Carbon material phosphoric acid recovery process and equipment

Abstract

The device comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, a screening cylinder, a driving mechanism and a grinding mechanism, a feeding pipe is arranged at the upper end of the outer cylinder, a discharging pipe is arranged at the lower end of the outer cylinder, the inner cylinder is fixedly connected with the outer cylinder, the screening cylinder is arranged on the outer side of the inner cylinder in a sleeving mode, and the screening cylinder comprises a bottom plate, side supporting plates and a top plate; the bottom plate and the top plate are connected through side supporting plates, screening nets are arranged between the adjacent side supporting plates, the bottom plate is rotationally connected with the bottom of the outer barrel, the top plate is slidably connected with the top of the outer barrel, the driving mechanism comprises a driving motor and a driving shaft, the driving motor is installed at the upper end of the outer barrel, and an output shaft of the driving motor is connected with the driving shaft. The driving shaft penetrates through the inner barrel, the upper end of the driving shaft is rotationally connected with the outer barrel, the lower end of the driving shaft is fixedly connected with the screening barrel, and the grinding mechanism grinds materials. Continuous dynamic phosphoric acid recovery can be carried out on the activated material containing phosphoric acid after activation, meanwhile, the screening mechanism is used for carrying out online screening on the material, working procedures are combined, cost is reduced, efficiency is improved, and the production efficiency of products is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of carbon material preparation, and in particular to a carbon material phosphoric acid recovery process and equipment. Background Art

[0002] Activated carbon is a porous adsorption carbon material, which was initially used in the fields of medicine and food, and later extended to more and more fields such as purification and recycling. The earliest record of the application of activated carbon in my country was the use of activated carbon as a medicine in the Ming Dynasty, using activated carbon to treat diarrhea and gastrointestinal diseases. Later, the large-scale preparation of activated carbon fibers developed rapidly in the fields of industry, food, and environmental protection.

[0003] At present, most carbon materials are prepared by phosphoric acid preparation process. The main raw materials used in the process of preparing mesoporous activated carbon by phosphoric acid include biomass such as wood powder, phosphoric acid, and hydrochloric acid. First, the biomass such as wood powder is screened to remove hard impurities in the raw materials, and then the screened wood powder is impregnated in phosphoric acid. The concentration of phosphoric acid should be experimentally optimized according to the specific type and resin content of the wood powder. When the type of wood powder is determined, the phosphoric acid concentration gradient is set, and then the wood powder is allowed to fully absorb the phosphoric acid solution at a certain impregnation ratio. The obtained product is sent to the rotary activation furnace through the conveying equipment for carbon activation, and the activated material is phosphoric acid recovered. The phosphoric acid content in the solution drops to less than 5 degrees Baume, and is washed with clean water and then dried, crushed, and packaged as a finished product. However, the activated carbon material contains a high concentration of phosphoric acid that needs to be recovered. During the activation process, some fine particles or carbon powder or larger agglomerates may be formed due to transmission friction. If these particles, carbon powder and agglomerates are not further processed (such as screening and grinding), under the traditional phosphoric acid recovery process, the pellets will present a "mud" appearance when adding low-concentration recovery acid to extract high-concentration recovery phosphoric acid, which seriously hinders the flow of liquid and makes the recovery of phosphoric acid extremely difficult.

[0004] In view of this, the applicant conducted in-depth research on the above issues, which led to the present case. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a carbon material phosphoric acid recovery process and equipment, which can effectively solve the above technical problems.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the solution of the present invention is:

[0007] A carbon material phosphoric acid recovery device comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, a screening cylinder, a driving mechanism and a grinding mechanism. A feed pipe is provided at the upper end of the outer cylinder and a discharge pipe is provided at the lower end. The upper end of the inner cylinder is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder. The screening cylinder is sleeved on the outer side of the inner cylinder. The screening cylinder comprises a bottom plate, a side support plate and a top plate. The bottom plate and the top plate are connected by the side support plates. A screening net is provided between adjacent side support plates. The bottom plate is rotatably connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder. The top plate is slidably connected to the top of the outer cylinder. The driving mechanism comprises a driving motor and a driving shaft. The driving motor is mounted on the upper end of the outer cylinder. The output shaft of the driving motor is connected to the driving shaft. The driving shaft passes through the inner cylinder, and the upper end of the driving shaft is rotatably connected to the outer cylinder. The lower end of the driving shaft is fixedly connected to the screening cylinder. The grinding mechanism is arranged in the inner cylinder and grinds the material.

[0008] Furthermore, a bearing seat is provided at the inner bottom end of the outer cylinder, and a bottom plate is rotatably connected to the bearing seat. A discharge pipe is provided at the lower end of the bearing seat. Discharge holes connected to the discharge pipe are provided on the bottom plate and the bearing seat, and a sealing plate is provided in the discharge pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper end of the inner cylinder is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder via a bracket, a guide ring is provided at the lower end of the inner cylinder, and an annular groove is provided on the upper surface of the bottom plate, and the guide ring and the annular groove cooperate with each other.

[0010] Furthermore, the grinding mechanism includes a transmission shaft, a transmission gear, a main gear, an upper grinding disc and a lower grinding disc. The upper end of the transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the outer cylinder, the lower end of the transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the inner cylinder, the transmission gear is sleeved on the transmission shaft, an inner gear ring meshing with the transmission gear is provided on the top plate, the main gear is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the drive shaft, the main gear is rotatably connected to the outer cylinder, the upper grinding disc is fixedly connected to the lower end of the main gear and the upper grinding disc is arranged above the upper opening of the inner cylinder, the lower grinding disc is fixedly connected to the drive shaft, the lower grinding disc is arranged in the upper opening of the inner cylinder, a grinding channel is formed between the upper grinding disc and the lower grinding disc, and the drive shaft is provided with a feeding blade at the lower end of the lower grinding disc.

[0011] Furthermore, the grinding mechanism also includes scattering blades, and the scattering blades are evenly distributed on the transmission shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, a guide rod is provided at the upper end of the top plate, and an annular guide groove is provided on the upper side wall inside the outer cylinder, and the guide rod and the guide groove are cooperatively connected.

[0013] Furthermore, an operating rod is provided at the lower end of the blocking plate.

[0014] Furthermore, a support foot is provided at the lower end of the outer cylinder.

[0015] A preparation process based on the above device comprises the following steps:

[0016] (1) Pour the activated carbon material into the outer cylinder through the feed pipe, so that the material falls into the screening cylinder, and inject low-concentration recovered phosphoric acid;

[0017] (2) starting the drive motor, which drives the drive shaft and the screening drum to rotate;

[0018] (3) When the screening drum rotates, the inner gear ring meshes with the transmission gear, driving the transmission shaft to rotate, and the transmission shaft drives the breaking blades to rotate to break up the material and stir and transport it downward;

[0019] (4) When the screening drum rotates, centrifugal force is generated, and fine particles, impurities and carbon powder pass through the screening net and fall into the outer drum, and are discharged and collected through the discharge pipe;

[0020] (5) The driving shaft drives the conveying blades and the lower grinding disc to rotate, and the material agglomerated at the bottom of the screening cylinder is conveyed upward along the inner cylinder to the upper opening of the inner cylinder;

[0021] (6) The transmission gear drives the main gear to rotate, thereby driving the upper grinding disc to rotate in the opposite direction relative to the lower grinding disc. When the material is transported to the upper opening of the inner cylinder, the material falls back into the screening cylinder through the grinding channel. The larger material is ground and crushed when passing through the grinding channel;

[0022] (7) Repeating steps (4) to (6) to fully discharge the impurities in the screening cylinder that seriously hinder the flow of recovered phosphoric acid, and cyclically grinding the material so that the carbon material material can be screened into particles that meet the size requirements during the recovery process;

[0023] (8) After recovery and screening are completed, clean water is introduced to recover the residual phosphoric acid in the screened material and rinse the carbon material;

[0024] (9) Pull the operating lever downward to remove the blocking plate, and slowly drive the screening drum to rotate, so that the rinsed material in the screening drum falls into the discharge pipe through the discharge hole and is discharged through the discharge pipe;

[0025] (10) Collect and dry the carbon materials.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the beneficial effect that the carbon material obtained by the activation process can be screened, and the mixed carbon powder, fine particles and other components in the carbon material that seriously hinder acid recovery can be fully screened out, thereby improving the acid recovery efficiency of the carbon material. At the same time, the present invention can also circulate and grind the carbon material, fully grind and crush the large pieces of carbon material, and make the particle size of the obtained carbon material more uniform and meet the required size requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the appearance structure of the device of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a side view of the cross-sectional structure of the device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional structural stereogram of the device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 Another cross-sectional structural stereogram of the device of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: outer cylinder 1, feed pipe 11, discharge pipe 12, support foot 13, bearing seat 14, discharge pipe 15, discharge hole 16, sealing plate 17, guide groove 18, inner cylinder 2, guide ring 21, screening cylinder 3, bottom plate 31, annular groove 311, side support plate 32, top plate 33, inner gear ring 331, guide rod 332, screening net 34, motor 41, drive shaft 42, feed blade 421, transmission shaft 51, transmission gear 52, main gear 53, upper grinding disc 54, lower grinding disc 55, grinding channel 56, breaking up blade 57. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to further explain the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail below through specific embodiments.

[0033] like Figure 1-4As shown, a carbon material phosphoric acid recovery device includes an outer cylinder 1, an inner cylinder 2, a screening cylinder 3, a driving mechanism and a grinding mechanism. The upper end of the outer cylinder 1 is provided with a feed pipe 11 and the lower end is provided with a discharge pipe 12. The feed pipe 11 can introduce the carbon material into the screening cylinder 3. The upper end of the outer cylinder is also provided with a liquid inlet pipe, which is used to introduce low-concentration recovered phosphoric acid and clean water into the screening cylinder 3. The lower end of the outer cylinder 1 is provided with a plurality of legs 13, so that the outer cylinder 1 stands more stably and firmly. The upper end of the inner cylinder 2 is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder 1. The screening cylinder 3 is sleeved on the outer side of the inner cylinder 2. The screening cylinder 3 includes a bottom plate 31, a side support plate 32 and a top plate 33. The bottom plate 31 and the top plate 33 are connected by the side support plate 32. A screening net 34 is provided between adjacent side support plates 32. The screening net 34 is provided with screening holes for screening carbon powder and fine particles. The bottom plate 31 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder 1, the top plate 33 is slidably connected to the top of the outer cylinder 1, the driving mechanism includes a driving motor 41 and a driving shaft 42, the driving motor 41 is installed at the upper end of the outer cylinder 1, the output shaft of the driving motor 41 is connected to the driving shaft 42, the driving shaft 42 passes through the inner cylinder 2, and the upper end of the driving shaft 42 is rotatably connected to the outer cylinder 1, the lower end of the driving shaft 42 is fixedly connected to the screening cylinder 3, and the grinding mechanism is arranged in the inner cylinder 2 and grinds the material. After adopting the above structure, the driving motor 41 is started, so that the driving shaft 42 drives the screening cylinder 3 to rotate together, and the inner cylinder 2 is fixedly arranged in the outer cylinder 1. When the screening cylinder 3 rotates, centrifugal force is generated, and impurities with smaller volumes are screened out through the screening net 34, while the carbon material slowly falls down to the bottom of the screening cylinder 3. At the same time, the injected low-concentration recovered phosphoric acid and the clean water for washing the carbon material can also pass through the screening net 34 and be recovered through the discharge pipe 12.

[0034] In this embodiment, a bearing seat 14 is provided at the inner bottom end of the outer cylinder 1, and the bottom plate 31 and the bearing seat 14 can be rotatably connected through a bearing. The bearing seat 14 can play the role of supporting the screening cylinder 3. A discharge pipe 15 is provided at the lower end of the bearing seat 14. A discharge hole 16 connected to the discharge pipe 15 is provided on the bottom plate 31 and the bearing seat 14. A blocking plate 17 is provided in the discharge pipe 15. When the blocking plate 17 blocks the discharge pipe 15, the material can be kept in the screening cylinder 3. When the blocking plate 17 opens the discharge pipe 15, the material in the screening cylinder 3 can enter the discharge pipe 15 along the discharge hole 16 and be discharged and collected by the discharge pipe 12. An operating rod is provided at the lower end of the blocking plate 17 to facilitate the operation of taking out the blocking plate 17.

[0035] In this embodiment, the upper end of the inner cylinder 2 is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder 1 by a bracket, the lower end of the inner cylinder 2 is provided with a guide ring 21, and the upper surface of the bottom plate 31 is provided with an annular groove 311. The guide ring 21 and the annular groove 311 cooperate with each other, so that the bottom end of the screening drum 3 can be further limited, and the screening drum 3 rotates more smoothly.

[0036] In this embodiment, the grinding mechanism includes a transmission shaft 51, a transmission gear 52, a main gear 53, an upper grinding disc 54 and a lower grinding disc 55. The upper end of the transmission shaft 51 is rotatably connected to the outer cylinder 1, and the lower end of the transmission shaft 51 is rotatably connected to the inner cylinder 2. The transmission gear 52 is sleeved on the transmission shaft 51, and an inner gear ring 331 meshing with the transmission gear 52 is provided on the top plate 33. The main gear 53 is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the drive shaft 42, and the main gear 53 is rotatably connected to the outer cylinder 1. The upper grinding disc 54 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the main gear 53 and the upper grinding disc 54 The lower grinding disc 55 is arranged above the upper opening of the inner cylinder 2, and is fixedly connected to the driving shaft 42. The lower grinding disc 55 is arranged in the upper opening of the inner cylinder 2, and is in the shape of a three-quarter disc. A grinding channel 56 is formed between the upper grinding disc 54 and the lower grinding disc 55, and the gap of the grinding channel 56 is larger than the size of the screening hole, so that the ground carbon material can meet the size requirements and will not pass through the screening hole. The driving shaft 42 is provided with a feeding blade 421 at the lower end of the lower grinding disc 55, and the feeding blade 421 is spiral, which can transport the material at the bottom upward. After adopting the above structure, the material in the screening cylinder 3 gradually gathers to the middle of the bottom of the screening cylinder 3, and is transported upward along the inner cylinder 2 under the action of the movement of the feeding blade 421. When the material is transported to the upper end of the inner cylinder 2, it enters the grinding channel 56 between the upper grinding disc 54 and the lower grinding disc 55, and the large volume of material is ground and crushed. After that, the material continues to be discharged and falls into the screening cylinder 3, and the above steps are repeated. More specifically, the grinding mechanism further includes scattering blades 57, which are evenly distributed on the transmission shaft 51. The scattering blades 57 can scatter the material by stepping, and can also transport the material downward.

[0037] In this embodiment, a guide rod 332 is provided at the upper end of the top plate 33, and an annular guide groove 18 is provided on the upper side wall inside the outer cylinder 1. The guide rod 332 and the guide groove 18 are cooperatively connected. The guide rod 332 can support and limit the upper end of the screening drum 3, and further guide the rotation of the screening drum 3.

[0038] A preparation process based on the above device comprises the following steps:

[0039] (1) Pour the activated carbon material into the outer cylinder 1 through the feed pipe 11, so that the material falls into the screening cylinder 3, and low-concentration recovered phosphoric acid is injected at the same time;

[0040] (2) starting the drive motor 41, which drives the drive shaft 42 and the screening drum 3 to rotate;

[0041] (3) When the screening drum 3 rotates, the inner gear ring 331 meshes with the transmission gear 52, driving the transmission shaft 51 to rotate, and the transmission shaft 51 drives the scattering blades 57 to rotate to scatter the materials and stir and transport them downward;

[0042] (4) When the screening drum 3 rotates, centrifugal force is generated, and fine particles, impurities and carbon powder pass through the screening net 34 and fall into the outer cylinder 1, and are discharged and collected through the discharge pipe 12;

[0043] (5) The driving shaft 42 drives the conveying blades 421 and the lower grinding disc 55 to rotate, and the material agglomerated at the bottom of the screening cylinder 3 is conveyed upward along the inner cylinder 2 to the upper opening of the inner cylinder 2;

[0044] (6) The transmission gear 52 drives the main gear 53 to rotate, thereby driving the upper grinding disc 54 to rotate in the opposite direction relative to the lower grinding disc 55. When the material is transported to the upper opening of the inner cylinder 2, the material falls back into the screening cylinder 3 through the grinding channel 56. The larger material is ground and crushed when passing through the grinding channel 56.

[0045] (7) Repeating steps (4) to (6) to fully discharge the mixed carbon powder, fine particles and other components that seriously hinder acid recovery in the screening cylinder 3, and cyclically grinding the material so that the carbon material can meet the size requirements;

[0046] (8) After recovery and screening are completed, clean water is introduced to recover the residual phosphoric acid in the screened material again, and the carbon material is rinsed, and then the cleaned liquid is discharged from the discharge pipe 12 for recovery;

[0047] (9) Pull the operating lever downward to remove the blocking plate 17, and slowly drive the screening drum 3 to rotate, so that the material in the screening drum 3 falls into the discharge pipe 15 through the discharge hole 16 and is discharged through the discharge pipe 12;

[0048] (10) Collect and dry the carbon materials.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effect that the carbon material obtained by the activation process can be screened, and the mixed carbon powder, fine particles and other components in the carbon material that seriously hinder acid recovery can be fully screened out, thereby improving the efficiency of acid recovery of the carbon material. At the same time, the invention can also circulate and grind the carbon material, fully grind and crush the large pieces of carbon material, and make the particle size of the obtained carbon material more uniform and meet the required size requirements.

[0050] The above embodiments and drawings do not limit the product form and style of the present invention. Any appropriate changes or modifications made by ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field should be deemed to be within the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carbon material phosphoric acid recovery device, characterized in that: The utility model comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, a screening drum, a driving mechanism and a grinding mechanism. A feed pipe is provided at the upper end of the outer cylinder and a discharge pipe is provided at the lower end. The upper end of the inner cylinder is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder. The screening drum is sleeved on the outside of the inner cylinder. The screening drum comprises a bottom plate, a side support plate and a top plate. The bottom plate and the top plate are connected by the side support plates. A screening net is provided between adjacent side support plates. The bottom plate is rotatably connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder. The top plate is slidably connected to the top of the outer cylinder. The driving mechanism comprises a driving motor and a driving shaft. The driving motor is installed at the upper end of the outer cylinder. The output shaft of the driving motor is connected to the driving shaft. The driving shaft passes through the inner cylinder, and the upper end of the driving shaft is rotatably connected to the outer cylinder. The lower end of the driving shaft is fixedly connected to the screening drum. The grinding mechanism is arranged in the inner cylinder and grinds the material.

2. A carbon material phosphoric acid recovery device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A bearing seat is provided at the inner bottom end of the outer cylinder, and a bottom plate is rotatably connected to the bearing seat. A discharge pipe is provided at the lower end of the bearing seat. Discharge holes connected to the discharge pipe are provided on the bottom plate and the bearing seat, and a sealing plate is provided in the discharge pipe.

3. The carbon material phosphoric acid recovery equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the inner cylinder is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder through a bracket, the lower end of the inner cylinder is provided with a guide ring, the upper surface of the bottom plate is provided with an annular groove, and the guide ring and the annular groove cooperate with each other.

4. The carbon material phosphoric acid recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding mechanism includes a transmission shaft, a transmission gear, a main gear, an upper grinding disc and a lower grinding disc. The upper end of the transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the outer cylinder, the lower end of the transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the inner cylinder, the transmission gear is sleeved on the transmission shaft, an inner gear ring meshing with the transmission gear is arranged on the top plate, the main gear is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the driving shaft, the main gear is rotatably connected to the outer cylinder, the upper grinding disc is fixedly connected to the lower end of the main gear and the upper grinding disc is arranged above the upper opening of the inner cylinder, the lower grinding disc is fixedly connected to the driving shaft, the lower grinding disc is arranged in the upper opening of the inner cylinder, a grinding channel is formed between the upper grinding disc and the lower grinding disc, and the driving shaft is provided with a feeding blade at the lower end of the lower grinding disc.

5. A carbon material phosphoric acid recovery device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The grinding mechanism also includes scattering blades, and the scattering blades are evenly distributed on the transmission shaft.

6. The carbon material phosphoric acid recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide rod is arranged at the upper end of the top plate, and an annular guide groove is arranged on the upper side wall inside the outer cylinder body, and the guide rod and the guide groove are matched and connected.

7. The carbon material phosphoric acid recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: An operating rod is arranged at the lower end of the blocking plate.

8. The carbon material phosphoric acid recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the outer cylinder is provided with a supporting foot.

9. A process for preparing the device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Pour the activated carbon material into the outer cylinder through the feed pipe, so that the material falls into the screening cylinder, and inject low-concentration recovered phosphoric acid; (2) starting the drive motor, which drives the drive shaft and the screening drum to rotate; (3) When the screening drum rotates, the inner gear ring meshes with the transmission gear, driving the transmission shaft to rotate, and the transmission shaft drives the breaking blades to rotate to break up the material and stir and transport it downward; (4) When the screening drum rotates, centrifugal force is generated, and fine particles, impurities and carbon powder pass through the screening net and fall into the outer drum, and are discharged and collected through the discharge pipe; (5) The driving shaft drives the conveying blades and the lower grinding disc to rotate, and the material agglomerated at the bottom of the screening cylinder is conveyed upward along the inner cylinder to the upper opening of the inner cylinder; (6) The transmission gear drives the main gear to rotate, thereby driving the upper grinding disc to rotate in the opposite direction relative to the lower grinding disc. When the material is transported to the upper opening of the inner cylinder, the material falls back into the screening cylinder through the grinding channel. The larger material is ground and crushed when passing through the grinding channel; (7) Repeating steps (4) to (6) to fully discharge the impurities in the screening cylinder that seriously hinder the flow of recovered phosphoric acid, and cyclically grinding the material, so that the carbon material material can be screened into particles that meet the size requirements during the recovery process; (8) After recovery and screening are completed, clean water is introduced to recover the residual phosphoric acid in the screened material and rinse the carbon material; (9) Pull the operating lever downward to remove the blocking plate, and slowly drive the screening drum to rotate, so that the rinsed material in the screening drum falls into the discharge pipe through the discharge hole and is discharged through the discharge pipe; (10) Collect and dry the carbon materials.

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