An ecologically simulated fish breeding platform for reservoir areas and its design and operation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an ecologically simulated fish breeding platform for a reservoir area and its design and operation method. The platform comprises an annular trough, and inflatable floats arranged around and connected to the annular trough. The annular trough is floated in the reservoir area by inflating or deflating the inflatable floats. A variable frequency water pump is installed on both sides of the short sides of the annular trough to promote a certain flow rate of water in the annular trough. Openings are provided on both sides of the short sides of the annular trough, and the openings have a certain flow rate. Fish are lured into the annular trough by their habit of swimming against the current. A rotatable figure-eight grille is provided inside the openings of the trough to prevent fish from escaping. The bottom of the annular trough is paved with fine sand and pebbles that simulate the river bottom environment and facilitate fish spawning. A raised diversion island is provided in the center of the annular trough, parallel to the long sides of the annular trough. Two variable frequency water pumps are located on both sides of the outer side of the diversion island to form a circulation of water in the annular trough, thereby maintaining a certain resource volume of local fish and sustaining the population.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of aquatic ecological protection of water conservancy and hydropower projects, in particular to an ecologically simulated fish breeding platform for reservoir areas and its design and operation method. Background Art

[0002] After the completion of hydropower and water conservancy projects, the river water environment is transformed into a still water environment in the reservoir area. Fish that originally needed to spawn under the stimulation of flowing water are unable to complete key life activities such as spawning and raising young in the still water environment of the reservoir area, resulting in a decline in fish resources. In severe cases, the fish population may be unable to continue.

[0003] CN202011342973.5 An artificial fish spawning ground at the confluence of the main and tributary rivers in a reservoir area, including a dam, a main stream of the reservoir area, a tributary, an artificial spawning ground and a driving oil cylinder. The artificial spawning ground is located at the intersection of the tributary and the main stream of the reservoir area. The riverbed is excavated to form an elevator foundation treatment line. An elevator is set on the elevator foundation treatment line, and an artificial spawning matrix is ​​placed on the elevator to adapt to changes in the water level in the reservoir area.

[0004] CN202110767295.5 An intelligent mobile artificial fish nest test platform for fish with sticky eggs, including an artificial fish nest bed and an intelligent mobile base, provides a suitable spawning site for fish with sticky eggs, reducing the impact of river and lake water level changes on the growth and development of sticky fish eggs. Currently, some existing equipment mainly creates flowing water conditions to assist fish spawning, but rarely considers the subsequent hatching of fish eggs and the cultivation of fry. At the same time, there is a lack of operating methods, which cannot guide the manufacture and specific operation of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the challenges of existing technologies, the present invention provides an eco-friendly fish breeding platform for reservoirs and its design and operation method. This platform mimics a natural flowing water environment, stimulating fish flow to promote spawning. It also enables egg incubation and fry cultivation. Flow rates and water depths are adjusted based on the different growth stages of fish, while protecting fry from predation by carnivorous fish and improving fish survival rates. Furthermore, a design and operation method is proposed to provide guidance for the design and operation of the equipment.

[0006] The present invention is achieved as follows: an ecological fish breeding platform for a reservoir area comprises an annular trough body, an inflatable float arranged around the annular trough body and connected to the annular trough body, the depth of the annular trough body in the water is adjusted by inflating or deflating the inflatable float, so that the annular trough body floats in the reservoir area, a variable frequency water pump is installed on both sides of the short side of the annular trough body to push the water flow in the annular trough body to have a certain flow rate, openings are provided on both sides of the short side of the annular trough body, and a certain flow rate is provided at the openings, and the fish are lured into the annular trough body by utilizing the headstream habit of fish, a rotatable figure eight grille is provided on the inner side of the trough body opening to prevent fish from escaping, the bottom of the annular trough body is paved with fine sand and pebbles that simulate the river bottom environment and are convenient for fish to spawn, a raised diversion island is provided in the center of the annular trough body, and the diversion island is parallel to the long side of the annular trough body, two variable frequency water pumps are located on both sides of the outer side of the diversion island, so that the water flow in the annular trough body forms a circulation.

[0007] Radar flow meters and water quality detectors are arranged on both sides of the diversion island, and video cameras are arranged on the side of the annular trough to monitor the flow velocity, water quality and fish activity dynamics in the trough, so as to adjust the water flow velocity at any time.

[0008] A walking grid and a shading net for controlling light are set up between the guide island and the long side of the annular trough body.

[0009] The guide island is provided with a bait cultivation barrel for cultivating natural bait to provide bait for spawning broodstock.

[0010] The annular trough body is the main body of the platform, and each annular trough body is a unit. The number of annular trough bodies is determined according to needs, and the long sides of multiple annular trough bodies are spliced ​​in sequence to form an ecological fish breeding platform.

[0011] A method for designing and operating a simulated ecological fish breeding platform for a reservoir area, using the simulated ecological fish breeding platform for a reservoir area, includes the following steps:

[0012] ① Conduct on-site fish surveys to identify target fish species for protection, including the sex ratio and breeding time of target fish populations, the bottom soil, flow velocity, water depth, and water quality of spawning and feeding grounds, the area of ​​territory required for single female fish to reproduce, and the resource abundance and cluster locations of target fish species in the reservoir area after the operation of the water conservancy and hydropower projects;

[0013] ② Based on the resource abundance, sex ratio, and the territorial area required for a single female fish to reproduce in the reservoir area, determine the total area of ​​the spawning matrix at the bottom of the annular troughs of the simulated ecological fish breeding platform. Based on this, determine the spawning matrix area of ​​each unit annular trough, the number of unit annular troughs, and the length and width of the annular troughs.

[0014] ③ Based on the bottom quality, flow rate, and water depth data of the target fish spawning and feeding grounds, determine the spawning substrate material and ratio at the bottom of the annular trough, and control the flow rate and operating depth of the water in the trough;

[0015] ④ Determine the location of the simulated ecological fish breeding platform based on the breeding time and cluster location of the target fish in the reservoir area;

[0016] ⑤ Fish breeding: After the ecological fish breeding platform is laid out in the reservoir area, the variable frequency water pump and the rotatable figure-eight grille are turned on to form a fish-attracting flow rate at the openings on both sides of the short side of the trough. When the video camera monitors that a certain number of fish have entered, the rotatable figure-eight grille is closed, and the water flow rate and water depth in the trough are adjusted to values ​​suitable for fish spawning. The water flow rate in the trough is monitored with a radar flow meter. During the spawning period, natural bait for the target fish is fed into the pond using bait cultivation buckets to enhance the physique of the spawning fish. After the fish have finished spawning, the rotatable figure-eight grille is opened to allow the fish to swim out of the annular trough. After all the fish have swum out, the rotatable figure-eight grille is closed.

[0017] ⑥ Fish egg hatching: Adjust the flow rate and water depth in the annular tank to values ​​suitable for fish egg hatching, and use a water quality monitor to monitor the water quality. If necessary, open the sunshade net to prevent direct sunlight from affecting fish hatching;

[0018] ⑦Fish fry cultivation: After the fry are hatched, the flow rate and water depth in the annular trough are adjusted to values ​​suitable for fish fry cultivation. On the one hand, the water containing natural bait in the reservoir area is continuously input into the annular trough through a variable frequency water pump to provide fish fry facilities. On the other hand, bait cultivation barrels are used to feed the fish fry into the pond. When the fry grow to a strong physique and have a strong ability to escape fish predation, the rotating figure eight grille can be opened to allow the fry to enter the reservoir area, replenish the resources of the target fish protected in the reservoir area, and the fish population can be continued.

[0019] The present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: It addresses the problem of declining fish stocks due to changes in reservoir environmental conditions after the completion of water conservancy and hydropower projects, which prevents local fish species that prefer flowing water from completing key life activities such as spawning and egg hatching. By simulating an environment suitable for fish spawning, egg hatching, and fry foraging, the present invention enables local fish species to complete spawning, egg hatching, and fry cultivation within artificial, ecologically simulated equipment. This also prevents predation on the fry by carnivorous fish, resulting in higher egg hatching and fry survival rates compared to natural conditions. This allows local fish species to maintain a certain resource level and sustain their populations. A design and operation method is also proposed to guide the design and operation of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the ecologically simulated fish breeding platform for reservoir areas of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 AA cross-section of

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 BB cross-section diagram;

[0023] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 CC cross-section diagram;

[0024] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 DD cross-section diagram.

[0025] In the figure, 1-annular trough, 2-inflatable buoy, 3-variable frequency water pump, 4-fish blocking net, 5-rotatable figure eight grille, 6-radar flow meter, 7-water quality monitor, 8-bait cultivation barrel, 9-video camera, 10-shading net, 11-walking grille, 12-shading net slide rail, 13-diversion island. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "middle", "lower", "inside", "outside", "both sides", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only simplified descriptions for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "provided with," "connected," etc., should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" may refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it may refer to internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will be able to understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0029] like Figure 1-5As shown, the ecological fish breeding platform for reservoir areas of the present invention includes an annular trough body 1, an inflatable buoy 2 arranged around the annular trough body 1 and connected to the annular trough body 1, and the depth of the annular trough body 1 in the water is adjusted by inflating or deflating the inflatable buoy 2, so that the annular trough body floats in the reservoir area. In the annular trough body 1, variable frequency water pumps 3 are installed on both sides of the short side to push the water flow in the annular trough body 1 to have a certain flow rate. Openings are provided on both sides of the short side of the annular trough body 1, and a certain flow rate is provided at the openings. The fish are lured into the annular trough body 1 by utilizing their headstream habits. A rotatable figure eight-shaped grille 5 is provided on the inner side of the trough body opening to prevent the fish from escaping. The bottom of the trough body 1 is paved with fine sand and pebbles that simulate the river bottom environment and are convenient for fish to spawn. A raised diversion island 13 is provided in the center of the annular trough body 1, and the diversion island 13 is parallel to the long side of the annular trough body 1. Two variable frequency water pumps 3 are located on both sides of the outer side of the diversion island 13, so that the water flow in the annular trough body 1 forms a circulation.

[0030] Radar flowmeters 6 and water quality detectors 7 are arranged on both sides of the guide island 13, and video cameras 9 are arranged on the side of the annular trough body 1 to monitor the flow velocity, water quality and fish activity dynamics in the trough body, so as to adjust the water flow velocity at any time.

[0031] A walking grid 11 and a light-shielding net 10 for controlling light are arranged between the guide island 13 and the long side of the annular trough body 1 .

[0032] A bait cultivation barrel 8 for cultivating natural bait is arranged on the guide island 13 to provide bait for spawning broodstock.

[0033] The annular trough body 1 is the main body of the platform, and each annular trough body is a unit. The number of annular trough bodies is determined according to needs, and the long sides of multiple annular trough bodies are spliced ​​in sequence to form an ecological fish breeding platform.

[0034] Specifically, the annular trough body 1 is the main body of the equipment, and each annular trough body is a unit. The number of annular trough bodies can be determined according to needs, and the annular trough bodies can be spliced ​​and installed; the inflatable buoys 2 are arranged around the annular trough body 1 and connected to the annular trough body 1, so that the annular trough body floats in the reservoir area, and the water depth in the annular trough body can be adjusted by inflating or deflating the inflatable buoys 2. The variable frequency water pump 3 is installed on both sides of the short side of the annular trough body 1 to promote the water flow in the annular trough body 1 to have a certain flow rate; a fish intercepting net 4 is arranged in front of the variable frequency water pump 3 to prevent fish from swimming towards the variable frequency water pump 3 and causing damage; openings are set on both sides of the short side of the annular trough body 1, and there is a certain flow rate at the openings. The fish are lured into the trough body by using their head flow habits, and a rotatable figure-eight grille 5 opening into the trough body is installed to prevent fish from escaping; the bottom of the annular trough body 1 is paved with fine sand and pebbles to simulate the river bottom environment, which is convenient for fish to spawn; a radar flow meter 6, a water quality detector 7 and a video camera 9 are arranged on the annular trough body 1 to monitor the flow rate, water quality and fish activity dynamics in the trough body, so as to adjust the water flow rate at any time; the bait cultivation barrel 8 is used to cultivate natural bait to provide bait for spawning broodstock, so that the broodstock can recover their physical condition as soon as possible after spawning, and also to cultivate fry bait to ensure that the fry have enough bait and promote their growth and development. According to the light requirements of fish egg hatching and seedling cultivation, a shading net 10 is used to control the light; a walking grid 11 is arranged above the pool body of the annular trough 1 to facilitate staff to move around and operate the equipment.

[0035] The design and operation method is as follows:

[0036] ① Carry out on-site fish surveys to determine the target fish for protection, investigate the sex ratio and reproduction time of the target fish population, the bottom soil, flow rate, water depth, and water quality of the spawning and feeding grounds, the territory area required for single female fish to reproduce, and the resource quantity and cluster location of the target fish in the reservoir area after the operation of the water conservancy and hydropower projects.

[0037] ② According to the resource quantity, sex ratio and the territory area required for single female fish reproduction of the target fish in the reservoir area, the total area of ​​the spawning matrix at the bottom of the annular trough of this equipment is determined. Based on this, the spawning matrix area of ​​each unit annular trough, the number of unit annular troughs and the length, width and other dimensions of the annular trough are determined.

[0038] ③ According to the bottom quality, flow rate and water depth data of the target fish spawning grounds and feeding grounds, the spawning matrix material and ratio at the bottom of the annular trough are determined, the flow rate and operating depth of the water in the trough are controlled, and the equipment design of the present invention is carried out accordingly.

[0039] ④ The layout location of the equipment of the present invention is determined according to the breeding time of the target fish and the cluster location in the reservoir area.

[0040] ⑤ Fish Breeding: After the equipment is deployed in the reservoir area, the variable-frequency water pump and the rotatable figure-eight grille are activated to create a fish-attracting flow at the openings on the short sides of the trough. When the video camera detects a sufficient number of fish entering, the figure-eight grille is closed, and the flow rate and depth within the trough are adjusted to values ​​suitable for spawning. A radar flow meter monitors the flow rate within the trough. During the spawning period, natural bait for the target fish can be fed into the tank using a bait cultivation bucket to strengthen the spawning fish. After the fish have finished spawning, the figure-eight grille is opened to allow the fish to swim out of the annular trough. Once all the fish have swum out, the figure-eight grille is closed.

[0041] ⑥ Egg incubation: Adjust the flow rate and water depth in the annular tank to suitable values ​​for egg incubation, and monitor the water quality with a water quality monitor. If necessary, open the sunshade to prevent direct sunlight from affecting fish hatching.

[0042] ⑦Fish fry cultivation: After the fry are hatched, the flow rate and water depth in the annular trough are adjusted to values ​​suitable for fish fry cultivation. On the one hand, the water containing natural bait in the reservoir area is continuously input into the annular trough through a variable frequency water pump to provide fish fry facilities. On the other hand, bait cultivation barrels are used to feed the fish fry into the pond. After the fry grow to a strong physique and have a strong ability to escape fish predation, the figure-eight grille is opened to allow the fry to enter the reservoir area, replenish the resources of the target fish protected in the reservoir area, and the fish population can be continued.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A design and operation method of an ecological fish breeding platform for a reservoir area, the ecological fish breeding platform for a reservoir area comprising an annular trough body (1), an inflatable float (2) arranged around the annular trough body (1) and connected to the annular trough body (1), the depth of the annular trough body (1) in the water is adjusted by inflating or deflating the inflatable float (2), so that the annular trough body floats in the reservoir area, a variable frequency water pump (3) is installed on both sides of the short side of the annular trough body (1) to push the water flow in the annular trough body (1) to have a certain flow rate, an opening is set on both sides of the short side of the annular trough body (1), a certain flow rate is set at the opening, and the fish are lured into the annular trough body (1) by using the headstream habit of the fish, a rotatable eight-shaped grille (5) is set on the inside of the trough body opening to prevent the fish from escaping, the bottom of the annular trough body (1) is paved with fine sand and pebbles that simulate the river bottom environment and are convenient for fish to spawn, a raised diversion island (13) is set in the center of the annular trough body (1), and the diversion island ( 13) is parallel to the long side of the annular trough (1), and two variable frequency water pumps (3) are located on both sides of the outer side of the diversion island (13), so that the water flow in the annular trough (1) forms a circulation; radar flow meters (6) and water quality detectors (7) are arranged on both sides of the diversion island (13), and video cameras (9) are arranged on the side of the annular trough (1) to monitor the flow rate, water quality and fish activity dynamics in the trough, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the water flow rate at any time; a walking grid (11) and a shading net (10) for controlling light are set between the diversion island (13) and the long side of the annular trough (1); a bait cultivation barrel (8) for cultivating natural bait is arranged on the diversion island (13) to provide bait for spawning parent fish; the annular trough (1) is the platform body, and each annular trough is a unit. The number of annular troughs is determined according to needs, and the long sides of multiple annular troughs are spliced ​​in sequence to form an ecological fish breeding platform, characterized in that The design and operation method includes the following steps: ① Conduct on-site fish surveys to identify target fish species for protection, including the sex ratio and breeding time of target fish populations, the bottom soil, flow velocity, water depth, and water quality of spawning and feeding grounds, the area of ​​territory required for single female fish to reproduce, and the resource abundance and cluster locations of target fish species in the reservoir area after the operation of the water conservancy and hydropower projects; ② Based on the resource abundance, sex ratio, and the territorial area required for a single female fish to reproduce in the reservoir area, determine the total area of ​​the spawning matrix at the bottom of the annular troughs of the simulated ecological fish breeding platform. Based on this, determine the spawning matrix area of ​​each unit annular trough, the number of unit annular troughs, and the length and width of the annular troughs. ③ Based on the bottom quality, flow rate, and water depth data of the target fish spawning and feeding grounds, determine the spawning substrate material and ratio at the bottom of the annular trough, and control the flow rate and operating depth of the water in the trough; ④ Determine the location of the simulated ecological fish breeding platform based on the breeding time and cluster location of the target fish in the reservoir area; ⑤ Fish breeding: After the ecological fish breeding platform is laid out in the reservoir area, the variable frequency water pump and the rotatable figure-eight grille are turned on to form a fish-attracting flow rate at the openings on both sides of the short side of the trough. When the video camera monitors that a certain number of fish have entered, the rotatable figure-eight grille is closed, and the water flow rate and water depth in the trough are adjusted to values ​​suitable for fish spawning. The water flow rate in the trough is monitored with a radar flow meter. During the spawning period, natural bait for the target fish is fed into the pond using bait cultivation buckets to enhance the physique of the spawning fish. After the fish have finished spawning, the rotatable figure-eight grille is opened to allow the fish to swim out of the annular trough. After all the fish have swum out, the rotatable figure-eight grille is closed. ⑥ Fish egg hatching: Adjust the flow rate and water depth in the annular tank to values ​​suitable for fish egg hatching, and use a water quality monitor to monitor the water quality. If necessary, open the sunshade net to prevent direct sunlight from affecting fish hatching; ⑦Fish fry cultivation: After the fry are hatched, the flow rate and water depth in the annular trough are adjusted to values ​​suitable for fish fry cultivation. On the one hand, the water containing natural bait in the reservoir area is continuously input into the annular trough through a variable frequency water pump for the fish fry to eat. On the other hand, bait cultivation barrels are used to feed the fish fry into the pond. When the fry grow to a strong physique and have a strong ability to escape fish predation, the rotating figure eight grille can be opened to allow the fry to enter the reservoir area, replenish the resources of the target fish protected in the reservoir area, and the fish population can be continued.

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