM away from the black body locus (particularly above the BBL). In addition, in an embodiment, the second spectral power distribution may have a second color point that is 15 color matching standard deviations SDCM away from the black body locus (particularly above the BBL).

[0160] In particular, the white system light 1001 can have a controllable correlated color temperature within a correlated color temperature range of at least 1000K, wherein the correlated color temperature range includes a first correlated color temperature CCT1 and a second correlated color temperature CCT2, wherein within the entire correlated color temperature range, the system light 1001 can have a duv value relative to a blackbody locus, and the duv value can be selected from a range of 0-0.006.

[0161] In (other) specific embodiments, the first correlated color temperature CCT1 may be selected from the range of 1800 K to 4000 K, and the second correlated color temperature CCT2 may be selected from the range of 4000 K to 8000 K. In particular, in embodiments CCT2 - CCT1 ≥ 1000K.

[0162] Furthermore, in an embodiment, the peak primary wavelength λp1 may be selected from a wavelength range of 435 nm to 460 nm, and the main secondary wavelength λd3 may be selected from a wavelength range of 615 nm to 625 nm, in particular 616 nm to 622 nm.

[0163] In an embodiment, the one or more primary solid-state light sources 50 include one or more first pump light sources 10 and one or more second pump light sources 20. In particular, the one or more first pump light sources 10 may be configured to generate a first pump light 11 having a first pump peak wavelength λp11 in the wavelength range of 430nm to 490nm, and / or the one or more second pump light sources 20 may be configured to generate a second pump light 21 having a second pump peak wavelength λp12 in the wavelength range of 430nm to 490nm.

[0164] In particular, the first luminescent material device 1210 may be configured to be in a light receiving relationship with the one or more first pump light sources 10, and may be configured to convert at least a portion of the first pump light 11 of the one or more first pump light sources 10 into the first luminescent material device light 1211. In an embodiment, when the one or more first pump light sources 10 illuminate the first luminescent material device 1210 alone, a first spectral power distribution including the first pump light 11 (of the one or more first pump light sources 10) and the first luminescent material device light 1211 may be obtained.

[0165] Alternatively or additionally, in particular, the second luminescent material device 1220 may be configured to be in a light receiving relationship with the one or more second pump light sources 20, and may be configured to convert at least a portion of the second pump light 21 of the one or more second pump light sources 20 into the second luminescent material device light 1221. In an embodiment, when the one or more second pump light sources 20 illuminate the second luminescent material device 1220 alone, a second spectral power distribution including the second pump light 21 (of the one or more second pump light sources 20) and the second luminescent material device light 1221 may be obtained.

[0166] In a particular embodiment, the control system 300 may be configured to individually control the one or more first pump light sources 10 and the one or more second pump light sources 20 (as well as the one or more secondary solid-state light sources 60 ).

[0167] Furthermore, in particular, the first pump peak wavelength λp11 and the second pump peak wavelength λp21 may be identical. However, alternatively, the first pump peak wavelength λp11 and the second pump peak wavelength λp21 may differ by at least 5 nm.

[0168] In an embodiment, the first pump peak wavelength λp11 and the second pump peak wavelength λp12 may be selected from a wavelength range of 435 nm to 460 nm, and / or the primary-secondary wavelength λd3 may be selected from a wavelength range of 615 nm to 625 nm.

[0169] In particular, the first spectral power distribution may have a first color point with 0.333≤x≤0.387 and 0.437≤y≤0.473 and / or the second spectral power distribution may have a second color point as defined in claim 2 with 0.258≤x≤0.302 and 0.331≤y≤0.358.

[0170] In an embodiment, the first luminescent material arrangement 1210 may include a first luminescent material 210, wherein the second luminescent material arrangement 1220 may include a second luminescent material 220, wherein both the first luminescent material 210 and the second luminescent material 220 include type A3B50. 12 :Ce light-emitting material, wherein A may include one or more of Y, La, Gd, Tb and Lu, and wherein B may include one or more of Al, Ga, In and Sc.

[0171] In particular, the first luminescent material 210 can be configured to convert at least a portion of the primary light 51 of at least one primary solid-state light source 50 into a first luminescent material light 211, wherein the first luminescent material device light 1211 may include the first luminescent material light 211, wherein the first luminescent material light 211 may have a first centroid wavelength selected from a wavelength range of 520 nm to 570 nm.

[0172] Alternatively or additionally, the second luminescent material 220 can be configured to convert at least a portion of the primary light 51 of at least one (other) primary solid-state light source 50 into a second luminescent material light 221, wherein the second luminescent material device light 1221 may include the second luminescent material light 221, wherein the second luminescent material light 221 may have a second centroid wavelength selected from the wavelength range of 520nm to 570nm.

[0173] The first luminescent material 210 and the second luminescent material 220 may be different luminescent materials. In a specific embodiment, the first luminescent material light 211 may be red-shifted relative to the second luminescent material light 221. Thus, the second luminescent material light 221 may be blue-shifted relative to the first luminescent material light 211. The centroid wavelengths may be substantially the same, or may be different. In the latter embodiment, the first centroid wavelength and the second centroid wavelength may differ, for example, by at least 5 nm, and by a maximum of 70 nm.

[0174] Referring to FIG. 1 b , further, the first luminescent material device 1210 may include a third luminescent material 230, wherein the third luminescent material may be configured to convert at least a portion of the primary light 51 of the at least one primary solid-state light source 50 into a third luminescent material light 231, see also FIG. 2 b . In yet other specific embodiments, the third luminescent material light 231 may have a centroid wavelength λ3c selected from the range of 610 nm to 650 nm and a half-maximum full width of 60 nm or less. Suitable luminescent materials may be materials based on quantum structures, like quantum dots, quantum rods, etc. Other suitable materials may be materials of the K2SiF6 type doped with tetravalent manganese.

[0175] With reference to, for example, FIGS. 1a to 1b , embodiments may also be possible in which part of the primary light bypasses the first luminescent material means and the second luminescent material means. This may be the case when, for example, one or more additional primary solid-state light sources 50 are configured in such a way that their primary light does not substantially illuminate the first luminescent material means and the second luminescent material means and may therefore not be absorbed by the first luminescent material means and / or the second luminescent material means at all. For example, there is no luminescent material downstream of those one or more additional primary solid-state light sources 50, thereby allowing the primary light of such one or more additional primary solid-state light sources to bypass the first luminescent material means and the second luminescent material means.

[0176] Referring to FIG. 2 b , the amount of red light required to generate 2700K may be about 2.5 times higher than the amount of red light required to generate 5000K (due to the greater distance between the OW color point and the BBL at 2700K and 5000K). This may be less desirable for a tunable light generating device, since this may mean, for example, that it may be necessary to over-install multiple red LEDs (or that it may be much more difficult to drive them in the warm white region), resulting in lower efficiency. This can be improved by adding some red emitting phosphors to shift the OW color point. Considering efficiency, a red shift by using a normal (~80nm-100nm wide) (nitride) phosphor may be less desirable. Therefore, it may be preferable to use a narrow red emitter. A straightforward option is to replace a portion of the direct LED light with quantum dots (or another narrowband emitter) that emits light of the same wavelength (and comparable emission width) as the red LED. Surprisingly, it appears that the emission of narrowband emitters (such as quantum dots) can also be shifted toward shorter wavelengths. This appears to be beneficial for efficiency (just enough saturation for red, combined with reduced Stokes losses). This can be seen in Figure 2b, which shows an OW LED with quantum dot contribution (reference numeral 231) combined with a direct red LED. The amount of direct red LED light is equal to that in the 5000K spectrum on the right side of Figure 2a, and still meets the P1F3 color quality requirements.

[0177] With reference to Fig. 1a-1b, the present invention can be implemented using various types of LED packages. The highest efficiency can be achieved by combining a flip-chip MP architecture for OW with a HP architecture for red. Useful for high WPE of red LEDs are large chips and domes for outcoupling; this can in principle also be incorporated in the MP package. Other packages can also be used, such as MP with a lateral chip for OW.

[0178] Alternatively, the present invention can be implemented, for example, by combining OW and red primaries in one package with a minimum of 4 leads to enable separate driving. The blue chip for the OW channel and the red chip for the red channel can be covered by the same phosphor required for the OW channel, since the phosphor will only be excited by blue light and not by red light. The phosphor will act as a scatterer and therefore act as a coupling agent for the red light. The benefit over separate OW and red LEDs is better / easier color mixing. Another embodiment is a 3-channel COB with different phosphors for the 2 OW channels, or with a single phosphor layer over all chips at the expense of a certain efficiency.

[0179] It seems non-obvious that the P1F3 requirements are met, especially in the warm white region. Simulations of different OW spectra were performed using different blue pump wavelengths and a set of green / yellow phosphors. Among other things, the efficiency according to the CCT of P1F3 was evaluated. Different panels were used: different green / yellow phosphors for OW LEDs; different red LED wavelengths were used. With a PWL (peak wavelength) (blue) of 440nm, a DWL between 614nm and 622.4nm seems to give good results. With a PWL (blue) of 445nm, a DWL between 614nm and 622.4nm seems to give good results. Likewise, this applies to a PWL (blue) of 450nm and 455nm.

[0180] The tunable system will consist of two different off-white channels with different color points. However, it seems less desirable to use the same blue pump wavelength and / or phosphor for both channels, but it seems more desirable to use two optimal off-white LEDs for corner CCT targets (e.g. 2700K and 5000K), where each off-white LED will meet the color quality requirements with optimized efficiency. Blending these two off-white LEDs to reach an intermediate CCT will also meet the color quality constraints in an efficient manner. However, it is desirable to use the same red LED across the CCT range (otherwise 4 independent channels would be required).

[0181] To achieve the highest efficiency at 2700 K, a 455 nm blue LED combined with a yellow phosphor (u'=0.191) can be used in particular in combination with a red LED having a dominant wavelength of 616 nm to 619 nm. Using a 450 nm blue pump can result in lower efficiency, while for even shorter blue pump wavelengths, achieving the P1F3 requirement at low CCT becomes challenging.

[0182] Therefore, as can be derived from above, a direct red LED in combination with two off-white phosphor converted LEDs appears to be the most efficient way to produce white light with high user preference (e.g. P1F3). However, this combination of these LEDs may have some limitations in producing MDER enhanced white light (Melanopic daylight equivalent ratio).

[0183] The use of an additional individually addressable channel with a direct cyan LED allows to efficiently improve the MDER of the above system with minimal impact on white light efficacy, which will ultimately lead to the generation of MDER-enhanced white light with a high user preference rating (e.g. P1F3) in the most efficient manner. The following table shows several examples of performance values ​​of a white tunable system with a direct red LED, a direct cyan (where used) and two off-white phosphor-converted LEDs (PC-LEDs), one optimized for a warm color point (e.g. "2700K" target) and the other optimized for a cool color point (e.g. "5000K" target). Two examples of (white) spectra with optimized MDER are shown in FIG2c.

[0184] The following table provides scenarios and performance values ​​(MDER, luminous efficacy and difference) for combined white light sources @4000K on a BBL: direct red + 2x OW and direct red, direct blue + 2x OW:

[0185]

[0186] The following table provides scenarios and performance values ​​(MDER, luminous efficacy and difference) for combined white light sources @5000K on the BBL: direct red + 2x OW and direct red, direct blue + 2x OW:

[0187]

[0188] Therefore, referring to Figures 1a to 1b, in a specific embodiment, the light generating system 1000 may also include one or more tertiary solid-state light sources 30, which are configured to generate tertiary light source light 31 having a third main wavelength λ13, and the third main wavelength λ13 is in the wavelength range of 470nm to 520nm, such as at least about 475nm, like in the embodiment selected from the range of 465nm to 495nm, more preferably in the range of 475nm to 495nm, see also Figure 2c.

[0189] The use of an additional cyan channel also allows for a dynamic change in the MDER value of the proposed configuration by varying the ratio of the cyan chip emission in the spectrum between a maximum and zero (no additional cyan emission and resulting lower MDER value). FIG2c shows the spectral power distribution for 4000K (dashed lines) and 5000K (solid lines) using a combination of direct red and cyan LEDs with OW LEDs, optimized to give maximum MDER while meeting the P1F3 preference requirements. The OW spectrum in this case uses the same blue pump (453 nm dominant wavelength) and green phosphor (different thickness) as used in the examples of FIG2a-2b.

[0190] It seems non-obvious that the P1F3 requirement is met, in particular by maximizing the MDER value in the spectrum through the use of cyan LEDs. Simulations of a white tunable system using several different cyan LEDs (different DWLs) were performed, which also used different blue pump wavelengths for the off-white LEDs and two cases of pre-selected types of phosphors. In the simulations, cyan LEDs with the following dominant wavelengths were used: 478nm, 488nm and 495nm, as well as direct red and two off-white LEDs with "CCT" of "5000K" and "2700K".

[0191] It appears that the maximum MDER can be obtained for a cyan LED with a dominant wavelength of about 488 nm (which can be considered as the optimal wavelength position for cyan LEDs). It can also be seen that an off-white LED "5000K" with a slightly shorter pump wavelength of ~450 nm can give higher MDER values ​​compared to an off-white LED "5000K" with a pump wavelength of ~453 nm (which is the desired pump wavelength to meet the P1F3 requirements on the BBL if no cyan LED emission is present in the spectrum, i.e. only direct red 2x OW LEDs are used (see also above)). The reason for using a non-optimal (for highest MDER) peak wavelength of ~453 nm for the pump blue chip in the "5000K" off-white LED may arise from the need to vary the MDER value independently of the CCT of the white light ("dynamic MDER") by varying the intensity of the cyan LED chip between a maximum level and zero, while meeting the P1F3 color quality requirements in all cases.

[0192] Figure 2d shows examples of primary color points for an off-white LED (S10: "5000k", S9: "2700K"), a direct red LED (S8: 619nm dominant wavelength) and a range of cyan LEDs (minimum S5: 478nm, intermediate S7: 488nm and maximum S6: 495nm). The color points S9 and S10 can be outside the blackbody locus by 10SDCM in particular.

[0193] In general, the higher the relative contribution of the cyan LED in the total spectrum, the higher the MDER value that can be achieved, but too high a cyan intensity may degrade the color quality parameters of the white spectrum. Therefore, the cyan intensity should not exceed certain levels in order to meet the P1F3 color quality requirements. It appears that there is a tradeoff between maximizing MDER and meeting high color preference requirements. The choice of the dominant wavelength of the cyan LED will determine what maximum relative optical power from the cyan LED can be present in the total spectrum (e.g., as a ratio to the red LED optical power) while the color quality will meet the P1F3 requirements.

[0194] Figure 3 An embodiment of a luminaire 2 comprising a light generating system 1000 as described above is schematically depicted. Reference numeral 301 indicates a user interface which may be functionally coupled with a control system 300 comprised by the light generating system 1000 or functionally coupled to the light generating system 1000. Figure 3 Also schematically depicted is an embodiment of a lamp 1 comprising a light generating system 1000. Reference numeral 3 indicates a projector device or a projector system, which may be used, for example, to project an image at a wall, which may also comprise the light generating system 1000. Thus, Figure 3 Schematically depicted is an embodiment of a lighting device 1200, the lighting device 1200 being selected from the group of a lamp 1, a luminaire 2, a projector device 3, a disinfection device, a photochemical reactor, and an optical wireless communication device, the lighting device 1200 comprising a light generating system 1000 as described herein. In an embodiment, such a lighting device may be a lamp 1, a luminaire 2, a projector device 3, a disinfection device, or an optical wireless communication device. The lighting device light escaping from the lighting device 1200 is indicated with reference numeral 1201. The lighting device light 1201 may essentially consist of the system light 1001, and thus in a specific embodiment may be the system light 1001. Reference numeral 1300 refers to a space, such as a room. Reference numeral 1305 refers to a floor, and reference numeral 1310 refers to a ceiling; reference numeral 1307 refers to a wall.

[0195] The term "plurality" refers to two or more.

[0196] Those skilled in the art will understand the terms "substantially" or "essentially" and similar terms herein. The terms "substantially" or "essentially" may also include embodiments with "all", "completely", "all", etc. Therefore, in embodiments, the adjectives substantially or substantially may also be removed. Where applicable, the term "substantially" or the term "essentially" may also relate to 90% or higher, such as 95% or higher, in particular 99% or higher, even more in particular 99.5% or higher, including 100%.

[0197] The term "comprising" also includes embodiments wherein the term "comprising" means "consisting of.

[0198] The term "and / or" particularly relates to one or more of the items mentioned before and after "and / or". For example, the phrase "item 1 and / or item 2" and similar phrases may relate to one or more of item 1 and item 2. The term "comprising" may refer to "consisting of" in one embodiment, but may also refer to "including at least the specified species and optionally one or more other species" in another embodiment.

[0199] In addition, the terms first, second, third, etc. in the specification and claims are used to distinguish similar elements and not necessarily to describe a sequential or chronological order. It should be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, and that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in other sequences than those described or illustrated herein.

[0200] Among other things, an apparatus, device or system may be described herein during operation. It will be clear to one skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to methods of operation, or apparatus, devices or systems in operation.

[0201] It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design many alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

[0202] In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim.

[0203] The use of the verb "comprise" and its conjugations does not exclude the presence of elements or steps other than those stated in a claim. Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the words "comprises," "comprising," etc. should be interpreted in an inclusive sense, rather than an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is, in the sense of "including but not limited to."

[0204] The article "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements.

[0205] The invention can be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In an apparatus claim, or a device claim or a system claim, several means are enumerated, several of which may be embodied by the same item of hardware. The simple fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage. In a further aspect, the invention (therefore) provides a software product which, when run on a computer, is capable of implementing (one or more embodiments of) the method as described herein.

[0206] The present invention also provides a control system that can control a device, apparatus or system, or can perform a method or process described herein. Still further, the present invention also provides a computer program product that, when functionally coupled to a device, apparatus or system or run on a computer included in the device, apparatus or system, controls one or more controllable elements of such a device, apparatus or system.

[0207] The present invention also applies to a device, an apparatus or a system comprising one or more of the characterizing features described in the specification and / or shown in the drawings. The present invention also relates to a method or a process comprising one or more of the characterizing features described in the specification and / or shown in the drawings.

[0208] The various aspects discussed in this patent can be combined to provide additional advantages. In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments can be combined, and more than two embodiments can also be combined. In addition, some of the features can form the basis of one or more divisional applications.

Claims

1. A light generating system (1000) comprising one or more primary solid state light sources (50), one or more secondary solid state light sources (60), a first luminescent material device (1210), a second luminescent material device (1220), and a control system (300), wherein: - the one or more primary solid-state light sources (50) are configured to generate primary light (51) having a peak primary wavelength (λp1) in the wavelength range of 430 nm to 490 nm; - the one or more secondary solid-state light sources (60) are configured to generate secondary light (61) having a primary secondary wavelength (λd3) in the wavelength range of 610 nm to 630 nm; - the first luminescent material device (1210) is configured to be in a light receiving relationship with at least one primary solid-state light source (50), and is configured to convert at least a portion of the primary light (51) of the at least one primary solid-state light source (50) into a first luminescent material device light (1211); wherein when the at least one primary solid-state light source (50) alone illuminates the first luminescent material device (1210), a first spectral power distribution including the primary light (51) and the first luminescent material device light (1211) is obtained; - the second luminescent material device (1220) is configured to be in a light receiving relationship with at least one primary solid-state light source (50), and is configured to convert at least a portion of the primary light (51) into second luminescent material device light (1221); wherein when the at least one primary solid-state light source (50) alone illuminates the second luminescent material device (1220), a second spectral power distribution including the primary light (51) and the second luminescent material device light (1221) is obtained; - the first spectral power distribution and the second spectral power distribution have v' values ​​that differ by at least 0.02; wherein the first spectral power distribution has a first color point that is outside 10 color matching standard deviations (SDCM) from a black body locus, and wherein the second spectral power distribution has a second color point that is outside 10 color matching standard deviations (SDCM) from the black body locus; - the light generating system (1000) is configured to generate system light (1001); and - the control system (300) is configured to control the system light (1001) such that: - in a first operable mode of the light generating system (1000), providing a first white system light (1001a) having a first correlated color temperature CCT1, wherein the first white system light (1001a) comprises a spectral power distribution including the primary light (51), the first luminescent material device light (1211) and the secondary light (61); - in a second operable mode of the light generating system (1000), providing a second white system light (1001b) having a second correlated color temperature CCT2, wherein the second white system light (1001b) comprises a spectral power distribution including the primary light (51), the second luminescent material device light (1221) and the secondary light (61); and -CCT2-CCT1≥500K.

2. The light generating system (1000) of claim 1, wherein the first spectral power distribution has a first color point that is outside of 15 color matching standard deviations (SDCM) from the black body locus, and wherein the second spectral power distribution has a second color point that is outside of 15 color matching standard deviations (SDCM) from the black body locus.

3. The light generating system (1000) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the white system light (1001) has a controllable correlated color temperature within a correlated color temperature range of at least 1000K, wherein the correlated color temperature range includes the first correlated color temperature CCT1 and the second correlated color temperature CCT2, wherein throughout the correlated color temperature range, the system light (1001) has a duv value of + / - 0.01 relative to the blackbody locus.

4. The light generating system (1000) according to claim 3, wherein the first correlated color temperature CCT1 is selected from the range of 1800K to 4000K, and wherein the second correlated color temperature CCT2 is selected from the range of 4000K to 8000K; wherein CCT2-CCT1≥1000K; wherein the peak primary wavelength (λp1) is selected from the wavelength range of 435nm to 460nm, and wherein the primary secondary wavelength (λd3) is selected from the wavelength range of 615nm to 625nm.

5. The light generating system (1000) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the one or more primary solid-state light sources (50) include one or more first pump light sources (10) and one or more second pump light sources (20); wherein: - the one or more first pump light sources (10) are configured to generate a first pump light (11) having a first pump peak wavelength (λp11) in the wavelength range of 430 nm to 490 nm; - the one or more second pump light sources (20) are configured to generate a second pump light (21) having a second pump peak wavelength (λ12) in the wavelength range of 430 nm to 490 nm; - the first luminescent material device (1210) is configured to be in a light receiving relationship with the one or more first pump light sources (10), and is configured to convert at least a portion of the first pump light (11) of the one or more first pump light sources (10) into a first luminescent material device light (1211); wherein when the one or more first pump light sources (10) illuminate the first luminescent material device (1210) alone, the first spectral power distribution including the first pump light (11) and the first luminescent material device light (1211) is obtained; and -The second luminescent material device (1220) is configured to be in a light receiving relationship with the one or more second pump light sources (20), and is configured to convert at least a portion of the second pump light (21) of the one or more second pump light sources (20) into a second luminescent material device light (1221); wherein when the one or more second pump light sources (20) illuminate the second luminescent material device (1220) alone, the second spectral power distribution including the second pump light (21) and the second luminescent material device light (1221) is obtained.

6. The light generating system (1000) according to claim 5, wherein the control system (300) is configured to individually control the one or more first pump light sources (10) and the one or more second pump light sources (20).

7. The light generating system (1000) according to any of the preceding claims 5 to 6, wherein the first pump peak wavelength (λp11) and the second pump peak wavelength (λp21) are the same.

8. The light generating system (1000) according to any of the preceding claims 5 to 6, wherein the first pump peak wavelength (λp11) and the second pump peak wavelength (λp21) differ by at least 5 nm.

9. The light generating system (1000) according to any of the preceding claims 5 to 8, wherein the first pump peak wavelength (λp11) and the second pump peak wavelength (λ12) are selected from the wavelength range of 435nm to 460nm, and wherein the primary secondary wavelength (λd3) is selected from the wavelength range of 615nm to 625nm.

10. A light generating system (1000) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first spectral power distribution has a first color point with 0.333≤x≤0.387 and 0.437≤y≤0.473, and wherein the second spectral power distribution has a second color point as defined in claim 2 with 0.258≤x≤0.302 and 0.331≤y≤0.

358.

11. The light generating system (1000) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein: - the first luminescent material arrangement (1210) comprises a first luminescent material (210), wherein the second luminescent material arrangement (1220) comprises a second luminescent material (220), wherein both the first luminescent material (210) and the second luminescent material (220) comprise a type A3B50 12 :Ce luminescent material, wherein A comprises one or more of Y, La, Gd, Tb and Lu, and wherein B comprises one or more of Al, Ga, In and Sc; - the first luminescent material (210) is configured to convert at least a portion of the primary light (51) of the at least one primary solid-state light source (50) into a first luminescent material light (211), wherein the first luminescent material device light (1211) comprises the first luminescent material light (211), wherein the first luminescent material light (211) has a first centroid wavelength selected from the wavelength range of 520 nm to 570 nm; -The second luminescent material (220) is configured to convert at least a portion of the primary light (51) of the at least one primary solid-state light source (50) into a second luminescent material light (221), wherein the second luminescent material device light (1221) includes the second luminescent material light (221), wherein the second luminescent material light (221) has a second centroid wavelength selected from the wavelength range of 520nm to 570nm.

12. The light generating system (1000) of claim 11, wherein the first luminescent material (210) and the second luminescent material (220) are different luminescent materials, wherein the first luminescent material light (211) is red-shifted relative to the second luminescent material light (221).

13. A light generating system (1000) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first luminescent material device (1210) includes a third luminescent material (230), wherein the third luminescent material is configured to convert at least a portion of the primary light (51) of the at least one primary solid-state light source (50) into third luminescent material light (231); wherein the third luminescent material light (231) has a centroid wavelength (λ3c) selected from the range of 610nm to 650nm and a half-width at half maximum of 60nm or less.

14. The light generating system (1000) according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising one or more tertiary solid-state light sources (30), wherein the one or more tertiary solid-state light sources (30) are configured to generate tertiary light source light (31) having a third main wavelength (λ13) in the wavelength range of 465 nm to 495 nm.

15. A lighting device (1200) selected from the group of a lamp (1), a lamp fixture (2), a projector device (3), a disinfection device, a photochemical reactor and an optical wireless communication device, the lighting device (1200) comprising a light generating system (1000) according to any one of the preceding claims.

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