Wetland bird community structure and diversity observation device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a wetland bird community structure and diversity observation device and method, and the device comprises an installation support column which is used for being installed in a wetland area; the bird luring mechanism is arranged on the mounting supporting column; and the acquisition mechanism is arranged on the bird inducing mechanism, is in wireless connection with an external monitoring terminal, and is used for acquiring bird image data and bird sound data on the wetland area and the bird inducing mechanism, and sending the bird image data and the bird sound data to the external monitoring terminal for processing and analysis. Bird image data and bird sound data in the wetland area can be acquired through the acquisition mechanism, meanwhile, birds in the wetland area can be lured through the bird luring mechanism, the quality of the bird image data and the bird sound data acquired by the acquisition mechanism is improved, and the difficulty of subsequent data analysis is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wetland bird observation, and in particular to a device and method for observing the structure and diversity of wetland bird colonies. Background Art

[0002] Wetland birds are an important component of the natural ecosystem and the most active component of the biological community. They play an important role in maintaining the functional integrity of the ecosystem and biodiversity. Therefore, observing wetland birds can help us understand the structure and diversity of bird communities and help maintain the ecological environment.

[0003] At present, when observing wetland birds, equipment for collecting bird image data is usually installed in the wetland bird, and data such as bird community structure and diversity are obtained by analyzing and processing the bird image data collected by the equipment. However, this method has the following defects:

[0004] Since wetland birds usually have a wide range of activities, it is difficult to ensure that the equipment can accurately collect clear images of birds. The bird image data collected by the equipment is generally blurred, deformed, or lacks important details, which increases the difficulty of subsequent data analysis. To this end, we propose a device and method for observing the structure and diversity of wetland bird communities. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for observing the structure and diversity of wetland bird colonies to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A device for observing the structure and diversity of wetland bird colonies, comprising:

[0008] Mounting posts for installation in wetland areas;

[0009] A bird attracting mechanism is provided on the mounting support;

[0010] The collecting mechanism is arranged on the bird attracting mechanism and is wirelessly connected to the external monitoring terminal, and is used to collect bird image data and bird sound data in the wetland area and the bird attracting mechanism, and send the bird image data and bird sound data to the external monitoring terminal for processing and analysis; wherein the bird attracting mechanism includes:

[0011] The housing is connected to the mounting support and the collection mechanism;

[0012] Two sets of bird perches are symmetrically and movably arranged on both sides of the inner cavity of the shell for birds to perch;

[0013] A driving unit is disposed in the housing and is used to drive the two groups of bird perches to move horizontally in opposite directions;

[0014] The bird bait supplying part is arranged in the shell and is used for supplying the bait for attracting birds onto the bird perching frame when the bird perching frame enters the shell.

[0015] A further improvement is that the collection mechanism comprises:

[0016] A mounting frame is arranged on the housing, and image acquisition devices for acquiring bird image data are arranged on both sides of the mounting frame through a pan-tilt platform;

[0017] Recording equipment, mounted on a mounting frame, for collecting bird sound data;

[0018] The photovoltaic device and the electrical device are both arranged on the side wall of the housing, the electrical device is connected to the driving part, the image acquisition device, the recording device, the pan / tilt, the photovoltaic device and the external monitoring terminal, and the electrical device includes a wireless communicator, a controller and a battery;

[0019] The protective top seat is arranged on the outer shell and located above the image acquisition device.

[0020] A further improvement is that the driving unit comprises:

[0021] Two sets of bidirectional lead screws are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the inner cavity of the housing, and the two ends of the two sets of bidirectional lead screws are respectively threaded through the sliding seats in the two sets of bird perches;

[0022] The inner shell is fixed in the outer shell and movably sleeved on the middle of the outer walls of the two sets of bidirectional lead screws;

[0023] The rotating device is arranged in the inner shell, and the output end of the rotating device is transmission-connected with two sets of bidirectional lead screws located on the outer wall of the inner shell, so as to drive the two sets of bidirectional lead screws to rotate synchronously in the same direction.

[0024] A further improvement is that the driving unit comprises:

[0025] Two sets of bidirectional lead screws are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the inner cavity of the housing, and the two ends of the two sets of bidirectional lead screws are respectively threaded through the sliding seats in the two sets of bird perches;

[0026] The inner shell is fixed in the outer shell and movably sleeved on the middle of the outer walls of the two sets of bidirectional lead screws;

[0027] The rotating device is arranged in the inner shell, and the output end of the rotating device is transmission-connected with two sets of bidirectional lead screws located on the outer wall of the inner shell, so as to drive the two sets of bidirectional lead screws to rotate synchronously in the same direction.

[0028] A further improvement is that the telescopic perch comprises:

[0029] A sleeve, one end of which is connected to the outside of the sliding seat, and the other end of which is movably inserted with a movable rod, one end of which is located inside the sleeve and is provided with a piston adapted to the inner diameter of the sleeve, and the piston is connected to the inner wall of one side of the sleeve through an elastic member;

[0030] An airbag component is arranged outside the sliding seat and below the sleeve. The airbag component is connected to the inner cavity of the sleeve through a pipeline. When the airbag component moves outward with the sliding seat and squeezes the inner wall of the shell, the gas in the airbag component enters the sleeve through the pipeline to drive the piston to drive the movable rod to move outward to a preset position.

[0031] The resetting elastic structure is connected to the airbag component and the sliding seat, and is used to drive the airbag component to reset and draw back the gas in the sleeve when the airbag component is separated from the inner wall of the shell so as to reset the movable rod;

[0032] A cleaning ring 1 is provided at one end of the sleeve facing the movable rod and at one end of the fixed section of the follow-up telescopic rod. The cleaning ring 1 is used to clean the outer wall of the movable rod or the movable section of the follow-up telescopic rod. Mounting plates are provided at the outer ends on both sides of the inner cavity of the shell. The mounting plates are movably sleeved on the outsides of the two sets of bidirectional screws, and a movable opening for the follow-up telescopic rod and the sleeve to pass through is opened on the mounting plate, and a cleaning ring 2 is provided on the inner wall of the movable opening. The cleaning ring 2 is used to clean the outer wall of the fixed section of the sleeve or the follow-up telescopic rod, and the inner diameter of the cleaning ring 2 is larger than the outer diameter of the cleaning ring 1, the outer diameter of the sleeve and the outer diameter of the fixed section of the follow-up telescopic rod.

[0033] A further improvement is that the bird bait feeding part comprises:

[0034] A material storage shell is arranged in the inner cavity of the outer shell, and both sides of the material storage shell are provided with discharge ends;

[0035] The quantitative discharging part is arranged at the end of the discharging end away from the storage shell, and is used for supplying an equal amount of bait into the bait placing seat.

[0036] A further improvement is that the quantitative discharging unit comprises:

[0037] The guide seat is arranged in the outer shell, and the upper and lower ends of the guide seat are respectively provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, the feed inlet of the guide seat is connected with the discharge end, and the discharge outlet is used to correspond to the bait placement seat;

[0038] A rotating column is rotatably arranged in the guide seat, and a material trough for communicating with a feed port or a discharge port is provided on its circumferential outer wall. One end of the shaft of the rotating column passes through one side of the guide seat and is connected to a follower gear through a gear transmission. The follower gear is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the guide seat;

[0039] The rack is horizontally arranged on the bait placement seat, and is used to drive the rotating column to rotate a preset angle through the follower gear and the gear when the bait placement seat enters the preset position of the shell, so that the material trough corresponding to the feed port rotates with the rotating column to correspond to the discharge port.

[0040] A further improvement is that a rotating column is rotatably provided at the top of the inner shell, the rotating column and the output end of the rotating device are connected through a gear set, a magnetic block is embedded in the circumferential outer wall of the rotating column, a magnetic roller is slidably abutted on the circumferential outer wall of the rotating column, and the magnetic roller is rotatably provided at one end of a movable rod, the movable rod is vertically movably inserted on a supporting frame, the supporting frame is fixed on the top of the inner shell, the other end of the movable rod is located below the material storage shell and is connected to a movable plate, the upper end of the movable plate is provided with several groups of contact columns for contacting the bottom of the material storage shell, the outer wall of the movable rod is provided with an elastic structure for driving the movable rod to reset upward when the magnetic block and the magnetic roller are staggered, and when the movable rod resets upward, it contacts the material storage shell through the contact column to cause the material storage shell to vibrate.

[0041] A further improvement is that a detection sensor electrically connected to the electrical device is provided on the top of the mounting plate. When the detection sensor contacts the sliding seat, the electrical device controls the sound generator to work and controls the pan-tilt head so that the image acquisition device is directed toward the bird perch. The sound generator is provided on the outer wall of the storage shell to emit a sound to attract birds.

[0042] A method for observing the structure and diversity of wetland bird colonies, using the above-mentioned observation device, comprises the following steps:

[0043] S1: installing the observation device at a designated location in the wetland area by means of a mounting support, and collecting bird image data and bird sound data in the wetland area by means of a collection mechanism;

[0044] S2: The bird bait feeding unit feeds bait for attracting birds to the bird perches, and the driving unit drives the two sets of bird perches to extend out of the housing to attract birds to perch on the bird perches and eat the bait, while the collecting mechanism collects bird image data and bird sound data on the bird attracting mechanism;

[0045] S3: The collected bird image data and bird sound data are sent to the external monitoring terminal for processing and analysis through the collection agency to obtain the wetland bird community structure and diversity data.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0047] 1) The present invention can collect bird image data and bird sound data in the wetland area through the collection mechanism, and can lure birds in the wetland area through the bird luring mechanism, thereby improving the quality of the bird image data and bird sound data collected by the collection mechanism and reducing the difficulty of subsequent data analysis;

[0048] 2) The bird luring mechanism of the present invention can provide birds with perches through the bird perch, and can automatically supply an equal amount of bait into the bait placement seat in the bird perch when the bird perch enters the shell through the bird bait feeding part, which is convenient to use and reduces the waste of bait. In addition, the bird perch can be driven in and out of the shell by the driving part, and the perching birds can be driven away when the bird perch enters the shell, which can effectively protect the bird perch and facilitate the next observation work;

[0049] 3) The present invention also makes the storage shell vibrate when the driving part is working, so that the bait in the storage shell can better enter the quantitative discharging part through the discharging end, and prevent the bait from piling up or agglomerating in the storage shell, thereby ensuring that the bait in the storage shell can be discharged more smoothly, improving the discharge efficiency of the bait, and ensuring the accuracy of each discharge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the observation device of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Side view of the structure;

[0052] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 AA structure section view in;

[0053] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified view of the structure A;

[0054] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the housing of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the local structure in;

[0056] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the rotating column structure of the present invention.

[0057] In the figure: 1. mounting pillar; 2. outer shell; 3. mounting frame; 4. pan / tilt; 5. image acquisition equipment; 6. recording equipment; 7. protective top seat; 8. photovoltaic equipment; 9. electrical equipment; 10. bidirectional screw; 11. inner shell; 12. rotating equipment; 13. sliding seat; 14. sealing plate; 15. sleeve; 16. movable rod; 17. elastic member; 18. airbag member; 19. follow-up telescopic rod; 20. bait placement seat; 21. storage shell; 22. guide seat; 23. rotating column; 24. trough; 25. follow-up gear; 26. rack; 27. reset elastic structure; 28. cleaning ring one; 29. ​​mounting plate; 30. cleaning ring two; 31. detection sensor; 32. sounder; 33. support frame; 34. rotating column; 35. gear set; 36. magnetic block; 37. magnetic roller; 38. movable plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 , a wetland bird community structure and diversity observation device, comprising:

[0060] Mounting support 1, for installation in wetland areas;

[0061] A bird attracting mechanism is arranged on the mounting support 1;

[0062] A collection mechanism is arranged on the bird attracting mechanism and is wirelessly connected to an external monitoring terminal, and is used to collect bird image data and bird sound data in the wetland area and the bird attracting mechanism, and send the bird image data and bird sound data to the external monitoring terminal for processing and analysis;

[0063] The external monitoring terminal has an analysis module, etc., which can obtain the wetland bird community structure and diversity data by analyzing and processing the collected bird image data and bird sound data. For example, the analysis module determines the bird species by comparing the bird image data and bird sound data with the corresponding information of known species in the database, and statistically identifies the number of different birds to obtain the species composition and quantity distribution of birds in the wetland, etc., and can evaluate the diversity level of birds in the wetland by using biodiversity indices (such as the Shannon-Wiener index, the Simpson index, etc.);

[0064] Among them, bird attracting institutions include:

[0065] The housing 2 is connected to the mounting support 1 and the collection mechanism;

[0066] Two sets of bird perches are symmetrically and movably arranged on both sides of the inner cavity of the shell 2 for birds to perch;

[0067] A driving unit is disposed in the housing 2 and is used to drive the two groups of bird perches to move horizontally in opposite directions, for example, the two groups of bird perches move closer to each other and enter the housing 2 or move away from each other and extend out of the housing 2;

[0068] A bird bait feeding part is arranged in the housing 2 and is used to feed bait for attracting birds onto the bird perch when the bird perch enters the housing 2;

[0069] By extending the housing 2 away from each other, the bait on the bird perches can attract birds to perch on the bird perches, and the bird image data and bird sound data on the bird attracting mechanism can be collected by the collecting mechanism. At this time, the collected bird image data and bird sound data are clearer and more accurate, which greatly improves the accuracy and reliability of data collection and improves the quality of subsequent data analysis and processing.

[0070] Preferably, the collection mechanism of this embodiment includes:

[0071] A mounting frame 3 is provided on the housing 2. Image acquisition devices 5 for acquiring bird image data are provided on both sides of the mounting frame 3 through a pan / tilt 4. The pan / tilt 4 is a conventional device in the art and can be used to adjust the angle of the image acquisition device 5. The image acquisition device 5 is, for example, a camera, etc.;

[0072] A recording device 6, disposed on the mounting frame 3, for collecting bird sound data, for example, the recording device 6 is a SongMeter SM4 bird sound recorder, but is certainly not limited to this one;

[0073] The photovoltaic device 8 and the electrical device 9 are both arranged on the side wall of the outer shell 2. The electrical device 9 is connected to the driving part, the image acquisition device 5, the recording device 6, the pan-tilt head 4, the photovoltaic device 8 and the external monitoring terminal. The electrical device 9 includes a wireless communicator, a controller and a battery.

[0074] The photovoltaic device 8 is a photovoltaic panel, which provides power to the electrical appliances of the device through the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery, so that the device can be used stably in the wetland area;

[0075] The wireless communicator enables remote communication between the electrical appliances of the device and the external monitoring terminal, making it convenient for the external monitoring terminal to remotely control the opening and closing of the electrical appliances of the device, and the wireless communicator can also send the collected bird image data and bird sound data to the external monitoring terminal;

[0076] The protective top seat 7 is provided on the housing 2 and is located above the image acquisition device 5 , and plays a role in protecting the image acquisition device 5 and other electrical appliances.

[0077] See also Figure 4-Figure 5

[0078] Preferably, the bird perch of this embodiment comprises:

[0079] The sliding seat 13 is transmission-connected to the driving part;

[0080] A telescopic perching rod, one end of which is connected to the outer side of the sliding seat 13, and the other end of which is connected to the sealing plate 14. The telescopic perching rod is used for birds to perch. The sealing plate 14 is movably arranged in the through opening opened in the side wall of the housing 2. The sealing plate 14 is used to close the through opening to prevent birds from entering the housing 2;

[0081] A plurality of groups of follow-up telescopic rods 19 are arranged between the sliding seat 13 and the sealing plate 14. The follow-up telescopic rods 19 include a fixed section and a movable section movably inserted at one end of the fixed section.

[0082] The bait placing seat 20 is arranged inside the sealing plate 14 and above the telescopic perch rod, and is used for receiving the bait supplied by the bird bait supplying part.

[0083] See also Figure 6-Figure 7

[0084] Preferably, the driving unit of this embodiment includes:

[0085] Two sets of bidirectional lead screws 10 are symmetrically rotated at the two ends of the inner cavity of the housing 2 through bearings. The two ends of the two sets of bidirectional lead screws 10 are respectively threaded through the sliding seats 13 in the two sets of bird perches. When the two sets of bidirectional lead screws 10 rotate synchronously, the two sets of sliding seats 13 can be driven to move closer to or away from each other.

[0086] The inner shell 11 is fixed in the outer shell 2 and movably sleeved on the middle of the outer wall of the two sets of bidirectional screws 10. Figure 3 As shown, when the sliding seat 13 contacts the side wall of the inner shell 11, the sealing plate 14 is located in the through opening;

[0087] The rotating device 12 is arranged in the inner shell 11, and the output end of the rotating device 12 and the two groups of bidirectional lead screws 10 are located on the outer wall of the inner shell 11 for transmission connection, and are used to drive the two groups of bidirectional lead screws 10 to rotate synchronously in the same direction. The rotating device 12 is a servo motor and a reducer. The rotating device 12 and the two groups of bidirectional lead screws 10 can be connected through a sprocket transmission group (including a sprocket and a chain). The two groups of bidirectional lead screws 10 are driven by the rotating device 12 to drive the two groups of sliding seats 13. The two groups of sliding seats 13 can drive the telescopic perch rod, the follow-up telescopic rod 19 and the sealing plate 14 to extend out of the outer shell 2 or enter the outer shell 2.

[0088] Preferably, the telescopic perch rod of this embodiment includes:

[0089] The sleeve 15 has one end connected to the outside of the sliding seat 13 and the other end movably inserted with a movable rod 16. The movable rod 16 is provided with a piston adapted to the inner diameter of the sleeve 15 at one end located in the sleeve 15, and the piston is connected to the inner wall of one side of the sleeve 15 through an elastic member 17, and the elastic member 17 is a spring;

[0090] The airbag component 18 is arranged outside the sliding seat 13 and below the sleeve 15. The airbag component 18 includes, for example, two sets of mounting plates 29 and a rubber airbag arranged between the two sets of mounting plates 29. One of the mounting plates 29 is connected to the outside of the sliding seat 13. The airbag component 18 is connected to the inner cavity of the sleeve 15 through a pipeline. When the airbag component 18 moves outward with the sliding seat 13 and squeezes the inner wall of the housing 2, the gas in the airbag component 18 enters the sleeve 15 through the pipeline to drive the piston to drive the movable rod 16 to move outward to a preset position. When the telescopic perch rod is extended, the follower telescopic rod 19 is extended accordingly.

[0091] The resetting elastic structure 27 connects the airbag member 18 and the sliding seat 13, and is used to drive the airbag member 18 to reset and draw back the gas in the sleeve 15 when the airbag member 18 is separated from the inner wall of the housing 2, so that the movable rod 16 is reset. The resetting elastic structure 27 can be an elastic telescopic rod. When the bird perch moves into the housing 2, the resetting elastic structure 27 resets the airbag member 18 and draws back the gas, so that the movable rod 16 is reset under the action of the elastic member 17;

[0092] A cleaning ring 28 is provided at one end of the sleeve 15 facing the movable rod 16 and at one end of the fixed section of the follower telescopic rod 19. The cleaning ring 28 is used to clean the outer wall of the movable rod 16 or the movable section of the follower telescopic rod 19. The cleaning ring 28 is a sponge cleaning ring. When the movable rod 16 and the movable section of the follower telescopic rod 19 move, the cleaning ring 28 is rubbed to remove impurities, particles and bird droppings remaining on the outer wall of the movable section of the movable rod 16 and the movable section of the follower telescopic rod 19, so as to prevent the movable rod 16 and the sleeve 15, the movable section of the follower telescopic rod 19 and the fixed section of the follower telescopic rod 19 from being stuck. The outer ends of both sides of the inner cavity of the shell 2 are provided with mounting plates 29, and the mounting plates 29 are movably sleeved on the two The outer side of the bidirectional lead screw 10 is formed on the mounting plate 29, and a movable opening is provided for the follow-up telescopic rod 19 and the sleeve 15 to pass through, and a cleaning ring 2 30 is provided on the inner wall of the movable opening. The cleaning ring 2 30 is a sponge cleaning ring. The cleaning ring 2 30 is used to clean the outer wall of the fixed section of the sleeve 15 or the follow-up telescopic rod 19. When the fixed section of the follow-up telescopic rod 19 and the sleeve 15 move with the sliding seat 13, they are cleaned by the cleaning ring 2 30. The inner diameter of the cleaning ring 2 30 is larger than the outer diameter of the cleaning ring 1 28, the outer diameter of the sleeve 15 and the outer diameter of the fixed section of the follow-up telescopic rod 19. The outer diameters of the fixed sections of the sleeve 15 and the follow-up telescopic rod 19 are the same, and the outer diameters of the movable sections of the movable rod 16 and the follow-up telescopic rod 19 are the same.

[0093] Preferably, the bird bait feeding part of this embodiment includes:

[0094] A storage shell 21 is provided in the inner cavity of the outer shell 2. Both sides of the storage shell 21 are provided with discharge ends. Bird bait is stored inside the storage shell 21. One side of the outer shell 2 is provided with a shell cover. By opening the shell cover, bird bait can be added to the storage shell 21.

[0095] The quantitative discharging part is arranged at the end of the discharging end away from the storage shell 21, and is used to supply equal amounts of bait into the bait placement seat 20. The equal amounts of bait are automatically supplied through the quantitative discharging part, which is convenient to use and reduces the waste of bait.

[0096] Preferably, the quantitative discharging unit of this embodiment includes:

[0097] The guide seat 22 is arranged in the housing 2 through a bracket, and has a circular vertical cross section. The upper and lower ends of the guide seat 22 are respectively provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet. The feed inlet of the guide seat 22 is connected to the discharge end, and the discharge outlet is used to correspond to the bait placement seat 20.

[0098] The rotating column 23 is rotatably arranged in the guide seat 22, and a material trough 24 for communicating with the feed port or the discharge port is provided on the outer wall of the circumference of the rotating column 23. One end of the shaft of the rotating column 23 passes through one side of the guide seat 22 and is connected to a follower gear 25 through a gear transmission. The follower gear 25 is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the guide seat 22 through a bearing. The number of teeth of the follower gear 25 is greater than the number of teeth of the gear, so as to change the rotation angle of the gear.

[0099] The rack 26 is horizontally arranged on the bait placement seat 20, and is used to drive the rotating column 23 to rotate a preset angle through the follower gear 25 and the gear when the bait placement seat 20 enters the preset position of the outer shell 2, so that the material trough 24 corresponding to the feed port rotates with the rotating column 23 to correspond to the feed port. When the bait placement seat 20 moves out of the outer shell 2, it drives the follower gear 25 and the gear to drive the rotating column 23 to reverse and reset through the rack 26, so that the material trough 24 corresponding to the feed port rotates with the rotating column 23 to correspond to the feed port to receive the bait.

[0100] Preferably, a rotating column 34 is rotatably provided at the top of the inner shell 11 of the present embodiment. The rotating column 34 and the output end of the rotating device 12 are connected through a gear set 35. The gear set 35 is two sets of meshing gears. A magnetic block 36 is embedded in the circumferential outer wall of the rotating column 34. A magnetic roller 37 is slidably abutted on the circumferential outer wall of the rotating column 34. The magnetic poles of the magnetic block 36 and the magnetic roller 37 are opposite. When the magnetic block 36 and the magnetic roller 37 are in direct correspondence, the magnetic block 36 absorbs the magnetic roller 37. The magnetic roller 37 is rotatably provided at one end of the movable rod 16. The movable rod 16 is vertically movably inserted on the carrier frame 33. The carrier frame 33 The movable rod 16 is fixed on the top of the inner shell 11, and the other end of the movable rod 16 is located below the material storage shell 21 and is connected to a movable plate 38. The upper end of the movable plate 38 is provided with a plurality of contact columns for contacting the bottom of the material storage shell 21. The outer wall of the movable rod 16 is provided with an elastic structure for driving the movable rod 16 to reset upward when the magnetic block 36 and the magnetic roller 37 are staggered. The elastic structure is a spring, one end of the elastic structure is connected to the carrier frame 33, and the other end is connected to the outer wall of the movable rod 16. When the movable rod 16 is reset upward, it hits the material storage shell 21 through the contact column to make the material storage shell 21 vibrate, so that the bait in the material storage shell 21 can be better discharged to the discharging end;

[0101] When the rotating device 12 is working, the rotating column 34 is driven to rotate through the gear set 35. When the magnetic block 36 is exactly corresponding to the magnetic roller 37, the magnetic block 36 absorbs the magnetic roller 37 so that the movable rod 16 drives the movable plate 38 downward, so that the contact column is separated from the storage shell 21; when the magnetic block 36 is staggered with the magnetic roller 37, the movable rod 16 is reset upward under the action of the elastic structure, and contacts the storage shell 21 through the contact column, causing the storage shell 21 to vibrate.

[0102] Preferably, a detection sensor 31 electrically connected to the electrical device 9 is provided on the top of the mounting plate 29 of the present embodiment. The detection sensor 31 is, for example, a pressure sensor. When the detection sensor 31 contacts the sliding seat 13, the electrical device 9 controls the sound generator 32 to work and controls the pan-tilt head 4 so that the image acquisition device 5 is directed toward the bird perch. The sound generator 32 is provided on the outer wall of the storage shell 21 and is used to emit a sound to attract birds. When the bird perch moves out of the outer shell 2, the sound generator 32 emits a sound to attract birds, which can further induce birds to perch on the bird perch. At the same time, the pan-tilt head 4 automatically adjusts the angle of the image acquisition device 5 so that it is directed toward the bird perch to collect bird image data, thereby ensuring the quality of the collected bird image data.

[0103] A method for observing the structure and diversity of wetland bird colonies, using the above-mentioned observation device, comprises the following steps:

[0104] S1: installing the observation device at a designated location in the wetland area by means of a mounting support 1, and collecting bird image data and bird sound data in the wetland area by means of a collection mechanism;

[0105] S2: The bird bait feeding unit feeds bait for attracting birds to the bird perching racks, and the driving unit drives the two sets of bird perching racks to extend out of the housing 2 to attract birds to perch on the bird perching racks and eat the bait, while the collecting mechanism collects bird image data and bird sound data on the bird attracting mechanism;

[0106] S3: The collected bird image data and bird sound data are sent to the external monitoring terminal for processing and analysis through the collection agency to obtain the wetland bird community structure and diversity data.

[0107] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for observing the structure and diversity of wetland bird communities, characterized in that: include: A mounting support (1) for installation in a wetland area; A bird attracting mechanism is arranged on the mounting support (1); The collecting mechanism is arranged on the bird attracting mechanism and is wirelessly connected to the external monitoring terminal, and is used to collect bird image data and bird sound data in the wetland area and the bird attracting mechanism, and send the bird image data and bird sound data to the external monitoring terminal for processing and analysis; wherein the bird attracting mechanism includes: A housing (2) connected to the mounting support (1) and the collection mechanism; Two sets of bird perches are symmetrically and movably arranged on both sides of the inner cavity of the outer shell (2) for birds to perch on; A driving unit, disposed in the housing (2), for driving the two groups of bird perches to move horizontally in opposite directions; The bird bait supply part is arranged in the outer shell (2) and is used to supply bait for attracting birds to the bird perch when the bird perch enters the outer shell (2).

2. The observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collection mechanism includes: A mounting frame (3) is arranged on the housing (2), and image acquisition devices (5) for acquiring bird image data are arranged on both sides of the mounting frame (3) via a pan / tilt platform (4); A recording device (6), mounted on the mounting frame (3), for collecting bird sound data; The photovoltaic device (8) and the electrical device (9) are both arranged on the side wall of the housing (2); the electrical device (9) is connected to the driving unit, the image acquisition device (5), the recording device (6), the pan / tilt (4), the photovoltaic device (8) and the external monitoring terminal; the electrical device (9) includes a wireless communicator, a controller and a storage battery; A protective top seat (7) is arranged on the outer shell (2) and is located above the image acquisition device (5).

3. The observation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bird perch comprises: A sliding seat (13) is drivingly connected to the driving part; A telescopic perch rod, one end of which is connected to the outside of the sliding seat (13) and the other end of which is connected to a sealing plate (14), wherein the sealing plate (14) is movably arranged in a through opening provided in the side wall of the housing (2); A plurality of groups of follow-up telescopic rods (19) are arranged between the sliding seat (13) and the sealing plate (14); The bait placing seat (20) is arranged on the inner side of the sealing plate (14) and above the telescopic perching rod, and is used for receiving the bait supplied by the bird bait supplying part.

4. The observation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving unit comprises: Two sets of bidirectional screws (10) are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the inner cavity of the housing (2), and the two ends of the two sets of bidirectional screws (10) are respectively threadedly penetrated through the sliding seats (13) in the two sets of bird perches; An inner shell (11) is fixed in the outer shell (2) and movably sleeved on the middle of the outer wall of the two sets of bidirectional lead screws (10); The rotating device (12) is arranged in the inner shell (11), and the output end of the rotating device (12) is transmission-connected to the two sets of bidirectional lead screws (10) located on the outer wall of the inner shell (11), so as to drive the two sets of bidirectional lead screws (10) to rotate synchronously in the same direction.

5. The observation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The telescopic perch comprises: A sleeve (15) has one end connected to the outside of the sliding seat (13) and a movable rod (16) movably inserted at the other end, wherein one end of the movable rod (16) located inside the sleeve (15) is provided with a piston adapted to the inner diameter of the sleeve (15), and the piston is connected to the inner wall of one side of the sleeve (15) through an elastic member (17); An airbag component (18) is arranged outside the sliding seat (13) and below the sleeve (15). The airbag component (18) is connected to the inner cavity of the sleeve (15) through a pipeline. When the airbag component (18) moves outward along with the sliding seat (13) to squeeze the inner wall of the shell (2), the gas in the airbag component (18) enters the sleeve (15) through the pipeline to drive the piston to drive the movable rod (16) to move outward to a preset position. A resetting elastic structure (27) is connected to the airbag component (18) and the sliding seat (13) and is used to drive the airbag component (18) to reset and draw back the gas in the sleeve (15) when the airbag component (18) is separated from the inner wall of the housing (2) so as to reset the movable rod (16); The sleeve (15) is provided with a cleaning ring (28) at one end facing the movable rod (16) and at one end of the fixed section of the follower telescopic rod (19). The cleaning ring (28) is used to clean the outer wall of the movable rod (16) or the movable section of the follower telescopic rod (19). The outer ends of the inner cavity of the shell (2) are provided with mounting plates (29). The mounting plates (29) are movably sleeved on the outer sides of the two sets of bidirectional screws (10). The mounting plates (29) are provided with a movable opening for the follower telescopic rod (19) and the sleeve (15) to pass through. The inner wall of the movable opening is provided with a cleaning ring (30). The cleaning ring (30) is used to clean the outer wall of the fixed section of the sleeve (15) or the follower telescopic rod (19). The inner diameter of the cleaning ring (30) is larger than the outer diameter of the cleaning ring (28), the outer diameter of the sleeve (15) and the outer diameter of the fixed section of the follower telescopic rod (19).

6. The observation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bird bait supply unit comprises: A material storage shell (21) is arranged in the inner cavity of the outer shell (2), and discharge ends are arranged on both sides of the material storage shell (21); The quantitative discharge portion is arranged at an end of the discharge end away from the storage shell (21) and is used to supply an equal amount of bait into the bait placement seat (20).

7. The observation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The quantitative discharging unit comprises: A guide seat (22) is arranged in the housing (2), and a feed inlet and a discharge outlet are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the guide seat (22), the feed inlet of the guide seat (22) is communicated with the discharge end, and the discharge outlet is used to correspond to the bait placement seat (20); A rotating column (23) is rotatably disposed in the guide seat (22), and a material trough (24) for communicating with a material inlet or a material outlet is provided on the circumferential outer wall of the rotating column (23). One end of the shaft of the rotating column (23) passes through one side of the guide seat (22) and is connected to a follower gear (25) through a gear transmission. The follower gear (25) is rotatably disposed on the outer wall of the guide seat (22); The rack (26) is horizontally arranged on the bait placement seat (20) and is used to drive the rotating column (23) to rotate at a preset angle through the follower gear (25) and the gear when the bait placement seat (20) enters the preset position of the housing (2), so that the material trough (24) corresponding to the feed port rotates with the rotating column (23) to correspond to the discharge port.

8. The observation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rotating column (34) is rotatably provided at the top of the inner shell (11); the rotating column (34) and the output end of the rotating device (12) are connected by transmission via a gear set (35); a magnetic block (36) is embedded in the circumferential outer wall of the rotating column (34); a magnetic roller (37) is slidably abutted on the circumferential outer wall of the rotating column (34); the magnetic roller (37) is rotatably provided at one end of a movable rod (16); the movable rod (16) is vertically movably inserted on a carrier (33); the carrier (33) is fixed to the inner shell. The movable rod (16) is located at the top of the material storage shell (21), the other end of the movable rod (16) is located below the material storage shell (21) and is connected to a movable plate (38), the upper end of the movable plate (38) is provided with a plurality of contact columns for contacting the bottom of the material storage shell (21), the outer wall of the movable rod (16) is provided with an elastic structure for driving the movable rod (16) to reset upward when the magnetic block (36) and the magnetic roller (37) are offset, and when the movable rod (16) resets upward, it contacts the material storage shell (21) through the contact columns, causing the material storage shell (21) to vibrate.

9. The observation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A detection sensor (31) electrically connected to the electrical device (9) is provided on the top of the mounting plate (29); when the detection sensor (31) contacts the sliding seat (13), the electrical device (9) controls the sound generator (32) to operate and controls the pan / tilt platform (4) so ​​that the image acquisition device (5) faces the bird perch; the sound generator (32) is provided on the outer wall of the storage shell (21) and is used to generate a sound to attract birds.

10. A method for observing the structure and diversity of wetland bird communities, using the observation device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: installing the observation device at a designated location in the wetland area by means of a mounting support (1), and collecting bird image data and bird sound data in the wetland area by means of a collection mechanism; S2: The bird bait feeding unit feeds bait for attracting birds to the bird perching frame, and the driving unit drives the two sets of bird perching frames to extend out of the housing (2) to attract birds to perch on the bird perching frames and eat the bait, while the collecting mechanism collects bird image data and bird sound data on the bird attracting mechanism; S3: The collected bird image data and bird sound data are sent to the external monitoring terminal for processing and analysis through the collection agency to obtain the wetland bird community structure and diversity data.

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